Health Council of the Netherlands Reports 2003 - Gezondheidsraad

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Health and environment: Connections and methods of assessment • Health effects of exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields 81 • Benchmark dose method: health-based recommended exposure limits in new perspective 87 • The impact of passive smoking on public health 93 • Health and the environment: monitoring options 97 • Environmental Health: Research for Policy 107 Health and environment: Human-toxicological and ecotoxicological substance risk assessment • Tetrachloroethylene (PER) 115 • Formaldehyde 123 • Sulphur dioxide 131 • Strong inorganic acid mists containing sulphuric acid 137 • Metallic lead 139 • Tetrachloroethylene (PER) 141 • Nickel and its compounds 143 • b-Chloroprene 145 • Trichloroethylene 147 • Diethyleneglycol (mono)alkylethers 149 8 Health Council of the Netherlands; Reports 2003
Brain damage in boxers and soccer players Health Council of the Netherlands. Brain damage in boxers and soccer players. The Hague: Health Council of the Netherlands, 2003; publication no. 2003/19E. ISBN: 90-5549-503-4 (in Dutch and English) Participation in sport can lead to physical injury. Brain injury is one of the most serious forms of injury that can occur. In soccer, players can suffer brain injury as a result of others infringing the rules, as a result of ‘accidents’, and possibly as a result of repeated or poorly executed heading of the ball. In boxing, there is an inherent risk of brain injury, since the sport’s ultimate aim is to knock out one’s opponent. Repeated acute brain injuries – concussions, for example – can lead to the development of chronic brain injury, and ultimately to dementia in the most serious cases. Both in the world of sport and in medical circles, there has for some time been debate concerning ways of preventing sports-related brain injury. After questions on this subject had been raised in parliament, the State Secretary for Health, Welfare and Sport asked the Health Council to prepare an advisory report. In Brain injury in boxers and soccer players, a Committee of the Health Council focuses on the problems in the sports of boxing and soccer and addresses the following questions: • How common is sports-related brain injury and what gradations of injury – both acute and chronic – may be distinguished? • How can brain injury be detected, and how valuable is neuropsychological testing as a diagnostic tool? • What can be done to prevent sports-related brain injury? Brain damage in boxers and soccer players 9
Page 1: Health Council of the Netherlands R
Page 4 and 5: The Health Council of the Netherlan
Page 7: Contents Health and health care: Ge
Page 11 and 12: injuries is to be improved, further
Page 13 and 14: on the occurrence of brain injury,
Page 15 and 16: play as a matter of urgency. In add
Page 17 and 18: Hematopoietic stem cells Health Cou
Page 19 and 20: Warrants are less well regulated in
Page 21 and 22: Contours of the Basic Health Benfit
Page 23 and 24: safeguard against the phenomenon of
Page 25 and 26: New Options for Organ Donation Heal
Page 27 and 28: donation, in order to give patients
Page 29 and 30: important precondition is that the
Page 31 and 32: these kidneys. The Health Council t
Page 33 and 34: 5 Living kidney donation from genet
Page 35 and 36: Public awareness about genetics Hea
Page 37 and 38: Conclusions • The rapid advanceme
Page 39 and 40: Therapeutic exercise Health Council
Page 41 and 42: and the cardiovascular system. It s
Page 43 and 44: Pathogen reduction in blood product
Page 45 and 46: transfusion, however, the corrected
Page 47 and 48: Pneumococcal vaccine in elderly adu
Page 49 and 50: Tetanus prophylaxis in injuries Hea
Page 51 and 52: Controlling Legionnaire’s Disease
Page 53 and 54: mortality risk level is equivalent
Page 55 and 56: The Committee notes that the issue
Page 57 and 58: Vaccination of children against hep
Page 59 and 60:
Vaccination In the vast majority of
Page 61 and 62:
week of life), the second dose shou
Page 63 and 64:
Dietary reference intakes: vitamin
Page 65 and 66:
According to the Committee, the con
Page 67 and 68:
folate in foods is too great. There
Page 69 and 70:
ecommended dietary allowances for p
Page 71 and 72:
Overweight and obesity Health Counc
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of the increased prevalence of over
Page 75 and 76:
information provision, regulations
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Foods and dietary supplements with
Page 79 and 80:
not correct, the claim is irrelevan
Page 81 and 82:
Health effects of exposure to radio
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ase stations or radio and televisio
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available at short notice, in order
Page 87 and 88:
Benchmark dose method: health-based
Page 89 and 90:
In 1996 the Committee recommended t
Page 91 and 92:
Choice framework for BMD parameters
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The impact of passive smoking on pu
Page 95 and 96:
esearch to be completed. Its reason
Page 97 and 98:
Health and the environment: monitor
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Methodological criteria: • Measur
Page 101 and 102:
Environmental measurement programme
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developed. One way in which this co
Page 105 and 106:
confounders. It would also make it
Page 107 and 108:
Environmental Health: Research for
Page 109 and 110:
of both knowledge and initiatives c
Page 111 and 112:
generated by high-voltage power lin
Page 113 and 114:
of risk communication methods is ur
Page 115 and 116:
Tetrachloroethylene (PER) Health Co
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Kinetics Actually all inhaled PER e
Page 119 and 120:
Hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity I
Page 121 and 122:
No clear signs for teratogenicity w
Page 123 and 124:
Formaldehyde Health Council of the
Page 125 and 126:
Toxicokinetics Under normal conditi
Page 127 and 128:
ates have occasionally been found a
Page 129 and 130:
incidence in controls and (III) min
Page 131 and 132:
Sulphur dioxide Health Council of t
Page 133 and 134:
Sulphur dioxide is a highly hydroph
Page 135 and 136:
showed no defects in reproductive p
Page 137 and 138:
Strong inorganic acid mists contain
Page 139 and 140:
Metallic lead Health Council of the
Page 141 and 142:
Tetrachloroethylene (PER) Health Co
Page 143 and 144:
Nickel and its compounds Health Cou
Page 145 and 146:
β-Chloroprene Health Council of th
Page 147 and 148:
Trichloroethylene Health Council of
Page 149 and 150:
Diethyleneglycol (mono)alkylethers
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Health Council of the Netherlands Reports 2003 - Gezondheidsraad

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