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Download the Animation Liberation Magazine - Winter '07 edition

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GLOSSARY<br />

Capitalism - Coined by Karl Marx, capitalism is a system where market forces<br />

supersede social decisions. Under capitalism a wealthy few own and control <strong>the</strong><br />

means of production, by which <strong>the</strong>y control both <strong>the</strong> economy and politics.<br />

Copyleft - a play on <strong>the</strong> word copyright and is <strong>the</strong> practice of using copyright law<br />

to remove restrictions on distributing copies and modified versions of a work for<br />

o<strong>the</strong>rs and requiring that <strong>the</strong> same freedoms be preserved in modified versions.<br />

An author may, through a copyleft licensing scheme, give every person who<br />

receives a copy of a work permission to reproduce, adapt or distribute <strong>the</strong> work<br />

as long as any resulting copies or adaptations are also bound by <strong>the</strong> same<br />

copyleft licensing scheme. A widely used and originating copyleft license is <strong>the</strong><br />

GNU General Public License. Similar licenses are available through Creative<br />

Commons - called Share-alike.<br />

Market Socialism - A temporary state of socialism where market forces are used<br />

for <strong>the</strong> greater good of society. Market forces operate differently under socialism<br />

<strong>the</strong>n under capitalism in that, under socialism society is seen as <strong>the</strong> ultimate<br />

decider/benefactor, whereas under capitalism market forces are presented as<br />

ends in <strong>the</strong>mselves.<br />

Oligopoly - A state where a few firms (companies) own/control a specific sector<br />

of <strong>the</strong> market. Capitalism is by definition an oligopoly. As capitalism evolves, its<br />

companies become increasingly centralized making oligopoly more apparent.<br />

See: Wal-Mart/Microsoft.<br />

-Sama - An honorable Japanese title given at <strong>the</strong> end of a persons name to show<br />

respect and reverence towards <strong>the</strong>m.<br />

Socialism - A system where society rules. Under socialism economic policy is<br />

determined democratically, as opposed to capitalism where market forces<br />

automatically allocate resources without human decision.<br />

Tankoubon - (単行本) is a Japanese term normally reserved for books that are<br />

complete in <strong>the</strong>mselves and not part of a series. However, <strong>the</strong> manga industry<br />

uses <strong>the</strong> term to describe <strong>the</strong> format in which <strong>the</strong>ir comics. The thick volumes we<br />

see most commonly in American releases of manga, holding several or more<br />

chapters of a specific series, are referred to as Tankoubon.<br />

<strong>Animation</strong> <strong>Liberation</strong> <strong>Magazine</strong> 38

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