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BIOTECHNOLOGY (BIOTEC)<br />

MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY<br />

MONDAY MORNING ROUNDTABLES AND<br />

MINI-SYMPOSIA ARE SUPPORTED BY A<br />

GRANT FROM<br />

8:00 AM–10:00 AM<br />

Outcomes <strong>of</strong> the Global Bioanalysis<br />

Consortium’s International Conference:<br />

Review <strong>of</strong> the Proposals<br />

ROUNDTABLE<br />

MONDAY AFTERNOON SYMPOSIA ARE<br />

SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />

1:30 PM–4:00 PM<br />

Intracellular Signaling by Flow Cytometry:<br />

A Critical New Flow Cytometry Application<br />

for Drug Development<br />

SYMPOSIUM<br />

Manufacturing, Formulation and Analytical<br />

Challenges and Strategies for Biosimilars<br />

SYMPOSIUM<br />

5:00 PM–7:30 PM<br />

AAPS BIOTEC Section Joint Membership<br />

Meeting and Reception<br />

30<br />

PRELIMINARY PROGRAM<br />

TUESDAY MORNING SUNRISE SESSIONS ARE<br />

SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />

7:00 AM–8:15 AM<br />

Personalized Medicine 101<br />

SUNRISE SESSION<br />

8:30 AM–11:00 AM<br />

Graduate Student Symposium in<br />

Biotechnology (BIOTEC)<br />

SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />

TUESDAY MORNING ROUNDTABLES<br />

SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />

9:00 AM–11:00 AM<br />

Emerging Biosimilar Strategy and<br />

Challenges: Unique Aspects and Key<br />

Contrasts to Comparability, other Follow<br />

on Biotherapeutic Strategies, and Small<br />

Molecule Generics<br />

ROUNDTABLE<br />

2:00 PM–4:00 PM<br />

Biologics and Biosimilars Development and<br />

Approval in Emerging Markets<br />

ROUNDTABLE<br />

7:00 AM–8:15 AM<br />

PGx Today: What Do We Know?<br />

SUNRISE SESSION<br />

8:30 AM–11:00 AM<br />

Next Generation Biologics<br />

SYMPOSIUM<br />

WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON SYMPOSIA ARE<br />

SUPPORTED BY AN EDUCATIONAL GRANT<br />

FROM<br />

1:30 PM–4:00 PM<br />

Biomarkers <strong>of</strong> CNS Function: From Mice<br />

to Man<br />

SYMPOSIUM<br />

From a Monomer to an Aggregate: Models,<br />

Challenges and Case Studies for Prediction<br />

<strong>of</strong> Protein Aggregation In Solution<br />

SYMPOSIUM<br />

WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON ROUNDTABLES<br />

ARE SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />

2:00 PM–4:00 PM<br />

Emerging Platforms for Immunogenicity<br />

and Quantitative Assays<br />

ROUNDTABLE<br />

AT-A-GLANCE<br />

7:00 AM–8:15 AM<br />

Personalized Medicine: Bring Your Birth<br />

Weight<br />

SUNRISE SESSION<br />

Biosimilars Development: CMC, Preclinical,<br />

and Clinical Considerations<br />

SUNRISE SESSION<br />

9:00 AM–11:00 AM<br />

Problems and Solutions for Manufacturing<br />

Therapeutic Proteins<br />

ROUNDTABLE


MONDAY, OCTOBER 15<br />

MONDAY MORNING ROUNDTABLE<br />

SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />

8:00 AM–10:00 AM<br />

Outcomes <strong>of</strong> the Global Bioanalysis<br />

Consortium’s International<br />

Conference: Review <strong>of</strong> the<br />

Proposals<br />

ROUNDTABLE<br />

Currently, regulatory differences between regions<br />

and countries requires additional work or are in<br />

conflict; resulting with unneeded hurdles to the<br />

bioanalytical community in using its work and<br />

output in filings around the globe. To address this, in<br />

September 2012, the Global Bioanalysis Consortium<br />

(GBC) is holding an international conference where<br />

proposals for harmonized bioanalytical regulations<br />

will be presented to the scientific, quality assurance,<br />

academic and regulatory communities. This<br />

roundtable, occurring just three weeks later, will<br />

present the significant outcomes <strong>of</strong> the meeting<br />

and describe the content <strong>of</strong> the discussions so<br />

that scientists who could not attend will be able<br />

to understand the drivers that went into the final<br />

proposals. An FDA representative will present some<br />

early reflections on the recommendations. As it<br />

writes the white paper outcome <strong>of</strong> the conference,<br />

input from the audience will be sought as feedback<br />

to the GBC.<br />

MODERATORS<br />

Mark E. Arnold, Ph.D.<br />

Bristol-Myers Squibb Company<br />

Fabio Gar<strong>of</strong>olo, Ph.D.<br />

Algorithme Pharma Inc.<br />

Significant Outcomes for Immuno Assays,<br />

Biomarkers and some Common Themes<br />

Binodh S. DeSilva, Ph.D.<br />

Bristol-Myers Squibb Company<br />

Significant Outcomes for<br />

Chromatographic Assays and some<br />

Common Themes<br />

Eric N. Fluhler, Ph.D.<br />

Pfizer Inc.<br />

Regulatory Perspectives: Where Do We<br />

Go from Here<br />

Brian P. Booth, Ph.D.<br />

U.S. Food and Drug Administration<br />

MONDAY AFTERNOON SYMPOSIA<br />

SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />

BIOTECHNOLOGY (BIOTEC)<br />

1:30 PM–4:00 PM<br />

Intracellular Signaling by Flow<br />

Cytometry: A Critical New Flow<br />

Cytometry Application for Drug<br />

Development<br />

SYMPOSIUM<br />

The detection <strong>of</strong> intracellular signaling events such<br />

as protein phosphorylation by flow cytometry<br />

(PhosphFlow) compared to gel techniques<br />

has revolutionized signaling biology and drug<br />

development. PhosphFlow allows for the detection<br />

<strong>of</strong> specific protein phosphorylation in intact cells<br />

combined with the detection <strong>of</strong> other intracellular<br />

proteins and cell surface markers. This approach<br />

holds enormous promise in a variety <strong>of</strong> therapeutic<br />

areas, in particular, oncology, as pathway specific<br />

mutations can be defined. Further the specific<br />

effect <strong>of</strong> a drug or mutation on a pathway or<br />

pathway “nodes” (areas where pathways converge<br />

or diverge) can be identified. The purpose <strong>of</strong><br />

this session will be to discuss the challenges <strong>of</strong><br />

implementing robust PhosphFlow assays, such as<br />

reagent verification, buffer optimization, specimen<br />

stability, and analysis s<strong>of</strong>tware. This symposium<br />

would provide an open forum discussing not only<br />

the challenges, but how people have been able to<br />

overcome these challenges as well.<br />

MODERATORS<br />

Peter O’Brien, Ph.D.<br />

Pfizer Inc.<br />

Virginia M. Litwin, Ph.D.<br />

Covance, Inc.<br />

Intracellular Signaling by Flow<br />

Cytometry: Overview<br />

Omar D. Perez, Ph.D.<br />

Tocagen Inc.<br />

Steps to Success in Cell Signaling<br />

Cytometry<br />

Lisa J. Green, M.S.<br />

Covance, Inc.<br />

Thinking IN the Box: Development,<br />

Optimization and Validation <strong>of</strong> Cell<br />

Signaling Assay for Longitudinal<br />

Clinical Trials<br />

Leanne Flye-Blakemore, M.S.<br />

LabCorp Clinical Trials<br />

Utilization <strong>of</strong> Single Cell Network Pr<strong>of</strong>iling<br />

to Build and Validate Multivariate Models<br />

for the Prediction <strong>of</strong> Response to Therapy<br />

for Pediatric Leukemia<br />

Urte Gayko, Ph.D.<br />

Nodality Inc.<br />

1:30 PM–4:00 PM<br />

Manufacturing, Formulation<br />

and Analytical Challenges and<br />

Strategies for Biosimilars<br />

SYMPOSIUM<br />

The patent expirations <strong>of</strong> biopharmaceutical<br />

products have initiated the introduction <strong>of</strong> a new<br />

generation <strong>of</strong> drugs, called ‘Biosimilars’ (followon<br />

products to marketed biological medicines).<br />

Biosimilars are highly similar structurally but not<br />

identical to the original biopharmaceutical products.<br />

Due to their large size and complex structure,<br />

production <strong>of</strong> biopharmaceutical requires a<br />

complex manufacturing and quality control process.<br />

Also, they are highly sensitive to variations <strong>of</strong> the<br />

production process. Unlike generic versions <strong>of</strong><br />

small-molecule-drugs, biosimilars require extensive<br />

characterization and verifications to determine the<br />

efficacy, immunogenicity and bioequivalence to the<br />

original biopharmaceutical product. This symposium<br />

will discuss the challenges the pharmaceutical<br />

industry is facing in manufacturing, characterization<br />

and demonstrating comparability.<br />

MODERATORS<br />

Arya P. Jayatilaka, Ph.D.<br />

Pfizer Inc.<br />

Ruta Waghmare, Ph.D.<br />

EMD Millipore Corporation<br />

Biosimilars: Key Aspects in Technical<br />

Development<br />

Carol Kirchh<strong>of</strong>f, Ph.D.<br />

Pfizer Inc.<br />

Similarities and Differences in the Process<br />

Development Cycle<br />

Neil Schauer, Ph.D.<br />

Hospira, Inc.<br />

Challenges in Demonstrating Biosimilarity<br />

to a Reference Product<br />

Speaker to be Determined<br />

Analytical Characterization <strong>of</strong><br />

Biopharmaceuticals in the Determination<br />

<strong>of</strong> Biosimilarity<br />

Graham Jones, D.Sc.<br />

Northeastern University<br />

JOINT MEMBERSHIP MEETING<br />

AND RECEPTION<br />

5:00 PM–7:30 PM<br />

AAPS Biotechnology (BIOTEC)<br />

Section Joint Membership Meeting<br />

and Reception<br />

2012 AAPS Annual Meeting and Exposition 31


BIOTECHNOLOGY (BIOTEC)<br />

TUESDAY, OCTOBER 16<br />

TUESDAY MORNING SUNRISE SESSION<br />

SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />

7:00 AM–8:15 AM<br />

Personalized Medicine 101<br />

SUNRISE SESSION<br />

Personalized Medicine is the tailoring <strong>of</strong> therapies<br />

to individuals or sub-populations <strong>of</strong> individuals<br />

and is gaining popularity with the advances in the<br />

fields <strong>of</strong> diagnostics, biomarkers and genomics.<br />

Examples <strong>of</strong> personalized medicine include but<br />

are not limited to Warfarin (small molecule —<br />

anticoagulant), Herceptin ® (biologic — cancer<br />

monoclonal antibody), and the more recently<br />

approved Provenge ® (cancer vaccine for prostate<br />

cancer). The advancement <strong>of</strong> personalized<br />

medicine is dependent on a number <strong>of</strong> players —<br />

pharmaceutical and <strong>biotec</strong>h companies, diagnostic<br />

companies, researchers, clinicians, information<br />

technology managers, healthcare providers,<br />

laboratories, policymakers and payers. This sunrise<br />

session will cater to the science, promise and<br />

challenges in the field <strong>of</strong> personalized medicine.<br />

MODERATORS<br />

Nisha Nanaware, M.Pharm.<br />

University <strong>of</strong> Arkansas<br />

Lavinia M. Lewis, Ph.D.<br />

Pfizer Inc.<br />

Personalized Medicine: An Overview<br />

Wolfgang Sadee, Ph.D.<br />

Ohio State University<br />

Challenges in Manufacturing Personalized<br />

Cellular Therapies<br />

Tamara T. Monesmith, M.S.<br />

Argos Therapeutics<br />

GRADUATE STUDENT SYMPOSIUM<br />

8:30 AM–11:00 AM<br />

Graduate Student Symposium in<br />

Biotechnology (BIOTEC)<br />

SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />

32<br />

PRELIMINARY PROGRAM<br />

TUESDAY MORNING ROUNDTABLE<br />

SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />

9:00 AM–11:00 AM<br />

Emerging Biosimilar Strategy<br />

and Challenges: Unique<br />

Aspects and Key Contrasts to<br />

Comparability, other Follow on<br />

Biotherapeutic Strategies, and<br />

Small Molecule Generics<br />

ROUNDTABLE<br />

This roundtable will focus on the unique aspects<br />

<strong>of</strong> biosimilar strategy with a focus on key contrasts<br />

to comparability, other follow on biotherapeutic<br />

strategies (such as biobetters), and small<br />

molecule generics. Biosimilarity is focused on the<br />

development <strong>of</strong> a biosimilar product that is “similar”<br />

to an externally marketed biotherapeutic drug<br />

product with plans to license (bring to market)<br />

the biosimilar when the original product loses<br />

its patent exclusivity. There are several recent<br />

biosimilar guidances in process and guidance<br />

updates (especially in the emerging markets).<br />

Comparability, due to manufacturing changes with<br />

an internal product, has a large impact on internal<br />

drug development programs resulting sometimes<br />

in delays or in requirements to resubmit as a new<br />

drug product. However, while biosimilarity and<br />

comparability share a goal <strong>of</strong> comparing two (or<br />

more) products the overall strategies and study<br />

design optimizations are different. The aim <strong>of</strong> this<br />

roundtable is to briefly recap some <strong>of</strong> the key<br />

discussion points regarding biosimilarity issues over<br />

the last several years (with a focus on nonclinical<br />

and clinical assessments) and to bring forward<br />

discussions on common issues and key differences<br />

with comparability and biobetters. The key issues<br />

<strong>of</strong> biosimilar strategy for a biotherapeutics product<br />

will also be contrasted to that for a small molecule<br />

generic. This is important as even the words<br />

biosimilarity, comparability, biobetters, and generics<br />

have become mingled in discussions on biosimilars.<br />

This roundtable will provide opportunities for<br />

AAPS attendees to discuss/debate nonclinical and<br />

clinical issues focused on the topics below. I.) To<br />

briefly recap recent development strategies for<br />

biosimilarity. II.) Key regulatory differences between<br />

biosimilarity, comparability, and biobetters based<br />

on guidances and overall study objectives (with a<br />

brief overview <strong>of</strong> differences with small molecule<br />

generics). III.) To understand the overlapping<br />

scientific discussions that impact biosimilarity,<br />

comparability, and biobetters such as: choice <strong>of</strong><br />

key parameters for assessment; incorporating ADA<br />

considerations in the study design; considerations<br />

for TMD; utilization <strong>of</strong> PD endpoints; incorporation<br />

<strong>of</strong> Modeling and Simulation in study design setup;<br />

utilization <strong>of</strong> historical data in assessments; setting<br />

<strong>of</strong> guideposts (90% CI: 80 — 125 only?), and<br />

power calculations; and optimization <strong>of</strong> the use <strong>of</strong><br />

preclinical species. IV.) To understanding the key<br />

differences between biosimilarity, comparability,<br />

and biobetter studies particularly around utilization,<br />

design and interpretation <strong>of</strong> nonclinical studies<br />

and the need for and design/optimization <strong>of</strong><br />

clinical studies.<br />

MODERATORS<br />

Susan I. Hurst, R.Ph., Ph.D.<br />

Pfizer Inc.<br />

Shefali Kakar, Ph.D.<br />

Novartis <strong>Pharmaceutical</strong>s Corporation<br />

Biosimilars, Biobetters, and Comparability<br />

Assessments: Strategies and Challenges<br />

Shefali Kakar, Ph.D.<br />

Novartis <strong>Pharmaceutical</strong>s Corporation<br />

Developing an Integrated Approach to<br />

Global Biosimilar Development Programs<br />

Deepa Deshpande, Ph.D., RAC<br />

Universal Regulatory Inc.<br />

Biosimilar Development: A <strong>Pharmaceutical</strong><br />

Industry Perspective<br />

Michael Corbo, Ph.D.<br />

Pfizer Inc.<br />

TUESDAY AFTERNOON ROUNDTABLE<br />

SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />

2:00 PM–4:00 PM<br />

Biologics and Biosimilars<br />

Development and Approval in<br />

Emerging Markets<br />

ROUNDTABLE<br />

Biologics continue to attract increasing attention <strong>of</strong><br />

all major pharmaceutical companies globally year<br />

after year since the new millennium. The global<br />

biosimilars market has also continued to grow at<br />

an impressive pace and is now predicted to reach<br />

about $20 billion by 2014 (i.e. growing annually at<br />

about 89% from 2009 to 2014). Asia in particular<br />

has been a major growth region for biosimilars,<br />

largely due to relatively early commercialization<br />

and high acceptance rate <strong>of</strong> biosimilar products<br />

in several populous Asian countries. While the<br />

United States is the second-largest global market<br />

are predicted to catch up soon and become the<br />

dominant market by 2014 thanks to the recent<br />

U.S. legislation and market opening for biosimilars<br />

since 2010, Asia continues to dominate the<br />

biosimilars market for now with about 34% share<br />

<strong>of</strong> the global market in 2008 and continuing to<br />

grow. In the meantime, the Asia biosimilars market<br />

appears highly fragmented with a handful <strong>of</strong> major<br />

biopharmaceutical companies making most <strong>of</strong> the<br />

market share (e.g. Biocon, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories,<br />

LG LifeSciences, Green Cross, Ranbaxy, Kexing,<br />

Celgen, Sandoz, Teva, Wockhardt). The regulatory<br />

pathways and filing requirements for biosimilars also<br />

vary from country to country. In this roundtable, an<br />

overview <strong>of</strong> global biologics and biosimilars pipeline<br />

and market trend will be presented, followed by<br />

discussions <strong>of</strong> industry perspectives in several major<br />

emerging markets, China, Korea, and India. A panel<br />

discussion will also be held with all the invited<br />

expert speakers.


MODERATORS<br />

Qiang Ye, Ph.D.<br />

<strong>Pharmaceutical</strong> Development<br />

Yining Zhao, Ph.D.<br />

Pfizer Inc.<br />

Multi-national Companies’ Perspectives<br />

on Developing Biosimilars in Emerging<br />

Markets<br />

Yining Zhao, Ph.D.<br />

Pfizer Inc.<br />

Opportunities and Obstacles to Develop<br />

Biologics in China<br />

Chris Chen, Ph.D.<br />

WuXi AppTec Co.<br />

Current Status and Future Outlook for<br />

India’s Biosimilar Development and<br />

Approval<br />

Cartikeya Reddy, Ph.D.<br />

Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories<br />

WEDNESDAY,<br />

OCTOBER 17<br />

WEDNESDAY MORNING SUNRISE SESSION<br />

7:00 AM–8:15 AM<br />

PGx Today: What Do We Know?<br />

SUNRISE SESSION<br />

Pharmacogenomics is the study <strong>of</strong> variations <strong>of</strong><br />

DNA and RNA characteristics as related to drug<br />

response. This session will address the following<br />

considerations: 1. how to relate phenotype to<br />

genotype, 2. how to use PGx information to identify<br />

novel drug targets for drug development, and 3. how<br />

to apply PGx information to explain or predict the<br />

role <strong>of</strong> genetic variability in drug efficacy and toxicity.<br />

The session will also provide a number <strong>of</strong> examples<br />

for the application <strong>of</strong> PGx in clinical practice.<br />

MODERATORS<br />

Shashi Amur, Ph.D.<br />

U.S. Food and Drug Administration<br />

Li Zhang, Ph.D., M.D.<br />

U.S. Food and Drug Administration<br />

PGx Today: What Do We Know?<br />

Shashi Amur, Ph.D.<br />

U.S. Food and Drug Administration<br />

Progress in PGx and its Promise for<br />

Medicine<br />

Li Zhang, Ph.D., M.D.<br />

U.S. Food and Drug Administration<br />

WEDNESDAY MORNING SYMPOSIUM<br />

8:30 AM–11:00 AM<br />

Next Generation Biologics<br />

BIOTECHNOLOGY (BIOTEC)<br />

SYMPOSIUM<br />

Antibody-based biotherapeutics currently enjoy<br />

unprecedented success, growth and recognition <strong>of</strong><br />

their potential. Almost all FDA-approved therapeutic<br />

antibodies and the vast majority <strong>of</strong> those in clinical<br />

trials are full-size bivalent monoclonal antibodies<br />

(mAbs) mostly in IgG1 format <strong>of</strong> about 150 kDa<br />

size. This success and enthusiasm in the drug<br />

development community can be largely explained<br />

by the properties <strong>of</strong> antibodies: their exquisite<br />

binding specificity and low intrinsic toxicity. A<br />

fundamental problem for such large molecules<br />

is their poor penetration into tissues and poor or<br />

absent binding to regions on the surface <strong>of</strong> some<br />

molecules that are only accessible by molecules<br />

<strong>of</strong> smaller size. In addition, for certain applications<br />

it is desirable to increase the potency <strong>of</strong> mAbs or<br />

deliver them locally. Advances in protein engineering<br />

have led to the generation <strong>of</strong> a number <strong>of</strong> antibody<br />

derivatives and various scaffold proteins, which<br />

due to their smaller size can be beneficial in various<br />

aspects such as immunogenicity, biodistribution,<br />

renal clearance, and tissue penetration. Several<br />

approaches are being evaluated to improve the<br />

potency by the linkage <strong>of</strong> mAbs to highly cytotoxic<br />

drugs (antibody-drug conjugates, ADC), by<br />

engineering antibodies with dual specificity (bispecific)<br />

or by enhancing antibody effector function<br />

by engaging T cells and effector cells using bispecific<br />

T cell engagers (BiTE ® ) or glycoengineered<br />

antibodies. Due to their smaller size (e.g.,<br />

nanobodies), format (e.g., ADC), or pharmacology<br />

(e.g., bi-specific, glycoengineered), the next<br />

generation biologics present unusual nonclinical and<br />

clinical challenges. Evaluation <strong>of</strong> the immunogenicity<br />

responses to such molecules presents additional<br />

challenges due to, for example, the need to identify<br />

specificity <strong>of</strong> the anti-drug antibody responses to a<br />

particular domain on the biotherapeutic molecule<br />

and significance there<strong>of</strong>. In addition, the new<br />

antibody formats have biophysical features which<br />

are different from the classical monoclonal full-size<br />

antibodies or Fc fusion proteins, and thus constitute<br />

new formulation challenges. This symposium will<br />

provide overview <strong>of</strong> next generation biologics and<br />

discuss general considerations for how to conduct<br />

preclinical pharmacology and safety studies for<br />

these novel unconventional biotherapeutics, how<br />

to translate these findings into clinic, and how to<br />

formulate and bioanalytically characterize these<br />

molecules. Case examples and shared learnings will<br />

be discussed.<br />

MODERATORS<br />

Vladimir Vexler, Ph.D.<br />

H<strong>of</strong>fmann-La Roche<br />

Boris Gorovits, Ph.D.<br />

Pfizer Inc.<br />

Overview <strong>of</strong> Tandab Platform<br />

Eugene Zhukovsky, Ph.D.<br />

Affimed<br />

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations to Aid<br />

the Development <strong>of</strong> Novel Antibody Drug<br />

Conjugates<br />

Frank Barletta, Ph.D.<br />

Pfizer Inc.<br />

Overview and Comparison <strong>of</strong><br />

Immunogenicity Evaluation for a<br />

Conjugated or Multi-domain vs.<br />

Typical Biologic<br />

Boris Gorovits, Ph.D.<br />

Pfizer Inc.<br />

Development <strong>of</strong> Therapeutic Monoclonal<br />

Antibodies and Antibody Alternatives: An<br />

FDA Perspective<br />

Barbara Rellahan, M.S., Ph.D.<br />

U.S. Food and Drug Administration<br />

WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON SYMPOSIA<br />

SUPPORTED BY AN EDUCATIONAL GRANT FROM<br />

1:30 PM–4:00 PM<br />

Biomarkers <strong>of</strong> CNS Function:<br />

From Mice to Man<br />

SYMPOSIUM<br />

More in-depth understanding the biological<br />

mechanisms underlying the pharmacokinetic- and<br />

pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) relationships <strong>of</strong> CNS<br />

active drugs is <strong>of</strong> importance for the development<br />

<strong>of</strong> treatments with improved safety and efficacy<br />

in CNS diseases. To that end, a mechanism-based<br />

approach should be used that includes specific<br />

expressions to describe target site distribution,<br />

target binding, target activation, and signal<br />

transduction. As for a CNS drug the target site<br />

kinetics may be distinctively different from plasma<br />

kinetics, it is important to obtain specific data on<br />

this. This directly points to the problem that such<br />

information cannot be obtained from humans. It is<br />

anticipated that the use <strong>of</strong> translational approaches<br />

provides the way to go. CNS target site kinetics<br />

can be measured in rats using microdialysis, while<br />

plasma biomarkers <strong>of</strong> specific CNS activity can be<br />

obtained from both rats and human blood sampling.<br />

Subsequent mechanism-based PK-PD modeling<br />

can be applied to the rat data. Using allometric<br />

scaling and independent information on the values<br />

<strong>of</strong> biological system specific parameters as prior<br />

knowledge, predictions <strong>of</strong> the human plasma<br />

biomarker kinetics can be made. The validity <strong>of</strong> such<br />

predictions can be tested on the basis <strong>of</strong> the data<br />

obtained from humans.<br />

MODERATORS<br />

Elizabeth C. De Lange, Ph.D.<br />

Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research<br />

Donald E. Mager, Pharm.D., Ph.D.<br />

University <strong>of</strong> Buffalo<br />

2012 AAPS Annual Meeting and Exposition 33


BIOTECHNOLOGY (BIOTEC)<br />

Scaling Pharmacodynamics from In Vitro<br />

and Preclinical Animal Studies to Humans<br />

Donald Mager, Pharm.D., Ph.D.<br />

University <strong>of</strong> Buffalo<br />

Quantitative Microdialysis to Assess<br />

Target Site Kinetics and CNS Functionality<br />

Biomarkers<br />

Thomas Cremers, Ph.D.<br />

Brains-OnLine LLC<br />

Model-based Translation <strong>of</strong> Pharmacology<br />

in Support <strong>of</strong> Rational Drug Discovery:<br />

Principles, Challenges and Case Examples<br />

Patrick Trapa, Ph.D.<br />

Pfizer Inc.<br />

Mechanism-based PK-PD Model for the<br />

Prolactin Biological System Response<br />

following a Dopamine Inhibition<br />

Challenge: Quantitative Extrapolation<br />

to Humans<br />

Elizabeth C. De Lange, Ph.D.<br />

Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research<br />

1:30 PM–4:00 PM<br />

From a Monomer to an Aggregate:<br />

Models, Challenges and Case<br />

Studies for Prediction <strong>of</strong> Protein<br />

Aggregation In Solution<br />

SYMPOSIUM<br />

In protein solutions, the assembly <strong>of</strong> the monomer<br />

over time, even under non-denaturing and<br />

physiologically relevant solution conditions, is<br />

one <strong>of</strong> the major concerns especially when it<br />

results in the formation <strong>of</strong> irreversible aggregates.<br />

Ensuring long-term stability <strong>of</strong> the protein in<br />

solution against aggregation for the duration <strong>of</strong><br />

its shelf-life is critical and requires an in-depth<br />

understanding <strong>of</strong> the multitude <strong>of</strong> variables involved<br />

viz. protein concentration, solution conditions<br />

including temperature, pH and excipients, surface<br />

and interfacial stresses, impurities, processing<br />

variables etc. While real-time storage stability data<br />

under intended storage conditions is necessary<br />

to justify the storage shelf-life for the commercial<br />

product, methodologies for the prediction <strong>of</strong> the<br />

aggregation propensity <strong>of</strong> a protein monomer in<br />

solution are indispensable during preclinical and<br />

clinical formulation development. To this end,<br />

recent advances in sequence based analysis <strong>of</strong><br />

aggregation propensity and an understanding <strong>of</strong><br />

weak intermolecular interaction in protein solutions,<br />

especially at high protein concentrations, have<br />

shown immense promise in improving the current<br />

capabilities for predicting protein aggregation in<br />

solution. Moreover, under circumstances wherein<br />

multiple formulation and process attributes need to<br />

be optimized along with protein aggregation (e.g.<br />

chemical stability, solution viscosity, appearance,<br />

manufacturing process etc.), it’s just not enough<br />

to characterize a formulation qualitatively with<br />

respect to aggregation propensity. Under these<br />

circumstances, a decent quantitative estimate<br />

<strong>of</strong> the rates <strong>of</strong> aggregation under refrigerated<br />

storage conditions must be made from high<br />

temperature, and relatively faster, stress studies.<br />

This session will focus on the predictive approaches<br />

34<br />

PRELIMINARY PROGRAM<br />

and models currently available as well as being<br />

developed for protein aggregation prediction.<br />

The challenges associated with these approaches,<br />

given the complexity <strong>of</strong> the protein aggregation<br />

process, and the case studies highlighting the<br />

utility <strong>of</strong> the predictive approach will be presented.<br />

Specifically, the session will focus on: theoretical/<br />

sequence based prediction <strong>of</strong> protein aggregation<br />

propensity; prediction <strong>of</strong> aggregation rate: modeling<br />

and kinetics; weak molecular interactions in high<br />

concentration protein solutions as predictors <strong>of</strong><br />

protein aggregation; and real-life examples on<br />

application <strong>of</strong> predictive tools in aggregation from<br />

industry perspective (e.g. setting specifications and<br />

regulatory aspects). The talks will address multiple<br />

aspects <strong>of</strong> the issue <strong>of</strong> protein aggregation and<br />

approaches to better understand the mechanism <strong>of</strong><br />

and predicting protein aggregation in solution.<br />

MODERATOR<br />

Atul Saluja, Ph.D., M.Pharm<br />

Bristol-Myers Squibb Company<br />

Predicting Aggregation-prone Regions <strong>of</strong><br />

Proteins through Molecular Modeling<br />

Naresh Chennamsetty, Ph.D.<br />

Bristol-Myers Squibb Company<br />

Assessing the Relative Contributions <strong>of</strong><br />

Repulsive and Attractive Intermolecular<br />

Interactions to Protein Aggregation in<br />

Concentrated Solution<br />

Allen P. Minton, Ph.D.<br />

National Institutes <strong>of</strong> Health<br />

From Dimers to Particles: Kinetics and<br />

Non-specific Interactions<br />

Chris J. Roberts, Ph.D.<br />

University <strong>of</strong> Delaware<br />

Significance <strong>of</strong> Unfolding<br />

Thermodynamics in Predicting Protein<br />

Aggregation Kinetics: A Case Study at<br />

High Protein Concentration<br />

Atul Saluja, Ph.D., M.Pharm<br />

Bristol-Myers Squibb Company<br />

WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON ROUNDTABLE<br />

SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />

2:00 PM–4:00 PM<br />

Emerging Platforms for<br />

Immunogenicity and Quantitative<br />

Assays<br />

ROUNDTABLE<br />

Several new technical platforms have been<br />

introduced to the analytical field recently. These<br />

platforms include, but are not limited to Gyros, fortebio,<br />

Singulex, MSD and Chimera. New platforms are<br />

<strong>of</strong>ten developed to overcome technical challenges,<br />

provide improved efficiency, improved sensitivity, or<br />

to <strong>of</strong>fer the end-user greater flexibility. Wide-range<br />

adoption <strong>of</strong> new technology can be hampered by<br />

the significant monetary investment required for a<br />

relatively unknown entity. Without the support <strong>of</strong><br />

published data, it can be difficult to make such an<br />

investment. The importance <strong>of</strong> improved technology<br />

cannot be overlooked as it may hold a key to<br />

driving the industry forward by gaining efficiency<br />

and improving the level and specificity <strong>of</strong> analyte<br />

detection. The objective <strong>of</strong> this roundtable is to<br />

more deeply explore recently emerging technical<br />

platforms. Four different technical platforms will<br />

be presented and for each, the presenter will share<br />

experiences as they relate to immunogenicity and/<br />

or quantitative assays. Speakers will briefly discuss<br />

the underlying platform principle and share data<br />

generated in their laboratory. The presenters will<br />

also discuss what they have found to be both<br />

benefits and challenges <strong>of</strong> the platform associated<br />

with particular assay types. A brief presentation<br />

on strategies for advancing new technologies<br />

to regulatory agencies will also be included. The<br />

remaining time will be reserved for an interactive<br />

discussion among audience members and panelists.<br />

MODERATOR<br />

Valerie Theobald<br />

Genzyme, A San<strong>of</strong>i Company<br />

Advancing New Technologies through to<br />

Agency Approval<br />

Marian Kelley, M.S.<br />

MKelley Consulting LLC<br />

Application <strong>of</strong> Singulex and Gyrlob<br />

Technologies to Immunogenicity and<br />

Quantitative Analysis<br />

Boris Gorovits, Ph.D.<br />

Pfizer Inc.<br />

LC/MS and Immuno-PCR Technologies<br />

for Immunogenicity and Biotherapeutic<br />

Quantitation Applications<br />

An Song, Ph.D.<br />

Genentech, Inc.


THURSDAY, OCTOBER 18<br />

THURSDAY MORNING SUNRISE SESSIONS<br />

7:00 AM–8:15 AM<br />

Personalized Medicine: Bring Your<br />

Birth Weight<br />

SUNRISE SESSION<br />

The emerging science <strong>of</strong> ‘developmental origins <strong>of</strong><br />

health and disease’ inversely correlates birth weight<br />

to the adulthood incidence <strong>of</strong> metabolic syndrome.<br />

Specifically, low birth weight is a strong predictor<br />

<strong>of</strong> incidence <strong>of</strong> hypertension, hyperlipidemia,<br />

diabetes mellitus, and obesity during adulthood.<br />

Studies carried out in animal models mechanistically<br />

link this inverse correlation to morphological<br />

and physiological alterations in various organs<br />

including kidneys and liver. Pharmacotherapeutic<br />

strategies to treat metabolic syndrome, however,<br />

do not consider alterations in kidneys and liver<br />

which play an important role in determining drug<br />

pharmacokinetics. This sunrise session will focus on<br />

presenting data from literature on morphological<br />

and physiological changes in various organs and<br />

how those changes could impact pharmacokinetic<br />

processes and subsequently pharmacotherapies.<br />

The first speaker will cover the existing literature<br />

data from human subjects. The second speaker<br />

will present animal model data from literature as<br />

well as their own laboratory relevant to the field <strong>of</strong><br />

developmental origins <strong>of</strong> health and disease. Birth<br />

weight is an economical and accessible marker. In<br />

conjunction with other patient-specific data such as<br />

body weight, height, BMI, ethnicity, race, genotype,<br />

etc., birth weight will inform researchers in the<br />

field and healthcare providers to design optimal<br />

pharmacotherapeutic strategies.<br />

MODERATOR<br />

Ganesh Cherala, Ph.D.<br />

Oregon State University<br />

Fetal Programming, Health through Life<br />

and Lifespan<br />

David J. Barker, Ph.D., M.D.<br />

University <strong>of</strong> Southampton<br />

Fetal Programming and Clinical<br />

Pharmacology<br />

Julie R. Ingelfinger, M.D.<br />

Harvard Medical School<br />

Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Drug<br />

Pharmacokinetics in Adulthood<br />

Ganesh Cherala, Ph.D.<br />

Oregon State University<br />

7:00 AM–8:15 AM<br />

Biosimilars Development:<br />

CMC, Preclinical, and Clinical<br />

Considerations<br />

BIOTECHNOLOGY (BIOTEC)<br />

SUNRISE SESSION<br />

Biosimilars, also referred to as follow-on protein<br />

products in the U.S., can be defined as <strong>biotec</strong>h<br />

drugs that have been shown to have comparable<br />

quality, safety and efficacy to the original product.<br />

Unlike traditional small molecule generics, the<br />

task <strong>of</strong> developing and approving a follow-on<br />

biologic is very challenging as a number <strong>of</strong> CMC,<br />

preclinical and clinical considerations need to be<br />

taken into account including: biosimilars are larger<br />

and more complex molecules with associated<br />

structural heterogeneities and therefore cannot<br />

be completely characterized analytically; minor<br />

changes in manufacturing process have been<br />

known to cause significant change in efficacy or<br />

immunogenicity <strong>of</strong> the drug in the clinic; and the<br />

exact manner in which the numerous product<br />

quality attributes <strong>of</strong> a biosimilar impact the<br />

safety and efficacy <strong>of</strong> the product in the clinic<br />

is generally not known completely. In particular,<br />

immunogenicity assessments <strong>of</strong> novel and biosimilar<br />

products still heavily depend on clinical studies.<br />

Capital investments (including the operating costs)<br />

associated with manufacturing <strong>of</strong> biosimilars along<br />

with the risk <strong>of</strong> failure for biosimilars are significantly<br />

higher than that for small molecule generics. The<br />

result is a relatively smaller discount for biosimilars<br />

compared to the small molecule generics. These and<br />

other development challenges will be addressed in<br />

this session.<br />

MODERATOR<br />

Kavitha Koushik, Ph.D.<br />

Alvogen Inc.<br />

Biosimilars: Regulatory Challenges<br />

Vijay Tammara, Ph.D.<br />

Nuron Biotech<br />

Characterization <strong>of</strong> Biopharmaceuticals or<br />

Follow-on Biologics<br />

William Bakewell, Ph.D.<br />

PPD Development, LLC<br />

THURSDAY MORNING ROUNDTABLE<br />

9:00 AM–11:00 AM<br />

Problems and Solutions for<br />

Manufacturing Therapeutic<br />

Proteins<br />

ROUNDTABLE<br />

The talks and panel discussion in this session will be<br />

focused on a variety <strong>of</strong> challenging problems and<br />

solutions for practical production <strong>of</strong> therapeutic<br />

proteins, including monoclonal antibodies and other<br />

protein drugs. These will include, but not limited to,<br />

the new production technologies to more efficiently<br />

produce the proteins in large-scale, to thermally<br />

stabilize the protein drugs, and to extend their<br />

circulatory half-lives.<br />

MODERATOR<br />

Chang-Guo Zhan, Ph.D.<br />

University <strong>of</strong> Kentucky<br />

Challenges for Manufacturing Therapeutic<br />

Proteins<br />

Chang-Guo Zhan, Ph.D.<br />

University <strong>of</strong> Kentucky<br />

2012 AAPS Annual Meeting and Exposition 35

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