biotechnology (biotec) - American Association of Pharmaceutical ...
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BIOTECHNOLOGY (BIOTEC)<br />
MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY<br />
MONDAY MORNING ROUNDTABLES AND<br />
MINI-SYMPOSIA ARE SUPPORTED BY A<br />
GRANT FROM<br />
8:00 AM–10:00 AM<br />
Outcomes <strong>of</strong> the Global Bioanalysis<br />
Consortium’s International Conference:<br />
Review <strong>of</strong> the Proposals<br />
ROUNDTABLE<br />
MONDAY AFTERNOON SYMPOSIA ARE<br />
SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />
1:30 PM–4:00 PM<br />
Intracellular Signaling by Flow Cytometry:<br />
A Critical New Flow Cytometry Application<br />
for Drug Development<br />
SYMPOSIUM<br />
Manufacturing, Formulation and Analytical<br />
Challenges and Strategies for Biosimilars<br />
SYMPOSIUM<br />
5:00 PM–7:30 PM<br />
AAPS BIOTEC Section Joint Membership<br />
Meeting and Reception<br />
30<br />
PRELIMINARY PROGRAM<br />
TUESDAY MORNING SUNRISE SESSIONS ARE<br />
SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />
7:00 AM–8:15 AM<br />
Personalized Medicine 101<br />
SUNRISE SESSION<br />
8:30 AM–11:00 AM<br />
Graduate Student Symposium in<br />
Biotechnology (BIOTEC)<br />
SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />
TUESDAY MORNING ROUNDTABLES<br />
SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />
9:00 AM–11:00 AM<br />
Emerging Biosimilar Strategy and<br />
Challenges: Unique Aspects and Key<br />
Contrasts to Comparability, other Follow<br />
on Biotherapeutic Strategies, and Small<br />
Molecule Generics<br />
ROUNDTABLE<br />
2:00 PM–4:00 PM<br />
Biologics and Biosimilars Development and<br />
Approval in Emerging Markets<br />
ROUNDTABLE<br />
7:00 AM–8:15 AM<br />
PGx Today: What Do We Know?<br />
SUNRISE SESSION<br />
8:30 AM–11:00 AM<br />
Next Generation Biologics<br />
SYMPOSIUM<br />
WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON SYMPOSIA ARE<br />
SUPPORTED BY AN EDUCATIONAL GRANT<br />
FROM<br />
1:30 PM–4:00 PM<br />
Biomarkers <strong>of</strong> CNS Function: From Mice<br />
to Man<br />
SYMPOSIUM<br />
From a Monomer to an Aggregate: Models,<br />
Challenges and Case Studies for Prediction<br />
<strong>of</strong> Protein Aggregation In Solution<br />
SYMPOSIUM<br />
WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON ROUNDTABLES<br />
ARE SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />
2:00 PM–4:00 PM<br />
Emerging Platforms for Immunogenicity<br />
and Quantitative Assays<br />
ROUNDTABLE<br />
AT-A-GLANCE<br />
7:00 AM–8:15 AM<br />
Personalized Medicine: Bring Your Birth<br />
Weight<br />
SUNRISE SESSION<br />
Biosimilars Development: CMC, Preclinical,<br />
and Clinical Considerations<br />
SUNRISE SESSION<br />
9:00 AM–11:00 AM<br />
Problems and Solutions for Manufacturing<br />
Therapeutic Proteins<br />
ROUNDTABLE
MONDAY, OCTOBER 15<br />
MONDAY MORNING ROUNDTABLE<br />
SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />
8:00 AM–10:00 AM<br />
Outcomes <strong>of</strong> the Global Bioanalysis<br />
Consortium’s International<br />
Conference: Review <strong>of</strong> the<br />
Proposals<br />
ROUNDTABLE<br />
Currently, regulatory differences between regions<br />
and countries requires additional work or are in<br />
conflict; resulting with unneeded hurdles to the<br />
bioanalytical community in using its work and<br />
output in filings around the globe. To address this, in<br />
September 2012, the Global Bioanalysis Consortium<br />
(GBC) is holding an international conference where<br />
proposals for harmonized bioanalytical regulations<br />
will be presented to the scientific, quality assurance,<br />
academic and regulatory communities. This<br />
roundtable, occurring just three weeks later, will<br />
present the significant outcomes <strong>of</strong> the meeting<br />
and describe the content <strong>of</strong> the discussions so<br />
that scientists who could not attend will be able<br />
to understand the drivers that went into the final<br />
proposals. An FDA representative will present some<br />
early reflections on the recommendations. As it<br />
writes the white paper outcome <strong>of</strong> the conference,<br />
input from the audience will be sought as feedback<br />
to the GBC.<br />
MODERATORS<br />
Mark E. Arnold, Ph.D.<br />
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company<br />
Fabio Gar<strong>of</strong>olo, Ph.D.<br />
Algorithme Pharma Inc.<br />
Significant Outcomes for Immuno Assays,<br />
Biomarkers and some Common Themes<br />
Binodh S. DeSilva, Ph.D.<br />
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company<br />
Significant Outcomes for<br />
Chromatographic Assays and some<br />
Common Themes<br />
Eric N. Fluhler, Ph.D.<br />
Pfizer Inc.<br />
Regulatory Perspectives: Where Do We<br />
Go from Here<br />
Brian P. Booth, Ph.D.<br />
U.S. Food and Drug Administration<br />
MONDAY AFTERNOON SYMPOSIA<br />
SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />
BIOTECHNOLOGY (BIOTEC)<br />
1:30 PM–4:00 PM<br />
Intracellular Signaling by Flow<br />
Cytometry: A Critical New Flow<br />
Cytometry Application for Drug<br />
Development<br />
SYMPOSIUM<br />
The detection <strong>of</strong> intracellular signaling events such<br />
as protein phosphorylation by flow cytometry<br />
(PhosphFlow) compared to gel techniques<br />
has revolutionized signaling biology and drug<br />
development. PhosphFlow allows for the detection<br />
<strong>of</strong> specific protein phosphorylation in intact cells<br />
combined with the detection <strong>of</strong> other intracellular<br />
proteins and cell surface markers. This approach<br />
holds enormous promise in a variety <strong>of</strong> therapeutic<br />
areas, in particular, oncology, as pathway specific<br />
mutations can be defined. Further the specific<br />
effect <strong>of</strong> a drug or mutation on a pathway or<br />
pathway “nodes” (areas where pathways converge<br />
or diverge) can be identified. The purpose <strong>of</strong><br />
this session will be to discuss the challenges <strong>of</strong><br />
implementing robust PhosphFlow assays, such as<br />
reagent verification, buffer optimization, specimen<br />
stability, and analysis s<strong>of</strong>tware. This symposium<br />
would provide an open forum discussing not only<br />
the challenges, but how people have been able to<br />
overcome these challenges as well.<br />
MODERATORS<br />
Peter O’Brien, Ph.D.<br />
Pfizer Inc.<br />
Virginia M. Litwin, Ph.D.<br />
Covance, Inc.<br />
Intracellular Signaling by Flow<br />
Cytometry: Overview<br />
Omar D. Perez, Ph.D.<br />
Tocagen Inc.<br />
Steps to Success in Cell Signaling<br />
Cytometry<br />
Lisa J. Green, M.S.<br />
Covance, Inc.<br />
Thinking IN the Box: Development,<br />
Optimization and Validation <strong>of</strong> Cell<br />
Signaling Assay for Longitudinal<br />
Clinical Trials<br />
Leanne Flye-Blakemore, M.S.<br />
LabCorp Clinical Trials<br />
Utilization <strong>of</strong> Single Cell Network Pr<strong>of</strong>iling<br />
to Build and Validate Multivariate Models<br />
for the Prediction <strong>of</strong> Response to Therapy<br />
for Pediatric Leukemia<br />
Urte Gayko, Ph.D.<br />
Nodality Inc.<br />
1:30 PM–4:00 PM<br />
Manufacturing, Formulation<br />
and Analytical Challenges and<br />
Strategies for Biosimilars<br />
SYMPOSIUM<br />
The patent expirations <strong>of</strong> biopharmaceutical<br />
products have initiated the introduction <strong>of</strong> a new<br />
generation <strong>of</strong> drugs, called ‘Biosimilars’ (followon<br />
products to marketed biological medicines).<br />
Biosimilars are highly similar structurally but not<br />
identical to the original biopharmaceutical products.<br />
Due to their large size and complex structure,<br />
production <strong>of</strong> biopharmaceutical requires a<br />
complex manufacturing and quality control process.<br />
Also, they are highly sensitive to variations <strong>of</strong> the<br />
production process. Unlike generic versions <strong>of</strong><br />
small-molecule-drugs, biosimilars require extensive<br />
characterization and verifications to determine the<br />
efficacy, immunogenicity and bioequivalence to the<br />
original biopharmaceutical product. This symposium<br />
will discuss the challenges the pharmaceutical<br />
industry is facing in manufacturing, characterization<br />
and demonstrating comparability.<br />
MODERATORS<br />
Arya P. Jayatilaka, Ph.D.<br />
Pfizer Inc.<br />
Ruta Waghmare, Ph.D.<br />
EMD Millipore Corporation<br />
Biosimilars: Key Aspects in Technical<br />
Development<br />
Carol Kirchh<strong>of</strong>f, Ph.D.<br />
Pfizer Inc.<br />
Similarities and Differences in the Process<br />
Development Cycle<br />
Neil Schauer, Ph.D.<br />
Hospira, Inc.<br />
Challenges in Demonstrating Biosimilarity<br />
to a Reference Product<br />
Speaker to be Determined<br />
Analytical Characterization <strong>of</strong><br />
Biopharmaceuticals in the Determination<br />
<strong>of</strong> Biosimilarity<br />
Graham Jones, D.Sc.<br />
Northeastern University<br />
JOINT MEMBERSHIP MEETING<br />
AND RECEPTION<br />
5:00 PM–7:30 PM<br />
AAPS Biotechnology (BIOTEC)<br />
Section Joint Membership Meeting<br />
and Reception<br />
2012 AAPS Annual Meeting and Exposition 31
BIOTECHNOLOGY (BIOTEC)<br />
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 16<br />
TUESDAY MORNING SUNRISE SESSION<br />
SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />
7:00 AM–8:15 AM<br />
Personalized Medicine 101<br />
SUNRISE SESSION<br />
Personalized Medicine is the tailoring <strong>of</strong> therapies<br />
to individuals or sub-populations <strong>of</strong> individuals<br />
and is gaining popularity with the advances in the<br />
fields <strong>of</strong> diagnostics, biomarkers and genomics.<br />
Examples <strong>of</strong> personalized medicine include but<br />
are not limited to Warfarin (small molecule —<br />
anticoagulant), Herceptin ® (biologic — cancer<br />
monoclonal antibody), and the more recently<br />
approved Provenge ® (cancer vaccine for prostate<br />
cancer). The advancement <strong>of</strong> personalized<br />
medicine is dependent on a number <strong>of</strong> players —<br />
pharmaceutical and <strong>biotec</strong>h companies, diagnostic<br />
companies, researchers, clinicians, information<br />
technology managers, healthcare providers,<br />
laboratories, policymakers and payers. This sunrise<br />
session will cater to the science, promise and<br />
challenges in the field <strong>of</strong> personalized medicine.<br />
MODERATORS<br />
Nisha Nanaware, M.Pharm.<br />
University <strong>of</strong> Arkansas<br />
Lavinia M. Lewis, Ph.D.<br />
Pfizer Inc.<br />
Personalized Medicine: An Overview<br />
Wolfgang Sadee, Ph.D.<br />
Ohio State University<br />
Challenges in Manufacturing Personalized<br />
Cellular Therapies<br />
Tamara T. Monesmith, M.S.<br />
Argos Therapeutics<br />
GRADUATE STUDENT SYMPOSIUM<br />
8:30 AM–11:00 AM<br />
Graduate Student Symposium in<br />
Biotechnology (BIOTEC)<br />
SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />
32<br />
PRELIMINARY PROGRAM<br />
TUESDAY MORNING ROUNDTABLE<br />
SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />
9:00 AM–11:00 AM<br />
Emerging Biosimilar Strategy<br />
and Challenges: Unique<br />
Aspects and Key Contrasts to<br />
Comparability, other Follow on<br />
Biotherapeutic Strategies, and<br />
Small Molecule Generics<br />
ROUNDTABLE<br />
This roundtable will focus on the unique aspects<br />
<strong>of</strong> biosimilar strategy with a focus on key contrasts<br />
to comparability, other follow on biotherapeutic<br />
strategies (such as biobetters), and small<br />
molecule generics. Biosimilarity is focused on the<br />
development <strong>of</strong> a biosimilar product that is “similar”<br />
to an externally marketed biotherapeutic drug<br />
product with plans to license (bring to market)<br />
the biosimilar when the original product loses<br />
its patent exclusivity. There are several recent<br />
biosimilar guidances in process and guidance<br />
updates (especially in the emerging markets).<br />
Comparability, due to manufacturing changes with<br />
an internal product, has a large impact on internal<br />
drug development programs resulting sometimes<br />
in delays or in requirements to resubmit as a new<br />
drug product. However, while biosimilarity and<br />
comparability share a goal <strong>of</strong> comparing two (or<br />
more) products the overall strategies and study<br />
design optimizations are different. The aim <strong>of</strong> this<br />
roundtable is to briefly recap some <strong>of</strong> the key<br />
discussion points regarding biosimilarity issues over<br />
the last several years (with a focus on nonclinical<br />
and clinical assessments) and to bring forward<br />
discussions on common issues and key differences<br />
with comparability and biobetters. The key issues<br />
<strong>of</strong> biosimilar strategy for a biotherapeutics product<br />
will also be contrasted to that for a small molecule<br />
generic. This is important as even the words<br />
biosimilarity, comparability, biobetters, and generics<br />
have become mingled in discussions on biosimilars.<br />
This roundtable will provide opportunities for<br />
AAPS attendees to discuss/debate nonclinical and<br />
clinical issues focused on the topics below. I.) To<br />
briefly recap recent development strategies for<br />
biosimilarity. II.) Key regulatory differences between<br />
biosimilarity, comparability, and biobetters based<br />
on guidances and overall study objectives (with a<br />
brief overview <strong>of</strong> differences with small molecule<br />
generics). III.) To understand the overlapping<br />
scientific discussions that impact biosimilarity,<br />
comparability, and biobetters such as: choice <strong>of</strong><br />
key parameters for assessment; incorporating ADA<br />
considerations in the study design; considerations<br />
for TMD; utilization <strong>of</strong> PD endpoints; incorporation<br />
<strong>of</strong> Modeling and Simulation in study design setup;<br />
utilization <strong>of</strong> historical data in assessments; setting<br />
<strong>of</strong> guideposts (90% CI: 80 — 125 only?), and<br />
power calculations; and optimization <strong>of</strong> the use <strong>of</strong><br />
preclinical species. IV.) To understanding the key<br />
differences between biosimilarity, comparability,<br />
and biobetter studies particularly around utilization,<br />
design and interpretation <strong>of</strong> nonclinical studies<br />
and the need for and design/optimization <strong>of</strong><br />
clinical studies.<br />
MODERATORS<br />
Susan I. Hurst, R.Ph., Ph.D.<br />
Pfizer Inc.<br />
Shefali Kakar, Ph.D.<br />
Novartis <strong>Pharmaceutical</strong>s Corporation<br />
Biosimilars, Biobetters, and Comparability<br />
Assessments: Strategies and Challenges<br />
Shefali Kakar, Ph.D.<br />
Novartis <strong>Pharmaceutical</strong>s Corporation<br />
Developing an Integrated Approach to<br />
Global Biosimilar Development Programs<br />
Deepa Deshpande, Ph.D., RAC<br />
Universal Regulatory Inc.<br />
Biosimilar Development: A <strong>Pharmaceutical</strong><br />
Industry Perspective<br />
Michael Corbo, Ph.D.<br />
Pfizer Inc.<br />
TUESDAY AFTERNOON ROUNDTABLE<br />
SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />
2:00 PM–4:00 PM<br />
Biologics and Biosimilars<br />
Development and Approval in<br />
Emerging Markets<br />
ROUNDTABLE<br />
Biologics continue to attract increasing attention <strong>of</strong><br />
all major pharmaceutical companies globally year<br />
after year since the new millennium. The global<br />
biosimilars market has also continued to grow at<br />
an impressive pace and is now predicted to reach<br />
about $20 billion by 2014 (i.e. growing annually at<br />
about 89% from 2009 to 2014). Asia in particular<br />
has been a major growth region for biosimilars,<br />
largely due to relatively early commercialization<br />
and high acceptance rate <strong>of</strong> biosimilar products<br />
in several populous Asian countries. While the<br />
United States is the second-largest global market<br />
are predicted to catch up soon and become the<br />
dominant market by 2014 thanks to the recent<br />
U.S. legislation and market opening for biosimilars<br />
since 2010, Asia continues to dominate the<br />
biosimilars market for now with about 34% share<br />
<strong>of</strong> the global market in 2008 and continuing to<br />
grow. In the meantime, the Asia biosimilars market<br />
appears highly fragmented with a handful <strong>of</strong> major<br />
biopharmaceutical companies making most <strong>of</strong> the<br />
market share (e.g. Biocon, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories,<br />
LG LifeSciences, Green Cross, Ranbaxy, Kexing,<br />
Celgen, Sandoz, Teva, Wockhardt). The regulatory<br />
pathways and filing requirements for biosimilars also<br />
vary from country to country. In this roundtable, an<br />
overview <strong>of</strong> global biologics and biosimilars pipeline<br />
and market trend will be presented, followed by<br />
discussions <strong>of</strong> industry perspectives in several major<br />
emerging markets, China, Korea, and India. A panel<br />
discussion will also be held with all the invited<br />
expert speakers.
MODERATORS<br />
Qiang Ye, Ph.D.<br />
<strong>Pharmaceutical</strong> Development<br />
Yining Zhao, Ph.D.<br />
Pfizer Inc.<br />
Multi-national Companies’ Perspectives<br />
on Developing Biosimilars in Emerging<br />
Markets<br />
Yining Zhao, Ph.D.<br />
Pfizer Inc.<br />
Opportunities and Obstacles to Develop<br />
Biologics in China<br />
Chris Chen, Ph.D.<br />
WuXi AppTec Co.<br />
Current Status and Future Outlook for<br />
India’s Biosimilar Development and<br />
Approval<br />
Cartikeya Reddy, Ph.D.<br />
Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories<br />
WEDNESDAY,<br />
OCTOBER 17<br />
WEDNESDAY MORNING SUNRISE SESSION<br />
7:00 AM–8:15 AM<br />
PGx Today: What Do We Know?<br />
SUNRISE SESSION<br />
Pharmacogenomics is the study <strong>of</strong> variations <strong>of</strong><br />
DNA and RNA characteristics as related to drug<br />
response. This session will address the following<br />
considerations: 1. how to relate phenotype to<br />
genotype, 2. how to use PGx information to identify<br />
novel drug targets for drug development, and 3. how<br />
to apply PGx information to explain or predict the<br />
role <strong>of</strong> genetic variability in drug efficacy and toxicity.<br />
The session will also provide a number <strong>of</strong> examples<br />
for the application <strong>of</strong> PGx in clinical practice.<br />
MODERATORS<br />
Shashi Amur, Ph.D.<br />
U.S. Food and Drug Administration<br />
Li Zhang, Ph.D., M.D.<br />
U.S. Food and Drug Administration<br />
PGx Today: What Do We Know?<br />
Shashi Amur, Ph.D.<br />
U.S. Food and Drug Administration<br />
Progress in PGx and its Promise for<br />
Medicine<br />
Li Zhang, Ph.D., M.D.<br />
U.S. Food and Drug Administration<br />
WEDNESDAY MORNING SYMPOSIUM<br />
8:30 AM–11:00 AM<br />
Next Generation Biologics<br />
BIOTECHNOLOGY (BIOTEC)<br />
SYMPOSIUM<br />
Antibody-based biotherapeutics currently enjoy<br />
unprecedented success, growth and recognition <strong>of</strong><br />
their potential. Almost all FDA-approved therapeutic<br />
antibodies and the vast majority <strong>of</strong> those in clinical<br />
trials are full-size bivalent monoclonal antibodies<br />
(mAbs) mostly in IgG1 format <strong>of</strong> about 150 kDa<br />
size. This success and enthusiasm in the drug<br />
development community can be largely explained<br />
by the properties <strong>of</strong> antibodies: their exquisite<br />
binding specificity and low intrinsic toxicity. A<br />
fundamental problem for such large molecules<br />
is their poor penetration into tissues and poor or<br />
absent binding to regions on the surface <strong>of</strong> some<br />
molecules that are only accessible by molecules<br />
<strong>of</strong> smaller size. In addition, for certain applications<br />
it is desirable to increase the potency <strong>of</strong> mAbs or<br />
deliver them locally. Advances in protein engineering<br />
have led to the generation <strong>of</strong> a number <strong>of</strong> antibody<br />
derivatives and various scaffold proteins, which<br />
due to their smaller size can be beneficial in various<br />
aspects such as immunogenicity, biodistribution,<br />
renal clearance, and tissue penetration. Several<br />
approaches are being evaluated to improve the<br />
potency by the linkage <strong>of</strong> mAbs to highly cytotoxic<br />
drugs (antibody-drug conjugates, ADC), by<br />
engineering antibodies with dual specificity (bispecific)<br />
or by enhancing antibody effector function<br />
by engaging T cells and effector cells using bispecific<br />
T cell engagers (BiTE ® ) or glycoengineered<br />
antibodies. Due to their smaller size (e.g.,<br />
nanobodies), format (e.g., ADC), or pharmacology<br />
(e.g., bi-specific, glycoengineered), the next<br />
generation biologics present unusual nonclinical and<br />
clinical challenges. Evaluation <strong>of</strong> the immunogenicity<br />
responses to such molecules presents additional<br />
challenges due to, for example, the need to identify<br />
specificity <strong>of</strong> the anti-drug antibody responses to a<br />
particular domain on the biotherapeutic molecule<br />
and significance there<strong>of</strong>. In addition, the new<br />
antibody formats have biophysical features which<br />
are different from the classical monoclonal full-size<br />
antibodies or Fc fusion proteins, and thus constitute<br />
new formulation challenges. This symposium will<br />
provide overview <strong>of</strong> next generation biologics and<br />
discuss general considerations for how to conduct<br />
preclinical pharmacology and safety studies for<br />
these novel unconventional biotherapeutics, how<br />
to translate these findings into clinic, and how to<br />
formulate and bioanalytically characterize these<br />
molecules. Case examples and shared learnings will<br />
be discussed.<br />
MODERATORS<br />
Vladimir Vexler, Ph.D.<br />
H<strong>of</strong>fmann-La Roche<br />
Boris Gorovits, Ph.D.<br />
Pfizer Inc.<br />
Overview <strong>of</strong> Tandab Platform<br />
Eugene Zhukovsky, Ph.D.<br />
Affimed<br />
In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations to Aid<br />
the Development <strong>of</strong> Novel Antibody Drug<br />
Conjugates<br />
Frank Barletta, Ph.D.<br />
Pfizer Inc.<br />
Overview and Comparison <strong>of</strong><br />
Immunogenicity Evaluation for a<br />
Conjugated or Multi-domain vs.<br />
Typical Biologic<br />
Boris Gorovits, Ph.D.<br />
Pfizer Inc.<br />
Development <strong>of</strong> Therapeutic Monoclonal<br />
Antibodies and Antibody Alternatives: An<br />
FDA Perspective<br />
Barbara Rellahan, M.S., Ph.D.<br />
U.S. Food and Drug Administration<br />
WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON SYMPOSIA<br />
SUPPORTED BY AN EDUCATIONAL GRANT FROM<br />
1:30 PM–4:00 PM<br />
Biomarkers <strong>of</strong> CNS Function:<br />
From Mice to Man<br />
SYMPOSIUM<br />
More in-depth understanding the biological<br />
mechanisms underlying the pharmacokinetic- and<br />
pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) relationships <strong>of</strong> CNS<br />
active drugs is <strong>of</strong> importance for the development<br />
<strong>of</strong> treatments with improved safety and efficacy<br />
in CNS diseases. To that end, a mechanism-based<br />
approach should be used that includes specific<br />
expressions to describe target site distribution,<br />
target binding, target activation, and signal<br />
transduction. As for a CNS drug the target site<br />
kinetics may be distinctively different from plasma<br />
kinetics, it is important to obtain specific data on<br />
this. This directly points to the problem that such<br />
information cannot be obtained from humans. It is<br />
anticipated that the use <strong>of</strong> translational approaches<br />
provides the way to go. CNS target site kinetics<br />
can be measured in rats using microdialysis, while<br />
plasma biomarkers <strong>of</strong> specific CNS activity can be<br />
obtained from both rats and human blood sampling.<br />
Subsequent mechanism-based PK-PD modeling<br />
can be applied to the rat data. Using allometric<br />
scaling and independent information on the values<br />
<strong>of</strong> biological system specific parameters as prior<br />
knowledge, predictions <strong>of</strong> the human plasma<br />
biomarker kinetics can be made. The validity <strong>of</strong> such<br />
predictions can be tested on the basis <strong>of</strong> the data<br />
obtained from humans.<br />
MODERATORS<br />
Elizabeth C. De Lange, Ph.D.<br />
Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research<br />
Donald E. Mager, Pharm.D., Ph.D.<br />
University <strong>of</strong> Buffalo<br />
2012 AAPS Annual Meeting and Exposition 33
BIOTECHNOLOGY (BIOTEC)<br />
Scaling Pharmacodynamics from In Vitro<br />
and Preclinical Animal Studies to Humans<br />
Donald Mager, Pharm.D., Ph.D.<br />
University <strong>of</strong> Buffalo<br />
Quantitative Microdialysis to Assess<br />
Target Site Kinetics and CNS Functionality<br />
Biomarkers<br />
Thomas Cremers, Ph.D.<br />
Brains-OnLine LLC<br />
Model-based Translation <strong>of</strong> Pharmacology<br />
in Support <strong>of</strong> Rational Drug Discovery:<br />
Principles, Challenges and Case Examples<br />
Patrick Trapa, Ph.D.<br />
Pfizer Inc.<br />
Mechanism-based PK-PD Model for the<br />
Prolactin Biological System Response<br />
following a Dopamine Inhibition<br />
Challenge: Quantitative Extrapolation<br />
to Humans<br />
Elizabeth C. De Lange, Ph.D.<br />
Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research<br />
1:30 PM–4:00 PM<br />
From a Monomer to an Aggregate:<br />
Models, Challenges and Case<br />
Studies for Prediction <strong>of</strong> Protein<br />
Aggregation In Solution<br />
SYMPOSIUM<br />
In protein solutions, the assembly <strong>of</strong> the monomer<br />
over time, even under non-denaturing and<br />
physiologically relevant solution conditions, is<br />
one <strong>of</strong> the major concerns especially when it<br />
results in the formation <strong>of</strong> irreversible aggregates.<br />
Ensuring long-term stability <strong>of</strong> the protein in<br />
solution against aggregation for the duration <strong>of</strong><br />
its shelf-life is critical and requires an in-depth<br />
understanding <strong>of</strong> the multitude <strong>of</strong> variables involved<br />
viz. protein concentration, solution conditions<br />
including temperature, pH and excipients, surface<br />
and interfacial stresses, impurities, processing<br />
variables etc. While real-time storage stability data<br />
under intended storage conditions is necessary<br />
to justify the storage shelf-life for the commercial<br />
product, methodologies for the prediction <strong>of</strong> the<br />
aggregation propensity <strong>of</strong> a protein monomer in<br />
solution are indispensable during preclinical and<br />
clinical formulation development. To this end,<br />
recent advances in sequence based analysis <strong>of</strong><br />
aggregation propensity and an understanding <strong>of</strong><br />
weak intermolecular interaction in protein solutions,<br />
especially at high protein concentrations, have<br />
shown immense promise in improving the current<br />
capabilities for predicting protein aggregation in<br />
solution. Moreover, under circumstances wherein<br />
multiple formulation and process attributes need to<br />
be optimized along with protein aggregation (e.g.<br />
chemical stability, solution viscosity, appearance,<br />
manufacturing process etc.), it’s just not enough<br />
to characterize a formulation qualitatively with<br />
respect to aggregation propensity. Under these<br />
circumstances, a decent quantitative estimate<br />
<strong>of</strong> the rates <strong>of</strong> aggregation under refrigerated<br />
storage conditions must be made from high<br />
temperature, and relatively faster, stress studies.<br />
This session will focus on the predictive approaches<br />
34<br />
PRELIMINARY PROGRAM<br />
and models currently available as well as being<br />
developed for protein aggregation prediction.<br />
The challenges associated with these approaches,<br />
given the complexity <strong>of</strong> the protein aggregation<br />
process, and the case studies highlighting the<br />
utility <strong>of</strong> the predictive approach will be presented.<br />
Specifically, the session will focus on: theoretical/<br />
sequence based prediction <strong>of</strong> protein aggregation<br />
propensity; prediction <strong>of</strong> aggregation rate: modeling<br />
and kinetics; weak molecular interactions in high<br />
concentration protein solutions as predictors <strong>of</strong><br />
protein aggregation; and real-life examples on<br />
application <strong>of</strong> predictive tools in aggregation from<br />
industry perspective (e.g. setting specifications and<br />
regulatory aspects). The talks will address multiple<br />
aspects <strong>of</strong> the issue <strong>of</strong> protein aggregation and<br />
approaches to better understand the mechanism <strong>of</strong><br />
and predicting protein aggregation in solution.<br />
MODERATOR<br />
Atul Saluja, Ph.D., M.Pharm<br />
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company<br />
Predicting Aggregation-prone Regions <strong>of</strong><br />
Proteins through Molecular Modeling<br />
Naresh Chennamsetty, Ph.D.<br />
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company<br />
Assessing the Relative Contributions <strong>of</strong><br />
Repulsive and Attractive Intermolecular<br />
Interactions to Protein Aggregation in<br />
Concentrated Solution<br />
Allen P. Minton, Ph.D.<br />
National Institutes <strong>of</strong> Health<br />
From Dimers to Particles: Kinetics and<br />
Non-specific Interactions<br />
Chris J. Roberts, Ph.D.<br />
University <strong>of</strong> Delaware<br />
Significance <strong>of</strong> Unfolding<br />
Thermodynamics in Predicting Protein<br />
Aggregation Kinetics: A Case Study at<br />
High Protein Concentration<br />
Atul Saluja, Ph.D., M.Pharm<br />
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company<br />
WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON ROUNDTABLE<br />
SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM<br />
2:00 PM–4:00 PM<br />
Emerging Platforms for<br />
Immunogenicity and Quantitative<br />
Assays<br />
ROUNDTABLE<br />
Several new technical platforms have been<br />
introduced to the analytical field recently. These<br />
platforms include, but are not limited to Gyros, fortebio,<br />
Singulex, MSD and Chimera. New platforms are<br />
<strong>of</strong>ten developed to overcome technical challenges,<br />
provide improved efficiency, improved sensitivity, or<br />
to <strong>of</strong>fer the end-user greater flexibility. Wide-range<br />
adoption <strong>of</strong> new technology can be hampered by<br />
the significant monetary investment required for a<br />
relatively unknown entity. Without the support <strong>of</strong><br />
published data, it can be difficult to make such an<br />
investment. The importance <strong>of</strong> improved technology<br />
cannot be overlooked as it may hold a key to<br />
driving the industry forward by gaining efficiency<br />
and improving the level and specificity <strong>of</strong> analyte<br />
detection. The objective <strong>of</strong> this roundtable is to<br />
more deeply explore recently emerging technical<br />
platforms. Four different technical platforms will<br />
be presented and for each, the presenter will share<br />
experiences as they relate to immunogenicity and/<br />
or quantitative assays. Speakers will briefly discuss<br />
the underlying platform principle and share data<br />
generated in their laboratory. The presenters will<br />
also discuss what they have found to be both<br />
benefits and challenges <strong>of</strong> the platform associated<br />
with particular assay types. A brief presentation<br />
on strategies for advancing new technologies<br />
to regulatory agencies will also be included. The<br />
remaining time will be reserved for an interactive<br />
discussion among audience members and panelists.<br />
MODERATOR<br />
Valerie Theobald<br />
Genzyme, A San<strong>of</strong>i Company<br />
Advancing New Technologies through to<br />
Agency Approval<br />
Marian Kelley, M.S.<br />
MKelley Consulting LLC<br />
Application <strong>of</strong> Singulex and Gyrlob<br />
Technologies to Immunogenicity and<br />
Quantitative Analysis<br />
Boris Gorovits, Ph.D.<br />
Pfizer Inc.<br />
LC/MS and Immuno-PCR Technologies<br />
for Immunogenicity and Biotherapeutic<br />
Quantitation Applications<br />
An Song, Ph.D.<br />
Genentech, Inc.
THURSDAY, OCTOBER 18<br />
THURSDAY MORNING SUNRISE SESSIONS<br />
7:00 AM–8:15 AM<br />
Personalized Medicine: Bring Your<br />
Birth Weight<br />
SUNRISE SESSION<br />
The emerging science <strong>of</strong> ‘developmental origins <strong>of</strong><br />
health and disease’ inversely correlates birth weight<br />
to the adulthood incidence <strong>of</strong> metabolic syndrome.<br />
Specifically, low birth weight is a strong predictor<br />
<strong>of</strong> incidence <strong>of</strong> hypertension, hyperlipidemia,<br />
diabetes mellitus, and obesity during adulthood.<br />
Studies carried out in animal models mechanistically<br />
link this inverse correlation to morphological<br />
and physiological alterations in various organs<br />
including kidneys and liver. Pharmacotherapeutic<br />
strategies to treat metabolic syndrome, however,<br />
do not consider alterations in kidneys and liver<br />
which play an important role in determining drug<br />
pharmacokinetics. This sunrise session will focus on<br />
presenting data from literature on morphological<br />
and physiological changes in various organs and<br />
how those changes could impact pharmacokinetic<br />
processes and subsequently pharmacotherapies.<br />
The first speaker will cover the existing literature<br />
data from human subjects. The second speaker<br />
will present animal model data from literature as<br />
well as their own laboratory relevant to the field <strong>of</strong><br />
developmental origins <strong>of</strong> health and disease. Birth<br />
weight is an economical and accessible marker. In<br />
conjunction with other patient-specific data such as<br />
body weight, height, BMI, ethnicity, race, genotype,<br />
etc., birth weight will inform researchers in the<br />
field and healthcare providers to design optimal<br />
pharmacotherapeutic strategies.<br />
MODERATOR<br />
Ganesh Cherala, Ph.D.<br />
Oregon State University<br />
Fetal Programming, Health through Life<br />
and Lifespan<br />
David J. Barker, Ph.D., M.D.<br />
University <strong>of</strong> Southampton<br />
Fetal Programming and Clinical<br />
Pharmacology<br />
Julie R. Ingelfinger, M.D.<br />
Harvard Medical School<br />
Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Drug<br />
Pharmacokinetics in Adulthood<br />
Ganesh Cherala, Ph.D.<br />
Oregon State University<br />
7:00 AM–8:15 AM<br />
Biosimilars Development:<br />
CMC, Preclinical, and Clinical<br />
Considerations<br />
BIOTECHNOLOGY (BIOTEC)<br />
SUNRISE SESSION<br />
Biosimilars, also referred to as follow-on protein<br />
products in the U.S., can be defined as <strong>biotec</strong>h<br />
drugs that have been shown to have comparable<br />
quality, safety and efficacy to the original product.<br />
Unlike traditional small molecule generics, the<br />
task <strong>of</strong> developing and approving a follow-on<br />
biologic is very challenging as a number <strong>of</strong> CMC,<br />
preclinical and clinical considerations need to be<br />
taken into account including: biosimilars are larger<br />
and more complex molecules with associated<br />
structural heterogeneities and therefore cannot<br />
be completely characterized analytically; minor<br />
changes in manufacturing process have been<br />
known to cause significant change in efficacy or<br />
immunogenicity <strong>of</strong> the drug in the clinic; and the<br />
exact manner in which the numerous product<br />
quality attributes <strong>of</strong> a biosimilar impact the<br />
safety and efficacy <strong>of</strong> the product in the clinic<br />
is generally not known completely. In particular,<br />
immunogenicity assessments <strong>of</strong> novel and biosimilar<br />
products still heavily depend on clinical studies.<br />
Capital investments (including the operating costs)<br />
associated with manufacturing <strong>of</strong> biosimilars along<br />
with the risk <strong>of</strong> failure for biosimilars are significantly<br />
higher than that for small molecule generics. The<br />
result is a relatively smaller discount for biosimilars<br />
compared to the small molecule generics. These and<br />
other development challenges will be addressed in<br />
this session.<br />
MODERATOR<br />
Kavitha Koushik, Ph.D.<br />
Alvogen Inc.<br />
Biosimilars: Regulatory Challenges<br />
Vijay Tammara, Ph.D.<br />
Nuron Biotech<br />
Characterization <strong>of</strong> Biopharmaceuticals or<br />
Follow-on Biologics<br />
William Bakewell, Ph.D.<br />
PPD Development, LLC<br />
THURSDAY MORNING ROUNDTABLE<br />
9:00 AM–11:00 AM<br />
Problems and Solutions for<br />
Manufacturing Therapeutic<br />
Proteins<br />
ROUNDTABLE<br />
The talks and panel discussion in this session will be<br />
focused on a variety <strong>of</strong> challenging problems and<br />
solutions for practical production <strong>of</strong> therapeutic<br />
proteins, including monoclonal antibodies and other<br />
protein drugs. These will include, but not limited to,<br />
the new production technologies to more efficiently<br />
produce the proteins in large-scale, to thermally<br />
stabilize the protein drugs, and to extend their<br />
circulatory half-lives.<br />
MODERATOR<br />
Chang-Guo Zhan, Ph.D.<br />
University <strong>of</strong> Kentucky<br />
Challenges for Manufacturing Therapeutic<br />
Proteins<br />
Chang-Guo Zhan, Ph.D.<br />
University <strong>of</strong> Kentucky<br />
2012 AAPS Annual Meeting and Exposition 35