Bibliography

Bibliography 

De la Torre, F. and Black, M. J. (2003). A framework for robust subspace learning. International Journal 

of Computer Vision, 54(1/2/3), 117–142. 

Abdel-Hakim, A. E. and Farag, A. A. (2006). CSIFT: A SIFT descriptor with color invariant characterstics. 

In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2006), 

pages 1978–1983, New York City, NY. 

Adelson, E. H. and Bergen, J. (1991). The plenoptic function and the elements of early vision. In 

Computational Models of Visual Processing, pages 3–20, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. 

Adelson, E. H., Simoncelli, E., and Hingorani, R. (1987). Orthogonal pyramid transforms for image 

coding. In SPIE Vol. 845 Visual Communications and Image Processing II, pages 50–58, Society of 

Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Agarwala, A. (2007). Efficient gradient-domain compositing using quadtrees. ACM Transactions on 

Graphics, 26(3). 

Agarwala, A., Hertzmann, A., Seitz, S., and Salesin, D. (2004). Keyframe-based tracking for rotoscoping 

and animation. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 23(3), 584–591. 

Agarwala, A., Agrawala, M., Cohen, M., Salesin, D., and Szeliski, R. (2006). Photographing long scenes 

with multi-viewpoint panoramas. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 25(3), 853–861. 

Agarwala, A., Dontcheva, M., Agrawala, M., Drucker, S., Colburn, A., Curless, B., Salesin, D. H., and 

Cohen, M. F. (2004). Interactive digital photomontage. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 23(3), 292–300. 

Agarwala, A., Zheng, K. C., Pal, C., Agrawala, M., Cohen, M., Curless, B., Salesin, D., and Szeliski, R. 

(2005). Panoramic video textures. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 24(3), 821–827. 

Agin, G. J. and Binford, T. O. (1976). Computer description of curved objects. IEEE Transactions on 

Computers, C-25(4), 439–449. 

Akenine-Möller, T. and Haines, E. (2002). Real-Time Rendering. A K Peters, Wellesley, Massachusetts, 

second edition. 

667

668 Computer Vision: Algorithms and Applications (April 27, 2009 draft) 

Aliaga, D. G. et al.. (2003). Sea of images. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 23(6), 22–30. 

Aloimonos, J. (1990). Perspective approximations. Image and Vision Computing, 8, 177–192. 

Alpert, S., Galun, M., Basri, R., and Brandt, A. (2007). Image segmentation by probabilistic bottom-up 

aggregation and cue integration. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern 

Recognition (CVPR 2007), Minneapolis, MN. 

Amini, A. A., Weymouth, T. E., and Jain, R. C. (1990). Using dynamic programming for solving variational 

problems in vision. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 12(9), 855– 

867. 

Anandan, P. (1984). Computing dense displacement fields with confidence measures in scenes containing 

occlusion. In Image Understanding Workshop, pages 236–246, Science Applications International 

Corporation, New Orleans. 

Anandan, P. (1989). A computational framework and an algorithm for the measurement of visual motion. 

International Journal of Computer Vision, 2(3), 283–310. 

Anandan, P. and Irani, M. (2002). Factorization with uncertainty. International Journal of Computer 

Vision, 49(2-3), 101–116. 

Anderson, E. et al.. (1999). LAPACK Users Guide. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 3rd 

edition. 

Andriluka, M., Roth, S., and Schiele, B. (2008). People-tracking-by-detection and people-detection-bytracking. 

In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 

2008), Anchorage, AK. 

Ansar, A., Castano, A., and Matthies, L. (2004). Enhanced real-time stereo using bilateral filtering. In 

International Symposium on 3D Data Processing, Visualization, and Transmission (3DPVT). 

Antone, M. and Teller, S. (2000). Recovering relative camera rotations in urban scenes. In IEEE Computer 

Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2000), pages 282–289, Hilton 

Head Island. 

Argyriou, V. and Vlachos, T. (2003). Estimation of sub-pixel motion using gradient cross-correlation. 

Electronic Letters, 39(13), 980–982. 

Arnold, R. D. (1983). Automated Stereo Perception. Technical Report AIM-351, Artificial Intelligence 

Laboratory, Stanford University. 

Arya, S. et al.. (1998). An optimal algorithm for approximate nearest neighbor searching in fixed dimensions. 

Journal of the ACM, 45(6), 891–923.

Bibliography 669 

Ashdown, I. (1993). Near-field photometry: A new approach. Journal of the Illuminating Engineering 

Society, 22(1), 163–180. 

Atkinson, K. B. (1996). Close Range Photogrammetry and Machine Vision. Whittles Publishing, Scotland, 

UK. 

Aurich, V. and Weule, J. (1995). Non-linear gaussian filters performing edge preserving diffusion. In 17th 

DAGM-Symposium, pages 538–545, Bielefeld. 

Avidan, S. (2001). Support vector tracking. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision 

and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2001), pages 283–290, Kauai, Hawaii. 

Ayache, N. (1989). Vision Stéréoscopique et Perception Multisensorielle. InterEditions., Paris. 

Azarbayejani, A. and Pentland, A. P. (1995). Recursive estimation of motion, structure, and focal length. 

IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 17(6), 562–575. 

Bab-Hadiashar, A. and Suter, D. (1998a). Robust optic flow computation. International Journal of 

Computer Vision, 29(1), 59–77. 

Bab-Hadiashar, A. and Suter, D. (1998b). Robust total least squares based optic flow computation. In 

Asian Conference on Computer Vision (ACCV’98), pages 566–573, ACM, Hong Kong. 

Badra, F., Qumsieh, A., and Dudek, G. (1998). Rotation and zooming in image mosaicing. In IEEE Workshop 

on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV’98), pages 50–55, IEEE Computer Society, Princeton. 

Bae, S., Paris, S., and Durand, F. (2006). Two-scale tone management for photographic look. ACM 

Transactions on Graphics, 25(3), 637–645. 

Baeza-Yates, R. and Ribeiro-Neto, B. (1999). Modern Information Retrieval. Addison Wesley. 

Bai, X. and Sapiro, G. (2009). Geodesic matting: A framework for fast interactive image and video 

segmentation and matting. International Journal of Computer Vision, 82(2), 113–132. 

Bajcsy, R. and Kovacic, S. (1989). Multiresolution elastic matching. Computer Vision, Graphics, and 

Image Processing, 46(1), 1–21. 

Baker, H. H. (1977). Three-dimensional modeling. In Fifth International Joint Conference on Artificial 

Intelligence (IJCAI-77), pages 649–655. 

Baker, H. H. (1982). Depth from Edge and Intensity Based Stereo. Technical Report AIM-347, Artificial 

Intelligence Laboratory, Stanford University. 

Baker, H. H. (1989). Building surfaces of evolution: The weaving wall. International Journal of Computer 

Vision, 3(1), 50–71.


Baker, H. H. and Binford, T. O. (1981). Depth from edge and intensity based stereo. In IJCAI81, 

pages 631–636. 

Baker, H. H. and Bolles, R. C. (1989). Generalizing epipolar-plane image analysis on the spatiotemporal 

surface. International Journal of Computer Vision, 3(1), 33–49. 

Baker, S. and Kanade, T. (2002). Limits on super-resolution and how to break them. IEEE Transactions 

on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 24(9), 1167–1183. 

Baker, S. and Matthews, I. (2004). Lucas-Kanade 20 years on: A unifying framework: Part 1: The quantity 

approximated, the warp update rule, and the gradient descent approximation. International Journal of 


Baker, S. and Nayar, S. (1999). A theory of single-viewpoint catadioptric image formation. International 

Journal of Computer Vision, 5(2), 175–196. 

Baker, S. and Nayar, S. K. (2001). Single viewpoint catadioptric cameras. In Benosman, R. and Kang, 

S. B., editors, Panoramic Vision: Sensors, Theory, and Applications, pages 39–71, Springer, New York. 

Baker, S. et al.. (2003a). Lucas-Kanade 20 Years On: A Unifying Framework: Part 2. Technical Report 

CMU-RI-TR-03-01, The Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University. 

Baker, S. et al.. (2003b). Lucas-Kanade 20 Years On: A Unifying Framework: Part 3. Technical Report 


Baker, S. et al.. (2004). Lucas-Kanade 20 Years On: A Unifying Framework: Part 4. Technical Report 


Baker, S., Szeliski, R., and Anandan, P. (1998). A layered approach to stereo reconstruction. In IEEE 

Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’98), pages 434–441, 

Santa Barbara. 

Baker, S., Black, M., Lewis, J. P., Roth, S., Scharstein, D., and Szeliski, R. (2007). A database and 

evaluation methodology for optical flow. In Eleventh International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 

2007), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 

Ballard, D. H. (1981). Generalizing the Hough transform to detect arbitrary patterns. Pattern Recognition, 

13(2), 111–122. 

Ballard, D. H. and Brown, C. M. (1982). Computer Vision. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. 

Bar-Hillel, A., Hertz, T., and Weinshall, D. (2005). Object class recognition by boosting a part based 

model. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2005), 

pages 701–708, San Diego, CA.


Bar-Joseph, Z. et al.. (2001). Texture mixing and texture movie synthesis using statistical learning. IEEE 

Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 7(2), 120–135. 

Bar-Shalom, Y. and Fortmann, T. E. (1988). Tracking and data association. Academic Press, Boston. 

Barash, D. (2002). A fundamental relationship between bilateral filtering, adaptive smoothing, and the 

nonlinear diffusion equation. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 24(6), 

844–847. 

Barbu, A. and Zhu, S.-C. (2003). Graph partition by Swendsen-Wang cuts. In Ninth International Conference 

on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), pages 320–327, Nice, France. 

Barbu, A. and Zhu, S.-C. (2005). Generalizing Swendsen-Wang to sampling arbitrary posterior probabilities. 


Barkans, A. C. (1997). High quality rendering using the Talisman architecture. In Proceedings of the 

Eurographics Workshop on Graphics Hardware. 

Barnard, S. T. (1989). Stochastic stereo matching over scale. International Journal of Computer Vision, 

3(1), 17–32. 

Barnard, S. T. and Fischler, M. A. (1982). Computational stereo. Computing Surveys, 14(4), 553–572. 

Barreto, J. P. and Daniilidis, K. (2005). Fundamental matrix for cameras with radial distortion. In Tenth 

International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2005), pages 625–632, Beijing, China. 

Barron, J. L., Fleet, D. J., and Beauchemin, S. S. (1994). Performance of optical flow techniques. International 


Barrow, H. G. and Tenenbaum, J. M. (1981). Computational vision. Proceedings of the IEEE, 69(5), 

572–595. 

Bartels, R. H., Beatty, J. C., and Barsky, B. A. (1987). An Introduction to Splines for use in Computer 

Graphics and Geeometric Modeling. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Los Altos. 

Bartoli, A. (2003). Towards gauge invariant bundle adjustment: A solution based on gauge dependent 

damping. In Ninth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), pages 760–765, Nice, 

France. 

Bartoli, A. and Sturm, P. (2003). Multiple-view structure and motion from line correspondences. In Ninth 

International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), pages 207–212, Nice, France. 

Bartoli, A., Coquerelle, M., and Sturm, P. (2004). A framework for pencil-of-points structure-frommotion. 

In Eighth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2004), pages 28–40, Springer-Verlag, 

Prague.


Bascle, B., Blake, A., and Zisserman, A. (1996). Motion deblurring and super-resolution from an image 

sequence. In Fourth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’96), pages 573–582, Springer- 

Verlag, Cambridge, England. 

Bathe, K.-J. (2007). Finite Element Procedures. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. 

Batra, D., Sukthankar, R., and Chen, T. (2008). Learning class-specific affinities for image labelling. In 

IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2008), Anchorage, 

AK. 

Baudisch, P. et al.. (2005). Panoramic viewfinder: providing a real-time preview to help users avoid flaws 

in panoramic pictures. In OZCHI 2005, Canberra, Australia. 

Baumberg, A. (2000). Reliable feature matching across widely separated views. In IEEE Computer 


Head Island. 

Baumgart, B. G. (1974). Geometric Modeling for Computer Vision. Technical Report AIM-249, Artificial 

Intelligence Laboratory, Stanford University. 

Bay, H., Ferrari, V., and Gool, L. V. (2005). Wide-baseline stereo matching with line segments. In IEEE 


San Diego, CA. 

Bay, H., Tuytelaars, T., and Gool, L. V. (2006). SURF: Speeded up robust features. In Leonardis, A., 

Bischof, H., and Pinz, A., editors, Computer Vision – ECCV 2006, pages 404–417, Springer. 

Bayer, B. E. (1976). Color imaging array. US Patent No. 3,971,065. 

Beardsley, P., Torr, P., and Zisserman, A. (1996). 3D model acquisition from extended image sequences. 

In Fourth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’96), pages 683–695, Springer-Verlag, Cambridge, 

England. 

Beare, R. (2006). A locally constrained watershed transform. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and 

Machine Intelligence, 28(7), 1063–1074. 

Becker, S. and Bove, V. M. (1995). Semiautomatic 3-D model extraction from uncalibrated 2-d camera 

views. In SPIE Vol. 2410, Visual Data Exploration and Analysis II, pages 447–461, Society of Photo- 

Optical Instrumentation Engineers, San Jose. 

Beier, T. and Neely, S. (1992). Feature-based image metamorphosis. Computer Graphics (SIG- 

GRAPH’92), 26(2), 35–42. 

Beis, J. S. and Lowe, D. G. (1999). Indexing without invariants in 3d object recognition. IEEE Transactions 

on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 21(10), 1000–1015.


Belhumeur, P. N. (1996). A Bayesian approach to binocular stereopsis. International Journal of Computer 

Vision, 19(3), 237–260. 

Belhumeur, P. N., Hespanha, J. P., and Kriegman, D. J. (1997). Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition 

using class specific linear projection. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 

19(7), 711–720. 

Belongie, S. and Malik, J. (1998). Finding boundaries in natural images: a new method using point descriptors 

and area completion. In Fifth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’98), pages 751– 

766, Springer-Verlag, Freiburg, Germany. 

Belongie, S. et al.. (2002). Shape matching and object recognition using shape contexts. IEEE Transactions 


Bennett, E., Uyttendaele, M., Zitnick, L., Szeliski, R., and Kang, S. B. (2006). Video and image Bayesian 

demosaicing with a two color image prior. In Ninth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 

2006), pages 508–521, Springer-Verlag, Graz. 

Benosman, R. and Kang, S. B., editors. (2001). Panoramic Vision: Sensors, Theory, and Applications, 

Springer, New York. 

Bergen, J. R., Anandan, P., Hanna, K. J., and Hingorani, R. (1992a). Hierarchical model-based motion 

estimation. In Second European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’92), pages 237–252, Springer- 

Verlag, Santa Margherita Liguere, Italy. 

Bergen, J. R., Burt, P. J., Hingorani, R., and Peleg, S. (1992b). A three-frame algorithm for estimating 

two-component image motion. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 14(9), 

886–896. 

Bertalmio, M. et al.. (2000). Image inpainting. In Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 2000, pages 417–424. 

Bertalmio, M. et al.. (2003). Simultaneous structure and texture image inpainting. IEEE Transactions on 

Image Processing, 12(8), 882–889. 

Besag, J. (1986). On the statistical analysis of dirty pictures. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society B, 

48(3), 259–302. 

Besl, P. (1989). Active optical range imaging sensors. In Sanz, J. L., editor, Advances in Machine Vision, 

chapter 1, pages 1–63, Springer-Verlag. 

Besl, P. J. and McKay, N. D. (1992). A method for registration of 3-D shapes. IEEE Transactions on 

Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 14(2), 239–256. 

Besl, P. J. and Jain, R. C. (1985). Three-dimensional object recognition. Computing Surveys, 17(1), 

75–145.


Betrisey, C. et al.. (2000). Displaced filtering for patterned displays. In Society for Information Display 

Symposium,, pages 296–299. 

Beymer, D. (1996). Feature correspondence by interleaving shape and texture computations. In IEEE 


San Francisco. 

Bimber, O. (2006). Computational photography—the next big step. Computer, 39(8), 28–29. 

Birchfield, S. and Tomasi, C. (1998). A pixel dissimilarity measure that is insensitive to image sampling. 


Birchfield, S. and Tomasi, C. (1999). Depth discontinuities by pixel-to-pixel stereo. International Journal 

of Computer Vision, 35(3), 269–293. 

Birchfield, S. T., Natarajan, B., and Tomasi, C. (2007). Correspondence as energy-based segmentation. 

Image and Vision Computing, 25(8), 1329–1340. 

Bishop, C. M. (2006). Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. Springer, New York, NY. 

Bitouk, D., Kumar, N., Dhillon, S., Belhumeur, P., and Nayar, S. K. (2008). Face swapping: Automatically 

replacing faces in photographs. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 27(3). 

Björck, A. (1996). Numerical Methods for Least Squares Problems. Society for Industrial and Applied 

Mathematics. 

Björck, A. and Dahlquist, G. (2009). Numerical Methods in Scientific Computing. Volume II, Society for 

Industrial and Applied Mathematics. 

Black, M., Yacoob, Y., Jepson, A. D., and Fleet, D. J. (1997). Learning parameterized models of image 

motion. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’97), 

pages 561–567, San Juan, Puerto Rico. 

Black, M. J. and Anandan, P. (1996). The robust estimation of multiple motions: Parametric and 

piecewise-smooth flow fields. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 63(1), 75–104. 

Black, M. J. and Jepson, A. D. (1996). Estimating optical flow in segmented images using variableorder 

parametric models with local deformations. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine 

Intelligence, 18(10), 972–986. 

Black, M. J. and Jepson, A. D. (1998). EigenTracking: robust matching and tracking of articulated objects 

using a view-based representation. International Journal of Computer Vision, 26(1), 63–84. 

Black, M. J. and Rangarajan, A. (1996). On the unification of line processes, outlier rejection, and robust 

statistics with applications in early vision. International Journal of Computer Vision, 19(1), 57–91.


Black, M. J., Sapiro, G., Marimont, D. H., and Heeger, D. (1998). Robust anisotropic diffusion. IEEE 

Transactions on Image Processing, 7(3), 421–432. 

Blake, A. and Isard, M. (1998). Active Contours: The Application of Techniques from Graphics, Vision, 

Control Theory and Statistics to Visual Tracking of Shapes in Motion. Springer Verlag, London. 

Blake, A. and Zisserman, A. (1987). Visual Reconstruction. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Blake, A., Curwen, R., and Zisserman, A. (1993). A framework for spatio-temporal control in the tracking 

of visual contour. International Journal of Computer Vision, 11(2), 127–145. 

Blake, A., Zimmerman, A., and Knowles, G. (1985). Surface descriptions from stereo and shading. Image 

and Vision Computing, 3(4), 183–191. 

Blake, A., Rother, C., Brown, M., Perez, P., , and Torr, P. (2004). Interactive image segmentation using an 

adaptive GMMRF model. In Eighth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2004), pages 428– 

441, Springer-Verlag, Prague. 

Blanz, V. and Vetter, T. (1999). A morphable model for the synthesis of 3D faces. Proceedings of 

SIGGRAPH 99, , 187–194. 

Blanz, V. and Vetter, T. (2003). Face recognition based on fitting a 3D morphable model. IEEE Transactions 

on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 25(), 1063–1074. 

Blinn, J. (1998). Dirty Pixels. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Francisco. 

Blinn, J. F. (1994a). Jim Blinn’s corner: Compositing, part 1: Theory. IEEE Computer Graphics and 

Applications, 14(5), 83–87. 

Blinn, J. F. (1994b). Jim Blinn’s corner: Compositing, part 2: Practice. IEEE Computer Graphics and 

Applications, 14(6), 78–82. 

Blinn, J. F. (1999). Jim Blinn’s corner: A ghost in a snowstorm. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 

18(1), 79–84. 

Blinn, J. F. (2003). Jim Blinn’s Corner: Notation, Notation, Notation. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco. 

Blinn, J. F. and Newell, M. E. (1976). Texture and reflection in computer generated images. Communications 

of the ACM, 19(10), 542–547. 

Bobick, A. F. and Intille, S. S. (1999). Large occlusion stereo. International Journal of Computer Vision, 

33(3), 181–200. 

Boden, M. A. (2006). Mind As Machine: A History of Cognitive Science. Oxford University Press, 

Oxford, England.


Bogart, R. G. (1991). View correlation. In Arvo, J., editor, Graphics Gems II, pages 181–190, Academic 

Press, Boston. 

Boiman, O., Shechtman, E., and Irani, M. (2008). In defense of nearest-neighbor based image classification. 

In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2008), 

Anchorage, AK. 

Boissonat, J.-D. (1984). Representing 2D and 3D shapes with the Delaunay triangulation. In Seventh 

International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR’84), pages 745–748, Montreal, Canada. 

Bolles, R. C., Baker, H. H., and Hannah, M. J. (1993). The JISCT stereo evaluation. In Image Understanding 

Workshop, pages 263–274, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers. 

Bolles, R. C., Baker, H. H., and Marimont, D. H. (1987). Epipolar-plane image analysis: An approach to 

determining structure from motion. International Journal of Computer Vision, 1, 7–55. 

Bookstein, F. L. (1989). Principal warps: Thin-plate splines and the decomposition of deformations. IEEE 

Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 11(6), 567–585. 

Borgefors, G. (1986). Distance transformations in digital images. Computer Vision, Graphics and Image 

Processing, 34(3), 227–248. 

Bosch, A., Varma, M., and Zisserman, A. (2008). Object detection using multiple kernel learning. In 

British Machine Vision Conference (BMVC 2008), Springer-Verlag, Leeds. 

Bouchard, G. and Triggs, B. (2005). Hierarchical part-based visual object categorization. In IEEE Computer 

Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2005), pages 709–714, San 

Diego, CA. 

Bouguet, J.-Y. and Perona, P. (1998). 3d photography on your desk. In Sixth International Conference on 

Computer Vision (ICCV’98), pages 43–50, Bombay. 

Boult, T. E. and Kender, J. R. (1986). Visual surface reconstruction using sparse depth data. In IEEE 


IEEE Computer Society Press, Miami Beach. 

Bovik, A., editor. (2000). Handbook of Image and Video Processing, Academic Press, San Diego. 

Bowyer, K. W., Kranenburg, C., and Dougherty, S. (2001). Edge detector evaluation using empirical roc 

curves. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 84(1), 77–103. 

Boyer, E. and Berger, M. O. (1997). 3D surface reconstruction using occluding countours. International 


Boykov, Y. and Funka-Lea, G. (2006). Graph cuts and efficient N-D image segmentation. International 

Journal of Computer Vision, 70(2), 109–131.


Boykov, Y. and Jolly, M.-P. (2001). Interactive graph cuts for optimal boundary and region segmentation 

of objects in n-d images. In Eighth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2001), pages 105– 

112, Vancouver, Canada. 

Boykov, Y. and Kolmogorov, V. (2001). An experimental comparison of min-cut/max-flow algorithms for 

energy minimization in computer vision. In International Workshop on Energy Minimization Methods in 

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pages 205–220. 

Boykov, Y. and Kolmogorov, V. (2003). Computing geodesics and minimal surfaces via graph cuts. In 

Ninth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), pages 26–33, Nice, France. 

Boykov, Y., Veksler, O., and Zabih, R. (1998). A variable window approach to early vision. IEEE 


Boykov, Y., Veksler, O., and Zabih, R. (2001). Fast approximate energy minimization via graph cuts. 


Bracewell, R. N. (1986). The Fourier Transform and its Applications. McGraw-Hill, New York, 2nd 

edition. 

Bradley, D., Boubekeur, T., and Heidrich, W. (2008). Accurate multi-view reconstruction using robust 

binocular stereo and surface meshing. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and 

Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2008), Anchorage, AK. 

Bradsky, G. and Kaehler, A. (2008). Learning OpenCV: Computer Vision with the OpenCV Library. 

O’Reilly. 

Brandt, A. (1986). Algebraic multigrid theory: The symmetric case. Applied Mathematics and Computation, 

19(1-4), 23–56. 

Bregler, C. and Malik, J. (1998). Tracking people with twists and exponential maps. In IEEE Computer 

Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’98), pages 8–15, Santa Barbara. 

Bregler, C., Covell, M., and Slaney, M. (1997). Video rewrite: Driving visual speech with audio. Computer 

Graphics (SIGGRAPH’97), , 353–360. 

Breu, H., Gil, J., Kirkpatrick, D., and Werman, M. (1995). Linear time euclidean distance transform 

algorithms. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 17(5), 529–533. 

Brice, C. R. and Fennema, C. L. (1970). Scene analysis using regions. Artificial Intelligence, 1(3-4), 

205–226. 

Briggs, W. L. (1987). A Multigrid Tutorial. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Philadelphia. 

Briggs, W. L., Henson, V. E., and McCormick, S. F. (2000). A Multigrid Tutorial. Society for Industrial 

and Applied Mathematics, Philadelphia, second edition.


Brillaut-O’Mahoney, B. (1991). New method for vanishing point detection. Computer Vision, Graphics, 

and Image Processing, 54(2), 289–300. 

Brinkmann, R. (2008). The Art and Science of Digital Compositing. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San 

Francisco, 2nd edition. 

Brown, D. C. (1971). Close-range camera calibration. Photogrammetric Engineering, 37(8), 855–866. 

Brown, L. G. (1992). A survey of image registration techniques. Computing Surveys, 24(4), 325–376. 

Brown, M. and Lowe, D. (2002). Invariant features from interest point groups. In British Machine Vision 

Conference, pages 656–665, Cardiff, Wales. 

Brown, M. and Lowe, D. (2003). Unsupervised 3D object recognition and reconstruction in unordered 

datasets. In International Conference on 3D Imaging and Modelling, pages 1218–1225, Nice, France. 

Brown, M. and Lowe, D. (2007). Automatic panoramic image stitching using invariant features. International 


Brown, M., Hartley, R., and Nistér, D. (2007). Minimal solutions for panoramic stitching. In IEEE 

Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2007), Minneapolis, 

MN. 

Brown, M., Szeliski, R., and Winder, S. (2004). Multi-Image Matching Using Multi-Scale Oriented 

Patches. Technical Report MSR-TR-2004-133, Microsoft Research. 

Brown, M., Szeliski, R., and Winder, S. (2005). Multi-image matching using multi-scale oriented patches. 


pages 510–517, San Diego, CA. 

Brown, M. Z., Burschka, D., and Hager, G. D. (2003). Advances in computational stereo. IEEE Transactions 


Brox, T., Bruhn, A., Papenberg, N., , and Weickert, J. (2004). High accuracy optical flow estimation based 

on a theory for warping. In Eighth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2004), pages 25–36, 

Springer-Verlag, Prague. 

Brubaker, S. C. et al.. (2008). On the design of cascades of boosted ensembles for face detection. International 

Journal of Computer Vision, 77(1-3), 65–86. 

Bruhn, A., Weickert, J., and Schnorr, C. (2005). Lucas/Kanade meets Horn/Schunck: Combining local 

and global optic flow methods. International Journal of Computer Vision, 61(3), 211–231. 

Buades, A., Coll, B., and Morel, J.-M. (2005). A non-local algorithm for image denoising. In IEEE 


San Diego, CA.


Buades, A., Coll, B., and Morel, J.-M. (2008). Nonlocal image and movie denoising. International 


Buchanan, A. and Fitzgibbon, A. (2005). Damped newton algorithms for matrix factorization with missing 

data. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2005), 


Buck, I., Finkelstein, A., Jacobs, C., Klein, A., Salesin, D. H., Seims, J., Szeliski, R., and Toyama, K. 

(2000). Performance-driven hand-drawn animation. In Symposium on Non Photorealistic Animation and 

Rendering, pages 101–108, ACM SIGGRAPH, Annecy. 

Buehler, C., Bosse, M., McMillan, L., Gortler, S. J., and Cohen, M. F. (2001). Unstructured lumigraph 

rendering. Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 2001, , 425–432. ISBN 1-58113-292-1. 

Bugayevskiy, L. M. and Snyder, J. P. (1995). Map Projections: A Reference Manual. CRC Press. 

Burl, M. C., Weber, M., and Perona, P. (1998). A probabilistic approach to object recognition using 

local photometry and global geometry. In Fifth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’98), 

pages 628–641, Springer-Verlag, Freiburg, Germany. 

Burns, P. D. and Williams, D. (1999). Using slanted edge analysis for color registration measurement. In 

IS&T PICS Conference, pages 51–53, Society for Imaging Science and Technology. 

Burt, P. J. and Adelson, E. H. (1983a). The Laplacian pyramid as a compact image code. IEEE Transactions 

on Communications, COM-31(4), 532–540. 

Burt, P. J. and Adelson, E. H. (1983b). A multiresolution spline with applications to image mosaics. ACM 


Burt, P. J. and Kolczynski, R. J. (1993). Enhanced image capture through fusion. In Fourth International 

Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’93), pages 173–182, IEEE Computer Society Press, Berlin, 

Germany. 

Cai, D., He, X., Hu, Y., Han, J., and Huang, T. (2007). Learning a spatially smooth subspace for face 

recognition. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 

2007), Minneapolis, MN. 

Campbell, N. D., Vogiatzis, G., Hernández, C., and Cipolla, R. (2008). Using multiple hypotheses to 

improve depth-maps for multi-view stereo. In Tenth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 

2008), pages 766–779, Springer-Verlag, Marseilles. 

Can, A. et al.. (2002). A feature-based, robust, hierarchical algorithm for registering pairs of images of the 

curved human retina. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 24(3), 347–364.


Canny, J. (1986). A computational approach to edge detection. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis 

and Machine Intelligence, PAMI-8(6), 679–698. 

Capel, D. (2004). Image Mosaicing and Super-resolution. Distinguished Dissertation Series, British 

Computer Society, Springer-Verlag. 

Capel, D. and Zisserman, A. (1998). Automated mosaicing with super-resolution zoom. In IEEE Computer 

Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’98), pages 885–891, Santa 

Barbara. 

Capel, D. and Zisserman, A. (2000). Super-resolution enhancement of text image sequences. In Fifteenth 

International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR’2000), pages 600–605, IEEE Computer Society 

Press, Barcelona, Spain. 

Capel, D. and Zisserman, A. (2001). Super-resolution from multiple views using learnt image models. 


pages 627–634, Kauai, Hawaii. 

Capel, D. and Zisserman, A. (2003). Computer vision applied to super resolution. IEEE Signal Processing 

Magazine, 20(3), 75–86. 

Capel, D. P. (2001). Super-resolution and Image Mosaicing. Ph.D. thesis, University of Oxford. 

Caprile, B. and Torre, V. (1990). Using vanishing points for camera calibration. International Journal of 


Carneiro, G. and Jepson, A. (2005). The distinctiveness, detectability, and robustness of local image features. 



Carneiro, G. and Lowe, D. (2006). Sparse flexible models of local features. In Leonardis, A., Bischof, H., 

and Pinz, A., editors, Computer Vision – ECCV 2006, pages 29–43, Springer. 

Carnevali, P., Coletti, L., and Patarnello, S. (1985). Image processing by simulated annealing. IBM 

Journal of Research and Development, 29(6), 569–579. 

Caselles, V., Kimmel, R., and Sapiro, G. (1997). Geodesic active contours. International Journal of 


Catmull, E. and Smith, A. R. (1980). 3-d transformations of images in scanline order. Computer Graphics 

(SIGGRAPH’80), 14(3), 279–285. 

Celniker, G. and Gossard, D. (1991). Deformable curve and surface finite-elements for free-form shape 

design. Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH’91), 25(4), 257–266.


Cham, T. J. and Cipolla, R. (1998). A statistical framework for long-range feature matching in uncalibrated 

image mosaicing. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 

(CVPR’98), pages 442–447, Santa Barbara. 

Cham, T.-J. and Rehg, J. M. (1999). A multiple hypothesis approach to figure tracking. In IEEE Computer 

Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’99), pages 239–245, Fort Collins. 

Champleboux, G. et al.. (1992a). Accurate calibration of cameras and range imaging sensors, the NPBS 

method. In IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, pages 1552–1558, IEEE Computer 

Society Press, Nice, France. 

Champleboux, G., Lavallée, S., Szeliski, R., and Brunie, L. (1992b). From accurate range imaging 

sensor calibration to accurate model-based 3-D object localization. In IEEE Computer Society Conference 

on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’92), pages 83–89, IEEE Computer Society Press, 

Champaign, Illinois. 

Chan, T. F. and Vese, L. A. (1992). Active contours without edges. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 

10(2), 266–277. 

Chan, T. F., Osher, S., and Shen, J. (2001). The digital TV filter and nonlinear denoising. IEEE Transactions 

on Image Processing, 10(2), 231–. 

Chang, M. M., Tekalp, A. M., and Sezan, M. I. (1997). Simultaneous motion estimation and segmentation. 

IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 6(9), 1326–1333. 

Chaudhuri, S. (2001). Super-Resolution Imaging. Springer. 

Cheeseman, P., Kanefsky, B., Hanson, R., and Stutz, J. (1993). Super-Resolved Surface Reconstruction 

From Multiple Images. Technical Report FIA-93-02, NASA Ames Research Center, Artificial Intelligence 

Branch. 

Chellappa, R., Wilson, C., and Sirohey, S. (1995). Human and machine recognition of faces: A survey. 

Proceedings of the IEEE, 83(5), 705–740. 

Chen, C.-Y. and Klette, R. (1999). Image stitching - comparisons and new techniques. In Computer 

Analysis of Images and Patterns (CAIP’99), pages 615–622, Springer-Verlag, Ljubljana. 

Chen, J., Paris, S., and Durand, F. (2007). Real-time edge-aware image processing with the bilateral grid. 

ACM Transactions on Graphics, 26(3). 

Chen, S. and Williams, L. (1993). View interpolation for image synthesis. Computer Graphics (SIG- 

GRAPH’93), , 279–288. 

Chen, S. E. (1995). QuickTime VR – an image-based approach to virtual environment navigation. Computer 

Graphics (SIGGRAPH’95), , 29–38.


Cheng, L., Vishwanathan, S. V. N., and Zhang, X. (2008). Consistent image analogies using semisupervised 

learning. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 

(CVPR 2008), Anchorage, AK. 

Cheng, Y. (1995). Mean shift, mode seeking, and clustering. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and 


Chiang, M.-C. and Boult, T. E. (1996). Efficient image warping and super-resolution. In IEEE Workshop 

on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV’96), pages 56–61, IEEE Computer Society, Sarasota. 

Chou, P. B. and Brown, C. M. (1990). The theory and practice of Bayesian image labeling. International 


Christensen, G., Joshi, S., and Miller, M. (1997). Volumetric transformation of brain anatomy. IEEE 

Transactions on Medical Imaging, 16(6), 864–877. 

Christy, S. and Horaud, R. (1996). Euclidean shape and motion from multiple perspective views by affine 

iterations. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 18(11), 1098–1104. 

Chuang, Y.-Y., Curless, B., Salesin, D. H., and Szeliski, R. (2001). A Bayesian approach to digital matting. 


pages 264–271, Kauai, Hawaii. 

Chuang, Y.-Y., Agarwala, A., Curless, B., Salesin, D. H., and Szeliski, R. (2002). Video matting of 

complex scenes. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 21(3), 243–248. 

Chuang, Y.-Y., Goldman, D. B., Curless, B., Salesin, D. H., and Szeliski, R. (2003). Shadow matting. 

ACM Transactions on Graphics, 22(3), 494–500. 

Chuang, Y.-Y., Goldman, D. B., Zheng, K. C., Curless, B., Salesin, D. H., and Szeliski, R. (2005). 

Animating pictures with stochastic motion textures. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 24(3), 853–860. 

Chuang, Y.-Y., Zongker, D., Hindorff, J., Curless, B., Salesin, D. H., and Szeliski, R. (2000). Environment 

matting extensions: Towards higher accuracy and real-time capture. In Computer Graphics (SIG- 

GRAPH’2000 Proceedings), pages 121–130, ACM SIGGRAPH, New Orleans. 

Chui, C. K. (1992). Wavelet Analysis and Its Applications. Academic Press, New York. 

Chum, O. and Matas, J. (2005). Matching with PROSAC—progressive sample consensus. In IEEE 



Chum, O., Philbin, J., Sivic, J., Isard, M., and Zisserman, A. (2007). Total recall: Automatic query expansion 

with a generative feature model for object retrieval. In Tenth International Conference on Computer 

Vision (ICCV 2007), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.


Chum, R. and Matas, J. (2008). Web Scale Image Clustering. Technical Report CTU-CMP-2008-15, 

Center for Machine Perception, Czech Technical University in Prague. 

Cipolla, R. and Blake, A. (1990). The dynamic analysis of apparent contours. In Third International 

Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’90), pages 616–623, IEEE Computer Society Press, Osaka, Japan. 

Cipolla, R. and Blake, A. (1992). Surface shape from the deformation of apparent contours. International 


Cipolla, R. and Giblin, P. (2000). Visual Motion of Curves and Surfaces. Cambridge University Press, 

Cambridge. 

Cipolla, R. et al.. (1999). Camera calibration from vanishing points in images of architectural scenes. In 

British Machine Vision Conference (BMVC), Springer-Verlag. 

Claus, D. and Fitzgibbon, A. (2005). A rational function lens distortion model for general cameras. 



Clowes, M. B. (1971). On seeing things. Artificial Intelligence, 2, 79–116. 

Cochran, S. D. and Medioni, G. G. (1992). 3-d surface description from binocular stereo. IEEE Transactions 


Cohen, L. D. and Cohen, I. (1993). Finite-element methods for active contour models and balloons for 2-D 

and 3-D images. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 15(11), 1131–1147. 

Cohen, M. and Wallace, J. (1993). Radiosity and Realistic Image Synthesis. Morgan Kaufmann. 

Cohen, M. F. and Szeliski, R. (2006). The Moment Camera. Computer, 39(8), 40–45. 

Collins, R. T. (1996). A space-sweep approach to true multi-image matching. In IEEE Computer Society 

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’96), pages 358–363, San Francisco. 

Collins, R. T. and Liu, Y. (2003). On-line selection of discriminative tracking features. In Ninth International 

Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), pages 346–352, Nice, France. 

Collins, R. T. and Weiss, R. S. (1990). Vanishing point calculation as a statistical inference on the unit 

sphere. In Third International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’90), pages 400–403, IEEE Computer 

Society Press, Osaka, Japan. 

Comaniciu, D. and Meer, P. (2002). Mean shift: A robust approach toward feature space analysis. IEEE 


Comaniciu, D. and Meer, P. (2003). An algorithm for data-driven bandwidth selection. IEEE Transactions 



Conn, A. R., Gould, N. I. M., and Toint, P. L. (2000). Trust-Region Methods. Society for Industrial and 

Applied Mathematics, Philadephia. 

Cook, R. L. and Torrance, K. E. (1982). A reflectance model for computer graphics. ACM Transactions 

on Graphics, 1(1), 7–24. 

Coorg, S. and Teller, S. (2000). Spherical mosaics with quaternions and dense correlation. International 


Cootes, T., Edwards, G. J., and Taylor, C. J. (2001). Active appearance models. IEEE Transactions on 


Cootes, T., Cooper, D., Taylor, C., and Graham, J. (1995). Active shape models—their training and 

application. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 61(1), 38–59. 

Cootes, T., Taylor, C., Lanitis, A., Cooper, D., and Graham, J. (1993). Building and using flexible models 

incorporating grey-level information. In Fourth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’93), 

pages 242–246, IEEE Computer Society Press, Berlin, Germany. 

Cootes, T. F. and Taylor, C. J. (2001). Statistical models of appearance for medical image analysis and 

computer vision. In Medical Imaging, SPIE. 

Coquillart, S. (1990). Extended free-form deformations: A sculpturing tool for 3d geometric modeling. 

Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH’90), 24(4), 187–196. 

Cormen, T. H. (2001). Introduction to Algorithms. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Cornelis, N., Leibe, B., Cornelis, K., and Gool, L. V. (2008). 3d urban scene modeling integrating 

recognition and reconstruction. International Journal of Computer Vision, 78(2-3), 121–141. 

Corso, J. and Hager, G. (2005). Coherent regions for concise and stable image description. In IEEE 



Costeira, J. and Kanade, T. (1995). A multi-body factorization method for motion analysis. In Fifth 

International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’95), pages 1071–1076, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Costen, N., Cootes, T. F., Edwards, G. J., and Taylor, C. J. (1999). Simultaneous extraction of functional 

face subspaces. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 

(CVPR’99), pages 492–497, Fort Collins. 

Cox, D., Little, J., and O’Shea, D. (2007). Ideals, Varieties, and Algorithms: An Introduction to Computational 

Algebraic Geometry and Commutative Algebra. Springer.


Cox, I. J. (1994). A maximum likelihood N-camera stereo algorithm. In IEEE Computer Society Conference 

on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’94), pages 733–739, IEEE Computer Society, 

Seattle. 

Cox, I. J. et al.. (1996). A maximum likelihood stereo algorithm. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 

63(3), 542–567. 

Cox, I. J., Roy, S., and Hingorani, S. L. (1995). Dynamic histogram warping of image pairs for constant 

image brightness. In IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP’95), pages 366–369, 

IEEE Computer Society. 

Crandall, D. and Huttenlocher, D. (2007). Composite models of objects and scenes for category recognition. 


Minneapolis, MN. 

Crandall, D., Felzenszwalb, P., and Huttenlocher, D. (2005). Spatial priors for part-based recognition using 

statistical models. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 

(CVPR’2005), pages 10–17, San Diego, CA. 

Crandall, D., Backstrom, L., Huttenlocher, D., and Kleinberg, J. (2009). Mapping the world’s photos. In 

18th Int. World Wide Web Conference, pages 761–770, Madrid. 

Crandall, D. J. and Huttenlocher, D. P. (2006). Weakly supervised learning of part-based spatial models 

for visual object recognition. In Leonardis, A., Bischof, H., and Pinz, A., editors, Computer Vision – 

ECCV 2006, pages 16–29, Springer. 

Crane, R. (1997). A Simplified Approach to Image Processing. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. 

Cremers, D. and Soatto, S. (2005). Motion competition: A variational framework for piecewise parametric 

motion segmentation. International Journal of Computer Vision, 62(3), 249–265. 

Cremers, D., Rousson, M., and Deriche, R. (2007). A review of statistical approaches to level set segmentation: 

integrating color, texture, motion and shape. International Journal of Computer Vision, 72(2), 

195–215. 

Crevier, D. (1993). AI: The Tumultuous Search for Artificial Intelligence. BasicBooks, New York, NY. 

Criminisi, A., Pérez, P., and Toyama, K. (2004). Region filling and object removal by exemplar-based 

inpainting. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 13(9), 1200–1212. 

Criminisi, A., Reid, I., and Zisserman, A. (2000). Single view metrology. International Journal of 


Criminisi, A., Cross, G., Blake, A., and Kolmogorov, V. (2006). Bilayer segmentation of live video. In 

IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2006), pages 53– 

60, New York City, NY.


Criminisi, A., Shotton, J., Blake, A., and Torr, P. (2003). Gaze manipulation for one-to-one teleconferencing. 

In Ninth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), pages 191–198, Nice, 

France. 

Criminisi, A., Kang, S. B., Swaminathan, R., Szeliski, R., and Anandan, P. (2005). Extracting layers 

and analyzing their specular properties using epipolar-plane-image analysis. Computer Vision and Image 

Understanding, 97(1), 51–85. 

Criminisi, A., Shotton, J., Blake, A., Rother, C., and Torr, P. H. S. (2007). Efficient dense stereo with 

occlusion by four-state dynamic programming. International Journal of Computer Vision, 71(1), 89–110. 

Crow, F. C. (1984). Summed-area table for texture mapping. Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH’84), 18(3), 

207–212. 

Crowley, J. L. and Stern, R. M. (1984). Fast computation of the difference of low-pass transform. IEEE 


Csurka, G. et al.. (2004). Visual categorization with bags of keypoints. In ECCV International Workshop 

on Statistical Learning in Computer Vision, Springer-Verlag, Prague. 

Csurka, G. et al.. (2007). Generic visual categorization using weak geometry. In Ponce, J., Hebert, 

M., Schmid, C., and Zisserman, A., editors, Toward Category-Level Object Recognition, pages 207–224, 

Springer, New York. 

Cui, J., Yang, Q., Wen, F., Wu, Q., Zhang, C., Gool, L. V., and Tang, X. (2008). Transductive object 

cutout. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2008), 


Curless, B. (1999). From range scans to 3D models. Computer Graphics, 33(4), 38–41. 

Curless, B. and Levoy, M. (1995). Better optical triangulation through spacetime analysis. In Fifth 

International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’95), pages 987–994, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Curless, B. and Levoy, M. (1996). A volumetric method for building complex models from range images. 

In Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, pages 303–312, ACM SIGGRAPH, Proc. 

SIGGRAPH’96 (New Orleans). 

Cutler, R. and Turk, M. (1998). View-based interpretation of real-time optical flow for gesture recognition. 

In IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, pages 416–421, Nara, 

Japan. 

Dalal, N. and Triggs, B. (2005). Histograms of oriented gradients for human detection. In IEEE Computer 


Diego, CA.


Dalal, N., Triggs, B., and Schmid, C. (2006). Human detection using oriented histograms of flow and appearance. 

In Leonardis, A., Bischof, H., and Pinz, A., editors, Computer Vision – ECCV 2006, pages 428– 

441, Springer. 

Dana, K. J. et al.. (1999). Reflectance and texture of real world surfaces. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 

18(1), 1–34. 

Danielsson, P. E. (1980). Euclidean distance mapping. Computer Graphics and Image Processing, 14(3), 

227–248. 

Darrell, T. and Pentland, A. (1991). Robust estimation of a multi-layered motion representation. In IEEE 

Workshop on Visual Motion, pages 173–178, IEEE Computer Society Press, Princeton, New Jersey. 

Darrell, T. and Pentland, A. (1995). Cooperative robust estimation using layers of support. IEEE Transactions 


Darrell, T. and Simoncelli, E. (1993). “Nulling” filters and the separation of transparent motion. In IEEE 


New York. 

Davis, J. (1998). Mosaics of scenes with moving objects. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on 

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’98), pages 354–360, Santa Barbara. 

Davis, L. (1975). A survey of edge detection techniques. Computer Graphics and Image Processing, 4(3), 

248–270. 

Davis, T. A. (2006). Direct Methods for Sparse Linear Systems. SIAM. 

Davison, A. J. (2003). Real-time simultaneous localisation and mapping with a single camera. In Ninth 


De Bonet, J. S. and Viola, P. (1999). Poxels: Probabilistic voxelized volume reconstruction. In Seventh 

International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’99), pages 418–425, Kerkyra, Greece. 

de Agapito, L., Hayman, E., and Reid, I. (2001). Self-calibration of rotating and zooming cameras. 


de Berg, M., Cheong, O., van Kreveld, M., and Overmars, M. (2006). Computational Geometry: Algorithms 

and Applications. Springer, New York, NY, third edition. 

De Bonet, J. (1997). Multiresolution sampling procedure for analysis and synthesis of texture images. 

Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH’97), , 361–368. 

De Castro, E. and Morandi, C. (1987). Registration of translated and rotated iimages using finite fourier 

transforms. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, PAMI-9(5), 700–703.


Debevec, P. (1998). Rendering synthetic objects into real scenes: Bridging traditional and image-based 

graphics with global illumination and high dynamic range photography. Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 98, , 

189–198. ISBN 0-89791-999-8. Held in Orlando, Florida. 

Debevec, P. (2006). Virtual cinematography: Relighting through computation. Computer, 39(8), 57–65. 

Debevec, P., Hawkins, T., Tchou, C., Duiker, H.-P., Sarokin, W., and Sagar, M. (2000). Acquiring the 

reflectance field of a human face. Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 2000, , 145–156. 

Debevec, P., Wenger, A., Tchou, C., Gardner, A., Waese, J., and Hawkins, T. (2002). A lighting reproduction 

approach to live-action compositing. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 21(3), 547–556. 

Debevec, P. E. (1999). Image-based modeling and lighting. Computer Graphics, 33(4), 46–50. 

Debevec, P. E. and Malik, J. (1997). Recovering high dynamic range radiance maps from photographs. 

Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 97, , 369–378. ISBN 0-89791-896-7. Held in Los Angeles, California. 

Debevec, P. E., Taylor, C. J., and Malik, J. (1996). Modeling and rendering architecture from photographs: 

A hybrid geometry- and image-based approach. Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH’96), , 11–20. 

Debevec, P. E., Yu, Y., and Borshukov, G. D. (1998). Efficient view-dependent image-based rendering with 

projective texture-mapping. Eurographics Rendering Workshop 1998, , 105–116. ISBN 3-211-83213-0. 

Held in Vienna, Austria. 

DeCarlo, D. and Santella, A. (2002). Stylization and abstraction of photographs. ACM Transactions on 

Graphics, 21(3), 769–776. ISSN 0730-0301 (Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 2002). 

DeCarlo, D., Metaxas, D., and Stone, M. (1998). An anthropometric face model using variational techniques. 

Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 98, , 67–74. ISBN 0-89791-999-8. Held in Orlando, Florida. 

Delingette, H., Hebert, M., and Ikeuichi, K. (1991). Shape representation and image segmentation using 

deformable surfaces. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 

(CVPR’91), pages 467–472, IEEE Computer Society Press, Maui, Hawaii. 

Dellaert, F. and Collins, R. (1999). Fast image-based tracking by selective pixel integration. In ICCV 

Workshop on Frame-Rate Vision, pages 1–22. 

DeMenthon, D. I. and Davis, L. S. (1995). Model-based object pose in 25 lines of code. International 

Journal of Computer Vision, 15(1-2), 123–141. 

Dempster, A., Laird, N. M., and Rubin, D. B. (1977). Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the 

EM algorithm. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society B, 39(1), 1–38. 

Deriche, R. (1987). Using canny’s criteria to derive a recursively implemented optimal edge detector. 

International Journal of Computer Vision, 1(2), 167–187.


Deriche, R. (1990). Fast algorithms for low-level vision. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and 


Dev, P. (1974). Segmentation Processes in Visual Perception: A Cooperative Neural Model. COINS 

Technical Report 74C-5, University of Massachusetts at Amherst. 

Dhond, U. R. and Aggarwal, J. K. (1989). Structure from stereo—a review. IEEE Transactions on 

Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 19(6), 1489–1510. 

Dick, A., Torr, P., Ruffle, S., and Cipolla, R. (2001). Combining single view recognition and multiple 

view stereo for architectural scenes. In Eighth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2001), 

pages 268–274, Vancouver, Canada. 

Dickinson, S., Leonardis, A., Schiele, B., and Tarr, M. J., editors. (2007). Object Categorization: Computer 

and Human Vision Perspectives, Cambridge University Press, New York. 

Dickmanns, E. D. and Graefe, V. (1988). Dynamic monocular machine vision. Machine Vision and 

Applications, 1, 223–240. 

Diebel, J. (2006). Representing Attitude: Euler Angles, Quaternions, and Rotation Vectors. Technical 

Report, Stanford University. http://ai.stanford.edu/˜diebel/attitude.html. 

Diebel, J., Thrun, S., and Bruenig, M. (2006). A bayesian method for probable surface reconstruction and 

decimation. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 25(1). 

Dodgson, N. A. (1992). Image Resampling. Technical Report TR261, Wolfson College and Computer 

Laboratory, University of Cambridge. 

Dorkó, G. and Schmid, C. (2003). Selection of scale-invariant parts for object class recognition. In Ninth 


Douglas, D. H. and Peucker, T. K. (1973). Algorithms for the reduction of the number of points required 

to represent a digitized line or its caricature. The Canadian Cartographer, 10(2), 112–122. 

Duda, R. O. and Hart, P. E. (1972). Use of the hough transform to detect lines and curves in pictures. 

Communications of the ACM, 15(1), 11–15. 

Duda, R. O., Hart, P. E., and Stork, D. G. (2001). Pattern Classification. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 

2nd edition. 

Duff, I. S., editor. (1981). IMA Numerical Analysis Group Conference, Academic Press. 

Dupuis, P. and Oliensis, J. (1994). An optimal control formulation and related numerical methods for a 

problem in shape reconstruction. Annals of Applied Probability, 4(2), 287–346.


Durand, F. and Dorsey, J. (2002). Fast bilateral filtering for the display of high-dynamic-range images. 

ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), 21(3), 257–266. 

Durand, F. and Szeliski, R. (2007). Computational photography. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 

27(2), 21–22. Guest Editors’ Introduction to Special Issue. 

Durbin, R. and Willshaw, D. (1987). An analogue approach to the traveling salesman problem using an 

elastic net method. Nature, 326, 689–691. 

Durbin, R., Szeliski, R., and Yuille, A. (1989). An analysis of the elastic net approach to the travelling 

salesman problem. Neural Computation, 1(3), 348–358. 

Eden, A., Uyttendaele, M., and Szeliski, R. (2006). Seamless image stitching of scenes with large motions 

and exposure differences. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern 

Recognition (CVPR’2006), pages 2498–2505, New York, NY. 

Efros, A. A. and Freeman, W. T. (2001). Image quilting for texture synthesis and transfer. In Fiume, 

E., editor, SIGGRAPH 2001, Computer Graphics Proceedings, pages 341–346, ACM Press / ACM SIG- 

GRAPH. 

Efros, A. A. and Leung, T. K. (1999). Texture synthesis by non-parametric sampling. In Seventh International 

Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’99), pages 1033–1038, Kerkyra, Greece. 

Efros, A. A., Berg, A. C., Mori, G., and Malik, J. (2003). Recognizing action at a distance. In Ninth 


Eisemann, E. and Durand, F. (2004). Flash photography enhancement via intrinsic relighting. ACM 

Transactions on Graphics, 23(3), 673–? 

Eisert, P., Fechteler, P., and Rurainsky, J. (2008). 3d tracking of shoes for virtual mirror applications. In 


AK. 

Eisert, P., Steinbach, E., and Girod, B. (2000a). Automatic reconstruction of stationary 3-D objects from 

multiple uncalibrated camera views. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 

10(2), 261–277. 

Eisert, P., Wiegand, T., and Girod, B. (2000b). Model-aided coding: a new approach to incorporate facial 

animation into motion-compensated video coding. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video 

Technology, 10(3), 344–358. 

El-Melegy, M. and Farag, A. (2003). Nonmetric lens distortion calibration: Closed-form solutions, robust 

estimation and model selection. In Ninth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), 

pages 554–559, Nice, France.


Elder, J. H. (1999). Are edges incomplete? International Journal of Computer Vision, 34(2/3), 97–122. 

Elder, J. H. and Golderg, R. M. (2001). Image editing in the contour domain. IEEE Transactions on 


Elder, J. H. and Zucker, S. W. (1998). Local scale control for edge detection and blur estimation. IEEE 


Engels, C., Stewénius, H., and Nistér, D. (2006). Bundle adjustment rules. In Photogrammetric Computer 

Vision (PCV’06), Bonn, Germany. 

Engl, H. W., Hanke, M., and Neubauer, A. (1996). Regularization of Inverse Problems. Kluwer Academic 

Publishers, Dordrecht. 

Fairchild, M. (1998). Color Appearance Models. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA. 

Fairchild, M. D. (2005). Color Appearance Models. Wiley, 2nd edition. 

Farbman, Z., Fattal, R., Lischinski, D., and Szeliski, R. (2008). Edge-preserving decompositions for 

multi-scale tone and detail manipulation. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 27(3). 

Farin, G. (1992). From conics to NURBS: A tutorial and survey. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 

12(5), 78–86. 

Farin, G. E. (1996). Curves and Surfaces for Computer Aided Geometric Design: A Practical Guide. 

Academic Press, Boston, Massachusetts, 4th edition. 

Fattal, R. (2007). Image upsampling via imposed edge statistics. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 26(3). 

Fattal, R., Lischinski, D., and Werman, M. (2002). Gradient domain high dynamic range compression. 

ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), 21(3), 249–256. 

Faugeras, O. (1993). Three-dimensional computer vision: A geometric viewpoint. MIT Press, Cambridge, 

Massachusetts. 

Faugeras, O. and Keriven, R. (1998). Variational principles, surface evolution, PDEs, level set methods, 

and the stereo problem. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 7(3), 335–344. 

Faugeras, O. and Luong, Q.-T. (2001). The Geometry of Multiple Images. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. 

Faugeras, O. D. (1992). What can be seen in three dimensions with an uncalibrated stereo rig? In Second 

European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’92), pages 563–578, Springer-Verlag, Santa Margherita 

Liguere, Italy. 

Faugeras, O. D. and Hebert, M. (1987). The representation, recognition and positioning of 3-D shapes 

from range data. In Kanade, T., editor, Three-Dimensional Machine Vision, pages 301–353, Kluwer Academic 

Publishers, Boston.


Favaro, P., Duci, A., Ma, Y., and Soatto, S. (2003). On exploiting occlusions in multiple-view geometry. 

In Ninth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), pages 479–486, Nice, France. 

Fawcett, T. (2006). An introduction to ROC analysis. Pattern Recognition Letters, 27, 861–874. 

Fei-Fei, L. and Perona, P. (2005). A bayesian hierarchical model for learning natural scene categories. 



Fei-Fei, L., Fergus, R., and Perona, P. (2006). One-shot learning of object categories. IEEE Transactions 


Fei-Fei, L., Fergus, R., and Torralba, A. (2007). Short course on recognizing and learning object categories. 


Minneapolis, MN. http://people.csail.mit.edu/torralba/shortCourseRLOC/. 

Feilner, M. et al.. (2005). An orthogonal family of quincunx wavelets with continuously adjustable order. 


Felzenszwalb, P., McAllester, D., and Ramanan, D. (2008). A discriminatively trained, multiscale, deformable 

part model. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Felzenszwalb, P. F. and Huttenlocher, D. P. (2004a). Distance Transforms of Sampled Functions. Technical 

Report TR2004-1963, Cornell University Computing and Information Science. 

Felzenszwalb, P. F. and Huttenlocher, D. P. (2004b). Efficient graph-based image segmentation. International 


Felzenszwalb, P. F. and Huttenlocher, D. P. (2004c). Efficient belief propagation for early vision. In IEEE 


IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC. 

Felzenszwalb, P. F. and Huttenlocher, D. P. (2005). Pictorial structures for object recognition. International 


Ferencz, A., Learned-Miller, E. G., and Malik, J. (2008). Learning to locate informative features for visual 

identification. International Journal of Computer Vision, 77(1-3), 3–24. 

Fergus, R. (2007a). Combined segmentation and recognition. In Recognizing and Learning Object 

Categories. CVPR 2007 Short Course on Recognizing and Learning Object Categories, http: 

//people.csail.mit.edu/torralba/shortCourseRLOC/. 

Fergus, R. (2007b). Part-based models. In Recognizing and Learning Object Categories. CVPR 2007 

Short Course on Recognizing and Learning Object Categories, http://people.csail.mit.edu/ 

torralba/shortCourseRLOC/.


Fergus, R., Perona, P., and Zisserman, A. (2003). Object class recognition by unsupervised scaleinvariant 

learning. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 

(CVPR’2003), pages 264–271, Madison, WI. 

Fergus, R., Perona, P., and Zisserman, A. (2005). A sparse object category model for efficient learning 

and exhaustive recognition. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern 

Recognition (CVPR’2005), pages 380–387, San Diego, CA. 

Fergus, R., Perona, P., and Zisserman, A. (2007). Weakly supervised scale-invariant learning of models 

for visual recognition. International Journal of Computer Vision, 71(3), 273–303. 

Fergus, R., Fei-Fei, L., Perona, P., and Zisserman, A. (2005). Learning object categories from Google’s 

image search. In Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2005), pages 1816–1823, 

Beijing, China. 

Fergus, R., Singh, B., Hertzmann, A., Roweis, S. T., and Freeman, W. T. (2006). Removing camera shake 

from a single photograph. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 25(3), 787–794. 

Ferrari, V., Tuytelaars, T., and Gool, L. V. (2006a). Object detection by contour segment networks. In 

Leonardis, A., Bischof, H., and Pinz, A., editors, Computer Vision – ECCV 2006, pages 14–28, Springer. 

Ferrari, V., Tuytelaars, T., and Gool, L. V. (2006b). Simultaneous object recognition and segmentation 

from single or multiple model views. International Journal of Computer Vision, 67(2), 159–188. 

Finkelstein, A. and Salesin, D. H. (1994). Multiresolution curves. In Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 94, 

pages 261–268. 

Fischler, M. A. and Bolles, R. C. (1981). Random sample consensus: A paradigm for model fitting with 

applications to image analysis and automated cartography. Communications of the ACM, 24(6), 381–395. 

Fischler, M. A. and Elschlager, R. A. (1973). The representation and matching of pictorial structures. 

IEEE Transactions on Computers, 22(1), 67–92. 

Fischler, M. A. and Firschein, O. (1987). Readings in Computer Vision. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 

Inc., Los Altos. 

Fischler, M. A., Firschein, O., Barnard, S. T., Fua, P. V., and Leclerc, Y. (1989). The Vision Problem: 

Exploiting Parallel Computation. Technical Note 458, SRI International, Menlo Park. 

Fitzgibbon, A. W. and Zisserman, A. (1998). Automatic camera recovery for closed and open image 

sequences. In Fifth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’98), pages 311–326, Springer- 

Verlag, Freiburg, Germany. 

Fitzgibbon, A. W., Cross, G., and Zisserman, A. (1998). Automatic 3D model construction for turn-table 

sequences. In Koch, R. and Van Gool, L., editors, European Workshop on 3D Structure from Multiple 

Images of Large-Scale Environments (SMILE), pages 155–170, Springer-Verlag, Freiburg.


Fleet, D. and Jepson, A. (1990). Computation of component image velocity from local phase information. 


Fletcher, R. (1980). Conjugate Direction Methods in Optimization. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 

England. 

Fleuret, F. and Geman, D. (2001). Coarse-to-fine face detection. International Journal of Computer 

Vision, 41(1/2), 85–107. 

Flickner, M. et al.. (1995). Query by image and video content: The qbic system. Computer, 28(9), 23–32. 

Foley, J. D., van Dam, A., Feiner, S. K., and Hughes, J. F. (1995). Computer Graphics: Principles and 

Practice. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 2 edition. 

Förstner, W. (1986). A feature-based correspondence algorithm for image matching. Intl. Arch. Photogrammetry 

& Remote Sensing, 26(3), 150–166. 

Förstner, W. (1994). A framework for low level feature extraction. In Third European Conference on 

Computer Vision (ECCV’94), pages 383–394, Springer-Verlag, Stockholm, Sweden. 

Förstner, W. (2005). Uncertainty and projective geometry. In Bayro-Corrochano, E., editor, Handbook of 

Geometric Computing, pages 493–534, Springer, New York. 

Forsyth, D. et al.. (2005). Computational studies of human motion. Foundations and Trends in Computer 

Graphics and Computer Vision, 1(2). 

Forsyth, D. and Ponce, J. (2003). Computer Vision: A Modern Approach. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle 

River, NJ. 

Forsyth, D. A. and Fleck, M. M. (1999). Automatic detection of human nudes. International Journal of 


Fowlkes, C. C. et al.. (2004). Spectral grouping using the Nyström method. IEEE Transactions on Pattern 

Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 26(2), 214–225. 

Frahm, J.-M. and Koch, R. (2003). Camera calibration with known rotation. In Ninth International 


Freeman, M. (2008). Mastering HDR Photography. Amphoto Books, New York. 

Freeman, W. T. (1992). Steerable Filters and Local Analysis of Image Structure. Ph.D. thesis, Massachusetts 

Institute of Technology. 

Freeman, W. T., Anderson, D. B., Beardsley, P. A., Dodge, C. N., Roth, M., Weissman, C. D., Yerazunis, 

W. S., Kage, H., Kyuma, K., Miyake, Y., and Tanaka, K. (1998). Computer vision for interactive computer 

graphics. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 18(3), 42–53.


Freeman, W. T. and Adelson, E. H. (1991). The design and use of steerable filters. IEEE Transactions on 


Freeman, W. T., Jones, T. R., and Pasztor, E. C. (2002). Example-based super-resolution. IEEE Computer 

Graphics and Applications, 22(2), 56–65. 

Freeman, W. T., Pasztor, E. C., and Carmichael, O. T. (2000). Learning low-level vision. International 


Freeman, W. T., Beardsley, P. A., Kage, H., Tanaka, K.-I., Kyuma, K., and Weissman, C. D. (1999). 

Computer vision for computer interaction. Computer Graphics, 33(4), 65–68. 

Friedman, J., Hastie, T., and Tibshirani, R. (2000). Additive logistic regression: a statistical view of 

boosting. Annals of Statistics, 38(2), 337–374. 

Frisken, S. F., Perry, R. N., Rockwood, A. P., and Jones, T. R. (2000). Adaptively sampled distance fields: 

A general representation of shape for computer graphics. Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 2000, , 249–254. 

ISBN 1-58113-208-5. 

Fritz, M. and Schiele, B. (2008). Decomposition, discovery and detection of visual categories using 

topic models. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 


Frome, A., Singer, Y., Sha, F., and Malik, J. (2007). Learning globally-consistent local distance functions 

for shape-based image retrieval and classification. In Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision 

(ICCV 2007), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. 

Fua, P. (1993). A parallel stereo algorithm that produces dense depth maps and preserves image features. 

Machine Vision and Applications, 6(1), 35–49. 

Fua, P. and Leclerc, Y. G. (1995). Object-centered surface reconstruction: Combining multi-image stereo 

and shading. International Journal of Computer Vision, 16, 35–56. 

Fua, P. and Sander, P. (1992). Segmenting unstructured 3D points into surfaces. In Second European 

Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’92), pages 676–680, Springer-Verlag, Santa Margherita Liguere, 

Italy. 

Fuh, C.-S. and Maragos, P. (1991). Motion displacement estimation using an affine model for image 

matching. Optical Engineering, 30(7), 881–887. 

Fukunaga, K. and Hostetler, L. D. (1975). The estimation of the gradient of a density function, with 

applications in pattern recognition. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 21, 32–40. 

Furukawa, Y. and Ponce, J. (2006). Carved visual hulls for image-based modeling. In Leonardis, A., 

Bischof, H., and Pinz, A., editors, Computer Vision – ECCV 2006, pages 564–577, Springer.


Furukawa, Y. and Ponce, J. (2007). Accurate, dense, and robust multi-view stereopsis. In IEEE Computer 

Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2007), Minneapolis, MN. 

Furukawa, Y. and Ponce, J. (2008a). Accurate calibration from multi-view stereo and bundle adjustment. 



Furukawa, Y. and Ponce, J. (2008b). Dense 3d motion capture from synchronized video streams. In IEEE 

Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2008), Anchorage, 

AK. 

Gallagher, A. C. and Chen, T. (2008). Multi-image graph cut clothing segmentation for recognizing 

people. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2008), 


Gallup, D., Frahm, J.-M., Mordohai, P., and Pollefeys, M. (2008). Variable baseline/resolution stereo. In 


AK. 

Gamble, E. and Poggio, T. (1987). Visual integration and detection of discontinuities: the key role of 

intensity edges. A. I. Memo 970, Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 

Gargallo, P., Prados, E., and Sturm, P. (2007). Minimizing the reprojection error in surface reconstruction 

from images. In Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2007), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. 

Gavrila, D. M. (1999). The visual analysis of human movement: A survey. Computer Vision and Image 


Gavrila, D. M. and Philomin, V. (1999). Real-time object detection for smart vehicles. In IEEE Computer 


Geiger, D. and Girosi, F. (1991). Parallel and deterministic algorithms for MRF’s: Surface reconstruction. 


Geiger, D., Ladendorf, B., and Yuille, A. (1992). Occlusions and binocular stereo. In Second European 

Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’92), pages 425–433, Springer-Verlag, Santa Margherita Liguere, 

Italy. 

Gelb, A., editor. (1974). Applied Optimal Estimation. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Geman, S. and Geman, D. (1984). Stochastic relaxation, Gibbs distribution, and the Bayesian restoration 

of images. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, PAMI-6(6), 721–741. 

Gennert, M. A. (1988). Brightness-based stereo matching. In Second International Conference on Computer 

Vision (ICCV’88), pages 139–143, IEEE Computer Society Press, Tampa.


Gersho, A. and Gray, R. M. (1991). Vector Quantization and Signal Compression. Springer. 

Gevers, T., van de Weijer, J., and Stokman, H. (2006). Color feature detection. In Lukac, R. and Plataniotis, 

K. N., editors, Color Image Processing: Methods and Applications, CRC Press. 

Gill, P. E., Murray, W., and Wright, M. H. (1981). Practical Optimization. Academic Press, Inc., London, 

England. 

Gionis, A., Indyk, P., and Motwani, R. (1999). Similarity search in high dimensions via hashing. In 25th 

International Conference on Very Large Data Bases (VLDB’99), pages 518–529. 

Girod, B., Greiner, G., and Niemann, H., editors. (2000). Principles of 3D Image Analysis and Synthesis, 

Kluwer, Boston. 

Glassner, A. S. (1995). Principles of Digital Image Synthesis. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Francisco. 

Gleicher, M. (1995). Image snapping. Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 95, , 183–190. ISBN 0-201-84776-0. 

Held in Los Angeles, California. 

Gleicher, M. (1997). Projective registration with difference decomposition. In IEEE Computer Society 

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’97), pages 331–337, San Juan, Puerto 

Rico. 

Gleicher, M. (1999). Animation from observation: Motion capture and motion editing. Computer Graphics, 

33(4), 51–54. 

Gleicher, M. and Witkin, A. (1992). Through-the-lens camera control. Computer Graphics (SIG- 

GRAPH’92), 26(2), 331–340. 

Glocker, B., Paragios, N., Komodakis, N., Tziritas, G., and Navab, N. (2008). Optical flow estimation 

with uncertainties through dynamic MRFs. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision 

and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2008), Anchorage, AK. 

Gluckman, J. (2006a). Higher order image pyramids. In Leonardis, A., Bischof, H., and Pinz, A., editors, 

Computer Vision – ECCV 2006, pages 308–320, Springer. 

Gluckman, J. (2006b). Scale variant image pyramids. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer 

Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2006), pages 1069–1075, New York City, NY. 

Goesele, M. et al.. (2003). Accuracy of 3d range scanners by measurement of the slanted edge modulation 

transfer function. In Fourth International Conference on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling, Banff. 

Goesele, M., Curless, B., and Seitz, S. (2006). Multi-view stereo revisited. In IEEE Computer Society 

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2006), pages 2402–2409, New York City, 

NY.


Goesele, M., Snavely, N., Curless, B., Hoppe, H., and Seitz, S. M. (2007). Multi-view stereo for community 

photo collections. In Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2007), Rio de 

Janeiro, Brasil. 

Goldberg, A. V. and Tarjan, R. E. (1988). A new approach to the maximum-flow problem. Journal of the 

Association for Computing Machinery, 35(4), 921–940. 

Goldman, D. B. and Chen, J.-H. (2005). Vignette and exposure calibration and compensation. In Tenth 


Golub, G. and Van Loan, C. F. (1996). Matrix Computation, third edition. The John Hopkins University 

Press, Baltimore and London. 

Gomes, J. and Velho, L. (1997). Image Processing for Computer Graphics. Springer-Verlag, New York. 

Gomes, J., Darsa, L., Costa, B., and Velho, L. (1999). Warping and Morphing of Graphical Objects. 

Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Francisco. 

Gong, M., Yang, R., Wang, L., and Gong, M. (2007). A performance study on different cost aggregation 

approaches used in realtime stereo matching. International Journal of Computer Vision, 75(2), 283–296. 

Gonzales, R. C. and Woods, R. E. (2002). Digital Image Processing. Addison-Wesley. 

Gooch, B. and Gooch, A. (2001). Non-Photorealistic Rendering. A K Peters, Ltd, Natick, Massachusetts. 

Gordon, I. and Lowe, D. G. (2007). What and where: 3D object recognition with accurate pose. In 

Ponce, J., Hebert, M., Schmid, C., and Zisserman, A., editors, Toward Category-Level Object Recognition, 

pages 67–82, Springer, New York. 

Gortler, S. J. and Cohen, M. F. (1995). Hierarchical and variational geometric modeling with wavelets. In 

Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics, pages 35–43, Monterey, CA. 

Gortler, S. J., Grzeszczuk, R., Szeliski, R., and Cohen, M. F. (1996). The Lumigraph. In Computer 

Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, pages 43–54, ACM SIGGRAPH, Proc. SIGGRAPH’96 

(New Orleans). 

Goshtasby, A. (1989). Correction of image deformation from lens distortion using bezier patches. Computer 

Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing, 47(4), 385–394. 

Goshtasby, A. (2005). 2-D and 3-D Image Registration. Wiley, New York. 

Govindu, V. M. (2006). Revisiting the brightness constraint: Probabilistic formulation and algorithms. In 


Grady, L. (2006). Random walks for image segmentation. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and 

Machine Intelligence, 28(11), 1768–1783.


Grady, L. (2008). A lattice-preserving multigrid method for solving the inhomogeneous poisson equations 

used in image analysis. In Tenth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2008), pages 252–264, 

Springer-Verlag, Marseilles. 

Grady, L. and Ali, S. (2008). Fast approximate random walker segmentation using eigenvector precomputation. 



Grady, L. and Alvino, C. (2008). Reformulating and optimizing the Mumford-Shah functional on a graph 

— a faster, lower energy solution. In Tenth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2008), 

pages 248–261, Springer-Verlag, Marseilles. 

Grauman, K. and Darrell, T. (2005). Efficient image matching with distributions of local invariant features. 



Grauman, K. and Darrell, T. (2007a). Pyramid match hashing: Sub-linear time indexing over partial 

correspondences. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 

(CVPR 2007), Minneapolis, MN. 

Grauman, K. and Darrell, T. (2007b). The pyramid match kernel: Efficient learning with sets of features. 

Journal of Machine Learning Research, 8, 725–760. 

Greene, N. (1986). Environment mapping and other applications of world projections. IEEE Computer 

Graphics and Applications, 6(11), 21–29. 

Greene, N. and Heckbert, P. (1986). Creating raster Omnimax images from multiple perspective views 

using the elliptical weighted average filter. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 6(6), 21–27. 

Greig, D., Porteous, B., and Seheult, A. (1989). Exact maximum a posteriori estimation for binary images. 

Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B, 51(2), 271–279. 

Gremban, K. D., Thorpe, C. E., and Kanade, T. (1988). Geometric camera calibration using systems of 

linear equations. In IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, pages 562–567, IEEE 

Computer Society Press, Philadelphia. 

Grimson, W. E. L. (1983). An implementation of a computational theory of visual surface interpolation. 

Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing, 22, 39–69. 

Grimson, W. E. L. (1985). Computational experiments with a feature based stereo algorithm. IEEE 

Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, PAMI-7(1), 17–34. 

Gross, R., Matthews, I., and Baker, S. (2006). Active appearance models with occlusion. Image and 

Vision Computing, 24(6), 593–604.


Gross, R., Shi, J., and Cohn, J. F. (2005a). Quo vadis face recognition? In IEEE Workshop on Empirical 

Evaluation Methods in Computer Vision, IEEE Computer Society, San Diego. 

Gross, R., Baker, S., Matthews, I., and Kanade, T. (2005b). Face recognition across pose and illumination. 

In Li, S. Z. and Jain, A. K., editors, Handbook of Face Recognition, Springer. 

Gross, R., Sweeney, L., la Torre, F. D., and Baker, S. (2008). Semi-supervised learning of multi-factor 

models for face de-identification. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern 

Recognition (CVPR 2008), Anchorage, AK. 

Grossberg, M. D. and Nayar, S. K. (2001). A general imaging model and a method for finding its parameters. 

In Eighth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2001), pages 108–115, Vancouver, 

Canada. 

Grossberg, M. D. and Nayar, S. K. (2004). Modeling the space of camera response functions. IEEE 


Guenter, B. et al.. (1998). Making faces. Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 98, , 55–66. 

Habbecke, M. and Kobbelt, L. (2007). A surface-growing approach to multi-view stereo reconstruction. 

In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2007), Minneapolis, 

MN. 

Hager, G. D. and Belhumeur, P. N. (1998). Efficient region tracking with parametric models of geometry 

and illumination. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 20(10), 1025–1039. 

Hall, R. (1989). Illumination and Color in Computer Generated Imagery. Springer-Verlag, New York. 

Hampel, F. R. et al.. (1986). Robust Statistics : The Approach Based on Influence Functions. Wiley, New 

York. 

Han, F. and Zhu, S.-C. (2005). Bottom-up/top-down image parsing by attribute graph grammar. In Tenth 


Hannah, M. J. (1974). Computer Matching of Areas in Stereo Images. Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University. 

Hannah, M. J. (1988). Test results from SRI’s stereo system. In Image Understanding Workshop, 

pages 740–744, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Hansen, M., Anandan, P., Dana, K., van der Wal, G., and Burt, P. (1994). Real-time scene stabilization and 

mosaic construction. In IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV’94), pages 54–62, 

IEEE Computer Society, Sarasota. 

Hanson, A. R. and Riseman, E. M., editors. (1978). Computer Vision Systems, Academic Press, New 

York.


Haralick, R. M. and Shapiro, L. G. (1985). Image segmentation techniques. Computer Vision, Graphics, 

and Image Processing, 29(1), 100–132. 

Haralick, R. M. and Shapiro, L. G. (1992). Computer and Robot Vision. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA. 

Haralick, R. M., Lee, C.-N., Ottenberg, K., and Nölle, M. (1994). Review and analysis of solutions of 

the three point perspective pose estimation problem. International Journal of Computer Vision, 13(3), 

331–356. 

Hardie, R. C., Barnard, K. J., and Armstrong, E. E. (1997). Joint MAP registration and high-resolution 

image estimation using asequence of undersampled images. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 

6(12), 1621–1633. 

Harker, M. and O’Leary, P. (2008). Least squares surface reconstruction from measured gradient fields. In 


AK. 

Harris, C. and Stephens, M. J. (1988). A combined corner and edge detector. In Alvey Vision Conference, 

pages 147–152. 

Hartley, R., Gupta, R., and Chang, T. (1992). Estimation of relative camera positions for uncalibrated 

cameras. In Second European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’92), pages 579–587, Springer- 

Verlag, Santa Margherita Liguere, Italy. 

Hartley, R. I. (1994a). An algorithm for self calibration from several views. In IEEE Computer Society 

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’94), pages 908–912, IEEE Computer 

Society, Seattle. 

Hartley, R. I. (1994b). Projective reconstruction and invariants from multiple images. IEEE Transactions 


Hartley, R. I. (1994c). Self-calibration from multiple views of a rotating camera. In Third European 

Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’94), pages 471–478, Springer-Verlag, Stockholm, Sweden. 

Hartley, R. I. (1997a). In defense of the 8-point algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and 


Hartley, R. I. (1997b). Self-calibration of stationary cameras. International Journal of Computer Vision, 

22(1), 5–23. 

Hartley, R. I. (1998). Chirality. International Journal of Computer Vision, 26(1), 41–61. 

Hartley, R. I. and Kang, S. B. (2005). Parameter-free radial distortion correction with centre of distortion 

estimation. In Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2005), pages 1834–1841, 

Beijing, China.


Hartley, R. I. and Sturm, P. (1997). Triangulation. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 68(2), 

146–157. 

Hartley, R. I. and Zisserman, A. (2004). Multiple View Geometry. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 

UK. 

Hartley, R. I., Hayman, E., de Agapito, L., and Reid, I. (2000). Camera calibration and the search for infinity. 


pages 510–517, Hilton Head Island. 

Hasinoff, S. W., Kang, S. B., and Szeliski, R. (2006). Boundary matting for view synthesis. Computer 

Vision and Image Understanding, 103(1), 22–32. 

Hastie, T., Tibshirani, R., and Friedman, J. (2001). The Elements of Statistical Learning: Data Mining, 

Inference, and Prediction. Springer-Verlag, New York. 

Hayes, B. (2008). Computational photography. American Scientist, 96, 94–99. 

Hays, J. and Efros, A. A. (2007). Scene completion using millions of photographs. ACM Transactions on 


He, L.-W. and Zhang, Z. (2005). Real-time whiteboard capture and processing using a video camera for 

teleconferencing. In IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP 

2005), pages 1113–1116, Philadelphia. 

He, X., Zemel, R. S., and Ray, D. (2006). Learning and incorporating top-down cues in image segmentation. 

In Leonardis, A., Bischof, H., and Pinz, A., editors, Computer Vision – ECCV 2006, pages 338–351, 

Springer. 

Healey, G. E. and Kondepudy, R. (1994). Radiometric CCD camera calibration and noise estimation. 


Healey, G. E. and Shafer, S. A. (1992). Color. Physics-Based Vision: Principles and Practice, Jones & 

Bartlett, Cambridge, MA. 

Heath, M. D., Sarkar, S., Sanocki, T., and Bowyer, K. W. (1998). Comparison of edge detectors. Computer 


Hecht, E. (2001). Optics. Pearson Addison Wesley, Reading, MA, 4th edition. 

Heckbert, P. (1986). Survey of texture mapping. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 6(11), 

56–67. 

Heckbert, P. (1989). Fundamentals of Texture Mapping and Image Warping. Master’s thesis, The University 

of California at Berkeley.


Heeger, D. J. (1988). Optical flow using spatiotemporal filters. International Journal of Computer Vision, 

1(1), 279–302. 

Heeger, D. J. and Bergen, J. R. (1995). Pyramid-based texture analysis/synthesis. Proceedings of SIG- 

GRAPH 95, , 229–238. 

Heisele, B., Serre, T., and Poggio, T. (2007). A component-based framework for face detection and 

identification. International Journal of Computer Vision, 74(2), 167–181. 

Heisele, B., Ho, P., Wu, J., and Poggio, T. (2003). Face recognition: component-based versus global 

approaches. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 91(1-2), 6–21. 

Herley, C. (2005). Automatic occlusion removal from minimum number of images. In International 

Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2005), pages 1046–1049–16, Genova. 

Hernandez, C. and Schmitt, F. (2004). Silhouette and stereo fusion for 3d object modeling. Computer 


Hernandez, C., Vogiatzis, G., and Cipolla, R. (2007). Probabilistic visibility for multi-view stereo. In 

IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2007), Minneapolis, 

MN. 

Hershberger, J. and Snoeyink, J. (1992). Speeding Up the Douglas-Peucker Line-Simplification Algorithm. 

Technical Report TR-92-07, Computer Science Department, The University of British Columbia. 

Hertzmann, A. et al.. (2001). Image analogies. In Fiume, E., editor, SIGGRAPH 2001, Computer Graphics 

Proceedings, pages 327–340, ACM Press / ACM SIGGRAPH. 

Hillman, P., Hannah, J., and Renshaw, D. (2001). Alpha channel estimation in high resolution images and 

image sequences. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 

(CVPR’2001), pages 1063–1068, Kauai, Hawaii. 

Hilton, A. et al.. (1996). Reliable surface reconstruction from multiple range images. In Fourth European 

Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’96), pages 117–126, Springer-Verlag, Cambridge, England. 

Hinckley, K., Sinclair, M., Hanson, E., Szeliski, R., and Conway, M. (1999). The VideoMouse: a camerabased 

multi-degree-of-freedom input device. In 12th annual ACM symposium on User interface software 

and technology, pages 103–112, ACM SIGGRAPH. 

Hinterstoisser, S., Benhimane, S., Navab, N., Fua, P., and Lepetit, V. (2008). Online learning of patch 

perspective rectification for efficient object detection. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer 

Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2008), Anchorage, AK. 

Hinton, G. E. (1977). Relaxation and its Role in Vision. Ph.D. thesis, University of Edinburgh.


Hirschmüller, H. (2008). Stereo processing by semiglobal matching and mutual information. IEEE 


Hirschmüller, H. and Scharstein, D. (2009). Evaluation of stereo matching costs on images with radiometric 

differences. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 31(?), ?–? 

Hjaltason, G. R. and Samet, H. (2003). Index-driven similarity search in metric spaces. ACM Transactions 

on Database Systems, 28(4), 517–580. 

Hoiem, D., Efros, A., and Hebert, M. (2006). Putting objects in perspective. In IEEE Computer Society 


NY. 

Hoiem, D., Efros, A. A., and Hebert, M. (2005a). Automatic photo pop-up. ACM Transactions on 

Graphics, 24(3), 577–584. 

Hoiem, D., Efros, A. A., and Hebert, M. (2005b). Geometric context from a single image. In Tenth 


Hoiem, D., Efros, A. A., and Hebert, M. (2008). Putting objects in perspective. International Journal of 


Hoiem, D., Rother, C., and Winn, J. (2007). 3D LayoutCRF for multi-view object class recognition and 

segmentation. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 

2007), Minneapolis, MN. 

Hoppe, W. et al.. (1992). Surface reconstruction from unorganized points. Computer Graphics (SIG- 

GRAPH’92), 26(2), 71–78. 

Hoppe, W. et al.. (1993). Mesh optimization. Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH’93), , 19–25. 

Horn, B. K. P. (1974). Determining lightness from an image. Computer Graphics and Image Processing, 

3(1), 277–299. 

Horn, B. K. P. (1975). Obtaining shape from shading information. In Winston, P. H., editor, The Psychology 

of Computer Vision, pages 115–155, McGraw-Hill, New York. 

Horn, B. K. P. (1986). Robot Vision. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Horn, B. K. P. (1987). Closed-form solution of absolute orientation using unit quaternions. Journal of the 

Optical Society of America A, 4(4), 629–642. 

Horn, B. K. P. (1990). Height and gradient from shading. International Journal of Computer Vision, 5(1), 

37–75.


Horn, B. K. P. and Weldon Jr., E. J. (1988). Direct methods for recovering motion. International Journal 


Horn, B. K. P. and Brooks, M. J. (1986). The variational approach to shape from shading. Computer 

Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing, 33, 174–208. 

Horn, B. K. P. and Brooks, M. J. (1989). Shape from Shading. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Horn, B. K. P. and Schunck, B. G. (1981). Determining optical flow. Artificial Intelligence, 17, 185–203. 

Hornung, A., Zeng, B., and Kobbelt, L. (2008). Image selection for improved multi-view stereo. In IEEE 


AK. 

Horry, Y., ichi Anjyo, K., and Arai, K. (1997). Tour into the picture: Using a spidery mesh interface to 

make animation from a single image. Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 97, , 225–232. ISBN 0-89791-896-7. 


Hough, P. V. C. (1962). Method and means for recognizing complex patterns. U. S. Patent, 3,069,654. 

Houhou, N., Thiran, J.-P., and Bresson, X. (2008). Fast texture segmentation using the shape operator 

and active contour. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Hsieh, Y. C., McKeown, D., and Perlant, F. P. (1992). Performance evaluation of scene registration and 

stereo matching for cartographic feature extraction. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine 

Intelligence, 14(2), 214–238. 

Hua, G., Brown, M., and Winder, S. (2007). Discriminant embedding for local image descriptors. In 

Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2007), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. 

Huang, G. B., Ramesh, M., Berg, T., and Learned-Miller, E. (2007). Labeled Faces in the Wild: A 

Database for Studying Face Recognition in Unconstrained Environments. Technical Report 07-49, University 

of Massachusetts, Amherst. 

Huang, T. S. (1981). Image Sequence Analysis. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg. 

Huber, P. J. (1981). Robust Statistics. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 

Huffel, S. V. and Lemmerling, P., editors. (2002). Total Least Squares and Errors-in-Variables Modeling, 

Springer. 

Huffman, D. A. (1971). Impossible objects and nonsense sentences. Machine Intelligence, 8, 295–323. 

Huguet, F. and Devernay, F. (2007). A variational method for scene flow estimation from stereo sequences. 

In Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2007), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.


Huttenlocher, D. P., Klanderman, G., and Rucklidge, W. (1993). Comparing images using the Hausdorff 

distance. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 15(9), 850–863. 

Huynh, D. Q., Hartley, R., and Heyden, A. (2003). Outlier correcton in image sequences for the affine camera. 


Igarashi, T., Nishino, K., and Nayar, S. (2007). The appearance of human skin: A survey. Foundations 

and Trends in Computer Graphics and Computer Vision, 3(1). 

Illingworth, J. and Kittler, J. (1988). A survey of the Hough transform. Computer Vision, Graphics, and 

Image Processing, 44, 87–116. 

Intille, S. S. and Bobick, A. F. (1994). Disparity-space images and large occlusion stereo. In Proc. Third 

European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’94), Springer-Verlag, Stockholm, Sweden. 

Irani, M. and Anandan, P. (1998). Video indexing based on mosaic representations. Proceedings of the 

IEEE, 86(5), 905–921. 

Irani, M. and Anandan, P. (1999). About direct methods. In International Workshop on Vision Algorithms, 

pages 267–277, Springer, Kerkyra, Greece. 

Irani, M. and Peleg, S. (1991). Improving resolution by image registration. Graphical Models and Image 

Processing, 53(3), 231–239. 

Irani, M., Hsu, S., and Anandan, P. (1995). Video compression using mosaic representations. Signal 

Processing: Image Communication, 7, 529–552. 

Irani, M., Rousso, B., and Peleg, S. (1994). Computing occluding and transparent motions. International 


Irani, M., Rousso, B., and Peleg, S. (1997). Recovery of ego-motion using image stabilization. IEEE 


Isard, M. and Blake, A. (1998). CONDENSATION—conditional density propagation for visual tracking. 


Ishiguro, H., Yamamoto, M., and Tsuji, S. (1992). Omni-directional stereo. IEEE Transactions on Pattern 


Ishikawa, H. (2003). Exact optimization for Markov random fields with convex priors. IEEE Transactions 


Ishikawa, H. and Geiger, D. (1998). Occlusions, discontinuities, and epipolar lines in stereo. In Fifth European 

Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’98), pages 232–248, Springer-Verlag, Freiburg, Germany.


Isidoro, J. and Sclaroff, S. (2003). Stochastic refinement of the visual hull to satisfy photometric and 

silhouette consistency constraints. In Ninth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), 

pages 1335–1342, Nice, France. 

J. S. Wiejak, H. B. and Buxton, B. F. (1985). Convolution with separable masks for early image processing. 

Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing, 32(3), 279–290. 

Jacobs, C. E., Finkelstein, A., and Salesin, D. H. (1995). Fast multiresolution image querying. Proceedings 

of SIGGRAPH 95, , 277–286. 

Jähne, B. (1997). Digital Image Processing. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 

Jain, A. K. and Dubes, R. C. (1988). Algorithms for Clustering Data. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 

New Jersey. 

Jain, A. K., Duin, R. P. W., and Mao, J. (2000). Statistical pattern recognition: A review. IEEE Transactions 


Jain, A. K., Topchy, A., Law, M. H. C., and Buhmann, J. M. (2004). Landscape of clustering algorithms. 

In International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR 2004), pages 260–263. 

Jenkin, M. R. M., Jepson, A. D., and Tsotsos, J. K. (1991). Techniques for disparity measurement. 

CVGIP: Image Understanding, 53(1), 14–30. 

Jia, J. and Tang, C.-K. (2003). Image registration with global and local luminance alignment. In Ninth 


Jia, J., Sun, J., Tang, C.-K., and Shum, H.-Y. (2006). Drag-and-drop pasting. ACM Transactions on 

Graphics, 25(3), 631–636. 

Johnson, A. E. and Kang, S. B. (1997). Registration and integration of textured 3-D data. In International 

Conference on Recent Advances in 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling, Ottawa. 

Jojic, N. and Frey, B. J. (2001). Learning flexible sprites in video layers. In IEEE Computer Society 

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2001), pages 199–206, Kauai, Hawaii. 

Jones, D. G. and Malik, J. (1992). A computational framework for determining stereo correspondence 

from a set of linear spatial filters. In Second European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’92), 

pages 397–410, Springer-Verlag, Santa Margherita Liguere, Italy. 

Jones, M. J. and Rehg, J. M. (2001). Statistical color models with application to skin detection. International 


Jordan, M. I. et al.. (1999). An introduction to variational methods for graphical models. Machine 

Learning, 37(2), 183–233.


Joshi, N., Matusik, W., and Avidan, S. (2006). Natural video matting using camera arrays. ACM Transactions 

on Graphics, 25(3), 779–786. 

Joshi, N., Szeliski, R., and Kriegman, D. J. (2008). PSF estimation using sharp edge prediction. In IEEE 


AK. 

Ju, S. X., Black, M. J., and Jepson, A. D. (1996). Skin and bones: Multi-layer, locally affine, optical 

flow and regularization with transparency. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and 

Pattern Recognition (CVPR’96), pages 307–314, San Francisco. 

Jurie, F. and Dhome, M. (2002). Hyperplane approximation for template matching. IEEE Transactions 


Jurie, F. and Schmid, C. (2004). Scale-invariant shape features for recognition of object categories. In 

IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2004), pages ?– 

?, IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC. 

Kadir, T., Zisserman, A., and Brady, M. (2004). An affine invariant salient region detector. In Eighth 

European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2004), pages 228–241, Springer-Verlag, Prague. 

Kaftory, R., Schechner, Y., and Zeevi, Y. (2007). Variational distance-dependent image restoration. In 

IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2007), Minneapolis, 

MN. 

Kakumanu, P. et al.. (2007). A survey of skin-color modeling and detection methods. Pattern Recognition, 

40(3), 1106–1122. 

Kamvar, S. D., Klein, D., and Manning, C. D. (2002). Interpreting and extending classical agglomerative 

clustering algorithms using a model-based approach. In International Conference on Machine Learning, 

pages 283–290. 

Kanade, T. (1977). Computer Recognition of Human Faces. Birkhauser, Basel. 

Kanade, T. (1980). A theory of the origami world. Artificial Intelligence, 13, 279–311. 

Kanade, T., editor. (1987). Three-Dimensional Machine Vision, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston. 

Kanade, T. (1994). Development of a video-rate stereo machine. In Image Understanding Workshop, 

pages 549–557, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Monterey. 

Kanade, T. and Okutomi, M. (1994). A stereo matching algorithm with an adaptive window: Theory and 

experiment. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 16(9), 920–932.


Kanade, T. et al.. (1996). A stereo machine for video-rate dense depth mapping and its new applications. 


pages 196–202, San Francisco. 

Kanade, T., Rander, P. W., and Narayanan, P. J. (1997). Virtualized reality: constructing virtual worlds 

from real scenes. IEEE MultiMedia Magazine, 1(1), 34–47. 

Kang, S. B. (1999). A survey of image-based rendering techniques. In Videometrics VI, pages 2–16, SPIE, 

San Jose. 

Kang, S. B. (2001). Radial distortion snakes. IEICE Trans. Inf. & Syst., E84-D(12), 1603–1611. 

Kang, S. B. and Szeliski, R. (1997). 3-D scene data recovery using omnidirectional multibaseline stereo. 


Kang, S. B. and Szeliski, R. (2004). Extracting view-dependent depth maps from a collection of images. 


Kang, S. B. and Weiss, R. (1997). Characterization of errors in compositing panoramic images. In IEEE 


San Juan, Puerto Rico. 

Kang, S. B. and Weiss, R. (1999). Characterization of errors in compositing panoramic images. Computer 


Kang, S. B. and Weiss, R. (2000). Can we calibrate a camera using an image of a flat, textureless 

Lambertian surface? In Sixth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2000), pages 640–653, 

Dublin, Ireland. 

Kang, S. B., Szeliski, R., and Anandan, P. (2000). The geometry-image representation tradeoff for rendering. 

In International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP-2000), pages 13–16, Vancouver. 

Kang, S. B., Szeliski, R., and Chai, J. (2001). Handling occlusions in dense multi-view stereo. In IEEE 


Kauai, Hawaii. 

Kang, S. B., Szeliski, R., and Shum, H.-Y. (1997). A parallel feature tracker for extended image sequences. 

Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 67(3), 296–310. 

Kang, S. B., Szeliski, R., and Uyttendaele, M. (2004). Seamless Stitching using Multi-Perspective Plane 

Sweep. Technical Report MSR-TR-2004-48, Microsoft Research. 

Kang, S. B., Li, Y., Tong, X., and Shum, H.-Y. (2006). Image-based rendering. Foundations and Trends 

in Computer Graphics and Computer Vision, 2(3).


Kang, S. B., Uyttendaele, M., Winder, S., and Szeliski, R. (2003). High dynamic range video. ACM 


Kang, S. B., Webb, J., Zitnick, L., and Kanade, T. (1995). A multibaseline stereo system with active illumination 

and real-time image acquisition. In Fifth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’95), 

pages 88–93, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Kannala, J., Rahtu, E., Brandt, S. S., and Heikkila, J. (2008). Object recognition and segmentation by 

non-rigid quasi-dense matching. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern 


Kass, M. (1988). Linear image features in stereopsis. International Journal of Computer Vision, 1(4), 

357–368. 

Kass, M., Witkin, A., and Terzopoulos, D. (1988). Snakes: Active contour models. International Journal 


Kaufman, L. and Rousseeuew, P. J. (1990). Finding Groups in Data: An Introduction to Cluster Analysis. 

John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken. 

Kazhdan, M., Bolitho, M., and Hoppe, H. (2006). Poisson surface reconstruction. In Eurographics 

Symposium on Geometry Processing, pages 61–70. 

Ke, Y. and Sukthankar, R. (2004). PCA-SIFT: a more distinctive representation for local image descriptors. 


pages 506–513, Washington, DC. 

Kenney, C., Zuliani, M., and Manjunath, B. (2005). An axiomatic approach to corner detection. In IEEE 



Keren, D., Peleg, S., and Brada, R. (1988). Image sequence enhancement using sub-pixel displacements. 


pages 742–746, IEEE Computer Society Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 

Kim, J., Kolmogorov, V., and Zabih, R. (2003). Visual correspondence using energy minimization and 

mutual information. In Ninth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), pages 1033– 

1040, Nice, France. 

Kimura, R. et al.. (1999). A convolver-based real-time stereo machine (SAZAN). In IEEE Computer 


Kindermann, R. and Snell, J. L. (1980). Markov Random Fields and Their Applications. American 

Mathematical Society.


Kirby, M. and Sirovich, L. (1990). Application of the Karhunen-Lòeve procedure for the characterization 

of human faces. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 12(1), 103–108. 

Kirkpatrick, S., Gelatt, C. D. J., and Vecchi, M. P. (1983). Optimization by simulated annealing. Science, 

220, 671–680. 

Kirovski, D., Jojic, N., and Jancke, G. (2004). Tamper-resistant biometric IDs. In Paulus, S., Pohlmann, 

N., and Reimer, H., editors, ISSE 2004 - Securing Electronic Business Processes: Highlights of the Information 

Security Solutions Europe 2004 Conference, pages 160–175, Springer. 

Kittler, J. and Föglein, J. (1984). Contextual classification of multispectral pixel data. Image and Vision 

Computing, 2(1), 13–29. 

Klaus, A., Sormann, M., and Karner, K. (2006). Segment-based stereo matching using belief propagation 

and a self-adapting dissimilarity measure. In International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR 

2006), pages 15–18. 

Klein, G. and Murray, D. (2008). Improving the agility of keyframe-based slam. In Tenth European 

Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2008), pages 802–815, Springer-Verlag, Marseilles. 

Klinker, G. J. (1993). A Physical Approach to Color Image Understanding. A K Peters, Wellesley, 


Klinker, G. J., Shafer, S. A., and Kanade, T. (1990). A physical approach to color image understanding. 


Koch, R., Pollefeys, M., and Van Gool, L. J. (2000). Realistic surface reconstruction of 3D scenes from 

uncalibrated image sequences. Journal Visualization and Computer Animation, 11, 115–127. 

Koenderink, J. J. (1990). Solid Shape. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Koethe, U. (2003). Integrated edge and junction detection with the boundary tensor. In Ninth International 


Kohli, P. (2007). Minimizing Dynamic and Higher Order Energy Functions using Graph Cuts. Ph.D. 

thesis, Oxford Brookes University. 

Kohli, P. and Torr, P. H. (2008). Measuring uncertainty in graph cut solutions. Computer Vision and Image 


Kohli, P. and Torr, P. H. S. (2005). Effciently solving dynamic markov random fields using graph cuts. In 

Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2005), pages 922–929, Beijing, China. 

Kohli, P., Ladick´y, L., and Torr, P. H. (2009). Robust higher order potentials for enforcing label consistency. 

International Journal of Computer Vision, 82(3), 302–324.


Kohli, P., Ladicky, L., and Torr, P. H. S. (2008). Robust higher order potentials for enforcing label 

consistency. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 


Kohli, P., Mudigonda, P., and Torr, P. (2007). P 3 & beyond: Solving energies with higher order cliques. 


MN. 

Kolev, K., Klodt, M., Brox, T., Esedoglu, S., and Cremers, D. (2007). Continuous global optimization in 

multiview 3d reconstruction. In Energy Minimization Methods in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 

pages 441–452, Springer-Verlag, Ezhou, China. 

Kolmogorov, V. and Boykov, Y. (2005). What metrics can be approximated by geo-cuts, or global optimization 

of length/area and flux. In Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2005), 

pages 564–571, Beijing, China. 

Kolmogorov, V. and Zabih, R. (2001). Computing visual correspondence with occlusions using graph 

cuts. In Eighth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2001), pages 508–515, Vancouver, 

Canada. 

Kolmogorov, V. and Zabih, R. (2002). Multi-camera scene reconstruction via graph cuts. In Seventh 

European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2002), pages 82–96, Springer-Verlag, Copenhagen. 

Kolmogorov, V. and Zabih, R. (2004). What energy functions can be minimized via graph cuts? IEEE 


Kolmogorov, V., Criminisi, A., Blake, A., Cross, G., and Rother, C. (2006). Probabilistic fusion of stereo 

with color and contrast for bi-layer segmentation. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine 

Intelligence, 28(9), 1480–1492. 

Komodakis, N. and Tziritas, G. (2007a). Approximate labeling via graph cuts based on linear programming. 


Komodakis, N. and Tziritas, G. (2007b). Image completion using efficient belief propagation via priority 

scheduling and dynamic pruning. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 29(11), 2649–2661. 

Komodakis, N., Tziritas, G., and Paragios, N. (2007). Fast, approximately optimal solutions for single 

and dynamic mrfs. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Komodakis, N., Tziritas, G., and Paragios, N. (2008). Performance vs computational efficiency for optimizing 

single and dynamic mrfs: Setting the state of the art with primal dual strategies. Computer Vision 

and Image Understanding, 112(1), 14–29.


Konolige, K. (1997). Small vision systems: Hardware and implementation. In Eighth International 

Symposium on Robotics Research, pages 203–212, Hayama, Japan. 

Kopf, J., Cohen, M. F., Lischinski, D., and Uyttendaele, M. (2007a). Joint bilateral upsampling. ACM 

Transactions on Graphics, 26(3). 

Kopf, J., Uyttendaele, M., Deussen, O., and Cohen, M. F. (2007b). Capturing and viewing gigapixel 

images. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 26(3). 

Koutis, I. (2007). Combinatorial and algebraic tools for optimal multilevel algorithms. Ph.D. thesis, 

Carnegie Mellon University. Technical Report CMU-CS-07-131. 

Koutis, I. and Miller, G. L. (2007). A linear work, o(n 1/6 ) time, parallel algorithm for solving planar 

Laplacians. In Eighteenth Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms (SODA’07), Society for 

Industrial and Applied Mathematics, New Orleans. 

Koutis, I. and Miller, G. L. (2008). Graph partitioning into isolated, high conductance clusters: theory, 

computation and applications to preconditioning. In Symposium on Parallel Algorithms and Architectures, 

pages 137–145, Association for Computing Machinery, Munich. 

Koˇsecká, J. and Zhang, W. (2005). Extraction, matching and pose recovery based on dominant rectangular 

structures. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 100(3), 174–293. 

Kraus, K. (1997). Photogrammetry. Dümmler, Bonn. 

Kuglin, C. D. and Hines, D. C. (1975). The phase correlation image alignment method. In IEEE 1975 

Conference on Cybernetics and Society, pages 163–165, New York. 

Kumar, M. P. (2008). Combinatorial and Convex Optimization for Probabilistic Models in Computer 

Vision. Ph.D. thesis, Oxford Brookes University. 

Kumar, M. P. and Torr, P. H. S. (2006). Fast memory-efficient generalized belief propagation. In 


Kumar, M. P., Torr, P. H. S., and Zisserman, A. (2008). Learning layered motion segmentations of video. 


Kumar, R., Anandan, P., and Hanna, K. (1994a). Direct recovery of shape from multiple views: A parallax 

based approach. In Twelfth International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR’94), pages 685–688, 

IEEE Computer Society Press, Jerusalem, Israel. 

Kumar, R., Anandan, P., and Hanna, K. (1994b). Shape recovery from multiple views: a parallax based 

approach. In Image Understanding Workshop, pages 947–955, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Monterey.


Kumar, R., Anandan, P., Irani, M., Bergen, J., and Hanna, K. (1995). Representation of scenes from 

collections of images. In IEEE Workshop on Representations of Visual Scenes, pages 10–17, Cambridge, 


Kumar, S. and Hebert, M. (2003a). Discriminative fields for modeling spatial dependencies in natural 

images. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, MIT Press. 

Kumar, S. and Hebert, M. (2003b). Discriminative random fields: A discriminative framework for contextual 

interaction in classification. In Ninth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), 


Kumar, S. and Hebert, M. (2005). A hierarchical field framework for unified context-based classification. 

In Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2005), pages 1284–1291, Beijing, China. 

Kumar, S. and Hebert, M. (2006). Discriminative random fields. International Journal of Computer 

Vision, 68(2), 179–202. 

Kundur, D. and Hatzinakos, D. (1996). Blind image deconvolution. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 

13(3), 43–64. 

Kutulakos, K. N. (2000). Approximate N-view stereo. In Sixth European Conference on Computer Vision 

(ECCV 2000), pages 67–83, Springer-Verlag, Dublin, Ireland. 

Kutulakos, K. N. and Seitz, S. M. (2000). A theory of shape by space carving. International Journal of 


Kwatra, V. et al.. (2003). Graphcut textures: Image and video synthesis using graph cuts. ACM Transactions 

on Graphics, 22(3), 277–286. 

Kybic, J. and Unser, M. (2003). Fast parametric elastic image registration. IEEE Transactions on Image 

Processing, 12(11), 1427–1442. 

Lafferty, J., McCallum, A., and Pereira, F. (2001). Conditional random fields: Probabilistic models for 

segmenting and labeling sequence data. In International Conference on Machine Learning. 

Lagger, P., Salzmann, M., Lepetit, V., and Fua, P. (2008). 3d pose refinement from reflections. In IEEE 


AK. 

Lai, S.-H. and Vemuri, B. C. (1997). Physically based adaptive preconditioning for early vision. IEEE 


Langer, M. S. and Zucker, S. W. (1994). Shape from shading on a cloudy day. Journal Optical Society 

America, A, 11(2), 467–478.


Lanitis, A., Taylor, C. J., and Cootes, T. F. (1997). Automatic interpretation and coding of face images 

using flexible models. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 19(7), 742–756. 

Larlus, D. and Jurie, F. (2008). Combining appearance models and markov random fields for category 

level object segmentation. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Larson, G. W. (1998). LogLuv encoding for full-gamut, high-dynamic range images. Journal of Graphics 

Tools, 3(1), 15–31. 

Larson, G. W., Rushmeier, H., and Piatko, C. (1997). A visibility matching tone reproduction operator for 

high dynamic range scenes. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 3(4), 291–306. 

Laurentini, A. (1994). The visual hull concept for silhouette-based image understanding. IEEE Transactions 


Lavallée, S. and Szeliski, R. (1995). Recovering the position and orientation of free-form objects from image 

contours using 3-D distance maps. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 

17(4), 378–390. 

Laveau, S. and Faugeras, O. D. (1994). 3-d scene representation as a collection of images. In Twelfth International 

Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR’94), pages 689–691, IEEE Computer Society Press, 

Jerusalem, Israel. 

Lazebnik, S., Schmid, C., and Ponce, J. (2005). A sparse texture representation using local affine regions. 


Lazebnik, S., Schmid, C., and Ponce, J. (2006). Beyond bags of features: Spatial pyramid matching 

for recognizing natural scene categories. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and 

Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2006), pages 2169–2176, New York City, NY. 

Le Gall, D. (1991). MPEG: A video compression standard for multimedia applications. Communications 

of the ACM, 34(4), 46–58. 

Leclerc, Y. G. (1989). Constructing simple stable descriptions for image partitioning. International 


Lee, M.-C. et al.. (1997). A layered video object coding system using sprite and affine motion model. 

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 7(1), 130–145. 

Lee, M. E. and Redner, R. A. (1990). A note on the use of nonlinear filtering in computer graphics. IEEE 

Computer Graphics and Applications, 10(3), 23–29. 

Lee, Y. D., Terzopoulos, D., and Waters, K. (1995). Realistic facial modeling for animation. Computer 

Graphics (SIGGRAPH’95), , 55–62.


Leibe, B., Leonardis, A., and Schiele, B. (2008). Robust object detection with interleaved categorization 

and segmentation. International Journal of Computer Vision, 77(1-3), 259–289. 

Leibe, B., Seemann, E., and Schiele, B. (2005). Pedestrian detection in crowded scenes. In IEEE Computer 


Diego, CA. 

Lempitsky, V. and Boykov, Y. (2007). Global optimization for shape fitting. In IEEE Computer Society 

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2007), Minneapolis, MN. 

Lempitsky, V. and Ivanov, D. (2007). Seamless mosaicing of image-based texture maps. In IEEE Computer 


Lempitsky, V., Blake, A., and Rother, C. (2008a). Image segmentation by branch-and-mincut. In Tenth 

European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2008), pages 15–29, Springer-Verlag, Marseilles. 

Lempitsky, V., Roth, S., and Rother., C. (2008b). FlowFusion: Discrete-continuous optimization for optical 

flow estimation. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Lempitsky, V., Rother, C., and Blake, A. (2007). Logcut - efficient graph cut optimization for markov 

random fields. In Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2007), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. 

Lengyel, J. and Snyder, J. (1997). Rendering with coherent layers. In Computer Graphics Proceedings, 

Annual Conference Series, pages 233–242, ACM SIGGRAPH, Proc. SIGGRAPH’97 (Los Angeles). 

Lepetit, V. and Fua, P. (2005). Monocular model-based 3d tracking of rigid objects. Foundations and 

Trends in Computer Graphics and Computer Vision, 1(1). 

Lepetit, V., Lagger, P., and Fua, P. (2005). Randomized trees for real-time keypoint recognition. In IEEE 



Leung, T. K., Burl, M. C., and Perona, P. (1995). Finding faces in cluttered scenes using random labeled 

graph matching. In Fifth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’95), pages 637–644, 

Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Levin, A. (2006). Blind motion deblurring using image statistics. In Advances in Neural Information 

Processing Systems, MIT Press. 

Levin, A. and Weiss, Y. (2007). User assisted separation of reflections from a single image using a sparsity 

prior. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 29(9), 1647–1654. 

Levin, A., Acha, A. R., and Lischinski, D. (2008). Spectral matting. IEEE Transactions on Pattern 

Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 30(10), 1699–1712.


Levin, A., Lischinski, D., and Weiss, Y. (2004). Colorization using optimization. ACM Transactions on 

Graphics, 23(3), 689–694. 

Levin, A., Lischinski, D., and Weiss, Y. (2008). A closed form solution to natural image matting. IEEE 


Levin, A., Zomet, A., and Weiss, Y. (2004). Separating reflections from a single image using local features. 



Levin, A., Fergus, R., Durand, F., and Freeman, W. T. (2007). Image and depth from a conventional 

camera with a coded aperture. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 26(3). 

Levin, A., Zomet, A., Peleg, S., and Weiss, Y. (2004). Seamless image stitching in the gradient domain. In 

Eighth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2004), pages 377–389, Springer-Verlag, Prague. 

Levoy, M. (1988). Display of surfaces from volume data. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 

8(3), 29–37. 

Levoy, M. (2006). Light fields and computational imaging. Computer, 39(8), 46–55. 

Levoy, M. and Hanrahan, P. (1996). Light field rendering. In Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual 

Conference Series, pages 31–42, ACM SIGGRAPH, Proc. SIGGRAPH’96 (New Orleans). 

Levoy, M. et al.. (2000). The digital michelangelo project: 3d scanning of large statues. Proceedings of 

SIGGRAPH 2000, , 131–144. 

Levoy, M. and Whitted, T. (1985). The Use of Points as a Display Primitive. Technical Report 85-022, 

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 

Leyvand, T., Cohen-Or, D., Dror, G., and Lischinski, D. (2008). Data-driven enhancement of facial 

attractiveness. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 27(3). 

Lhuillier, M. and Quan, L. (2002). Match propagation for image-based modeling and rendering. IEEE 


Lhuillier, M. and Quan, L. (2005). A quasi-dense approach to surface reconstruction from uncalibrated 

images. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 27(3), 418–433. 

Li, J., Shum, H., and Zhang, Y.-Q. (2000). On the compression of image based rendering scene. In 

International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP-2000), pages 21–24, Vancouver. 

Li, S. (1995). Markov Random Field Modeling in Computer Vision. Springer-Verlag. 

Li, S. Z. and Jain, A. K., editors. (2005). Handbook of Face Recognition, Springer.


Li, X., Wu, C., Zach, C., Lazebnik, S., and Frahm, J.-M. (2008). Modeling and recognition of landmark 

image collections using iconic scene graphs. In Tenth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 

2008), pages 427–440, Springer-Verlag, Marseilles. 

Li, Y., Shum, H.-Y., Tang, C.-K., and Szeliski, R. (2004a). Stereo reconstruction from multiperspective 

panoramas. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 26(1), 44–62. 

Li, Y., Sun, J., Tang, C.-K., and Shum, H.-Y. (2004b). Lazy snapping. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 

23(3), 303–308. 

Liang, L. et al.. (2001). Real-time texture synthesis by patch-based sampling. ACM Transactions on 

Graphics, 20(3), 127–150. 

Liang, L., Xiao, R., Wen, F., and Sun, J. (2008). Face alignment via component-based discriminative 

search. In Tenth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2008), pages 72–85, Springer-Verlag, 

Marseilles. 

Liebowitz, D. and Zisserman, A. (1998). Metric rectification for perspective images of planes. In IEEE 


Santa Barbara. 

Lim, J. (1990). Two-Dimensional Signal and Image Processing. Prentice-Hall, Englewood, NJ. 

Lindeberg, T. (1990). Scale-space for discrete signals. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine 


Lindeberg, T. (1993). Detecting salient blob-like image structures and their scales with a scale-space 

primal sketch: a method for focus-of-attention. International Journal of Computer Vision, 11(3), 283– 

318. 

Lindeberg, T. (1994). Scale-space theory: A basic tool for analysing structures at different scales. Journal 

of Applied Statistics, 21(2), 224–270. 

Lindeberg, T. (1998a). Edge detection and ridge detection with automatic scale selection. International 


Lindeberg, T. (1998b). Feature detection with automatic scale selection. International Journal of Computer 

Vision, 30(2), 79–116. 

Lindeberg, T. and Gøarding, J. (1997). Shape-adapted smoothing in estimation of 3-d shape cues from 

affine deformations of local 2-d brightness structure. Image and Vision Computing, 15(6), 415–434. 

Lischinski, D., Farbman, Z., Uyttendaele, M., and Szeliski, R. (2006a). Interactive local adjustment of 

tonal values. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 25(3), 646–653.


Lischinski, D., Farbman, Z., Uyttendaele, M., and Szeliski, R. (2006b). Interactive local adjustment of 

tonal values. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 25(3), 646–653. 

Litvinov, A. and Schechner, Y. Y. (2005). Radiometric framework for image mosaicking. Journal of the 

Optical Society of America A, 22(5), 839–848. 

Litwiller, D. (2005). CMOS vs. CCD: Maturing technologies, maturing markets. Photonics Spectra, (8), 

54–59. 

Litwinowicz, P. (1997). Processing images and video for an impressionist effect. In Proceedings of 

SIGGRAPH 97, pages 407–414. 

Litwinowicz, P. and Williams, L. (1994). Animating images with drawings. Computer Graphics (SIG- 

GRAPH’94), , 409–412. 

Liu, C., Freeman, W. T., Adelson, E., and Weiss, Y. (2008a). Human-assisted motion annotation. In IEEE 


AK. 

Liu, C., Szeliski, R., Kang, S. B., Zitnick, C. L., and Freeman, W. T. (2008b). Automatic estimation and 

removal of noise from a single image. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 

30(2), 299–314. 

Livingstone, M. (2008). Vision and Art: The Biology of Seeing. Abrams, New York. 

Longere, P. et al.. (2002). Perceptual assessment of demosaicing algorithm performance. Proceedings of 

the IEEE, 90(1), 123–132. 

Longuet-Higgins, H. C. (1981). A computer algorithm for reconstructing a scene from two projections. 

Nature, 293, 133–135. 

Loop, C. and Zhang, Z. (1999). Computing rectifying homographies for stereo vision. In IEEE Computer 


Lorusso, A., Eggert, D., and Fisher, R. B. (1995). A comparison of four algorithms for estimating 3-d 

rigid transformations. In British Machine Vision Conference (BMVC95), pages 237–246, Birmingham, 

England. 

Lourakis, M. I. A. and Argyros, A. A. (2004). The Design and Implementation of a Generic Sparse 

Bundle Adjustment Software Package Based on the Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm. Technical Report 

340, Institute of Computer Science - FORTH, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Available from http: 

//www.ics.forth.gr/˜lourakis/sba. 

Lowe, D. G. (1988). Organization of smooth image curves at multiple scales. In Second International 

Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’88), pages 558–567, IEEE Computer Society Press, Tampa.


Lowe, D. G. (1989). Organization of smooth image curves at multiple scales. International Journal of 


Lowe, D. G. (1991). Fitting parameterized three-dimensional models to images. IEEE Transactions on 


Lowe, D. G. (1999). Object recognition from local scale-invariant features. In Seventh International 

Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’99), pages 1150–1157, Kerkyra, Greece. 

Lowe, D. G. (2004). Distinctive image features from scale-invariant keypoints. International Journal of 


Lucas, B. D. and Kanade, T. (1981). An iterative image registration technique with an application in 

stereo vision. In Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-81), pages 674– 

679, Vancouver. 

Luong, Q.-T. and Viéville, T. (1996). Canonical representations for the geometries of multiple projective 

views. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 64(2), 193–229. 

Ma, Y., Derksen, H., Hong, W., and Wright, J. (2007). Segmentation of multivariate mixed data via lossy 

data coding and compression. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 29(9), 

1546–1562. 

MacKay, D. J. C. (2003). Information Theory, Inference, and Learning Algorithms. Cambridge University 

Press, Cambridge, UK. 

Maes, F., Collignon, A., Vandermeulen, D., Marchal, G., and Suetens, P. (1997). Multimodality image 

registration by maximization of mutual information. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 16(2), 187– 

198. 

Magnor, M. and Girod, B. (2000). Data compression for light-field rendering. IEEE Transactions on 

Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 10(3), 338–343. 

Maire, M., Arbelaez, P., Fowlkes, C., and Malik, J. (2008). Using contours to detect and localize junctions 

in natural images. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Maitre, M., Shinagawa, Y., and Do, M. N. (2008). Symmetric multi-view stereo reconstruction from 

planar camera arrays. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Maji, S., Berg, A., and Malik, J. (2008). Classification using intersection kernel support vector machines 

is efficient. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 

2008), Anchorage, AK.


Malik, J. and Rosenholtz, R. (1997). Computing local surface orientation and shape from texture for 

curved surfaces. International Journal of Computer Vision, 23(2), 149–168. 

Malik, J., Belongie, S., Leung, T., and Shi, J. (2001). Contour and texture analysis for image segmentation. 


Malisiewicz, T. and Efros, A. A. (2008). Recognition by association via learning per-exemplar distances. 

In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2008), Anchorage, 

AK. 

Malladi, R., Sethian, J. A., and Vemuri, B. C. (1995). Shape modeling with front propagation. IEEE 


Mallat, S. G. (1989). A theory for multiresolution signal decomposition: the wavelet representation. IEEE 

Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, PAMI-11(7), 674–693. 

Malvar, H. S. (1990). Lapped transforms for efficient transform/subband coding. IEEE Transactions on 

Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 38(6), 969–978. 

Malvar, H. S. (1998). Biorthogonal and nonuniform lapped transforms for transform coding with reduced 

blocking and ringing artifacts. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 46(4), 1043–1053. 

Malvar, H. S. (2000). Fast progressive image coding without wavelets. In IEEE Data Compressions 

Conference, pages 243–252, IEEE Computer Society Press, Snowbird, UT. 

Malvar, H. S., He, L.-W., and Cutler, R. (2004). High-quality linear interpolation for demosaicing of 

bayer-patterned color images. In IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing 

(ICASSP’04), pages 485–488, Montreal. 

Mancini, T. A. and Wolff, L. B. (1992). 3 d shape and light source location from depth and reflectance. In 


709, IEEE Computer Society Press, Champaign, Illinois. 

Mann, S. and Picard, R. W. (1994). Virtual bellows: Constructing high-quality images from video. In 

First IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP-94), pages 363–367, Austin. 

Mann, S. and Picard, R. W. (1995). On being ‘undigital’ with digital cameras: Extending dynamic range 

by combining differently exposed pictures. In IS&T’s 48th Annual Conference, pages 422–428, Society 

for Imaging Science and Technology, Washington, D. C. 

Manning, C. D., Raghavan, P., and Schütze, H. (2008). Introduction to Information Retrieval. Cambridge 

University Press. 

Marr, D. (1982). Vision: A Computational Investigation into the Human Representation and Processing 

of Visual Information. W. H. Freeman, San Francisco.


Marr, D. and Hildreth, E. (1980). Theory of edge detection. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 

B 207, 187–217. 

Marr, D. and Poggio, T. (1976). Cooperative computation of stereo disparity. Science, 194, 283–287. 

Marr, D. C. and Poggio, T. (1979). A computational theory of human stereo vision. Proceedings of the 

Royal Society of London, B 204, 301–328. 

Marroquin, J., Mitter, S., and Poggio, T. (1985). Probabilistic solution of ill-posed problems in computational 

vision. In Image Understanding Workshop, pages 293–309, Science Applications International 

Corporation, Miami Beach. 

Marroquin, J., Mitter, S., and Poggio, T. (1987). Probabilistic solution of ill-posed problems in computational 

vision. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 82(397), 76–89. 

Marroquin, J. L. (1983). Design of Cooperative Networks. Working Paper 253, Artificial Intelligence 

Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 

Martin, D., Fowlkes, C., and Malik, J. (2004). Learning to detect natural image boundaries using local 

brightness, color, and texture cues. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 

26(5), 530–549. 

Martin, D., Fowlkes, C., Tal, D., and Malik, J. (2001). A database of human segmented natural images 

and its application to evaluating segmentation algorithms and measuring ecological statistics. In Eighth 

International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2001), pages 416–423, Vancouver, Canada. 

Massey, M. and Bender, W. (1996). Salient stills: Process and practice. IBM Systems Journal, 35(3&4), 

557–573. 

Matas, J. et al.. (2004). Robust wide baseline stereo from maximally stable extremal regions. Image and 

Vision Computing, 22(10), 761–767. 

Matei, B. C. and Meer, P. (2006). Estimation of nonlinear errors-in-variables models for computer vision 

applications. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 28(10), 1537–1552. 

Matsushita, Y. and Lin, S. (2007). Radiometric calibration from noise distributions. In IEEE Computer 


Matsushita, Y. et al.. (2006). Full-frame video stabilization with motion inpainting. IEEE Transactions 


Matthews, I. and Baker, S. (2004). Active appearance models revisited. International Journal of Computer 

Vision, 60(2), 135–164. 

Matthews, I. et al.. (2007). 2D vs. 3D deformable face models: Representational power, construction, and 

real-time fitting. International Journal of Computer Vision, 75(1), 93–113.


Matthies, L., Kanade, T., and Szeliski, R. (1989). Kalman filter-based algorithms for estimating depth 

from image sequences. International Journal of Computer Vision, 3(3), 209–236. 

Matusik, W., Buehler, C., Raskar, R., Gortler, S. J., and McMillan, L. (2000). Image-based visual hulls. 

Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 2000, , 369–374. ISBN 1-58113-208-5. 

Maybeck, P. S. (1982). Stochastic Models, Estimation, and Control. Volume 2, Academic Press, New 

York. 

Mayhew, J. E. W. and Frisby, J. P. (1981). Psychophysical and computational studies towards a theory of 

human stereopsis. Artificial Intelligence, 17(1-3), 349–408. 

McLean, G. F. and Kotturi, D. (1995). Vanishing point detection by line clustering. IEEE Transactions on 


McCamy, C. S., Marcus, H., and Davidson, J. G. (1976). A color-rendition chart. Journal of Applied 

Photogrammetric Engineering, 2(3), 95–99. 

McGuire, M., Matusik, W., Pfister, H., Hughes, J. F., and Durand, F. (2005). Defocus video matting. ACM 


McInerney, T. and Terzopoulos, D. (1993). A finite element model for 3D shape reconstruction and 

nonrigid motion tracking. In Fourth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’93), pages 518– 

523, IEEE Computer Society Press, Berlin, Germany. 

McLauchlan, P. F. (2000). A batch/recursive algorithm for 3D scene reconstruction. In IEEE Computer 


Head Island. 

McLauchlan, P. F. and Jaenicke, A. (2002). Image mosaicing using sequential bundle adjustment. Image 

and Vision Computing, 20(9-10), 751–759. 

McLauchlan, P. F. and Murray, D. W. (1995). A unifying framework for structure and motion recovery 

from image sequences. In Fifth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’95), pages 314–320, 


McMillan, L. and Bishop, G. (1995). Plenoptic modeling: An image-based rendering system. Computer 

Graphics (SIGGRAPH’95), , 39–46. 

McMillan, L. and Gortler, S. (1999). Image-based rendering: A new interface between computer vision 

and computer graphics. Computer Graphics, 33(4), 61–64. 

Meehan, J. (1990). Panoramic Photography. Watson-Guptill.


Meilǎ, M. and Shi, J. (2001). A random walks view of spectral segmentation. In Richardson, T. and 

Jaakkola, T., editors, Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics, pages 177–182, Society for Artificial 

Intelligence and Statistics, Key West, FL. 

Meilǎ, M. and Shi, J. (2006). Learning segmentation with random walk. In Advances in Neural Information 

Processing Systems, pages 873–879, MIT Press. 

Meltzer, J. and Soatto, S. (2008). Edge descriptors for robust wide-baseline correspondence. In IEEE 


AK. 

Mémin, E. and Pérez, P. (2002). Hierarchical estimation and segmentation of dense motion fields. International 


Menet, S., Saint-Marc, P., and Medioni, G. (1990a). Active contour models: overview, implementation 

and applications. In IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, pages 194–199, 

Los Angeles. 

Menet, S., Saint-Marc, P., and Medioni, G. (1990b). B-snakes: implementation and applications to stereo. 

In Image Understanding Workshop, pages 720–726, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Pittsburgh. 

Merrell, P., Akbarzadeh, A., Wang, L., Mordohai, P., Frahm, J.-M., Yang, R., Nister, D., and Pollefeys, M. 

(2007). Real-time visibility-based fusion of depth maps. In Tenth International Conference on Computer 

Vision (ICCV 2007), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. 

Mertens, T., Kautz, J., and Reeth, F. V. (2007). Exposure fusion. In Proceedings of Pacific Graphics 2007, 

pages 382–390. 

Metropolis, N., Rosenbluth, A. W., Rosenbluth, M. N., Teller, A. H., and Teller, E. (1953). Equations of 

state calculations by fast computing machines. Journal of Chemical Physics, 21, 1087–1091. 

Meyer, C. D. (2000). Matrix Analysis and Applied Linear Algebra. Society for Industrial and Applied 

Mathematics, Philadephia. 

Meyer, Y. (1993). Wavelets: Algorithms and Applications. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 

Philadephia. 

Mikolajczyk, K. et al.. (2005). A comparison of affine region detectors. International Journal of Computer 

Vision, 65(1-2), 43–72. 

Mikolajczyk, K. and Schmid, C. (2004). Scale & affine invariant interest point detectors. International 


Mikolajczyk, K. and Schmid, C. (2005). A performance evaluation of local descriptors. IEEE Transactions 



Mikolajczyk, K., Schmid, C., and Zisserman, A. (2004). Human detection based on a probabilistic assembly 

of robust part detectors. In Eighth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2004), pages 69– 

82, Springer-Verlag, Prague. 

Milgram, D. L. (1975). Computer methods for creating photomosaics. IEEE Transactions on Computers, 

C-24(11), 1113–1119. 

Milgram, D. L. (1977). Adaptive techniques for photomosaicking. IEEE Transactions on Computers, 

C-26(11), 1175–1180. 

Mitiche, A. and Bouthemy, P. (1996). Computation and analysis of image motion: A synopsis of current 

problems and methods. International Journal of Computer Vision, 19(1), 29–55. 

Mitsunaga, T. and Nayar, S. K. (1999). Radiometric self calibration. In IEEE Computer Society Conference 

on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’99), pages 374–380, Fort Collins. 

Mičuˇsìk, B., Wildenauer, H., and Koˇsecká, J. (2008). Detection and matching of rectilinear structures. In 


AK. 

Moezzi, S. et al.. (1996). Reality modeling and visualization from multiple video sequences. IEEE 


Moghaddam, B. and Pentland, A. (1997). Probabilistic visual learning for object representation. IEEE 


Moghaddam, B., Jebara, T., and Pentland, A. (2000). Bayesian face recognition. Pattern Recognition, 

33(11), 1771–1782. 

Mohan, A., Papageorgiou, C., and Poggio, T. (2001). Example-based object detection in images by 

components. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 23(4), 349–361. 

Möller, K. D. (1988). Optics. University Science Books, Mill Valley, CA. 

Moons, T., Gool, L. V., and Vergauwen, M. (2009). 3d reconstruction from multiple images. Foundations 

and Trends in Computer Graphics and Computer Vision, ?(?). 

Moosmann, F., Nowak, E., and Jurie, F. (2008). Randomized clustering forests for image classification. 


Moravec, H. (1977). Towards automatic visual obstacle avoidance. In Fifth International Joint Conference 

on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI’77), page 584, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Moravec, H. (1983). The stanford cart and the cmu rover. Proceedings of the IEEE, 71(7), 872–884.


Mori, G. (2005). Guiding model search using segmentation. In Tenth International Conference on Computer 

Vision (ICCV 2005), pages 1417–1423, Beijing, China. 

Mori, G. et al.. (2004). Recovering human body configurations: Combining segmentation and recognition. 



Mori, M. (1970). The uncanny valley. Energy, 7(4), 33–35. http://www.androidscience.com/ 

theuncannyvalley/proceedings2005/uncannyvalley.html. 

Morimoto, C. and Chellappa, R. (1997). Fast 3D stabilization and mosaic construction. In IEEE Computer 

Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’97), pages 660–665, San Juan, 

Puerto Rico. 

Morita, T. and Kanade, T. (1997). A sequential factorization method for recovering shape and motion 

from image streams. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 19(8), 858–867. 

Morris, D. D. and Kanade, T. (1998). A unified factorization algorithm for points, line segments and planes 

with uncertainty models. In Sixth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’98), pages 696– 

702, Bombay. 

Morrone, M. and Burr, D. (1988). Feature detection in human vision: A phase dependent energy model. 

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 235, 221–245. 

Mortensen, E. N. (1999). Vision-assisted image editing. Computer Graphics, 33(4), 55–57. 

Mortensen, E. N. and Barrett, W. A. (1995). Intelligent scissors for image composition. Proceedings of 

SIGGRAPH 95, , 191–198. ISBN 0-201-84776-0. Held in Los Angeles, California. 

Mortensen, E. N. and Barrett, W. A. (1999). Toboggan-based intelligent scissors with a four parameter 

edge model. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Mueller, P., Zeng, G., Wonka, P., and Gool, L. V. (2007). Image-based procedural modeling of facades. 


Mühlich, M. and Mester, R. (1998). The role of total least squares in motion analysis. In Fifth European 

Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’98), pages 305–321, Springer-Verlag, Freiburg, Germany. 

Mumford, D. and Shah, J. (1989). Optimal approximations by piecewise smooth functions and variational 

problems. Comm. Pure Appl. Math., XLII(5), 577–685. 

Munder, S. and Gavrila, D. M. (2006). An experimental study on pedestrian classification. IEEE Transactions 



Mundy, J. L. (2007). Object recognition in the geometric era: A retrospective. In Ponce, J., Hebert, M., 

Schmid, C., and Zisserman, A., editors, Toward Category-Level Object Recognition, pages 3–28, Springer, 

New York. 

Mundy, J. L. and Zisserman, A., editors. (1992). Geometric Invariance in Computer Vision. MIT Press, 


Murphy, E. P. (2005). A Testing Procedure to Characterize Color and Spatial Quality of Digital Cameras 

Used to Image Cultural Heritage. Master’s thesis, Rochester Institute of Technology. 

Murphy, K., Torralba, A., and Freeman, W. T. (2003). Using the forest to see the trees: A graphical model 

relating features, objects, and scenes. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, MIT Press. 

Murphy-Chutorian, E. and Trivedi, M. M. (2009). Head pose estimation in computer vision: A survey. 


Murray, R. M., Li, Z. X., and Sastry, S. S. (1994). A Mathematical Introduction to Robotic Manipulation. 

CRC Press. 

Mutch, J. and Lowe, D. G. (2008). Object class recognition and localization using sparse features with 

limited receptive fields. International Journal of Computer Vision, 80(1), 45–57. 

Nagel, H. H. (1986). Image sequences - ten (octal) years - from phenomenology towards a theoretical 

foundation. In Eighth International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR’86), pages 1174–1185, 

IEEE Computer Society Press, Paris. 

Nagel, H.-H. and Enkelmann, W. (1986). An investigation of smoothness constraints for the estimation 

of displacement vector fields from image sequences. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine 

Intelligence, PAMI-8(5), 565–593. 

Nakamura, Y., Matsuura, T., Satoh, K., and Ohta, Y. (1996). Occlusion detectable stereo - occlusion 

patterns in camera matrix. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 

(CVPR’96), pages 371–378, San Francisco. 

Nakao, T., Kashitani, A., and Kaneyoshi, A. (1998). Scanning a document with a small camera attached 

to a mouse. In IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV’98), pages 63–68, IEEE 

Computer Society, Princeton. 

Nalwa, V. S. (1987). Edge-detector resolution improvement by image interpolation. IEEE Transactions 

on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, PAMI-9(3), 446–451. 

Nalwa, V. S. (1993). A Guided Tour of Computer Vision. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA. 

Nalwa, V. S. and Binford, T. O. (1986). On detecting edges. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and 

Machine Intelligence, PAMI-8(6), 699–714.


Narasimhan, S. G. and Nayar, S. K. (2005). Enhancing resolution along multiple imaging dimensions 

using assorted pixels. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 27(4), 518–530. 

Narayanan, P., Rander, P., and Kanade, T. (1998). Constructing virtual worlds using dense stereo. In Sixth 

International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’98), pages 3–10, Bombay. 

Nayar, S., Watanabe, M., and Noguchi, M. (1995). Real-time focus range sensor. In Fifth International 

Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’95), pages 995–1001, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Nayar, S. K. (2006). Computational cameras: Redefining the image. Computer, 39(8), 30–38. 

Nayar, S. K. and Branzoi, V. (2003). Adaptive dynamic range imaging: Optical control of pixel exposures 

over space and time. In Ninth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), pages 1168– 


Nayar, S. K. and Mitsunaga, T. (2000). High dynamic range imaging: Spatially varying pixel exposures. 


pages 472–479, Hilton Head Island. 

Nayar, S. K., Ikeuchi, K., and Kanade, T. (1991). Shape from interreflections. International Journal of 


Negahdaripour, S. and Yu, C. H. (1993). A generalized brightness change model for computing optical 

flow. In Fourth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’93), pages 2–11, IEEE Computer 

Society Press, Berlin, Germany. 

Nene, S. and Nayar, S. K. (1997). A simple algorithm for nearest neighbor search in high dimensions. 


Netravali, A. and Robbins, J. (1979). Motion-compensated television coding: Part 1. Bell System Tech., 

58(3), 631–670. 

Nevatia, R. (1977). A color edge detector and its use in scene segmentation. IEEE Transactions on 

Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC-7(11), 820–826. 

Nevatia, R. and Binford, T. (1977). Description and recognition of curved objects. Artificial Intelligence, 

8, 77–98. 

Ng, A. Y., Jordan, M. I., and Weiss, Y. (2001). On spectral clustering: Analysis and an algorithm. In 

Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pages 849–854, MIT Press. 

Nielsen, M., Florack, L. M. J., and Deriche, R. (1997). Regularization, scale-space, and edge-detection 

filters. Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision, 7(4), 291–307. 

Nielson, G. M. (1993). Scattered data modeling. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 13(1), 

60–70.


Nir, T., Bruckstein, A. M., and Kimmel, R. (2008). Over-parameterized variational optical flow. International 


Nishihara, H. K. (1984). Practical real-time imaging stereo matcher. OptEng, 23(5), 536–545. 

Nistér, D. (2003). Preemptive RANSAC for live structure and motion estimation. In Ninth International 


Nistér, D. (2004). An efficient solution to the five-point relative pose problem. IEEE Transactions on 


Nistér, D. and Stewénius, H. (2006). Scalable recognition with a vocabulary tree. In IEEE Computer 

Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2006), pages 2161–2168, New 

York City, NY. 

Nistér, D. and Stewénius, H. (2008). Linear time maximally stable extremal regions. In Tenth European 

Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2008), pages 183–196, Springer-Verlag, Marseilles. 

Nomura, Y., Zhang, L., and Nayar, S. K. (2007). Scene collages and flexible camera arrays. In Eurographics 

Symposium on Rendering. 

Obdrˇzálek, S. and Matas, J. (2007). Object recognition using local affine frames on maximally stable 

extremal regions. In Ponce, J., Hebert, M., Schmid, C., and Zisserman, A., editors, Toward Category- 

Level Object Recognition, pages 83–104, Springer, New York. 

Ohlander, R., Price, K., and Reddy, D. R. (1978). Picture segmentation using a recursive region splitting 

method. Computer Graphics and Image Processing, 8(3), 313–333. 

Ohta, Y. and Kanade, T. (1985). Stereo by intra- and inter-scanline search using dynamic programming. 

IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, PAMI-7(2), 139–154. 

Okutomi, M. and Kanade, T. (1992). A locally adaptive window for signal matching. International 


Okutomi, M. and Kanade, T. (1993). A multiple baseline stereo. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis 

and Machine Intelligence, 15(4), 353–363. 

Okutomi, M. and Kanade, T. (1994). A stereo matching algorithm with an adaptive window: Theory and 

experiment. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 16(9), 920–932. 

Oliensis, J. (2000). A critique of structure-from-motion algorithms. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 

80(2), 172–214. 

Oliensis, J. and Genc, Y. (2001). Fast and accurate algorithms for projective multi-image structure from 

motion. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 23(6), 546–559.


Oliensis, J. and Hartley, R. (2007). Iterative extensions of the Sturm/Triggs algorithm: Convergence and 

nonconvergence. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 29(12), 2217–2233. 

Oliva, A. and Torralba, A. (2001). Modeling the shape of the scene: a holistic representation of the spatial 

envelope. International Journal of Computer Vision, 42(3), 145–175. 

Olsson, C., Eriksson, A. P., and Kahl, F. (2008). Improved spectral relaxation methods for binary quadratic 

optimization problems. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 112(1), 3–13. 

Omer, I. and Werman, M. (2004). Color lines: Image specific color representation. In IEEE Computer Society 

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2004), pages 946–953, Washington, 

DC. 

Opelt, A., Pinz, A., and Zisserman, A. (2006). A boundary-fragment-model for object detection. In 


Opelt, A., Fussenegger, M., Pinz, A., and Auer, P. (2004). Weak hypotheses and boosting for generic 

object detection and recognition. In Eighth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2004), 

pages 71–84, Springer-Verlag, Prague. 

Opelt, A., Pinz, A., Fussenegger, M., and Auer, P. (2006). Generic object recognition with boosting. IEEE 


OpenGL-ARB. (1997). OpenGL Reference Manual: The Official Reference Document to OpenGL, Version 

1.1. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 2nd edition. 

Oppenheim, A. V. and Schafer, A. S. (1996). Signals and Systems. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New 

Jersey, 2nd edition. 

Oppenheim, A. V., Schafer, R. W., and Buck, J. R. (1999). Discrete-Time Signal Processing. Prentice 

Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 2nd edition. 

Osher, S. and Paragios, N., editors. (2003). Geometric Level Set Methods in Imaging, Vision, and Graphics, 

Springer. 

Osuna, E., Freund, R., and Girosi, F. (1997). Training support vector machines: An application to face 

detection. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’97), 

pages 130–136, San Juan, Puerto Rico. 

OToole, A. J. et al.. (2009). Face recognition algorithms surpass humans matching faces over changes in 

illumination. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 29(9), 1642–1646. 

OToole, A. J., Jiang, F., Roark, D., and Abdi, H. (2006). Predicting human face recognition. In Zhao, 

W.-Y. and Chellappa, R., editors, Face Processing: Advanced Methods and Models, Elsevier.


Ott, M., Lewis, J. P., and Cox, I. J. (1993). Teleconferencing eye contact using a virtual camera. In 

INTERACT’93 and CHI’93 conference companion on Human factors in computing systems, pages 109– 

110, ACM Press, Amsterdam. 

Paglieroni, D. W. (1992). Distance transforms: Properties and machine vision applications. Graphical 

Models and Image Processing, 54(1), 56–74. 

Pal, C., Szeliski, R., Uyttendaele, M., and Jojic, N. (2004). Probability models for high dynamic 

range imaging. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 

(CVPR’2004), pages 173–180, Washington, DC. 

Palmer, S. E. (1999). Vision Science: Photons to Phenomenology. The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Papageorgiou, C. and Poggio, T. (2000). A trainable system for object detection. International Journal of 


Papenberg, N. et al.. (2006). Highly accurate optic flow computation with theoretically justified warping. 


Paragios, N., Faugeras, O. D., Chan, T., and Schnörr, C., editors. (2005). Third International Workshop 

on Variational, Geometric, and Level Set Methods in Computer Vision (VLSM 2005), Springer, Beijing, 

China. 

Paris, S. and Durand, F. (2006). A fast approximation of the bilateral filter using a signal processing 

approach. In Leonardis, A., Bischof, H., and Pinz, A., editors, Computer Vision – ECCV 2006, pages 568– 


Paris, S. and Durand, F. (2007). A topological approach to hierarchical segmentation using mean shift. 


MN. 

Park, S. C., Park, M. K., and Kang, M. G. (2003). Super-resolution image reconstruction: A technical 

overview. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 20, 21–36. 

Parke, F. I. and Waters, K. (1996). Computer Facial Animation. A K Peters, Wellesley, Massachusetts. 

Parker, J. A., Kenyon, R. V., and Troxel, D. E. (1983). Comparison of interpolating methods for image 

resampling. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, MI-2(1), 31–39. 

Pavlidis, T. (1997). Structural Pattern Recongition. Springer-Verlag, Berline; New York. 

Pearl, J. (1988). Probabilistic reasoning in intelligent systems: networks of plausible inference. Morgan 

Kaufmann Publishers, Los Altos.


Peleg, R. and Ben-Ezra, M. (1999). Stereo panorama with a single camera. In IEEE Computer Society 

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’99), pages 395–401, Fort Collins. 

Peleg, R., Ben-Ezra, M., and Pritch, Y. (2001). Omnistereo: Panoramic stereo imaging. IEEE Transactions 


Peleg, S. (1981). Elimination of seams from photomosaics. Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image 

Processing, 16(1), 1206–1210. 

Peleg, S. and Herman, J. (1997). Panoramic mosaics by manifold projection. In IEEE Computer Society 


Rico. 

Peleg, S. and Rav-Acha, A. (2006). Lucas-Kanade without iterative warping. In International Conference 

on Image Processing (ICIP-2006), pages 1097–1100, Atlanta. 

Peleg, S., Rousso, B., Rav-Acha, A., and Zomet, A. (2000). Mosaicing on adaptive manifolds. IEEE 


Penev, P. and Atick, J. (1996). Local feature analysis: A general statistical theory for object representation. 

Network Computation and Neural Systems, 7, 477–500. 

Pentland, A. P. (1984). Local shading analysis. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine 

Intelligence, PAMI-6(2), 170–179. 

Pentland, A. P. (1986). Perceptual organization and the representation of natural form. Artificial Intelligence, 

28(3), 293–331. 

Pentland, A. P. (1994). Interpolation using wavelet bases. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and 


Pérez, P., Blake, A., and Gangnet, M. (2001). JetStream: Probabilistic contour extraction with particles. 

In Eighth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2001), pages 524–531, Vancouver, Canada. 

Pérez, P., Gangnet, M., and Blake, A. (2003). Poisson image editing. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 

22(3), 313–318. 

Perona, P. (1995). Deformable kernels for early vision. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and 


Perona, P. and Malik, J. (1990a). Detecting and localizing edges composed of steps, peaks and roofs. 

In Third International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’90), pages 52–57, IEEE Computer Society 

Press, Osaka, Japan. 

Perona, P. and Malik, J. (1990b). Scale space and edge detection using anisotropic diffusion. IEEE 

Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 12(7), 629–639.


Peters, J. and Reif, U. (2008). Subdivision Surfaces. Springer. 

Petschnigg, G., Agrawala, M., Hoppe, H., Szeliski, R., Cohen, M., and Toyama, K. (2004). Digital 

photography with flash and no-flash image pairs. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 23(3), 664–672. 

Pflugfelder, R. (2008). Self-calibrating Cameras in Video Surveillance. Ph.D. thesis, Graz University of 

Technology. 

Philbin, J., Chum, O., Isard, M., Sivic, J., and Zisserman, A. (2007). Object retrieval with large vocabularies 

and fast spatial matching. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern 

Recognition (CVPR 2007), Minneapolis, MN. 

Philbin, J., Chum, O., Sivic, J., Isard, M., and Zisserman, A. (2008). Lost in quantization: Improving particular 

object retrieval in large scale image databases. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer 


Phillips, P. J. et al.. (2009). Frvt 2006 and ice 2006 large-scale experimental results. IEEE Transactions 

on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, . 

Phillips, P. J., Moon, H., Rizvi, S. A., and Rauss, P. J. (2000). The FERET evaluation methodology for 

face recognition algorithms. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 22(10), 

1090–1104. 

Phong, B. T. (1975). Illumination for computer generated pictures. Communications of the ACM, 18(6), 

311–317. 

Pickup, L. C. (2007). Machine Learning in Multi-frame Image Super-resolution. Ph.D. thesis, University 

of Oxford. 

Pickup, L. C., Capel, D. P., Roberts, S. J., and Zisserman, A. (2007a). Bayesian methods for image 

super-resolution. Computer Journal, . 

Pickup, L. C., Capel, D. P., Roberts, S. J., and Zisserman, A. (2007b). Overcoming registration uncertainty 

in image super-resolution: Maximize or marginalize? EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal 

Processing, (Article ID 23565). 

Pighin, F., Salesin, D. H., and Szeliski, R. (1999). Resynthesizing facial animation through 3D modelbased 

tracking. In Seventh International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’99), pages 143–150, 

Kerkyra, Greece. 

Pighin, F., Hecker, J., Lischinski, D., Salesin, D. H., and Szeliski, R. (1998). Synthesizing realistic facial 

expressions from photographs. In Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH’98 Proceedings), pages 75–84, ACM 

SIGGRAPH, Orlando.


Pilet, J., Lepetit, V., and Fua, P. (2008). Fast non-rigid surface detection, registration, and realistic augmentation. 

International Journal of Computer Vision, 76(2). 

Pinz, A. (2005). Object categorization. Foundations and Trends in Computer Graphics and Computer 

Vision, 1(3). 

Pizer, S. M., Amburn, E. P., Austin, J. D., Cromartie, R., Geselowitz, A., Greer, T., Romeny, B. T. H., 

and Zimmerman, J. B. (1987). Adaptive histogram equalization and its variations. Computer Vision, 

Graphics, and Image Processing, 39(3), 355–368. 

Platel, B., Balmachnova, E., Florack, L., and ter Haar Romeny, B. (2006). Top-points as interest points 

for image matching. In Leonardis, A., Bischof, H., and Pinz, A., editors, Computer Vision – ECCV 2006, 

pages 418–429, Springer. 

Platt, J. C. (2000). Optimal filtering for patterned displays. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 7(7), 179– 

180. 

Poelman, C. J. and Kanade, T. (1997). A paraperspective factorization method for shape and motion 

recovery. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 19(3), 206–218. 

Poggio, T. and Koch, C. (1985). Ill-posed problems in early vision: from computational theory to analogue 

networks. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B 226, 303–323. 

Poggio, T. et al.. (1988). The MIT vision machine. In Image Understanding Workshop, pages 177–198, 

Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Boston. 

Poggio, T., Torre, V., and Koch, C. (1985). Computational vision and regularization theory. Nature, 

317(6035), 314–319. 

Pollard, S. B., Mayhew, J. E. W., and Frisby, J. P. (1985). PMF: A stereo correspondence algorithm using 

a disparity gradient limit. Perception, 14, 449–470. 

Pollefeys, M. and Van Gool, L. (2002). From images to 3D models. Communications of the ACM, 45(7), 

50–55. 

Pollefeys, M. et al.. (2008). Detailed real-time urban 3d reconstruction from video. International Journal 

of Computer Vision, 78(2-3), 143–167. 

Ponce, J. et al.. (2007a). Dataset issues in object recognition. In Ponce, J., Hebert, M., Schmid, C., and 

Zisserman, A., editors, Toward Category-Level Object Recognition, pages 29–48, Springer, New York. 

Ponce, J., Hebert, M., Schmid, C., and Zisserman, A., editors. (2007b). Toward Category-Level Object 

Recognition, Springer, New York.


Pons, J.-P., Keriven, R., and Faugeras, O. (2005). Modelling dynamic scenes by registering multi-view 

image sequences. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Pons, J.-P., Keriven, R., and Faugeras, O. (2007). Multi-view stereo reconstruction and scene flow estimation 

with a global image-based matching score. International Journal of Computer Vision, 72(2), 

179–193. 

Porter, T. and Duff, T. (1984). Compositing digital images. Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH’84), 18(3), 

253–259. 

Portilla, J. and Simoncelli, E. P. (2000). A parametric texture model based on joint statistics of complex 

wavelet coefficients. International Journal of Computer Vision, 40(1), 49–71. 

Portilla, J., Strela, V., Wainwright, M., and Simoncelli, E. P. (2003). Image denoising using scale mixtures 

of Gaussians in the wavelet domain. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 12(11), 1338–1351. 

Potetz, B. (2007). Efficient belief propagation for vision using linear constraint nodes. In IEEE Computer 


Potetz, B. and Lee, T. S. (2008). Efficient belief propagation for higher-order cliques using linear constraint 

nodes. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 112(1), 39–54. 

Potmesil, M. (1987). Generating octree models of 3D objects from their silhouettes in a sequence of 

images. Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing, 40, 1–29. 

Pratt, W. K. (2001). Digital Image Processing. John Wiley & Sons, 3rd edition. 

Prazdny, K. (1985). Detection of binocular disparities. Biological Cybernetics, 52, 93–99. 

Pritchett, P. and Zisserman, A. (1998). Wide baseline stereo matching. In Sixth International Conference 

on Computer Vision (ICCV’98), pages 754–760, Bombay. 

Proesmans, M., Van Gool, L., and Defoort, F. (1998). Reading between the lines - a method for extracting 

dynamic 3D with texture. In Sixth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’98), pages 1081– 

1086, Bombay. 

Pulli, K. (1999). Multiview registration for large data sets. In Second International Conference on 3D 

Digital Imaging and Modeling (3DIM’99), pages 160–168, Ottawa, Canada. 

Pulli, K. et al.. (1998). Acquisition and visualization of colored 3D objects. In International Conference 

on Pattern Recognition (ICPR’98), pages 11–15. 

Quack, T., Leibe, B., and Gool, L. V. (2008). World-scale mining of objects and events from community 

photo collections. In Conference on Image and Video Retrieval, pages 47–56, Niagara Falls.


Quam, L. H. (1984). Hierarchical warp stereo. In Image Understanding Workshop, pages 149–155, 

Science Applications International Corporation, New Orleans. 

Quan, L. and Lan, Z. (1999). Linear N-point camera pose determination. IEEE Transactions on Pattern 


Quan, L. and Mohr, R. (1989). Determining perspective structures using hierarchical Hough transform. 

Pattern Recognition Letters, 9(4), 279–286. 

Rabinovich, A., Vedaldi, A., Galleguillos, C., Wiewiora, E., and Belongie, S. (2007). Objects in context. 

In Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2007), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. 

Rademacher, P. and Bishop, G. (1998). Multiple-center-of-projection images. In Computer Graphics Proceedings, 

Annual Conference Series, pages 199–206, ACM SIGGRAPH, Proc. SIGGRAPH’98 (Orlando). 

Ramer, U. (1972). An iterative procedure for the polygonal approximation of plane curves. Computer 

Graphics and Image Processing, 1(3), 244–256. 

Ramnath, K. et al.. (2008). Multi-view aam fitting and construction. International Journal of Computer 

Vision, 76(2), 183–204. 

Raskar, R. and Tumblin, J. (2009). Computational Photography: Mastering New Techniques for Lenses, 

Lighting, and Sensors. A K Peters, Wellesley, Massachusetts. 

Raskar, R., Tan, K.-H., Feris, R., Yu, J., and Turk, M. (2004). Non-photorealistic camera: Depth edge 

detection and stylized rendering using multi-flash imaging. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 23(3), 679–? 

Rav-Acha, A., Kohli, P., Fitzgibbon, A., and Rother, C. (2008). Unwrap mosaics: A new representation 

for video editing. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 27(3). 

Rav-Acha, A., Pritch, Y., Lischinski, D., and Peleg, S. (2005). Dynamosaics: Video mosaics with nonchronological 

time. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Ray, S. F. (2002). Applied Photographic Optics. Focal Press, Oxford, 3rd edition. 

Rehg, J. and Kanade, T. (1994). Visual tracking of high dof articulated structures: an application to human 

hand tracking. In Third European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’94), pages 35–46, Springer- 

Verlag, Stockholm, Sweden. 

Rehg, J. and Witkin, A. (1991). Visual tracking with deformation models. In IEEE International Conference 

on Robotics and Automation, pages 844–850, IEEE Computer Society Press, Sacramento. 

Reichenbach, S. E., Park, S. K., and Narayanswamy, R. (1991). Characterizing digital image acquisition 

devices. Optical Engineering, 30(2), 170–177.


Reinhard, E., Stark, M., Shirley, P., and Ferwerda, J. (2002). Photographic tone reproduction for digital 

images. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), 21(3), 267–276. 

Reinhard, E., Ward, G., Pattanaik, S., and Debevec, P. (2005). High Dynamic Range Imaging: Acquisition, 

Display, and Image-Based Lighting. Morgan Kaufmann. 

Rhemann, C., Rother, C., and Gelautz, M. (2008a). Improving color modeling for alpha matting. In 

British Machine Vision Conference (BMVC 2008), Leeds. 

Rhemann, C., Rother, C., Rav-Acha, A., and Sharp, T. (2008b). High resolution matting via interactive 

trimap segmentation. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Rioul, O. and Vetterli, M. (1991). Wavelets and signal processing. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, , 

14–38. 

Rioux, M. and Bird, T. (1993). White laser, synced scan. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 

13(3), 15–17. 

Riseman, E. M. and Arbib, M. A. (1977). Computational techniques in the visual segmentation of static 

scenes. Computer Graphics and Image Processing, 6(3), 221–276. 

Ritter, G. X. and Wilson, J. N. (2000). Handbook of Computer Vision Algorithms in Image Algebra. CRC 

Press, Boca Raton, 2nd edition. 

Roberts, L. G. (1965). Machine perception of three-dimensional solids. In Tippett et al., editors, Optical 

and Electro-Optical Information Processing, chapter 9, pages 159–197, MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Robertson, D. and Cipolla, R. (2004). An image-based system for urban navigation. In British Machine 

Vision Conference, pages 656–665, Kingston. 

Robertson, D. P. and Cipolla, R. (2002). Building architectural models from many views using map 

constraints. In Seventh European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2002), pages 155–169, Springer- 

Verlag, Copenhagen. 

Robertson, D. P. and Cipolla, R. (2009). Architectural modelling. In Varga, M., editor, Practical Image 

Processing and Computer Vision, John Wiley. 

Roble, D. (1999). Vision in film and special effects. Computer Graphics, 33(4), 58–60. 

Rogez, G., Rihan, J., Ramalingam, S., Orrite, C., and Torr, P. H. S. (2008). Randomized trees for human 

pose detection. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 

(CVPR 2008), Anchorage, AK.


Román, A. and Lensch, H. P. A. (2006). Automatic multiperspective images. In Eurographics Symposium 

on Rendering, pages 83–92. 

Román, A., Garg, G., and Levoy, M. (2004). Interactive design of multi-perspective images for visualizing 

urban landscapes. In IEEE Visualization 2004, pages 537–544, Minneapolis. 

Rosenfeld, A. (1980). Quadtrees and pyramids for pattern recognition and image processing. In Fifth International 

Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR’80), pages 802–809, IEEE Computer Society Press, 

Miami Beach. 

Rosenfeld, A., editor. (1984). Multiresolution Image Processing and Analysis, Springer-Verlag, New 

York. 

Rosenfeld, A. and Davis, L. S. (1979). Image segmentation and image models. Proceedings of the IEEE, 

67(5), 764–772. 

Rosenfeld, A. and Kak, A. C. (1976). Digital Picture Processing. Academic Press, New York. 

Rosenfeld, A., Hummel, R. A., and Zucker, S. W. (1976). Scene labeling by relaxation operations. IEEE 

Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC-6, 420–433. 

Rosten, E. and Drummond, T. (2005). Fusing points and lines for high performance tracking. In Tenth 


Rosten, E. and Drummond, T. (2006). Machine learning for high-speed corner detection. In Leonardis, 

A., Bischof, H., and Pinz, A., editors, Computer Vision – ECCV 2006, pages 430–443, Springer. 

Roth, S. and Black, M. J. (2007). Steerable random fields. In Tenth International Conference on Computer 

Vision (ICCV 2007), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. 

Roth, S. and Black, M. J. (2009). Fields of experts. International Journal of Computer Vision, 82(2), 

205–229. 

Rother, C. (2002). A new approach for vanishing point detection in architectural environments. Image 

and Vision Computing, 20(9-10), 647–656. 

Rother, C. (2003). Linear multi-view reconstruction of points, lines, planes and cameras using a reference 

plane. In Ninth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), pages 1210–1217, Nice, 

France. 

Rother, C., Kolmogorov, V., and Blake, A. (2004). “GrabCut”—interactive foreground extraction using 

iterated graph cuts. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 23(3), 309–314. 

Rother, C., Bordeaux, L., Hamadi, Y., and Blake, A. (2006). Autocollage. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 

25(3), 847–852.


Rother, C., Kolmogorov, V., Lempitsky, V., and Szummer, M. (2007). Optimizing binary mrfs via extended 

roof duality. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Rothganger, F., Lazebnik, S., Schmid, C., and Ponce, J. (2006). 3d object modeling and recognition 

using local affine-invariant image descriptors and multi-view spatial constraints. International Journal of 


Rousseeuw, P. J. (1984). Least median of squares regresssion. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 

79, 871–880. 

Rousseeuw, P. J. and Leroy, A. M. (1987). Robust Regression and Outlier Detection. Wiley, New York. 

Rousson, M. and Paragios, N. (2008). Prior knowledge, level set representations, and visual grouping. 


Roweis, S. and Ghahramani, Z. (1999). A unifying review of linear gaussian models. Neural Computation, 

11(2), 305–345. 

Rowland, D. A. and Perrett, D. I. (1995). Manipulating facial appearance through shape and color. IEEE 


Rowley, H. A., Baluja, S., and Kanade, T. (1998a). Neural network-based face detection. IEEE Transactions 


Rowley, H. A., Baluja, S., and Kanade, T. (1998b). Rotation invariant neural network-based face detection. 

In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’98), pages 38– 

44, Santa Barbara. 

Roy, S. and Cox, I. J. (1998). A maximum-flow formulation of the N-camera stereo correspondence 

problem. In Sixth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’98), pages 492–499, Bombay. 

Rubner, Y., Tomasi, C., and Guibas, L. J. (2000). The earth mover’s distance as a metric for image 

retrieval. International Journal of Computer Vision, 40(2), 99–121. 

Rumelhart, D. E., Hinton, G. E., and Williams, R. J. (1986). Learning internal representations by error 

propagation. In Rumelhart, D. E., McClelland, J. L., and the PDP research group, editors, Parallel 

distributed processing: Explorations in the microstructure of cognition, pages 318–362, Bradford Books, 


Rusinkiewicz, S. and Levoy, M. (2000). Qsplat: A multiresolution point rendering system for large 

meshes. Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 2000, , 343–352. 

Russ, J. C. (2007). The Image Processing Handbook. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 5th edition.


Russell, B. C., Torralba, A., Murphy, K. P., and Freeman, W. T. (2008). Labelme: A database and webbased 

tool for image annotation. International Journal of Computer Vision, 77(1-3), 157–173. 

Russell, B. C., Torralba, A., Liu, C., Fergus, R., and Freeman, W. T. (2007). Object recognition by scene 

alignment. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, MIT Press. 

Ruzon, M. A. and Tomasi, C. (2000). Alpha estimation in natural images. In IEEE Computer Society 

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2000), pages 18–25, Hilton Head Island. 

Ruzon, M. A. and Tomasi, C. (2001). Edge, junction, and corner detection using color distributions. IEEE 


Ryan, T. W., Gray, R. T., and Hunt, B. R. (1980). Prediction of correlation errors in stereo-pair images. 

Optical Engineering, 19(3), 312–322. 

Saad, Y. (2003). Iterative Methods for Sparse Linear Systems. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 

second edition. 

Saint-Marc, P., Chen, J. S., and Medioni, G. (1991). Adaptive smoothing: A general tool for early vision. 


Saito, H. and Kanade, T. (1999). Shape reconstruction in projective grid space from large number of 

images. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’99), 

pages 49–54, Fort Collins. 

Salzmann, M., Urtasun, R., and Fua, P. (2008). Local deformation models for monocular 3d shape 

recovery. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 


Samet, H. (1989). The Design and Analysis of Spatial Data Structures. Addison-Wesley, Reading, 


Sander, P. T. and Zucker, S. W. (1990). Inferring surface trace and differential structure from 3-D images. 


Sapiro, G. (2001). Geometric Partial Differential Equations and Image Analysis. Cambridge University 

Press. 

Sato, Y. and Ikeuchi, K. (1996). Reflectance analysis for 3D computer graphics model generation. Graphical 

Models and Image Processing, 58(5), 437–451. 

Sato, Y., Wheeler, M., and Ikeuchi, K. (1997). Object shape and reflectance modeling from observation. 

In Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, pages 379–387, ACM SIGGRAPH, Proc. 

SIGGRAPH’97 (Los Angeles).


Sawhney, H. S. (1994). Simplifying motion and structure analysis using planar parallax and image warping. 

In Twelfth International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR’94), pages 403–408, IEEE Computer 

Society Press, Jerusalem, Israel. 

Sawhney, H. S. and Ayer, S. (1996). Compact representation of videos through dominant multiple motion 

estimation. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 18(8), 814–830. 

Sawhney, H. S. and Hanson, A. R. (1991). Identification and 3D description of ‘shallow’ environmental 

structure over a sequence of images. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and 

Pattern Recognition (CVPR’91), pages 179–185, IEEE Computer Society Press, Maui, Hawaii. 

Sawhney, H. S. and Kumar, R. (1999). True multi-image alignment and its application to mosaicing 

and lens distortion correction. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 21(3), 

235–243. 

Sawhney, H. S. et al.. (1998). Videobrush: Experiences with consumer video mosaicing. In IEEE Workshop 

on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV’98), pages 56–62, IEEE Computer Society, Princeton. 

Saxena, A., Sun, M., and Ng, A. Y. (2009). Make3d: Learning 3d scene structure from a single still image. 


Schaffalitzky, F. and Zisserman, A. (2000). Planar grouping for automatic detection of vanishing lines and 

points. Image and Vision Computing, 18, 647–658. 

Schaffalitzky, F. and Zisserman, A. (2002). Multi-view matching for unordered image sets, or “How 

do I organize my holiday snaps?”. In Seventh European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2002), 

pages 414–431, Springer-Verlag, Copenhagen. 

Scharr, H., Black, M. J., and Haussecker, H. W. (2003). Image statistics and anisotropic diffusion. In 


Scharstein, D. (1994). Matching images by comparing their gradient fields. In Twelfth International 

Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR’94), pages 572–575, IEEE Computer Society Press, Jerusalem, 

Israel. 

Scharstein, D. (1999). View Synthesis Using Stereo Vision. Volume 1583 of Lecture Notes in Computer 

Science (LNCS), Springer-Verlag. 

Scharstein, D. and Pal, C. (2007). Learning conditional random fields for stereo. In IEEE Computer 


Scharstein, D. and Szeliski, R. (1998). Stereo matching with nonlinear diffusion. International Journal of 

Computer Vision, 28(2), 155–174.


Scharstein, D. and Szeliski, R. (2002). A taxonomy and evaluation of dense two-frame stereo correspondence 

algorithms. International Journal of Computer Vision, 47(1), 7–42. 

Scharstein, D. and Szeliski, R. (2003). High-accuracy stereo depth maps using structured light. In IEEE 


Madison, WI. 

Schechner, Y. Y., Nayar, S. K., and Belhumeur, P. (2003). A theory of multiplexed illumination. In Ninth 


Schindler, G., Brown, M., and Szeliski, R. (2007). City-scale location recognition. In IEEE Computer 


Schindler, G., Krishnamurthy, P., Lublinerman, R., Liu, Y., and Dellaert, F. (2008). Detecting and matching 

repeated patterns for automatic geo-tagging in urban environments. In IEEE Computer Society Conference 

on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2008), Anchorage, AK. 

Schmid, C. and Mohr, R. (1997). Local grayvalue invariants for image retrieval. IEEE Transactions on 


Schmid, C. and Zisserman, A. (1997). Automatic line matching across views. In IEEE Computer Society 


Rico. 

Schmid, C., Mohr, R., and Bauckhage, C. (2000). Evaluation of interest point detectors. International 


Schneiderman, H. and Kanade, T. (2004). Object detection using the statistics of parts. International 


Schödl, A., Szeliski, R., Salesin, D. H., and Essa, I. (2000). Video textures. In Computer Graphics 

(SIGGRAPH’2000 Proceedings), pages 489–498, ACM SIGGRAPH, New Orleans. 

Schoenemann, T. and Cremers, D. (2008). High resolution motion layer decomposition using dual-space 

graph cuts. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 


Schölkopf, B. and Smola, A., editors. (2002). Learning with Kernels: Support Vector Machines, Regularization, 

Optimization and Beyond. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Schröder, P. and Sweldens, W. (1995). Spherical wavelets: Efficiently representing functions on the 

sphere. In Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 95, pages 161–172. 

Schultz, R. R. and Stevenson, R. L. (1996). Extraction of high-resolution frames from video sequences. 

IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 5(6), 996–1011.


Sclaroff, S. and Isidoro, J. (2003). Active blobs: region-based, deformable appearance models. Computer 

Vision and Image Understanding, 89(2-3), 197–225. 

Scott, G. L. and Longuet-Higgins, H. C. (1990). Feature grouping by relocalization of eigenvectors of the 

proximity matrix. In British Machine Vision Conference, pages 103–108. 

Sebastian, T. B. and Kimia, B. B. (2005). Curves vs. skeletons in object recognition. Signal Processing, 

85(2), 246–263. 

Sederberg, T. W. and Parry, S. R. (1986). Free-form deformations of solid geometric models. Computer 

Graphics (SIGGRAPH’86), 20(4), 151–160. 

Sederberg, T. W., Gao, P., Wang, G., and Mu, H. (1993). 2d shape blending: An intrinsic solution to the 

vertex path problem. In Computer Graphics (Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 93), pages 15–18. 

Seitz, P. (1989). Using local orientation information as image primitive for robust object recognition. In 

SPIE Visual Communications and Image Processing IV, pages 1630–1639. 

Seitz, S. (2001). The space of all stereo images. In Eighth International Conference on Computer Vision 

(ICCV 2001), pages 26–33, Vancouver, Canada. 

Seitz, S. and Szeliski, R. (1999). Applications of computer vision to computer graphics. Computer 

Graphics, 33(4), 35–37. Guest Editors’ introduction to the Special Issue. 

Seitz, S., Curless, B., Diebel, J., Scharstein, D., and Szeliski, R. (2006). A comparison and evaluation of 

multi-view stereo reconstruction algorithms. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision 

and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2006), pages 519–526, New York, NY. 

Seitz, S. M. and Anandan, P. (1999). Implicit representation and scene reconstruction from probability 

density functions. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Seitz, S. M. and Dyer, C. M. (1996). View morphing. In Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual 


Seitz, S. M. and Dyer, C. M. (1997). Photorealistic scene reconstrcution by voxel coloring. In IEEE 


San Juan, Puerto Rico. 

Seitz, S. M. and Dyer, C. M. (1999). Photorealistic scene reconstruction by voxel coloring. International 


Serra, J. and Vincent, L. (1992). An overview of morphological filtering. Circuits, Systems and Signal 

Processing, 11(1), 47–108. 

Serra, J. P. (1982). Image Analysis and Mathematical Morphology. Academic Press, New York.


Serre, T., Wolf, L., and Poggio, T. (2005). Object recognition with features inspired by visual cortex. 



Sethian, J. (1999). Level Set Methods and Fast Marching Methods. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 

2nd edition. 

Shade, J., Gortler, S., wei He, L., and Szeliski, R. (1998). Layered depth images. In Computer Graphics 

(SIGGRAPH’98 Proceedings), pages 231–242, ACM SIGGRAPH, Orlando. 

Shade, J., Lischinski, D., Salesin, D., DeRose, T., and Snyder, J. (1996). Hierarchical images caching for 

accelerated walkthroughs of complex environments. In Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH’96) Proceedings, 

pages 75–82, ACM SIGGRAPH, Proc. SIGGRAPH’96 (New Orleans). 

Shafer, S. A. (1985). Using color to separate reflection components. COLOR Research and Applications, 

10(4), 210–218. 

Shafer, S. A., Healey, G., and Wolff, L. (1992). Physics-Based Vision: Principles and Practice. Jones & 

Bartlett, Cambridge, MA. 

Shafique, K. and Shah, M. (2005). A noniterative greedy algorithm for multiframe point correspondence. 


Shah, J. (1993). A nonlinear diffusion model for discontinuous disparity and half-occlusion in stereo. In 


40, New York. 

Shakhnarovich, G., Darrell, T., and Indyk, P., editors. (2006). Nearest-Neighbor Methods in Learning and 

Vision: Theory and Practice, MIT Press. 

Shakhnarovich, G., Viola, P., and Darrell, T. (2003). Fast pose estimation with parameter-sensitive hashing. 


Shan, Y., Liu, Z., and Zhang, Z. (2001). Model-based bundle adjustment with application to face modeling. 

In Eighth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2001), pages 644–641, Vancouver, 

Canada. 

Sharon, E., Galun, M., Sharon, D., Basri, R., and Brandt, A. (2006). Hierarchy and adaptivity in segmenting 

visual scenes. Nature, 442(7104), 810–813. 

Shashua, A. and Toelg, S. (1997). The quadric reference surface: Theory and applications. International 


Shashua, A. and Wexler, Y. (2001). Q-warping: Direct computation of quadratic reference surfaces. IEEE 



Shaw, D. and Barnes, N. (2006). Perspective rectangle detection. In Workshop on Applications of Computer 

Vision at ECCV’2006, Springer-Verlag. 

Shewchuk, J. R. (1994). An introduction to the conjugate gradient method without the agonizing pain. 

Unpublished manuscript, available on author’s homepage (http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/˜jrs/). An earlier version 

appeared as a Carnegie Mellon University Technical Report, CMU-CS-94-125. 

Shi, J. and Malik, J. (2000). Normalized cuts and image segmentation. IEEE Transactions on Pattern 


Shi, J. and Tomasi, C. (1994). Good features to track. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer 

Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’94), pages 593–600, IEEE Computer Society, Seattle. 

Shimizu, M. and Okutomi, M. (2001). Precise sub-pixel estimation on area-based matching. In Eighth 


Shirley, P. (2005). Fundamentals of Computer Graphics. A K Peters, Wellesley, Massachusetts, second 

edition. 

Shizawa, M. and Mase, K. (1991). A unified computational theory of motion transparency and motion 

boundaries based on eigenenergy analysis. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision 

and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’91), pages 289–295, IEEE Computer Society Press, Maui, Hawaii. 

Shoemake, K. (1985). Animating rotation with quaternion curves. Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH’85), 

19(3), 245–254. 

Shotton, J. et al.. (2008). Textonboost for image understanding: Multi-class object recognition and segmentation 

by jointly modeling appearance, shape and context. International Journal of Computer Vision, 

81(1), 2–23. 

Shotton, J., Blake, A., and Cipolla, R. (2005). Contour-based learning for object detection. In Tenth 


Shotton, J., Johnson, M., and Cipolla, R. (2008). Semantic texton forests for image categorization and 

segmentation. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 


Shotton, J., Winn, J., Rother, C., and Criminisi, A. (2006). TextonBoost: Joint appearance, shape and 

context modeling for multi-class object recognition and segmentation. In Leonardis, A., Bischof, H., and 

Pinz, A., editors, Computer Vision – ECCV 2006, pages 1–15, Springer. 

Shufelt, J. (1999). Performance evaluation and analysis of vanishing point detection techniques. IEEE 



Shum, H.-Y. and He, L.-W. (1999). Rendering with concentric mosaics. In SIGGRAPH’99, pages 299– 

306, ACM SIGGRAPH, Los Angeles. 

Shum, H.-Y. et al.. (1999). Omnivergenet stereo. In Seventh International Conference on Computer Vision 

(ICCV’99), pages 22–29, Greece. 

Shum, H.-Y. et al.. (2002). Rendering by manifold hopping. International Journal of Computer Vision, 

50(2), 185–201. 

Shum, H.-Y. and Szeliski, R. (1997). Panoramic Image Mosaicing. Technical Report MSR-TR-97-23, 

Microsoft Research. 

Shum, H.-Y. and Szeliski, R. (1999). Stereo reconstruction from multiperspective panoramas. In Seventh 


Shum, H.-Y. and Szeliski, R. (2000). Construction of panoramic mosaics with global and local alignment. 

International Journal of Computer Vision, 36(2), 101–130. Erratum published July 2002, 48(2):151-152. 

Shum, H.-Y., Chan, S.-C., and Kang, S. B. (2007). Image-Based Rendering. Springer, New York, NY. 

Shum, H.-Y., Han, M., and Szeliski, R. (1998). Interactive construction of 3D models from panoramic 

mosaics. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’98), 

pages 427–433, Santa Barbara. 

Shum, H.-Y., Ikeuchi, K., and Reddy, R. (1995). Principal component analysis with missing data and 

its application to polyhedral modeling. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 

17(9), 854–867. 

Sidenbladh, H. and Black, M. J. (2003). Learning the statistics of people in images and video. International 


Sillion, F. and Puech, C. (1994). Radiosity and Global Illumination. Morgan Kaufmann. 

Sim, T., Baker, S., , and Bsat, M. (2003). The cmu pose, illumination, and expression database. IEEE 


Simard, P. Y. et al.. (1998). Boxlets: a fast convolution algorithm for signal processing and neural networks. 

In Kearns, M. et al., editors, Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 13, pages 571– 

577, MIT Press. 

Simon, I., Snavely, N., and Seitz, S. M. (2007). Scene summarization for online image collections. In 


Simoncelli, E. P. (1999). Bayesian denoising of visual images in the wavelet domain. In Müller, P. and 

Vidakovic, B., editors, Bayesian Inference in Wavelet Based Models, pages 291–308, Springer-Verlag, 

New York.


Simoncelli, E. P. and Adelson, E. H. (1990a). Non-separable extensions of quadrature mirror filters to 

multiple dimensions. Proceedings of the IEEE, 78(4), 652–664. 

Simoncelli, E. P. and Adelson, E. H. (1990b). Subband transforms. In Woods, J., editor, Subband Coding, 

pages 143–191, Kluwer Academic Press, Norwell, MA. 

Simoncelli, E. P., Adelson, E. H., and Heeger, D. J. (1991). Probability distributions of optic flow. In IEEE 


IEEE Computer Society Press, Maui, Hawaii. 

Simoncelli, E. P., Freeman, W. T., Adelson, E. H., and Heeger, D. J. (1992). Shiftable multiscale transforms. 

IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 38(3), 587–607. 

Singaraju, D., Grady, L., and Vidal, R. (2008). Interactive image segmentation via minimization of 

quadratic energies on directed graphs. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and 

Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2008), Anchorage, AK. 

Sinha, P., Balas, B., Ostrovsky, Y., and Russell, R. (2006). Face recognition by humans: Nineteen results 

all computer vision researchers should know about. Proceedings of the IEEE, 94(11), 1948–1962. 

Sinha, S., Mordohai, P., and Pollefeys, M. (2007). Multi-view stereo via graph cuts on the dual of an 

adaptive tetrahedral mesh. In Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2007), Rio de 

Janeiro, Brasil. 

Sinha, S. N., Steedly, D., Szeliski, R., Agrawala, M., and Pollefeys, M. (2008). Interactive 3D architectural 

modeling from unordered photo collections. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 27(5). 

Sivic, J. and Zisserman, A. (2003). Video google: A text retrieval approach to object matching in videos. 


Sivic, J. and Zisserman, A. (2009). Efficient visual search of videos cast as text retrieval. IEEE Transactions 


Sivic, J., Zitnick, C. L., and Szeliski, R. (2006). Finding people in repeated shots of the same scene. In 

British Machine Vision Conference (BMVC 2006), pages 909–918, Springer-Verlag, Edinburgh. 

Sivic, J., Russell, B., Zisserman, A., Freeman, W. T., and Efros, A. A. (2008). Unsupervised discovery 

of visual object class hierarchies. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern 


Sivic, J., Russell, B. C., Efros, A. A., Zisserman, A., and Freeman, W. T. (2005). Discovering objects 

and their localization in images. In Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2005), 

pages 370–377, Beijing, China.


Slabaugh, G., Culbertson, B., Malzbender, T., and Stevens, M. (2004). Methods for volumetric reconstruction 

of visual scenes. International Journal of Computer Vision, 57(3), 179–199. 

Slama, C. C., editor. (1980). Manual of Photogrammetry. American Society of Photogrammetry, Falls 

Church, Virginia, fourth edition. 

Smelyanskiy, V. N., Cheeseman, P., Maluf, D. A., and Morris, R. D. (2000). Bayesian super-resolved surface 

reconstruction from images. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern 

Recognition (CVPR’2000), pages 375–382, Hilton Head Island. 

Smith, A. R. and Blinn, J. F. (1996). Blue screen matting. In Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual 


Smith, S. M. and Brady, J. M. (1997). SUSAN—a new approach to low level image processing. International 


Snavely, N., Seitz, S. M., and Szeliski, R. (2006). Photo tourism: Exploring photo collections in 3D. ACM 


Snavely, N., Seitz, S. M., and Szeliski, R. (2008a). Modeling the world from Internet photo collections. 


Snavely, N., Seitz, S. M., and Szeliski, R. (2008b). Skeletal graphs for efficient structure from motion. In 


AK. 

Snavely, N., Garg, R., Seitz, S. M., and Szeliski, R. (2008c). Finding paths through the world’s photos. 


Soatto, S., Doretto, G., and Wu, Y. N. (2001). Dynamic textures. In Eighth International Conference on 

Computer Vision (ICCV 2001), pages 439–446, Vancouver, Canada. 

Soatto, S., Yezzi, A. J., and Jin, H. (2003). Tales of shape and radiance in multiview stereo. In Ninth 


Soille, P. (2006). Morphological image compositing. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine 


Solina, F. and Bajcsy, R. (1990). Recovery of parametric models from range images: The case for 

superquadrics with global deformations. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 

12(2), 131–147. 

Sorenson, H. W. (1980). Parameter Estimation, Principles and Problems. Marcel Dekker, New York.


Soucy, M. and Laurendeau, D. (1992). Multi-resolution surface modeling from multiple range views. In 


353, IEEE Computer Society Press, Champaign, Illinois. 

Srinivasan, S. et al.. (2005). Electronic image stabilization and mosaicking algorithms. In Bovik, A., 

editor, Handbook of Image and Video Processing, Academic Press. 

Srivasan, P., Liang, P., and Hackwood, S. (1990). Computational geometric methods in volumetric intersections 

for 3D reconstruction. Pattern Recognition, 23(8), 843–857. 

Stark, J. A. (2000). Adaptive image contrast enhancement using generalizations of histogram equalization. 


Steedly, D. and Essa, I. (2001). Propagation of innovative information in non-linear least-squares structure 

from motion. In Eighth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2001), pages 223–229, 

Vancouver, Canada. 

Steedly, D., Essa, I., and Dellaert, F. (2003). Spectral partitioning for structure from motion. In Ninth 


Steedly, D., Pal, C., and Szeliski, R. (2005). Efficiently registering video into panoramic mosaics. In 


Steele, R. and Jaynes, C. (2005). Feature uncertainty arising from covariant image noise. In IEEE 

Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2005), pages 1063– 

1070, San Diego, CA. 

Steele, R. M. and Jaynes, C. (2006). Overconstrained linear estimation of radial distortion and multiview 

geometry. In Leonardis, A., Bischof, H., and Pinz, A., editors, Computer Vision – ECCV 2006, 

pages 253–264, Springer. 

Stein, A., Hoiem, D., and Hebert, M. (2007). Learning to extract object boundaries using motion cues. In 


Stein, G. (1995). Accurate internal camera calibration using rotation, with analysis of sources of error. 

In Fifth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’95), pages 230–236, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Stein, G. (1997). Lens distortion calibration using point correspondences. In IEEE Computer Society 


Rico. 

Stewart, C. V. (1999). Robust parameter estimation in computer vision. SIAM Reviews, 41(3), 513–537.


Stiller, C. and Konrad, J. (1999). Estimating motion in image sequences: A tutorial on modeling and 

computation of 2d motion. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 16(4), 70–91. 

Stollnitz, E. J., DeRose, T. D., and Salesin, D. H. (1996). Wavelets for Computer Graphics: Theory and 

Applications. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco. 

Strang, G. (1988). Linear Algebra and its Applications. Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, Publishers, San 

Diego, 3rd edition. 

Strang, G. (1989). Wavelets and dilation equations: A brief introduction. SIAM Reviews, 31(4), 614–627. 

Strecha, C., Fransens, R., and Gool, L. V. (2006). Combined depth and outlier estimation in multi-view 

stereo. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2006), 


Strecha, C., Tuytelaars, T., and Gool, L. V. (2003). Dense matching of multiple wide-baseline views. In 


Sturm, P. (2005). Multi-view geometry for general camera models. In IEEE Computer Society Conference 

on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2005), pages 206–212, San Diego, CA. 

Sturm, P. and Ramalingam, S. (2004). A generic concept for camera calibration. In Eighth European 

Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2004), pages 1–13, Springer-Verlag, Prague. 

Sturm, P. and Triggs, W. (1996). A factorization based algorithm for multi-image projective structure and 

motion. In Fourth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’96), pages 709–720, Springer-Verlag, 

Cambridge, England. 

Sudderth, E. B., Torralba, A., Freeman, W. T., and Willsky, A. S. (2005). Learning hierarchical models 

of scenes, objects, and parts. In Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2005), 

pages 1331–1338, Beijing, China. 

Sullivan, S. and Ponce, J. (1998). Automatic model construction and pose estimation from photographs 

using triangular splines. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 20(10), 1091– 

1096. 

Sun, D., Roth, S., Lewis, J., and Black, M. J. (2008). Learning optical flow. In Tenth European Conference 

on Computer Vision (ECCV 2008), pages 83–97, Springer-Verlag, Marseilles. 

Sun, J. et al.. (2004). Image completion with structure propagation. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 

24(3), 861–868. 

Sun, J., Zheng, N., and Shum, H. (2003). Stereo matching using belief propagation. IEEE Transactions 



Sun, J., Jia, J., Tang, C.-K., and Shum, H.-Y. (2004). Poisson matting. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 

23(3), 315–321. 

Sun, J., Li, Y., Kang, S. B., and Shum, H.-Y. (2006). Flash matting. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 

25(3), 772–778. 

Sung, K.-K. and Poggio, T. (1998). Example-based learning for view-based human face detection. IEEE 


Sutherland, I. E. (1974). Three-dimensional data input by tablet. Proceedings of the IEEE, 62(4), 453– 

461. 

Swain, M. J. and Ballard, D. H. (1991). Color indexing. International Journal of Computer Vision, 7(1), 

11–32. 

Swaminathan, R., Kang, S. B., Szeliski, R., Criminisi, A., and Nayar, S. K. (2002). On the motion and 

appearance of specularities in image sequences. In Seventh European Conference on Computer Vision 

(ECCV 2002), pages 508–523, Springer-Verlag, Copenhagen. 

Sweldens, W. (1996). Wavelets and the lifting scheme: A 5 minute tour. Z. Angew. Math. Mech., 76 

(Suppl. 2), 41–44. 

Sweldens, W. (1997). The lifting scheme: A construction of second generation wavelets. SIAM J. Math. 

Anal., 29(2), 511–546. 

Swendsen, R. H. and Wang, J.-S. (1987). Nonuniversal critical dynamics in Monte Carlo simulations. 

Physical Review Letters, 58(2), 86–88. 

Szeliski, R. (1986). Cooperative Algorithms for Solving Random-Dot Stereograms. Technical Report 

CMU-CS-86-133, Computer Science Department, Carnegie Mellon University. 

Szeliski, R. (1990a). Bayesian modeling of uncertainty in low-level vision. International Journal of 


Szeliski, R. (1990b). Fast surface interpolation using hierarchical basis functions. IEEE Transactions on 


Szeliski, R. (1991a). Fast shape from shading. CVGIP: Image Understanding, 53(2), 129–153. 

Szeliski, R. (1991b). Shape from rotation. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision 

and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’91), pages 625–630, IEEE Computer Society Press, Maui, Hawaii. 

Szeliski, R. (1993). Rapid octree construction from image sequences. CVGIP: Image Understanding, 

58(1), 23–32.


Szeliski, R. (1994). Image mosaicing for tele-reality applications. In IEEE Workshop on Applications of 

Computer Vision (WACV’94), pages 44–53, IEEE Computer Society, Sarasota. 

Szeliski, R. (1996). Video mosaics for virtual environments. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 

16(2), 22–30. 

Szeliski, R. (1999). A multi-view approach to motion and stereo. In IEEE Computer Society Conference 

on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’99), pages 157–163, Fort Collins. 

Szeliski, R. (2006a). Image alignment and stitching: A tutorial. Foundations and Trends in Computer 

Graphics and Computer Vision, 2(1). 

Szeliski, R. (2006b). Locally adapted hierarchical basis preconditioning. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 

25(3), 1135–1143. 

Szeliski, R. and Coughlan, J. (1997). Spline-based image registration. International Journal of Computer 

Vision, 22(3), 199–218. 

Szeliski, R. and Golland, P. (1999). Stereo matching with transparency and matting. International Journal 

of Computer Vision, 32(1), 45–61. Special Issue for Marr Prize papers. 

Szeliski, R. and Hinton, G. (1985). Solving random-dot stereograms using the heat equation. In IEEE 


IEEE Computer Society Press, San Francisco. 

Szeliski, R. and Ito, M. R. (1986). New Hermite cubic interpolator for two-dimensional curve generation. 

IEE Proceedings E, 133(6), 341–347. 

Szeliski, R. and Kang, S. B. (1994). Recovering 3D shape and motion from image streams using nonlinear 

least squares. Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, 5(1), 10–28. 

Szeliski, R. and Kang, S. B. (1995). Direct methods for visual scene reconstruction. In IEEE Workshop 

on Representations of Visual Scenes, pages 26–33, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Szeliski, R. and Kang, S. B. (1997). Shape ambiguities in structure from motion. IEEE Transactions on 


Szeliski, R. and Lavallée, S. (1996). Matching 3-D anatomical surfaces with non-rigid deformations using 

octree-splines. International Journal of Computer Vision, 18(2), 171–186. 

Szeliski, R. and Scharstein, D. (2004). Sampling the disparity space image. IEEE Transactions on Pattern 


Szeliski, R. and Shum, H.-Y. (1996). Motion estimation with quadtree splines. IEEE Transactions on 

Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 18(12), 1199–1210.


Szeliski, R. and Shum, H.-Y. (1997). Creating full view panoramic image mosaics and texture-mapped 

models. Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH’97 Proceedings), , 251–258. 

Szeliski, R. and Tonnesen, D. (1992). Surface modeling with oriented particle systems. Computer Graphics 

(SIGGRAPH’92), 26(2), 185–194. 

Szeliski, R. and Torr, P. (1998). Geometrically constrained structure from motion: Points on planes. In 

Koch, R. and Van Gool, L., editors, European Workshop on 3D Structure from Multiple Images of Large- 

Scale Environments (SMILE), pages 171–186, Freiburg, Germany. 

Szeliski, R. and Weiss, R. (1998). Robust shape recovery from occluding contours using a linear smoother. 


Szeliski, R., Avidan, S., and Anandan, P. (2000). Layer extraction from multiple images containing 

reflections and transparency. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern 

Recognition (CVPR’2000), pages 246–253, Hilton Head Island. 

Szeliski, R., Tonnesen, D., and Terzopoulos, D. (1993a). Curvature and continuity control in particlebased 

surface models. In SPIE Vol. 2031 Geometric Methods in Computer Vision II, pages 172–181, 

Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, San Diego. 

Szeliski, R., Tonnesen, D., and Terzopoulos, D. (1993b). Modeling surfaces of arbitrary topology with 

dynamic particles. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 

(CVPR’93), pages 82–87, New York. 

Szeliski, R., Uyttendaele, M., and Steedly, D. (2008a). Fast Poisson Blending using Multi-Splines. Technical 

Report MSR-TR-2008-58, Microsoft Research. 

Szeliski, R., Winder, S., and Uyttendaele, M. (2008b). High-quality multi-pass image resampling. Technical 

Report MSR-TR-2008-???, Microsoft Research. 

Szeliski, R., Zabih, R., Scharstein, D., Veksler, O., Kolmogorov, V., Agarwala, A., Tappen, M., and 

Rother, C. (2008c). A comparative study of energy minimization methods for Markov random fields 

with smoothness-based priors. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 30(6), 

1068–1080. 

Szeliski, R. S. (1989). Bayesian Modeling of Uncertainty in Low-Level Vision. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 

Boston. 

Szummer, M. and Picard, R. W. (1996). Temporal texture modeling. In IEEE International Conference 

on Image Processing (ICIP-96), pages 823–826, Lausanne. 

Tabb, M. and Ahuja, N. (1997). Multiscale image segmentation by integrated edge and region detection. 

IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 6(5), 642–655.


Taguchi, Y., Wilburn, B., and Zitnick, C. L. (2008). Stereo reconstruction with mixed pixels using adaptive 

over-segmentation. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Tanaka, M. and Okutomi, M. (2008). Locally adaptive learning for translation-variant MRF image priors. 



Tao, H., Sawhney, H., and Kumar, R. (2001). A global matching framework for stereo computation. In 

Eighth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2001), pages 532–539, Vancouver, Canada. 

Tappen, M. (2007). Utilizing variational optimization to learn markov random fields. In IEEE Computer 


Tappen, M., Liu, C., Freeman, W., and Adelson, E. (2007). Learning gaussian conditional random fields 

for low-level vision. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Tappen, M. F. and Freeman, W. T. (2003). Comparison of graph cuts with belief propagation for stereo, 

using identical MRF parameters. In Ninth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), 


Tappen, M. F. et al.. (2003). Exploiting the sparse derivative prior for super-resolution and image demosaicing. 

In Third International Workshop on Statistical and Computational Theories of Vision, Nice, 

France. 

Tappen, M. F., Freeman, W. T., and Adelson, E. H. (2005). Recovering intrinsic images from a single 

image. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 27(9), 1459–1472. 

Tardif, J.-P. et al.. (2006a). Self-calibration of a general radially symmetric distortion model. In Ninth 

European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2006), pages 186–199, Springer-Verlag, Graz. 

Tardif, J.-P., Sturm, P., and Roy, S. (2006b). Self-calibration of a general radially symmetric distortion 

model. In Leonardis, A., Bischof, H., and Pinz, A., editors, Computer Vision – ECCV 2006, pages 186– 


Taubin, G. (1995). Curve and surface smoothing without shrinkage. In Fifth International Conference on 

Computer Vision (ICCV’95), pages 852–857, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Taubman, D. S. and Marcellin, M. W. (2002). Jpeg2000: standard for interactive imaging. Proceedings of 

the IEEE, 90(8), 1336–1357. 

Taylor, C. J. (2003). Surface reconstruction from feature based stereo. In Ninth International Conference 

on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), pages 184–190, Nice, France.


Taylor, C. J., Debevec, P. E., and Malik, J. (1996). Reconstructing polyhedral models of architectural 

scenes from photographs. In Fourth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’96), pages 659– 

668, Springer-Verlag, Cambridge, England. 

Taylor, C. J., Kriegman, D. J., and Anandan, P. (1991). Structure and motion in two dimensions from 

multiple images: A least squares approach. In IEEE Workshop on Visual Motion, pages 242–248, IEEE 

Computer Society Press, Princeton, New Jersey. 

Tek, K. and Kimia, B. B. (2003). Symmetry maps of free-form curve segments via wave propagation. 

International Journal of Computer Vision, 54(1-3), 35–81. 

Tekalp, M. (1995). Digital Video Processing. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. 

Telea, A. (2004). An image inpainting technique based on fast marching method. Journal of Graphics 

Tools, 9(1), 23–34. 

Teodosio, L. and Bender, W. (1993). Salient video stills: Content and context preserved. In ACM Multimedia 

93, pages 39–46, Anaheim, California. 

Terzopoulos, D. (1983). Multilevel computational processes for visual surface reconstruction. Computer 

Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing, 24, 52–96. 

Terzopoulos, D. (1986). Regularization of inverse visual problems involving discontinuities. IEEE Transactions 

on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, PAMI-8(4), 413–424. 

Terzopoulos, D. (1988). The computation of visible-surface representations. IEEE Transactions on Pattern 

Analysis and Machine Intelligence, PAMI-10(4), 417–438. 

Terzopoulos, D. (1999). Visual modeling for computer animation: Graphics with a vision. Computer 

Graphics, 33(4), 42–45. 

Terzopoulos, D. and Fleischer, K. (1988). Deformable models. The Visual Computer, 4(6), 306–331. 

Terzopoulos, D. and Metaxas, D. (1991). Dynamic 3D models with local and global deformations: Deformable 

superquadrics. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 13(7), 703– 

714. 

Terzopoulos, D. and Szeliski, R. (1992). Tracking with Kalman snakes. In Blake, A. and Yuille, A. L., 

editors, Active Vision, pages 3–20, MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Terzopoulos, D. and Waters, K. (1990). Analysis of facial images using physical and anatomical models. 

In Third International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’90), pages 727–732, Osaka, Japan. 

Terzopoulos, D. and Witkin, A. (1988). Physically-based models with rigid and deformable components. 

IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 8(6), 41–51.


Terzopoulos, D., Witkin, A., and Kass, M. (1987). Symmetry-seeking models and 3D object reconstruction. 


Terzopoulos, D., Witkin, A., and Kass, M. (1988). Constraints on deformable models: Rcovering 3D 

shape and nonrigid motion. Artificial Intelligence, 36(1), 91–123. 

Thayananthan, A., Iwasaki, M., and Cipolla, R. (2008). Principled fusion of high-level model and lowlevel 

cues for motion segmentation. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern 


Thirthala, S. and Pollefeys, M. (2005). The radial trifocal tensor: A tool for calibrating the radial distortion 

of wide-angle cameras. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern 

Recognition (CVPR’2005), pages 321–328, San Diego, CA. 

Thrun, S. et al.. (2006). Stanley, the robot that won the DARPA Grand Challenge. Journal of Field 

Robotics, 23(9), 661–692. 

Tian, Q. and Huhns, M. N. (1986). Algorithms for subpixel registration. Computer Vision, Graphics, and 

Image Processing, 35, 220–233. 

Tikhonov, A. N. and Arsenin, V. Y. (1977). Solutions of Ill-Posed Problems. V. H. Winston, Washington, 

D. C. 

Tolliver, D. and Miller, G. (2006). Graph partitioning by spectral rounding: Applications in image segmentation 

and clustering. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 

(CVPR’2006), pages 1053–1060, New York City, NY. 

Tomasi, C. and Kanade, T. (1992). Shape and motion from image streams under orthography: A factorization 

method. International Journal of Computer Vision, 9(2), 137–154. 

Tomasi, C. and Manduchi, R. (1998). Bilateral filtering for gray and color images. In Sixth International 

Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’98), pages 839–846, Bombay. 

Tombari, F., Mattoccia, S., and Di Stefano, L. (2007). Segmentation-based adaptive support for accurate 

stereo correspondence. In Pacific-Rim Symposium on Image and Video Technology. 

Tombari, F., Mattoccia, S., Di Stefano, L., and Addimanda, E. (2008). Classification and evaluation of 

cost aggregation methods for stereo correspondence. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer 


Tommasini, T. et al.. (1998). Making good features track better. In IEEE Computer Society Conference 

on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’98), pages 178–183, IEEE Computer Society, Santa 

Barbara.


Torborg, J. and Kajiya, J. T. (1996). Talisman: Commodity realtime 3D graphics for the PC. In Computer 

Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, pages 353–363, ACM SIGGRAPH, Proc. SIG- 

GRAPH’96 (New Orleans). 

Torr, P. H. S. and Fitzgibbon, A. W. (2004). Invariant fitting of two view geometry. IEEE Transactions on 


Torr, P. H. S. and Murray, D. W. (1997). The development and comparison of robust methods for estimating 

the fundamental matrix. International Journal of Computer Vision, 24(3), 271–300. 

Torr, P. H. S., Szeliski, R., and Anandan, P. (1999). An integrated Bayesian approach to layer extraction 

from image sequences. In Seventh International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’99), pages 983– 

990, Kerkyra, Greece. 

Torr, P. H. S., Szeliski, R., and Anandan, P. (2001). An integrated Bayesian approach to layer extraction 

from image sequences. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 23(3), 297–303. 

Torralba, A. (2003). Contextual priming for object detection. International Journal of Computer Vision, 

53(2), 169–191. 

Torralba, A. (2007). Classifier-based methods. In Recognizing and Learning Object Categories. CVPR 

2007 Short Course on Recognizing and Learning Object Categories, http://people.csail.mit. 

edu/torralba/shortCourseRLOC/. 

Torralba, A., Freeman, W. T., and Fergus, R. (2008). 80 million tiny images: a large dataset for nonparametric 

object and scene recognition. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 

30(11), 1958–1970. 

Torralba, A., Murphy, K. P., and Freeman, W. T. (2004a). Contextual models for object detection using 

boosted random fields. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, MIT Press. 

Torralba, A., Murphy, K. P., and Freeman, W. T. (2004b). Sharing features: efficient boosting procedures 

for multiclass object detection. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern 

Recognition (CVPR’2004), pages 762–769, IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC. 

Torralba, A., Murphy, K. P., and Freeman, W. T. (2007). Sharing visual features for multiclass and 

multiview object detection. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 29(5), 854– 

869. 

Torralba, A., Murphy, K. P., Freeman, W. T., and Rubin, M. A. (2003). Context-based vision system 

for place and object recognition. In Ninth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), 


Torrance, K. E. and Sparrow, E. M. (1967). Theory for off-specular reflection from roughened surfaces. 

Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 57(9), 1105–1114.


Torresani, L. et al.. (2008). Non-rigid structure-from-motion: Estimating shape and motion with hierarchical 

priors. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 30(5), 878–892. 

Toyama, K. (1998). Prolegomena for Robust Face Tracking. Technical Report MSR-TR-98-65, Microsoft 

Research. 

Toyama, K. et al.. (1999). Wallflower: Principles and practice of background maintenance. In Seventh 


Tran, S. and Davis, L. (2002). 3d surface reconstruction using graph cuts with surface constraints. In Seventh 

European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2002), pages 219–231, Springer-Verlag, Copenhagen. 

Treisman, A. (1985). Preattentive processing in vision. Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing, 

31(2), 156–177. 

Triggs, B. (1996). Factorization methods for projective structure and motion. In IEEE Computer Society 

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’96), pages 845–851, San Francisco. 

Triggs, B. (2004). Detecting keypoints with stable position, orientation, and scale under illumination 

changes. In Eighth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2004), pages 100–113, Springer- 

Verlag, Prague. 

Triggs, B. et al.. (1999). Bundle adjustment — a modern synthesis. In International Workshop on Vision 

Algorithms, pages 298–372, Springer, Kerkyra, Greece. 

Trucco, E. and Verri, A. (1998). Introductory Techniques for 3-D Computer Vision. Prentice Hall. 

Tsai, R. Y. (1987). A versatile camera calibration technique for high-accuracy 3D machine vision metrology 

using off-the-shelf TV cameras and lenses. IEEE Journal of Robotics and Automation, RA-3(4), 

323–344. 

Tschumperlé, D. (2006). Curvature-preserving regularization of multi-valued images using pde’s. In 


Tschumperlé, D. and Deriche, R. (2005). Vector-valued image regularization with PDEs: A common 

framework for different applications. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 

27, 506–517. 

Tsin, Y., Kang, S. B., and Szeliski, R. (2003). Stereo matching with reflections and translucency. In IEEE 


Madison, WI. 

Tsin, Y., Kang, S. B., and Szeliski, R. (2006). Stereo matching with linear superposition of layers. IEEE 



Tsin, Y., Ramesh, V., and Kanade, T. (2001). Statistical calibration of CCD imaging process. In Eighth 


Tumblin, J., Agrawal, A., and Raskar, R. (2005). Why I want a gradient camera. In IEEE Computer Society 

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2005), pages 103–110, San Diego, 

CA. 

Turk, G. and Levoy, M. (1994). Zippered polygonal meshes from range images. Computer Graphics 

(SIGGRAPH’94), , 311–318. 

Turk, M. and Pentland, A. (1991a). Eigenfaces for recognition. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 3(1), 

71–86. 

Turk, M. and Pentland, A. (1991b). Face recognition using eigenfaces. In IEEE Computer Society 

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’91), pages 586–591, IEEE Computer 

Society Press, Maui, Hawaii. 

Tuytelaars, T. and Van Gool, L. (2004). Matching widely separated views based on affine invariant regions. 


Tuytelaars, T. and Mikolajczyk, K. (2007). Local invariant feature detectors. Foundations and Trends in 

Computer Graphics and Computer Vision, 3(1). 

Tuytelaars, T. et al.. (1997). The cascaded Hough transform. In International Conference on Image 

Processing (ICIP’97), pages 736–739. 

Ullman, S. (1979). The interpretation of structure from motion. Proceedings of the Royal Society of 

London, B-203, 405–426. 

Unnikrishnan, R., Pantofaru, C., and Hebert, M. (2007). Toward objective evaluation of image segmentation 

algorithms. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 29(6), 828–944. 

Unser, M. (1999). Splines: A perfect fit for signal and image processing. IEEE Signal Processing 

Magazine, 16(6), 22–38. 

Uyttendaele, M., Eden, A., and Szeliski, R. (2001). Eliminating ghosting and exposure artifacts in 

image mosaics. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Uyttendaele, M., Criminisi, A., Kang, S. B., Winder, S., Hartley, R., and Szeliski, R. (2004). Image-based 

interactive exploration of real-world environments. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 24(3), 

52–63. 

Vaillant, R. and Faugeras, O. D. (1992). Using extremal boundaries for 3-D object modeling. IEEE 



Vaish, V., Szeliski, R., Zitnick, C. L., Kang, S. B., and Levoy, M. (2006). Reconstructing occluded 

surfaces using synthetic apertures: Shape from focus vs. shape from stereo. In IEEE Computer Society 

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2006), pages 2331–2338, New York, NY. 

van de Weijer, J. and Schmid, C. (2006). Coloring local feature extraction. In Leonardis, A., Bischof, H., 

and Pinz, A., editors, Computer Vision – ECCV 2006, pages 334–348, Springer. 

van den Hengel, A., Dick, A., Thormhlen, T., Ward, B., and Torr, P. H. S. (2007). Videotrace: Rapid 

interactive scene modeling from video. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 26(3). 

Van Huffel, S. and Vandewalle, J. (1991). The Total Least Squares Problem: Computational Aspects and 

Analysis. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Philadephia. 

Varma, M. and Ray, D. (2007). Learning the discriminative power-invariance trade-off. In Tenth International 

Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2007), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. 

Vedula, S., Baker, S., and Kanade, T. (2005a). Image-based spatio-temporal modeling and view interpolation 

of dynamic events. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 24(2), 240–261. 

Vedula, S., Baker, S., Rander, P., Collins, R., and Kanade, T. (2005b). Three-dimensional scene flow. 


Veeraraghavan, A., Raskar, R., Agrawal, A., Mohan, A., and Tumblin, J. (2007). Dappled photography: 

Mask enhanced cameras for heterodyned light fields and coded aperture refocusing. ACM Transactions on 


Veksler, O. (1999). Efficient Graph-based Energy Minimization Methods in Computer Vision. Ph.D. 

thesis, Cornell University. 

Veksler, O. (2001). Stereo matching by compact windows via minimum ratio cycle. In Eighth International 

Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2001), pages 540–547, Vancouver, Canada. 

Veksler, O. (2003). Fast variable window for stereo correspondence using integral images. In IEEE 


Madison, WI. 

Veksler, O. (2007). Graph cut based optimization for mrfs with truncated convex priors. In IEEE Computer 


Verbeek, J. and Triggs, B. (2007). Region classification with markov field aspect models. In IEEE 


MN. 

Vergauwen, M. and Van Gool, L. (2006). Web-based 3d reconstruction service. Machine Vision and 

Applications, 17(2), 321–329.


Vetter, T. and Poggio, T. (1997). Linear object classes and image synthesis from a single example image. 


Vezhnevets, V. et al.. (2003). A survey on pixel-based skin color detection techniques. In GRAPHICON03, 

pages 85–92. 

Vicente, S., Kolmogorov, V., and Rother, C. (2008). Graph cut based image segmentation with connectivity 

priors. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 


Vincent, L. and Soille, P. (1991). Watersheds in digital spaces: An efficient algorithm based on immersion 

simulations. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 13(6), 583–596. 

Viola, P. and Wells III, W. (1997). Alignment by maximization of mutual information. International 


Viola, P., Jones, M. J., and Snow, D. (2003). Detecting pedestrians using patterns of motion and appearance. 


Viola, P. A. and Jones, M. J. (2004). Robust real-time face detection. International Journal of Computer 

Vision, 57(2), 137–154. 

Vogiatzis, G., Torr, P., and Cipolla, R. (2005). Multi-view stereo via volumetric graph-cuts. In IEEE 



Vogiatzis, G., Hernandez, C., Torr, P., and Cipolla, R. (2007). Multi-view stereo via volumetric graph-cuts 

and occlusion robust photo-consistency. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 

29(12), 2241–2246. 

Waithe, P. and Ferrie, F. (1991). From uncertainty to visual exploration. IEEE Transactions on Pattern 


Wallace, G. K. (1991). The JPEG still picture compression standard. Communications of the ACM, 34(4), 

30–44. 

Wallace, J. R., Cohen, M. F., and Greenberg, D. P. (1987). A two-pass solution to the rendering equation: 

A synthesis of ray tracing and radiosity methods. In Computer Graphics (Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 87), 

pages 311–320. 

Waltz, D. L. (1975). Understanding line drawings of scenes with shadows. In Winston, P. H., editor, The 

Psychology of Computer Vision, McGraw-Hill, New York. 

Wang, H. and Oliensis, J. (2008). Shape matching by segmentation averaging. In Tenth European Conference 

on Computer Vision (ECCV 2008), pages 562–575, Springer-Verlag, Marseilles.


Wang, J. and Cohen, M. F. (2005a). An iterative optimization approach for unified image segmentation 

and matting. In Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2005), Beijing, China. 

Wang, J. and Cohen, M. F. (2005b). An iterative optimization approach for unified image segmentation 

and matting. In Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2005), pages 936–943, Beijing, 

China. 

Wang, J. and Cohen, M. F. (2007a). Image and video matting: A survey. Foundations and Trends in 


Wang, J. and Cohen, M. F. (2007b). Optimized color sampling for robust matting. In IEEE Computer 


Wang, J. and Cohen, M. F. (2007c). Simultaneous matting and compositing. In IEEE Computer Society 

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2007), Minneapolis, MN. 

Wang, J., Agrawala, M., and Cohen, M. F. (2007). Soft scissors: An interactive tool for realtime high 

quality matting. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 26(3). 

Wang, J., Thiesson, B., Xu, Y., and Cohen, M. (2004). Image and video segmentation by anisotropic 

kernel mean shift. In Eighth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2004), pages 238–249, 

Springer-Verlag, Prague. 

Wang, J., Bhat, P., Colburn, R. A., Agrawala, M., and Cohen, M. F. (2005). Video cutout. ACM Transactions 

on Graphics, 24(3), 585–594. 

Wang, J. Y. A. and Adelson, E. H. (1994). Representing moving images with layers. IEEE Transactions 

on Image Processing, 3(5), 625–638. 

Wang, L., Kang, S. B., Szeliski, R., and Shum, H.-Y. (2001). Optimal texture map reconstruction from 

multiple views. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Wang, Y. and Zhu, S.-C. (2003). Modeling textured motion: Particle, wave and sketch. In Ninth International 


Wang, Z., Bovik, A. C., and Simoncelli, E. P. (2005). Structural approaches to image quality assessment. 

In Bovik, A. C., editor, Handbook of Image and Video Processing, pages 961–974, Elsevier Academic 

Press. 

Wang, Z., Bovik, A. C., Sheikh, H. R., and Simoncelli, E. P. (2004). Image quality assessment: From 

error visibility to structural similarity. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 13(4), 600–612. 

Wang, Z.-F. and Zheng, Z.-G. (2008). A region based stereo matching algorithm using cooperative optimization. 

In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 

2008), Anchorage, AK.


Ward, G. (1992). Measuring and modeling anisotropic reflection. Computer Graphics (Proceedings 

SIGGRAPH’92), 26(4), 265–272. 

Ward, G. (1994). The radiance lighting simulation and rendering system. Computer Graphics (SIG- 

GRAPH’94), , 459–472. 

Ward, G. (2003). Fast, robust image registration for compositing high dynamic range photographs from 

hand-held exposures. Journal of Graphics Tools, 8(2), 17–30. 

Ward, G. (2004). High dynamic range image encodings. http://www.anyhere.com/gward/ 

hdrenc/hdr_encodings.html. 

Watt, A. (1995). 3D Computer Graphics. Addison-Wesley, third edition. 

Weber, J. and Malik, J. (1995). Robust computation of optical flow in a multi-scale differential framework. 


Weber, M., Welling, M., and Perona, P. (2000). Unsupervised learning of models for recognition. In Sixth 

European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2000), pages 18–32, Springer-Verlag, Dublin, Ireland. 

Wedel, A., Rabe, C., Vaudrey, T., Brox, T., Franke, U., and Cremers, D. (2008). Efficient dense scene 

flow from sparse or dense stereo data. In Tenth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2008), 

pages 739–751, Springer-Verlag, Marseilles. 

Wei, C. Y. and Quan, L. (2004). Region-based progressive stereo matching. In IEEE Computer Society 

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’2005), pages 106–113, Washington, D. 

C. 

Wei, L.-Y. and Levoy, M. (2000). Fast texture synthesis using tree-structured vector quantization. Proceedings 

of SIGGRAPH 2000, , 479–488. ISBN 1-58113-208-5. 

Weickert, J. (1998). Anisotropic Diffusion in Image Processing. Tuebner, Stuttgart. 

Weickert, J. et al.. (1998). Efficient and reliable schemes for nonlinear diffusion filtering. IEEE Transactions 

on Image Processing, 7(3), 398–410. 

Weiss, Y. (1997). Smoothness in layers: Motion segmentation using nonparametric mixture estimation. In 


526, San Juan, Puerto Rico. 

Weiss, Y. (1999). Segmentation using eigenvectors: A unifying view. In Seventh International Conference 

on Computer Vision (ICCV’99), pages 975–982, Kerkyra, Greece. 

Weiss, Y. (2001). Deriving intrinsic images from image sequences. In Eighth International Conference 

on Computer Vision (ICCV 2001), pages 7–14, Vancouver, Canada.


Weiss, Y. and Adelson, E. H. (1996). A unified mixture framework for motion segmentation: Incorporating 

spatial coherence and estimating the number of models. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on 

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’96), pages 321–326, San Francisco. 

Weiss, Y. and Freeman, B. (2007). What makes a good model of natural images? In IEEE Computer 


Welch, G. and Bishop, G. (1995). An Introduction to the Kalman Filter. Technical Report TR 95-041, 

Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 

Wells, III, W. M. (1986). Efficient synthesis of gaussian filters by cascaded uniform filters. IEEE Transactions 


Weng, J., Ahuja, N., and Huang, T. S. (1993). Optimal motion and structure estimation. IEEE Transactions 


Werner, T. and Zisserman, A. (2002). New techniques for automated architectural reconstruction from 

photographs. In Ninth European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2006), pages 541–555, Springer- 

Verlag, Copenhagen. 

Westin, S. H. et al.. (1992). Predicting reflectance functions from complex surfaces. Computer Graphics 

(Proceedings SIGGRAPH’92), 26(4), 255–264. 

Westover, L. (1989). Interactive volume rendering. In Workshop on Volume Visualization, pages 9–16, 

Chapel Hill. 

Wexler, Y., Fitzgibbon, A., and Zisserman, A. (2002). Bayesian estimation of layers from multiple images. 

In Seventh European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2002), pages 487–501, Springer-Verlag, 

Copenhagen. 

Williams, D. and Burns, P. D. (2001). Diagnostics for digital capture using MTF. In IS&T PICS Conference, 

pages 227–232, Society for Imaging Science and Technology. 

Williams, L. (1978). Pyramidal parametrics. Computer Graphics, 12(3), 270–274. 

Williams, L. (1983). Pyramidal parametrics. Computer Graphics, 17(3), 1–11. 

Williams, L. (1990). Performace driven facial animation. Computer Graphics, 24(4), 235–242. 

Williams, O., Blake, A., and Cipolla, R. (2003). A sparse probabilistic learning algorithm for real-time 

tracking. In Ninth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), pages 353–360, Nice, 

France. 

Williams, T. L. (1999). The Optical Transfer Function of Imaging Systems. Institute of Physics Publishing, 

London.


Winder, S. and Brown, M. (2007). Learning local image descriptors. In IEEE Computer Society Conference 

on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2007), Minneapolis, MN. 

Winkenbach, G. and Salesin, D. H. (1994). Computer-generated pen-and-ink illustration. In Proceedings 

of SIGGRAPH 94, pages 91–100, ACM SIGGRAPH / ACM Press, Orlando, Florida. ISBN 0-89791-667- 

0. 

Winn, J. and Shotton, J. (2006). The layout consistent random field for recognizing and segmenting 

partially occluded objects. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 

(CVPR’2006), pages 37–44, New York City, NY. 

Winnemller, H., Olsen, S. C., and Gooch, B. (2006). Real-time video abstraction. ACM Transactions on 

Graphics, 25(3), 1221–1226. 

Winston, P. H., editor. (1975). The Psychology of Computer Vision, McGraw-Hill, New York. 

Wiskott, L., Fellous, J.-M., Krüger, N., and von der Malsburg, C. (1997). Face recognition by elastic 

bunch graph matching. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 19(7), 775–779. 

Witkin, A., Terzopoulos, D., and Kass, M. (1986). Signal matching through scale space. In Fifth National 

Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-86), pages 714–719, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Philadelphia. 

Witkin, A., Terzopoulos, D., and Kass, M. (1987). Signal matching through scale space. International 

Journal of Computer Vision, 1, 133–144. 

Witkin, A. P. (1981). Recovering surface shape and orientation from texture. Artificial Intelligence, 17, 

17–45. 

Witkin, A. P. (1983). Scale-space filtering. In Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence 

(IJCAI-83), pages 1019–1022, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers. 

Wolberg, G. (1990). Digital Image Warping. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos. 

Wolberg, G. and Pavlidis, T. (1985). Restoration of binary images using stochastic relaxation with annealing. 

Pattern Recognition Letters, 3, 375–388. 

Wolff, L. B., Shafer, S. A., and Healey, G. E., editors. (1992a). Radiometry. Physics-Based Vision: 

Principles and Practice, Jones & Bartlett, Cambridge, MA. 

Wolff, L. B., Shafer, S. A., and Healey, G. E., editors. (1992b). Shape Recovery. Physics-Based Vision: 

Principles and Practice, Jones & Bartlett, Cambridge, MA. 

Wood, D. N. et al.. (1997). Multiperspective panoramas for cel animation. In Computer Graphics Proceedings, 

Annual Conference Series, pages 243–250, ACM SIGGRAPH, Proc. SIGGRAPH’97 (Los Angeles).


Wood, D. N., Azuma, D. I., Aldinger, K., Curless, B., Duchamp, T., Salesin, D. H., and Stuetzle, W. 

(2000). Surface light fields for 3d photography. Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 2000, , 287–296. 

Woodham, R. J. (1981). Analysing images of curved surfaces. Artificial Intelligence, 17, 117–140. 

Wright, S. (2006). Digital Compositing for Film and Video. Focal Press, 2nd edition. 

Wyszecki, G. and Stiles, W. S. (2000). Color Science: Concepts and Methods, Quantitative Data and 

Formulae. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2nd edition. 

Xiao, J. and Shah, M. (2003). Two-frame wide baseline matching. In Ninth International Conference on 

Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), pages 603–609, Nice, France. 

Xiao, J. and Shah, M. (2005). Motion layer extraction in the presence of occlusion using graph cuts. IEEE 


Xiong, Y. and Turkowski, K. (1997). Creating image-based VR using a self-calibrating fisheye lens. In 


243, San Juan, Puerto Rico. 

Xiong, Y. and Turkowski, K. (1998). Registration, calibration and blending in creating high quality 

panoramas. In IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV’98), pages 69–74, IEEE Computer 

Society, Princeton. 

Yang, D. et al.. (1999). A 640x512 CMOS image sensor with ultra-wide dynamic range floating-point 

pixel level ADC. IEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits, 34(12), 1821–1834. 

Yang, L., Meer, P., and Foran, D. (2007). Multiple class segmentation using a unified framework over 

mean-shift patches. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 


Yang, L., Jin, R., Sukthankar, R., and Jurie, F. (2008). Unifying discriminative visual codebook generation 

with classifier training for object category recognition. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on 

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2008), Anchorage, AK. 

Yang, M.-H., Kriegman, D. J., and Ahuja, N. (2002). Detecting faces in images: A survey. IEEE 


Yang, Q., Wang, L., Yang, R., Stewénius, H., and Nistér, D. (2009). Stereo matching with color-weighted 

correlation, hierarchical belief propagation and occlusion handling. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis 

and Machine Intelligence, 31(3), 492–504. 

Yang, Y., Yuille, A., and Lu, J. (1993). Local, global, and multilevel stereo matching. In IEEE Computer 

Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’93), pages 274–279, IEEE 

Computer Society, New York.


Yaou, M.-H. and Chang, W.-T. (1994). Fast surface interpolation using multiresolution wavelets. IEEE 


Yatziv, L. and Sapiro, G. (2006). Fast image and video colorization using chrominance blending. IEEE 

Transactions on Image Processing, 15(5), 1120–1129. 

Yedidia, J. S., Freeman, W. T., and Weiss, Y. (2000). Generalized belief propagation. In Advances in 

Neural Information Processing Systems 13, pages 689–695, MIT Press. 

Yezzi, Jr., A. J., Kichenassamy, S., Kumar, A., Olver, P., and Tannenbaum, A. (1997). A geometric snake 

model for segmentation of medical imagery. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 16(2), 199–209. 

Yin, P., Criminisi, A., Winn, J., and Essa, I. (2007). Tree-based classifiers for bilayer video segmentation. 


Minneapolis, MN. 

Yoon, K.-J. and Kweon, I.-S. (2006). Adaptive support-weight approach for correspondence search. IEEE 


Yu, S. X. and Shi, J. (2003). Multiclass spectral clustering. In Ninth International Conference on Computer 

Vision (ICCV 2003), pages 313–319, Nice, France. 

Yu, Y. and Malik, J. (1998). Recovering photometric properties of architectural scenes from photographs. 

Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH’96), , 207–218. 

Yu, Y., Debevec, P., Malik, J., and Hawkins, T. (1999). Inverse global illumination: Recovering reflectance 

models of real scenes from photographs. Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 99, , 215–224. ISBN 0-20148-560-5. 


Yuan, L., Sun, J., Quan, L., and Shum, H.-Y. (2007). Image deblurring with blurred/noisy image pairs. 


Yuan, L., Sun, J., Quan, L., and Shum, H.-Y. (2008). Progressive inter-scale and intra-scale non-blind 

image deconvolution. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 27(3). 

Yuille, A., Vincent, L., and Geiger, D. (1992). Statistical morphology and bayesian reconstruction. Journal 

of Mathematical Imaging and Vision, 1(3), 223–238. 

Yuille, A. L. (1991). Deformable templates for face recognition. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 3(1), 

59–70. 

Yuille, A. L. and Poggio, T. (1984). A Generalized Ordering Constraint for Stereo Correspondence. A. I. 

Memo 777, Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.


Zabih, R. and Woodfill, J. (1994). Non-parametric local transforms for computing visual correspondence. 

In Third European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV’94), pages 151–158, Springer-Verlag, Stockholm, 

Sweden. 

Zach, C. (2008). Fast and high quality fusion of depth maps. In Fourth International Symposium on 3D 

Data Processing, Visualization and Transmission (3DPVT’08), Atlanta. 

Zach, C., Pock, T., and Bischof, H. (2007). A globally optima algorithm for robust TV-L1 range image 

integration. In Tenth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2007), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. 

Zebedin, L., Bauer, J., Karner, K., and Bischof, H. (2008). Fusion of feature- and area-based information 

for urban buildings modeling from aerial imagery. In Tenth European Conference on Computer Vision 

(ECCV 2008), pages 873–886, Springer-Verlag, Marseilles. 

Zelnik-Manor, L. and Perona, P. (2007). Automating joiners. In Symposium on Non Photorealistic 

Animation and Rendering, ACM SIGGRAPH, Annecy. 

Zhang, G., Jia, J., Wong, T.-T., and Bao, H. (2008). Recovering consistent video depth maps via bundle 

optimization. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 


Zhang, J., McMillan, L., and Yu, J. (2006). Robust tracking and stereo matching under variable illumination. 



Zhang, J., Marszalek, M., Lazebnik, S., and Schmid, C. (2007). Local features and kernels for classification 

of texture and object categories: a comprehensive study. International Journal of Computer Vision, 

73(2), 213–238. 

Zhang, L. et al.. (2002). Single view modeling of free-form scenes. Journal of Visualization and Computer 

Animation, 13(4), 225–235. 

Zhang, L., Curless, B., and Seitz, S. (2003). Spacetime stereo: Shape recovery for dynamic scenes. 


pages 367–374, Madison, WI. 

Zhang, L., Snavely, N., Curless, B., and Seitz, S. M. (2004). Spacetime faces: high resolution capture for 

modeling and animation. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 23(3), 548–558. 

Zhang, R., Tsai, P.-S., Cryer, J., and Shah, M. (1999). Shape-from-shading: a survey. IEEE Transactions 


Zhang, Y. and Kambhamettu, C. (2003). On 3D scene flow and structure recovery from multiview image 

sequences. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 33(4), 592–606.


Zhang, Z. (1994). Iterative point matching for registration of free-form curves and surfaces. International 

Journal of Computer Vision, 13(2). 

Zhang, Z. (1998a). Determining the epipolar geometry and its uncertainty: A review. International 


Zhang, Z. (1998b). On the optimization criteria used in two-view motion analysis. IEEE Transactions on 


Zhang, Z. (1999). Flexible camera calibration by viewing a plane from unknown orientations. In Seventh 


Zhang, Z. and He, L.-W. (2007). Whiteboard scanning and image enhancement. Digital Signal Processing, 

17(2), 414–432. 

Zhang, Z. et al.. (1995). A robust technique for matching two uncalibrated images through the recovery 

of the unknown epipolar geometry. Artificial Intelligence, 78, 87–119. 

Zhang, Z. and Shan, Y. (2000). A progressive scheme for stereo matching. In Pollefeys, M. et al., editors, 

Second European Workshop on 3D Structure from Multiple Images of Large-Scale Environments (SMILE 

2000), pages 68–85, Dublin, Ireland. 

Zhao, W., Chellappa, R., Phillips, P. J., and Rosenfeld, A. (2003). Face recognition: A literature survey. 

ACM Computing Surveys, 35(4), 399–358. 

Zheng, J. Y. (1994). Acquiring 3-D models from sequences of contours. IEEE Transactions on Pattern 


Zheng, K. C., Kang, S. B., Cohen, M., and Szeliski, R. (2007). Layered depth panoramas. In IEEE 


MN. 

Zheng, Y., Lin, S., and Kang, S. B. (2006). Single-image vignetting correction. In IEEE Computer Society 


NY. 

Zheng, Y., Yu, J., Kang, S.-B., Lin, S., and Kambhamettu, C. (2008). Single-image vignetting correction 

using radial gradient symmetry. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern 


Zheng, Y., Zhou, X. S., Georgescu, B., Zhou, S. K., and Comaniciu, D. (2006). Example based non-rigid 

shape detection. In Leonardis, A., Bischof, H., and Pinz, A., editors, Computer Vision – ECCV 2006, 

pages 423–436, Springer.


Zhong, J. and Sclaroff, S. (2003). Segmenting foreground objects from a dynamic, textured background 

via a robust kalman filter. In Ninth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2003), pages 44– 


Zhu, L., Chen, Y., Lin, Y., Lin, C., and Yuille, A. (2008). Recursive segmentation and recognition 

templates for 2d parsing. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, MIT Press. 

Zhu, S.-C. and Mumford, D. (2006). A stochastic grammar of images. Foundations and Trends in 


Zhu, S. C. and Yuille, A. L. (1996). Region competition: Unifying snakes, region growing, and bayes/mdl 

for multiband image segmentation. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 

18(9), 884–900. 

Zitnick, C. L. and Kanade, T. (2000). A cooperative algorithm for stereo matching and occlusion detection. 


Zitnick, C. L. and Kang, S. B. (2007). Stereo for image-based rendering using image over-segmentation. 


Zitnick, C. L., Jojic, N., and Kang, S. B. (2005). Consistent segmentation for optical flow estimation. In 


Zitnick, C. L., Kang, S. B., Uyttendaele, M., Winder, S., and Szeliski, R. (2004). High-quality video view 

interpolation using a layered representation. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 23(3), 600–608. 

Zitov’aa, B. and Flusser, J. (2003). Image registration methods: A survey. Image and Vision Computing, 

21, 997–1000. 

Zoghlami, I., Faugeras, O., and Deriche, R. (1997). Using geometric corners to build a 2D mosaic from 

a set of images. In IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 

(CVPR’97), pages 420–425, San Juan, Puerto Rico. 

Zongker, D. E., Werner, D. M., Curless, B., and Salesin, D. H. (1999). Environment matting and compositing. 

Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 99, , 205–214. ISBN 0-20148-560-5. Held in Los Angeles, California. 

Zorin, D., Schröder, P., and Sweldens, W. (1996). Interpolating subdivision for meshes with arbitrary 

topology. In Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, pages 189–192, ACM SIG- 

GRAPH, Proc. SIGGRAPH’96 (New Orleans). 

[ Note: List full authors, i.e., check for et al.. Keep initials instead of full first names. ] 

[ Note: Bibliography appears to be sorted by full author names, so that initials matter. Is there 

a way to sort it by the way the citation appears in the text? Look in bookstyl.bst ]

Bibliography

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?