A Time For Change Magazine - Working Toward Wellness

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Your health changes over time. Regularly monitoring your health with screening tests can find small changes which might otherwise go unnoticed. Some serious chronic diseases such as high blood pressure and diabetes don’t have any signs or symptoms until the disease has progressed to a more harmful stage. Screening can help catch health problems before they become more serious. 12 WHY is screening important? Almost 42% of Canadians who have high blood pressure are unaware that they have it (Statistics Canada, 2010b). ? HOW? HOW While your HCP will receive your screening results and keep them in your medical record, you should know your results and what they mean. Use this tracking card for your own records. can I keep track of my results? Comments/Follow Up Cervical Cancer Colorectal Cancer Breast Cancer Blood Glucose Cholesterol Blood Pressure Waist Circumference Body Mass Index Date yy/mm/dd (BMI) Follow-up with my HCP for blood pressure results Follow the instructions in my FOBT kit FOBT kit received on May 1, 2012 No cell changes present in the last Pap test (Jan. 14, 2012) Mammogram scheduled for Sept. 01, 2012 Fasting 5 mmol/L Total Cholesterol 4.5 mmol/L 22 33 inches 130/90 mmHg <strong>For</strong> example: 2012/05/10
WHAT screenings do adults need? The following table provides an overview of the most common screenings and their guidelines. SCREENING PURPOSE OF SCREENING RISK INDICATORS SCREENING FREQUENCY Body Mass Index (BMI) Waist Circumference Blood Pressure Cholesterol Blood Glucose Mammogram (Breast Cancer Screening) Pap Test (Cervical Cancer Screening) Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) / Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT)(Colorectal Cancer Screening) ? A weight-to-height index to assess your risk of chronic disease. Fat around your waist is more harmful to your health than fat stored in other locations such as your hips and thighs. It increases your risk of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and high blood pressure. Measures the force of blood pushing through the walls of the arteries. When it’s too high, the heart has to work harder to move blood throughout your body. Measures the amount of total, “good” (HDL), and “bad” (LDL) cholesterol in your blood. If LDL cholesterol gets too high, it can lead to blockages in your blood vessels, increasing your risk of a stroke or heart attack. Measures the amount of glucose in your blood. High levels can indicate that diabetes is present and increases your risk of heart disease. An x-ray is used to identify abnormal tissues in the breast. *Your HCP may do a physical examination during your annual checkup to check for lumps. Used to identify infections (e.g., HPV) and abnormal cells (pre-cancer and cancerous cells) of the cervix. An at-home stool collection kit is used to detect the presence of blood in the stool which may be an early sign of colorectal cancer. UNDERWEIGHT: Less than 18.5 HEALTHY WEIGHT: 18.5 – 24.9 OVERWEIGHT: 25 – 29.9 OBESE: 30+ WOMEN: Greater than 88 cm (35 in) MEN: Greater than 102 cm (40 in) NORMAL: 120/80 mmHg PRE-HYPERTENSION: 120 – 139/80 – 89 mmHg HYPERTENSION: Greater than 140/Greater than 90 mmHg **Values are different for individuals with diabetes TOTAL CHOLESTEROL: Less than 5.2 mmol/L LDL: Less than 3.5 mmol/L HDL: Greater than 1.0 mmol/L for men, greater than 1.3 mmol/L for women TOTAL CHOLESTEROL TO HDL RATIO: Less than 5.0 mmol/L WITHOUT DIABETES: After fasting for 8 hours or more: 4 – 6 mmol/L Two hours after eating: 5 – 8 mmol/L WITH DIABETES: After fasting for 8 hours or more: 4 – 7 mmol/L Two hours after eating: 5 – 10 mmol/L A scoring system known as BI-RADS is used. The categories range from 0 (incomplete, additional images needed) to 6 (abnormalities similar to cancer, biopsy recommended). Your HCP will go through your results with you. NORMAL: No cell changes present. ABNORMAL: Cells show changes. Abnormal results are placed on a scale from “low-grade” to “high-grade”. NEGATIVE: Blood has not been found in the stool. POSITIVE: Blood has been found in the stool and you’ll need to have further testing. Starting at age 20, at each regular checkup. (Heart and Stroke, 2008) Starting at age 20, at each regular checkup. (Heart and Stroke, 2008) Starting at age 20, at each regular checkup or at least every other year provided your results are normal. (Heart and Stroke, 2011) Starting at age 20, every five years for normalrisk individuals. Your HCP may increase screening based on your risk factors or results. (Heart and Stroke, 2010) Starting at age 40, every three years. Your HCP may increase screening based on your risk factors or results. (Canadian Diabetes Association, 2012) Provincial guidelines vary. To access the breast screening guidelines in your province, visit www.cancerview.ca (click on “prevention and screening”, then “screening programs across Canada”). Provincial guidelines vary. To access the cervical screening guidelines in your province, visit www.cancerview.ca (click on “prevention and screening”, then “screening programs across Canada”). Provincial guidelines vary. To access the colorectal screening guidelines in your province, visit www.cancerview.ca (click on “prevention and screening”, then “screening programs across Canada”). 13
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Page 15 and 16: James Mc Cann WORKING TOWARD WELLNE
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A Time For Change Magazine - Working Toward Wellness

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