ModSecurity Handbook: Getting Started - Bad Request

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viii Geolocation 159 Real-Time Block Lists 160 Local Reputation Management 161 Integration with Other Apache Modules 161 Conditional Logging 163 Header Manipulation 163 Securing Session Cookies 164 Advanced Blocking 165 Immediate Blocking 165 Keeping Detection and Blocking Separate 166 User-Friendly Blocking 167 External Blocking 168 Honeypot Diversion 169 Delayed Blocking 169 Score-Based Blocking 170 Making the Most of Regular Expressions 171 How <strong>ModSecurity</strong> Compiles Patterns 172 Changing How Patterns Are Compiled 173 Common Pattern Problems 174 Regular Expression Denial of Service 174 Resources 175 Working with Rule Sets 175 Deploying Rule Sets 176 Writing Rules for Distribution 177 Resources for Rule Writers 179 Summary 180 10. Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 Understanding Performance 181 Top 10 Performance Rules 182 Performance Tracking 184 Performance Metrics 184 Performance Logging 185 Real-Time Performance Monitoring 185 Load Testing 185 Rule Benchmarking 189 Preparation 189 Test Data Selection 190 Performance Baseline 192 Optimizing Pattern Matching 194
Rule per Keyword Approach 194 Combined Regular Expression Pattern 195 Optimized Regular Expression Pattern 195 Parallel Pattern Matching 197 Test Results 197 Summary 198 11. Content Injection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 Writing Content Injection Rules 199 Communicating Back to the Server 201 Interrupting Page Rendering 202 Using External JavaScript Code 202 Communicating with Users 203 Summary 204 12. Writing Rules in Lua . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 Rule Language Integration 206 Lua Rules Skeleton 206 Accessing Variables 206 Setting Variables 208 Logging 208 Lua Actions 208 Summary 209 13. Handling XML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 XML Parsing 211 DTD Validation 215 XML Schema Validation 216 XML Namespaces 217 XPath Expressions 220 XPath and Namespaces 222 XML Inspection Framework 222 Summary 224 14. Extending Rule Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 Extension Template 226 Adding a Transformation Function 228 Adding an Operator 231 Adding a Variable 235 Adding a <strong>Request</strong> Body Processor 238 Summary 240 II. Reference Manual 243 15. Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 ix
Page 1 and 2: MODSECURITY HANDBOOK The Complete G
Page 3 and 4: ModSecurity Handbook Ivan Ristić
Page 5 and 6: Table of Contents Preface to the Fr
Page 7 and 8: Advanced Logging Configuration 66 I
Page 9: Initializing Records 122 Controllin
Page 13 and 14: SecRequestBodyInMemoryLimit 263 Sec
Page 15 and 16: REQUEST_BODY 287 REQUEST_BODY_LENGT
Page 17 and 18: eplaceComments 304 replaceNulls 304
Page 19 and 20: streq 330 validateByteRange 330 val
Page 21 and 22: Preface I didn’t mean to write th
Page 23 and 24: chapter goes under the hood of ModS
Page 25 and 26: open source, you can extend it dire
Page 27 and 28: I User Guide This part, with its 14
Page 29 and 30: eleased in November 2002, but a few
Page 31 and 32: similar restrictions, either direct
Page 33 and 34: Embedded Because ModSecurity is an
Page 35 and 36: Request header transformation Apach
Page 37 and 38: invoke the rules specified to work
Page 39 and 40: what was read. The fourth message t
Page 41 and 42: In the example traces, you’ve obs
Page 43 and 44: Rule writing Rule writing is an ess
Page 45 and 46: minor) version. Before reporting an
Page 47 and 48: 2 Installation Before you can insta
Page 49 and 50: gpg: Signature made Wed 12 Aug 2009
Page 51 and 52: Once you have determined the locati
Page 53 and 54: Compile-Time Options The configurat
Page 55 and 56: # yum install mod_security On CentO
Page 57 and 58: 3 Configuration Now that you have M
Page 59 and 60: Audit logs /opt/modsecurity/var/aud
Page 61 and 62:
file, I refer to any other ModSecur
Page 63 and 64:
SecRequestBodyAccess On Once this f
Page 65 and 66:
Note To instruct ModSecurity to ins
Page 67 and 68:
For now, we also assume that you wi
Page 69 and 70:
The SecArgumentSeparator directive
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DA %{MULTIPART_DATA_AFTER}, \ HF %{
Page 73 and 74:
4 Logging This section covers the l
Page 75 and 76:
One way to make debugging easier is
Page 77 and 78:
the use of multiple segments is to
Page 79 and 80:
Concurrent Audit Log Initially, Mod
Page 81 and 82:
How Remote Logging Works Remote log
Page 83 and 84:
Activating Remote Logging You will
Page 85 and 86:
That’s basically all you need to
Page 87 and 88:
Note Storage of intercepted files c
Page 89 and 90:
print "$output\n"; Note If you need
Page 91 and 92:
Dynamically Altering Logging Config
Page 93 and 94:
Now you need to add a phase rule th
Page 95 and 96:
Index A Action part H header, 343 a
Page 97 and 98:
adding new variable, 235 extension
Page 99 and 100:
performance comparing rule sets, 18
Page 101 and 102:
SecChrootDir directive, 252 SecColl
Page 103:
WebApp-Info part H header, 346 web
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ModSecurity Handbook: Getting Started - Bad Request

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