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• In India, several laws curtail the civil and political rights of people with mental health conditions. Under Hindu 52, 53 and Parsi 54 laws, and the Divorce Act of 1872 55 , being of “unsound mind” or having a long-term mental health condition can be grounds for annulment or divorce. The Special Marriage Act of 1954 prohibits marriage for people with mental health conditions “of such a kind or to such an extent as to be unfit for marriage and the procreation of children.” 56 People who are declared by a competent court to be of unsound mind may be 57, 58 disqualified from registering in an electoral roll. • A MDAC report states that in Kyrgyzstan, the civil code restricts adults who have been deprived of their legal capacity from the right to manage property. 59 • Under the Family Code of the Russian Federation people with mental health conditions under guardianship cannot marry60 nor file for divorce as these decisions are made for them by their guardian. 61 Their parental rights are also terminated. 62 • In Thailand, anyone “being of unsound mind or mental infirmity” cannot vote63 and the civil and commercial code does not permit the marriage of an “insane person”. 64 • The Egalité Handicap Centre highlights that in Switzerland, several recent cases have been reported in which people with intellectual impairments have been denied Swiss nationality. In one case, a young woman with an intellectual impairment was refused citizenship on the basis that she was incapable of supporting herself financially, and would require support from social services. In its examination of this case, the Federal Tribunal of Switzerland found that the decision was discriminatory. 65, 66 Other similar cases are still pending. 2.5 People with mental health conditions are not allowed to participate fully in society … persons with disabilities should have the opportunity to be actively involved in decision-making processes about policies and programmes, including those directly concerning them … Preamble, United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Participation means not only the right to vote and to stand for election, but also to effectively and fully participate in the conduct of public life. Every individual, no matter how poor or marginalized, has the right to participate in public affairs. Participation enables the creation of an active civil society that can give a voice to everyone, including vulnerable groups, and drive national reform. In the majority of countries, people with mental health conditions fail to participate actively in policy decision-making processes. This stands in contrast to issues such as HIV/AIDS, for example, where in many countries those most directly 14 MentalHealthandDevelopment:Targetingpeoplewithmentalhealthconditionsasavulnerablegroup
affected have had an important voice in policy development and allocation of resources. This failure can be explained partly by the absence of mental health service user organizations in many parts of the world, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Another significant barrier to participation is the false assumption that people with mental health conditions lack the capacity to make meaningful contributions to society. 2.Peoplewithmentalhealthconditionscompriseavulnerablegroup People with mental health conditions are excluded from participating in public affairs and civil society. Some country examples: • A WHO survey revealed that fewer than 20% of countries (8 of 42 surveyed) had mental health service user organizations that provided community and individual assistance. 67 • The UN Principles for the Protection of Persons with Mental Illness and for the Improvement of Mental Health Care (1991) were developed without significant involvement by people with mental health conditions. As a result, the credibility of the Principles was diminished in the eyes of many, and resulted in a call to have them revoked. In contrast, the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities was drafted with the active participation of disability organizations, including mental health service user representatives. The Convention has been embraced widely by the disability movement as the universal standard for the human rights of all people with disabilities, and has taken precedence over previous instruments, including the UN Principles. 68 2.6 People with mental health conditions lack access to health and social services States Parties shall provide those health services needed by persons with disabilities specifically because of their disabilities, including early identification and intervention as appropriate, and services designed to minimize and prevent further disabilities … —Article 25, United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Despite the widespread prevalence of mental health conditions, a large proportion of affected people do not receive treatment and care. In low- and middle-income 15 WHO/Pierre Virot
Page 1: MENTAL HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT: Targ
Page 4 and 5: WHOLibraryCataloguing-in-Publ
Page 6 and 7: Executive summary . . . . . . .
Page 8 and 9: This report on mental health and de
Page 10 and 11: Association for Mental Health and A
Page 12 and 13: Supporting statements H.R.H. Prince
Page 14 and 15: promotes a holistic approach to men
Page 16 and 17: affect them, including development
Page 18 and 19: event drives vulnerable individuals
Page 21 and 22: Supportingstatements response to
Page 23 and 24: Supportingstatements Gerard Quin
Page 25 and 26: Supportingstatements The Ministr
Page 27 and 28: Supportingstatements The report
Page 29 and 30: Executivesummary Two development
Page 31 and 32: Executivesummary opportunities a
Page 33 and 34: 1. Pan American Health Executive
Page 35 and 36: 1.Introduction People with menta
Page 37 and 38: 1.Introduction community, to ens
Page 39 and 40: 2. People with mental health condit
Page 41 and 42: assumed to be lazy, weak, unintelli
Page 43 and 44: Box 1 Prisons - unsuitable holding
Page 45: In many countries, people cannot co
Page 49 and 50: Some country examples: • In Argen
Page 51 and 52: health complications. Similar scena
Page 53 and 54: Of the several thousand letters I r
Page 55 and 56: People with mental health condition
Page 57 and 58: health conditions, including diabet
Page 59 and 60: 3. Other vulnerable groups have hig
Page 61 and 62: Box 3 How does vulnerability lead t
Page 63 and 64: Some country examples: • In Austr
Page 65 and 66: 4. Improving development outcomes:
Page 67 and 68: 4.2 Specific actions Specific progr
Page 69 and 70: Box 5 Ten principles for the succes
Page 71 and 72: 4.2.2 Integrate mental health issue
Page 73 and 74: Box 8 Mental health interventions f
Page 75 and 76: Box 10 AYouthLinkclient,21
Page 77 and 78: Figure 2 Cognitive: Increase presch
Page 79 and 80: Box 12 Employment opportunities for
Page 81 and 82: 4.2.7 Strengthen human rights prote
Page 83 and 84: Box 16 Governments can also be enco
Page 85 and 86: The right to associate is important
Page 87 and 88: 5. All development stakeholders hav
Page 89 and 90: ights. Organizations representing f
Page 91 and 92: to pursue an education and ensure t
Page 93 and 94: Across a range of roles and activit
Page 95 and 96: Conclusion Conclusion Many people w
Page 97 and 98:
References References 1 Reducing po
Page 99 and 100:
References 46 South Central Somalia
Page 101 and 102:
References 93 Alonso J et al. Popul
Page 103 and 104:
References 144 Meade CS. Sexual ris
Page 105 and 106:
References 192 What works! Employme
Page 108:
PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HEALTH CONDITION
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