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Vietnam Institute for<br />

Advanced Study in <strong>Mathematics</strong><br />

1. Historical Background<br />

International Inauguration of VIASM, January 17, 2012<br />

The mathematics profession in Vietnam is relatively<br />

young. In some sense, one can say that it was<br />

only started in the 50s of last century. But it has<br />

gained certain achievements with many publications in<br />

international journals and made important contributions<br />

to the economic and social development of Vietnam. All<br />

these create a good perception by mathematicians around<br />

the world of mathematics in Vietnam.<br />

In addition to developing professional mathematics<br />

(e.g. pure and applied mathematics), since 1974, Vietnam<br />

has participated in the International Mathematical<br />

Olympiad (IMO). It is very encouraging that Vietnam<br />

IMO contestants achieved consistently good results. At<br />

the culminating event, for the first time Vietnam successfully<br />

hosted IMO-48 in 2007, with the participation of 93<br />

countries and territories. In that year, the Vietnam IMO<br />

team received, same as 1999, the highest ranking (the<br />

third place, after Russia and China) in its history of IMO<br />

participation.<br />

The good and relatively consistent results of the<br />

Vietnam IMO teams (often in the top ten), together<br />

with domestic and foreign perception about Vietnam<br />

mathematics, lead to a misleading view that mathematics<br />

in Vietnam is quite strong. In August 2007, after the<br />

IMO-48, Vietnamese mathematicians working in and<br />

outside Vietnam (who participated in problems selection<br />

and coordination of the Olympiad) sat together to discuss<br />

the cooperation among the Vietnamese mathematical<br />

community. All participants shared the same view that<br />

Lê Tuấn Hoa and Trần Văn Nhung<br />

Asia Pacific <strong>Mathematics</strong> <strong>Newsletter</strong><br />

mathematics in Vietnam remains weak despite the positive<br />

results at IMO. Acknowledging this fact, the Deputy Prime<br />

Minister, Professor Nguyễn Thiện Nhân — who chaired<br />

the meeting — requested a careful research on the status<br />

of mathematics in Vietnam to be conducted and make<br />

recommendations to bring mathematics to the next stage<br />

of development.<br />

Shortly thereafter, the government decided to develop<br />

a “National Programme for the Development of <strong>Mathematics</strong><br />

until 2020” (NPDM) under the direct guidance of<br />

the Deputy Prime Minister Professor Nguyễn Thiện Nhân<br />

— who was at that time also the Minister of Education<br />

and Training. The chief of the Drafting Committee was<br />

a mathematician — Professor Trần Văn Nhung, a Vice-<br />

Minister of Education and Training. Many Vietnamese<br />

mathematics professors joined the Drafting Committee.<br />

The critical point of the programme as determined<br />

by the Drafting Committee from the outset was to set up<br />

an advanced research institute. This idea is not entirely<br />

new. Back in the 80s of the last century, Professors Lê<br />

Văn Thiêm and Hoàng Tụy dreamed of turning Hanoi<br />

into one of the mathematical centres in Southeast Asia.<br />

By early 90s, Professor Hoàng Tụy brought the idea to<br />

establish a research institute in industrial and management<br />

mathematics with a more flexible working mechanism<br />

than that of the Institute of <strong>Mathematics</strong> Hanoi. A project<br />

team was set up to conduct the study, but no concrete<br />

outcome was achieved.<br />

Entering the 21st century, Professor P Griffiths,<br />

Director of the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) at<br />

Princeton, made several trips to Vietnam to encourage the<br />

setting up of a millennium institute. In one of his trips, he<br />

came with Professor C Kim, former Director of the Korean<br />

Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS). However, the two<br />

mathematicians did not achieve their desired outcome.<br />

Was Vietnam not ready for that?<br />

After three years of working, considering experiences,<br />

lessons from various countries as well as seeking<br />

comments from selected mathematicians and managers,<br />

the final draft of NPDM was completed and submitted<br />

by early 2010. However, there remain many challenges<br />

until the approval by the government was granted. On<br />

one hand, the public did not see the necessity of a special<br />

regime which is the key success factor of an advanced<br />

April 2012, Volume 2 No 2 19

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