Paumarí Derivational Affixes
Paumarí Derivational Affixes
Paumarí Derivational Affixes
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a-ha'di-ki 'ida lamparina<br />
process-burn-margin dem lamp<br />
'The lamp is alight.'<br />
'o-a-na-ha'di-hi ida lamparina<br />
I-process-causativiser-burn-narra dem lamp<br />
'I lit the lamp.' i.e. 'I caused the lamp to be burning.'<br />
4.4. Making a peripheral element nuclear<br />
The application of the causativiser on some intransitive verbs with actor subject is a<br />
means of making a peripheral element nuclear. In the following examples a locative has been<br />
transferred to the object1 making the clause transitive. The application of na- has not added new<br />
information to the clause, as the locative is in the periphery of the underived clause, but has<br />
transferred the information to a more prominent position.<br />
a) Inaviha 'o-araba-ha-hi<br />
Lake=Inaviha I-fished-distance-narra<br />
'At Lake Inaviha I fished.'<br />
'o-na-araba-hi ida Inaviha<br />
I-causativiser-fished-narra dem Inaviha)<br />
'I fished at Inaviha.'<br />
b) igitha kapamoarihi kani-a va-ka-kaikahi-ha<br />
animal people place-locative they-canoe-arrive-narra<br />
'At the animal people place they arrived.'<br />
va-ka-na-kaikahi-hi ida igitha kapamoarihi<br />
they-canoe-causativiser-arrive-narra dem animal people<br />
'They arrived at the animal people place.'<br />
The use of causatives to make a peripheral element nuclear is not frequent in text. When<br />
they occur they seem to highlight either a new incident, a new setting within an incident, a<br />
purposeful going to a location, or a contrast between locations.<br />
4.5. Applied to intransitive active clauses derived from nouns<br />
The causativiser may also be applied to intransitive active clauses that have been derived<br />
from nouns. When a derived intransitive clause, described in 1.3. and 2.5. has the causativiser<br />
applied, it becomes a transitive clause with the general meaning 'the subject (actor) causes the<br />
object1 (patient) to become the item indicated in the verb root.' The following three examples<br />
show the progression in derivations from derived descriptive, to intransitive active by the<br />
application of the -ha 'activiser', and then to a transitive clause by the application of the<br />
causativiser.<br />
'o-ko-'bai-ki-ho<br />
I-intranser-food-margin-I<br />
'I have food.'<br />
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