Peter Theisen, Principle Engineer, Power Systems and ... - ecedha

Eaton Corporation – An Overview February 2012
© 2012 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.

Powering businesses worldwide
for 100 years
• Founded in 1911 by J.O. Eaton
• World Headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio USA
• Regional Headquarters in Shanghai, China; Morges, Switzerland;
Sao Paulo, Brazil
• Innovation Centers in the USA, Czech Republic, China and India
• Customers in more than 150 countries
• 2011 sales of $16 billion, 55% of sales outside the U.S.
• Approx. 73,000 employees
• Chairman & CEO – Alexander M. Cutler
© 2012 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
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2011 Financial Highlights
Business Unit Sales Sales
23%
19%
19%
9%
31%
11%
16%
18%
10%
45%
2000 2011
Electrical Aerospace Hydraulics Truck Automotive
© 2012 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Net income
Operating Earnings
per share (EPS)
Revenue
$16 Billion
$1.35 Billion
$3.96
Electrical $7.2B
Aerospace $1.7B
Hydraulics $2.8B
Truck $2.6B
Automotive $1.7B
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Eaton Corporation
Innovation in Power Management
Pete Theisen
Principle Engineer – Power
Systems and Architectures
March 2012
© 2012 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.

Goals and Agenda
Utility/Facility power distribution systems focus
• Microgrids, Net Zero, and Renewable/Storage
Systems all share common control needs,
protection requirements and unsolved problems
• Modern Controls will not have the luxury of
controlling new equipment; must integrate Legacy
Hardware and provide dynamic Protection
© 2012 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
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Smart Grid Implementation Strategies
“Supergrid” and “Microgrids”
SUPERGRID
Microgrids
• “Supergrid” -- Top Down Grid
Modernization
• Strengthen Transmission�Automate
Distribution�Overlay intelligence
• Assumed method of Smart Grid implementation
• Driven by Utilities
• Microgrid -- Bottom Up Grid Innovation
• Integrate and automate small portions of the
grid
• Reduce grid congestion by optimizing
generation-distribution-loads locally
• Can be owned by either the Utility or privately
Microgrids will be driven by End User (owner) benefits,
Microgrids will be driven by End User (owner) benefits,
not by Utility T&D infrastructure requirements
© 2012 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
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Microgrids
An islandable dynamic power distribution system capable of
optimizing multiple power generation assets and loads through
advanced controls and communication.
• Two modes of operation: Grid-tied and Islanded
• Advanced control systems ensure system stability and perform
economic optimization
• Distributed control for graceful degradation
• Droop control and other techniques accommodate reduced
“inertia”
• Dynamic and reconfigurable distribution enhances reliability and
energy security
© 2012 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
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Microgrid – Owner Benefits & Typical
Configuration
Reliability / Energy Surety
Continuous electrical supply with or
without availability of Utility grid due to
natural disaster or terrorist attack.
Efficiency
Optimization of local generation options
and demand (loads) to reduce
consumption and energy costs
Sustainability
Balancing and optimizing Utility grid to
reduce need for new, central generation
and to alleviate transmission congestion
© 2012 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
Typical Military Microgrid Configuration
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MicroGrid Requirements
Fundamental:
• Capable of operating at islanding and/or on-grid modes stably
• Mode switching with minimum load disruption and shedding during transitions
• After a transition, stabilize in a certain amount of time (how fast?)
Today’s goals:
• Decentralized peer-to-peer: no
master controller or communication
• Plug-and-play concept for each
component
• Transitions between modes
• Protection in the MG that does not
depend on high fault current
• Voltage and frequency stability in
islanding mode
Tomorrow’s needs:
• Layered control architecture: device –
MG – grid, defined functions
• Standardize: modularized with high
flexibility for legacy hardware
• Device: local control and protection
• MG: info. exchange with device and grid,
situation awareness, adaptive protection
• Limited dependence on MG control and
communication
• Optimal power flow and energy utilization
© 2012 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
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MG Protection Challenges
Operating conditions are constantly changing:
• Intermittent DERs
• Network topology change including islanding
• Short-circuit currents vary (both amplitude and direction) depending
on MG operating conditions
• Availability of a sufficient short-circuit current level in the islanded
operating mode of MG.
A generic over current protection with fixed settings is inadequate. It
does not guarantee fault sensitivity or selective operation
for all possible faults!
© 2012 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
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Present MG Protection Philosophy
• Same protection strategies for both islanded and gridconnected
operation.
• The main MG separation switch is designed to open for all
faults.
• With the separation switch open, faults within the MG need to be
cleared with techniques that do not rely on high fault currents.
• Microsources should have embedded protection functions
and plug and- play functionality.
• Peer-to-peer architecture without dependence on master
device.
© 2012 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
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MG Protection R&D Needs
Communication-Assisted and Adaptive Protection
• How to turn existing radial time-current-coordinated schemes into
fast, selective, and sensitive, transmission system – like protection?
• Incorporate existing protection devices (reclosers, sectionalizers,
fuses)
• Minimize additional transducers (CTs, VTs)
• What is the depth of protection awareness?
• Complete MG state (topology, grid or island mode, type and
amount of connected DERs)
• Local and adjacent protection zones
• Local protection zone only
• How to achieve reliable, fast, and cheap communications?
• Bandwidth vs cost vs reliability
• What are the most appropriate backup protection schemes?
• What central (MG-level) protection functions are needed if any?
© 2012 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
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ECE Talent Needs over the next 5+ years
• Electrical Power Systems
• Micro-girds (concrete solutions with legacy equipment)
• Grid-tied systems
• Hybrid systems, storage management
• Power Electronics
• Design, control and optimization of high performance devices
• Inverters, transformers, motor drives, switches
• Increasing emphasis on DC
• Embedded Control
• Systems & supervisory control for complex systems
• Simulation & modeling tool chain
• System diagnostics, prognostics, fault detection and safety
• Leadership, entrepreneurial & innovation skills
• Especially PhD, but also BS and MS
© 2012 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
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For more information on innovation technology, contact:
PeterJTheisen@eaton.com
For more information on student employment opportunities contact:
Kevinebailey@eaton.com
© 2012 Eaton Corporation. All rights reserved.
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