Op Amp Applications from Analog Devices - Get a Free Blog

OP AMP HISTORY
VACUUM TUBE OP AMPS
25. David A. Mindell, "Automation’s Finest Hour: Bell Labs and Automatic Control in World War II,"
IEEE Control Systems, December 1995, pp. 72-80. (Narrative of the T10 computer system and the
M9 gun director developments at Bell Labs).
26. C. A. Lovell, et al, "Artillery Predictor," US Patent 2,404,081, filed May 1, 1941, issued September
24, 1946. (The mathematics of analog computer system using op amps for functions of repeating,
inverting and summing amplifiers, plus differentiation).
27. C. A. Lovell, et al, "Electrical Computing System," US Patent 2,404,387, filed May 1, 1941, issued
July 23, 1946. (An analog computer system using op amps for control).
28. C. A. Lovell, "Continuous Electrical Computation," Bell Laboratories Record, 25, March, 1947, pp.
114-118. (An overview of various fire-control analog computational circuits of the T10 and M9
systems, many illustrating uses of op amps).
29. W. H. Boghosian, et al, "Artillery Director," US Patent 2,493,183, filed May 21, 1942, issued Jan. 3,
1950. (An artillery fire control system using op amps for control).
30. K. D. Swartzel, Jr., "Summing Amplifier," US Patent 2,401,779, filed May 1, 1941, issued July 11,
1946. (The first operational amplifier, used as a summing amplifier).
31. Recognition of Harold Black, "Historic Firsts: The Negative Feedback Amplifier,"
Bell Laboratories Record, Vol. 22, No.4, December, 1943, pp. 173. (A Bell Laboratories tribute to
the Black negative feedback amplifier invention).
32. "Electrical Gun Director Demonstrated," Bell Laboratories Record, Vol. 22, No. 4, December 1943,
pages 157-167. See also: "Development of the Electrical Director," Bell Laboratories Record, Vol.
22, No. 5, January 1944, pages 225-230. (Bell Laboratories narratives of the M9 gun director system
demonstration and development).
33. J. R. Weeks, "Polystyrene Capacitors," Bell Laboratories Record, 24, March, 1946, pp. 111-115.
(Development of a new capacitor film dielectric for electronic analog computer networks).
34. E. C. Hageman, "Precision Resistance Networks for Computer Circuits," Bell Laboratories Record,
24, December, 1946, pp. 445-449. (Development of precision resistor networks for electronic analog
computers).
35. C. Pfister, "Precision Carbon Resistor ," Bell Laboratories Record, 26, October, 1946, pp. 401-406.
(Development of deposited carbon resistors for electronic analog computers).
36. D. G. Blattner, "Precision Potentiometers for Analog Computers," Bell Laboratories Record, 32,
May, 1954, pp. 171-177. (Development of precision wire wound potentiometers for use in electronic
analog computers).
37. Recognition of M9 Designers C. A. Lovell, D. B. Parkinson, and J. J. Kuhn, "Medals for Merit,"
Bell Laboratories Record, Vol. 27, May, 1947, pp. 208. (The Medal for Merit awarded to the M9
designers on April 8, 1947 is the nation's highest civilian award).
38. Robert Buderi, The Invention That Changed the World, Simon and Schuster, 1996, ISBN: 0-684-
81021-2. (A marvelous account of radar development during WWII, centered largely on the MIT
Radiation Lab team— includes a narrative on the integration of the M9 fire control system with the
SCR-584 radar, and the system's operational success).
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