Björn Villing - MRTC

Evolution in Vehicle Communication 

VOLVO 3P 

26341 Villing, 020821, EVC.PPT 

Evolution in vehicle communication 

Björn Villing 

Bjorn.villing@volvo.com 

VOLVO 3P


VOLVO 3P 


Evolution in vehicle communication 

• VOLVO, short presentation 

• Increased functionallity in vehciles 

• Functionallity in todays vehicle 

• Communication in vehicle 

• Future trucks 

• Challenges of today’s, tomorrow’s E/E development 

• Telematics 

• Production 

• Summary


VOLVO 3P 

26341 Villing, 020821, EVC.PPT


Mack Trucks 

Volvo Aero 

Construction Equipment Volvo Penta Financial Services 

VOLVO 3P 


Business Areas 

Renault Trucks 

Trucks 

Volvo Trucks 

Buses


EMS ABS 

Electronic Features- Challenge 

1980 2010 

VOLVO 3P 


Transmission 

Control ESP ACC BbW XbW


VOLVO 3P 


Why communication in vehicle? 

• Information shareing 

• Diagnostics 

• Distributed functions 

• SW Update 

• More...


Engine 

ECU 

VOLVO 3P 


Information shareing 

Transmission 

ECU 

Drivers demand sent from 

vehicle ECU . 

Vehicle 

ECU


VOLVO 3P 


Active safety - to avoid accidents 

• Disc brakes, ABS, Electronic brake systems 

• Electronic Stabilising Programme 

• etc. 

• Front Underrun Protection 

• Airbag 

• etc. 

Passive safety - if…….

Parts 

Planner 

VDA 

Baldo 

IBIS 

TDM 


App.15 

Central 

systems 

CVSP 

VOLVO 3P 


Diagnostics 

Network 

VCADS Pro


VOLVO 3P 


What do we have today? 

Functionality 

• Powertrain Control 

• Safety systems 

• Diagnostics 

• More...


I-SHIFT - GEARSHIFTING APPLICATION 

An Example of the engine control during the shift sequence 

Engine 

ECU 

VOLVO 3P 


2 Transmission controls 

engine speed when shifting. 

3 Engine changes 

speed, send info back 

to transmission 

Transmission 

ECU 

1 Drivers demand sent from 

gear lever to transmission. 

4 Transmission shifts 

gear, shift ready 

Gear lever 

ECU


Electronic Braking System 

• Electronic foot brake pedal 

• Computer calculates optimum brake 

pressures 

• Network communication to pressure 

actuators at each wheel 

• Each actuator contains computer for calculation 

of ABS regulation 

VOLVO 3P 


CHASSIS ELECTRONICS 

This gives 

• Shorter stopping distance, typically 2.5m shorter at 90 km/h 

• Improved stability in combinations 

• Longer and more accurate service intervalls 

• Superior brake feeling 

• Retarder integration 

First step to pure brake by wire 

Discbrake


VOLVO 3P 


SAFETY SYSTEMS 

Electronic Stability Program (ESP) 

• By measuring the drivers input 

� steering angle 

� throttle 

� brake pedal 

• and comparing it with the measured vehicle behavior 

� lateral acceleration 

� yaw-rate 

� wheel speed 

• ESP brakes the wheels individually, reduces engine torque and limits retarder 

torque 

• To improve steerability and controllability, avoid jack-knifes and reduce the 

danger of roll-over


• On-board diagnostic 

� With the instrument cluster 

• The status of the fault i.e Alarm, 

warning or information will be 

displayed. 

• Detailed information about each 

problem 

• Off-board diagnostic 

� With VCADS pro 

• Detailed information about each 

problem 

• Specific test can be performed on 

each system 

• All systems globally have 

the same way of setting and 

reporting problems. 

VOLVO 3P 


DIAGNOSTICS 

Fast and correct decisions 

Detailed information 

Fast trouble shooting 

Instrument cluster 

VCADS pro


• Possible to mount up to three cameras 

• Higher pedestrian safety through 

“around the vehicle”- visibility 

VOLVO 3P 


REAR VIEW CAMERA


First step towards steer by wire 

VOLVO 3P 


REAR AXLE STEERING 

Electronically controlled steering for tag and pusher 

• Advanced steering adaptation 

• Reduce complex hydraulically circuitry 

• Reduce weight 

• Reduced tire wear 

• Increased maneuverability 

Steered axle


VOLVO 3P 


Communication in vehicle 

• SAE J1708 /J1587 

• SAE J1939


VOLVO 3P 


idle 

start 

bit 

SAE J1708 

data 

MID DATA... CRC 

•RS485 Pair twinned 

•9600 bps 

•MID (Message Identification Character) 

•DATA 

•CRC, checksum, 2~[MID+SUM(DATA)] 

stop 

bit 

idle 

byte 

message


Application Layer 

Presentation Layer 

Session Layer 

Transport Layer 

Network Layer 

Data Link Layer 

Physical Layer 

VOLVO 3P 


SAE J1587 

J1587 

null 

J1587 

J1708 

controller controller 

•• Shall Shall be be used used with with SAE SAE 

J1708 J1708 

•• Specify Specify 

� 

� 

Vehicle 

Vehicle 

Application 

Application 

Layer 

Layer 

� 

� 

Data 

Data 

link 

link 

layer 

layer 

� 

� 

Diagnostics 

Diagnostics 

•• First 

First 

specification 

specification 

1988 

1988


VOLVO 3P 


J1939 

Background 

• Market pull (traditional) in US for option to select Truck components from 

different vendors 

• For E/E systems in trucks the answer was the standardised SAE J1939 

protocol, backed up by a long list of manufacturers of trucks, harvest 

machines etc. 

• Heavily supported 

� Major national and international vehicle manufacturers 

� Used in North American, European & Asian vehicles 

� Major global component manufacturers 

� Multiple tool suppliers, both handheld and PC based 

• In use since mid 1990’s, applications still growing


VOLVO 3P 


A technical presentation of J1939 

• Data link level is the automotive CAN 2.0 B standard 

• Standard is structured according to OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) 

model 

Application Layer 

Presentation Layer 

Session Layer 

Transport Layer 

Network Layer 

Data Link Layer 

Physical Layer 

Application schemes 

J1939 

J1939 

controller controller


Pro 

VOLVO 3P 


Pro and Cons with J1939 

� Simpler integration of components 

and functionality 

� Standard mean shorter project time 

� Simpler to reuse components 

and functionality 

� Co-operation in the Industry 

Cons 

� Limitations 

� Lack of flexibility 

� Effort of coordination

EMS 


J1708/J1587 

J1939-1 

J1939-2 

ABS-B 

VECU 

Tachograph 

ABS-F 

VOLVO 3P 


EBS 

TECU 

GECU 

ESP 

TEA2 Architecture 

J1939-5 

LCM 

RECU 

RAS 

PWM 

Buttons 

in wheel 

ECS 

Cluster 

Audio 

SWM 

Phone 

J1939-3 

BBM 

CAN-4: 

SAE J1939 

IMMO 

SRS 

STD 

MCC 

ECC 

Dynafleet 

B-builder 

VCADS

J1939-1 

Engine 

Control Unit 

J1708/J1587 

J1939-2 


Electronic 

Electronic Stability Program 

Brake System 

Vehicle 

Control Unit 

Tachograph 

Transmission 

Control Unit 

Gear lever 

Control Unit 

J1939-5 

Light 

Control Module 

Electronic 

Controlled 

Steering 

Buttons 

in wheel 

CAN-4: 

SAE J1939 

Body Builder 

Module 

Truck Electronic 

Architecture 

PWM 

Electronic 

Controlled 

Suspension 

Instrument 

Cluster 

Audio 

Steering Wheel 

Module 

Phone 

J1939-3 

Immobiliser 

X-by-wire 

VOLVO 3P 


Airbag 

Climate control 

Dynafleet 

Tool 

Future Volvo Trucks 

Electronic systems 

Remote diagnostics 

Safety 

Infotainment 

IT & Telematics


VOLVO 3P 



Truck Electronic Architecture 

• Increased functionality with reduced number of ECU´s 

• Enhanced entertainment network (MOST, AMIC, etc.) 

• Sensor network with smart sensors 

• Wire less communication (blue tooth, wlan …) 

� Service tool communication 

� Remote control of air suspension 

� …. 

• Dual voltage, 12V / 36 V 

� Components will be common with the car industry 

� Requirement for 

• steer and brake by wire systems 

• Integrated Starter, Alternator and Damper 

Engine 

Control Unit 

J1708/J1587 

J1939-1 

J1939-2 

Electronic 

Electronic Stability Program 

Brake System 

Vehicle 

Control Unit 

Tachograph 

Transmission 

Control Unit 

Gear lever 

Control Unit 

J1939-5 

Light 

Control Module 

Electronic 

Controlled 

Steering 

PWM 

Buttons 

in wheel 

Electronic 

Controlled 

Suspension 

Instrument 

Cluster 

Audio 

Steering Wheel 

Module 

Phone 

Body Builder 

Module 

J1939-3 

CAN-4: 

SAE J1939 

Immobiliser 

Airbag 

Climate control 

Dynafleet 

Tool


Today: 

� Brake-by-Wire 

� Shift-by-Wire 

� Throttle-by-Wire 

� Rear Axle Steering 

Advantages: 

• Reduce environmental impact: 

� Eliminate the need for hydraulic fluids 

� Reduce fuel consumption 

• Increase performance and safety: 

� Improve handling, lateral control 

� Reduce braking stopping distance 

� Enable Lane keeping, Collision avoidance 

� Enhanced diagnostics 

• Improve flexibility: 

� Adaptive functions, feedback levels etc. 

� Mechanical packing, LHD/RHD etc. 

VOLVO 3P 



X-by-wire concepts 

Tomorrow: 

� Brake-by-Wire (full) 

� Steer-by-Wire


Part is replaced in 

workshop 

VOLVO 3P 


Part is shipped to 

Workshop Just In Time 


On board diagnostics 

•Service proposal is sent to 

Driver / Fleet Manager: 

Closest / on-route work 

shops are suggested 

•Workshop and service 

occasion selected by 

Driver /Fleet manager 

On-board Diagnostics System 

detects worn-out part 

On-board diagnostics system 

notifies driver and Volvo Action 

Service 

•Component is 

ordered from parts 

supplier chain 

•Workshop visit is 

planned


Each truck has its own homepage 

Users configure their personal Volvo Net Services 

VOLVO 3P 



IT & Telematics


VOLVO 3P 



Safety systems 

All around vision for improved traffic safety 

• Adaptive Cruise Control 

• Forward collision warning 

• Lane change warning 

• Blind spot detection 

• Back-up aid 

Adaptive Cruise Control Blind spot detection Lane change warning Back-up aid


• Simplified human-machine interface 

by voice controlled electronics for 

safety and comfort 

� Address entry for navigation 

� Telephone 

� Order acceptance with speech 

� Text to speech 

� Audio control 

� Electronic windows 

� Rear view mirror 

VOLVO 3P 



Safety systems


VOLVO 3P 


Challenges of today’s, tomorrow’s E/E 

development 

•Manage system complexity 

•Manage multi-organisational, multi-site projects 

•Manage requirement complexity 

•Manage reuse and co-use 

•Manage changes during project 

•Manage reduced development time 

•Manage customization at low cost


Integration of Sites 

A platform for integration of projects and organisations - 

reuse and sharing of system component models 

VTNA 

Mack Trucks 

VOLVO 3P 


Renault V.I. 

VTC


System integration 

VOLVO 3P 


Integration of Disciplines 

Application analysis & design 

Function A 

Function B 

Function C 

SW + HW implementation 

Subsystem X Subsystem Y 

Platform analysis & design


Map 

Manager 

Traffic 

Information 

Positioning 

GPS (CT, IT) 

Driver data 

Load indicator data 

Temperature data 

Engine data 

VOLVO 3P 


Order 

Manager (mail) 

Telematics 

Fleet management 

Dynafleet - A Transport Information System 

Message 


Communication 

Data download 

Map 

Manager 

Positioning 

GPS (CT, IT) 

Order 


Message 


Dynafleet Logger Manager 

• Driver reports 

• Vehicle data reports


Dynafleet Online - A Telematics Solution 

Data download from vehicle, 

as GSM data via local comserver 

in 

each market 

Volvo vehicle with Dynafleet 

unit and GSM telephone 

VOLVO 3P 


Volvo Volvo 

Corporate Corporate 

Network Network 

Dynafleet 

Online 

Applications 

and 

databases 

Internet 

Internet 

User interface consists of webpages 

and communication via 

the internet.


sales order 

parameter list 

variant string 

Design department 

Truck Spec 

Breakdown 

VOLVO 3P 


Production preparation and 

After market preparation 

Design data base VSP data base 

CENTRAL VSP 

Vehicle data base 

Production 

Software download 

Programming 

package 

• Data driven 

• Download of software, dataset and parameters 

• Each programming package is unique 

• Vehicle database maintained also in the aftermarket 

Downloader 

Main software 

Datasets 

Local database 

Parameters

CURRENT AND 

PROSPECTIVE 

CUSTOMERS 


WHAT CAN WE DO? 

PC 

VOLVO 3P 


DEALERS 

INTERNET 

SUPPLIERS 

PDA 

GSM 

VOLVO 

TRUCK 

PLANT 

WLAN 

GPS 

VOLVO 

CORPORATE 

NETWORK 

DATA 

PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT 

AFTERMARKET 

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VOLVO 3P 


Summary 

• Maintance 

• Cost 

• Integrated systems 

• Worldwide 

• See the possibilites 

• Complete offer

Björn Villing - MRTC

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