Science Facing Aliens - Invasive Alien Species in Belgium - Belgian ...

Recommendations

Info

38 References Adachi N., Terashima I. & Takahashi M., 1996. Nitrogen translocation via rhizome systems in monoclonal stands of Reynoutria japonica in an oligotrophic desert on Mt Fuji: Field experiments. Ecological research 11: 175-186. Ainouche M.L., Baumel A., Salmon A. & Yannic G., 2003. Hybridization, polyploidy and speciation in Spartina (Poaceae) New Phytologist 161: 165-172. Bailey J., & Wisskirchen R., 2006. The distribution and origins of Fallopia x bohemica (Polygonaceae) in Europe. Nordic Journal of Botany 24: 173-200. Beerling D.J., Bailey J.P. & Conolly A.P., 1994. Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decraene. J Ecol 82: 959–979. Gammon M.A., Grimsby J.L., Tsirelson D. & Kesseli, R., 2007. Molecular and morphological evidence reveals introgression in swarms of the invasive taxa Fallopia japonica, F. sachalinensis, and F. xbohemica (Polygonaceae) in the United States. American Journal of Botany 94: 948-956. Lee C.E., 2002. Evolutionary genetics of invasive species. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 17: 386-391. Mandák B., Pyšek P., Lysak M., Suda J., Krahulcova A. & Bimova K., 2003. Variation in DNA-ploidy levels of Reynoutria taxa in the Czech Republic. Annals of Botany 92: 265- 272. Mandák B., Pyšek P. & Bímová K., 2004. History of the invasion and distribution of Reynoutria taxa in the Czech Republic: a hybrid spreading faster than its parents. Preslia 76:15-64. Marigo G. & Pautou G., 1998. Phenology, growth and ecophysiological characteristics of Fallopia sachalinensis. Journal of Vegetation Science 9: 379-386. Price E.A.C., Gamble R., Williams C.G. & Marshall, C., 2001. Seasonal patterns of partitioning and remobilization of C-14 in the invasive rhizomatous perennial Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decraene). Evolutionary Ecology 15: 347- 362. Tiébré M.S., Bizoux J.-P., Hardy O.J., Bailey J.P. & Mahy, G., 2007. Hybridization and morphogenetic variation in the invasive alien Fallopia (Polygonaceae) complex in Belgium. American Journal of botany 94: 1900-1910.
Mediterranean container plants and their stowaways: A potential source of invasive plant species Ivan HOSTE* 1 & Filip VERLOOVE 2 1, 2 National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Domein van Bouchout, B-1860 Meise. *Corresponding author: ivan.hoste@br.fgov.be Introduction: An expanding catalogue of neophytes A recently published catalogue of neophytes (Verloove 2006) lists 1969 non-native vascular plants recorded from Belgium between 1800 and 2005. By the end of 2008, only a few years later, 144 new taxa (+ 7.3 %) had been added to the catalogue, not including some 20 new taxa resulting from the current study. The composition of the group of 144 new additions differs markedly from the one of the catalogue 1800-2005. Species originally introduced as ornamentals make up 60 % of the additions, against 33 % in 1800-2005. Together the two most important families in the catalogue (Poaceae and Asteraceae) make up only 5 % of additions, as compared to 29 % in the catalogue. The clear differences between the catalogue and the additional recent dataset are linked with real changes and inevitable bias. The area of origin of diaspores of alien plant species and the routes and vectors involved have changed as a result of historical trends and events, which often reflect worldwide economic change. Certain categories have disappeared, whereas others are new or at least more important today than before. For instance, 14 % of the species in the 1800-2005 catalogue have only been recorded as wool aliens from the Vesdre valley. Yet, the historical bias in the cumulative dataset explains only part of the differences. The list of post-2005 additions also reflects an important bias. The increased number of introduced ornamentals in the list, recorded as garden escapes or locally naturalizing species, undoubtedly reflects more intensive fieldwork in urban areas in the past few years. The partial shift from grain terminal aliens to urban aliens has several different causes, including the attraction of formerly unexplored fields for the fieldworker, a possible real reduction in the number of imported grain aliens in Belgian port areas, a strongly diminished potential for finding novelties in the well-studied group of grain aliens in Belgium, and a long-standing neglect of certain groups of escapes from cultivation (e.g. shrubs and trees). Cardamine corymbosa, from New Zealand, is a rapidly spreading plant species. In 2008, while doing fieldwork on this weed in nurseries and garden centres, we chanced upon a seemingly important and largely overlooked category of introduced aliens. We therefore decided to study this alien weed flora more in detail. Mediterranean container aliens in Belgium Propagule pressure has recently been described as “the new frontier in invasion ecology” (Richardson & Pyšek, 2008). However, our knowledge about the precise pathways followed by incoming aliens is often very incomplete. The information we gathered during a single year of prospection in garden centres in Belgium amply illustrates this. Between late spring and autumn a large number of garden centres were visited, with the aim of preparing a list of alien weeds growing in containers with Mediterranean plants, especially palms, olives and figs. Occasionally we also recorded plants that had obviously 39
Page 1: Science Facing Aliens Proceedings o
Page 4 and 5: Segers, H & E. Branquart (Eds). Sci
Page 7 and 8: Welcome to the World? Non-native br
Page 9 and 10: these geese species exchange betwee
Page 11: References Anselin A., Geers V. & K
Page 14 and 15: 8 variables, hydro-morphological ch
Page 16 and 17: 10 References Bollache, L., Devin,
Page 18 and 19: 12 Figure 1 - USDA hardiness zones
Page 20 and 21: 14 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 # of bl
Page 22 and 23: 16 Appendix - List of non-native sp
Page 25 and 26: Impact of Fallopia spp. on ecosyste
Page 27 and 28: thermophilous grassland species. Ba
Page 29 and 30: Soil-dependent growth strategy of i
Page 31 and 32: Nr. of flowers/plant 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.
Page 33 and 34: Detection of intraguild predation b
Page 35 and 36: Adaline (µg) ± S.E. 2.50 2.00 1.5
Page 37 and 38: Measuring the impact of Harmonia ax
Page 39 and 40: Unidentified (9/20) Propylea 14-pun
Page 41 and 42: Comparing Fallopia japonica, F. sac
Page 43: SLA (m²/kg) 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 SLA
Page 47 and 48: All species from our survey have in
Page 49 and 50: dangers of uncritically using the t
Page 51 and 52: Water frogs in Wallonia: genetic id
Page 53 and 54: • the distinction between the nat
Page 55: References Berger, L., 1988. On the
Page 58 and 59: 52 # crabs fyke -1 day -1 150 100 5
Page 60 and 61: 54 Ring-necked parakeets in Belgium
Page 62 and 63: 56 Our models predict a mean number
Page 64 and 65: 58 Strubbe D. & Matthysen E., 2009c
Page 66 and 67: 60 Study area & data collection Lie
Page 68 and 69: 62 cm) and age of the tree and comp
Page 71 and 72: Soil arthropods associated to the i
Page 73 and 74: Table 1. Abundance of soil fauna ex
Page 75: References Armbrecht I., Perfecto I
Page 78 and 79: 72 Status of non-indigenous fish sp
Page 80 and 81: 74 Trends At 487 site-specific surv
Page 83 and 84: Non-indigenous species of the Belgi
Page 85 and 86: 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 cumulative #
Page 87 and 88: Brussels Psittacidae: impacts, risk
Page 89: References Anonymous 2005. UK non-n
Page 92 and 93: 86 country, by calculating the numb
Page 94 and 95:
88 raised awareness on the importan
Page 96 and 97:
90 Table 1 - Presentation of the di
Page 99:
Science Facing Aliens Proceedings o
show all

Science Facing Aliens - Invasive Alien Species in Belgium - Belgian ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?