1997 Annual Defense Report Table of Contents - Air Force Magazine

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eadiness, modernization, and infrastructure. This review could produce changes in strategy, resulting force structure and modernization, and other resource needs. REGIONAL SECURITY STRATEGIES The security relationships established by the United States and its allies and friends during the Cold War are essential to advancing America's post-Cold War agenda. To meet the unique challenges of the post- Cold War era, the United States seeks to further strengthen and adapt these partnerships and to establish new security relationships in support of U.S. interests. In Europe, the end of the Cold War has brought new opportunities and new challenges. Hand in hand with its North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) allies, the United States has sought to promote a free and undivided Europe that will work with the United States to keep the peace and promote prosperity. In the new security architecture of an integrated Europe, NATO is the central pillar, complemented by the Western European Union and a strengthened Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. This is the essential motivation behind U.S. support for NATO enlargement and establishment of a strong NATO-Russia relationship. NATO's Partnership for Peace (PFP) has provided a means for expanding and intensifying political and military cooperation throughout Europe. NATO members and partners have participated in many dozens of PFP exercises and hundreds of other training, planning, and consultation activities. PFP serves as a pathway for nations to qualify for NATO membership; for those partners that do not choose to join NATO, PFP provides an enduring framework for their relations with NATO and constitutes concrete proof that the alliance is concerned about their security. Partnership for Peace bolsters efforts by Central and Eastern European nations and the New Independent States to build democratic societies and strengthen regional stability. Other efforts, including the European Command's Joint Contact Team Program and Marshall Center, similarly advance U.S. defense engagement with Central and Eastern Europe and the New Independent States. Secretary Perry made building cooperative defense and military ties with Russia, Ukraine, and the other New Independent States one of the Department of Defense's highest priorities. Moving away from the hostility of the Cold War and reducing its lethal nuclear legacy will be neither instantaneous nor easy. Steady, continued engagement that focuses on mutual security interests is the cornerstone in building constructive relationships with the New Independent States. Through the pursuit of a pragmatic partnership, the United States is striving to manage differences with Russia to ensure that shared security interests and objectives take priority. A central objective is to encourage Russia to play a constructive role in the new European security architecture through the development of NATO-Russia relations and through Russia's active participation in PFP. The East Asian-Pacific region continues to grow in importance to U.S. security and prosperity. This region has experienced unprecedented economic growth in the past decade and is projected to have the highest rate of economic growth in the world over the next 25 years. The security and stability provided by the presence of U.S. military forces in the East Asian-Pacific region over the past 40 years created the conditions and potential for such tremendous growth. Security, open markets, and democracy, the three strands of the President's National Security Strategy, are thoroughly intertwined in this region. Today, the United States retains its central role as a force for stability in East Asia-Pacific, but it has begun to share greater responsibility for regional security with its friends and allies. The United States constructively participates in and supports regional security dialogues. It actively encourages efforts by East Asian-Pacific nations to provide host-nation support for U.S. forces, contribute to United Nations (UN) peace operations, and participate in international assistance efforts throughout the world. While these regional initiatives are important, there is no substitute for a forward-stationed U.S. military 7
presence -- essential to both regional security and America's global military posture -- or for U.S. leadership like that which brought together the broad coalition that convinced North Korea to relinquish its nuclear weapons program. The United States will remain active in this vital region. The United States has enduring interests in the Middle East, especially pursuing a comprehensive Middle East peace, assuring the security of Israel and U.S. principal Arab partners, and maintaining the free flow of oil at reasonable prices. The United States will continue to work to extend the range of Middle East peace and stability. Integral to that effort is the Administration's strategy of dual containment of Iraq and Iran for as long as those states pose a threat to U.S. interests, to other states in the region, and to their own citizens. Maintaining the United States' long-standing military presence in Southwest Asia is critical to protecting the vital interests America shares with others in the region. The United States seeks to strengthen its security relationships with the countries of South Asia, particularly India and Pakistan. In recent years, DoD has worked closely on peacekeeping operations with the armed forces of not only India and Pakistan, but also Nepal and Bangladesh. DoD has also expanded its combined military exercise programs with these countries. While U.S. defense ties are important in their own right, they also support broader U.S. objectives in the South Asian region, such as reducing tensions, by building mutual trust and understanding. To support these goals, the Department has annual security talks with both India and Pakistan. The overarching U.S. objectives in the Western Hemisphere are to sustain regional stability and to increase regional cooperation. The continuation of a stable and cooperative environment will help ensure that current strides in democracy, free markets, and sustainable development will continue and that further progress can be made by the nations of the region. The United States also has a key interest in countering the steady flow of narcotics into the United States from source countries in Latin America and the Caribbean. As in other regions, DoD is working to foster greater transparency and confidence building throughout the region and enhance the sharing of responsibility for mutual security interests with its friends and allies in the Western Hemisphere, while supporting U.S. law enforcement agencies and many countries in the fight against narcotics trafficking. Contributions from the region have included the provision of forces to coalition operations, support for international development and democratization, and the contribution of personnel or resources to UN peace operations. Although at present their is no permanent or significant military presence in Africa, the United States does desire access to facilities and strengthened relations with African nations through initiatives that have been or might be especially important in the event of a wide range of contingencies. The United States has significant interests in Africa in countering state-sponsored terrorism, narcotics trafficking, and proliferation of conventional weapons, fissile materials, and related technology. The United States must continue to work with the continent's nations to help secure U.S. interests. Africa also provides fertile ground for promoting democracy, sustaining development, and resolving conflict. The United States does not seek to resolve Africa's many conflicts, but rather to empower African states and organizations to do so themselves. It also supports the democratization and economic growth that are necessary for the long-term stability of the region. The United States actively participates in efforts to address the root causes of conflicts and disasters that affect U.S. national interests before they erupt. Such efforts include support for military downsizing, demining, effective peace operations, including the African Crisis Response Force, and strong indigenous conflict resolution facilities, including those of the Organization of African Unity and subregional organizations. In all these regions, nations contribute to global and regional security in a wide variety of ways; the notion of responsibility sharing reflects the broad range of such contributions. In addition to providing 8
Page 2 and 3: MESSAGE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE
Page 4 and 5: MESSAGE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE
Page 6 and 7: Chapter 1 U.S. DEFENSE STRATEGY Sin
Page 10 and 11: host-nation support for U.S. forces
Page 12 and 13: • Underwrite regional stability b
Page 14 and 15: and maintained its portion of the z
Page 16 and 17: The Department supports the counter
Page 18 and 19: CONCLUSION America's defense strate
Page 20 and 21: • Port call and other force visit
Page 22 and 23: In some cases, the United States wi
Page 24 and 25: that exists today. Until START II i
Page 26 and 27: accurately from medium and high alt
Page 28 and 29: carriers responding to crises. Thes
Page 30 and 31: ARNG and USAR have implemented tier
Page 32 and 33: Forces must meet standards in terms
Page 34 and 35: level. By looking at recurring SORT
Page 36 and 37: Another dimension of the problem wi
Page 38 and 39: Created in conjunction with the SRO
Page 40 and 41: anticipated threat forces, and the
Page 42 and 43: and assessing near term readiness.
Page 44 and 45: The Department has long recognized
Page 46 and 47: Services, commanders, and leaders a
Page 48 and 49: Child Development Program Today, ov
Page 50 and 51: families return to civilian life ea
Page 52 and 53: programs include public awareness c
Page 54 and 55: a needed respite. During FY 1996, A
Page 56 and 57: Chapter 6 COUNTERPROLIFERATION AND
Page 58 and 59:
state, effective upon entry into fo
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also monitors DoD-wide efforts at t
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organized crime activities in the f
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associated delivery vehicles will,
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partnerships with allies and friend
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START II's reductions are to be com
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U.S. TMD programs are going forward
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Chapter 7 COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCT
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PROGRESS IN CTR IMPLEMENTATION To m
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of WMD; proliferation prevention ef
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in helping Ukraine develop a nation
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econnaissance complex are key enabl
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capability. For example, the Medium
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Chapter 9 RESPONDING TO TERRORISM T
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Technological advances may have the
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protection training for deploying f
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Higher levels of recruit quality se
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The Assistant Secretary of Defense
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drawdown, but that is simply not th
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• Designing components of a futur
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with five of seven contracts, cover
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comprehensive report on the results
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• Joint ventures, including share
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many of the approaches that have pr
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Chapter 11 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT REF
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• The Defense Transportation Paym
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Funds Distribution and Internal Con
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program at the DFAS Centers and Ope
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To foster standardization beyond da
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Many of the important recommendatio
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COMMERCIAL ADVOCATES FORUM The Depu
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GOVERNMENT PURCHASE CARD DoD establ
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to reduce cycle time. The Services
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government agencies interested in t
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Assuring Affordable Access to Leadi
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world-class SoS wafers. Process imp
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cargo containers used for transport
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Defense Export Loan Guarantee Progr
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Inventory Control Points. DoD has r
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junior or one senior enlisted membe
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BRAC Costs and Savings ($ Billions)
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Chapter 14 ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY A
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In addition to incorporating pollut
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• Provide safe drinking water to
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under the Superfund Amendments and
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the United States and other nations
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Chapter 15 LOGISTICS MEETING THE LO
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Each of the Services and DLA have e
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During FY 1996, the Services and DL
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transportation systems have been ap
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REENGINEERING TRANSPORTATION In May
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Chapter 16 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY T
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PROVIDING FUTURE JOINT WARFIGHTING
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and littoral engagements. Technolog
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demonstrations is focused on counte
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Sensors, Electronics, and Battlespa
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techniques for protecting aircraft
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fundamental advances relevant to cu
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an S&T Affordability Policy has bee
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• Phase II - Force Buildup. Heavy
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American leadership remains crucial
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enough to damage two ships seriousl
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Note: FWE quantities are based on t
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Nuclear Forces chapter). Also inclu
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attle groups may not be available.
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Mobility Forces Mobility forces - a
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transporting fuels. In addition, th
Page 192 and 193:
The Navy has taken steps to ensure
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• Increases procurement funding t
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Successful execution of the moderni
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to cruise at supersonic speeds, and
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JSF RDT&E (DARPA) RDT&E (Air Force)
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SPECIALIZED FORCES Air Force E-3 an
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Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM)
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AMPHIBIOUS SHIPS The key to moderni
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deferral of the lead ship, funds ha
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Ship Construction SSN-23 NSSN DDG-5
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MISSILES AND MUNITIONS Army Tactica
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Bradley Fighting Vehicle Upgrade. T
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FMTV RDT&E Procurement Support Syst
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Airlift C-17 RDT&E Procurement C-13
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military forces and civil authoriti
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for U.S. presence, reducing U.S. ac
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Air Force SOF are organized into on
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Chapter 19 SPACE FORCES The United
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Satellite Systems FY 1997 Space-Bas
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DoD operates space and ground-based
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Force Application The force applica
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Navigation Satellites The Global Po
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Land-Based Intercontinental Ballist
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new relationship between the United
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Chapter 21 BALLISTIC MISSILE DEFENS
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Upper-tier systems are necessary to
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contiguous 48 states. Only a North
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Chapter 22 NATIONAL GUARD AND RESER
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Reserve, and civilian personnel und
Page 250 and 251:
Defense Authorization Act and conti
Page 252 and 253:
Policy has become a reality, the co
Page 254 and 255:
duty, receive a refund of tuition a
Page 256 and 257:
six brigades containing CS/CSS orga
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Chapter 23 COMMAND, CONTROL, COMMUN
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DoD continues to pursue battlefield
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standard data links in tactical pla
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developed this CD-ROM as a self-con
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demonstration flight mishap, DarkSt
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African states; conventional target
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National Imagery and Mapping Agency
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NSA/CSS provides time-critical supp
Page 274 and 275:
DoD budget authority requested for
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Recapitalization of U.S. Forces Dep
Page 278 and 279:
In its FY 1997 defense bill, Congre
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The Army reassures friends and alli
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integral part of a joint or combine
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REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY
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security tasking, anytime and anywh
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Maneuver operations from the sea pr
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The transformation process of makin
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equirements. Whether giving new lif
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as force modernization initiatives.
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REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF THE AIR
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OPERATING TEMPO/PERSONNEL TEMPO Sin
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• Rapid global mobility. • Prec
Page 302 and 303:
PRECISION ENGAGEMENT When one think
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The next essential element in effec
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The key to our success in the suppo
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REPORT OF THE CHAIRMAN OF THE RESER
Page 310 and 311:
The Services have lived with the To
Page 312 and 313:
extensively by the Budget Enforceme
Page 314 and 315:
DEFENSE SHARES OF ECONOMIC AGGREGAT
Page 316 and 317:
U.S. MILITAR Y PERSONNEL IN FOREIGN
Page 318 and 319:
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE GENERAL PURPO
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Appendix E GOLDWATER-NICHOLS ACT IM
Page 322 and 323:
ANALYSIS OF THE ASSIGNMENT WHERE OF
Page 324 and 325:
The following organizations have jo
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Appendix F DEFENSE ACQUISITION WORK
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wide), up slightly from FY 1995's 2
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EDUCATION The Department again prov
Page 332 and 333:
Improved Opportunities The Services
Page 334 and 335:
Appendix G PERSONNEL READINESS FACT
Page 336 and 337:
RETENTION TRENDS The Department of
Page 338 and 339:
does not allow extended in-depth di
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