ArchiMate - Software and Computer Technology
ArchiMate - Software and Computer Technology
ArchiMate - Software and Computer Technology
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<strong>ArchiMate</strong>:<br />
Past, Present <strong>and</strong> Future<br />
Marc Lankhorst<br />
Principal Researcher<br />
Enterprise Architecture<br />
EIS, Delft, October 31, 2011
Overview<br />
• Introduction<br />
• Enterprise architecture<br />
• The <strong>ArchiMate</strong> modeling language<br />
• <strong>ArchiMate</strong> <strong>and</strong> TOGAF<br />
• Future extensions to <strong>ArchiMate</strong>
Novay<br />
• Independent, not-for-profit research & consulting<br />
organization<br />
• Focused on creating impact with ICT innovation<br />
• In projects together with industry <strong>and</strong> academia<br />
• In e.g. government, finance, high-tech, healthcare, energy
Marc Lankhorst<br />
Principal researcher Enterprise Architecture<br />
Researcher, consultant &<br />
project manager of<br />
major R&D consortium projects<br />
MSc University of Twente<br />
PhD University of Groningen<br />
Board member<br />
Netherl<strong>and</strong>s Architecture<br />
Forum<br />
Responsible for<br />
development of<br />
<strong>ArchiMate</strong><br />
Enterprise architecture<br />
E-government<br />
Networked enterprises<br />
Business agility
Together investing in ICT-driven innovation<br />
Sharing risk, cost <strong>and</strong> knowledge<br />
Leading to impact for people, economy <strong>and</strong> society<br />
Novay<br />
Networked Innovation
Enterprise Architecture
Role of Enterprise Architecture<br />
products<br />
Mission<br />
Vision<br />
Strategy<br />
Goals<br />
as is to be<br />
enterprise architecture<br />
domain/aspect<br />
architectures<br />
Actions<br />
culture<br />
leadership<br />
people<br />
Operations<br />
processes people IT<br />
…
Enterprise Architecture: Coherence<br />
Information architecture Product architecture<br />
?<br />
Application architecture<br />
?<br />
Process architecture<br />
?<br />
?<br />
?<br />
Technical architecture
Support for Enterprise Architecture<br />
• Need for precise documentation of architectures<br />
• Analysis of architectures to support management<br />
decisions:<br />
• Analyze dependencies between systems, processes,<br />
projects, etc.<br />
• Perform cost calculations<br />
• Audit for regulatory compliance<br />
• Assess business value/contribution of systems<br />
• Manage the IT portfolio<br />
• Communicating about architecture with others<br />
• Get away from the “fuzzy pictures” image
Architecture Models<br />
• To raise the abstraction level, the main technique for<br />
describing architectures is in the form of models<br />
• models can be checked, visualized, analyzed, managed,<br />
integrated, transformed, interpreted, <strong>and</strong> sometimes even<br />
executed<br />
• Needed: well-founded, practical, <strong>and</strong> vendor-independent<br />
st<strong>and</strong>ard for enterprise architecture modeling<br />
• Integrating various aspect models in many languages (UML,<br />
IDEF, BPMN, ARIS, ...)<br />
• But not with as much detail, only the essence
The <strong>ArchiMate</strong> Research Project<br />
• 2½ years, July 2002 - December 2004<br />
• approx. 35 man-years, 4 million euro<br />
• Consortium of companies <strong>and</strong> knowledge institutes<br />
• Directed by Novay (then still Telematica Instituut)
<strong>ArchiMate</strong> Focus<br />
Visualization<br />
Integration<br />
Analysis
Integrated Modelling<br />
with <strong>ArchiMate</strong>
Integration<br />
An architecture might encompass for example:<br />
• products & services<br />
• organization<br />
• processes<br />
• information<br />
• applications<br />
• systems<br />
• networks
The <strong>ArchiMate</strong> Language<br />
High-level<br />
modeling<br />
within a<br />
domain<br />
modeling relations<br />
between domains<br />
<strong>ArchiMate</strong> language<br />
Relate to<br />
st<strong>and</strong>ards<br />
Basis for<br />
visualizations<br />
Basis for<br />
analyses
more generic<br />
Abstraction Levels<br />
more specific<br />
Application<br />
Object<br />
Relation<br />
Process<br />
Generic concepts<br />
Enterprise architecture<br />
concepts<br />
Company-specific<br />
concepts, st<strong>and</strong>ards,<br />
e.g. UML, BPMN
<strong>ArchiMate</strong> <strong>and</strong> UML/BPMN/…<br />
• <strong>ArchiMate</strong> connects architectural domains<br />
• Broader scope, but less detail than e.g. UML (software),<br />
BPMN (processes)<br />
• No replacement for these, but an ‘umbrella’ on top<br />
• Several <strong>ArchiMate</strong> concepts derived from BPMN (esp.<br />
business processes) <strong>and</strong> UML (esp. for application <strong>and</strong><br />
infrastructure)<br />
• Easy to link to e.g. UML descriptions of detailed design or<br />
BPMN process models
Layers <strong>and</strong> Aspects<br />
Business<br />
Application<br />
<strong>Technology</strong><br />
Products &<br />
Business<br />
Services<br />
Functions<br />
Information Processes<br />
Data<br />
Passive<br />
structure<br />
“object”<br />
Behavior<br />
“verb”<br />
Applications<br />
Technical Infrastructure<br />
Organization<br />
Active<br />
structure<br />
“subject”
Services as Binding Concept<br />
Customer<br />
External<br />
business service<br />
External<br />
application service<br />
Internal<br />
business service<br />
Internal<br />
application service<br />
External<br />
infra. service <strong>Technology</strong><br />
Internal<br />
infra. service<br />
Business<br />
Application
<strong>ArchiMate</strong> <strong>and</strong> Zachman<br />
Scope<br />
= Planner’s view<br />
Enterprise Model<br />
= Owner’s view<br />
System Model<br />
= Designer’s view<br />
<strong>Technology</strong> Model<br />
= Builder’s view<br />
Detailed representation<br />
= Subcontractor’s view<br />
Functioning Enterprise<br />
= User's view<br />
What How<br />
Information<br />
Where<br />
Business<br />
behavior<br />
Application<br />
<strong>Technology</strong><br />
Structure<br />
Who When<br />
Attributes<br />
Why<br />
Motivation<br />
extension<br />
Contextual<br />
Conceptual<br />
Logical<br />
Physical<br />
As Built<br />
Functioning
Generic Structure at Each Layer<br />
External<br />
Internal<br />
Passive<br />
structure<br />
Behavior Active<br />
structure<br />
Similar concepts at each layer make the language<br />
easier to learn <strong>and</strong> more consistent in use
Notation<br />
• Most concepts have two notations:<br />
• Icon<br />
• Box with icon<br />
• Sharp corners = structure<br />
• Rounded corners = behavior<br />
• Notation resembles UML <strong>and</strong> BPMN<br />
• to stay close to what architects already know<br />
• but for other stakeholders, different notations may be used!<br />
• Relations (arrows etc.) are also mostly taken from existing<br />
languages, with a few exceptions
Business Functions <strong>and</strong> Roles
Product <strong>and</strong> Services
Processes <strong>and</strong> Services
Business Process
Information
Application
Infrastructure
Deployment
Layered Architecture
<strong>ArchiMate</strong> in Practice
<strong>ArchiMate</strong> Now<br />
• Applications at many organizations<br />
• Banks, insurance companies,<br />
government, industry, etc.<br />
• Consultants<br />
• Ordina, Logica, Capgemini, Sogeti, Getronics, etc.<br />
• Tools<br />
• Supported by > 10 tools<br />
• Education<br />
• Used by several universities <strong>and</strong> other educational institutes
Tool Support for <strong>ArchiMate</strong><br />
• Commercial tools:<br />
• BiZZdesign: Architect<br />
• <strong>Software</strong> AG: ARIS <strong>ArchiMate</strong> Modeler<br />
• Casewise: Corporate Modeler<br />
• IBM: System Architect (via Corsa plugin)<br />
• Troux: Metis (old version)<br />
• Agilense: EA Web Modeler<br />
• Sparx: Enterprise Architect<br />
• Avolution: Abacus<br />
• Promis: EVA Netmodeler<br />
• Visual Paradigm: Agilian<br />
• Free: Archi (Bolton Univ.), archi.cetis.ac.uk<br />
Archile, http://sourceforge.net/projects/archile/<br />
Microsoft Visio, Omnigraffle: www.archimate.nl<br />
• Online: Archivity, www.archivity.org
Active User Community<br />
• NAF working group<br />
• http://www.naf.nl/nl/werkgroepen/archimate.html<br />
• <strong>ArchiMate</strong> Forum of The Open Group<br />
• http://www.opengroup.org/archimate<br />
• <strong>ArchiMate</strong> LinkedIn group<br />
• http://www.linkedin.com/groups/<strong>ArchiMate</strong>-50758<br />
• > 1500 members
<strong>ArchiMate</strong> <strong>and</strong> The Open Group<br />
• <strong>ArchiMate</strong> now under the aegis of The Open Group<br />
• Official <strong>ArchiMate</strong> 1.0 st<strong>and</strong>ard<br />
• Original goal, a vendor-independent st<strong>and</strong>ard for<br />
enterprise architecture modeling, is now a reality!<br />
• <strong>ArchiMate</strong> Forum within The Open Group<br />
• responsible for st<strong>and</strong>ardization, further development of the<br />
language, PR, etc.
<strong>ArchiMate</strong>’s Future
<strong>ArchiMate</strong> <strong>and</strong> TOGAF<br />
• TOGAF: The Open Group Architecture Framework<br />
• Architecture Development Method (ADM) provides a way of<br />
working<br />
• Methodical support, but no description technique<br />
• <strong>ArchiMate</strong>:<br />
• a description language<br />
• but no prescribed way of working<br />
• Version 2.0 will cover most of TOGAF
TOGAF, <strong>ArchiMate</strong> <strong>and</strong> Extensions<br />
Motivation<br />
H<br />
Architecture<br />
Change<br />
Management<br />
G<br />
Implementation<br />
Governance<br />
Preliminary<br />
A<br />
Architecture<br />
Vision<br />
Requirements<br />
Management<br />
F<br />
Migration<br />
Planning E<br />
Opportunities<br />
<strong>and</strong><br />
Solutions<br />
TOGAF ADM<br />
B<br />
Business<br />
Architecture<br />
D<br />
<strong>Technology</strong><br />
Architecture<br />
C<br />
Information<br />
Systems<br />
Architectures<br />
Business<br />
Data<br />
Architecture<br />
Application<br />
<strong>Technology</strong><br />
Business<br />
Architecture<br />
<strong>ArchiMate</strong><br />
Application<br />
Architecture<br />
<strong>Technology</strong><br />
Architecture
Motivation Example
Another Example
And Another One
Implementation & Migration Example
More Examples
Process<br />
• <strong>ArchiMate</strong> version 2.0 st<strong>and</strong>ard is being finalized now<br />
• Improvements based on feedback from practice<br />
• Extensions on Motivation <strong>and</strong> Planning & Migration<br />
• First <strong>and</strong> second round of comments from The Open<br />
Group’s <strong>ArchiMate</strong> Forum<br />
• Formal vote by the <strong>ArchiMate</strong> Forum<br />
• Approval by the Board of The Open Group<br />
• St<strong>and</strong>ard will formally be launched in Jan/Feb 2012
<strong>ArchiMate</strong>’s Future<br />
• Closer integration with TOGAF<br />
• TOGAF’s content framework also needs some work<br />
• Possible future extensions:<br />
• semantic / domain modelling<br />
• knowledge modelling (e.g. link with business rules)<br />
• relation with business strategy<br />
• But most importantly: practical use!<br />
• There is no substitute for experience
Summarizing: Benefits of <strong>ArchiMate</strong><br />
• Lean <strong>and</strong> mean language:<br />
• just enough concepts, not bloated to include every possible<br />
detail<br />
• Well-founded concepts & models give precision<br />
• clear communication about architectures<br />
• get away from the ‘fuzzy pictures’ image<br />
• Links to existing approaches<br />
• UML, BPMN, TOGAF<br />
• International vendor-independent st<strong>and</strong>ard<br />
• The Open Group<br />
• Tool support<br />
• several tools available
More Information?<br />
Most <strong>ArchiMate</strong> results are available through the website:<br />
www.archimate.nl<br />
See also The Open Group’s <strong>ArchiMate</strong> Forum:<br />
www.opengroup.org/archimate<br />
Marc Lankhorst<br />
Novay<br />
P.O. Box 589<br />
7500 AN Enschede<br />
The Netherl<strong>and</strong>s<br />
Marc.Lankhorst@novay.nl<br />
053-4850456
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