Super-Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy Based on Physical ...
Super-Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy Based on Physical ...
Super-Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy Based on Physical ...
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CONTENTS ix<br />
5.2.3 Image formati<strong>on</strong> model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75<br />
5.2.4 eoretical Bounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78<br />
5.2.5 A maximum likelihood estimator for axial localizati<strong>on</strong> 80<br />
5.2.6 Localizati<strong>on</strong> in three dimensi<strong>on</strong>s . . . . . . . . . . . . 82<br />
5.3 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82<br />
5.3.1 Calibrati<strong>on</strong> and experimental setup . . . . . . . . . . 84<br />
5.3.2 Extensi<strong>on</strong> of the statistical noise model . . . . . . . . 85<br />
5.3.3 Validati<strong>on</strong> with real data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86<br />
5.3.4 Optimal acquisiti<strong>on</strong> settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88<br />
5.4 Discussi<strong>on</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89<br />
5.4.1 Inuence of the PSF model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91<br />
5.4.2 Shortcomings and possible extensi<strong>on</strong>s of the method 92<br />
6 3-D Localizati<strong>on</strong> 95<br />
6.1 Introducti<strong>on</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95<br />
6.2 eoretical bounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95<br />
6.3 Maximum-likelihood estimator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96<br />
6.4 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97<br />
6.4.1 Properties of the CRB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97<br />
6.4.2 Estimati<strong>on</strong> results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100<br />
7 Steerable lter-based localizati<strong>on</strong> of uorescent dipoles 103<br />
7.1 Introducti<strong>on</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103<br />
7.1.1 Localizati<strong>on</strong> of uorescent dipoles . . . . . . . . . . . 104<br />
7.1.2 New approach based <strong>on</strong> 3-D steerable lters . . . . . 105<br />
7.1.3 Organizati<strong>on</strong> of the paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106<br />
7.2 Image formati<strong>on</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106<br />
7.2.1 Noise model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110<br />
7.2.2 Pixelati<strong>on</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111<br />
7.3 Dipole localizati<strong>on</strong> using steerable lters . . . . . . . . . . . 111<br />
7.3.1 Orientati<strong>on</strong> estimati<strong>on</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113<br />
7.3.2 Sub-pixel positi<strong>on</strong> estimati<strong>on</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114<br />
7.3.3 Joint estimati<strong>on</strong> algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114<br />
7.4 Dipole localizati<strong>on</strong> accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115<br />
7.4.1 Performance of the algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116<br />
7.5 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116<br />
7.5.1 Experimental setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116<br />
7.5.2 Evaluati<strong>on</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118<br />
7.6 Discussi<strong>on</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120<br />
7.7 C<strong>on</strong>clusi<strong>on</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122