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Influence <strong>de</strong>s techniques d’éclaircissage sur <strong>le</strong> ren<strong>de</strong>ment, la morphologie <strong>de</strong>s grappes et la sensibilité à la pourriture du cépage Gamay | Viticulture<br />
Summary<br />
Influence of thinning methods<br />
on yield, bunch morphology and<br />
sensitivity against grey mould<br />
on the grape variety Gamay<br />
The effect of different thinning<br />
methods (elimination of who<strong>le</strong><br />
or half bunches, gibberellins<br />
or prohexadione-calcium<br />
applications) has been studied<br />
during three years on the cultivar<br />
Gamay, clone RAC 10 un<strong>de</strong>r field<br />
conditions (experimental plots of<br />
Agroscope-ACW, Leytron VS,<br />
Switzerland). The application<br />
of gibberellins or prohexadionecalcium,<br />
as well as the<br />
half-section of bunches have<br />
significantly reduced the<br />
inci<strong>de</strong>nce of bunch rot. Chemical<br />
methods have caused bunch<br />
thinning by reducing flower<br />
fecundation. Gibberellins<br />
at 25 and 50 ppm has excessively<br />
reduced bloom induction.<br />
Prohexadione-calcium had no<br />
significant effect in yield<br />
reduction. Most composition<br />
was only slightly influenced by<br />
the different thinning techniques<br />
used.<br />
Key words: grapevine,<br />
gibberellins, GA 3 , hand-thinning,<br />
chemical-thinning, grey rot,<br />
Botrytis cinerea, clusters<br />
morphology, yield regulation,<br />
Gamay.<br />
Zusammenfassung<br />
Einfluss von Ausdünnmetho<strong>de</strong>n<br />
auf Ertrag, Traubenmorphologie<br />
und Fäulnisbefall<br />
bei <strong>de</strong>r Rebsorte Gamay<br />
Die Wirkung verschie<strong>de</strong>ner<br />
manuel<strong>le</strong>r und chemischer<br />
Ausdünnmetho<strong>de</strong>n wur<strong>de</strong><br />
während drei Jahren an <strong>de</strong>r<br />
Forschungsanstalt Agroscope<br />
Changins-Wä<strong>de</strong>nswil ACW<br />
in Leytron (VS) auf <strong>de</strong>r Sorte<br />
Gamay (Klon RAC 10) untersucht.<br />
Die Entfernung ganzer Trauben,<br />
sowie die Traubenteilung<br />
wur<strong>de</strong> mit zwei Dosierungen<br />
von Gibberellin (GA 3 ) und <strong>de</strong>r<br />
Anwendung von Prohexadione-<br />
Calcium verglichen.<br />
Die Anwendung von GA 3 und<br />
von Prohexadione-Calcium<br />
(Regalis) während <strong>de</strong>r Blüte, so<br />
wie die Traubenteilung haben<br />
eine signifikante Wirkung<br />
gegen Botrytis gezeigt. Die<br />
chemischen Ausdünnmetho<strong>de</strong>n<br />
haben eine gewisse<br />
Verrieselung verursacht.<br />
Die GA 3 Anwendung (25 und<br />
50 ppm) führte zu einer starken<br />
Reduktion <strong>de</strong>r Blüteninduktion.<br />
Die Prohexadione-Calcium<br />
zeigte nur einen sehr <strong>le</strong>ichten<br />
Ausdünneffekt. Die<br />
Mostzusammensetzung wur<strong>de</strong><br />
nur <strong>le</strong>icht von <strong>de</strong>n<br />
verschie<strong>de</strong>nen Verfahren<br />
beeinflusst.<br />
Riassunto<br />
Influenza di diverse tecniche<br />
di limitazione <strong>de</strong>lla produzione<br />
sulla morfologia <strong>de</strong>i grappoli<br />
e la sensibilità al marciume<br />
<strong>de</strong>l vitigno Gamay<br />
Le differenti tecniche di<br />
limitazione <strong>de</strong>lla produzione –<br />
eliminazione manua<strong>le</strong> <strong>de</strong>i<br />
grappoli interi o metà, o chimica,<br />
utilizzando dosi di gibberellina<br />
(GA 3 ) o di prohexadione-calcio<br />
(Regalis) – sono stati provate,<br />
durante tre anni in una parcella<br />
di Gamay clone RAC 10 nel<br />
vigneto sperimenta<strong>le</strong> di<br />
Agroscope Changins-Wä<strong>de</strong>nswil<br />
ACW a Leytron (VS).<br />
L’applicazione <strong>de</strong>lla gibberellina<br />
o di prohexadione-calcio<br />
durante la fioritura e la sezione<br />
<strong>de</strong>i grappoli per metà hanno<br />
permesso di ridurre<br />
significativamente l’attacco di<br />
marciume sull’uva. Le varianti<br />
con diradamento chimico hanno<br />
portato ad un po’ più di<br />
colatura e di acinellatura.<br />
L’applicazione di GA 3 (al<strong>le</strong> dosi<br />
di 25 e 50 ppm) ha provocato un<br />
eccessiva riduzione<br />
<strong>de</strong>ll’iniziazione florea<strong>le</strong>.<br />
Il prohexadione-calcio non ha<br />
avuto effetti marcati sulla<br />
riduzione <strong>de</strong>lla produzione.<br />
La composizione <strong>de</strong>l mosto<br />
è stata poco influenzata dal<strong>le</strong><br />
tecniche di limitazione.<br />
<strong>Revue</strong> <strong>suisse</strong> Viticulture, Arboriculture, Horticulture | Vol. 43 (5): 280–287, 2011 287