saerTaSoriso kerZo mewarmeobis centri
saerTaSoriso kerZo mewarmeobis centri
saerTaSoriso kerZo mewarmeobis centri
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26<br />
mikrosesxebi<br />
GEORGIAN BUSINESS TODAY<br />
bizness, iqneba es damwyebi Tu ukve arsebuli, esaWiroeba kapitali imisaTvis rom ganviTardes. kapitali SesaZloa<br />
iyos rogorc sawarmos SigniT dagrovebuli, aseve garedan moziduli saxsrebi. saxsrebi sawarmom SeiZleba moizidos<br />
mravali saSualebiT, maT Soris yvelaze gavrcelebuli meTodebia: sesxebi, kreditebis aReba momwodeblebisgan,<br />
aqtivebis realizacia, sawarmos mier dagrovili Semosavlebi da sxva.<br />
2000 wlidan saqarTveloSi komerciuli bankebisa da sxva safinaso organizaciebis raodenobam sakmaod iklo,<br />
Tumca amasTan sagrZnoblad gaizarda maT mier gacemuli sesxebis moculoba da maT mier SeTavazebuli mosaxurebebi.<br />
2000 wels arsebuli 32 komerciuli bankidan dRes mxolod 19 bankia darCenili, rac erTis mxriv saqarTvelos<br />
erovnuli bankis mier sabanko licenziis misaRebad 12 milioniani kapitalis gansazRvram ganapiroba. aqve aRsaniSnavia,<br />
rom sabanko seqtoris mier gacemuli sesxebis daaxloebiT 70% ucxour valutaSi gacemul sesxebze modis.<br />
periodi<br />
komerciulibankebisraodenoba<br />
s e s x e b i<br />
erovnul<br />
valutaSi<br />
(aTasi lari)<br />
sesxebi ucxour<br />
valutaSi<br />
(aTasi lari)<br />
12 Tvemde<br />
erovnul<br />
valutaSi gacemul<br />
sesxebze<br />
saprocento<br />
ganakveTebi<br />
12 Tvemde<br />
erovnul<br />
valutaSi gacemul<br />
sesxebze<br />
saprocento<br />
ganakveTebi<br />
12 Tveze meti<br />
vadiT erovnul<br />
valutaSi gacemul<br />
sesxebze<br />
saprocento<br />
ganakveTebi<br />
12 Tveze meti<br />
vadiT erovnul<br />
valutaSi gacemul<br />
sesxebze<br />
saprocento<br />
ganakveTebi<br />
2001 29 89,4 483,0 25 30 17 20<br />
2002 27 96,3 617,5 27 29 13 22<br />
2003 25 95,8 780,1 26 23 19 18<br />
2004 21 138,0 918,0 28 20 21 17<br />
2005 19 409,0 1 420,2 21 22 21 16<br />
2006 17 712,1 2 093,7 20 20 20 16<br />
2007 Ikv 18 766,9 2 354,7 22 21 19 16<br />
2007 IIkv 18 914,7 2 723,2 22 19 19 16<br />
amJamad saqarTveloSi arsebuli baknkebi SesaZlebelia daiyos 3 ZiriTad jgufad:<br />
1.didi bankebis jgufi, romelTa wilad sabanko sistemis mTliani aqtivebis 5%-ze meti modis;<br />
2.saSualo bankebis jgufi, romelTa wilad modis 1-5%;<br />
3.wvrili bankebis jgufi, romelTa wilad modi 15%-ze naklebi.<br />
wlebis ganmavlobaSi saqarTveloSi moqmedi bakebi ZiriTadad upiratesobas aniWebdnen korporatiul da msxvil<br />
klientebs. aRniSnul seqtorze yuradRebis gamaxvileba ar iyo SemTxveviTi. isini mcire da saSualo biznesebTan SedarebiT<br />
naklebi riskis matareblebi iyvenen da flobdnen met likvidul aqtivebs. es damokidebuleba bolo wlebSi<br />
met-naklebad Seicvala, rac gamoiwvia erTis mxriv aseTi klientebis raodenobis Semcirebam da meores mxirv, iseTi<br />
msxvili finansuri organizaciebis gamoCenam bazarze, rogoricaa EBRD, msoflio banki da IFC.<br />
dReisaTvis saqarTveloSi arsebobs finansebis mozidvis mravlferovani saSualebebi, maT Soris sakmad kargad<br />
ganviTarebulia sabanko da mikrosafinanso institutebi. saqarTveloSi arsebuli bankebi momxmarebels sTavazoben<br />
rogorc moklevadian (erT walmde vadiT gacemuli sesxi), aseve grZelvadian sesxebs (weliwadze meti vadiT gacemuli<br />
sesxi).<br />
mTel msoflioSi da maT Soris saqarTveloSic sesxebis gacema xorcieldeba ori kriteriumis gaTvaliswinebiT: 1.<br />
ZiriTadi saSualebebisa da materialuri resursebis arseboba da 2. riskis moculoba. pirveli kriteriumiT gansaz-<br />
Rvra xdeba martivad, resursebi an arsebobs an ara. rac Seexeba riskis dadgenas, es rTuli procesia da ZiriTadaT<br />
iTvaliswinebs ukve arsebuli sesxisa da msesxeblis sakredito da safinanso istoriis Sefasebas. damwyebi biznesis<br />
SemTxvevaSi ar arsebobs aseTi saxis istoria, swored amitom mTels msoflioSi Zalze rTulia sesxis gacema aseTi<br />
tipis biznesze. zemoT aRniSnuli garemoebebidan gamomdinare damwyebi mcire da saSualo biznesisTvis kapitalis<br />
moizidvis ZiriTadaT wyaroebs warmoadgenen megobrebi, naTesavebi, sxvadasxva kompaniebis mflobelebi da sxva. 1<br />
mcire da saSualo zomis sawarmoebze gacemuli sesxebi iyofa mikrosesxebad da saSualo sesxebad. bankebis umravlesoba<br />
orientirebulia mikro sesxebze, romelTa moculoba Seadgens 2 000 dan 50 000 lars, Tumca aRniSnuli<br />
sesxebis meti wili gaicema iuridiul pirebze. sesxiT sargeblobis vadebi umetesad 3-dan 9 Tvemdea da maTi gacema<br />
ZiriTadad xdeba manqana-danadgarebis SesaZenad, sabrunavi saxsrebis Sesavsebad, fiqsirebuli aqtivebis SesaZenad<br />
da sxva.<br />
mcire da saSualo biznesis dafinansebis TvalsazrisiT meore jgufs warmoadgens 50 000-dan 100 000 laramde<br />
moculobis sesxebi. aRniSnul sesxebze bankis saprocento ganakveTi damokidebulia sawarmos saqmianobis saxeze.<br />
iuridiuli pirebze gacemul mcire sesxebze bankebi iTxoven sxvadasxva saxis uzrunvelyofebs, romlebic SesaZloa<br />
iyos : kompaniis kuTvnili qoneba, manqana-danadgarebi, kompaniis damfuZneblis an menejeris piradi qoneba da aseve<br />
mesame piris finansuri garantiebi. rac Seexeba saSualo da msxvil sesxebs, am sesxebis miznobriobidan gamomdinare<br />
uzrunvelyofa moicavs kompaniis uZrav qonebas da sxva ZiriTad saSualebebs, kompaniis likvidur saqonels da materialur<br />
marags da aseve mesame pirTa finansur garantebs.<br />
1 wyaro: saqarTvelos saxelmwifo statistikis departamenti da saqarTvelos erovnuli bankebi.<br />
mikrosesxebi
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