ierusalimis jvris mona ierusalimis jvris monasteri da qarTuli ...
03.06.2013 • Views
Share Embed Flag

ierusalimis jvris mona ierusalimis jvris monasteri da qarTuli ...

ierusalimis jvris mona ierusalimis jvris monasteri da qarTuli ...

ierusalimis jvris mona ierusalimis jvris monasteri da qarTuli ...

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS
ePAPER READ
DOWNLOAD ePAPER
eparchy.batumi.ge

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

START NOW

<strong>ierusalimis</strong> <strong>ierusalimis</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong> <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong> teri<br />

<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>qarTuli</strong> <strong>qarTuli</strong> savaneebi savaneebi wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> miwaze<br />

miwaze

saqarTvelo <strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> miwa<br />

sarCevi<br />

sarCevi<br />

gadmocema cxovelmyofeli <strong>jvris</strong> xis Sesaxeb<br />

<strong>ierusalimis</strong> qarTvelTa <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

gadmocema cxovelmyofeli <strong>da</strong> patiosani <strong>jvris</strong> povnis Sesaxeb<br />

qarTvelebi golgoTaze<br />

madlmosili cecxlis gar<strong>da</strong>mosvla uflis saflavze<br />

<strong>qarTuli</strong> savaneebi wmi<strong>da</strong> miwaze<br />

ierusalimeli mowameni<br />

uflis gzebze<br />

2

saqarTvelo saqarTvelo <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> miwa<br />

miwa<br />

uflis uflis uflis kvarTma kvarTma sulierad sulierad sulierad ga<strong>da</strong>ajaWva ga<strong>da</strong>ajaWva ga<strong>da</strong>ajaWva palestina palestina palestina <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> saqa saqarTvelo,<br />

saqa saqarTvelo,<br />

rTvelo,<br />

aRdgomis aRdgomis aRdgomis ttaZari<br />

tt<br />

Zari Zari <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> sveticxoveli<br />

sveticxoveli<br />

RmrTis gangebam saqarTvelo wmi<strong>da</strong> miwasTan uZvelesi droi<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>akavSira.<br />

qristes Sobamde me-6 saukuneSi babilonis mefe nabuqodonosorma ierusalimi <strong>da</strong>ipyro<br />

<strong>da</strong> miwasTan gaaswora; iudevelTa nawilma samSoblo <strong>da</strong>tova <strong>da</strong> msoflios sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva<br />

qveyanaSi <strong>da</strong>saxl<strong>da</strong>. maTi nawili saqarTveloSic movi<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> mcxeTaSi <strong>da</strong>mkvidr<strong>da</strong>. mema-<br />

tianis gadmocemiT, `maSin nabuqodonosor mefeman warmostyuna ierusalimi <strong>da</strong> muniT<br />

otebulni uriani movides qarTls~. mcxeTaSi gadmosaxlebulma iudevelebma Tan wa-<br />

moiRes ebraelTa erT-erTi udidesi siwmide _ ilia winaswarmetyvelis xaleni, ro-<br />

melic amJamad sveticxovlis taZarSia <strong>da</strong>krZaluli. <strong>ierusalimis</strong> taZris aRdgenis Sem-<br />

deg qarTvel ebraelebs axlo urTierToba hqon<strong>da</strong>T palestinasTan: mcxeTeli mom-<br />

locvelebi paseqsa <strong>da</strong> sxva did dResaswaulebze RmrTismsaxurebas <strong>ierusalimis</strong> ta-<br />

ZarSi eswrebodnen.<br />

Ze RmrTisas gankacebis Semdeg mcxeTel ebraelebs Soris cxare kamaTi imarTe-<br />

bo<strong>da</strong>: vin iyo igi _ mesia Tu iudevelTa mteri. palestini<strong>da</strong>n Camosuli momlocvelebi<br />

ieso qristes swavlebasa <strong>da</strong> mis saswaulebze hyvebodnen; xolo sinedrioni ebraelTa<br />

diasporebs werilebs ugzavni<strong>da</strong>, rom qriste samariteli iyo <strong>da</strong> iudevelobas<br />

ibraleb<strong>da</strong>, raTa qveyanaSi amboxeba moewyo <strong>da</strong> taZari <strong>da</strong>engria.<br />

im mcxeTel ebraelebs Soris, romlebmac iwames qriste, rogorc WeSmariti mesia,<br />

iyo rabini eliozi Tavisi ojaxiT, romelic swored im wels un<strong>da</strong> gamgzavrebuliyo<br />

<strong>ierusalimis</strong> mosalocad, roca macxovari jvars acves. rabinis <strong>da</strong> _ sidonia evedre-<br />

bo<strong>da</strong> mas, rom qristes xeli<strong>da</strong>n raime nivTi wamoeRo, rogorc kurTxeva. man sTxova<br />

Zmas, ar mieRo <strong>mona</strong>wileoba farisevelTa <strong>da</strong> uxucesTa SeTqmulebaSi mesiis winaaRmdeg.<br />

ierusalimSi eliozi paseqis win, qristes jvarcmis dRes Cavi<strong>da</strong>. man sasjelis aRmas-<br />

rulebel meomarTagan qristes kvarTi gamoisyi<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> mcxeTaSi Camoitana. sidonia Zmas<br />

qalaqis karibWesTan <strong>da</strong>xv<strong>da</strong>. roca macxovris jvarcmis saSineli ambavi Seityo, man<br />

kvarTi aiRo, gulSi Caikra <strong>da</strong> iqve ganuteva suli. veraviTarma Zalam ver gamoglija<br />

micvalebuls kvarTi xeli<strong>da</strong>n. igi kvarTTan erTad <strong>da</strong>krZales samefo baRSi. im<br />

adgilze amovi<strong>da</strong> veeberTela ke<strong>da</strong>ri, romlis wiwvebsac kurnebis Zala hqon<strong>da</strong>. Sem-<br />

dgomSi aq sveticxovlis didebuli taZari aigo.<br />

arqimandriti rafaeli wers: `uflis kvarTi, rogorc samefo samyofelSi, ise<br />

inaxebo<strong>da</strong> sveticxovlis taZarSi. is SeiZleba Seva<strong>da</strong>roT sulier mzes, miwis wiaRi<strong>da</strong>n<br />

uxilavi sxivebis maSuqebels, an<strong>da</strong> miwisqveSa wyaros, yvavilTa <strong>da</strong> mcenareTa fesvebis<br />

uxilavad mkvebavs. es kvarTi yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> RmrTismSoblis xeliTaa naqsovi <strong>da</strong> geT-<br />

samaniis baRi<strong>da</strong>n golgoTamde mavali macxovris sisxliTaa gamTbari. am siwmidis gamo<br />

mcxeTa iwodeba meore ierusalimad. sveticxovlis taZris SigniT samlocveloa aSe-<br />

nebuli; formiT igi waagavs im samlocvelos, romelic imperatorma konstantinem aago<br />

macxovris saflavze <strong>ierusalimis</strong> aRdgomis taZarSi. ierusalimi<strong>da</strong>n mcxeTaSi Camo-<br />

tanilma uflis kvarTma sulierad ga<strong>da</strong>ajaWva palestina <strong>da</strong> saqarTvelo, aRdgomis ta-<br />

Zari <strong>da</strong> sveticxoveli~.<br />

3

`wilxdomili `wilxdomili `wilxdomili Seni Seni Seni qveyana qveyana qveyana ganaTld ganaTldebis ganaTld ganaTld bis bis momavalSi,<br />

momavalSi,<br />

momavalSi,<br />

Seni Seni Seni meufeba meufeba ganemtkicebis ganemtkicebis ganemtkicebis iq~ iq~<br />

iq~<br />

macxovris mkvdreTiT aRdgomisa <strong>da</strong> zecad amaRlebis Semdeg wmi<strong>da</strong> mociqulebi<br />

ierusalimSi sionis mTaze Seikribnen <strong>da</strong> uflis sityvisaebr moelodnen nugeSinismce-<br />

mels _ suliwmi<strong>da</strong>s. qristes mociqulebma ganizraxes wili eyaraT, Tu vis romel qvey-<br />

anaSi eqa<strong>da</strong>ga saxareba. RmrTis de<strong>da</strong>m uTxra maT: `mec mnebavs TqvenTan erTad viyaro<br />

wili. <strong>da</strong>e, mec mergos qveyana, romelsac mimiTiTebs ufali~. mociqulebma krZalule-<br />

biTa <strong>da</strong> RmrTis SiSiT hyares wili <strong>da</strong> RmrTismSobels wilad xv<strong>da</strong> iveria. yov-<br />

ladwmi<strong>da</strong> qalwulma sixaruliT miiRo Tavisi xvedri <strong>da</strong> suliwmidis gar<strong>da</strong>mosvlis-<br />

Tanave isurva wamosuliyo saqarTveloSi, magram mas uflis angelozi gamoecxa<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong><br />

auwya: `aw nu ganeSorebi ierusalims, wilxdomili Seni qveyana ganaTldebis momavalSi,<br />

Seni meufeba ganemtkicebis iq~. maSin RmrTismSobelma andria mociquls <strong>da</strong>avala iv-<br />

eriis mkvidrTa moqceva, Semwed <strong>da</strong> nugeSad ki mihmadla xelTuqmneli xati, romelzec<br />

misi saxe iyo aRbeWdili.<br />

qristes naTeli <strong>da</strong> yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> RmrTismSoblis kurTxeva pirvelad saqarTvelos<br />

ZirZvel kuTxes _ aWaras moefina. ,,qarTlis cxovrebis” Tanaxmad, andria mociquli<br />

,,Sevi<strong>da</strong> queyanasa qarTlisasa, romelsa did-aWara ewodebis <strong>da</strong> iwyo qa<strong>da</strong>geba saxare-<br />

bisa~. mraval WirTa <strong>da</strong> gansacdelTa <strong>da</strong>Tmenis Semdeg mociqulma am kuTxis mkvidrni<br />

WeSmarit sarwmunoebaze moaqcia <strong>da</strong> naTel-sca maT. man <strong>da</strong>adgina mRvdelni <strong>da</strong> diakonni<br />

<strong>da</strong> aRaSena eklesia RmrTismSoblis saxelze, im adgilze ki, sa<strong>da</strong>c RmrTis dedis<br />

xelTuqmneli xati <strong>da</strong>asvena, `aRmoecena wyaro friad Suenieri <strong>da</strong> didi”. wmi<strong>da</strong> mo-<br />

ciqulma did-aWarelTa mxurvale TxovniT ficarze gamosaxa saxe xatisa <strong>da</strong> maTTan<br />

<strong>da</strong>tova, Tavad ki saqarTvelos sxva kuTxeebSi saqa<strong>da</strong>geblad gaemgzavra. gadmocemiT,<br />

andria pirvelwodebulma yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> RmrTismSoblis xati mis mier samxreT-<br />

<strong>da</strong>savleT saqarTveloSi, qalaq awyurSi <strong>da</strong>arsebul saepiskoposo kaTedras uboZa, sa-<br />

<strong>da</strong>c igi meCvidmete saukunemde ganisveneb<strong>da</strong>, ris Semdegac xati gauCinar<strong>da</strong>. Cveni qveynis<br />

sxva kuTxeSi, samegreloSi inaxeba kidev erTi udidesi siwmide _ yovladwmi<strong>da</strong><br />

RmrTismSoblis kvarTi, romelic, savaraudod, Camoitanes Turqebis mier konstantino-<br />

polis aRebis Semdeg saqarTveloSi gadmoxvewilma berZenma ber-<strong>mona</strong>zvnebma.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> andriasTan erTad iveriis mkvidrT RmrTis sityva axares mociqulebma svi-<br />

mon kananelma, mataTam <strong>da</strong> barTlomem. svimonma jvarze tanjva-wamebiT sikvdili <strong>da</strong>iT-<br />

mina afxazeTSi, qalaq nikofsiaSi, msgavsad uflisa Cvenisa ieso qristesi <strong>da</strong> iqvea<br />

<strong>da</strong>krZaluli. aWaraSi, gonios cixe-simagreSi ki aris saflavi wmi<strong>da</strong> mataTasi, romel-<br />

mac qristianobaze moaqcia afxazebi <strong>da</strong> svanebi. rac Seexeba barTlome mociquls, man<br />

iqa<strong>da</strong>ga samxreT-aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi.<br />

...maradis ...maradis qalwulma qalwulma qalwulma ki ki ga<strong>da</strong>sca ga<strong>da</strong>sca mas mas jvari jvari vazisa vazisa<br />

vazisa<br />

ganvlo samma saukunem <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>dga uflis mier Tavisi yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> dedisadmi mice-<br />

muli aRTqmis aRsrulebis Jami. RmrTismSoblis wilxvedri qveynis mkvidrTa WeSmarit<br />

sarwmunoebaze mosaqcevad ufalma kapadokieli qalwuli nino gamoirCia.<br />

RmrTis gangebiT iveriis moqceva isev wmi<strong>da</strong> qalaq ierusalims <strong>da</strong>ukavSir<strong>da</strong>.<br />

rodesac nino Tormeti wlis Seiqna, misma mSoblebma, Rirsma zabulonma <strong>da</strong> sosanam,<br />

4

mTeli qoneba gayides, ierusalimSi wavidnen <strong>da</strong> yovelive glaxakebs <strong>da</strong>uriges, ris<br />

Semdegac patriarqis locva-kurTxeviT erTmaneTs gamoeTxovnen, asuli aRsazrdelad<br />

vinme niafors <strong>da</strong>utoves, Tavad ki qristes uReli itvirTes. ori wlis manZilze iyo<br />

nino niaforis gverdiT <strong>da</strong> `hkiTxvi<strong>da</strong> yovladve vnebaTa maTTvis qristesTa: jvarcmisa,<br />

<strong>da</strong>flvisa <strong>da</strong> aRdgomisa misisa <strong>da</strong> samoslisa mis <strong>da</strong> tiloTa <strong>da</strong> su<strong>da</strong>risa, <strong>da</strong> jvarisa~.<br />

swored misgan Seityo ninom, rogor waiRes uflis kvarTi ierusalimi<strong>da</strong>n mcxeTaSi <strong>da</strong><br />

moisurva wasuliyo im qveyanaSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c ganisveneb<strong>da</strong> es didi siwmide, moenaxa sidonias<br />

saflavi, Tayvani eca qristes samoslisaTvis <strong>da</strong> WeSmariti sarwmunoeba eqa<strong>da</strong>ga iveriis<br />

mkvidrTaTvis. ufali araerTxel gamoecxa<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> ninos <strong>da</strong> samociqulo msaxurebaze<br />

akurTxa, maradis qalwulma ki ga<strong>da</strong>sca mas jvari vazisa.<br />

<strong>ierusalimis</strong> patriarqis iubenalis locva-kurTxeviT qalwuli nino jer romSi<br />

gaemgzavra wmi<strong>da</strong> mociqulTaswor dedofal elenes WeSmarit rwmenaSi gansamtkice-<br />

blad. nino sikvdils pirispir Sexv<strong>da</strong> somxeTSi, roca Tr<strong>da</strong>t mefis msaxurebma<br />

umowyalod <strong>da</strong>xoces misi sulieri debi. magram ufali mowameobrivi gvirgvinis nacv-<br />

lad mas sxva _ mociqulis ubrwyinvales gvirgvins umzadeb<strong>da</strong>. aRsrul<strong>da</strong> RmrTis<br />

sityvebi: `Zali Cemi uZlurebasa Sina srul-iqmnebis~. uZlur qalwulSi <strong>da</strong>mkvidre-<br />

bulma RmrTis Zalam Semusra warmarToba iveriaSi, aRuxila Tvalni bnelSi maval<br />

qarTvelT <strong>da</strong> WeSmaritebis Semecnebis Rirsi gaxa<strong>da</strong>. aragvis ankara wylebSi, viTarca<br />

embazSi, naTelRebuli saqarTvelo <strong>da</strong>emsgavsa sZals, romelic idga gvirgvinis qveS,<br />

qaTqaTa samosliT Semosiliyo <strong>da</strong> zeciuri simSvenieriT brwyinav<strong>da</strong>. mefe miriani <strong>da</strong><br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> nino berZen xuroTmoZRvarTa <strong>da</strong>xmarebiT Seudgnen taZris mSeneblobas im<br />

adgilze, sa<strong>da</strong>c sidonias mkerdze, viTarca sameufo taxtze, macxovris kvarTi ganisve-<br />

neb<strong>da</strong>.<br />

guli guli uTqumi<strong>da</strong> uTqumi<strong>da</strong> netarsa netarsa netarsa mas mas mislvad mislvad ierusalemad<br />

ierusalemad<br />

<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> Tayuanis Tayuanis-cemad Tayuanis Tayuanis cemad wmidisa golgoTisa<br />

qristes sarwmunoebas Sedgomili qarTveli eris SvilebisTvis sanatreli Seiqna<br />

is qalaqi, sa<strong>da</strong>c ufalma <strong>da</strong>iTmina jvarze vneba <strong>da</strong> sikvdili <strong>da</strong> mkvdreTiT aRdgomiT<br />

mogvaniWa saukuno cxovreba. keTilmorwmune qarTvels mu<strong>da</strong>m ewa<strong>da</strong> ierusalimSi<br />

gamgzavreba <strong>da</strong> misi siwmideebis molocva.<br />

erT-erT pirveli iyo wmi<strong>da</strong> mefe vaxtang gorgasali. mematianis gadmocemiT, `vax-<br />

tangs evedrnes de<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>Á misi xuaranZe, raTa waritannes Tana <strong>da</strong> ilocon ierusa-<br />

lems. waritanna <strong>da</strong> warvides... vaxtang <strong>da</strong> de<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>Á misi ierusalems. Sevides <strong>da</strong><br />

iloces wmi<strong>da</strong>sa aRdgomasa, <strong>da</strong> moilocnes yovelni adgilni, <strong>da</strong> Seevedrnes wmi<strong>da</strong>sa<br />

aRdgomasa, Sewires Sesawiravi didi <strong>da</strong> warmovides~.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> mowame konstanti kaxis ocneba ierusalims wasvla <strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> adgilebis mo-<br />

locva iyo: `guli uTqumi<strong>da</strong> netarsa mas mislvad ierusalemad <strong>da</strong> Tayuanis-cemad<br />

wmidisa golgoTisa, sa<strong>da</strong>-igi iqmna ganaxlebaÁ Cueni marjuenisagan maRlisa <strong>da</strong> naT-<br />

liT-Semosilisa <strong>da</strong> cxovrebis-momcemelisa saflavisa <strong>da</strong> wmidisa sionisa, dedisa ek-<br />

lesiaTaÁsa, <strong>da</strong> yovelTa wmi<strong>da</strong>Ta adgilTa, romelTa <strong>da</strong>dges ferÃni uflisani~. igi<br />

marTlac gaemgzavra <strong>da</strong> `moilocna wmi<strong>da</strong>ni adgilni <strong>da</strong> safase did-Zali misca ekle-<br />

siaTa, glaxakTa <strong>da</strong> mkvidrTa <strong>ierusalimis</strong>aTa~. samSobloSi <strong>da</strong>brunebuli ar iviwyeb<strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>ierusalimis</strong> siwmideebs <strong>da</strong> yovel weliwads iq msaxurs agzavni<strong>da</strong> didZali SesawiriT.<br />

5

RmrTismSobelma RmrTismSobelma RmrTismSobelma mas mas mas samSobloSi samSobloSi samSobloSi <strong>da</strong>bruneb <strong>da</strong>bruneba <strong>da</strong>bruneb <strong>da</strong>bruneba<br />

a ubrZana ubrZana<br />

ubrZana<br />

erTxel garejis u<strong>da</strong>bnoSi moRvawe Rirs ilarion qarTvels wmi<strong>da</strong> adgilTa Tay-<br />

vaniscemis survili <strong>da</strong>eufla, `wariyvana ZmaÁ erTi <strong>da</strong> waremarTa igi wmi<strong>da</strong>d qalaqad<br />

ierusalimad~. moiloca Rirsma mamam wmi<strong>da</strong> miwa, Tayvani sca golgoTas <strong>da</strong> cxovel-<br />

myofel saflavs, Semdeg gaemarTa beTlems <strong>da</strong> ixila mRvime, sa<strong>da</strong>c iSva ufali ieso<br />

qriste. ganibana ior<strong>da</strong>neSi <strong>da</strong> moiloca wmi<strong>da</strong> sabas lavra <strong>da</strong> sxva <strong>mona</strong>strebi. ganmar-<br />

toebuli cxovrebisa <strong>da</strong> ganuSoreblad zeciur mamasTan saubris msurvelma ramdenime<br />

weli gaatara im mRvimeSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c Tavs afareb<strong>da</strong> ilia winaswarmetyveli, Semdeg ki<br />

iRvwo<strong>da</strong> ioane naTlismcemeli.<br />

erT Rames, roca wmi<strong>da</strong> ilarionma locvis kanoni aRasrula <strong>da</strong> CaTvlima, hqon<strong>da</strong><br />

Cveneba, rom zeTisxilis mTaze iqna atacebuli <strong>da</strong> ixila yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> RmrTismSobeli<br />

<strong>da</strong> mis winaSe mdgomare Tormeti brwyinvale kaci. RmrTismSobelma mas samSobloSi<br />

<strong>da</strong>bruneba ubrZana. <strong>da</strong> gamoemarTa Rirsi mama Tavisi qveynisken, rogorc mose miiqca<br />

egvipted, raTa <strong>da</strong>xmarebo<strong>da</strong> uxilav faraons <strong>da</strong>monebul TanamoZmeebs.<br />

`Seni `Seni sarwmunoebiT sarwmunoebiT wagiRia wagiRia Cemi Cemi qalaqis, qalaqis, wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> ierusa <strong>ierusalimis</strong> ierusa limis madli~<br />

madli~<br />

saRmrTo survilma Rirsi <strong>da</strong>viT garejeli wmi<strong>da</strong> qalaq <strong>ierusalimis</strong> mosalocad<br />

aRZra. xangrZlivi mgzavrobis Semdeg mis Tvalwin RmrTis qalaqi ga<strong>da</strong>iSala. wmi<strong>da</strong>nma<br />

muxli moiyara, dideba Seswira ufals <strong>da</strong> Tvalcremlianma warmoTqva: `aw ar vikadreb<br />

gzis gangrZobas, raTa Cemi codvili fexebiT ar Seuracxvyo Sens wmi<strong>da</strong> ferxTagan<br />

kurTxeuli alagni; CemTvis sakmarisia is madlic, rom Cemi uRirsi TvalebiT vixile<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> adgilebi”. mxurvale locva-vedrebis Semdeg Rirsma mamam aiRo sami qva, rwmeniT<br />

Caalaga Tavis xurjinSi <strong>da</strong> garejis u<strong>da</strong>bnosken aiRo gezi.<br />

imave RamiT RmerTma <strong>ierusalimis</strong> patriarq ilias miuvlina angelozi, romelmac<br />

auwya: `Cemma sayvarelma <strong>da</strong>viTma Tavisi rwmeniT waiRo <strong>ierusalimis</strong> madli. waravline<br />

malemsrbolni, raTa <strong>da</strong>ewion qalaq naSolis gzaze mimaval ZonZebiT mosils bers. mas<br />

xurjinSi sami qva udevs. ubrZane malemsrbolT, gamoarTvan ori qva, mxolod erTi<br />

<strong>da</strong>utovon <strong>da</strong> uTxran: amas gibrZanebs ufali _ Seni sarwmunoebiT wagiRia Cemi qalaqis,<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> <strong>ierusalimis</strong> madli; me ki vinebe, ori nawili <strong>da</strong>vabruno ierusalimSi, raTa<br />

sruliad ar moakldes mas madli, xolo mesame SenTvis mominiWebia Sens u<strong>da</strong>bnoSi wa-<br />

saRebad”.<br />

gaocebulma patriarqma saswrafod wargzavna malemsrbolni, romlebic <strong>da</strong>ewivnen<br />

Rirs mamas <strong>da</strong> mokrZalebiT gamoarTves ori qva. Rirsma <strong>da</strong>viTma ki ramdenime xanSi ud-<br />

abnos miaRwia <strong>da</strong> nugeSi mihmadla sulier samwysos. male ierusalimi<strong>da</strong>n momlocveli<br />

Zmebic <strong>da</strong>brundnen <strong>da</strong> yvelas uambes, rac ixiles <strong>da</strong> esmaT mama <strong>da</strong>viTis Sesaxeb. Rirsi<br />

mamis mier ierusalimi<strong>da</strong>n CamobrZanebul qvas ki ewo<strong>da</strong> `madlis qva”. igi saukuneebis<br />

manZilze sarwmunoebiT SemxebelT madlmosil kurnebas aniWeb<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> sxva mraval sas-<br />

waulsac aRasruleb<strong>da</strong>.<br />

6

gonebis gonebis TvaliT TvaliT TvaliT giorgi giorgi TiTqos TiTqos TiTqos Tavad Tavad Tavad ufals ufals ufals xe<strong>da</strong>v<strong>da</strong> xe<strong>da</strong>v<strong>da</strong><br />

xe<strong>da</strong>v<strong>da</strong><br />

rodesac Rirsi giorgi mTawmidelis moZRvarma, giorgi Seyenebulma ixila Tavisi<br />

mowafis sibrZniTa <strong>da</strong> gonierebiT Semkuli suli, oc<strong>da</strong>aTi wlis giorgis sqema Semosa<br />

<strong>da</strong> ierusalimSi wargzavna. wmi<strong>da</strong> qalaqs miwevnulma netarma mamam moiloca yvela<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> Tayvanissacemeli adgili `sulisa surviliTa <strong>da</strong> gonebisa simxurvaliTa, <strong>da</strong><br />

maradis cremlTa mier ivltobin, ixsenebn raÁ vnebaTa meufisaTa, romelni-igi man<br />

Cvenisa cxorebisaTvis adgilTa maT Sina wmi<strong>da</strong>Ta Tavs isxna~. gonebis TvaliT giorgi<br />

TiTqos Tavad ufals xe<strong>da</strong>v<strong>da</strong>. mcire xnis Semdeg igi Tavis moZRvarTan <strong>da</strong>brun<strong>da</strong>.<br />

Rirsi mama meored ierusalims bagrat IV dedis, dedofal mariamis <strong>da</strong>valebiT<br />

wavi<strong>da</strong>. man erT-erTi mowafe waiyvana Tan <strong>da</strong> mariamis mier gatanebuli didZali<br />

SesawiraviT ierusalims mivi<strong>da</strong>; `<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong>ni igi adgilni moilocna <strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong>Ta mamaTa<br />

locvaÁ miiRo <strong>da</strong> safase igi warcemuli yovelTa naklulevanTa <strong>da</strong> uRonoTa uxuebiT<br />

ganuyo~. netarma giorgim Sesawiravis didi nawili <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris aRmSenebels,<br />

giorgi-proxores ga<strong>da</strong>sca <strong>da</strong> kvlav Sav mTaze <strong>da</strong>brun<strong>da</strong>.<br />

`sxua `sxua mefe mefe ara ara uflebul uflebul ars ars Cuen Cuen ze<strong>da</strong>,<br />

ze<strong>da</strong>,<br />

garna garna garna meufe meufe meufe igi igi zzecaTa<br />

z caTa ufali ufali Cueni Cueni ieso ieso qriste~ qriste~<br />

qriste~<br />

saqarTvelosa <strong>da</strong> <strong>ierusalimis</strong> eklesiebis sulieri siaxlovis <strong>da</strong>ma<strong>da</strong>sturebelia<br />

is garemoebac, rom Cvens eklesiaSi meaTe saukunis <strong>da</strong>mlevamde moqmedeb<strong>da</strong> <strong>ierusalimis</strong><br />

eklesiaSi <strong>da</strong>mkvidrebuli tipikoni. Rirsma grigol xanZTelma Tavisi axlad<strong>da</strong>arse-<br />

buli <strong>mona</strong>stris wesdeba ganawesa sabawmidis savanis tipikonis msgavsad, romlis Camo-<br />

tanac ierusalimSi mosalocad mimaval megobars Txova. Tu raoden didi iyo CvenSi<br />

<strong>ierusalimis</strong> eklesiisa <strong>da</strong> misi patriarqisadmi pativiscema, Cans giorgi merCulis mier<br />

grigol xanZTelis gar<strong>da</strong>cvalebis drois aRniSvni<strong>da</strong>n: `xolo iyo gar<strong>da</strong>cvalebaÁ<br />

netarisa mamisa Cvenisa grigolisi... ierusalems patriarqobasa agaTonissa, mcxeTas<br />

kaTalikozobasa miqelissa...~<br />

saqarTveloSi mironi, sxva qristianuli qveynebis msgavsad, ierusalimi<strong>da</strong>n<br />

Camohqon<strong>da</strong>T. wmi<strong>da</strong> efrem mawyverelis, Rirsi grigol xanZTelis mowafis, ZalisxmeviT<br />

saqarTvelos eklesiam <strong>ierusalimis</strong> patriarqis sergis TanxmobiT mironis kurTxevis<br />

ufleba miiRo: `xolo efrem qristes mieriTa brZanebiTa mihronisa kurTxevaÁ qarTls<br />

ganawesa ierusalemisa patriarqisa ganwesebiTa <strong>da</strong> wamebiTa sixaruliT~.<br />

qarTvelTa mier wmi<strong>da</strong> miwis gansakuTrebul Tayvaniscemasa <strong>da</strong> siyvarulze mety-<br />

velebs isic, rom saqarTveloSi bevr eklesia-<strong>mona</strong>stersa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>saxlebul adgils hqvia<br />

ieso qristes amqveyniur cxovrebasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli saxeli: beTlemi _ TbilisSi,<br />

xevSi, qvemo qarTlSi, beTania _ <strong>mona</strong>steri Tbilisis axlos, Tabori _ TbilisSi,<br />

cageris raionSi, jvari (<strong>ierusalimis</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris mixedviT) _ TbilisSi, walen-<br />

jixaSi, aRdgoma (<strong>ierusalimis</strong> aRdgomis eklesiis mixedviT) _ sofeli kaxeTSi, amaR-<br />

leba _ sofeli guriaSi. `meore ierusalimad~ wodebul mcxeTaSi iyo beTlemi, Tabori,<br />

beTania, geTsamania, golgoTa. rodesac wmi<strong>da</strong> mefe vaxtang gorgasalma sveticxovlis<br />

taZari xelaxla aRaSena <strong>da</strong> igi `de<strong>da</strong>Á yovelTa eklesiaTa~-d gamoacxa<strong>da</strong>, mas `wmi<strong>da</strong><br />

sioni~ ewo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>ierusalimis</strong> sioniviT mociqulTa saxelobisa gax<strong>da</strong>. saqarTveloSi<br />

7

kidev ramdenime sionis taZaria: TbilisSi RmrTismSoblis miZinebis sapatriarqo ta-<br />

Zari, sioni bolnisSi, TeTriwyaroSi, atenSi.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> miwisadmi didi mowiwebiTa <strong>da</strong> mzrunvelobiT gamoirCeodnen saqarTvelos<br />

mefeni. amis Sesaxeb <strong>da</strong>wvrilebiT Semdeg TavebSi giambobT. aq mxolod imas aRvniSnavT,<br />

rom bagrationni `matiane qarTlisaÁ~-s mowmobiT arian `naTesavni <strong>da</strong>viT winaswar-<br />

metyuelisani, romeli-igi xorcielad mamad RmrTisa iwo<strong>da</strong>~. Tavad qarTveli mefeebi<br />

yovelTvis xazs usvamdnen, rom isini iyvnen <strong>da</strong>viT winaswarmetyvelis mamis, ieses, <strong>da</strong>vi-<br />

Tisa <strong>da</strong> misi vaJis, solomonis Camomavalni: `Cuen, mefeT-mefeman, iesian, <strong>da</strong>viTian,<br />

solomonian, bagrationman...~ bibliur samyarosTan bagrationTa naTesaobas mowmob<strong>da</strong><br />

maTi sagvareulo gerbic, romelzec gamosaxuli iyo Surduli (mosagoneblad imisa,<br />

rom misiT <strong>da</strong>viTma mokla goliaTi), agreTve qnari, saswori <strong>da</strong> kvarTi qristesi. ger-<br />

bis garSemo warweraa <strong>da</strong>viTis fsalmunisa: `efuca ufali <strong>da</strong>viTs WeSmaritebiTa <strong>da</strong> ara<br />

Seuracx-yos igi; nayofisagan muclisa Senisa <strong>da</strong>vsua say<strong>da</strong>rTa SenTa~.<br />

sagulisxmoa giorgi VII pasuxi Temur-lengis moTxovnaze, rom saqarTvelos mefe<br />

mis<strong>da</strong>mi monur morCilebaSi yofiliyo: `ese uwyode, rameTu me mefobisa Senisa ara um-<br />

cires var, arca u<strong>da</strong>res. ara uwyia, rameTu ZirTagan <strong>da</strong>viT winaswarmetyvelisaTa aR-<br />

mocenebul varT, <strong>da</strong> mis gamo RmrTisa mier cxebiT ganegebis Cuen bagratoanTa <strong>da</strong><br />

tomni varT <strong>da</strong>viT mefisa <strong>da</strong> winaswarmetyvelisa?.. amisTvisca gangebiTa mravalmowyal-<br />

isa RmrTisaTa mefed <strong>da</strong>mkvidrebul varT sruliad saqarTvelosa ze<strong>da</strong>, <strong>da</strong> esreT gan-<br />

Tavisuflebul varT, <strong>da</strong> sxua mefe ara uflebul ars Cuen ze<strong>da</strong>, garna meufe igi ze-<br />

caTa ufali Cueni ieso qriste~.<br />

ai, aseTi sulieri siaxlove hqon<strong>da</strong> saqarTvelos wmi<strong>da</strong> miwasTan. am siaxlovis<br />

<strong>da</strong>sturi iyo is, rom bevri Cveni winapari miemgzavrebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> dResac miemgzavrebian<br />

qarTvelni palestinis siwmideebis mosalocad. `xolo sanugeSeblad mravalTa qarT-<br />

velTa, _ ambobs dekanozi petre konWoSvili, _ mosurneTa molocvisa qriste macxov-<br />

ris cxovelmyofelis saflavisa <strong>da</strong> sxvaTa siwmideTa palestinisaTa, romelTac nivTi-<br />

eri SeZleba xels ar uwyobs im siSorezed mgzavrobisaTvis, maT qristes moyvareTa <strong>da</strong><br />

mosavTa movaxseneb SemdegTa sityvaTa RirsTa mamaTasa: `sasiqadulo is ki ar aris,<br />

rom moixilo iesrusalimi, aramed raTamca icxovro iesrusalimSi saTnoebiTa. nu war-<br />

moidgen, rom Seni cxovreba saSiSs mdgomareobaSia mxolod imisaTvis, rom Sen ar<br />

gixilavs ierusalimi, <strong>da</strong> nu CamTvli me umjobesad amisaTvis mxolod, rom me iq<br />

vscxovreb. sa<strong>da</strong>c un<strong>da</strong> iyo Sen _ iq anu aq, sasyideli ganizomeba RmrTisa mier saqmee-<br />

biTa~.<br />

8

gadmocema gadmocema cxovelmyofeli cxovelmyofeli <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> xis xis Sesaxeb Sesaxeb<br />

Sesaxeb<br />

cxovelmyofeli <strong>jvris</strong> xis istoria <strong>da</strong>sabams Zveli aRTqmis mamaTmTavris,<br />

abraamisa, <strong>da</strong> misi diswulis, loTis, cxovrebi<strong>da</strong>n iRebs.<br />

marTali loTi xangrZlivi drois ganmavlobaSi cxovrob<strong>da</strong> sodomSi _ garyvnil<br />

<strong>da</strong> RmrTisgan <strong>da</strong>wyevlil qalaqSi. magram loTis cxovrebaSi mox<strong>da</strong> saSineleba: igi<br />

arnaxuli codviT <strong>da</strong>eca. sinanulSi Cavardnili abraams evedrebo<strong>da</strong>, RmrTisgan misTvis<br />

patieba gamoeTxova. wmi<strong>da</strong> abraamma loTs misca sami gamxmari toti _ saros, fiWvis <strong>da</strong><br />

naZvisa <strong>da</strong> uTxra: `<strong>da</strong>rge isini erTmaneTis gverdiT <strong>da</strong> yoveldRe morwye kedronis<br />

wyliT. Tu es totebi ayvavdeba, maSin CaTvale, rom RmerTma Segindo~.<br />

loTma <strong>da</strong>rgo es totebi. yoveldRe midio<strong>da</strong> igi mdinare kedronTan, Tixis doqiT<br />

iReb<strong>da</strong> wyals <strong>da</strong> mTaze ahqon<strong>da</strong>. gzaze mas ekal-bardebSi uxdebo<strong>da</strong> gavla, ris gamoc<br />

sxeuli sul <strong>da</strong>sisxlianebuli hqon<strong>da</strong>.<br />

erTxelac am ukacriel adgilas viRac ucnobi Semoxv<strong>da</strong>. man hkiTxa loTs: `wyals<br />

xom ver <strong>da</strong>malevinebdi?~ loTma upasuxa: `mSoblebma mcnebad <strong>da</strong>mides _ <strong>da</strong>vapuro<br />

mSieri, Seviwynaro mwiri <strong>da</strong> wyali mivawodo mwyurvals; Sesvi, Zmao~. ucnobmac aiRo<br />

doqi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>lia wyali.<br />

roca loTi totebis mosarwyavad mivi<strong>da</strong>, naxa, rom doqi carieli iyo. ucnobs<br />

erTi sulis moTqmiT <strong>da</strong>ecala WurWeli.<br />

gavi<strong>da</strong> dro. totebis mosarwyavad mimaval loTs isev Sexv<strong>da</strong> is ucnobi <strong>da</strong> wyali<br />

mosTxova. loTi yoymanob<strong>da</strong>, magram igi mcnebas ver <strong>da</strong>arRvev<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> kvlav <strong>da</strong>alevina<br />

wyali. doqi <strong>da</strong>cariel<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> loTs totebis morwyva sakuTari cremlebiT moux<strong>da</strong>.<br />

loTma yovelive abraams uambo. abraamma gaakeTa kadoni <strong>jvris</strong> saxiT <strong>da</strong> uTxra<br />

diswuls: `Seni doqi amiT ga<strong>da</strong>xure <strong>da</strong> rodesac is ucnobi Segxvdeba, miawode <strong>da</strong> uTx-<br />

ari, rom Sesvas, <strong>da</strong> vnaxoT, mere ra moxdeba~.<br />

loTi asec moiqca. ucnobma aiRo doqi wylis <strong>da</strong>salevad <strong>da</strong> roca mas Tavi axa<strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong> Sig xis jvari <strong>da</strong>inaxa, myisve yviriliT mowy<strong>da</strong> adgils.<br />

abraamma Tqva: `es eSmaki iyo. <strong>da</strong>imaxsovre, Tu risi eSinia bneleTis suls~.<br />

gavi<strong>da</strong> sami weliwadi, totebi gacocxl<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> erT tanad SeerT<strong>da</strong>. am xem bevri<br />

mnaxveli gaakvirva. mefe solomons masze uTqvams: `kurTxeulia es xe, misgan xalxebi<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>rCebian~.<br />

<strong>ierusalimis</strong> taZris agebisas xes samSeneblo masalad gamoyenebas upirebdnen. igi<br />

moWres, magram gaugebari mizeziT aRar gamoiyenes <strong>da</strong> taZris kedlebTan miagdes.<br />

mogvianebiT misgan xidi gaakeTes taZarTan axlos Camaval nakadulze<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>sasvlelad. am xidiT aswlobiT sargeblobdnen a<strong>da</strong>mianebi. igi aTiaTasobiT kacma<br />

gaTela. xe saukunovani mtvriTa <strong>da</strong> talaxiT iyo <strong>da</strong>faruli.<br />

roca uflis jvarcmis drom moawia, misma mtrebma ieso qristes Seuracxyofis<br />

mizniT swored am SebRaluli xisgan ga<strong>da</strong>wyvites <strong>jvris</strong> gakeTeba.<br />

ieso qristem jvarze aitana Cveni sulieri bilwebani <strong>da</strong> warxoca isini. macxovris<br />

jvarcmis Semdgom misi jvari avazakTa jvrebTan erTad Rrma TxrilSi <strong>da</strong>fles. amis<br />

Semdeg golgoTaze jvarcma aRar aRsrulebula.<br />

9

<strong>ierusalimis</strong> <strong>ierusalimis</strong> <strong>ierusalimis</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

`CemiTa `CemiTa `CemiTa aq aq aq moslviTa moslviTa moslviTa pirv pirvelad pirv pirv lad lad gamomixsnia gamomixsnia gamomixsnia ierusalemi, ierusalemi, ierusalemi, wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> qalaqi~ qalaqi~<br />

qalaqi~<br />

<strong>ierusalimis</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris <strong>da</strong>arseba saqarTvelos pirvel qristian mefesTan,<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> mirianTan, aris <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli. gadmocemiT, man Rirsi ninos TxovniT jer mefe<br />

konstantine moinaxula, Semdeg ierusalimSi gaemgzavra <strong>da</strong> iq taZris asaSeneblad<br />

adgili moipova. es swored is adgili iyo, sa<strong>da</strong>c xarob<strong>da</strong> loTis mier <strong>da</strong>nergili <strong>da</strong><br />

erT did xed aRmocenebuli saro, fiWvi <strong>da</strong> naZvi. <strong>mona</strong>stris sakrebulo eklesiaSi<br />

dRemde <strong>da</strong>culia mokveTili xis Ziri.<br />

mirianis Semdgom saqarTvelos saxelovani mefe wmi<strong>da</strong> vaxtang gorgasali didZali<br />

mxedrobiT mosula wmi<strong>da</strong> miwaze; ierusalimi<strong>da</strong>n ganudevnia usjuloni <strong>da</strong> mravali<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steric aRuSenebia. mematianis gadmocemiT, ai, ra uTqvams vaxtangs sindTa mefisT-<br />

vis: `rameTu CemiTa aq moslviTa pirvelad gamomixsnia ierusalemi, wmi<strong>da</strong> qalaqi, sa<strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong>dges ferxni uflisa Cuenisa ieso qristesni, <strong>da</strong> mun aRasrula yovelive xsnisaTvis<br />

sulTa CuenTasa. <strong>da</strong> Semdgomad yoveli saqristiano <strong>da</strong>mixsnia mooxrebisagan, rameTu<br />

miscemo<strong>da</strong> Jami sparsTa mefesa motyuenvad yovlisa saqristianosa~.<br />

qarTvelebs ierusalimi <strong>da</strong> mTlianad palestina didi xnis ganmavlobaSi ekavaT.<br />

vaxtang mefem qalaqis <strong>da</strong>mcvelad <strong>da</strong>tova Tavisi meomarni, romlebic samu<strong>da</strong>mod iq<br />

<strong>da</strong>saxldnen. dekanozi petre konWoSvili, romelmac wmi<strong>da</strong> miwaze 1899 wels imogzaura,<br />

sagulisxmo cnobebs gvawvdis maT Sesaxeb: `maxloblad jvaris <strong>mona</strong>strisa, esreT<br />

wodebul `vardis Relesa~, aris <strong>da</strong>ba `malxa~, sa<strong>da</strong>c scxovrobs eqvsasi suli orive<br />

sqesisa; amboben, rom viTomc es mcxovrebni arian STamomavalni aq gadmosaxlebulTa<br />

qarTvelTa mefe vaxtang gorgaslanis drosa mexuTe saukuneSi, <strong>da</strong>sacvelad jvaris<br />

<strong>mona</strong>strisa mterTa <strong>da</strong>cemisagan. maT <strong>da</strong>uviwyebiaT mSobliuri ena <strong>da</strong> sarwmunoebaca<br />

mamapapaTa; magram gardmocemiT ician, rom igini arian STamomavalni Soreul<br />

CrdiloeTi<strong>da</strong>n gadmosaxlebulTa, <strong>da</strong> uwodeben Tavis Tavsa `gurjebad~ _ qarTvelebad;<br />

<strong>da</strong> gareSe mcxovrebni arabni ise uyureben, viTarca mosulsa ucxo tomsa... igini icaven<br />

jvaris <strong>mona</strong>stersa <strong>da</strong> emsaxurebian mas... saxiTa, zneobiTa <strong>da</strong> CveulebiTa igini<br />

gansxvavdebian gareSe mcxovrebTa arabis tomisagan~.<br />

mirian mefis mier <strong>da</strong>arsebul <strong>jvris</strong> savanes mravalma qartexilma ga<strong>da</strong>uara. imis<br />

gamo, rom Zlier gasaWirSi myofi saqarTvelo<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>xmareba aRar modio<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> palesti-<br />

naSi qristianebis devnamac imZlavra, <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>steri Tan<strong>da</strong>TanobiT <strong>da</strong>sust<strong>da</strong>. me-<br />

TerTmete saukunis <strong>da</strong>sawyisisTvis igi mTlianad <strong>da</strong>ngreula. am droisaTvis qarT-<br />

velebi ierusalimsa <strong>da</strong> mis garSemo arsebul eklesia-<strong>mona</strong>strebSi iyvnen mimofantuli<br />

<strong>da</strong> ar arsebob<strong>da</strong> mZlavri kera, romelic saTaveSi Caudgebo<strong>da</strong> RmrTis sadideblad <strong>da</strong><br />

eris sulieri saganZuris Sesaqmnelad mimarTul maT saqmianobas.<br />

`RmrTisa `RmrTisa gangebiTa gangebiTa iwyo iwyo Senebad Senebad <strong>mona</strong>strisa <strong>mona</strong>strisa maxlobelad maxlobelad ierusalims~<br />

ierusalims~<br />

<strong>da</strong> ai, meTerTmete saukunis pirvel naxevarSi Rirsi eqvTime mTawmidelis locva-<br />

kurTxeviT <strong>da</strong> saqarTvelos mefis, bagrat kurapalatis, <strong>da</strong> misi dedis, mariamis,<br />

TanadgomiT Rirsma proxore qarTvelma aRaSena <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>steri `Sesakrebelad qarT-<br />

velTaTvis~. Rirsi proxore jer kidev yrma iyo, roca SavSeTi<strong>da</strong>n klarjeTs wavi<strong>da</strong><br />

10

wyarosTavis <strong>mona</strong>sterSi. roca misi saTnoebebiT Semkuli suli ixiles, savanis mamebma<br />

jer diakvnad <strong>da</strong>asxes xeli, Semdeg <strong>mona</strong>zvnad aRkveces <strong>da</strong> bolos mRvdlad akurTxes.<br />

amis Semdgom igi ierusalimSi gaemgzavra <strong>da</strong> mravali wlis manZilze saba ganwmedilis<br />

lavraSi iRvwo<strong>da</strong>. <strong>da</strong> ai, Rirsma proxorem `RmrTisa gangebiTa iwyo Senebad <strong>mona</strong>strisa<br />

maxlobelad ierusalims <strong>da</strong>savaliT kerZo, romelsa uwodian jvarisa <strong>mona</strong>steri, <strong>da</strong><br />

aRaSena <strong>da</strong> ganasrula <strong>da</strong> Seamko eklesiaÁ yovliTa samkauliTa~. savanis aRmSenebelma<br />

<strong>mona</strong>sterSi Semoikriba oTxmocamde Zma, romelTa Soris bevri mwignobari iyo, <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>u-<br />

wesa maT wmi<strong>da</strong> sabas lavris msgavsi tipikoni. Rirsi proxore iyo <strong>jvris</strong> savaneSi<br />

gaCaRebuli sulieri <strong>da</strong> SemoqmedebiTi saqmianobis sulisCamdgmeli.<br />

siberis Jams proxorem <strong>da</strong>tova <strong>mona</strong>steri <strong>da</strong> ganmartov<strong>da</strong> u<strong>da</strong>bnoSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c male<br />

gar<strong>da</strong>icvala. <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris _ qarTveli erisTvis am erT-erTi uZvirfasesi savanis<br />

aRmSenebelma <strong>da</strong>gvitova gamouTqmeli sim<strong>da</strong>blis magaliTi, roca Tqva: `Rirs viqmen me,<br />

glaxaki <strong>da</strong> friad codvili giorgi-proxore, saxelad oden mRdeli, saqmiTa ara<br />

Rirsi, romliTa SemZlebel viqmen uZlurebiTa <strong>da</strong> siglaxakiTa CemiTa aRSenebad wmi-<br />

<strong>da</strong>sa amas cxovelsmyoflisa juarisa adgilsa~. WeSmaritad, `sakvirvel ars RmerTi<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong>Ta Soris misTa!~<br />

ai, rogor aRwera <strong>jvris</strong> savane dekanozma petre konWoSvilma: `jvaris <strong>mona</strong>sters<br />

garSemo avlia oTx-kuTxiani mkvidri galavani, <strong>da</strong>sacvelad <strong>da</strong> uSiSar sayofelad<br />

<strong>mona</strong>zonTa Tavs <strong>da</strong>sxmisagan mterTa <strong>da</strong> avazakTasa. <strong>mona</strong>stris eklesia mSvenieris gum-<br />

baTiT aris ganaTebuli zevi<strong>da</strong>m; iataki mofenilia mozaikiTa anu feradis mar-<br />

mariloTi, romelze<strong>da</strong>c SesavalTan stovaSi eklesiis kareb win mosCanan cxa<strong>da</strong>d Savi<br />

niSnebi _ viTarca kvalni sisxlisa aq mowyvetilTa qristes sarwmunoebisaTvis <strong>mona</strong>-<br />

zonTa sarkinozTagan. mTeli kedlebi eklesiaSi aris <strong>da</strong>suraTebuli mxatvrobiTa<br />

Zvelisa <strong>da</strong> axalis aRTqmaTa moTxrobebiTa...~<br />

`miiwia `miiwia ese ese <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> ganamSveniera ganamSveniera jvaris jvaris <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> sxvani sxvani wmi<strong>da</strong>ni wmi<strong>da</strong>ni <strong>mona</strong>sterni <strong>mona</strong>sterni qar qarTvelTani~<br />

qar<br />

velTani~<br />

isev gasaWiris Jami <strong>da</strong>udga wmi<strong>da</strong> miwas. 1071 wels palestina Turq-selCukebma<br />

<strong>da</strong>ipyres. maT aaoxres ierusalimi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>arbies <strong>jvris</strong> savane. <strong>da</strong>iwyo jvarosnuli omebi.<br />

laTinebma ierusalimi<strong>da</strong>n gandevnes musulmanebi, magram qristianuli savaneebisTvis<br />

arc es aRmoCn<strong>da</strong> di<strong>da</strong>d saxarbielo. siwmideebi jvarosnebma miitaces. am droisaTvis<br />

<strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>steri isev gaZarculi <strong>da</strong> naxevrad <strong>da</strong>ngreuli iyo. misi aRdgena Tavs-ido<br />

saqarTvelos didma mefem, wmi<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>viT aRmaSenebelma, romelmac ierusalimSi qarTlis<br />

kaTalikosi ioane safareli <strong>da</strong> Tavisi moZRvari arsen iyalToeli miavlina: `ese ar-<br />

seni... waravlina mefeman <strong>da</strong>viT aRmaSenebelman didiTa safasiTa <strong>da</strong> warsagebliTa <strong>da</strong><br />

mravliTa ZvirfasiTa nivTiTa ierusalimad Sesawiravad wmi<strong>da</strong>Ta maT adgilTa. miiwia<br />

ese <strong>da</strong> ganamSveniera jvaris <strong>mona</strong>steri <strong>da</strong> sxvani wmi<strong>da</strong>ni <strong>mona</strong>sterni qarTvelTani...~<br />

Tavad Rirsi arseni <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>sterSi iyo aRzrdili; zedmiwevniT hqon<strong>da</strong> Seswavlili<br />

berZnuli, asuruli <strong>da</strong> arabuli, aqve Targmni<strong>da</strong> qarTul enaze saRmrTo wignebs <strong>da</strong><br />

ganageb<strong>da</strong> <strong>ierusalimis</strong> qarTul savaneebs, `Jamad imyofebo<strong>da</strong> igi winaSe <strong>da</strong>viT mefisa<br />

aRmaSeneblisa <strong>da</strong> Jamad ierusalimad jvaris <strong>mona</strong>stersa Sina~.<br />

1121-22 wlebSi mahmadiani xalxebis gaerTianebulma Zalebma omi wamoiwyes saqarT-<br />

velos winaaRmdeg. mahmadianebs miznad hqon<strong>da</strong>T, xerxemalSi gaetexaT mefe <strong>da</strong>viTi, raTa<br />

11

Tavisuflad moespoT yvela qristiani palestinasa <strong>da</strong> antioqiaSi. magram aRsrul<strong>da</strong><br />

`ZlevaÁ sakvirveli~ _ 80 aTasma qarTvelma RmrTis SewevniT <strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> giorgis<br />

xiluli TanadgomiT <strong>da</strong>amarcxa mtris 600 aTaskaciani laSqari. am periodSi qarT-<br />

velTa sulier Zlierebaze metyvelebs is faqtic, rom <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>sterSi aRzrdili<br />

moRvawe, Teodore qarTveli, mcire aziis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi qalaqis, niko-<br />

midiis, episkoposad airCies.<br />

`esreT `esreT diadi diadi iyo iyo saxeli saxeli qar qarTvelTa qar velTa erisa!~<br />

RmrTismoyvare winaparTa kvalobaze wmi<strong>da</strong> mefe Tamaric yuradRebas ar akleb<strong>da</strong><br />

ucxoeTis, maT Soris palestinis qarTul savaneebs: `saberZneTisa mTawmidisa, ierusa-<br />

lemisa <strong>da</strong> Sav-mTisa say<strong>da</strong>rni <strong>da</strong> eklesiani, romelnime <strong>da</strong>rRveulni aRaSenna, romel-<br />

nime maTiTa safasiTa <strong>da</strong>ixsna xarkisagan ucxoTeslTasa~. basili ezosmoZRvris cno-<br />

biT, Tamari ara marto Tavisi samefos, aramed mTeli marTlmadidebluri saqristianos<br />

keTildReobaze zrunav<strong>da</strong>.<br />

Tamarma gamefebisTanave uxmo TavisTan nikoloz gulaberiZes, romelic adre<br />

saqarTvelos kaTalikosi iyo, magram sim<strong>da</strong>blis gamo mwyemsTavris taxti <strong>da</strong>uteva <strong>da</strong><br />

ierusalims wavi<strong>da</strong>. samSobloSi <strong>da</strong>brunebisTanave nikolozma Semoikriba samRvdeloeba<br />

<strong>da</strong> RmrTismetyvelni <strong>da</strong>, Tamaris survilis mixedviT, eklesiaSi reforma gaatara _<br />

`mowyale iyo [Tamari], raTa marTlmadideblobas ze<strong>da</strong> SemoTesilni Teslni borotni<br />

aRmofxurnes samefosagan Tvisisa~. amis Semdgom nikolozi <strong>ierusalimis</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> savaneSi<br />

<strong>da</strong>brun<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> iq aResrula.<br />

ai, ras wer<strong>da</strong> 1180 wels <strong>ierusalimis</strong> laTini patriarqi Jak de vitri qarTvelTa<br />

Sesaxeb: `aRmosavleTSi aris kidev erTi qristiani xalxi. es xalxi di<strong>da</strong>d mebrZoli,<br />

omSi mamaci, tanad Zalovani <strong>da</strong> Zlevamosilia. hyavs uricxvi meomari, SiSis zars scems<br />

sarkinozebs, Tav<strong>da</strong>sxmebiT xSirad did zians ayenebs sparselebs, medielebs <strong>da</strong><br />

asirielebs, romelTa sazRvrebzec saxlobs urwmuno xalxebiT garSemortymuli. am<br />

xalxs Georgian-ebs uwodeben, radganac gansakuTrebuli mowiwebiT epyroba <strong>da</strong> eTay-<br />

vaneba wmi<strong>da</strong> giorgis, vinc Tavis mfarvelad <strong>da</strong> medroSed miaCnia urwmunoTa wi-<br />

naaRmdeg brZolaSi... uflis saflavis mosalocad momavalni wmi<strong>da</strong> qalaqSi<br />

droSebgaSlilni Semodian <strong>da</strong> xarks aravis uxdian. sarkinozebi wyeninebas ver ube-<br />

<strong>da</strong>ven, radganac Sin <strong>da</strong>brunebulT SeuZliaT Suri iZion TavianT mezobel sxva sarki-<br />

nozebze...~.<br />

`...aseTis RirsebiTa <strong>da</strong> pativis cemiT miiRebdnen qarTvelTa mlocavTa, ieru-<br />

salims mimavalTa, _ ambobs dekanozi petre konWoSvili, _ Seiwynarebdnen maT ara qed-<br />

modrekilad mahmadianTa winaSe, aramed pativis-cemiT, viTarca Zleva-mosilsa ersa;<br />

droSa-bairaR gaSlilni, sruliad SeWurvilni, saomaris iaraRiT mosilni Tavidgan<br />

fexamdis, xark-gar<strong>da</strong>uxdelad Sevidodnen qarTvelni ierusalims, <strong>da</strong> esreT diadi iyo<br />

saxeli qarTvelTa erisa! amave dros sxvaTa erovnebaTa qristeanobis sarwmunoebis<br />

aRmsarebelni evropielni, anu azielni, saomars iaraRs aiyridnen, <strong>da</strong>wesebuls xarks<br />

gar<strong>da</strong>ixdidnen fuliTa, <strong>da</strong> Semdeg eRirsebodnen ierusalimSi Sesvlas <strong>da</strong> locvasa~.<br />

12

ase, ase, yoveli yoveli yoveli saTnoebiT<br />

saTnoebiT saTnoebiT aRasrula aRasrula aRasrula Tavisi Tavisi Tavisi cxovreba cxovreba<br />

cxovreba<br />

<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>krZalul <strong>da</strong>krZalul <strong>da</strong>krZalul iqna iqna <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris <strong>mona</strong>stris <strong>mona</strong>stris did did did ekl eklesiaSi<br />

ekl ekl siaSi siaSi<br />

1187 wels wmi<strong>da</strong> miwas umZimesi gansacdeli <strong>da</strong>aty<strong>da</strong> Tavs _ egvipteSi Camoyalibe-<br />

buli axali didi mahmadianuri saxelmwifos mmarTvelma, saladinma, aiRo ierusalimi,<br />

<strong>da</strong>angria <strong>da</strong> wabilwa mravali siwmide. saladinma qristianuli savaneebi gaauqma, <strong>jvris</strong><br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri ki misma jarebma <strong>da</strong>ikaves <strong>da</strong> gaZarcves. Tamarma <strong>da</strong>mpyrobels elCi gaug-<br />

zavna <strong>qarTuli</strong> savaneebis <strong>da</strong>brunebis TxovniT. sulTanma yurad-iRo Txovna <strong>da</strong> qarT-<br />

velebs <strong>mona</strong>strebi <strong>da</strong>ubruna, xarki Seumcira <strong>da</strong> qarTvel qristianebs sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva<br />

privilegia mianiWa.<br />

swored am periods ukavSirdeba <strong>jvris</strong> savanes SoTa rusTavelis saxeli. Teimuraz<br />

bagrationi wers: `eseca sauwyebel-ars, romel ukanasknel SoTa rusTvelman <strong>da</strong>uteva<br />

sofeli ese <strong>da</strong> yovelive dideba <strong>da</strong> Sveba sawuTrosa amis, <strong>da</strong> warvi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong>d ieru-<br />

salimad <strong>da</strong> Sevi<strong>da</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stersa Sina qarTuelTasa... <strong>da</strong> ganaaxla <strong>mona</strong>steri igi SoTa<br />

rusTvelman, rameTu friadni simdidreni Seswirna <strong>mona</strong>stersa mas <strong>da</strong> qristes saflavsa<br />

<strong>da</strong> yovelTa maT TviToeulad qarTuelTa <strong>mona</strong>sterTa, gina sxuaTa~. <strong>da</strong> icxovra SoTam<br />

<strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>sterSi Tavis aRsrulebamde, friadi moRvaweobiT, qvelissaqmiT, locviT,<br />

marxviT <strong>da</strong> glaxakTa gamozrdiT. ase, yoveli saTnoebiT aRasrula Tavisi cxovreba <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong>krZalul iqna <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris did eklesiaSi, romlis erT-erT svetze aris kidec<br />

gamosaxuli Rirsi mamebis, maqsime aRmsareblisa <strong>da</strong> ioane <strong>da</strong>maskelis, fexebTan <strong>da</strong>Co-<br />

qili, mavedrebeli TeTrwvera moxucis saxiT. mis TavTan aris warwera: `rusTveli~.<br />

1229 wels jvarosnebma kvlav <strong>da</strong>ipyres ierusalimi, magram es iyo xanmokle gamar-<br />

jveba. TxuTmeti wlis Semdeg egviptis sulTnis mier <strong>da</strong>qiravebulma xvarazmelebma<br />

qalaqi aiRes <strong>da</strong> qristian mosaxleobas musri gaavles.<br />

1273 wels mamluqebma Seix xidris brZanebiT <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>steri <strong>da</strong>arbies, qarT-<br />

velebs CamoarTves <strong>da</strong> meCeTad ga<strong>da</strong>akeTes. mowameobrivad aResrula <strong>jvris</strong> winamZRvari<br />

luka muxaiZe, romelic momxdurT ar Seepua <strong>da</strong> savanis <strong>da</strong>cva moindoma. Zmebma mxolod<br />

biblioTekis nawilis ga<strong>da</strong>rCena moaswres, mahmadianTa xelSi <strong>da</strong>rCenili wignebi ki<br />

ganadgur<strong>da</strong> an <strong>da</strong>itaces.<br />

<strong>da</strong>viTma <strong>da</strong>viTma meCeTad meCeTad ga<strong>da</strong>qceul ga<strong>da</strong>qceul ttaZars<br />

t Zars Zveli Zveli pativi pativi aRudg aRudgina, aRudg<br />

ina,<br />

SeakeTa SeakeTa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> xelaxla xelaxla moaxatvina<br />

moaxatvina<br />

1299 wels monRolTa xanma, yazanma ierusalimze gailaSqra. laSqrobaSi qarT-<br />

velTa jaric iReb<strong>da</strong> <strong>mona</strong>wileobas. gamarjvebis Semdeg yazanma ierusalimi qarTvelebs<br />

uboZa. Semdgom weliwads <strong>ierusalimis</strong> qristianma mosaxleobam SeZlo edResaswaula<br />

aRdgoma. rogorc Cans, wmi<strong>da</strong> qalaqSi qarTvelTa ganmgebloba mcire xans gagrZel<strong>da</strong>,<br />

radgan xuTiode wlis Semdeg mefe <strong>da</strong>viTma, dimitri Tav<strong>da</strong>debulis Zem, qairoSi elCebi<br />

miavlina <strong>da</strong> sulTnisgan <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris <strong>da</strong>bruneba iTxova. Txovna Sewynarebul iqna.<br />

<strong>da</strong>viTma meCeTad ga<strong>da</strong>qceul taZars Zveli pativi aRudgina, SeakeTa <strong>da</strong> xelaxla<br />

moaxatvina. igi <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris saaRape wignSi ixsenieba, rogorc `meored aRmaSene-<br />

beli wmidisa <strong>mona</strong>strisaÁ, romelman sarkinozTagan wartyuenuli <strong>mona</strong>steri <strong>da</strong> ekle-<br />

siaÁ mizgiTad Secvalebuli eklesiadve salocvelad Secvala <strong>da</strong> kualad ago naTe-<br />

savTa qarTvelTasa~. drois im mcire <strong>mona</strong>kveTSi, rodesac <strong>jvris</strong> savane qarTvelTa<br />

13

xelT iyo, mravalma qarTvelma mefem <strong>da</strong> didebulma gauwia mas Semweoba, <strong>mona</strong>stris<br />

Zmobam ganaaxla sulieri <strong>da</strong> SemoqmedebiTi moRvaweoba. keTilismyofelTa Soris iyo<br />

mefe giorgi brwyinvale, romelsac Tanamedroveni `<strong>ierusalimis</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> adgilebis gan-<br />

madideblad~ ixsenieben.<br />

egviptis mamluqebi, romelTa batonoba wmi<strong>da</strong> miwaze mxolod TurqTa mier mis<br />

<strong>da</strong>pyrobamde gagrZel<strong>da</strong>, qarTvelTa <strong>mona</strong>strebs di<strong>da</strong>d wyalobdnen. mamluqebi warmo-<br />

SobiT kavkasielebi iyvnen, kavkasiel mTielebSi ki bevri namdvili qarTveli eria. is-<br />

ini, ra Tqma un<strong>da</strong>, mahmadianebi gaxldnen, magram gulSi samSoblos siyvaruli ar<br />

hqon<strong>da</strong>T gamqrali. saqarTveloc ar iviwyeb<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> miwas <strong>da</strong> SeWirvebis miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad<br />

palestinis savaneebs aucilebel <strong>da</strong>xmarebas mainc ugzavni<strong>da</strong>.<br />

es es iyo iyo qarTvelebis qarTvelebis ukanaskneli ukanaskneli gabrZoleba<br />

gabrZoleba<br />

1516 wels palestina Turq-osmalebma <strong>da</strong>ipyres. maT qarTvelTa eklesia-<strong>mona</strong>strebs<br />

maRali ga<strong>da</strong>saxadebi <strong>da</strong>akisres, rac mZime tvirTad <strong>da</strong>awva qarTul savaneebs. samSob-<br />

lo<strong>da</strong>n miRebuli <strong>da</strong>xmareba ver farav<strong>da</strong> maT vals <strong>da</strong> amitom dro<strong>da</strong>dro sa<strong>mona</strong>stro<br />

qonebas <strong>da</strong> mamulebs yiddnen. saqarTvelo<strong>da</strong>n Casul sasuliero Tu saero pirebs os-<br />

malebi apatimrebdnen <strong>da</strong> fuls sZalavdnen. maT miitaces <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris mamulebi,<br />

mokles iRumeni gabrieli, iRumeni meleti ki didi xnis manZilze sapyrobileSi<br />

hyav<strong>da</strong>T Cagdebuli.<br />

<strong>qarTuli</strong> savaneebis mdgomareoba Tan<strong>da</strong>Tan gausaZlisi xdebo<strong>da</strong>. <strong>da</strong> ai, <strong>da</strong>uZlure-<br />

bul <strong>da</strong> gaRatakebul saqarTveloSi Cndebodnen a<strong>da</strong>mianebi, visac axsov<strong>da</strong> fsalmunis<br />

sityvebi: `saxlsa Sensa Suenis siwmide ufalo, sigrZesa Sina dReTasa~. mamia gurielma,<br />

levan <strong>da</strong>dianma, qarTlis mefe Teimuraz I, baadur <strong>da</strong> garsevan ColoyaSvilebma, imere-<br />

Tis mefeebma giorgi <strong>da</strong> aleqsandre III, qaixosro wulukiZem <strong>da</strong> sxvebma ar <strong>da</strong>iSures<br />

arc Zalisxmeva <strong>da</strong> arc maT xelT arsebuli saxsrebi <strong>da</strong> mxarSi amoudgnen JamTa<br />

siavisgan ZnelbedobaSi myof qarTul <strong>mona</strong>strebs wmi<strong>da</strong> miwaze.<br />

meCvidmete saukunis ormocian wlebSi <strong>jvris</strong> savanis winamZRvari iyo nikifore<br />

ColoyaSvili, romelmac odiSis mTavris levan <strong>da</strong>dianis TanadgomiT <strong>mona</strong>stris <strong>da</strong>n-<br />

greuli galavani <strong>da</strong> senakebi aRadgina <strong>da</strong> taZris moxatuloba safuZvlianad ganaaxla.<br />

amasobaSi ganuwyveteli SinaomebiTa Tu gareSe mtrebis SemosevebiT gatanjuli <strong>da</strong><br />

calkeul samTavroebad <strong>da</strong>Slili saqarTvelo sisxlisagan iclebo<strong>da</strong>. Sesabamisad,<br />

palestinis <strong>qarTuli</strong> savaneebis mdgomareobac Tan<strong>da</strong>Tan uimedo xdebo<strong>da</strong>. 1684 wels<br />

qarTlis mefe giorgi XI `wargzavna ierusalims ori aTasi Tumani saxsrad golgoTisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> juarisa <strong>mona</strong>strisa~ <strong>da</strong> valebSi Cavardnili <strong>mona</strong>strebi mcire xniT <strong>da</strong>ixsna. es iyo<br />

qarTvelebis ukanaskneli gabrZoleba. meCvidmete saukunis <strong>da</strong>sasruls jvaric <strong>da</strong> sxva<br />

<strong>qarTuli</strong> savaneebic <strong>ierusalimis</strong> berZenTa sapatriarqos xelSi ga<strong>da</strong>vi<strong>da</strong>.<br />

`vis `vis ZaluZs ZaluZs aseTi aseTi samlocveloebis samlocveloebis aS aSeneba aS neba dRes?~<br />

dRes?~<br />

ai, ras werdnen ucxoeli piligrimebi <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris Sesaxeb:<br />

`mSvenier <strong>mona</strong>sterSi mivediT, romelsac wmi<strong>da</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> eklesia ewodeba. aq idga xe,<br />

romlis zro <strong>jvris</strong>Tvis gamoiyenes. ufro metic, aq wmi<strong>da</strong> barbares xelsac uCveneben.<br />

Cven aq vnaxeT zarebi, erTaderTi mTels am miwaze~ (hercogi fridrix II, 1507 w.).<br />

14

`wmi<strong>da</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>steri, romelic yovelTvis qarTvelebs ekuTvno<strong>da</strong>, maT miervea<br />

aSenebuli. iq samasormoc<strong>da</strong>xuTi SesaniSnavi senaki <strong>da</strong> Tormeti samlocveloa. vis<br />

ZaluZs aseTi samlocveloebis aSeneba dRes?~ (1586 w.).<br />

`<strong>ierusalimis</strong> gareT aris adgili, saxelad kaloni, sa<strong>da</strong>c loTma sami xe <strong>da</strong>rgo.<br />

iq <strong>qarTuli</strong> <strong>mona</strong>steri dgas. qarTveli berebi Zalze RmrTismosavni arian. TviTon<br />

muSaoben TavianT mindvrebsa <strong>da</strong> zvrebSi, yvela ucxoels iReben <strong>da</strong> exmarebian~ (gab-<br />

rieli, nazareTis arqieposkoposi, 1651 w.).<br />

`vestumreT wmi<strong>da</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>sters... iq Sesvla sami karibWi<strong>da</strong>n SeiZleba. ori maT-<br />

gani rkinisaa, erTi ki xisa. eklesiaSi iberieli mefeebis freskebia... iatakze axlac<br />

Cans eTiopelTa mier <strong>da</strong>xocili berebis sisxlis laqebi. wirvis Semdeg pativi gvces<br />

<strong>da</strong> mogvemsaxurnen ukeTesad, vidre <strong>ierusalimis</strong> patriarqis eklesiaSi~ (v. barski, 1726<br />

w.).<br />

<strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>sterSi <strong>mona</strong>zvnuri cxovreba grZeldebo<strong>da</strong>. 1739 wels mas jer kidev<br />

qarTveli winamZRvari hyav<strong>da</strong>. magram savaneSi qarTvelebis ricxvi Tan<strong>da</strong>Tan mcirde-<br />

bo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> meTvramete saukunis bolos iq Cvens TanamemamuleTagan aRaravin iyo. <strong>da</strong>yara<br />

far-xmali mravalgansacdelgamovlilma, mraval WirTan naomarma jvarma. <strong>da</strong>vkargeT!<br />

<strong>da</strong>vkargeT Cvenive codvebis, RmrTis mcnebebisgan gandgomisa <strong>da</strong> RmrTivboZebuli saun-<br />

jis _ WeSmariti, marTlmadidebluri sarwmunoebisadmi gulgrilobis gamo. erTxans<br />

mwvave tkivils ayeneb<strong>da</strong> qarTvelis guls es Zvirfasi <strong>da</strong>nakargi, mere es tkivili<br />

<strong>da</strong>yruv<strong>da</strong>, mosaTmeni gax<strong>da</strong>... Cvenma mSobliurma savanemac gagviucxova, rogorc moZule-<br />

bulma de<strong>da</strong>m. gaciv<strong>da</strong> kera, sa<strong>da</strong>c mravali saukunis manZilze gizgizeb<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong><br />

proxores mier <strong>da</strong>nTebuli sulieri koconi.<br />

15

gadmocema gadmocema uflis uflis patiosani<br />

patiosani<br />

<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> cxovelmyofeli cxovelmyofeli <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> ama amaRlebis ama lebis Sesaxeb Sesaxeb<br />

Sesaxeb<br />

meoTxe saukunis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi romis imperiaSi mefob<strong>da</strong> maqsenciusi. igi bevr boro-<br />

tebas sCadio<strong>da</strong>: devni<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> awameb<strong>da</strong> ara marto qristianebs, aramed klav<strong>da</strong> warmarTeb-<br />

sac, Zarcvav<strong>da</strong> maT qonebas <strong>da</strong> biwierad cxovrob<strong>da</strong>. sisastikisa <strong>da</strong> garyvnili cxovre-<br />

bis gamo igi mTel roms sZul<strong>da</strong>. amitomac romaelebma imJamad britaneTSi myof mefe<br />

konstantines saidumlod gaugzavnes Txovna, Camosuliyo <strong>da</strong> mtanjvelisagan exsna is-<br />

ini. konstantinem jer miswera maqsenciuss <strong>da</strong> megobrulad Seagona, usjulo qmedebe-<br />

bisTvis bolo moeRo. magram am ukanasknelma araTu ar <strong>da</strong>ujera mas <strong>da</strong> ar gamoswor<strong>da</strong>,<br />

ufro gaborot<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> Tavad konstantines winaaRmdeg aRmarTa iaraRi, radgan ar sur<strong>da</strong>,<br />

rom igi misi Tanaswori mefe yofiliyo. konstantine mefed xalxma erTsulovnad air-<br />

Cia, maSin roca maqsenciusi samefo taxtze TviTneburad, zogierTi didebulis mxar-<br />

<strong>da</strong>WeriT, avi<strong>da</strong>.<br />

konstantinem laSqari Sekriba <strong>da</strong> maqsenciusTan saomrad wavi<strong>da</strong>. Tumca xe<strong>da</strong>v<strong>da</strong> ra<br />

Tavisi jaris mcirericxovnebas <strong>da</strong> mxedvelobaSi iReb<strong>da</strong> mtris mzakvrul xrikebs, war-<br />

matebaSi eWvi Seepara. man ico<strong>da</strong>, rom maqsenciusi jadoqrobisTvis didZal sisxls<br />

Rvri<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> eSmakebs mravali yrma, qalwuli <strong>da</strong> orsuli qali <strong>da</strong>ukla Tavisi cru<br />

RmerTebis mowyale-sayofad, <strong>da</strong> eSmakis Zalac Seeweo<strong>da</strong> mas. konstantinem iwyo locva<br />

cisa <strong>da</strong> qveynis ganmgebeli erTi RmerTisadmi <strong>da</strong> evedrebo<strong>da</strong>, mieca misTvis mtarvalze<br />

gamarjvebis niSani. <strong>da</strong> ai, rodesac igi mxurvaled loculob<strong>da</strong>, SuadRisas caSi eCvena<br />

uflis <strong>jvris</strong> gamosaxuleba mzis naTelze ufro Zlierad mbrwyinvale varskvlavis<br />

saxiT; masze iyo warwera: `ZlevaÁ~ (amiT gaimarjveb). es sakvirveli movlena yvela meo-<br />

marma ixila <strong>da</strong> gaoc<strong>da</strong>. umetes maTgans ki SeeSin<strong>da</strong>: warmarTTa Soris <strong>jvris</strong> gamosax-<br />

uleba iyo bedukuRmarTobisa <strong>da</strong> sikvdilis niSani, radganac jvarze sikvdilmisjili<br />

avazakebi <strong>da</strong> borotmoqmedni kvdebodnen. amitomac meomrebs eSino<strong>da</strong>T, rom omi maTTvis<br />

cu<strong>da</strong>d <strong>da</strong>mTavrdebo<strong>da</strong>. TviTon mefe konstantine Zlier iyo SeSfoTebuli. magram<br />

RamiT ZilSi mas gamoecxa<strong>da</strong> Tavad qriste ufali, kvlav uCvena patiosani <strong>jvris</strong> niSi<br />

<strong>da</strong> uTxra:<br />

_ gaakeTe msgavseba am niSisa <strong>da</strong> brZane, legionebs win waruZRvanon _ maSin ara<br />

marto maqsenciuss, aramed yvela Sens mtersac <strong>da</strong>amarcxeb.<br />

mefem xilvis Sesaxeb <strong>da</strong>axloebul pirebs uambo; Semdeg <strong>da</strong>xelovnebul oqrom-<br />

Wedlebs uxmo <strong>da</strong> ubrZana, oqros, margalitebisa <strong>da</strong> Zvirfasi qvebisgan gaekeTebinaT<br />

uflis patiosani jvari zecaSi gamocxadebuli niSis msgavsad. amasTanave man yvela<br />

meomarsac ubrZana, iaraRebze, muzaradebsa <strong>da</strong> farebze gamoesaxaT <strong>jvris</strong> niSi.<br />

ori mefis laSqars Soris brZola 312 wlis oqtomberSi gaimarTa. uflis <strong>jvris</strong><br />

ZaliT maqsenciusi <strong>da</strong>marcxebul iqna, misi uamravi meomari <strong>da</strong>iRupa, TviTon ki gaqce-<br />

viT uSvela Tavs. konstantine mefis mier devnili, igi Tavisive aSenebuli xidiT mdi-<br />

nare tibrze ga<strong>da</strong>dio<strong>da</strong>, roca xidi RmrTis ZaliT <strong>da</strong>ingra <strong>da</strong> sabralo mtanjveli Ta-<br />

vis mxedrobasTan erTad mdinareSi <strong>da</strong>ixrCo Zveli faraonis msgavsad. konstantine<br />

Zlevamosili Sevi<strong>da</strong> romSi <strong>da</strong> xalxi sixaruliTa <strong>da</strong> didi pativiT Seegeba mas. mefe ki<br />

uaRres madlierebas swirav<strong>da</strong> RmerTs, romelmac patiosani <strong>da</strong> cxovelmyofeli <strong>jvris</strong><br />

ZaliT mtanjvelze gamarjveba mianiWa; im yovladdidebuli gamarjvebis mosaxseneblad<br />

16

man romSi qvis maRal svetze aRmarTa jvari, romelzec waawera: `am mxsneli niSiT es<br />

qalaqi mtanjvelis uRlisgan ganTavisufl<strong>da</strong>~.<br />

sxva dros konstantinem gailaSqra mcire qalaq bizantiaze, romelic <strong>da</strong>arsa vinme<br />

berZenma bizasma iudevelTa mefis, manases, Jams. magram mefe maTTan brZolaSi orgzis<br />

<strong>da</strong>marcx<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> Zlierma mwuxarebam moicva. SemwuxrebisTanave man Tvalebi zecad<br />

aRapyro <strong>da</strong> ixila caze gamosaxuli sityvebi: `mxade me dResa Wirisa Senisasa <strong>da</strong> me<br />

gixsna Sen <strong>da</strong> Sen madido me~ (fs. 49, 15). SeSinebulma isev zeaRapyro Tvalebi <strong>da</strong><br />

uwindeburad ixila zecaSi varskvlavebisgan Sedgenili jvari <strong>da</strong> mis garSemo warwera:<br />

`am niSiT gaimarjveb~. konstantinem brZolaSi win jvari wariZRvana, <strong>da</strong>amarcxa mteri<br />

<strong>da</strong> aiRo qalaqi bizantia.<br />

mesamejer, rodesac konstantine mdinare dunaize skviTebs ebrZo<strong>da</strong>, zecaSi kvlav<br />

ixila es mxsneli iaraRi <strong>da</strong> iseve, rogorc uwin, moipova gamarjveba.<br />

yovelive amis Semdeg mefem gulisxmayo jvarcmuli qristes Zala <strong>da</strong> irwmuna, rom<br />

igia erTaderTi WeSmariti RmerTi. man Tavis de<strong>da</strong>sTan, elenesTan, erTad qristes sax-<br />

eliT naTeliRo <strong>da</strong> didi keTilmsaxurebis gamo elene ierusalimSi uflis patiosani<br />

<strong>jvris</strong> mosapoveblad gagzavna. ierusalimSi Casulma dedofalma Semoiara wmi<strong>da</strong><br />

adgilebi, kerpebis biwisagan ganwmi<strong>da</strong> isini <strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong>nTa mravali nawili gamoitana<br />

dRis naTelze. maSin <strong>ierusalimis</strong> patriarqi iyo makari, romelic dedofals jerovani<br />

pativiT Sexv<strong>da</strong>. uflis cxovelmyofeli <strong>jvris</strong> povnis mizniT netarma elenem yvela<br />

iudevels uxmo <strong>da</strong> Txova, eCvenebinaT misi <strong>da</strong>flvis adgili. magram maT uari ganacxa-<br />

des <strong>da</strong> Tqves, rom araferi icodnen amis Sesaxeb. <strong>da</strong> rodesac dedofali maT wamebiTa<br />

<strong>da</strong> sikvdiliT <strong>da</strong>emuqra, iudevelebma uCvenes erTi moxuci, saxelad iu<strong>da</strong>, <strong>da</strong> uTxres,<br />

rom mas SeeZlo eCvenebina dedoflisTvis is, rasac eZeb<strong>da</strong>, radgan igi pativcemuli<br />

winaswarmetyvelis Ze iyo.<br />

Tav<strong>da</strong>pirvelad iu<strong>da</strong>m ar isurva, mieTiTebina adgili, sa<strong>da</strong>c <strong>da</strong>fluli iyo jvari<br />

uflisa. maSin elene dedofalma brZana, Rrma xaroSi CaegdoT igi <strong>da</strong> eSimSilebinaT.<br />

ramdenime dRis Semdeg moxuci gaty<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>Tanxm<strong>da</strong>, eTqva qristes <strong>jvris</strong> adgilsa-<br />

myofelis Sesaxeb. igi xaro<strong>da</strong>n gamoiyvanes <strong>da</strong> misi miTiTebiT mividnen adgilze, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />

miwisa <strong>da</strong> qvebisagan Seqmnili iyo mcire borcvi. aq romis imperatorma adrianes ori<br />

saukuniT adre qalRmerT veneras pativsacemad aego warmarTuli taZari <strong>da</strong> masSi kerpi<br />

aRemarTa. iu<strong>da</strong>m aCvena, rom swored aq iyo <strong>da</strong>fluli qristes jvari.<br />

elene dedoflis brZanebiT sakerpo <strong>da</strong>angries, borcvi <strong>da</strong>Sales <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>iwyes Txra.<br />

patriarq makaris mier im adgilze locvis aRvlenis Semdeg haers keTilsurneleba<br />

moefina <strong>da</strong> maSinve, aRmosavleTis mxares, ipoves uflis saflavi <strong>da</strong> Txemis adgili, <strong>da</strong><br />

mis maxloblad <strong>da</strong>fluli sami jvari, Semdeg ki samsWvalnic, romlebiTac jvarze mi-<br />

amsWvales ufali. magram aravin ico<strong>da</strong>, Tu romeli iyo qristes jvari. mox<strong>da</strong> ise, rom<br />

swored im dros <strong>da</strong>sakrZalad moasvenebdnen gar<strong>da</strong>cvlils. patriarqma makarim Wirisu-<br />

falT SeCereba ubrZana; jvrebi rig-rigobiT <strong>da</strong>ades micvalebuls. rodesac mas<br />

qristes jvari <strong>da</strong>ades, mkv<strong>da</strong>ri maSinve aRdga <strong>da</strong> uflis RvTaebrivi <strong>jvris</strong> ZaliT<br />

cocxali wamodga. dedofalma sixaruliT miiRo patiosani jvari, Tayvani-sca mas <strong>da</strong><br />

eambora, iseve rogorc masTan erTad myofi mTavrebi <strong>da</strong> didebulebi. siviwrovis gamo<br />

yvelam ver SeZlo <strong>da</strong>enaxa <strong>da</strong> Tayvani-eca wmi<strong>da</strong> <strong>jvris</strong>aTvis <strong>da</strong> iTxoves, rom Sori<strong>da</strong>n<br />

mainc eCvenebinaT igi maTTvis. maSin <strong>ierusalimis</strong> patriarqi makari yvelaze amaRlebul<br />

adgilze <strong>da</strong>dga <strong>da</strong> jvari aRamaRla.<br />

17

xalxi ki gaiZaxo<strong>da</strong>:<br />

_ ufalo, Segviwyalen!<br />

swored aqe<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>edo saTave uflis patiosani <strong>jvris</strong> amaRlebis dResaswauls.<br />

dedofalma TavisTan <strong>da</strong>itova uflis <strong>jvris</strong> patiosani Zelis nawili <strong>da</strong> samsW-<br />

valni, jvari ki vercxlis kidobanSi Caasvena <strong>da</strong> patriarq makaris ga<strong>da</strong>sca momavali<br />

TaobebisTvis Sesanaxad. iu<strong>da</strong>m mravalricxovan ebraelTan erTad irwmuna qriste <strong>da</strong><br />

naTeliRo. wmi<strong>da</strong> naTlisRebiT mas ewo<strong>da</strong> kviros; SemdgomSi igi <strong>ierusalimis</strong> patriarqi<br />

gax<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> iuliane gandgomilis dros mowameobrivad aResrula. wmi<strong>da</strong> elene dedo-<br />

falma brZana, <strong>ierusalimis</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> adgilebSi aegoT eklesiebi <strong>da</strong> uwinaresad yovlisa<br />

uflisa Cvenisa ieso qristes aRdgomis taZari, sa<strong>da</strong>c napovni iqna qristes saflavi <strong>da</strong><br />

patiosani jvari. Semdeg keTilmsaxurma dedofalma brZana, aegoT miZinebis taZari<br />

geTsamaniaSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c imyofebo<strong>da</strong> yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> RvTismSoblis saflavi. netarma elenem<br />

kidev Tvrameti eklesia aRaSena <strong>da</strong> sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva ZvirfaseulobiT Seamko, ris Semdegac<br />

<strong>da</strong>brun<strong>da</strong> bizantiaSi.<br />

mefe konstantinem ierusalimi<strong>da</strong>n CamobrZanebuli cxovelmyofeli Zelis nawili<br />

oqros kidobanSi Caasvena. uflis samsWvalTagan erTi elene dedofalma Zlieri<br />

qariSxlisa <strong>da</strong> Relvis <strong>da</strong>samSvideblad adriatikis zRvaSi Caagdo, rodesac igi romSi<br />

brundebo<strong>da</strong>, meore mefem Tavis muzaradSi CaWe<strong>da</strong>, mesame Tavisi cxenis aRvirSi lagams<br />

miaWe<strong>da</strong>, raTa aRsrulebuliyo winaswarmetyveleba zaqariasi: `mas dResa Sina iyos aR-<br />

virsa Soris cxenisasa wmi<strong>da</strong>Á uflisaÁ~ (zaq. 14, 20), meoTxe samsWvali ki elene dedo-<br />

falma Sesanaxad ga<strong>da</strong>sca mefis uaxloes mrCevlebs. rogorc cnobilia, mefe konstan-<br />

tinem es samsWvali axalnaTelRebul mefe mirians gaugzavna saCuqrad.<br />

ierusalimi<strong>da</strong>n wmi<strong>da</strong> elenes <strong>da</strong>brunebis Semdeg qristesmoyvare mefe konstantinem<br />

aRmarTa sami didi jvari brZolebSi gamocxadebuli jvrebis ricxvis mixedviT: erTi<br />

romSi, roca mdinareSi <strong>da</strong>nTqa maqsenciusi, meore bizantiaSi, roca aiRo igi, <strong>da</strong> mesame<br />

_ roca dunaize <strong>da</strong>amarcxa skviTebi. am sami gamarjvebis Sesabamisad man Zvirfasi niv-<br />

Tierebebisagan sami patiosani jvari <strong>da</strong>amza<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> maTze oqros asoebiT waawera: IC XC<br />

NIKA (ieso ieso qriste ZlevaÁ ZlevaÁ), ZlevaÁ<br />

anu ieso qristem gaimarjva gaimarjva. gaimarjva<br />

mowmob<strong>da</strong> ra yvelas winaSe<br />

RvTisadmi Tavis moSurneobas <strong>da</strong> aCveneb<strong>da</strong>, rom mtrebi <strong>jvris</strong> ZaliT <strong>da</strong>amarcxa, mefem<br />

erTi jvari aRmarTa aRmosavleT savaWro moe<strong>da</strong>nze amaRlebul adgilas, meore _<br />

qalaqis mTavar moe<strong>da</strong>nze romi<strong>da</strong>n Camotanili mewamuli svetis Tavze, xolo mesame _<br />

puris bazarTan marmarilos mSvenier kvarcxlbekze, sa<strong>da</strong>c qristes wmi<strong>da</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> gamo<br />

mravali saswauli <strong>da</strong> niSi aResrulebo<strong>da</strong>. mravalTa mowmobiT, im adgilze RamiT<br />

zeciT gar<strong>da</strong>modio<strong>da</strong> naTliTmosili uflis angelozi, kmeviT gars uvli<strong>da</strong> patiosan<br />

jvars <strong>da</strong> tkbili xmiT galob<strong>da</strong> samwmi<strong>da</strong> sagalobels, ris Semdegac kvlav zecad<br />

amaRldebo<strong>da</strong>. es weliwadSi samjer xdebo<strong>da</strong>: seqtembris TveSi qristes <strong>jvris</strong> amaR-<br />

lebis dResaswaulis Rames, 7 maiss <strong>ierusalimis</strong> caSi uflis <strong>jvris</strong> gamocxadebis dRes<br />

<strong>da</strong> did marxvaSi <strong>jvris</strong> Tayvaniscemis kviras. bevri keTilkrZaluli <strong>da</strong> siwmidiT<br />

mcxovrebi a<strong>da</strong>miani xe<strong>da</strong>v<strong>da</strong> angelozis gar<strong>da</strong>mosvlas <strong>da</strong> esmo<strong>da</strong> misi galoba.<br />

amgvaria marTlmadidebeli eklesiis gadmocema uflis patiosani <strong>da</strong> cxovel-<br />

myofeli <strong>jvris</strong> amaRlebis Sesaxeb.<br />

18

qarTvelebi qarTvelebi golgoTaze<br />

golgoTaze<br />

golgoTaze<br />

`pirvel `pirvel `pirvel qristeanobi<strong>da</strong>m qristeanobi<strong>da</strong>m qristeanobi<strong>da</strong>m <strong>da</strong>wyobili <strong>da</strong>wyobili <strong>da</strong>wyobili me me-18 me me 18 18 saukunemdis<br />

saukunemdis<br />

qarTvelebs qarTvelebs qarTvelebs pirveli pirveli adgili adgili adgili epyraT epyraT epyraT golgoTazed~<br />

golgoTazed~<br />

golgoTazed~<br />

RmrTis siyvaruliT aRZrulma netarma elene dedofalma qristes jvari ipova 326<br />

wels. am movlenis aRsaniSnavad eklesiam 14 (27) seqtembers <strong>da</strong>awesa sauflo dResas-<br />

wauli _ msoflio amaRleba patiosnisa <strong>da</strong> cxovelmyofelisa jvarisa. manve aRaSena<br />

pirveli eklesia macxovris saflavze <strong>da</strong> kurTxevisaTvis mouwo<strong>da</strong> 300 episkoposs.<br />

kurTxeva Sesrul<strong>da</strong> 13 (26) seqtembers <strong>da</strong> mis samaxsovrod <strong>da</strong>aweses dResaswauli _ en-<br />

kenia, anu xseneba qristes aRdgomis wmi<strong>da</strong> taZris ganaxlebisa ierusalimSi. am wmi-<br />

<strong>da</strong>Tawmi<strong>da</strong> taZris istoria Tavad golgoTaa: igi araerTgzis aaoxres mahmadianma <strong>da</strong>m-<br />

pyroblebma, xangrZlivi drois manZilze epyraT laTin jvarosnebs, <strong>da</strong> maSinac ki,<br />

roca taZari marTlmadideblebis xelSi iyo, misi <strong>da</strong>uflebisTvis Seupovrad ibrZodnen<br />

mwvaleblebi _ kaTolikeebi, monofizitebi <strong>da</strong> sxvebi, rasac qrTamisa Tu Zaladobis<br />

gziT xSirad aRwevdnen kidec. ase, tanjva-wamebiT moaRwia man dRemde.<br />

ai, ra saxiT ixila <strong>da</strong> aRwera macxovris saflavi <strong>da</strong> golgoTa dekanozma petre<br />

konWoSvilma 1899 wels: `...qristes saflavi warmoadgens patara eklesias, dids taZarSi<br />

mdebaresa. berZnebi uwodeben am cxovels-myofel saflavsa uflisasa `wmi<strong>da</strong> kuvuk-<br />

liad~, raica niSnavs gansasvenebelsa anu samefo saunjesa, radganac aq ganisvena sami<br />

dRe xorciTa, viTarca mkv<strong>da</strong>rman, macxovarma kacTa naTesavisam. Sesavali kari misi<br />

Zlier <strong>da</strong>balia, ase rom Sesvlis dros Tavi un<strong>da</strong> moidriko sruliad muxlebamde...<br />

misi sigrZe imodenia sivrciT, ramdenze<strong>da</strong>c <strong>da</strong>eteva gaSlili gvami micvalebulisa;<br />

Tavisufali adgili saflavsa <strong>da</strong> qvabis kedels Sua Seadgens erTsa <strong>da</strong> naxevarsa<br />

nabijsa. kldis sareceli, romelze<strong>da</strong>c ganisveneb<strong>da</strong> yovlad uxrwneli gvami ieso<br />

qristesi, mdebareobs marjvena mxares Sesavli<strong>da</strong>n; igi Semosilia marmariloTi ara<br />

imoden SvenebisaTvis, ramdena<strong>da</strong>c <strong>da</strong>safaravad TayvanismcemelTa keTilmsaxuris<br />

wadilisagan, romelnic mostexavdnen saflavisagan nawilebsa saxsovrad. garSemo<br />

qristes saflavis qvabisa amoWriT warwerilia tropari wmi<strong>da</strong> ioane <strong>da</strong>maskelisa: `vi-<br />

Tarca naTliT Semosilsa <strong>da</strong> viTarca uSvenieressa samoTxisasa, esreT gicnobT Sen,<br />

romeli gamosCndi mxsnelad yovlisa soflisa, aRsdeg ubrwyinvalesi yovelTa<br />

naTelTa qriste, RmerTi Cveni, <strong>da</strong> gamohsCn<strong>da</strong> saflavi Seni, viTarca wyaro Cvenisa<br />

aRdgomisa~.<br />

amave eklesiis gumbaTs qveS aris golgoTac samxreTis mxriv, is adgili, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />

jvars acves ufali ieso qriste; aqac aRSenebulia samwirvelo trapezi marTlmadide-<br />

belTagan. aqve trapezs ukan aRmarTulia didi jvari, jvarcmulis uflisa ieso<br />

qristes xatiTa, garemo misa mdgomareni srulis taniT marjveniT de<strong>da</strong> RmrTisa mgode-<br />

beli <strong>da</strong> marcxeniT _ sayvareli mowafe qristesi ioane mwuxare saxiTa. qvis gulic<br />

SeZrwundeba <strong>da</strong> mova lmobierebaSi am suraTis xilviT. marjveniT trapezisa mosCans<br />

gapobili klde, romelic gasq<strong>da</strong> im wamsa, raJams ufalman ganuteva suli. patriarqi <strong>da</strong><br />

mRvdelmTavarni golgoTazed swiraven umitrod pativsadeblad am adgilzed ieso<br />

qristes <strong>da</strong>m<strong>da</strong>blebisa. pirvel qristeanobi<strong>da</strong>m <strong>da</strong>wyobili me-18 saukunemdis qarTvelebs<br />

pirveli adgili epyraT golgoTazed...~<br />

19

am am am wvlilisaTvis wvlilisaTvis wvlilisaTvis bizantiis bizantiis bizantiis keisarma keisarma keisarma golgoTis golgoTis golgoTis nawili nawili<br />

nawili<br />

uboZa uboZa uboZa bagrat bagrat bagrat kur kurapalats<br />

kur kur palats<br />

axla ki mivyveT wmi<strong>da</strong> saflavis eklesiis istorias, istorias, aRsavses nugeSiTa<br />

<strong>da</strong> tkiviliT. 614 wels igi miwasTan gaaswores sparsma <strong>da</strong>mpyroblebma. eklesia maleve<br />

aRadgines, magram 1010 wels egviptis sulTanma haqemma is isev <strong>da</strong>angria. taZris aRdgena<br />

<strong>da</strong>srul<strong>da</strong> 1048 wels <strong>da</strong> masSi sxva qristianul qveynebTan erTad saqarTvelomac miiRo<br />

cxoveli <strong>mona</strong>wileoba. am wvlilisaTvis bizantiis keisarma golgoTis nawili uboZa<br />

bagrat kurapalats, romelmac iq qarTveli episkoposi <strong>da</strong>niSna.<br />

gansvenebis Jami xanmokle aRmoCn<strong>da</strong>. ociode wlis Semdeg palestinas Turq-<br />

selCukTa urdoebi Semoesivnen <strong>da</strong> xelT igdes <strong>ierusalimis</strong> siwmideebi. jvarosnebma<br />

gandevnes isini wmi<strong>da</strong> miwi<strong>da</strong>n, magram mcire xanSi mahmadianebi mas isev ipyroben. ase<br />

rom, mecamete saukunis bolomde wmi<strong>da</strong> saflavis taZars usjuloni flobdnen <strong>da</strong> iq<br />

marTlmadidebluri RmrTismsaxureba uaRresad garTulebuli iyo.<br />

1299 wels qarTvelebma monRolebTan erTad ierusalimi aiRes <strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> qalaqSi<br />

gabatondnen. sul male ierusalimi kvlav mamluqebis xelSi ga<strong>da</strong>vi<strong>da</strong>. ar viciT, ga-<br />

modevnes Tu ara maT qarTvelebi golgoTi<strong>da</strong>n, magram is ki cnobilia, rom 1308 wels<br />

bizantiis keisris <strong>da</strong>xmarebiT maT egviptis mamluq sulTans golgoTis savane TavianT<br />

kerZo sakuTrebad <strong>da</strong>amtkicebines. cxra wlis Semdeg giorgi brwyinvalis mier egviptis<br />

sulTanTan gagzavnilma elCma mTlianad wmi<strong>da</strong> saflavis eklesiis ganTavisuflebas<br />

miaRwia. amis Semdeg qarTvelebi asormoc<strong>da</strong>aTi wlis ganmavlobaSi mSvidobianad<br />

flobdnen am savanes <strong>da</strong> yvela qristians maTTvis un<strong>da</strong> eTxova qristes saflavze loc-<br />

vis nebarTva. es mSvidoba <strong>da</strong>irRva 1366 wels, rodesac kviprosis somexi mefis eg-<br />

vipteSi samxedro warmatebiT gaTavxedebuli somxebi qrTamis meSveobiT golgoTas <strong>da</strong>-<br />

epatronen <strong>da</strong> ramdenime wliT moaxerxes misi SenarCuneba.<br />

sainteresoa, ras werdnen am periodSi ucxoeli piligrimebi qarTvelTa Sesaxeb:<br />

`qarTvelebs aqvT wmi<strong>da</strong> saflavis eklesiis gasaRebi <strong>da</strong> isini didZali fulisT-<br />

visac ar Seelevian saflavis qvis umcires natexsac ki~ (ludolf zudhaimi, 1347 w.).<br />

`wmi<strong>da</strong> saflavis eklesiaSi... sa<strong>da</strong>c sami jvari aRmoCn<strong>da</strong>, oc<strong>da</strong>cxra safexuri eS-<br />

veba <strong>da</strong>bla <strong>da</strong> ZirSi dgas qvis didi sveti, sai<strong>da</strong>nac mudmivad cvari moJonavs. wmi<strong>da</strong><br />

sakurTxeveli aq iberielebs ekuTvnis~ (arqimandriti agreTeniosi, 1370 w.).<br />

`<strong>qarTuli</strong> wirva imarTeba golgoTaze, sa<strong>da</strong>c a<strong>da</strong>mis Tavis qala Zevs. golgoTis<br />

ZirSi iberielTa miwaa <strong>da</strong> iberielTa wirvebi imarTeba~ (diakvani egnate, 1391 w.).<br />

`qarTvelebi asruleben wirvas golgoTis mTaze, sa<strong>da</strong>c qriste jvars acves <strong>da</strong><br />

sa<strong>da</strong>c a<strong>da</strong>mis Tavis qala Zevs. golgoTis mTis ZirSi iberielTa miwaa, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />

iberielebi TavianT wirvas asruleben~ (egnate smolenskeli, 1389-1405 ww.).<br />

`nebiTa `nebiTa RmrTisaTa RmrTisaTa aqa aqa frangTa frangTa golgoTa golgoTa <strong>da</strong>vagdebine...~<br />

<strong>da</strong>vagdebine...~<br />

Semdgomi saukune iyo qarTvelebsa <strong>da</strong> somxebs Soris golgoTisaTvis brZolis<br />

saukune. somexma monofizitebma ramdenjerme miitaces es uwmidesi adgili, magram<br />

saqarTvelos mefis aleqsandre didis ZalisxmeviT igi isev uwindel mflobelebs<br />

ubrundebo<strong>da</strong>. magram mxolod somxebs ar eWiraT Tvali golgoTaze. mis <strong>da</strong>uflebas<br />

cdilobdnen kaTolikeebic, romlebsac qarTvelebisTvis golgoTis warTmeva ucdiaT<br />

20

1475 wels, Tumca warumateblad. papistebma ukan ar <strong>da</strong>ixies <strong>da</strong> miaRwies imas, rom 1492<br />

wels adgilobrivi sasamarTlos ganaCeniT golgoTis Txemi gaiyo: CrdiloeTi qarT-<br />

velebs <strong>da</strong>rCa, samxreTi ki _ frangebs.<br />

magram Cveni winaprebis gulSi RmrTis rwmena <strong>da</strong> siyvaruli imdenad Zlieri iyo,<br />

rom uflis jvarcmis adgili ise advilad ar eTmobo<strong>da</strong>T. saqarTvelos xelisufalTa<br />

Zalisxmevis Sedegad 1511 wels ierusalimSi Casulma beena ColoyaSvilma kaTolikeebi<br />

golgoTi<strong>da</strong>n gamoaZeva. Tavad beena gvamcnobs: `nebiTa RmrTisaTa aqa frangTa gol-<br />

goTa <strong>da</strong>vagdebine <strong>da</strong> maTi yuela gareT gamouyare _ kandeli <strong>da</strong> rac maTi iyo me cod-<br />

vilma been. amin~. <strong>da</strong> rodesac sami-oTxi wlis Semdeg papistebma golgoTa isev miita-<br />

ces, amjerad igi zosime kumurdoelma gamoisyi<strong>da</strong>, rogorc <strong>jvris</strong> savanis aRapSia<br />

naTqvami: `movi<strong>da</strong> nauasZe zosime kumurdoeli... mas Jamsa frangTa golgoTa waguarTues<br />

<strong>da</strong> man <strong>da</strong>ixsna. <strong>da</strong> erTi kandeli golgoTas <strong>da</strong> erTi juars <strong>da</strong>ukideT samu<strong>da</strong>mo~.<br />

axla ki isev piligrimTa cnobebs movuxmoT:<br />

`wmi<strong>da</strong> saflavis eklesiaSi qarTvelebs ekuTvnis is adgili, sa<strong>da</strong>c wmi<strong>da</strong> jvari<br />

aRmoCn<strong>da</strong>. qarTvelebs ekuTvnis golgoTis mTac... maTia agreTve samlocvelo golgo-<br />

Tis mTis ZirSi, iq, sa<strong>da</strong>c kldeSi naprali gadis. am samlocvelos RmrTismSoblisa <strong>da</strong><br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> ioane maxareblis saxeli hqvia~ (iohan tuxerni, 1479-1480 ww.).<br />

`golgoTis ZirSi lamazi eklesia dgas. iq sakurTxevlis Tavze rva kandelia,<br />

xolo sakurTxevlis ukan _ Tormeti. es eklesiac qarTvelebs ekuTvnis~ (meTeqvsmete<br />

saukunis <strong>da</strong>sawyisi).<br />

`golgoTis mTasTan Tavisuflad SeiZleba misvla. mis kalTebze <strong>da</strong> mwvervalze...<br />

qarTvelTa bevri sacxovrebelia~ (hercogi fridrix II, 1507 w.).<br />

`wmi<strong>da</strong> golgoTa, sa<strong>da</strong>c qriste jvars acves, kldeze mdebareobs. aq ori eklesiaa.<br />

erTi mwvervalze, meore <strong>da</strong>bla. zeviT is adgilia, sa<strong>da</strong>c qriste acves jvars, qveviT ki<br />

is adgili, sa<strong>da</strong>c a<strong>da</strong>mi <strong>da</strong>krZales. orive eklesia qarTvelebs ekuTvnis~ (1517 w.).<br />

`...amisTvis `...amisTvis Suri Suri Suri iSurva iSurva saxlisa saxlisa RmrTisa RmrTisa ssabaoTisaTvis<br />

ss<br />

baoTisaTvis<br />

maradis maradis moxsenebulman moxsenebulman man man man mefeman~<br />

mefeman~<br />

xanmokle simSvidis Semdeg isev tkivilisa <strong>da</strong> SfoTis Jami <strong>da</strong>udga wmi<strong>da</strong> miwas.<br />

palestina Turq-selCukebma <strong>da</strong>ipyres <strong>da</strong> iwyes qristianebis Seviwroeba <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> maTi ek-<br />

lesia-<strong>mona</strong>strebisTvis mZime ga<strong>da</strong>saxadebis <strong>da</strong>kisreba. vinc ver ga<strong>da</strong>ixdi<strong>da</strong>, maT taZ-<br />

rebs Zarcvavdnen <strong>da</strong> ketavdnen. aseT mdgomareobaSi aRmoCndnen qarTvelebic. <strong>da</strong> ai,<br />

keTilmsaxurma levan kaxTa mefem qristes saflavis, golgoTisa <strong>da</strong> sxva siwmideTa<br />

<strong>da</strong>saxsnelad ierusalimSi wargzavna <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris winamZRvari ioakime: `RmrTismoy-<br />

varesa mefesa qarTvelTa <strong>da</strong> kaxTasa ufalsa leons, rameTu esmo<strong>da</strong> ra oxrad<br />

<strong>da</strong>carieleba warmarTTagan wmidisa sionisa <strong>da</strong> saflavisa qristesisa <strong>da</strong> arara zrunva<br />

<strong>da</strong>edvaT gulsa misTvis arca berZenTa, arca rusTa <strong>da</strong> frangTa, amisTvis Suri iSurva<br />

saxlisa RmrTisa sabaoTisaTvis maradis moxsenebulman man mefeman <strong>da</strong> mravali safase<br />

warago, <strong>da</strong> ioakim jvaris mama qarTveli warmoavlina winaSe mTavarTa <strong>da</strong> SixTa arab-<br />

Tasa, <strong>da</strong> aRavso safasiTa igini <strong>da</strong> aRaSena saflavi qristesi <strong>da</strong> golgoTa <strong>da</strong><br />

ganwmides Seginebuli warmarTTagan wmi<strong>da</strong>ni eklesiani, <strong>da</strong> iwyes wesisamebr qristi-<br />

aneTasa dResaswauloba sions, mTasa wmi<strong>da</strong>sa uflisasa~. qarTvel mRvdelmTavars,<br />

timoTe gabaSvils, Tavisi TvaliT unaxavs, rom golgoTaze <strong>ierusalimis</strong> patriarqis<br />

21

taxtis saferxe qvaze qarTulad ewera: `mefeman qarTvelTa <strong>da</strong> kaxTaman leon war-<br />

moavlina ioakim jvaris mama safasiTa <strong>da</strong> saflavi qristesi <strong>da</strong> golgoTa man aRaSena~.<br />

<strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris winamZRvarma es saRmrTo saqme ganasrula 1536 wels.<br />

amasobaSi ki samTavroebad <strong>da</strong>Slil saqarTvelos Tan<strong>da</strong>Tan Zal-Rone eclebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>ierusalimis</strong> qarTul savaneebsac sul ufro uWir<strong>da</strong>T ga<strong>da</strong>rCenisaTvis brZola. qarT-<br />

velebi Zlivs umklavdebodnen franciskanelebisa <strong>da</strong> sxvaTa swrafvas wmi<strong>da</strong> adgilebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>uflebisaTvis. 1577 wels imereTis mefe giorgi II <strong>da</strong> guriis mTavarma giorgi gu-<br />

rielma stambolSi sulTanTan elCi gagzavnes saCivriT: `qarTvelTa gvartoms ieru-<br />

salimSi ZvelTaganve TiTo-TiTo salocavi adgili hqon<strong>da</strong>. qarTvelebi miwyiv midiod-<br />

nen <strong>da</strong> ase Taobi<strong>da</strong>n Taobamde loculobdnen. axla ki franciskanelebma... <strong>da</strong> somxebma...<br />

xsenebuli salocavi adgilebi qarTveli modgmis berebs waarTves, Zalmomreoben <strong>da</strong><br />

aviwroeben~. magram qarTvel xelisufalTa Zalisxmevam mxolod mas Semdeg gamoiRo<br />

nayofi, rac saqmeSi CarTes im drois saqarTveloSi erT-erTi yvelaze gavleniani <strong>da</strong><br />

Turqebis mier pativcemuli kaxeTis mefe aleqsandre II, <strong>da</strong> elCobi<strong>da</strong>n ori wlis Sem-<br />

deg golgoTisa <strong>da</strong> qristes saflavis savane qarTvel berebs ga<strong>da</strong>eca.<br />

vnaxoT, ras werdnen ucxoeli momlocvelebi qarTvelebze am SualedSi:<br />

`im adgilze, sa<strong>da</strong>c RmrTismSobeli <strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> ioane RmrTismetyveli idgnen <strong>da</strong><br />

jvarcmul qristes umzerdnen, qarTvelebi asruleben wirvas~ (nikoloz anagnosti, 1542<br />

w.).<br />

`saucxoo qalaq trapizoni<strong>da</strong>n, romelic evqsinis zRvazea, iwyeba qarTvelTa qvey-<br />

ana. igi ga<strong>da</strong>Wimulia aRmosavleTiT, vidre somxeTamde. qarTvelebi keTilni <strong>da</strong><br />

ubraloni arian, magram miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad amisa Zlieri <strong>da</strong> Seupovari meomrebi gaxlavT...<br />

ierusalimSi aqvT TavianTi adgilebi, sa<strong>da</strong>c galoben <strong>da</strong> wirvas asruleben, kerZod,<br />

golgoTas mTis eklesiaSi Cveni meufis ieso qristes saflavis axlos, iq, sa<strong>da</strong>c igi<br />

pirvelad warudga mariam mag<strong>da</strong>linels mebaRis saxiT Tavisi aRdgomis Semdeg~ (leon-<br />

hard roixvolfeni, 1573 w.).<br />

`<strong>jvris</strong> (golgoTis mTa) sakurTxevelTan laTin moZRvrebs sruliad akrZaluli<br />

aqvT wmi<strong>da</strong> dResaswaulebis aRniSvna, radganac berZnuli ritualis mimdevari am sa-<br />

kurTxevlis mflobeli qarTveli berebi amis uflebas ar aZleven... isini golgoTis<br />

eklesiaSi wiraven <strong>da</strong> am saxlisa <strong>da</strong> golgoTis mTis sxva samlocvelos gar<strong>da</strong> amJamad<br />

mTis naxevarsac floben~ (ioane kotoviko, meTeqvsmete saukunis <strong>da</strong>sasruli).<br />

`golgoTis mTa: es samlocvelo yvelaze lamazia <strong>da</strong> ekuTvnis qarTvelebs; iq maT<br />

ormoc<strong>da</strong>aTi kandeli unTiaT...~ (martinus seuseniusi, 1602-1603 ww.).<br />

`Tu `Tu ier ierusalimi ier salimi <strong>da</strong>gekargvian,<br />

raRa raRa sjuli sjuli <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> an an an rasRa rasRa pir<strong>jvris</strong> pir<strong>jvris</strong> wera wera geqnebaT...~<br />

geqnebaT...~<br />

geqnebaT...~<br />

golgoTis savaneSi mravalsaukunovani mkvidrobis Semdeg <strong>da</strong>dga Jami, rodesac<br />

qarTvelebi iZulebuli iyvnen <strong>da</strong>etovebinaT adgili, sa<strong>da</strong>c RmrTis mowyalebam ganbana<br />

codviT ganxrwnili a<strong>da</strong>mis modgmis wylulebi <strong>da</strong> zecad aRamaRla. sakvirvelia, rogor<br />

Seiyvara qarTvelma xalxma ufali, rom misgan esodeni madli eboZa _ am erTi ci<strong>da</strong><br />

eris Svilebi saukuneebis manZilze flobdnen golgoTis mTis, am marTlac<strong>da</strong> samyaros<br />

gulis kliteebs <strong>da</strong> am wmi<strong>da</strong>Tawmi<strong>da</strong> adgili<strong>da</strong>n swiravdnen RmerTs msxverpls locvisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> ziarebisa `mSvidobisaTvis yovlisa soflisa, keTilad dgomisaTvis wmi<strong>da</strong>Ta<br />

22

RmrTisa eklesiaTa <strong>da</strong> yovelTa erTobisaTvis~ WeSmarit sarwmunoebaSi. <strong>da</strong> ai, meCvid-<br />

mete saukunis Sua xanebSi qarTvelebma miatoves golgoTa <strong>da</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>sterSi ga<strong>da</strong>s-<br />

axldnen, raTa osmalTa mier <strong>da</strong>kisrebuli mZime ga<strong>da</strong>saxadebisaTvis Tavi <strong>da</strong>eRwiaT.<br />

didi gulistkiviliT wer<strong>da</strong> `golgoTas mdgomi~ <strong>mona</strong>zoni marTa <strong>da</strong>savleT saqarT-<br />

velos kaTalikos grigols (1696-1742): `amisTana ra gasaWiri aris, rom aqauroba ase<br />

<strong>da</strong>kargeT?.. nu iqT, nu <strong>da</strong>kargavT am meufis saxls. yoveli suli amisTvis kvdebis, rom<br />

aq erTis trapezis <strong>da</strong>sadebi adgili iSovnos <strong>da</strong> Tqven sul ierusalimi <strong>da</strong>kargeT! es<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> adgili sruliad qarTvelis yofila <strong>da</strong> exla lamis rom sul gamovvardeT... Tu<br />

ierusalimi <strong>da</strong>gekargvian, raRa sjuli <strong>da</strong> an rasRa pir<strong>jvris</strong> wera geqnebaT...~<br />

meTvramete saukunis Sua xanebSi aRdgomis savane timoTe gabaSvilma moiloca <strong>da</strong><br />

iq verc erTi TanamoZme veRar naxa. gulistkiviliT wer<strong>da</strong> qarTveli mRvdelmTavari:<br />

`rameTu mefeTa saqarTvelosaTa saxelovanTa xmliTa miT ZlieriTa aRimaRlnes xmani<br />

maTni <strong>da</strong> tyveqmnili qristes saflavi sparsTa <strong>da</strong> TurqTa waruxvnes, gamoixsnes <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong>ipyrnes <strong>da</strong> aRaSennes ese wmi<strong>da</strong>ni adgilni <strong>da</strong> eseodenni <strong>mona</strong>sterni sulisa maTisa<br />

saoxad <strong>da</strong> SemdgomTa naTesavTa <strong>da</strong>uunjnes saunjed waruparvelad <strong>da</strong> saqarTveloTa<br />

Sina agarakni <strong>da</strong> sofelnica Seswirnes.<br />

xolo wmi<strong>da</strong>Ta mamaTa CvenTa qarTvelTa sasoebad ama adgilsa xorcni ganlines<br />

moRvawebiTa aqa <strong>da</strong> sisxli <strong>da</strong>sTxivnes ama sakvirvelTa adgilTa.<br />

sxvaTa Targmaneba saRmrToTa sjulTa aqeTgan moiRes <strong>da</strong> aRasrulnes, orisave<br />

soflisa sulTa <strong>da</strong> xorcTani didebisa <strong>da</strong> brwyinvalebisa momatyvebelni.<br />

aw gancvifrebul var di<strong>da</strong>d, Tu rasaTvis ugulebels yvnes qarTvelTa didni ese<br />

<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong>ni adgilni <strong>da</strong> angelozTaca Tayvanisacemeli. mravalni mefeni qristianeni<br />

iRvwian <strong>da</strong> yoveli sofeli qristianoba, raTamca adgili iqonies aqa aRsanTebeli kan-<br />

delTa <strong>da</strong> trapezi msxverplis Sesawiravi, aramed ara epovebaT. aramed sruliad qarT-<br />

velTa ars, <strong>da</strong> maTi kandelni <strong>da</strong> moxseneba ars amaT Sina, <strong>da</strong> maT netarTa aRuSenebia.<br />

rasaTvis erTi vinme maTi mRvdeli ar iyofebis aqa?.. vinaTgan mokv<strong>da</strong>vni varT, amis<br />

ubrwyinvales alags sad vpovebT <strong>da</strong> sad moixsenebodes Cveni suli?! anu rasaTvis<br />

<strong>da</strong>ugdiaT esodeni Wirnaxuli?~<br />

ratom <strong>da</strong>vkargeT qarTvelebma golgoTa? gana marTlac ga<strong>da</strong>saxadebis simZimem<br />

gvaiZula, samu<strong>da</strong>mod migvetovebina es wmi<strong>da</strong>Tawmi<strong>da</strong> adgili? gana uaresi droeba ar<br />

axsovs golgoTis savanes, rodesac mas Zlevamosili <strong>da</strong>mpyrobni Tu mzakvari mwvale-<br />

belni euflebodnen <strong>da</strong> mtkiced ikidebdnen iq fexs? qarTvelni ki mainc axerxebdnen<br />

mis <strong>da</strong>brunebas! maS raSia saqme? saqme is aris, rom sanam qarTveli erisTvis RmerTi<br />

<strong>da</strong> misi mcnebebi iyo umaRlesi faseuloba, romelsac igi araferze gacvli<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> mzad<br />

iyo rwmenisaTvis sisxlic ki <strong>da</strong>eTxia, manam RmerTic swyalob<strong>da</strong> mas <strong>da</strong> patara saqarT-<br />

velos Svilebs amyofeb<strong>da</strong> im adgilze, sa<strong>da</strong>c Tavad gankacebulma Zem RmrTisam jvarze<br />

vnebiT sasufevlis bWeni ganuRo Secdomili a<strong>da</strong>mis modgmas; maSin roca did <strong>da</strong> Zlier<br />

qristianul saxelmwifoebs swyuro<strong>da</strong>T iq <strong>da</strong>mkvidreba. magram rogorc ki qarTvelTa<br />

Soris Tan<strong>da</strong>Tan ganel<strong>da</strong> rwmena <strong>da</strong> siyvaruli RmrTisa, qarTvelma kacma zecas mowy-<br />

vita mzera <strong>da</strong> miwas miejaWva, maSinve mogvakl<strong>da</strong> wyaloba RmrTisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>vkargeT ara<br />

marto wmi<strong>da</strong> adgilebi ierusalimSi, aramed sul male _ saxelmwifoebriobac, mefis<br />

taxti <strong>da</strong> eklesiis avtokefalia. JamTaaRmwerlis marTebuli SeniSvniT, `<strong>da</strong>viviwyeT<br />

RmerTi <strong>da</strong> RmerTmanca samarTlad <strong>da</strong>gviviwya~. netav viswavliT Cvens winaparTa Secdomebze<br />

Tu istoriis gakveTili fuWad Caivlis?!<br />

23

sityva sityva uflis uflis patiosani patiosani <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> cxovelmyofeli cxovelmyofeli <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> amaRlebaze<br />

amaRlebaze<br />

vadidebT jvars <strong>da</strong> mTeli eklesia didebis elvarebiT ivseba. vadidebT jvars <strong>da</strong><br />

mTel msoflios sixarulis Saravandedi efineba. vadidebT jvars <strong>da</strong> ifanteba bneli<br />

<strong>da</strong> gamobrwyindeba naTeli.<br />

jvari amaRldeba <strong>da</strong> eSmakis borotis Zala, <strong>da</strong>marcxebuli, <strong>da</strong>emxoba <strong>da</strong> Seimus-<br />

reba. jvari amaRldeba <strong>da</strong> yvela morwmune Semoikribeba. jvari amaRldeba <strong>da</strong> qalaqebi<br />

dResaswauloben <strong>da</strong> xalxebi zeimoben.<br />

martooden gaxseneba jvarisa cxovelmyofel sixaruls badebs <strong>da</strong> mZime gasaWirs<br />

gvimsubuqebs. jvarze Sexedva simamaces gvaniWebs <strong>da</strong> SiSs gandevnis.<br />

vinc moipova jvari, man moipova saunje. Tqven SeiZleba ifiqroT, rom saunjeSi<br />

vgulisxmob indoeTis oqrosa <strong>da</strong> Zvirfas qvebs, amaoebiT gatacebul a<strong>da</strong>mianebs rom<br />

xiblavs. ara. Cemi azriT, yvelaze Zvirfasi <strong>da</strong> saukeTeso saunje, mTeli samarTliano-<br />

biT, aris jvari, romelzec aRmarTulia Cveni xsnis Senoba. rom ar yofiliyo jvari,<br />

qristesac ar acvamdnen jvars, ar gaiRebo<strong>da</strong> CvenTvis samoTxe <strong>da</strong> avazaki ar gaxde-<br />

bo<strong>da</strong> samoTxis mkvidri. rom ar yofiliyo jvari, ar <strong>da</strong>iTrgunebo<strong>da</strong> sikvdili, ar gan-<br />

SiSvldebo<strong>da</strong> jojoxeTi <strong>da</strong> ar moikvlebo<strong>da</strong> boroti gveli. amitomac jvari didi <strong>da</strong><br />

Zvirfasi saunjea. didi imitom, rom misi meSveobiT gancxad<strong>da</strong> didi qvelmoqmedebani.<br />

Zvirfasi imitom, rom jvari qristes vnebebisa <strong>da</strong> gamarjvebis niSania. vnebebisa _<br />

radgan man Tavisi nebiT ixila masze gemo sikvdilisa. gamarjvebisa _ radgan <strong>da</strong>mar-<br />

cx<strong>da</strong> eSmaki, iZlia sikvdili, Seimusra jojoxeTis bWeni <strong>da</strong> jvari Seiqna sayovelTao<br />

xsna mTeli msofliosaTvis.<br />

jvari aris qristianTa sasoeba, sasowarkveTilTa mxsneli, mSfoTvareTa navTsa-<br />

yudeli, uZlurTa mkurnali, vnebaTa ganmdevneli, simrTelis momniWebeli, <strong>da</strong>saRupad<br />

ganwirulTa cxoneba.<br />

jvari aris iaraRi mtris winaaRmdeg, mefobis kverTxi, mSvenierebis gvirgvini,<br />

rwmenis burji, brmaTa winamZRvari, bnelSi msxdomTa naTeli, umecarTa moZRvari,<br />

WabukTa maswavleli, yrmaTa mimxedveli, CvilTa gamzrdeli, codvis <strong>da</strong>mTrgunveli, si-<br />

nanulis maxarobeli, simarTlis mqa<strong>da</strong>gebeli.<br />

jvari aris kibe zecad aRmavali, cxonebis sawin<strong>da</strong>ri, sikvdili sikvdilisaTvis,<br />

kadniereba RmrTisadmi, klite caTa sasufevlis. jvari aris guSagi RamiT, simtkice<br />

dRisiT, sixarulSi Semkavebeli, mwuxarebaSi gamamxnevebeli, gulis momalbobeli, Se-<br />

marigebeli, mebrZoli, <strong>da</strong>mcveli, mfarveli.<br />

jvari aris qvrivTa meoxi, obolTa mfarveli <strong>da</strong> gamomzrdeli. jvari aris mmarT-<br />

velTa Rirseba, mefeTa simtkice, winamZRolTa gamarjveba, qalwulebis beWedi, colqm-<br />

robis kavSiri. jvari aris qalaqebis mcveli, sacxovrebelTa mfarveli, megobrebis<br />

Suamavali, mtrebze SurismaZiebeli.<br />

jvari aris siyvarulis meufe, soflis <strong>da</strong>mamSvidebeli, _ mokled rom vTqvaT:<br />

jvari aris qristes vnebaTa Tavi, CvenTvis aRsrulebuli saswaulebis gvirgvini.<br />

amitomac jvari iwodeba qristes didebad <strong>da</strong> qristes simaRled. imis Sesaxeb, rom<br />

jvari Seadgens qristes didebas, Tavad qristesgan moismine. igi ambobs: `aw idi<strong>da</strong> Ze<br />

kacisaÁ, <strong>da</strong> RmerTica idi<strong>da</strong> mis Tana... <strong>da</strong> meyseulad adidos igi~ (iovan. 13, 31-32). aseve:<br />

`<strong>da</strong> aw madide me, mamao, Tavisa Senisa Tana didebiTa miT, romeli maqun<strong>da</strong> winaSe Sensa<br />

uwinares soflis <strong>da</strong>badebisa~ (iovan. 17, 5). <strong>da</strong> kidev: `mamao, adide Ze Seni. moiwia misa<br />

24

xmaÁ zeciT: <strong>da</strong> vadide <strong>da</strong> kualadca vadido~ (iovan. 12, 28). aq qriste saubrobs im<br />

didebaze, romelic Tan axl<strong>da</strong> mis jvars, anu misi jvarcmisas mTeli bunebis<br />

Zrwolasa <strong>da</strong> tanjvaze. rameTu saWiro iyo, rom qmnilebebs TanaegrZnoT SemoqmedisT-<br />

vis. imis Sesaxeb ki, rom jvari Seadgens qristes simaRlesac, moismine, ra Tqva qris-<br />

tem: `<strong>da</strong> me odes avmaRlde queyaniT, yovelni movizidne Cem<strong>da</strong>~ (iovan. 12, 32). <strong>da</strong> sxvagan:<br />

`<strong>da</strong> viTarca-igi mose aRamaRla gueli igi u<strong>da</strong>bnos, egreT jer-ars amaRlebaÁ Zisa<br />

kacisaÁ~ ratom? `raÁTa yovelsa romelsa hrwmenes igi, ara warswymdes, aramed aqundes<br />

cxorebaÁ saukunoÁ~ (iovan. 3, 14-15). xom xe<strong>da</strong>v, rom jvari Seadgens didebas <strong>da</strong> simaR-<br />

les qristesas. Tuki qristes jvari aris dideba, maS dResac jvari imitom amaRldeba,<br />

rom ididos qriste. qriste ki idideba, raTa TavisTan erTad Cvenc aRgvamaRlos.<br />

amitom, rodesac amaRldeba jvari, maSin masTan erTad amaRldeba keTilmsaxurTa<br />

sulebic. idideba qriste <strong>da</strong> masTan erTad idideba misi madidebelnic. amaRldeba<br />

jvari <strong>da</strong> aRadgens <strong>da</strong>cemulebs.<br />

mas Semdeg, rac qristes jvari arsebobs, Tayvanis-icemeba qriste. qristes <strong>jvris</strong><br />

droi<strong>da</strong>n Cven SevicaniT Ze RmrTisa. qristes <strong>jvris</strong> droi<strong>da</strong>n Tayvans-vcemT Zes mamasTan<br />

erTad. qristes <strong>jvris</strong> droi<strong>da</strong>n iudevelTa wes-Cveulebebi gauqm<strong>da</strong>, warmarToba <strong>da</strong>eca,<br />

qristianoba didebiT Seimosa, haeri ganiwmin<strong>da</strong>. qristes <strong>jvris</strong> droi<strong>da</strong>n Cven viswavleT<br />

rwmena mamisa <strong>da</strong> Zisa <strong>da</strong> wmidisa sulisa <strong>da</strong> uarvyaviT warmarTuli mravalRmerTiano-<br />

bis <strong>da</strong>mRupveli bodva. qristes <strong>jvris</strong> droi<strong>da</strong>n sikvdils arad vagdebT, kerpebi<br />

Seimusra, cxovelebis msxverplad Sewirva Sewy<strong>da</strong>, eSmakebi ganidevna, bomonebi sa-<br />

fuZvlamde <strong>da</strong>ingra. yvelgan eklesiebia, sakurTxevlebi, galoba, RvTismsaxureba.<br />

magram rad vilaparakoT bevri? qristes <strong>jvris</strong> droi<strong>da</strong>n a<strong>da</strong>mianebi angelozebTan<br />

erTad cxovroben, zeca Riaa miwis SvilebisaTvis <strong>da</strong> RmerTi myofobs <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>emkvidreba<br />

kacTa Soris.<br />

hoi, jvaro, qristes <strong>da</strong> Cveno mraval-ganTqmulo siqadulo! hoi, Zelo didebulo,<br />

romelzec ganerTxa qriste! hoi, jvaro, romlis mier warixoca codvis xeliTwerili!<br />

hoi, jvaro, uTvalavi wyalobis saunjeo, samoTxisadmi winamZRvaro, sasufevlis mek-<br />

litulo, codvaTagan ganmxsnelo, ZlevaTa momniWebelo!<br />

qristem, Senze mimsWvalulma, zecaSi mimaval kibed gaqcia. qristem, Senze<br />

ganrTxmulma, codviT SekrulTa borkilebi ganxsna. qristem, Senze nebsiT amaRle-<br />

bulma, TavisTan erTad sofelic aRamaRla. swored es jvari qristesi Seiqna CvenTvis<br />

yvela kurTxevis wyaro.<br />

Tayvani-eciT jvars, radgan misi meSveobiT SevicaniT ufali. jvari Tayvansacemia,<br />

radgan kurTxeulia masze jvarcmuli. jvari Tayvansacemia, radgan misi meSveobiT<br />

vixileT gemo cxonebis sitkboebisa. kurTxeulia xe: masze RmerTi xorciT ganerTxa.<br />

kurTxeulia xe: misi meSveobiT avazaki samoTxeSi Sevi<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> am xisgan gemos xilvam<br />

Zvelad nagemi simware aRxoca.<br />

gana SeiZleba raime iyos ufro mSvenieri? savane, romelic <strong>da</strong>xSa cdunebulma<br />

a<strong>da</strong>mma, gaaRo keTilgonierma avazakma; sai<strong>da</strong>nac a<strong>da</strong>mi ganidevna, iq mouwodes avazaks.<br />

maS, aRimaRleT dRes xma <strong>da</strong> SeswireT dideba <strong>da</strong> Tayvaniscema qristes Zes RmrTi-<br />

sas. `yoveli Teslebi, raodeni hqmen, moviden <strong>da</strong> Tayuanis-gcen winaSe Sensa, ufalo, <strong>da</strong><br />

adidebden saxelsa Sensa. rameTu did xar Sen, <strong>da</strong> moqmedi sakvirvelebaTaÁ, Sen xar<br />

RmerTi mxoloÁ~ (fsal. 85, 9-10).<br />

25<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> andria kriteli

madlmosili madlmosili madlmosili cecxlis cecxlis gar<strong>da</strong>mosvla gar<strong>da</strong>mosvla uflis uflis saflavze<br />

saflavze<br />

qristes brwyinvale aRdgomis win, did SabaTs (Zveli stiliT) uflis saflavze<br />

madlmosili cecxlis gar<strong>da</strong>mosvla sakvirveli mtkicebaa marTlmadidebluri sarwmu-<br />

noebis WeSmaritebisa <strong>da</strong> didebulebisa. cecxls saukuneebis manZilze mxolod ieru-<br />

salimis marTlmadidebeli patriarqi an misi mosaydre iRebs, radgan mRvimeSi mxolod<br />

misi Sesvlisas gadmodis madlmosili cecxli.<br />

univTo cecxlma, mociqulTa <strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> mamaTa mowmobiT, jer kidev aRdgomisas ga-<br />

nabrwyina uflis saflavi. wmi<strong>da</strong> grigol noseli wers: `petre xe<strong>da</strong>v<strong>da</strong> ara marto xor-<br />

cieli TvaliT, aramed mociqulebrivi gonebiTac _ macxovris saflavi aevso naTels,<br />

<strong>da</strong> Tumca Rame iyo, orgvari xedviT Wvret<strong>da</strong> _ grZnobierad <strong>da</strong> sulierad~. wmi<strong>da</strong> ioane<br />

<strong>da</strong>maskeli wers: `petre <strong>da</strong>dga saflavTan <strong>da</strong> SeZrwun<strong>da</strong> mxedveli naTlisa~.<br />

pirveli cnoba madlmosili cecxlis gadmosvlis Sesaxeb ekuTvnis meoTxe sauku-<br />

nis gamoCenil istorikossa <strong>da</strong> sasuliero moRvawes evsevi kesariels. meoTxe saukuneSi<br />

elene dedofalma uflis saflavze taZari aago <strong>da</strong> kurTxevisTanave RmerTma zeciuri<br />

cecxli gar<strong>da</strong>moavlina masSi.<br />

gadmocemiT, saladinis mmarTvelobis dros TviT xalifac ki misula did SabaTs<br />

aRdgomis taZarSi sanTlebiT xelSi madlmosili cecxlis misaRebad. mahmadianebi mas<br />

zeciur cecxls uwodeben <strong>da</strong> siwmided aRiareben. mxolod kaTolikeebs ar sjeraT,<br />

rom es RmrTisgan boZebuli saswaulia.<br />

did SabaTs dili<strong>da</strong>nve aRdgomis eklesiaSi Tavs iyris uricxvi xalxi, romelTa<br />

umetesi nawili adgilobrivi <strong>da</strong> sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva qveyni<strong>da</strong>n Camosuli marTlmadidebeli<br />

qristiania. taZarSi yvela kandelsa <strong>da</strong> sanTels jer kidev did xuTSabaTs aqroben.<br />

macxovris saflavze dgamen zeTiT savse Camqral kandels, saflavis kideebze avleben<br />

bafTas <strong>da</strong> mTel mis ze<strong>da</strong>pirze Slian bambis fTilebs. kuvukliis kars policiis Tanx-<br />

lebiT beW<strong>da</strong>ven <strong>da</strong> did SabaTamde ase toveben.<br />

didSabaTis ciskris <strong>da</strong>wyebis win uZvelesi droi<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>mkvidrebuli wes-Cveulebis<br />

Tanaxmad marTlmadidebeli arabebi kuvuklias samgzis Semourbenen garSemo <strong>da</strong> sixa-<br />

ruliT xmamaRla gahyvirian: `ar aris sxva sarwmunoeba, gar<strong>da</strong> marTlmadidebeli<br />

sarwmunoebisa!~ taZris sakurTxevelSi ikribeba marTlmadidebeli samRvdeloeba ieru-<br />

salimis patriarqis winamZRolobiT. gansazRvruli drois <strong>da</strong>dgomisas sameufo kari<br />

iReba <strong>da</strong> patriarqi samRvdeloebis Tan<strong>da</strong>swrebiT miemarTeba uflis saflavisken ga-<br />

lobiT: `aRdgomasa Sensa, qriste macxovar, angelozni ugaloben caTa Sina, <strong>da</strong> Cvenca<br />

queyanasa ze<strong>da</strong> Rirs-myven wmidiTa guliTa didebad Sen<strong>da</strong>!~<br />

saRmrTo kreba samjer Semouvlis garSemo wmi<strong>da</strong> kuvuklias, ris Semdegac<br />

saflavis kars beWedi aexsneba, patriarqi saflavis win dgeba, sadResaswaulo samo-<br />

sisgan ganimoseba <strong>da</strong> mxolod TeTr bisonSi Semosili mRvimeSi SebrZandeba. iq srul<br />

sibneleSi igi loculobs cecxlis gar<strong>da</strong>mosvlisTvis <strong>da</strong> mTel msoflios Seavedrebs<br />

RmerTs. taZari garindulia. dekanozi petre konWoSvili gadmogvcems: `am dResaswau-<br />

lobiTs wams <strong>da</strong>mSviddeba eklesiaSi aRelveba: yovelive aRivseba molodebiTa <strong>da</strong> Rrma<br />

dumili sufevs yovelsa kuTxesa vrcelis <strong>da</strong> mraval-erovnulis krebisa. erTbaSad<br />

moismis quxilis msgavsi yvirili sxva <strong>da</strong> sxva enazed 30 aTasis krebisa, romelic<br />

SeaZrwunebs ZarRuebsa, <strong>da</strong> maRali TaRebic taZrisa aorkeceben am xmianobasa. wmi<strong>da</strong><br />

cecxli aRmobrwyindeba TviT qriste macxovris saflavi<strong>da</strong>m <strong>da</strong> iqi<strong>da</strong>m aRanTebs<br />

26

sanTelTa patriarqi. am wmi<strong>da</strong> cecxls molurjo naTeli aqvs <strong>da</strong> arca swvavs. zogni<br />

pirisaxeze<strong>da</strong>c Semoivleben anTebuls sanTelsa <strong>da</strong> arca swvavso, viTarca gadmomces iq<br />

<strong>da</strong>mswreT wmi<strong>da</strong> cecxlis gamoCenis drosa. am dros TiToeuls iq <strong>da</strong>mswres, didsa <strong>da</strong><br />

pataras, un<strong>da</strong> epyras xelTa Sina oc<strong>da</strong> aTcameti sanTeli, saxsovrad qriste macxovris<br />

qveynierad cxovrebisa 33 welTa... zarebis rekiTa, rkinis sarakunebelis tyepiTa, sasix-<br />

arulo xmiTa de<strong>da</strong>kacTa <strong>da</strong> taZris ganaTebiTa 30 aTasis cecxliTa patriarqs gar<strong>da</strong>iy-<br />

vanen arabni xeliTa ukanve sakrebulo taZris sakurTxevelSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c <strong>da</strong>uyovnebliv<br />

<strong>da</strong>iwyeba didSabaTis ciskari~.<br />

yoveli wlis did SabaTs uflis saflavze madlmosili cecxlis gar<strong>da</strong>mosvla<br />

mTeli msoflios winaSe didebulad mowmobs, rom qriste WeSmaritad aRdga <strong>da</strong> rom<br />

mis mier moniWebuli madli codviT <strong>da</strong>cemuli a<strong>da</strong>mianis sulieri ganaxlebisa <strong>da</strong> caTa<br />

sasufevlis <strong>da</strong>mkvidrebisa mxolod wmi<strong>da</strong> marTlmadidebeli eklesiis wiaRSi aris <strong>da</strong>-<br />

vanebuli. <strong>da</strong> am WeSmaritebis winaaRmdgomT Semusravs ufali. 1549 wels somexma mono-<br />

fizitebma moisyides osmalebi, wmi<strong>da</strong> miwis imJamindeli mmarTvelebi, <strong>da</strong> madlmosili<br />

cecxlis miRebis ufleba moipoves. im wlis did SabaTs marTlmadidebeli patriarqi<br />

Zalis gamoyenebiT taZarSi ar SeuSves, cecxlis misaRebad ki uflis saflavSi ieru-<br />

salimis somexi patriarqi Sevi<strong>da</strong>. somxebi didxans elodnen saswauls, maTi sulieri<br />

winamZRoli gulmodgined loculob<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> saflavis win, magram gancruvna sasoeba<br />

misi, RmrTaebrivi cecxli ara <strong>da</strong> ar gadmodio<strong>da</strong>. uceb mowmendil caze <strong>da</strong>iquxa, taZ-<br />

ris Sesasvlelis erT-erTi sveti, romelTanac idga marTlmadidebeli patriarqi sam-<br />

Rvdeloebasa <strong>da</strong> mrevlTan erTad <strong>da</strong> mxurvaled loculob<strong>da</strong>, gaipo <strong>da</strong> naprali<strong>da</strong>n<br />

cecxli gadmovi<strong>da</strong>. marTlmadidebelma patriarqma cecxli aitaca <strong>da</strong> iq myofT ga<strong>da</strong>sca.<br />

am dros mox<strong>da</strong> sxva, aranakleb RirsSesaniSnavi ambavi: erTi Turqi oficeri, saxelad<br />

anvarma, romelic Tavis jariskacebTan erTad sa<strong>da</strong>rajoze idga maxlobeli Senobis<br />

ze<strong>da</strong> sarTulze, saswaulis xilvisas Zirs gadmoeSva <strong>da</strong> SesZaxa: `me qristiani var!~<br />

qvafenilze <strong>da</strong>cemisas anvars araferi <strong>da</strong>Savebia, misi fexis kvali ki marmarilos<br />

filebma dRemde Semoinaxes. Turqebma Tavi mokveTes anvars, tani ki <strong>da</strong>wves. mowamis<br />

ferfli, romelmac sisxliT miiRo wmi<strong>da</strong> naTlisReba, erT-erT <strong>mona</strong>sterSia <strong>da</strong>culi.<br />

madlmosili cecxli mowodebaa sinanulisken. ufali mTel kacobriobas <strong>da</strong> Ti-<br />

Toeul a<strong>da</strong>mians aniWebs cxonebis kidev erT SesaZleblobas. `saiT miiCqariT, _ TiTqos<br />

gveubneba igi. _ sad miqriT dRe <strong>da</strong> Ram? ratom CaiZireT fusfussa <strong>da</strong> amaoebaSi? ase<br />

gacxarebiT ratom zrunavT fulze? gana masSia WeSmariteba? gana masSia xsna? me xom<br />

giTxariT: `eZiebdiT pirvelad sasufevelsa RmrTisasa <strong>da</strong> simarTlesa missa, <strong>da</strong> ese<br />

yoveli SegeZinos Tquen~ (maT. 6, 33). Tqven ise iqceviT, TiTqos a<strong>da</strong>mianis cxovreba mi-<br />

waze mTavrdebodes. Tqven saerTod <strong>da</strong>iviwyeT zeca, cxovreba ki mxolod iq iwyeba.<br />

SeCerdiT! CaixedeT sakuTar TavSi! SewyviteT usjuloebaTa qmna!<br />

moinanieT Tqveni codvebi! moinanieT dResve, radgan xvalindeli dRe SeiZleba<br />

aRarc iyos! nu gauSvebT xeli<strong>da</strong>n Tqvens ukanasknel SesaZleblobas! me Tqven yvelas<br />

gixmobT zecaSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c saukuno sixaruli <strong>da</strong> netarebaa!~<br />

gvin<strong>da</strong> virwmunoT, rom sanam qveynad rCeba Tun<strong>da</strong>c erTi keTilgonieri a<strong>da</strong>miani,<br />

mze amova horizontze; sanam a<strong>da</strong>mianebSi rwmena bolomde ar <strong>da</strong>Sretila, de<strong>da</strong>miwa ar<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>uxvevs Tavisi orbiti<strong>da</strong>n; sanam Tun<strong>da</strong>c erTaderTi a<strong>da</strong>mianis gulSi ar Camkv<strong>da</strong>ra<br />

survili <strong>mona</strong>niebisa, zeciT gar<strong>da</strong>mova madlmosili cecxli.<br />

<strong>qarTuli</strong> <strong>qarTuli</strong> savaneebi savaneebi wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> miwaze<br />

miwaze<br />

27

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> abraamis abraamis <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> abraamis <strong>mona</strong>steri augiaT qarTvel mefeebs im adgilze, sa<strong>da</strong>c mamaTmTavar<br />

abraams RmrTisTvis msxverplad un<strong>da</strong> Seewira Tavisi Ze isaaki. ucnobia, vin <strong>da</strong> rodis<br />

aago igi, cnobilia mxolod is, rom <strong>mona</strong>stris taZari meTeqvsmete saukunis miwuruls<br />

Tavad ioane abaSiZis brZanebiT ganaaxla giorgi CikoiZem: `me <strong>mona</strong>man RmrTisa <strong>da</strong><br />

msaxurman batonisa Cemisa Tavadisa ioane abaSiZisaman, giorgi CikoiZem, warmovlenil-<br />

man qarTliT mis mier safaseiTa misiTa gansaaxleblad wmidisa amis mamaT mTavrisa<br />

abrahamis taZrisa xarjsa ze<strong>da</strong> missa. aRvasrule brZanebuli Tavadisa mis, batonisa<br />

Cemisa, ganmaaxlebelman samwirveloisa amis, saukunod saxseneblad sulisa misisa,<br />

saxleulTa <strong>da</strong> erT-sisxlTa misTa, xolo saoxadca Cem codvilisaTvis sulisa.<br />

gevedrebiT yovelTa marTl-madidebelTa qristianeTa, aRmomkiTxvelTa werilisa amis,<br />

locvaTa Soris TqvenTa <strong>da</strong>uviwyeblobasa Tavadisa ioane abaSiZisa <strong>da</strong> ymisa misisa,<br />

aznaurisa giorgi CikoiZisa~. es samSeneblo warwera unaxavs <strong>da</strong> gadmouRia giorgi<br />

avaliSvils 1820 wels.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> angelozTa angelozTa angelozTa <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

es <strong>mona</strong>steri aRmarTulia mRvdelmTavar anas saxlis adgilze. swored aq mou-<br />

wyes pirvelad macxovars samsjavro: `xolo krebulman man <strong>da</strong> aTasisTavman <strong>da</strong><br />

msaxurTa maT huriaTaman Seipyres iesu <strong>da</strong> Sekres igi. <strong>da</strong> miiyvannes igi pirvelad an-<br />

naÁsa, rameTu iyo simamri kaiafaÁsi, romeli iyo mRdelTmoZRuari mis weliwdisaÁ~<br />

(iovan. 18, 12-13). yvelaze adreuli cnoba qarTvelTa mier misi flobis Sesaxeb meTxuT-<br />

mete saukunisaa. <strong>mona</strong>steri ramdenjerme miitaces somxebma, magram qarTvelebi savanes<br />

kvlav ibrunebdnen <strong>da</strong> savaraudod 1688 wlamde flobdnen mas.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> basilis basilis <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

es <strong>mona</strong>steri aRuSenebia meTxuTmete saukuneSi moRvawe amirindo amilaxvars. mis<br />

Sesaxeb <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris aRapSi naTqvamia: `gauCineT amilaxorisa amirindosaTvis mes-<br />

masa ze<strong>da</strong> saukunod <strong>da</strong>locva <strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong>sa basilis dResaswaulsa mwuxrsa aRapi misT-<br />

visve <strong>da</strong> meoresa dResa misisa meuRlisa TamarisaTvis wirva <strong>da</strong> aRapi saukuno, <strong>da</strong> geT-<br />

samanias erTi kandeli enTebodes amilaxorisaTvisve, <strong>da</strong> wmidisa basilis <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

movaxseneT mas <strong>da</strong> misTa naTesavTa~.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> giorgis giorgis <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

timoTe gabaSvili am savanis Sesaxeb ambobs: `<strong>mona</strong>steri wmidisa giorgisa uriaT<br />

ubanSi <strong>da</strong>dianTa aRSenebuli, <strong>da</strong> mosaxsenebeli misi munve ars~. qarTvel mRvdelmTa-<br />

vars qtitoris vinaoba iqve amoukiTxavs samSeneblo warweraSi, magram ar Cans, kerZod<br />

romeli <strong>da</strong>diania. <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris erT-erTi aRapiT samcxelma filipe SaqaraSvilma<br />

sulxanis Svilis varazis mier gamogzavnili SesawiraviT `wmidis giorgis eklesia<br />

SigniT <strong>da</strong> gareT <strong>da</strong> samoZRvro saxli gaglisaÁ. eklesia kretsabmliTa, kandelebiTa,<br />

28

sasanTliTa gamarTa <strong>da</strong> erTi kari wmidis giorgis karis bWes Seaba... di<strong>da</strong>d <strong>da</strong>Wire-<br />

buli iyo <strong>mona</strong>steri~.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> dimitris dimitris <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> dimitris <strong>mona</strong>steri mdebareobs iafos karibWesa <strong>da</strong> mxsnelis savanes So-<br />

ris. igi agebulia meToTxmete saukuneSi, mefe giorgi brwyinvalis dros. qarTvelTa<br />

mefes egvipteSi sulTanTan mosalaparakeblad gaugzavnia Salva qsnis erisTavis Ze<br />

pipa didZali ZRveniT. mas Tan axl<strong>da</strong> dekanozi ioane ban<strong>da</strong>sZe. sulTanma `sixaruliT<br />

Seiwynara ZRueni igi <strong>da</strong> miscna kliteni ierusalemisani. mivi<strong>da</strong> pipaÁ ze<strong>da</strong> saflavsa<br />

qristessa <strong>da</strong> SeemTxva, Jami awirva, eziara <strong>da</strong> dekanozi iovane akurTxes moZRuarT-<br />

moZRuarad...~ savaraudod, saqarTvelo<strong>da</strong>n gamgzavrebisas pipam Tavisi mamis mier gata-<br />

nebuli Sesawiravic waiRo, romliTac aages wmi<strong>da</strong> dimitris savane. <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris<br />

aRapSi vkiTxulobT: `samaritelisa oTxSabaTs wirvaÁ <strong>da</strong> aRapi saukuno erisTavisa<br />

Salvas qenifnevlisa, Svilisa pipasi <strong>da</strong> misis meuRlisa Tamarisi~.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> ekaterines ekaterines <strong>mona</strong>ster <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong>ster<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> ekaterines savane mdebareobs aRdgomis eklesiis maxloblad. igi augia me-<br />

ToTxmete-meTxuTmete saukuneebSi moRvawe amirRambar fanaskertel-ciciSvils. timoTe<br />

gabaSvilis gadmocemiT, `ese <strong>mona</strong>steri de<strong>da</strong>Ta qarTvelTaTvis ars, rameTu ars iRu-<br />

menisa qarTveli, xaritini saxelad, asuli anCafiSvilisa. ori <strong>mona</strong>zoni kaxni arian,<br />

sxva _ ruiseli, imereli <strong>da</strong> guruli. iyofebian sulierad <strong>da</strong> keTilad wmi<strong>da</strong>sa mas<br />

adgilsa~.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> Teodores Teodores <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

didia kaxeli ColoyaSvilebis amagi <strong>ierusalimis</strong> qarTul savaneebze. swored or<br />

maTgans, beJan <strong>da</strong> baadur ColoyaSvilebs augiaT wmi<strong>da</strong> Teodores <strong>mona</strong>steri 1635 wels<br />

<strong>da</strong> mis mSeneblobaSi <strong>mona</strong>wileoba miuRiaT baaduris uaxloes naTesavebsac, rogorc<br />

amas karibWis Tavze arsebuli warwera gvauwyebs: `ColoyaSvilsa baadursa <strong>da</strong> maTTa<br />

ZmaTa <strong>da</strong> ZmiswulTa codvani maTni Seundos RmerTman~.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> Teklas Teklas Teklas <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

es <strong>mona</strong>steri augiaT <strong>jvris</strong> mama qristefore zedginiZes <strong>da</strong> mis naTesavebs<br />

meTxuTmete saukunis Sua xanebSi.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> iakob iakob mociqulis mociqulis <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>qarTuli</strong> wyaroebis mixedviT, rasac ucxoel avtorTa cnobebi <strong>da</strong> zepiri gadmo-<br />

cemebic a<strong>da</strong>stureben, ierusalimSi sionis mTaze mdebare wmi<strong>da</strong> iakob mociqulis<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri <strong>da</strong>aarses qarTvelebma, kerZod mefe giorgi I meTerTmete saukuneSi. magram<br />

sxva <strong>qarTuli</strong> savaneebis msgavsad misi istoriac sevdiania. Sua saukuneebSi somxebma<br />

29

isargebles qarTvelebis materialuri siduxWiriT <strong>da</strong> qrTamis meSveobiT xelSi Caig-<br />

des <strong>mona</strong>steri. berZeni saeklesio moRvaweni _ neofite kvipreli <strong>da</strong> prokopi nazian-<br />

zeli gvauwyeben, rom somxebma `qrTamiT moaxerxes qarTvelebisTvis gamoerTmiaT iakob<br />

zebedes-Zis <strong>mona</strong>steri im pirobiT, rom isini weliwadSi ga<strong>da</strong>ixdidnen 50 oqros~. rusi<br />

mogzauri a. muraviovi ki Tavis wignSi `mogzauroba wmi<strong>da</strong> miwaze~ (1830 w.) wers: `wmi<strong>da</strong><br />

iakobis <strong>mona</strong>steri <strong>da</strong>arsebul iqna qarTvelTa mier keTildReobis xanaSi <strong>da</strong> ukve<br />

samasi welia, rac mas floben somxebi~.<br />

am savanis sakrebulo taZari erT-erTi ulamazesi nagebobaa palestinaSi. timoTe<br />

gabaSvilis gadmocemiT: `warvediT <strong>mona</strong>strad somexTa <strong>da</strong> ganvkvirdiT sikeTesa missa,<br />

rameTu me egeTi brwyinvale taZari arasodes minaxavs <strong>da</strong> arc egeTi Semkoba. ese<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri aris, romelic aaSena mefe giorgim~. dekanozi petre konWoSvili ki wers:<br />

`eklesia wmi<strong>da</strong> mociqul iakob zebedes saxelzed aris erTi pirvel-xarisxovani ekle-<br />

siaTa Soris palestinisa, SesaniSnavi Tvisis simdidriTa, xuroT-moZRvrebiTa <strong>da</strong> aRmo-<br />

savluris ferad-feradis qan<strong>da</strong>kebiTa. eklesia naTdeba zevi<strong>da</strong>n gumbaTiT, mravalni<br />

Zvirfasni oqrosa <strong>da</strong> vecxlis lamparni brwyinaven yovlis mxriT. marcxena samxreSi<br />

uCveneben adgils wmi<strong>da</strong> mociqulis iakobis wamebisas... simdidriTa <strong>da</strong> mSvenierebiT arc<br />

erTi eklesia ar Seedreba mTels palestinaSi wmi<strong>da</strong> mociqulis iakob zebedes taZarsa<br />

ierusalimSi~.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> iakob iakob mociqulis mociqulis eklesia<br />

eklesia<br />

ierusalimSi qarTvelebs wmi<strong>da</strong> iakobis, uflis Zmis, saxelobis eklesiac hqoniaT,<br />

romelic aRdgomis eklesiis gverdiT mdebareob<strong>da</strong>. timoTe gabaSvilis `mimosvlaSi~<br />

vkiTxulobT: `<strong>da</strong> xvalisa wargviZRven <strong>da</strong> migviyvanes eklesiasa mas <strong>da</strong> adgilsa, sad<br />

mariam mag<strong>da</strong>linelman ixila aRdgomili ufali <strong>da</strong> ewa<strong>da</strong> amborebad fexTa <strong>da</strong> ufali<br />

etyo<strong>da</strong>: `mariam, nu Semexebi, rameTu ar aRsrul var mamisa Cemisa~ <strong>da</strong> zed axlo _ ek-<br />

lesia wmidisa iakob mociqulisa, Zmisa uflisa <strong>da</strong> pirvelisa mRvdelmTavrisa ieru-<br />

salimisa~. am taZarmac wmi<strong>da</strong> iakobis <strong>mona</strong>stris xvedri gaiziara _ qarTvelebma ver<br />

SeZles misi Senaxva <strong>da</strong> mas somxebi <strong>da</strong>epatronen, rasac mecxramete saukunis cnobili<br />

geografi <strong>da</strong> istorikosi karl riteric mowmobs: `wmi<strong>da</strong> iakobis lamazi eklesia <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri adre qarTvelTa sakuTreba gaxl<strong>da</strong>T, xolo raki ise gaRaribdnen, rom<br />

fuls ver uxdidnen muslimebs, rasac isini eklesiis flobis safasurad Zalavdnen,<br />

eklesiac <strong>da</strong> <strong>mona</strong>steric somxebs <strong>da</strong>uTmes~.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> ioane ioane maxareblis maxareblis <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> ioane maxareblis savane <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris Semdgom uZvelesi <strong>qarTuli</strong> <strong>mona</strong>s-<br />

teria ierusalimSi. meSvide saukuneSi somexi piligrimi mas ixseniebs rogorc qarT-<br />

velTa sakuTrebas. <strong>mona</strong>steri aSen<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> ioane maxareblis <strong>da</strong>badebis adgilze. igi<br />

aRdgomis taZris maxloblad mdebareobs.<br />

ucxoel momlocvelTa cnobebiT, meTeqvsmete saukunis Sua xanebamde <strong>mona</strong>sterSi<br />

qarTvelebi cxovrobdnen. 1551 wels mahmadianebma franciskanelebi sionis mTaze age-<br />

buli taZri<strong>da</strong>n gaaZeves. franciskanelebma kompensacia moiTxoves <strong>da</strong> TurqeTis sul-<br />

Tanma stambolSi frangi elCis meSveobiT maT SesTavaza, SeerCiaT nebismieri <strong>mona</strong>s-<br />

30

teri, romelic ki ierusalimSi moewonebo<strong>da</strong>T. franciskanelebma SearCies wmi<strong>da</strong> ioane<br />

maxareblis savane <strong>da</strong> TavianTi arCevani ase axsnes:<br />

1. <strong>mona</strong>steri axlos idga wmi<strong>da</strong> saflavTan.<br />

2. qarTvelebs ierusalimSi ukve hqon<strong>da</strong>T Svidi sxva <strong>mona</strong>steri <strong>da</strong> advilad<br />

SeZlebdnen am <strong>mona</strong>sters Seleodnen. amas gar<strong>da</strong>, maTi azriT, qarTvelebi mwvaleblebi<br />

iyvnen. amitom franciskanelebi maTi erT-erTi savanis <strong>da</strong>uflebiT raime codvas ar<br />

sCadiodnen.<br />

bonifacius ragusels, romelic maSin wmi<strong>da</strong> miwis meurve iyo, sur<strong>da</strong> <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

qarTvelebisgan eyi<strong>da</strong>, magram qarTvelebma uari uTxres. sabolood, TurqeTis faSam<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri franciskanelebs mihyi<strong>da</strong>. qarTvelebi ioane maxareblis savani<strong>da</strong>n gamoaZeves<br />

<strong>da</strong> mas mwvaleblebi <strong>da</strong>euflnen. qarTvelTa araerTi mcdeloba <strong>da</strong>ebrunebinaT <strong>mona</strong>s-<br />

teri, warumateblad <strong>da</strong>srul<strong>da</strong>.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> ioane ioane ioane naTlismcemlis naTlismcemlis naTlismcemlis samlocvelo<br />

samlocvelo<br />

samlocvelo<br />

am samlocvelos Sesaxeb gvaqvs mxolod erTi cnoba, romelic ekuTvnis ioane<br />

poloners (1421 w.): `<strong>ierusalimis</strong> episkoposis quCaze dgas wmi<strong>da</strong> zaqarias saxli, ro-<br />

melic qarTvelebs ekuTvnis, <strong>da</strong> iq aris wmi<strong>da</strong> ioane naTlismcemlis lamazi sam-<br />

locvelo~.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> ioane ioane oqropiris oqropiris <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

es <strong>mona</strong>steri mdebareobs ior<strong>da</strong>nes u<strong>da</strong>bnoSi, ieriqonis samxreTiT. 1099-1291<br />

wlebSi, Tanaxmad naSromisa `<strong>ierusalimis</strong> laTinuri samefo~, wmi<strong>da</strong> ioane oqropiris<br />

<strong>mona</strong>sterSi cxovrobdnen qarTveli asketebi.<br />

kapaTa<br />

kapaTa<br />

kapaTa, <strong>ierusalimis</strong> erT-erTi uZvelesi taZari sionis mTaze, iustiniane mefes<br />

augia Zveli taZris adgilas. 1010 wels egviptis sulTanma haqemma <strong>ierusalimis</strong> sxva<br />

qristianul taZrebTan erTad kapaTac <strong>da</strong>angria. igi aRadgina <strong>da</strong> masSi de<strong>da</strong>Ta <strong>mona</strong>s-<br />

teri <strong>da</strong>aarsa qarTvelTa mefis bagrat IV colma borenam <strong>da</strong> asulma marTam. kapaTa<br />

ganadgur<strong>da</strong> 1244 wels xvarazmelTa Semosevis dros.<br />

katamoni<br />

katamoni<br />

<strong>ierusalimis</strong> samxreT-<strong>da</strong>savleTiT, <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris sawinaaRmdego mxares, amaR-<br />

lebul adgilas, sai<strong>da</strong>nac kargad moCan<strong>da</strong> ierusalimi <strong>da</strong> misi Semogareni, mdebareob<strong>da</strong><br />

katamonis (wmi<strong>da</strong> svimeonis) <strong>mona</strong>steri. gadmocemiT, es adgili wmi<strong>da</strong> mefe vaxtang gor-<br />

gasals Seusyidia <strong>da</strong> qarTveli berebisTvis savane aRuSenebia. 1515-1524 wlebSi beduine-<br />

bis Tav<strong>da</strong>sxmebis Sedegad katamonis savanis cxrameti beri <strong>da</strong>iRupa. ga<strong>da</strong>rCenilebi iZ-<br />

ulebuli iyvnen, mietovebinaT <strong>mona</strong>steri.<br />

lazebis lazebis <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

31

prokofi kesarielis mixedviT, meeqvse saukuneSi imperatorma iustinianem aRadg-<br />

ina iberielTa erT-erTi <strong>mona</strong>steri ierusalimSi <strong>da</strong> agreTve lazebis <strong>mona</strong>steri ieru-<br />

salimis u<strong>da</strong>bnoSi.<br />

mirqmis mirqmis <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

am <strong>mona</strong>stris Sesaxeb mxolod is viciT, rom igi raWis erisTavebs _ CxetisZeebs<br />

augiaT. aq iyo de<strong>da</strong>Ta savane.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> nikolozis nikolozis <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> nikolozis <strong>mona</strong>steri ierusalimSi uflis saflavTan, patriarqebis<br />

rezidenciis maxloblad mdebareobs. timoTe gabaSvilis gadmocemiT, igi kaxTa dedo-<br />

fal eleneyofil elisabeds aRuSenebia meCvidmete saukunis Sua xanebSi; `rameTu TviT<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> nikoloz mun mj<strong>da</strong>ra, senaki misi yofila~. <strong>ierusalimis</strong> patriarq dosiTeosis<br />

cnobiT, meCvidmete saukunis miwuruls <strong>qarTuli</strong> Zmobis mier mitovebuli <strong>da</strong> valebSi<br />

Cafluli savane qarTlis mefe giorgi XI <strong>da</strong> levan batoniSvilma gamoixsnes <strong>da</strong> igi<br />

isev qarTvelebs <strong>da</strong>ubrun<strong>da</strong>. 1858 wels <strong>mona</strong>steri moinaxula arqimandritma leonidem.<br />

igi wer<strong>da</strong>: `wmi<strong>da</strong> nikolozis <strong>mona</strong>steri ierusalimSi ekuTvno<strong>da</strong> qarTvelebs. eklesiis<br />

kedelSi, romelic patriarqebis baRs ga<strong>da</strong>hyurebs, jer kidev aris epitafiebiani ram-<br />

denime saflavis qva~.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> samoelis samoelis <strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

<strong>mona</strong>steri<br />

es <strong>mona</strong>steri mdebareob<strong>da</strong> <strong>ierusalimis</strong> Crdilo-<strong>da</strong>savleTiT xarebis mTaze. igi<br />

qarTvelTa SemoqmedebiTi saqmianobis erT-erTi uZvelesi kera iyo. aqaa Sedgenili an-<br />

ton laxtaris agiografiuli krebuli <strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>werili kaTalikos ioane oqropiris<br />

(1033-1048) `margaliti~, romlis anderZ-minawerSic vkiTxulobT: `Rirs-myo RmerTman<br />

glaxaki... <strong>da</strong>niel <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>vwere wmi<strong>da</strong>Á ese wigni ucxoebasa <strong>da</strong> mwirobiT siglaxakesa Sina<br />

Cemsa palestinisa sanaxebTa wmidisa aRdgomisaTa, <strong>mona</strong>stersa wmidisa samoel winas-<br />

warmetyvelisasa... <strong>da</strong> Sevswire wmi<strong>da</strong>sa winaswarmetyvelsa samoels mamobasa ioane uxa-<br />

murisasa...~<br />

saran<strong>da</strong>rioni saran<strong>da</strong>rioni anu anu gancdis gancdis mTa<br />

mTa<br />

am mTaze naTlisRebis Semdeg ufalma ieso qristem ormoci dRe <strong>da</strong> Rame imarx-<br />

ula <strong>da</strong> aq gancdi<strong>da</strong> mas eSmaki. 1336 wlis cnobiT: `saran<strong>da</strong>rionis mTa qarTvelebs<br />

ekuTvnis~ (gilelmus baldenseleli).<br />

es aris im eklesia-<strong>mona</strong>strebis Ca<strong>mona</strong>Tvali, romlebsac sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva dros<br />

flobdnen qarTvelebi. amaT gar<strong>da</strong>, qarTvelebs Semdeg wmi<strong>da</strong> adgilebSi hqon<strong>da</strong>T Tavi-<br />

anTi sakurTxevlebi an iRvwodnen qarTveli berebi.<br />

beTlemi, beTlemi, beTlemi, qristes qristes Sobis Sobis Sobis taZari<br />

taZari<br />

32

1335 wlis cnobiT, romelic iakob veronels ekuTvnis, qarTvelebs sakuTari sa-<br />

kurTxeveli hqon<strong>da</strong>T Sobis taZarSi, Sobis gamoqvabulis gareT. dekanoz petre konWoS-<br />

vili ki imowmebs vinme timoTe mTavarepiskoposs, rom `qarTvelebs me-18 saukuneSiac<br />

hqoniaT beTlemis qristes Sobis eklesiaSi trapezi mRvdelmoqmedebisaTvis~.<br />

geTsamania, geTsamania, RmrTismSoblis RmrTismSoblis saflavi<br />

saflavi<br />

am taZarSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c aris yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> RmrTismSoblis saflavi, qarTvelebs uZ-<br />

velesi droi<strong>da</strong>n hqon<strong>da</strong>T sakurTxeveli. piligrimTa cnobebiT: `RmrTismSoblis ekle-<br />

siaSi, wmi<strong>da</strong> saflavis marjvniv, dgas iberielTa sakurTxeveli~ (arqimandriti<br />

agreTeniosi, 1370 w.); `RmrTismSoblis wmi<strong>da</strong> saflavze wirvas qarTvelebi asruleben~<br />

(diakvani egnate, 1391 w.); `geTsamaniaSi, RmrTismSoblis wmi<strong>da</strong> saflavze, marjvena<br />

mxares, qarTvelebi asruleben TavianT wirvas~ (egnate smolenskeli, 1389-1405 ww.). 1421<br />

wels qarTvelTa es sakurTxeveli somxebs Cauvar<strong>da</strong> xelSi <strong>da</strong> qarTvelebs mxolod<br />

taZris yvelaze bnel kuTxeSi hqon<strong>da</strong>T sakurTxeveli. 1480-1483 wlis cnobiT vigebT,<br />

rom `sakurTxeveli, romelic saflavTan yvelaze axlosaa, ekuTvnis somxebs, xolo<br />

meore _ bneli TaRis qveS _ qarTvelebs~. rogorc Cans, qarTvelebma es sakurTxevelic<br />

<strong>da</strong>karges. 1586 wels qarTvelTa sakurTxeveli iyo eklesiis SesasvlelTan:<br />

`RmrTismSoblis saflavi _ marmarilos ormoc<strong>da</strong>aTi safexuri miemarTeba <strong>da</strong>bla <strong>da</strong><br />

ukanasknel safexurze aris qarTvelTa sakurTxeveli~.<br />

geTsamaniis geTsamaniis baRi baRi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> zeTisxilis zeTisxilis mTa<br />

mTa<br />

am wmi<strong>da</strong> adgilebSi qarTveli berebis moRvaweobis Sesaxeb arsebobs Semdegi cno-<br />

bebi: `zeTisxilis mTaze oTxi qarTveli beri cxovrobs. geTsamaniaSi, gancalkevebul<br />

kldesTan sami gandegili cxovrobs: berZeni, sirieli <strong>da</strong> qarTveli~ (808 w.); `uSualod<br />

geTsamaniis Semdeg, ara uSores isris gasrolis manZilisa, dgas Senoba, romelsac<br />

ewodeba `qvabi~. is agebulia kldeze, oTxkuTxa formiT <strong>da</strong> ori Subis simaRleze; aq<br />

Tavisi nebiT gamoketila iberieli beri <strong>da</strong> zrunavs sakuTari sulis xsnaze~ (ioane<br />

foka, 1185 w.).<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> ioane ioane naTlismcemlisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> gerasimes gerasimes <strong>mona</strong>strebi<br />

<strong>mona</strong>strebi<br />

naSromis `<strong>ierusalimis</strong> laTinuri samefo~ Tanaxmad, laTinTa mmarTvelobis<br />

dros wmi<strong>da</strong> ioane naTlismcemlis <strong>mona</strong>sterSi megobrulad cxovrobdnen qarTveli <strong>da</strong><br />

berZeni berebi. qarTvelebi aseve cxovrobdnen wmi<strong>da</strong> gerasimes <strong>mona</strong>sterSi. ioane fokas<br />

cnobiT: `wmi<strong>da</strong> gerasimes <strong>mona</strong>sterSi cxovrobs moxuci beri (`iberi~), romelsac mra-<br />

vali saswauli miewereba~. orive savane ior<strong>da</strong>nes u<strong>da</strong>bnoSi mdebareobs.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> sabas sabas lavra<br />

lavra<br />

33

meeqvse saukuni<strong>da</strong>n meaTe saukunis <strong>da</strong>sasrulamde es lavra <strong>qarTuli</strong> saeklesio<br />

mwignobrobis akvans warmoadgen<strong>da</strong>. aq iTargmna saRmrTo wignebis didi nawili qarTul<br />

enaze. qarTvelebi lavraSi adreve <strong>da</strong>saxldnen <strong>da</strong> ise momravldnen, rom TavianTi ek-<br />

lesiac hqon<strong>da</strong>T, rasac saba ganwmedilis anderZic (531 w.) mowmobs: `iverielebs <strong>da</strong><br />

asurelebs, TavianT eklesiebSi SekrebilT, neba eZlevaT warmosTqvan Jamni <strong>da</strong> samxri-<br />

sani, warikiTxon samociqulo <strong>da</strong> saxareba TavianT de<strong>da</strong>enaze~.<br />

qarTveli berebi lavraSi kidev mravali saukunis manZilze moRvaweobdnen. 1370<br />

wlis cnobiT: `wmi<strong>da</strong> sabas lavraSi _ gamoqvabulSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c barbarosebma ormoci beri<br />

<strong>da</strong>xoces, dgas iberielTa eklesia~ (arqimandriti agreTeniosi).<br />

dekanozi petre konWoSvili wers: `gansacvifrebelia <strong>da</strong> sakvirveli aseTi sim-<br />

ravle savaneTa <strong>da</strong> eklesiaTa, qarTvelis erisagan SenebulTa saqarTvelos gareT.<br />

igini aqamomdis warmoadgenen <strong>da</strong>uviwyarTa ZeglTa qarTvelis eris Rrma sarwmunoe-<br />

bisas, keTilmsaxurebisas <strong>da</strong> erovnuli Zlierebisas. WeSmaritad, am RmrTisa mier<br />

kurTxeuls ers SeiZleba mieweros sityvani: `yovelsa queyanasa ganÃ<strong>da</strong> xmaÁ maTi <strong>da</strong><br />

kideTa soflisaTa sityuani maTni~. axla ramdeni moipovebian <strong>da</strong>ngreuli savaneni <strong>da</strong><br />

eklesiani saqarTvelos gareT, romelTa saxelebi ar Segvinaxa istoriam. Cemis azriT,<br />

saeklesio <strong>da</strong> samoqalaqo istoria ver warmoadgens amis msgavss magaliTsa, rom ro-<br />

melsame ersa hqondes egodeni savaneni <strong>da</strong> eklesiani gareSe Tvisis samSobloisa.<br />

`<strong>da</strong> iyvnen ukanasknelni pirvel, xolo pirvelni iyvnen ukanasknel~ (luk. 13, 30).<br />

esred <strong>da</strong>marTvia Cvens ersa, sarwmunoebisaTvis mraval-wamebulsa~.<br />

ierusalimeli ierusalimeli mowa mowameni mowa meni<br />

34

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> luka luka luka ierusalimeli<br />

ierusalimeli<br />

ierusalimeli<br />

netari luka iyo qarTveli, patiosani <strong>da</strong> warCinebuli mSoblebis Svili, gvarad<br />

muxaiZe. igi jer kidev yrma iyo, rodesac misi de<strong>da</strong> ierusalimSi <strong>mona</strong>zvnad aRikveca.<br />

oci wlis asakSi lukam <strong>da</strong>tova mamuli <strong>da</strong> Zmani <strong>da</strong> ierusalims gaemgzavra wmi<strong>da</strong><br />

adgilTa Tayvanissacemad <strong>da</strong> dedis mosanaxuleblad. man aRar isurva wmi<strong>da</strong> qalaqi<strong>da</strong>n<br />

wasvla, mcire xnis Semdgom <strong>mona</strong>zvnoba miiRo <strong>da</strong> Seiqna moRvawe <strong>da</strong> friad saTno <strong>mona</strong><br />

uflisa. male arabuli enac iswavla.<br />

ixiles ra <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris mamebma netari lukas sibrZne <strong>da</strong> siwmide, mRvdlad<br />

akurTxes <strong>da</strong> savanis winamZRvrad <strong>da</strong>adgines. sami wlis manZilze igi keTilad ganageb<strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>mona</strong>sters.<br />

kacTa cxonebis moZules eSmaks SeSur<strong>da</strong> lukas mxurvale RmrTismoyvareba <strong>da</strong><br />

STaagona vinme Seix xidrs, jadoqrobis gamo sulTnis winaSe didi kadnierebis mqones,<br />

gamoeTxova misgan <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>steri. xidri mxeciviT moepyro qarTvel Zmebs, araferi<br />

SearCina arc sa<strong>mona</strong>stro <strong>da</strong> arc piradi qonebi<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong> savani<strong>da</strong>n SiSvelni gamoaZeva.<br />

netari luka ar SeSin<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris <strong>da</strong>saxsnelad sulTanTan wavi<strong>da</strong>, ramac xidris<br />

gamZvinvareba gamoiwvia.<br />

qristianebma mravaljer gaafrTxiles luka, xidri gemuqreba <strong>da</strong> Seni mokvla<br />

surso, <strong>da</strong> urCevdnen gaqcevas. xolo man, uSiSarma, ar ineba gaqceva, aramed qristesT-<br />

vis sikvdili arCia wuTier cxovrebas <strong>da</strong> ar <strong>da</strong>tova <strong>mona</strong>steri <strong>da</strong> Zmebi. igi SeixTan<br />

mivi<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> Txova, nurafers avneb<strong>da</strong> Zmebs <strong>da</strong> misgan moeTxova, rac sur<strong>da</strong>.<br />

xidrma erTaderTi ram iTxova misgan _ qristianobis <strong>da</strong>teveba <strong>da</strong> maT Seginebul<br />

sjulze ga<strong>da</strong>svla, sanacvlod ki amiroba <strong>da</strong> simdidre aRuTqva. magram lukam <strong>da</strong>scina<br />

mas <strong>da</strong> Seuracxyo mahmadis sjuli. <strong>da</strong> roca xidrma <strong>mona</strong>stris karTan miiyvana igi <strong>da</strong><br />

kvlav Txova qristes uaryofa, netarma qedi moudrika maxvils <strong>da</strong> Tqva: `SesaZlebeli<br />

rom yofiliyo, mravalgzis movkvdebodi qristesTviso~.<br />

maSin ganrisx<strong>da</strong> eSmakis WurWeli <strong>da</strong> gverdiT mdgom <strong>mona</strong>s lukasTvis Tavis mok-<br />

veTa ubrZana. <strong>da</strong> mox<strong>da</strong> saswauli _ mokveTili Tavi piriT aRmosavleTisken Sebrun<strong>da</strong>,<br />

gaicina <strong>da</strong> RmerTs madloba Seswira. gaocebam Seipyro amis mxilvelni.<br />

xidrma <strong>da</strong>awvevina lukas patiosani gvami, romlis nacaric Tavad sparselebma<br />

Sekribes, rogorc evlogia <strong>da</strong> senTa sakurnebeli. wmi<strong>da</strong> mama Cveni luka ewama 27 ivniss<br />

(10 ivliss ax. st.), 1273 wels.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> mowame mowame nikoloz nikoloz dvali<br />

dvali<br />

qristes sanatreli mowame nikoloz dvali iyo sofel wai<strong>da</strong>n, Svili morwmune<br />

mSobelTa, romlebmac yrma dedis saSo<strong>da</strong>nve RmerTs <strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> ioane naTlismcemels<br />

Seswires. roca nikolozi Tormeti wlis Seiqna, klarjeTis u<strong>da</strong>bnoSi wavi<strong>da</strong>, <strong>mona</strong>zoni<br />

gax<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> friad iRvawa. <strong>da</strong> Semdgomad amisa isurva wmi<strong>da</strong> qalaq ierusalimSi aRsvla<br />

<strong>da</strong> uflis cxovelmyofeli saflavis Tayvaniscema.<br />

ierusalimSi Casulma RmerTs madloba Seswira <strong>da</strong> qristesTvis wamebis survili<br />

aReZra. man sparsi Tarjimani ipova <strong>da</strong> motyuebiT miiyvana mosamarTlesTan, iq aRiara<br />

qristes RmrTaeba <strong>da</strong> Seuracxyo mahmadis sjuli, ris gamoc Zlier scemes <strong>da</strong> did sa-<br />

tanjvels swies.<br />

35

nikolozi <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris mamam <strong>da</strong> Zmebma gamoixsnes <strong>da</strong> TurqTa SiSiT kvipross<br />

gagzavnes. iq man wmi<strong>da</strong> ioane naTlismcemlis xati <strong>da</strong>axatvina <strong>da</strong> mis winaSe ganuwyvet-<br />

liv evedrebo<strong>da</strong> RmerTs, mowameobrivi xvedris Rirsi gaexa<strong>da</strong>.<br />

nikolozma aTonis wmi<strong>da</strong> mTaze wasvla <strong>da</strong> iq <strong>da</strong>rCena ganizraxa. erTxelac, roca<br />

igi Cveulebisamebr winamorbedis xatis win loculob<strong>da</strong>, misgan moesma xma:<br />

_ nikoloz, Sen wmi<strong>da</strong> mTaze araferi gesaqmeba, aramed adeqi <strong>da</strong> wadi ierusalims.<br />

iq Sexvdebi qarTvel bers, igi gaswavlis cxonebis gzas <strong>da</strong> mowameobriv RvawlSi gan-<br />

gamtkicebs.<br />

nikolozi ierusalims gaemgzavra <strong>da</strong> naxa is beri, magram <strong>da</strong>ufara Tavisi Rvawli,<br />

sanam RmerTma ar <strong>da</strong>arwmuna, yovelive eTqva misTvis. beri evedra RmerTs, gamoecxade-<br />

bina nikolozisadmi misi neba. <strong>da</strong> ai, erT Rames, ZilSi, mas yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> RmrTismSo-<br />

beli <strong>da</strong> ioane naTlismcemeli eCvena. maT ubrZanes, <strong>da</strong>maskoSi waregzavna nikolozi <strong>da</strong><br />

iq Rirs-iqmnebo<strong>da</strong> qristesTvis sawadeli sikvdilisa.<br />

marTlac, berma netari nikolozi <strong>da</strong>maskoSi gagzavna. iq Casuli pir<strong>da</strong>pir meCeTSi<br />

Sevi<strong>da</strong>, yvelas winaSe aRiara qriste <strong>da</strong> Seuracxyo maTi sjuli. amisTvis igi sastikad<br />

scemes <strong>da</strong> sapyrobileSi Caagdes, sai<strong>da</strong>nac mitropolitma <strong>da</strong> qristianebma <strong>da</strong>ixsnes.<br />

magram nikolozs qristesTvis sikvdili swyuro<strong>da</strong>. igi isev Sevi<strong>da</strong> meCeTSi <strong>da</strong><br />

uaresad <strong>da</strong>gmo mahmadis sjuli, risTvisac kvlav scemes, xuTasi Solti sces <strong>da</strong> sapy-<br />

robileSi Casves. iq mas ioane naTlismcemeli eCvena <strong>da</strong> WrilobaTagan gankurna. ori<br />

Tve <strong>da</strong>hyo nikolozma sapyrobileSi. amis Semdgom imave qristianebma gamoixsnes igi <strong>da</strong><br />

apirebdnen mis warmogzavnas ierusalimSi.<br />

<strong>da</strong> ai, RmrTis gangebiT mas Sexv<strong>da</strong> qalaqis amira, icno maTi sjulis mgmobeli <strong>da</strong><br />

Seipyro igi. nikolozi amiraTa amira dengisis winaSe waradgines <strong>da</strong> uambes yovelive,<br />

rac mas Caedina. dengisma jer <strong>da</strong>yvavebiT <strong>da</strong>uwyo nikolozs saubari <strong>da</strong> didebasa <strong>da</strong><br />

pativs pirdebo<strong>da</strong> mas. magram RmrTis siyvaruliT anTebulma arad Caagdo yvelaferi,<br />

mTavris winaSe aRiara qristes RmrTaeba <strong>da</strong> agina maT yovladbilw `winaswarmetyvels~.<br />

maSin ganaCines sikvdili. <strong>da</strong> adga erTi amira, raTa nikolozisTvis Tavi moekveTa.<br />

qristes uSiSari mowame piriT aRmosavleTisken Sebrun<strong>da</strong>, sixaruliT miupyro kiseri<br />

maxvils <strong>da</strong> Tqva:<br />

_ dideba Sen<strong>da</strong>, qriste RmerTo, romelman Rirs myav <strong>da</strong>Txevad sisxlisa wmidisa<br />

saxelisa SenisaTvis!<br />

<strong>da</strong> agreTve misma mokveTilma Tavma Svidgzis SesZaxa:<br />

_ dideba Sen<strong>da</strong>, qriste RmerTo! _ ramac sparselni di<strong>da</strong>d ganakvirva. amis Semdgom<br />

nikolozis gvami <strong>da</strong>wves. misi wamebis adgils sami dRis manZilze naTlis sveti adga.<br />

netari nikolozi ewama 19 oqtombers (1 noembers ax. st.), samSabaT dRes, 1314 wels.<br />

roca amis Sesaxeb gaigo misma moZRvarma, friad Sewux<strong>da</strong>, ganuwyvetliv tiro<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong><br />

evedrebo<strong>da</strong> RmerTs, gamoecxadebina _ miiTvala Tu ara nikolozis Rvawlni.<br />

erT dRes beri wigns kiTxulob<strong>da</strong>, rom uecrad gankvirvebaSi movi<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> ixila<br />

sakvirveli naTliT mosili <strong>da</strong> keTilsurnelebiT aRsavse mTa <strong>da</strong> brwyinvaled Semkuli<br />

<strong>da</strong>si wmi<strong>da</strong>Ta mowameTa, romelTa Soris umaRlesi <strong>da</strong> ubrwyinvalesi iyo mTavarmowame<br />

giorgi. beri rom ixila, wmi<strong>da</strong> giorgim orgzis SesZaxa:<br />

_ nikoloz, gamodi <strong>da</strong> ixile beri, Seni moZRvari, rameTu mravali cremli<br />

<strong>da</strong>sTxia SenTvis!<br />

maSin gamovi<strong>da</strong> gvirgvinosani netari nikolozi, miesalma bers <strong>da</strong> uTxra:<br />

36

winaSe.<br />

_ amieri<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>acxre Cems gamo mwuxareba, radgan Cemi wameba Sewirulia uflis<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> mowameTa _ luka ierusalimelisa <strong>da</strong> nikoloz dvalis xsenebas saqarT-<br />

velos eklesia aRasrulebs 12 (25) Tebervals Rirs proxore qarTvelTan erTad.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> mowame mowame salome salome qarTveli<br />

qarTveli<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> salome qarTvelis Sesaxeb cnobas gvawvdis <strong>ierusalimis</strong> <strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>stris<br />

svinaqsari: `amasve dResa (20 ivlisi _ Zv. st.) wamebaÁ salome qarTvelisaÁ, romel<br />

pirvel SescTa sparsTa mier <strong>da</strong> qriste uaryo. amisa Semdgomad kualad aRiara sarwmu-<br />

noebaÁ qristesi <strong>da</strong> Tavi warekueTa <strong>da</strong> cecxlisa mier srul iqmna wamebaÁ misi~.<br />

uflis uflis uflis gzebze<br />

gzebze<br />

1995 wels RmrTis mowyalebiT <strong>da</strong> baTumisa <strong>da</strong> sxalTis episkoposis iobis locva-<br />

kurTxeviT saSualeba mogveca, mogveloca is wmi<strong>da</strong> adgilebi, sa<strong>da</strong>c gankac<strong>da</strong><br />

macxovari Cveni ieso qriste, sa<strong>da</strong>c gaatara miwieri cxovreba <strong>da</strong> Cveni xsnisaTvis<br />

37

Tavs-ido jvarze sikvdili <strong>da</strong> aRdga mkvdreTiT. Cvens bednierebas aormageb<strong>da</strong> is, rom<br />

ori kviris manZilze vcxovrobdiT yoveli marTlmadidebeli qarTvelisaTvis Zvirfas<br />

<strong>jvris</strong> <strong>mona</strong>sterSi. gvsurs, mkiTxvels am momlocvelobis Sesaxeb vuamboT.<br />

`es `es saxli saxli purisa purisa gamosCn<strong>da</strong> gamosCn<strong>da</strong> saxlad saxlad kurTxevisa kurTxevisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> ma madlisa ma ma lisa RmrTaebrivisa~<br />

RmrTaebrivisa~<br />

amomaval mzes beTlemSi SevegebeT, qalaqSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c codvis wyvdiadSi <strong>da</strong>nTqmul<br />

kacobriobas aRmoubrwyin<strong>da</strong> simarTlis mze, ufali Cveni ieso qriste. ai, ras gviambobs<br />

mis Sesaxeb dekanozi petre konWoSvili: `kurTxeuli saukunidgan qalaqi, romelsa Si-<br />

nac TviT RmerTman, <strong>da</strong>mbadebelma msofliosa, saTno iCina xorcielad gamocxadeba<br />

cxovrebad qveyanisa yovladwmidisa qalwulisa mariamisagan, aris mTis grexilis fer-<br />

dobzed <strong>da</strong>Senebuli <strong>da</strong>Svebuls vakezed. igi aSenebulia samxreTiT <strong>ierusalimis</strong>a oris<br />

saaTis manZilzed. saRmrTo werilSi igi iwodeba bevrnairad: `beTlemi~, `beTlemi<br />

iudeanTa~, gasarCevad beTlemisa galileanisa, romelic ekuTvno<strong>da</strong> zabulonis tomsa;<br />

`evfraTa~, anu `saxli evfraTa~, Tvisis ara Cveulebrivis nayofierebisaTvis, vinaidgan<br />

evfraTa ebraulad niSnavs baraqianobas, nayofierobas; iwodeba agreTve `qalaqad<br />

<strong>da</strong>viTisa~, viTarca samSoblo winaswarmetyvelisa <strong>da</strong> mefisa <strong>da</strong>viTisa. beTlemi uriu-<br />

lad hniSnavs _ saxli purisa. es saxli purisa gamosCn<strong>da</strong> saxlad kurTxevisa <strong>da</strong> mad-<br />

lisa RmrTaebrivisa, romelic aRmogvicen<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>vrdomils kacobriobas aq ganxor-<br />

cielebiTa mxolodSobilisa Zisa RmrTisaTa~.<br />

ierusalimi<strong>da</strong>n beTlemis gzaze <strong>da</strong>mdgari mogzauris Tvalwin iSleba refaimis<br />

vake <strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> ilias mTebi. bibliur xanaSi refaimis vake xeebiT iyo <strong>da</strong>faruli, magram<br />

axla sruliad gaveranebulia. aqa-iq gzis gaswvriv moCans qviTkiris Robeebisa <strong>da</strong> sa-<br />

guSago koSkebis nangrevebi; maTgan erT-erTi svimeon RmrTismimrqmelis saxli yofila.<br />

gzis maxloblad giCveneben xis morCs, romlis qveS, gadmocemis Tanaxmad, <strong>da</strong>isvena yov-<br />

ladwmi<strong>da</strong> RmrTismSobelma beTlemi<strong>da</strong>n ierusalimSi mgzavrobis dros.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> ilias mTebis Ziras, gzis marjvena mxares, <strong>da</strong>inaxavT ZvelTaZvel Was; igi<br />

`sami mogvis Wad~ iwodeba. gadmocemiT, maxarebeli varskvlavi, romelmac mogvebi<br />

ierusalimSi moiyvana, kvlav gabrwyin<strong>da</strong> maTTvis am adgilas, roca isini beTlemisken<br />

miemarTebodnen. gzad SegxvdebaT raqelis saflavi, iqve axlos mamaTmTavar iakobis<br />

saxlis nangrevebsac naxavT.<br />

dResac dResac dResac TiTqmis TiTqmis iseTive iseTive iseTive ubralo ubralo <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> Raribulia,<br />

Raribulia,<br />

Raribulia,<br />

rogorc rogorc rogorc macx macxovris macx macx ovris Sobis dReebSi dReebSi iyo<br />

<strong>da</strong> bolos Tqvens winaSe aRimarTeba didebuli taZari, romelic hfaravs uflis<br />

Sobis gamoqvabuls. pirvel qristianebs am wmi<strong>da</strong>Tawmi<strong>da</strong> adgilze mcire eklesia hqon-<br />

<strong>da</strong>T. romis imperatorma adrianem aq bomoni aago. elene dedofalma ki <strong>da</strong>amxo kerpebi<br />

<strong>da</strong> qristes Sobis adgilze eklesia aRaSena, romelic meeqvse saukuneSi ganaaxla <strong>da</strong><br />

gaafarTova mefe iustinianem. 614 wels palestinaSi SemoWrilma sparsma <strong>da</strong>mpyroblebma<br />

TiTqmis yvela qristianuli taZari miwasTan gaaswores. beTlems miwevnuli sparsTa<br />

laSqris Tvalwin grandiozuli eklesia ga<strong>da</strong>iSala, romlis fasadzec Sobis amsaxvel<br />

mozaikaze maT aRmosavlur samosSi gamowyobili sami mogvi ixiles. taZari <strong>da</strong>ngrevas<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>urCa.<br />

38

eklesia yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> RmrTismSoblis saxels atarebs. mas Zalze viwro karebi<br />

aqvs, romelic odesRac didi yofila <strong>da</strong> mogvianebiT ori mizezis gamo ga<strong>da</strong>ukeTebiaT:<br />

arabTa Tav<strong>da</strong>sxmebisas ukeT Tav<strong>da</strong>cvisaTvis <strong>da</strong> urwmunoTa mier taZarSi cxovelebis<br />

Seyvanis <strong>da</strong>sabrkoleblad. Suaze moxrili gaivliT kars <strong>da</strong> uzarmazar <strong>da</strong>rbazSi mox-<br />

vdebiT. <strong>da</strong>rbazis orive mxares aRmarTulia ormoc<strong>da</strong>Teqvsmeti marmarilos sveti. Weri<br />

libanis mTebi<strong>da</strong>n Camotanili ke<strong>da</strong>risa <strong>da</strong> kviparosis veeberTela koWebiT aris gama-<br />

grebuli.<br />

taZris mTavari sakurTxevlis qveS imyofeba mRvime, sa<strong>da</strong>c iSva ufali. Sobis<br />

adgili <strong>da</strong>farulia marmarilos filiT, romelSic Casmulia kandlebis SuqiT ganaTe-<br />

buli vercxlis varskvlavi warweriT: `aq iSva qriste qalwul mariamisagan~. marjvniv,<br />

oriode nabijis moSorebiT, aris baga, sa<strong>da</strong>c yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> RmrTismSobelma saxvevebSi<br />

Sexveuli Cvili miawvina; am bagaSi mwoliare ufals Tayvani-sces mwyemsebma, romleb-<br />

sac angelozma axara Soba mxsnelisa: `movides mswrafl <strong>da</strong> poves mariam <strong>da</strong> ioseb <strong>da</strong><br />

yrmaÁ igi, mwolare bagasa~ (luk. 2, 16). mRvimis bunebriv Wersa Tu kedlebze <strong>da</strong>kiduli<br />

uricxvi kandlis mkrTali naTeli efineba am zeciur savanes, romelic dResac TiTqmis<br />

iseTive ubralo <strong>da</strong> Raribulia, rogorc macxovris Sobis dReebSi iyo.<br />

aqve, taZris ezoSi, vixileT saZvale, sa<strong>da</strong>c <strong>da</strong>svenebulia herodes mier beTlemsa<br />

<strong>da</strong> mis SemogarenSi mowyvetil yrmaTa wmi<strong>da</strong> Zvlebi. Soriaxlos ki aris adgili, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />

erT ebraels yana hqon<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> Sig muxudo eTesa. masTan misula mariam, de<strong>da</strong> uflisa, <strong>da</strong><br />

mcireodeni marcvali uTxovia, magram mas araferi miucia. amis Semdgom muxudo<br />

mTlianad qvebad qceula. am adgilze axlac mimofantulia muxudos msgavsi qvebi.<br />

...magram ...magram am am am saocari saocari xis xis erTi erTi erTi patara patara patara nawili nawili jer jer jer kkidev<br />

k idev xarobs xarobs<br />

uflis Sobis utkbilesi adgilis molocviTa <strong>da</strong> adgilobrivi episkoposis, meufe<br />

Teofanes, gulTbili maspinZlobiT nugeScemulebma <strong>da</strong>vtoveT beTlemi. aRmosavleTiT,<br />

mcire xnis savalze, Cvens winaSe ga<strong>da</strong>iSala `mwyemsTa mindori~, sa<strong>da</strong>c ieso qristes<br />

Sobis Rames Raribi mwyemsebi Rirs-iqmnen moesminaT mTavarangelozis xareba: `aha esera<br />

gaxareb Tquen sixarulsa didsa, romeli iyos yovlisa erisa: rameTu iSva dRes<br />

Tquen<strong>da</strong> macxovari, romel ars qriste ufali, qalaqsa <strong>da</strong>viTissa~ (luk. 2, 10-11). am<br />

adgilze yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> RmrTismSoblis krebisadmi miZRvnili miwisqveSa eklesiaa, ro-<br />

melic wmi<strong>da</strong> elene dedoflis mieraa agebuli. taZarSi ixilavT sam saflavs. mwyemse-<br />

bis ukanaskneli survili <strong>da</strong> anderZi iyo, <strong>da</strong>esaflavebinaT imave adgilas, sa<strong>da</strong>c mois-<br />

mines angelozis xareba.<br />

gza samxreTiT, palestinis uZveles qalaq qebronisken miemarTeba. am mi<strong>da</strong>moSi<br />

<strong>da</strong>saxl<strong>da</strong> RmrTis brZanebiT qalaq uri<strong>da</strong>n gamosuli abraami <strong>da</strong> aqve, mamres muxis qveS,<br />

ewvia mas wmi<strong>da</strong> sameba sami mgzavris saxiT. ai, ukve ramdeni aTaswleulia dgas es muxa<br />

_ utyvi mqa<strong>da</strong>gebeli RmrTis sityvisa _ palestinis miwaze. ufalma akurTxa es adgili<br />

<strong>da</strong> verc JamTa siavem, verc istoriulma qartexilebma <strong>da</strong> stiqiebis mimoqcevam veraferi<br />

uyves mas. mamres muxa TiTqos samyarosTan erTad berdeba <strong>da</strong> ifiteba. imis mixedviT,<br />

Tu rogor ganqardeba a<strong>da</strong>mianTa modgmaSi RmrTis siyvaruli, ileva sicocxlis niSan-<br />

wyalic mis totebSi. magram am saocari xis erTi patara nawili jer kidev xarobs <strong>da</strong><br />

rogorc erT-erTi gadmocema gvauwyebs, es totic maSin gaxmeba, roca qveynad an-<br />

tiqriste gabatondeba, roca sruliad ganqardeba siyvaruli.<br />

39

qebronSi <strong>da</strong>krZalulia wmi<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> marTali mamaTmTavarni: abraam, isaak <strong>da</strong> iakobi,<br />

<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> marTali de<strong>da</strong>ni: sara, rebeka <strong>da</strong> lia. netar elenes maT saflavebze<br />

aRuSenebia eklesia, romelic mogvianebiT arabebs meCeTad ga<strong>da</strong>uqceviaT.<br />

`es `es is is adgilia, adgilia, romelze<strong>da</strong>c romelze<strong>da</strong>c TvalnaTlad gamocxad<strong>da</strong><br />

RmrTis RmrTis risxva risxva <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> wyeva~<br />

wyeva~<br />

Cveni Semdegi gaCerebaa beTania. aq, mariamis <strong>da</strong> marTas saxlSi, uyvar<strong>da</strong> mosveneba<br />

soflis macxovars. am adgilze dRes de<strong>da</strong>Ta savanea aRmarTuli. taZarSi, sakurTxev-<br />

lis marjvniv <strong>da</strong>culia lodi, romelzec Camojdebo<strong>da</strong> xolme ufali. misi Tayvanisce-<br />

misas uneblieT warmoidgenT ieso qristes ferxTiT mjdom <strong>da</strong> zeciuri sityvebis gul-<br />

modgined msmenel mariams <strong>da</strong> Zvirfasi stumris gamaspinZlebisaTvis mzrunvel marTas,<br />

romelsac ufali ase mimarTavs: `marTa, marTa! zrunav <strong>da</strong> SfoTxar mravlisaTvis, aq<br />

erTisaÁ ars saxmar, xolo mariam keTili nawili gamoirCia, romeli arasa<strong>da</strong> mieRos<br />

misgan~ (luk. 10, 41-42). beTaniaSi ieso qristem mkvdreTiT aRadgina oTxi dRis mkv<strong>da</strong>ri<br />

lazare, mariamis <strong>da</strong> marTas Zma.<br />

dRe mwuxrisken ga<strong>da</strong>ixara <strong>da</strong> Cvenc ieriqons mivaSureT. am qalaqSi ufalma<br />

gankurna brma <strong>da</strong> mouwo<strong>da</strong> mebaJeTa mTavar zaqes, romelsac Zlier undo<strong>da</strong> iesos<br />

xilva, magram ver SeZlo xalxis simravlis gamo, radgan tanad <strong>da</strong>bali iyo. imdenad<br />

didi iyo masSi macxovris <strong>da</strong>naxvis survili, rom sircxvils sZlia <strong>da</strong> leRvsulelis<br />

xeze aZvra. es ar gamorCenia gulTamxilav ufals, uxmo zaqes <strong>da</strong> saxlSi estumra. am<br />

movlenam Zirfesvianad Secvala codvilis cxovreba. RmrTis gangebam Semoinaxa<br />

leRvsulelis xe, raTa gulisxmavyoT Zala rwmenisa <strong>da</strong> sinanulisa.<br />

ieriqonis mi<strong>da</strong>moebSi mdebareobs mTa, romelzec macxovarma locviTa <strong>da</strong> marxviT<br />

ormoci dRe-Rame gaatara. amis gamo mas uwodeben `ormocdRian mTas~ an kidev `gancdis<br />

mTas~, radgan aq gancdi<strong>da</strong> ufals eSmaki. mTaze marTlmadidebluri <strong>mona</strong>steria.<br />

mzis Casvlam mkv<strong>da</strong>ri zRvis napiras mogviswro. aq mcire xniT SevisveneT <strong>da</strong> viba-<br />

naveT zRvaSi, romlis wyalic Zlier mlaSe <strong>da</strong> mwarea. masSi ar moipoveba Tevzi an<br />

sxva cocxali arseba, <strong>da</strong> Tu ior<strong>da</strong>ne<strong>da</strong>n Tevzi Sevi<strong>da</strong>, swrafad iRupeba <strong>da</strong> talRebi<br />

napirze gamoriyavs. `arasasiamovno azrebi ameSala am zRvis xilvazed, _ wers deka-<br />

nozi petre. _ es is adgilia, romelze<strong>da</strong>c TvalnaTlad gamocxad<strong>da</strong> RmrTis risxva <strong>da</strong><br />

wyeva meZavobiT ukiduresad garyvnil cxovrebisaTvis ZvelTa aqaurTa mcxovrebTa.<br />

warmomidga TvalsaCinod <strong>da</strong>badebis is moTxroba, rodesac oTxi qalaqi: sodom, go-<br />

mori, a<strong>da</strong>mu <strong>da</strong> seboim zeciT movlenilma cecxlma STanTqa; mxolod ganera am saSi-<br />

nels ubedurebas marTali loti Tavis saxlobiT, magram colica misi urCebisaTvis<br />

gaqvavebul iqmna, radganac, winaaRmdeg angelosTa brZanebisa, `miixila man ukuRmarT~,<br />

rodesac moesma xma zeciT gadmosul Weqa-quxilisa. <strong>da</strong> im adgilzed, sa<strong>da</strong>c iyo oTxi<br />

aRyvavebuli qalaqi, Semdeg maTis STanTqmisa, gaCn<strong>da</strong> es WeSmaritad kupriani zRva~.<br />

raTa raTa a<strong>da</strong>mianebma a<strong>da</strong>mianebma a<strong>da</strong>mianebma gulisxmayon gulisxmayon Zali Zali RmrTisa<br />

RmrTisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> Tayvani Tayvani-scen Tayvani scen mas mas `suliTa `suliTa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> We WeSmaritebiTa~<br />

We maritebiTa~<br />

mkv<strong>da</strong>ri zRva xmeleTis u<strong>da</strong>bles adgilas _ zRvis doni<strong>da</strong>n oTxasi metriT <strong>da</strong>bla<br />

mdebareobs <strong>da</strong> igi erTgvari simboloa a<strong>da</strong>mianTa sulieri sikvdilisa. mis maxloblad,<br />

40

mdinare ior<strong>da</strong>neSi, naTel-iRo RmerTkacma ieso qristem, raTa a<strong>da</strong>mis modgma codviT<br />

<strong>da</strong>cemis ufskruli<strong>da</strong>n aRmoeyvana <strong>da</strong> maradiuli sicocxle mieniWebina.<br />

mdinare ior<strong>da</strong>ne ermonis mTiswineTi<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>axloebiT aTasi metris simaRli<strong>da</strong>n<br />

Camoedineba <strong>da</strong> xeobiT mkv<strong>da</strong>ri zRvisken miedineba. amgvarad, mdinare TiTqmis kilo-<br />

metrnaxevris manZilze eSveba, ris gamoc miiRo saxelwodeba `ior<strong>da</strong>ne~ _ vardnili,<br />

<strong>da</strong>Svebuli, Camosuli.<br />

pirvelad es adgili Zvel aRTqmaSi, <strong>da</strong>badebis wignSi moixsenieba. moTxrobilia,<br />

rogor airCia loTma abraamTan ganSorebisas ior<strong>da</strong>nes mi<strong>da</strong>moebi. wmi<strong>da</strong> mdinare sas-<br />

waulebrivad ga<strong>da</strong>laxes aRTqmul miwaze Sesulma ebraelebma. odesRac gaiyo ior<strong>da</strong>nes<br />

wylebi <strong>da</strong> igi ga<strong>da</strong>laxes wmi<strong>da</strong> winaswarmetyvelebma iliam <strong>da</strong> elisem. ior<strong>da</strong>nes saz-<br />

RvrebSi amaRl<strong>da</strong> ilia cecxlovani etliT <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>utova elises Tavisi xaleni.<br />

ior<strong>da</strong>nes wylebSi ganibana <strong>da</strong> keTrisagan ganikurna neman asuri. magram mTavari <strong>da</strong><br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> qristianTaTvis aris is, rom ior<strong>da</strong>neSi naTel-iRo ufalma Cvenma ieso qristem.<br />

aq wmi<strong>da</strong> samebis saidumlo gancxad<strong>da</strong>.<br />

uflis naTlisRebis adgilze mlocvelebs weliwadSi mxolod erTxel uSveben _<br />

18 ianvars (5 ianvars Zv. stiliT), RmrTis gancxadebis dResaswaulis win, radgan es<br />

adgili sasazRvro zonaa. aq ikribeba uamravi marTlmadidebeli, mobrZandeba pa-<br />

triarqi <strong>da</strong> wyalkurTxevis locvas pir<strong>da</strong>pir mdinaris piras aRavlens. am dRes<br />

morwmuneni didi saswaulis mowmeni xdebian _ ior<strong>da</strong>ne iwyebs aRma svlas. bunebis ka-<br />

nonebi icvleba, raTa a<strong>da</strong>mianebma gulisxmayon Zali RmrTisa <strong>da</strong> Tayvani-scen mas `su-<br />

liTa <strong>da</strong> WeSmaritebiTa~ (iovan 4, 23), rac mxolod marTlmadidebeli eklesiis madl-<br />

mosil wiaRSia SesaZlebeli.<br />

am am madlmosil madlmosil adgilas adgilas Cven Cven SevxvdiT SevxvdiT Cveni Cveni drois drois drois did did saswauls<br />

saswauls<br />

mas Semdeg, rac qristes eklesia warmarTuli samyaros samsaukunovani devnisagan<br />

gaTavisufl<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> masSi mSvidobam <strong>da</strong>isadgura, sulieri srulyofilebis maZieblebma<br />

qalaqebisgan moSorebiT, u<strong>da</strong>bur adgilebSi <strong>da</strong>mkvidreba iwyes. mowameobrivi Rvawli<br />

sulierma mowameobam, <strong>mona</strong>zvnobam Secvala. am mizniT bevri qristiani iudeis u<strong>da</strong>bnoSi<br />

midio<strong>da</strong> samoRvaweod; aq xom Tavis droze <strong>mona</strong>zvnuri cxovrebis fuZemdebeli _ wmi<strong>da</strong><br />

ioane naTlismcemeli iRvwo<strong>da</strong>. Tan<strong>da</strong>TanobiT aRmocen<strong>da</strong> zogadsacxovrebeli savaneebi,<br />

sa<strong>da</strong>c erTdroulad mravali beri eweo<strong>da</strong> qristes tkbil uRels.<br />

erT-erTi maTgania vadi keltis xeobaSi, odesRac wyalmravali mdinaris <strong>da</strong>mSral<br />

kalapotTan kldeze aRmarTuli wmi<strong>da</strong> giorgis <strong>mona</strong>steri. aq, mRvimeSi cxovrob<strong>da</strong><br />

dedofal iezabelis mier devnili RmrTis winaswarmetyveli ilia, romelsac samweli-<br />

wadnaxevris manZilze yorani uzi<strong>da</strong>v<strong>da</strong> sakvebs. es adgilebi ekuTvno<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> ioakimes,<br />

yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> RmrTismSoblis mamas. aq Zov<strong>da</strong> misi fara. rogorc gadmocema gvauwyebs,<br />

ilia winaswarmetyvelis mRvimeSi igi Rrma mwuxarebiT evedrebo<strong>da</strong> RmerTs misTvis<br />

Svilis moniWebas. aq misi locva Sesmenil iqna <strong>da</strong> RmrTisgan euwya, rom mas <strong>da</strong> mis<br />

cols, wmi<strong>da</strong> anas, eyolebo<strong>da</strong>T kurTxeuli asuli, romelic sixaruls moutan<strong>da</strong> mTel<br />

msoflios. am madlmosil adgilas Cven SevxvdiT Cveni drois did saswauls. <strong>mona</strong>s-<br />

terSi uxrwnelad ganisvenebs axalgabrwyinebuli wmi<strong>da</strong>ni ioane rumineli, romelmac<br />

miwieri cxovrebis ukanaskneli Svidi weli gaatara savanis maxloblad erT mRvimeSi,<br />

u<strong>da</strong>bnoSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c gadmocemis Tanaxmad sicocxlis bolos moRvaweob<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> ana, qal-<br />

41

wul mariamis de<strong>da</strong>. Rirsi ioanes gar<strong>da</strong>cvalebis Semdeg mox<strong>da</strong> aseTi saswauli. wesis<br />

agebisas mRvimeSi uecrad Semofrin<strong>da</strong> uricxvi Citi, romlebsac Cveulebriv kvebav<strong>da</strong><br />

wmi<strong>da</strong>ni. amjerad isini arc ki mihkarebian sakvebs, aramed <strong>da</strong>frinavdnen sxeulis<br />

garSemo, asxdebodnen Tavze, mkerdze, xelebsa <strong>da</strong> fexebze <strong>da</strong> yvirodnen. ase gaaciles<br />

maT angelozebTan erTad es sakvirveli moRvawe. Rirsi mama iqve, mRvimeSi <strong>da</strong>krZales.<br />

gavi<strong>da</strong> oci weliwadi. <strong>da</strong> ai, wmi<strong>da</strong>ni ZilSi gamoecxa<strong>da</strong> Tavis mowafes <strong>da</strong> ubrZana<br />

misi nawilebis gaxsna. imave wels <strong>mona</strong>sterSi ameriki<strong>da</strong>n Camovi<strong>da</strong> jgufi berZeni mom-<br />

locvelebisa, romlebmac isurves mama ioanes kubos Tayvaniscema. <strong>da</strong> rodesac iRumenis<br />

TanxlebiT isini mRvimeSi mividnen <strong>da</strong> kubos saxuravi moxsnes, uecrad iqauroba sao-<br />

cari keTilsurnelebiT aivso. marTali ioanes sxeuli iyo sruliad uxrwneli, xrwna<br />

ar Sexebo<strong>da</strong> saxes, wvers, Tmebs, tanisamoss <strong>da</strong> fexsacmels; TiTqos igi ramdenime<br />

saaTis win <strong>da</strong>ekrZalaT. yvelam cocxali rwmeniTa <strong>da</strong> sixaruliT Tayvanisca axalgamo-<br />

Cinebuli wmi<strong>da</strong>nis keTilsurnelovan neSts, romelic Semdgom <strong>mona</strong>sterSi ga<strong>da</strong>asvenes.<br />

ai, amgvari saswaulebiT aris aRsavse wmi<strong>da</strong> miwa, romlebic mTeli msoflios<br />

gasagonad RaRadeben marTlmadidebluri sarwmunoebis WeSmaritebas <strong>da</strong> a<strong>da</strong>mianebs ux-<br />

moben sinanulisken. `aha esera vdga karsa ze<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> vhrek. ukueTu vin isminos xmisa Ce-<br />

misa <strong>da</strong> ganaRos kari, <strong>da</strong> Sevide mis Tana <strong>da</strong> vWamo mis Tana seri, <strong>da</strong> man _ Cem Tana~<br />

(gamocx. 3, 20), _ ambobs ufali. xSirad RmerTi swored saswaulebis eniT uxmobs a<strong>da</strong>-<br />

mians. magram, saubedurod, mxolod erTeulebs esmiT RmrTis es xma, rogorc odesRac<br />

Rirsi dedis, mariam megviptelis suli SeZra ierusalimSi, aRdgomis taZarSi<br />

momx<strong>da</strong>rma saswaulma. man <strong>da</strong>uteva sofeli <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>rCenili cxovreba ior<strong>da</strong>nes gaRma si-<br />

nanulSi gaatara, ramac igi <strong>da</strong>cemis ufskruli<strong>da</strong>n zecaSi aRiyvana.<br />

igi igi Semwea Semwea masTan masTan rwmeniT rwmeniT rwmeniT <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> saso sasoebiT saso biT mimavalTa<br />

mimavalTa<br />

iudeis u<strong>da</strong>bnoSi mravla<strong>da</strong>a sulieri oazisebi _ marTlmadidebluri <strong>mona</strong>strebi,<br />

romelTa Soris gamorCeulia wmi<strong>da</strong> sabas lavra. `Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT beTlemi<strong>da</strong>n<br />

<strong>da</strong> samxreT-aRmosavleTiT ierusalimi<strong>da</strong>n, sami saaTis manZilzed am qalaqebi<strong>da</strong>n,<br />

<strong>da</strong>savleTis kidezed cecxlis mdinarisa, salsa <strong>da</strong> Ra<strong>da</strong>-Ru<strong>da</strong> kldeeb Soris, gaxurve-<br />

bulis cis qveS iudianTa u<strong>da</strong>bnoisa, aris gadmokidebul, msgavsad mourevnelis<br />

goliaTisa, ToTxmet saukuniani burji marTlmadideblobisa palestinaSi _ lavra<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> sabasi, pirvel-saxe moRvaweobiTis sisrulisa <strong>da</strong> sibrZnisa qristeanobiTisa~.<br />

es lavra <strong>da</strong>afuZna Rirsma sabam 502 wels. Tav<strong>da</strong>pirvelad igi Sedgebo<strong>da</strong> ramdenime<br />

senakisgan, romlebSic cxovrobdnen TviTon <strong>da</strong>mfuZnebeli <strong>da</strong> misi mowafeni. eklesia<br />

moTavsebuli iyo did mRvimeSi. mcire xnis Semdgom imperatorma iustinianem, ixila ra<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> sabas saTnoebani, <strong>mona</strong>steri galavnebiTa <strong>da</strong> cixeebiT gareSemozRu<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> sxva<br />

SenobebiT <strong>da</strong> mdi<strong>da</strong>ri SewirulobiT ganaSvena. Rirsi mamis locviT mravali saswauli<br />

aRsrul<strong>da</strong>: lavris SuagulSi wyarom amoxeTqa, gvalvis dros uxvi wvima movi<strong>da</strong>,<br />

ikurnebodnen sneulni <strong>da</strong> eSmakeulni. wmi<strong>da</strong> sabas lavra Tavisi ayvavebis periodSi<br />

itev<strong>da</strong> xuTi aTasze met <strong>mona</strong>zons imaT gar<strong>da</strong>, vinc garSemo mRvimeebSi moRvaweob<strong>da</strong>.<br />

<strong>da</strong>mfuZneblis anderZiT lavraSi Sesvla qalebs aekrZalaT <strong>da</strong> am wess dRemde icaven.<br />

sabawmidis istoria sisxliani furclebiTaa savse. 614 wels lavras Tavs <strong>da</strong>esxnen<br />

sarkinozebi <strong>da</strong> mowyvites mravali ricxvi ZmaTa. ramdenjerme aaoxres igi sparselebma,<br />

arabebma <strong>da</strong> bolos Turqebma. meTeqvsmete saukuneSi sulTanma selimma <strong>da</strong>ipyro pales-<br />

42

tina <strong>da</strong> ierusalimSi <strong>da</strong>niSna axali mmarTveli. maSin mis winaSe wardgnen lavris Zmani<br />

mfarvelobis gamosaTxovad <strong>da</strong> miarTves mciredi ZRveni _ axali xili <strong>da</strong> bostneuli.<br />

mmarTveli gancvifr<strong>da</strong>, rodesac erTnairad Raribad Semosili aTasi <strong>mona</strong>zoni ixila.<br />

man ZRveni ki miiRo, magram brZana maTi amowyveta oci kacis gar<strong>da</strong>, romelTac <strong>mona</strong>s-<br />

terSi <strong>da</strong>brunebis neba <strong>da</strong>rTo.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> sabas lavra mdebareobs maRali sali kldeebiT mozRuduli Rrma xeobis<br />

Tavze, romelsac arabebi uwodeben `cecxlis xevs anu cecxlis nakaduls~, xolo<br />

berZnebi _ `cecxlis mdinares~ im saSineli papanaqeba sicxeebis gamo, aq rom icis<br />

zafxulobiT. gaiReba rkinis kari <strong>da</strong> safexurebiT <strong>da</strong>eSvebiT ezoSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c <strong>da</strong>inaxavT<br />

marmariloTi aRSenebul samlocvelos. aq ganisvenebdnen Rirsi sabas uxrwneli<br />

nawilebi, romlebic SemdgomSi RmrTismSoblis xarebis mTavar taZarSi, xis luskumaSi<br />

<strong>da</strong>abrZanes. <strong>da</strong>savleT mxares aris senaki eklesiis didi mnaTobis _ ioane <strong>da</strong>maskelisa.<br />

aq man aRwera `Tvisni miubaZavni saeklesio galobani _ qriste macxovris aRdgomisa <strong>da</strong><br />

cxra sauflo <strong>da</strong> saRmrTismSoblo dResaswaulTa, dia<strong>da</strong>d gulis aRmafrTovanebelni,<br />

<strong>da</strong>matkbobelni, <strong>da</strong> egreTve manugeSebelni <strong>da</strong> lmobierni sagalobelni, romelnic an-<br />

derZis wesis Sesrulebis dros igalobebian <strong>da</strong> waikiTxebian~.<br />

pirvel yovlisa Tayvani-veciT saba ganwmedilis uxrwnel nawilebs. TxuTmetma<br />

saukunem veraferi <strong>da</strong>aklo Rirsi mamis madlmosil sxeuls. igi Semwea masTan rwmeniT<br />

<strong>da</strong> sasoebiT mimavalTa. umzer mas <strong>da</strong> fiqrob: gana Seedreba miwieri pativi <strong>da</strong> siameni<br />

maradiul didebas RmrTis sasufevelSi? ara, namdvilad. netarni arian is mamani,<br />

lavris kedlebSi wuTisofels ganridebulni sulis cxonebisaTvis rom iRvwian. saT-<br />

noni, wrfelni, qristesmieri siyvaruliT <strong>da</strong> ubraloebiT aRsavseni...<br />

mamebma siTbo misvlisTanave gvagrZnobines. Cveni megzuri, mama evdokime, taZris<br />

sakurTxevelSi SegviZRva <strong>da</strong> saSualeba mogvca, Tayvani-gveca lavris siwmideebis _<br />

uflis ekliani gvirgvinis nawilis, mociqulTa, mRvdelmTavarTa, RirsTa <strong>da</strong> mowameTa<br />

nawilebisaTvis. bolos uflis cxovelmyofeli <strong>jvris</strong> nawiliani jvriT <strong>da</strong>gvloca <strong>da</strong><br />

TiToeul Cvengani <strong>da</strong>asaCuqra gulsakidi sanawile jvriT, romelSic Tavisi xeliT Cag-<br />

vido lavraSi usjuloTagan mowyvetili beris wmi<strong>da</strong> nawili.<br />

saRamo Jams mamebma trapezze migvipatiJes <strong>da</strong> Semdgom senakebSi mogvasvenes, raTa<br />

RamisTeviT locvisTvis Zalebi mogvekriba. msaxureba gamTeniisas <strong>da</strong>srul<strong>da</strong>. wirvis<br />

Semdeg ber-<strong>mona</strong>zvnebi Cveulebriv veran<strong>da</strong>ze gamodian, mcired sazrdels miiReben <strong>da</strong><br />

frinvelebs apureben, romlebic <strong>mona</strong>stris garSemo mravlad <strong>da</strong>frinaven. isini mamebs<br />

ise hyavT miCveuli, rom pirvelive <strong>da</strong>Zaxebaze mofrindebian, xelebsa <strong>da</strong> mxrebze<br />

asxdebian <strong>da</strong> mSvi<strong>da</strong>d kenkaven saWmels.<br />

diliT movinaxuleT saba ganwmedilis mRvime, romelic xeobis ga<strong>da</strong>Rma mdebareobs<br />

<strong>da</strong> kldeSia gamokveTili. aq igi mravali wlis manZilze moRvaweob<strong>da</strong>, sanam lavras<br />

<strong>da</strong>afuZneb<strong>da</strong>. moviloceT sxva meu<strong>da</strong>bnoeTa mRvimeebic <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>vbrundiT savaneSi, raTa<br />

<strong>da</strong>vmSvidobebodiT mamebs, gulSi rom Cagvikres <strong>da</strong> iseTi siTbo CagviRvares, rogoric<br />

Znelad Tu moipoveba wuTisofelSi.<br />

`TiTqos `TiTqos miwis miwis guli<strong>da</strong>n guli<strong>da</strong>n aris aris amozrdili amozrdili amozrdili igi igi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> mipyrobili mipyrobili zeca zecas~ zeca s~<br />

rodesac ufalma u<strong>da</strong>bnoSi ormocwliani xetialis Semdeg ebraelebi aRTqmul mi-<br />

waze Seiyvana, maT Tvalwin ga<strong>da</strong>iSala mwvane velebi, ayvavebuli mdeloebi, umdidresi<br />

zvrebi <strong>da</strong> umSvenieresi xexilis baRebi. dRes iudea, anu palestinis samxreT nawili,<br />

43

metwilad xmel <strong>da</strong> unayofo miwa<strong>da</strong>a qceuli. es aSkara kvalia RmrTis risxvisa<br />

macxovris usamarTlod <strong>da</strong>Rvrili sisxlisaTvis. iudeasTan Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT galilea,<br />

qveynis CrdiloeTi nawili, friad nayofieria. igi, viTarca yovladwmi<strong>da</strong><br />

RmrTismSoblis samSoblo, misi miZinebis Semdgom sargeblobs misive uzenaesi mfar-<br />

velobiTa <strong>da</strong> zeciuri kurTxeviT.<br />

qalwuli mariami <strong>da</strong>iba<strong>da</strong> qalaq nazareTSi. aqve gaiara ieso qristes yrmobisa <strong>da</strong><br />

siWabukis wlebma. mTels galileaSi ar iyo masze umniSvnelo qalaqi; `nazareTiT<br />

SesaZlebel arsa keTilisa raÁsame yofad?~ _ ambobdnen ebraelebi, roca gaiges, rom<br />

iqi<strong>da</strong>n gamoCn<strong>da</strong> macxovari. ai, ras wers mis Sesaxeb arqimandriti rafaeli: `qalaqi<br />

nazareTi mdebareobs mTian adgilas, borcvebs Soris. TiTqos miwis guli<strong>da</strong>n aris<br />

amozrdili igi <strong>da</strong> mipyrobili zecas. misi silamaze gamorCeulia _ nazi, qal-<br />

wulebrivi. erTi cnobili mkvlevari, romelic mravali weli mogzaurob<strong>da</strong> axlo aR-<br />

mosavleTSi, wer<strong>da</strong>, rom arsad unaxavs iseTi mSvenieri mindvris yvavilebi, rogoric<br />

nazareTis SemogarenSi...<br />

nazareTi niSnavs `rCeuls~, `gancalkevebuls~. es patara qalaqi saqaravno gzebis-<br />

agan, palestinis xorblis yanebisa <strong>da</strong> didi savaWro qalaqebisgan marTlac moSorebu-<br />

lia. TiTqos RmerTma gamoari<strong>da</strong>o sofels _ rogorc margaliti Camala. igi ar aris<br />

moxseniebuli Zvel aRTqmaSi; mis Sesaxeb dums ioseb flaviusi. mxolod ramdenime sau-<br />

kunis Semdeg moxv<strong>da</strong> igi istorikosebis furclebze...~<br />

ai, am yvelasaTvis ucnob qalaqSi moivlina RmrTis mTavarangelozi gabrieli <strong>da</strong><br />

qalwul mariams axara sixaruli gamouTqmeli: `gixaroden, mimadlebulo! ufali Sen<br />

Tana. kurTxeul xar Sen de<strong>da</strong>Ta Soris. aha esera Sen muclad-iRo <strong>da</strong> hSve Ze <strong>da</strong> uwodi<br />

saxeli misi iesu. ese iyos did <strong>da</strong> Ze maRlis ewodos~ (luk. 1, 28-32). nazareTSi Ses-<br />

rul<strong>da</strong> saukuniTgan <strong>da</strong>faruli saidumlo a<strong>da</strong>mianTa modgmis gamoxsnisa.<br />

ieso qristes Sobis Semdeg wmi<strong>da</strong> ojaxi herodes SiSiT egvipteSi gaiqca, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />

ori weliwadi gaatara. herodes sikvdilis Semdeg isini palestinaSi <strong>da</strong>brundnen <strong>da</strong><br />

kvlav nazareTSi, marTali iosebis saxlSi <strong>da</strong>saxldnen. maTi sacxovrebeli kldeSi<br />

erTmaneTis Tavze amokveTili ori oTaxisgan Sedgebo<strong>da</strong>, romlebic erTimeores qvis<br />

kibiT ukavSirdebo<strong>da</strong>. zemo oTaxSi cxovrob<strong>da</strong> RmrTismSobeli qalwuli. qveviT, patara<br />

ezoSi, iosebis saxelosno iyo, sa<strong>da</strong>c igi durglobas eweo<strong>da</strong>. mas Tavis saqmianobaSi<br />

exmarebo<strong>da</strong> ieso qriste.<br />

amJamad am wmi<strong>da</strong> adgilze laTinTa eklesia mdebareobs. marTlmadidebluri ta-<br />

Zari ki im wyarozea agebuli, romli<strong>da</strong>nac yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> mariams Sin wyali mihqon<strong>da</strong>.<br />

timoTe gabaSvilis cnobiT, qarTvelebs odesme nazareTSi hqoniaT oTxi <strong>mona</strong>steri.<br />

`misni `misni wyalni wyalni <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> kldeni kldeni arian arian wmi<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> yovelTa yovelTa qristeaneTaTvis~<br />

qristeaneTaTvis~<br />

rodesac ieso qristes 30 weli Seusrul<strong>da</strong>, man de<strong>da</strong>sTan erTad nazareTi <strong>da</strong>tova.<br />

am droisTvis ioseb <strong>da</strong>mwindveli ukve gar<strong>da</strong>cvlili iyo. RmrTismSobeli <strong>da</strong>saxl<strong>da</strong><br />

kapernaumSi, petre mociqulis saxlSi. am qalaqSi <strong>da</strong>yo ufalma Tavisi miwieri cxovre-<br />

bis bolo sami wlis umetesi nawili. aqve aRasrula man Tavis saswaulTagan umrav-<br />

lesi. magram macxovris yofnam kapernaumSi mis mkvidrTa Soris gaRizianeba gamoiwvia.<br />

isini sulierad brma aRmoCndnen misi saswaulebis xilvisas <strong>da</strong> yru _ misi qa<strong>da</strong>gebebis<br />

mosmenisas. maT Sesaxeb ufalma Tqva: `xolo Sen, kapernaum, nu cadme ahmaRldebi, ara-<br />

44

med jojoxeTadmde STahÃde~ (maT. 11, 23). ramdenime saukunis Semdeg uRmrTo qalaqisgan<br />

nangrevebiRa <strong>da</strong>rCa.<br />

macxovarma feri icvala Taboris mTaze, sa<strong>da</strong>c Tavis jvarcmamde ormoci dRiT<br />

adre aiyvana yvelaze erTguli mowafeni _ petre, iakob <strong>da</strong> ioane; `<strong>da</strong> icvala maT wi-<br />

naSe sxuad ferad, <strong>da</strong> ganbrwyin<strong>da</strong> piri misi viTarca mze. xolo samoseli misi iqmna<br />

spetak, viTarca naTeli~. eCvena maT mose <strong>da</strong> ilia <strong>da</strong> esaubrebodnen iesos. ufalma<br />

xilulad ganucxa<strong>da</strong> mociqulebs Tavisi RmrTaebrivi dideba _ maradiuli naTeli,<br />

mzis naTelze ufro spetaki <strong>da</strong> brwyinvale, romelic Tvals ki ar sWri<strong>da</strong> maT, aramed<br />

gamouTqmeli sixaruliT, zeciuri mSvidobiTa <strong>da</strong> netarebiT aRavseb<strong>da</strong>. `ufalo, keTil<br />

ars Cuen<strong>da</strong> aqa yofaÁ~, _ RaRad-hyo petrem. mas sur<strong>da</strong> samu<strong>da</strong>mod gagrZelebuliyo es<br />

sixaruli. am dros naTlis Rrubelma <strong>da</strong>fara isini <strong>da</strong> moisma xma zeciT: `ese ars Ze<br />

Cemi sayuareli, romeli me saTno-viyav; magisi ismineT~ (maT. 17, 1-9). xilva <strong>da</strong>srul<strong>da</strong>.<br />

Taboris mTa aRmarTulia galileis centrSi. misi swori, narnari moxazuloba<br />

TiTqmis yoveli mxri<strong>da</strong>n moCans. igi <strong>da</strong>blobze okeani<strong>da</strong>n amomarTuli kunZuliviTaa<br />

amaRlebuli. mTi<strong>da</strong>n Tvalwarmtaci xedi iSleba mTel galileaze, axlomdebare mind-<br />

vrebsa <strong>da</strong> borcvebze, nazareTze. marTlmadidebluri taZari Taboris mTaze 1911 wels<br />

aigo elene dedoflis mier aSenebuli <strong>da</strong> Semdgom usjuloTagan <strong>da</strong>ngreuli eklesiis<br />

adgilze. misi sakurTxeveli mdebareobs zustad iq, sa<strong>da</strong>c mox<strong>da</strong> uflis feriscvaleba.<br />

yoveli wlis 19 agvistos (6 agvistos Zv. stiliT) am taZars madlmosili Rrubeli<br />

adgeba, rac marTlmadidebluri sarwmunoebis WeSmaritebasa <strong>da</strong> Zveli stilis siswores<br />

mowmobs.<br />

Taboris mTi<strong>da</strong>n Camosulebs <strong>da</strong> papanaqeba sicxiT gaTangulebs Zalas SegmatebT<br />

galileis tbis wyalSi gagrileba. `galileas tba <strong>da</strong> misni mi<strong>da</strong>moni iyvnen gansa-<br />

kuTrebiT sayvarel maT Semoqmedis <strong>da</strong> RmrTisa, mis oc<strong>da</strong>aTcametis wlis qveynier<br />

cxovrebis drosa. igi ars gansakuTrebiT saxarebis tba, rameTu masze<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> mis<br />

napirebze<strong>da</strong> Sesrulden saxarebis mravalni moTxrobani; misni wyalni <strong>da</strong> kldeni arian<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> yovelTa qristeaneTaTvis. aq iqmnen aRrCeul qveynis macxovrisa mier mociqulni:<br />

svimon, wodebuli petred, <strong>da</strong> Zma misi andria, iakob <strong>da</strong> Zma misi ioane. aq aswaveb<strong>da</strong><br />

ufali ersa, romelic miiswrafebo<strong>da</strong> misi mimarT, viTarca sulierad mwyurvale uk-<br />

v<strong>da</strong>vebisa wyarosadmi, <strong>da</strong> TviTon macxovari Sevi<strong>da</strong> navsa svimon-petressa <strong>da</strong> aqe<strong>da</strong>n, vi-<br />

Tarca kaTedri<strong>da</strong>n, warmosTqva Tvisni RmrTaebrivni igavni. aq imave petrem, romelic<br />

mrTeli Rame uqmad <strong>da</strong>Svra Tvisis amxanagebiTa Tevzis WeraSi, rodesac esrola bade<br />

zRvaSi brZanebisaebr uflisa, <strong>da</strong>iWira esreTi simravle TevzTa, rom gankvirvebaman<br />

Seipyro igi <strong>da</strong> yovelni, romelni iyvnen misTana, esreTis Tevzis nadirobisagan. am<br />

tbis wyalTa ze<strong>da</strong> vido<strong>da</strong> macxovari, viTarca xmelTa ze<strong>da</strong>, <strong>da</strong>ayu<strong>da</strong> Relvani <strong>da</strong> qarni<br />

brZanebiTa TvisiTa, <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>ixsna petre am zRvaSi <strong>da</strong>rCobisagan. amis napirzed _ qalaqs<br />

kapernaumSi scxovreb<strong>da</strong> TviT ufali, rodesac gadmosaxl<strong>da</strong> aq nazareTidgan yov-<br />

ladwmi<strong>da</strong> Tavis dediT <strong>da</strong> mowafeebiTurT. aqve iwyo ufalma pirvelive Tvisi qa<strong>da</strong>geba:<br />

`SeinaneT, rameTu moaxloebul ars sasufeveli caTa~...<br />

`ravdeni `ravdeni saidumlo, saidumlo, saidumlo, sakvirvel sakvirvel didebuli didebuli SeerTebulia<br />

SeerTebulia<br />

SeerTebulia<br />

saxelwodebaSi saxelwodebaSi saxelwodebaSi `ier `ierusalim!~<br />

`ier salim!~ salim!~<br />

gadmocemiT, qalaqi ierusalimi aRaSena RmrTis didma mRvdelmTavarma <strong>da</strong><br />

salimis mefem melqisedekma. man ierusalimSi gadmoasvena pirveli mamis, a<strong>da</strong>mis, gvami,<br />

45

omelic <strong>da</strong>culi iyo noes mier kidobanSi warRvnis dros <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>fla igi golgoTaze.<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> pavle mociqulis ganmartebiT, saxelwodeba `salimi~ niSnavs mSvidobas, xolo<br />

`melqisedek~ _ meufes simarTlisa (ebr. 7, 2). `ravdeni saidumlo, sakvirvel didebuli<br />

SeerTebulia saxelwodebaSi `ierusalim!~ melqisedek, meufe simarTlisa, <strong>da</strong> Zveli<br />

aRTqmis mRvdelmTavari, pirvel-momaswavebeli qriste macxovrisa, sityvisaebr winas-<br />

warmetyvelisa <strong>da</strong>viTisa, `Sen xar mRudel ukunisamde wessa ze<strong>da</strong> melqisedekissa~ (fs.<br />

109, 4), aSenebs `qalaqsa mSvidobisasa~ <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>hflavs mas Sina golgoTaze<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>cemuls<br />

a<strong>da</strong>msa. axalis aRTqmis saukuno mRudelmTavari _ Ze RuTisa am qalaqsa mSvidobisas<br />

golgoTazedve Tvisis nebsiTis sikvdiliT Searigebs SemoqmedTan <strong>da</strong>cemuls qmnilebas<br />

RuTisas <strong>da</strong> mesame dRes aRdgomiTa TvisiTa mSvidobas sofelsa moaniWebs!..~<br />

saRmrTo werilSi ierusalimi pirvelad isu naves wignSi moixsenieba: `<strong>da</strong> gamoiy-<br />

vanes mis<strong>da</strong> xuTni mefeni qvabiT <strong>da</strong> mefe <strong>ierusalimis</strong>a~. uZvelesi droi<strong>da</strong>n ebraelTa<br />

qanaanis miwaze mosvlamde ierusalims iebuselni, qamis Zis, qanaanis STamomavalni<br />

flobdnen. <strong>da</strong>viTma gamefebis Semdeg iebuselni ierusalimi<strong>da</strong>n gamodevna <strong>da</strong> igi Tavisi<br />

samefos sataxto qalaqad gamoacxa<strong>da</strong>. aq man axali moZravi karavi <strong>da</strong>dga <strong>da</strong> moses kar-<br />

vi<strong>da</strong>n masSi didi zeimiT ga<strong>da</strong>itana sjulis kidobani.<br />

<strong>da</strong>viTis sikvdilis Semdeg taxtze avi<strong>da</strong> misi Ze solomoni, romelmac ierusalimSi<br />

didebuli taZari aRaSena. es iyo msoflioSi erTaderTi taZari, romelic erT RmerTs<br />

eZRvnebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> warmarTuli samyaros Tavze ise aRmarTuliyo, rogorc Suqura _ maRal<br />

<strong>da</strong> frialo kldeze. magram gavi<strong>da</strong> xani <strong>da</strong> israeli ganudga RmerTs. ieremia winaswar-<br />

metyvelis cxovrebaSi weria, rom israelis mefe sedekia warmarTul RmrTaebebs yve-<br />

laze saSinel <strong>da</strong> Semzarav msxverpls swirav<strong>da</strong>: is orsul qalebs mucels uWri<strong>da</strong>,<br />

saSo<strong>da</strong>n glej<strong>da</strong> bavSvs <strong>da</strong> baalis kerpis win wvav<strong>da</strong>. xalxma Tavis borotmoqmed mefes<br />

mibaZa <strong>da</strong> sasjelic moiwia. babilonis mefe nabuqodonosorma ierusalimi miwasTan<br />

gaaswora <strong>da</strong> ebraelebi tyveobaSi gareka.<br />

iudevelebi tyveobaSi 70 weliwads iyvnen. am drois Sesrulebamde sparseTis mefe<br />

kvirosma <strong>da</strong>imorCila babilonis samefo <strong>da</strong> iudevelebs samSobloSi <strong>da</strong>brunebis neba<br />

misca. <strong>da</strong>brunebisTanave maT aRadgines ierusalimi <strong>da</strong> Zveli taZris adgilze axali<br />

aages. isini wuxdnen, rom igi solomonis taZarze ufro mcire <strong>da</strong> Rarib i iyo, magram<br />

winaswarmetyvelni angia, zaqaria <strong>da</strong> malaqia anugeSebdnen, rom am taZris dideba<br />

umetesi iqnebo<strong>da</strong> pirvelisaze, radgan masSi movido<strong>da</strong> mxsneli soflisa.<br />

ieso qristes Sobamde 301 wels israeli <strong>da</strong>ipyro egviptis mefe ptolemeosma. man<br />

brZana bibliis Targmna ebrauli<strong>da</strong>n berZnul enaze. amisTvis ebraelTagan gamoirCies<br />

samoc<strong>da</strong>aTi brZeni <strong>da</strong> mwignobari kaci, romelTa Soris iyo marTali svimeonic. esaia<br />

winaswarmetyvelis sityvebis: `aha qalwuli miudges <strong>da</strong> Sves Ze” (es. 7, 14) Targmnisas,<br />

svimeoni eWvma Seipyro <strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>wyvita, Tavisi xelnaweri<strong>da</strong>n amoeSala sityva qalwuli.<br />

mas eCvena uflis angelozi <strong>da</strong> auwya, rom ar igemeb<strong>da</strong> sikvdils, sanam ar ixilav<strong>da</strong><br />

qalwulisagan Sobil RmerTs. im droi<strong>da</strong>n svimeoni mxurvale guliswadiliT moelo<strong>da</strong><br />

macxovris mosvlas.<br />

ase ase amx amxila amx amxila<br />

ila RmerTma RmerTma uRmrToni uRmrToni <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> Tavisi Tavisi gamouTqmeli gamouTqmeli kacTmoyvarebiT<br />

kacTmoyvarebiT<br />

moaqcia moaqcia moaqcia Secdomilni Secdomilni cxon cxonebis cxon bis bis gzaze gzaze<br />

gzaze<br />

<strong>da</strong> ai, <strong>da</strong>dga codviT <strong>da</strong>cemuli a<strong>da</strong>mis modgmisaTvis RmrTis mier aRTqmuli me-<br />

siis mosvlis Jami. yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> qalwul mariamisgan iSva Ze RmrTisa, raTa codvisa <strong>da</strong><br />

46

sikvdilis monobisgan exsna kacobrioba <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>ebrunebina zeciuri mamis wiaRSi. So-<br />

bi<strong>da</strong>n meormoce dRes, sjulis Tanaxmad, mimadlebulma mariamma <strong>da</strong> ioseb <strong>da</strong>mwindvelma<br />

yrma <strong>ierusalimis</strong> taZarSi miiyvanes. marTali svimeonic im dros iq imyofebo<strong>da</strong>. man<br />

suliwmidis madliT gulisxmahyo, rom es yrma iyo aRTqmuli mesia, es de<strong>da</strong> ki _ wmi<strong>da</strong><br />

qalwuli, romelzec aRsrul<strong>da</strong> esaias winaswarmetyveleba. krZalviTa <strong>da</strong> sixaruliT<br />

aiyvana man xelebSi ufali <strong>da</strong> SehRaRa<strong>da</strong>: `aw ganuteve <strong>mona</strong>Á Seni, meufeo, sityvisaebr<br />

Senisa mSvidobiT, rameTu ixiles TualTa CemTa macxovarebaÁ Seni...” (luk. 2, 29); mad-<br />

loba Seswira RmerTs, romelmac mimadla nugeSi israels, <strong>da</strong> sul male 365 wlis<br />

asakSi ganuteva suli.<br />

magram hoi, saocrebav! israelma ver icno mxsneli, visac aTaswleulebis manZilze<br />

sasoebiT moelo<strong>da</strong>, <strong>da</strong> mokla igi. Tavis jvarcmamde mcire xniT adre zeTisxilis mTi-<br />

<strong>da</strong>n <strong>ierusalimis</strong> xilvisas ieso qristem itira masze <strong>da</strong> Tqva: `ukueTumca gecna Sen<br />

dResa amas mSÂdobad Sen<strong>da</strong>! xolo aw <strong>da</strong>efara TualTagan SenTa. rameTu movlenan<br />

dReni Sen ze<strong>da</strong>, <strong>da</strong> mogadgan Sen mterTa SenTa laSqari <strong>da</strong> gare-mogadgen Sen <strong>da</strong><br />

Segkribon Sen yovliT kerZo. <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>garRvion Sen, <strong>da</strong> Svilni Senni Sen Soris <strong>da</strong>ecnen,<br />

<strong>da</strong> ara <strong>da</strong>hSTes qvaÁ qvasa Sen Soris amisTvis, rameTu ara gulisxma-hyav Jami moxedvisa<br />

SenisaÁ~ (luk. 19, 41-44). es winaswarmetyveleba male aRsrul<strong>da</strong>. qristes Sobi<strong>da</strong>n 70<br />

wels romaelma mxe<strong>da</strong>rTmTavarma titusma Semusra ierusalimi <strong>da</strong> miwasTan gaaswora<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> taZari. uTvalavi ebraeli <strong>da</strong>iRupa an mimoifanta msoflios sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva kuTxeSi.<br />

maT mu<strong>da</strong>m Tan sdev<strong>da</strong> devna <strong>da</strong> gasaWiri <strong>da</strong> dRemde mSvidoba sanatrelia maTTvis.<br />

135 wels romis keisris adrianes brZanebiT ierusalimi xelmeored <strong>da</strong>angries. man<br />

qristes jvarcmis adgilze aRaSena veneras, xolo aRdgomis adgilze _ iupiteris bo-<br />

moni. Tavad qalaqs Seucvala saxeli <strong>da</strong> uwo<strong>da</strong> elia kapitolina. warmarTebs sur<strong>da</strong>T<br />

sruliad <strong>da</strong>efaraT <strong>da</strong> qristianTaTvis moespoT es wmi<strong>da</strong> adgilebi. magram amao iyo<br />

maTi mzakvarebani. <strong>ierusalimis</strong>a <strong>da</strong> sruliad palestinis siwmideebi samasi wlis gan-<br />

mavlobaSi <strong>da</strong>culi iyvnen qristianTa xsovnaSi, romlebic modiodnen <strong>da</strong> saidumlod<br />

Tayvans-scemdnen maT.<br />

qristes siyvaruliT aRZrulma pirvelma qristianma mefem, wmi<strong>da</strong> konstantine<br />

didma <strong>da</strong> misma de<strong>da</strong>m, netarma elenem moisurves am wmi<strong>da</strong> adgilebis aRmoCena. 326 wels<br />

elene dedofalma ipova uflis cxovelmyofeli jvari <strong>da</strong> ieso qristes jvarcmisa <strong>da</strong><br />

brwyinvale aRdgomis adgilze aRaSena didebuli taZari. man <strong>da</strong>amxo ierusalimSi<br />

mdgomi warmarTuli bomonebi <strong>da</strong> mTeli wmi<strong>da</strong> miwa qristianuli taZrebiT Seamko.<br />

gavi<strong>da</strong> mcire xani <strong>da</strong> bizantiis samefo taxtze avi<strong>da</strong> iuliane gandgomili, qris-<br />

tianobis mteri. man ebraelebs mouxsna xarki, aRuTqva xelSeuxebloba <strong>da</strong> brZana, aR-<br />

edginaT <strong>ierusalimis</strong> taZari. aTiaTasobiT ebraeli sixaruliT gamoexmaura usjulo<br />

mefis brZanebas <strong>da</strong> am saqmisTvis gaRebuli Sewirulobis gar<strong>da</strong> isurva mSeneblobaSi<br />

pira<strong>da</strong>d mieRo <strong>mona</strong>wileoba.<br />

mSeneblobis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSive Zlierma nislma xeli SeuSala samuSaoebs. 362 wlis<br />

bolos ki <strong>da</strong>iwyo saSineli miwisZvra, romelmac <strong>da</strong>angria ramdenime qalaqi, zogierT<br />

olqSi ki zRvis talRebma pirisagan miwisa aRgaves yvelaferi. miwisZvris centri<br />

ierusalimSi iyo. qvis mTlelebs aRar SeeZloT muSaobis gagrZeleba. maT araerTxel<br />

<strong>da</strong>xv<strong>da</strong>T ramdenime saaTis win gaTxrili saZirkvlebi nangrevebiT <strong>da</strong> miwiT amovsebuli.<br />

mravali <strong>da</strong>iRupa miwisZvris dros Camocvenili qvebiT. yvelafris miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad, iulianes<br />

47

ZanebiT samuSaoebi kvlav grZeldebo<strong>da</strong>, magram axlad moweulma risxvam gatexa maTi<br />

winaaRmdegoba.<br />

zecaSi gamoCn<strong>da</strong> cecxlovani jvrebi, romelTaganac cecxlovani burTebi cviod-<br />

nen mSeneblobis adgilze <strong>da</strong> wvavdnen iq momuSaveebs. mravali TviTmxilvelis perang-<br />

zec jvari aRibeW<strong>da</strong>. am saocrebis momswre iudevelebi <strong>da</strong> warmarTebi erTxmad<br />

aRiarebdnen qristianTa RmerTs, adidebdnen mas <strong>da</strong> cdilobdnen uflisTvis guli<br />

moelboT, raTa is saSineli risxva maTac Tavze ar <strong>da</strong>stexo<strong>da</strong>T. mravali a<strong>da</strong>miani<br />

qristian mRvdlebTan garbo<strong>da</strong>, raTa maTTvis mxurvaled eTxovaT eklesiis wiaRSi<br />

miReba, marTlmadideblur swavlebaSi ganswavla <strong>da</strong> Semdgom naTlisReba. ase amxila<br />

RmerTma uRmrToni <strong>da</strong> Tavisi gamouTqmeli kacTmoyvarebiT moaqcia Secdomilni cxone-<br />

bis gzaze.<br />

aq aq aq iwyeba iwyeba iwyeba uflis uflis uflis vnebis vnebis vnebis gza gza gza _ _ _ via via via dolorosa<br />

dolorosa<br />

dolorosa<br />

uzarmazari galavniT garSemortymuli Zveli ierusalimi mxolod mcire nawils<br />

Seadgens didi, Tanamedrove qalaqisa. galavanSi Svidi karibWea <strong>da</strong>tanebuli. erT-erTi<br />

maTgani, oqros karibWe anu `karibWe wyalobisa~, amJamad amoqolilia. gadmocemiT,<br />

swored misi gavliT Sevi<strong>da</strong> CoCorze mjdomi ufali didebiT ierusalimSi. am adgilis<br />

maxloblad geTsamaniis baRia, sa<strong>da</strong>c saidumlo serobis Semdeg macxovari Tavis mowa-<br />

feebTan erTad mivi<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> loculob<strong>da</strong>: `mamao Cemo, ukueTu SesaZlebel ars, Tana-<br />

warmÃedin Cemgan sasumeli ese; xolo ara viTar me mnebavs, aramed viTarca Sen~ (maT,<br />

26, 39). geTsamaniis baRSi dgas rva beberi zeTisxilis xe, romlebic SesaZloa mowmeni<br />

iyvnen iu<strong>da</strong>s amborisa <strong>da</strong> ebraelTa mier ieso qristes Sepyrobisa.<br />

aqe<strong>da</strong>n ufali waiyvanes mRvdelmTavar anas saxlSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c mas mouwyves samsjavro<br />

<strong>da</strong> gamoutanes sasikvdilo ganaCeni, `hnerwyuvides pirsa missa <strong>da</strong> ÃurTiTa scemdes<br />

Tavsa missa, <strong>da</strong> romelnime yurimalsa scemdes~ (maT. 26, 67). ganaCenis sisruleSi mosay-<br />

vanad uRmrTo mRvdelmTavrebma <strong>da</strong> farisevlebma Ze RmrTisa miiyvanes pilatesTan, ro-<br />

melic cxovrob<strong>da</strong> herodes mier TeTri marmariloTi aSenebul mdidrul sasaxleSi _<br />

pretoriumSi. am sasaxlis aivanze gamoiyvana pilatem ufali <strong>da</strong> hkiTxa gareT Sekrebil<br />

ebraelTa brbos, visi gaTavisufleba sur<strong>da</strong>T: kacismkvleli barabasi Tu ieso qrist-<br />

esi, razec ebraelebma erTxmad upasuxes: baraba, <strong>da</strong> moiTxoves qristes jvarcma. dRes<br />

am adgilas dgas skola. aq iwyeba uflis vnebis gza _ via dolorosa.<br />

aRelvebuli brbos <strong>da</strong>saSoSmineblad pilatem ieso gaSolta <strong>da</strong> romael mxedrebs<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>sca, raTa jvars-ecvaT igi. maT waiyvanes msjavrdebuli <strong>da</strong> Tavs <strong>da</strong>axvies mTeli<br />

razmi. gaxades mas <strong>da</strong> Semoses Zoweulis mosasxami. <strong>da</strong>wnes eklis gvirgvini <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>adges<br />

Tavze, marjvena xelSi misces lerwami. mis winaSe muxls iyridnen, <strong>da</strong>scinodnen <strong>da</strong><br />

eubnebodnen: gixaroden, meufeo huriaTao! afurTxebdnen mas, aiRes lerwami <strong>da</strong> TavSi<br />

urtyamdnen. <strong>da</strong>cinviT rom guli ijeres, gaxades mosasxami, Semoses Tavisive samoseli<br />

<strong>da</strong> ahkides jvari.<br />

mihyvebi vnebis gzas. ai adgili, sa<strong>da</strong>c amdeni tanjviT <strong>da</strong>uZlurebulma macxovarma<br />

veRar gauZlo <strong>jvris</strong> simZimes <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>eca. maSin mxedrebma <strong>da</strong>akaves pirvelive Semxvedri<br />

iudeveli, simon kvirineli, <strong>da</strong> mas aiZules iesos <strong>jvris</strong> tareba. aq ki mtirali dede-<br />

bisTvis miumarTavs ufals: `asulno ierusalemisano, nu stirT Cem ze<strong>da</strong>, aramed TavTa<br />

TquenTa stirodeT <strong>da</strong> SvilTa TquenTa~ (luk. 23, 28). qvis kedelSi amotvifruli niS-<br />

48

nebi migviTiTeben, rom am alagas yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> RmrTismSobeli eambora Tavis Zes, iq ki<br />

macxovari meored <strong>da</strong>eca. es is adgilia, sa<strong>da</strong>c wmi<strong>da</strong> veronikam mas tiloTi SeumSrala<br />

sisxliT moTxvrili saxe <strong>da</strong> tiloze uflis xelTuqmneli xateba aRibeW<strong>da</strong>; <strong>da</strong> bolos,<br />

golgoTaze asvlis win mxsneli mesamed <strong>da</strong>eca...<br />

`...visi `...visi guli guli iyos iyos manRn manRnitisa, manRn tisa, romeli romeli ara ara ti tirodis!~<br />

ti rodis!~<br />

ierusalimi gulia qveynierebisa, golgoTa ki Tavad <strong>ierusalimis</strong> gulia, RmerT-<br />

kacis sisxliT <strong>da</strong>ltobili wmi<strong>da</strong>Tawmi<strong>da</strong> adgili, <strong>da</strong>sasruli gzisa, romelic CvenTvis<br />

gankacebulma <strong>da</strong> nebsiT vnebulma ufalma gaiara miwaze. Tavi <strong>da</strong>im<strong>da</strong>bla, avazakTa Tana<br />

Seiracxa <strong>da</strong> saSineli sulieri <strong>da</strong> fizikuri tkivilebi <strong>da</strong>iTmina a<strong>da</strong>mianTa xsnisaTvis.<br />

rodesac macxovari jvarze eki<strong>da</strong>, TrTo<strong>da</strong> mTeli buneba, gauCinar<strong>da</strong> mzis naTeli <strong>da</strong><br />

SuadRisas bnelma moicva mTeli qveyana. es movlena mravali saukuniT adre aRwera<br />

amos winaswarmetyvelma: `<strong>da</strong> iyos mas dResa Sina, ityvis ufali, _ <strong>da</strong>hxdes mze SuadRe<br />

<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>bneldes queyanasa ze<strong>da</strong> dResa Sina naTeli~ (amos 8, 9). `klde igi ganpebuli sak-<br />

virvelebiT ixilvebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> jvari aRmarTebuli <strong>da</strong> zed saxe qristesa Zelsa <strong>da</strong>mokide-<br />

buli, sisxliTa Sesvaruli ucxod ganicdebo<strong>da</strong>. marTali igi, mowyalebisaTvis kacTa<br />

codvilTagan simarTlisaTvis jvarcmuli, mun ra ixilvebis, visi guli iyos manRni-<br />

tisa, romeli ara tirodis!~ _ wers momlocveli.<br />

golgoTis Ziras imyofeba qva, romelzec `Suenierman ioseb Zelisagan gar<strong>da</strong>moxsna<br />

uxrwneli igi gvami Seni~, qriste, `armenakiTa wmidiTa wargragna <strong>da</strong> axalsa saflavsa<br />

<strong>da</strong>gdva~. aq <strong>da</strong>itira mwuxarebiT gulgangmirulma RmrTismSobelma Tavisi sayvareli Ze.<br />

Tayvani-veciT qristes saflavs. `gamouTqmelia morwmune gulisaTvis is saRmrTo<br />

wami, rodesac qristeane pirvelad eRirseba am suliers nugeSsa <strong>da</strong> sixarulsa~.<br />

tkbilia <strong>da</strong> madlmosili uflis saflavi. aq gansakuTrebiT igrZnoba siaxlove zecisa<br />

<strong>da</strong> amaoeba wuTisoflisa. gwyuria, samu<strong>da</strong>mod <strong>da</strong>rCe amqveynad yvelaze saocar adgilas,<br />

sa<strong>da</strong>c mkvdreTiT aRdgomilma RmerTma sulieri saflavebi<strong>da</strong>n aRmogviyvana <strong>da</strong> mara-<br />

diul sicocxles gvaziara. SuriT igoneb, keTili SuriT im bers, romelsac saflavze<br />

Tvalyuris devneba arguna gangebam. siyvaruliT ixseneb aRdgomis savanis episkopos<br />

<strong>da</strong>niels, sakvirveli ubraloebiT Semkul kacs. gana SeiZleba sxvanairi iyos am wmi<strong>da</strong><br />

adgilze <strong>da</strong>mkvidrebuli a<strong>da</strong>miani?!<br />

sikvdilis sakrvelTa gaxsnisa <strong>da</strong> mkvdreTiT aRdgomis Semdeg macxovarma de<strong>da</strong>mi-<br />

waze kidev ormoci dRe <strong>da</strong>yo. is Tavis mowafeebs xSirad ecxadebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> Tavis dide-<br />

bul aRdgomaSi mravali mowmobiT arwmuneb<strong>da</strong>. roca es dReebi gasrul<strong>da</strong>, ieso qristem<br />

mociqulebi zeTisxilis mTaze aiyvana, `aRipyrna xelni Tvisni <strong>da</strong> akurTxna igini~<br />

(luk. 24, 50), <strong>da</strong> kurTxevisas maT Tvalwin zecad amaRl<strong>da</strong>. mociqulebma Tayvani-sces<br />

mas <strong>da</strong> suliwmidis madlis moRebis aRTqmiT gaxarebulni ierusalimSi <strong>da</strong>brundnen.<br />

ufalma igi igi zecad zecad zecad aRamaRla aRamaRla <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> miuwvdomeli miuwvdomeli miuwvdomeli didebiT didebiT didebiT Semosa<br />

Semosa<br />

zeTisxilis anu eleonis mTa Zveli <strong>ierusalimis</strong> aRmosavleTiT mdebareobs <strong>da</strong><br />

misgan qedronis xeobiT aris gamoyofili. Tavisi saxelwodeba mTam im zeTisxilis ty-<br />

isgan miiRo, romelic mis ferdobebzea gaSenebuli. misi mwvervali<strong>da</strong>n qalaqis mSveni-<br />

49

eri xedi iSleba. miwieri cxovrebisas macxovari araerTxel yofila eleonis mTaze. aq<br />

esaubrebo<strong>da</strong> mowafeebs, aswavla locva _ `mamao Cveno~ <strong>da</strong> Tava<strong>da</strong>c loculob<strong>da</strong> gan-<br />

martoebiT. zaqarias winaswarmetyvelebis Tanaxmad saSineli samsjavros dRes ufali<br />

<strong>da</strong>dgeba am mTaze <strong>da</strong> mTa or nawilad gaipoba.<br />

zeTisxilis mTas odesRac wmi<strong>da</strong> elene dedoflis mier agebuli taZari amSve-<br />

neb<strong>da</strong>. mas Ria gumbaTi hqon<strong>da</strong>, raTa mlocvelebs SeZlebo<strong>da</strong>T xilva cisa, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />

didebiT amaRl<strong>da</strong> macxovari soflisa. amJamad uflis amaRlebis adgilze dgas meCeTi.<br />

masSi imyofeba qva, romelzec uflis marcxena terfia aRbeWdili.<br />

zeTisxilis mTis Ziras, geTsamaniaSi aris saflavi yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> RmrTismSoblisa.<br />

grZeli <strong>da</strong>mreci kibe CagviZRva Rrmad miwisqveS. vixileT <strong>da</strong> veamboreT adgils, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />

sul mcire xniT ganisvena yovladpatiosanma gvamma RmrTis dedisa. ufalma igi zecad<br />

aRamaRla <strong>da</strong> miuwvdomeli didebiT Semosa. imave taZris WerqveS <strong>da</strong>krZalulia maradis<br />

qalwulis mSoblebi _ marTali ioakime <strong>da</strong> ana <strong>da</strong> misi <strong>da</strong>mwindveli _ marTali iosebi.<br />

Zveli <strong>ierusalimis</strong> samxreTiT aRmarTulia kidev erTi wmi<strong>da</strong> mTa _ sioni. ai, ras<br />

gviambobs mis Sesaxeb dekanozi petre konWoSvili: `Svids ivniss movixile sionis qori<br />

(samlocvelo saxli maRla sarTulSi); exla aq sdgas osmalTa meCeTi <strong>da</strong> pirvel<br />

dros ki yofila pirvel qristeaneTa eklesia sionisa. aqe<strong>da</strong>n aris keTil-mowiwebis mi-<br />

baZviT aRebuli saxelwodeba sionisa, romlis saxelze<strong>da</strong>c saqarTveloSi ramdenime<br />

SesaniSnavi taZaria aRSenebuli. am meCeTSi, Zvelad sionis qorSi, arian saflavni<br />

<strong>da</strong>viTis, solomonis <strong>da</strong> sxvaTa mefeTa israelis erisaTa. aq iyo `didi, <strong>da</strong>gebuli~, gan-<br />

mzadebuli qori, romelSiac Sesrulebul iqmna saidumlo seroba; aq macxovarman <strong>da</strong>-<br />

hbanna ferxni mowafeTa TvisTa <strong>da</strong> winaswar-etyo<strong>da</strong> maT nebsiT vnebaTa TvisTa, <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong>amtkiceb<strong>da</strong> sarwmunoebasa <strong>da</strong> siyvarulSi; aqe<strong>da</strong>n gamovi<strong>da</strong> igi mowafeebiTurT geT-<br />

samaniis mtilsa (baRsa). aq iyvnen Sekrebul mociqulni `SiSisaTvis uriaTasa <strong>da</strong>xSu-<br />

lis karebiT~, <strong>da</strong> ufali gamoecxa<strong>da</strong> maT Semdeg aRdgomisa Tvisisa, <strong>da</strong>xSulis karebiT,<br />

anugeSeb<strong>da</strong> maT <strong>da</strong> gar<strong>da</strong>sca madli sulisa wmidisa; aqave meoregzis gamoecxa<strong>da</strong> igi,<br />

raTamca <strong>da</strong>erwmunebina mociquli Toma Tvissa aRdgomazed; aqave gavardnilis iu<strong>da</strong><br />

gamcemelis magier iyo wiliT aRrCeul mociqulad mataTa; aq dResa meergasesa (50)<br />

gar<strong>da</strong>movi<strong>da</strong> suli wmi<strong>da</strong> mociqulTa ze<strong>da</strong>, saxiTa cecxlisa enaTa. uwinares sulis<br />

wmidis gar<strong>da</strong>mosvlisa sionis qorSi iyares wili aTormetTa mociqulTa <strong>da</strong> yov-<br />

ladwmi<strong>da</strong> RmrTismSobelman, vis romels mxares Sehxvdebo<strong>da</strong> qa<strong>da</strong>geba saxarebisa. <strong>da</strong> am<br />

wilis yriT de<strong>da</strong>sa RmrTisasa ergo wilad iveria _ saqarTvelo. amave sionis qorSi<br />

wmi<strong>da</strong> iakob mociquli, Zma uflisa, wodebuli mcired, iyo <strong>da</strong>dgenil pirvel<br />

episkoposad <strong>ierusalimis</strong>a. aq Sesdga pirveli mociqulTa kreba q. ierusalimsa; aq<br />

Seasrula wmi<strong>da</strong> ioane maxarebelma pirveli wirva yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> RmrTismSobelisaTvis;<br />

aqa scxovreb<strong>da</strong> 24 wlis ganmavlobaSi yovladwmi<strong>da</strong> de<strong>da</strong> RmrTisa safarvelsa qveSe<br />

Tavisi Zisa pirvelis eklesiisasa <strong>da</strong> aqave <strong>da</strong>asrula Tvisi qveyniuri cxovreba~.<br />

gansrul<strong>da</strong> Cveni mogzauroba wmi<strong>da</strong> miwaze, sul ori kvira _ dro mcire, magram<br />

sulSi CaRvrili nugeSis mixedviT cxovrebaSi yvelaze Zvirfasi. ierusalimi misi mom-<br />

locvelisTvis mSobliur qalaqad iqceva <strong>da</strong> gulSi ise aRibeWdeba, rom gava wlebi <strong>da</strong><br />

xsovni<strong>da</strong>n ar waiSleba. ver <strong>da</strong>iviwyeb wmi<strong>da</strong> miwaze moRvawe mamebsa <strong>da</strong> dedebs, wuTi-<br />

soflis sacTurni rom <strong>da</strong>uteves <strong>da</strong> uflis tkbili uReli itvirTes. ver <strong>da</strong>iviwyeb mama<br />

50

niloss, angklikanizmi<strong>da</strong>n marTlmadideblobaze moqceul inglisel bers, didi siTbo<br />

rom gvagrZnobina <strong>da</strong> gulistkiviliT gviTxra: <strong>qarTuli</strong> suli akliao wmi<strong>da</strong> miwas. <strong>da</strong><br />

kidev: yvelaferi aqvso evropas, raTa <strong>da</strong>Rupos a<strong>da</strong>mianis sulio. dRes Cven arCevanis<br />

winaSe vdgavarT: marTlmadidebloba <strong>da</strong> misi siwmide, Tu evropa <strong>da</strong> misi warmarTuli<br />

cxovrebis wesi...<br />

Cveni naambobi gvsurs wmi<strong>da</strong> grigol noselis sityvebiT <strong>da</strong>vasruloT. am Rirsma<br />

mamam keTilmowiwebiTi sixaruliT moiloca wmi<strong>da</strong> adgilebi palestinaSi, magram masze<br />

usiamovno STabeWdileba moaxdina sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva mwvaleblobis mier aRelvebul pales-<br />

tinis mcxovrebTa uwesobebma <strong>da</strong> uTanxmoebebma. amgvari mZime grZnobis gavlenis qveS<br />

grigolma miswera erT gandegils, romelsac sur<strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> adgilebis Tayvaniscema:<br />

`aqebdiT ufals im adgilze, sa<strong>da</strong>c imyofebiT! adgilis gamocvla ar <strong>da</strong>gvaaxlovebs<br />

Cven RmerTs. sa<strong>da</strong>c un<strong>da</strong> imyofebode, ufali mova SenTan, Tu Seni sulis savane aR-<br />

moCndeba iseTi, rom <strong>da</strong>emkvidros igi <strong>da</strong> icxovros SenSi. xolo Tu Seni Sinagani kaci<br />

boroti gulisTqmebiT aris savse, maSin gind imyofebode golgoTaze, gind zeTisx-<br />

ilis mTaze, an uflis saflavze, Sen iseve ar ZalgiZs Seiwynaro SenSi qriste,<br />

rogorc maT, romelTac sawyisic ar <strong>da</strong>udviaT Tavisi aRmsareblobisa... nuTu su-<br />

liwmi<strong>da</strong> mrCoblad gar<strong>da</strong>modis mxolod ierusalimelebze, xolo Cvenze ar ZaluZs<br />

mosvla?..~<br />

`mauwye me, ufalo, gzaÁ, romelsaca vidode, rameTu Sen<strong>da</strong>mi aRviRe suli Cemi~<br />

(fs. 142. 8).<br />

gamoyenebuli gamoyenebuli literatura<br />

literatura<br />

`mimoslva~, timoTe gabaSvili, <strong>qarTuli</strong> mwerloba, t. 8, Tbilisi, 1990 w.<br />

`mogzauroba wmi<strong>da</strong> qalaqs ierusalimsa <strong>da</strong> wmi<strong>da</strong> aTonis mTazed~, dekanozi petre<br />

konWoSvili, Tbilisi, 1901 w.<br />

`ucxoel piligrimTa cnobebi palestinis qarTveli berebisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>qarTuli</strong><br />

<strong>mona</strong>strebis Sesaxeb~, arqimandriti grigol feraZe, Tbilisi, 1995 w.<br />

`qarTvelebi <strong>da</strong> bibliuri samyaro~, el<strong>da</strong>r mamisTvaliSvili, Tbilisi, 1998 w.<br />

wignSi aseve gamoyenebulia gazeT `mrevlSi" sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva dros <strong>da</strong>beWdili masala.<br />

51

logo

products

Resources

Company

Terms of service
Privacy policy
Cookie policy
Cookie settings
Imprint
Change language
Made with love in Switzerland
© 2024 Yumpu.com all rights reserved

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!