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monacemTa bazebis struqturireba da proeqtireba - Unicef.ge

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modeli “arsi-kavSiri”-s versiebi<br />

modeli “arsi-kavSiri” (Entity-Relationship Model, E-R model) warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns<br />

cnebebisa <strong>da</strong> grafikuli simboloebis erTobliobas konceptualuri sqemis<br />

asa<strong>ge</strong>bad. modeli “arsi-kavSiri” SemoTavazebul iqna piter Ceinis mier 1976<br />

wela. SemdgomSi mox<strong>da</strong> am modelis gafarToeba, ris Sedega<strong>da</strong>c warmoiSva “arsikavSiri”<br />

gafarToebuli modeli (Extended E-R model). dReswdReobiT umTavresad<br />

gamoiyeneba “arsi-kavSiri” gafarToebuli modeli.<br />

miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, rom profesionalTa farTo wris mier gamoiyeneba “arsikavSiri”<br />

gafarToebuli modelis esa Tu is modifikacia, samwuxarod arsebobs<br />

am modelis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva versiebi. erT-erTi versia informaciuli inJineriis<br />

(Information En<strong>ge</strong>nrering, IE) saxeliTaa cnobili, SemuSav<strong>da</strong> jeims martinis mier 1990<br />

wels. Eigi naklebad gamoiyeneba Tanamedrove warmoebaSi.<br />

1993 wels stan<strong>da</strong>rtebisa <strong>da</strong> teqnologiebis erovnuli institutis (National<br />

Institute of Stan<strong>da</strong>rds and Technology) mier gamoqveyn<strong>da</strong> “arsi-kavSiri” modelis versia,<br />

rogorc aSS erovnuli stan<strong>da</strong>rti. am versiam miiRo saxelwodeba IDEF1X, rac<br />

aRniSnavs “Integrated Definition 1, Extended” – “erTiani stan<strong>da</strong>rti, versia 1,<br />

gafarToebuli”. es versia moicavs “arsi-kavSiri” modelis ZiriTad ideas, magram<br />

mis gamosaxatavad gamoiyeneba sxva grafikuli simboloebi. IDEF1X stan<strong>da</strong>rtSi<br />

gaTvaliswinebulia rogorc konceptualuri, aseve Si<strong>da</strong> sqemis SemuSavebis<br />

saSualebebi <strong>da</strong> aseve erTi meored gar<strong>da</strong>qmnis meTodebi.<br />

gar<strong>da</strong> amisa farTo<strong>da</strong>a gavrcelebuli axali obieqturad-orientirebuli<br />

modeli UML (Universal Modeling Lagua<strong>ge</strong>) saxelwodebiT, romelsac aseve safuZvlad<br />

udevs modeli “arsi-kavSiri”, magram amasTan Semoitana sakuTari simboloebi <strong>da</strong><br />

Semoitana obieqrurad-orientirebuli specifikacia.<br />

IDEF1X stan<strong>da</strong>rti<br />

IDEF1X stan<strong>da</strong>rti aris “arsi-kavSiri” modelis modificirebuli modeli,<br />

romelic gamocxad<strong>da</strong> aSS erovnul stan<strong>da</strong>rtad 1993 wels. am modelis<br />

saSualebiT SesaZlebelia konceptualuri <strong>da</strong> Si<strong>da</strong> sqemis SemuSaveba. SemdgonSi<br />

es sqema relizdeba relaciul modelSi.<br />

IDEF1X stan<strong>da</strong>rti aseve moicavs ZiriTad elementebs arsi, kavSiri <strong>da</strong><br />

atributi, magram maTi mniSvneloba aq ufro viwroa <strong>da</strong> maT gansamartad<br />

gamoiyeneba ufro zusti terminologia. gar<strong>da</strong> amisa IDEF1X-Si Semotanilia<br />

domenis (Domain) cneba. Setanilia cvlilebebi grafikul simboloebSic: kerZod<br />

amoRebulia rombi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>matebulia axali simboloebi. cxrilSi 2 mocemulia<br />

gansxvaveba “arsi-kavSiri” gafarToebul modelsa <strong>da</strong> IDEF1X models Soris.<br />

arsi IDEF1X-Si<br />

arsi IDEF1X-Si igivea, rac arsi “arsi-kavSiri” gafarToebul modelSi –<br />

momxmareblis interesebis areSi identificirebuli raime obieqti. grafikulad<br />

arsi aqac gamoisaxebas sworkuTxediT (marTi <strong>da</strong> momrgvalebuli kuTxeebiT),<br />

magram IDEF1X-Si momrgvalebul kuTxeebs sxva mniSvneloba gaaCniaT.<br />

arsebi SesaZloa gamoixatebodes rogorc atributebiT (nax. 9.b.) aseve maT<br />

gareSec (nax. 9.a), an im atributebis miTiTebiT, romlebic warmoad<strong>ge</strong>nen<br />

pirvelad gasaRebebs (nax.9.g). im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac arsi gamoisaxeba<br />

atributebiT, sworkuTxedi iyofa or nawilad. ze<strong>da</strong> nawilSi Tavsdeba<br />

pirveladi gasaRebi, xolo qvemoT sxva atributebi.<br />

1

cxrili 2. cnebaTa SeTanadeba “arsi-kavSiri” gafarToebul modelsa <strong>da</strong> IDEF1X-Si<br />

“arsi-kavSiri”<br />

gafarToebuli modelis<br />

terminebi<br />

IDEF1X modelis<br />

terminebi<br />

arsi arsi erTi<strong>da</strong>igivea<br />

atributi atributi erTi<strong>da</strong>igivea<br />

kavSiri kavSiri erTi<strong>da</strong>igivea<br />

kavSiri 1:1 <strong>da</strong> 1:N<br />

kavSiri N:M<br />

identifikaciurad<strong>da</strong>mokidebuli<br />

kavSirebi<br />

susti, magram<br />

identifikaciurad<strong>da</strong>mokidebuli<br />

kavSirebi<br />

mikuTvnebis<br />

araidentificirebuli<br />

kavSirebi<br />

araspecifiuri kavSirebi<br />

mikuTvnebis<br />

identificirebuli<br />

kavSirebi<br />

-<br />

SeniSvna<br />

mikuTvnebis kavSirebi es<br />

igivea rac “aqvs” tipis<br />

kavSiri<br />

zetipis arsi warmomSibi arsi warmomSobi arss gaaCnia<br />

“aris” tipis kavSiri<br />

kategorialuri<br />

klasteriT<br />

qvetipis arsi arsi-kategoria arsi-kategoria,<br />

miekuTneba erT-erT<br />

kategorialur klasters,<br />

romelic warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns<br />

urTierTgamonricxavs<br />

- domeni<br />

winswrebiT aRvniSnoT, rom relaciur modelSi kavSiri or cxrils Soris<br />

xorcieldeba erTis gasaRebis meoreSi CasmiT. meore cxrilTan mimarTebaSi<br />

aseTi gasaRebi warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns gare gasaRebs (Foreigh Key). gare gasaRebis Seqmnis<br />

wesis, regulirebis <strong>da</strong> ganTavsebis sakiTxi ganekuTvneba <strong>monacemTa</strong> bazis<br />

<strong>proeqtireba</strong>s. Ees gasaRebebi warmoad<strong>ge</strong>nen Si<strong>da</strong> sqemis nawils.<br />

radgan IDEF1X stan<strong>da</strong>rti SesaZloa gamoiyenebodes, rogrc<br />

konceptualuri aseve Si<strong>da</strong> modelis Sesaqmnelad, is saSualebas iZleva<br />

gamovsaxoT sqemaze gare gasaRebebi.<br />

kavSiri IDEF1X-Si<br />

IDEF1X stan<strong>da</strong>rtiSi ganixileba oTxi tipis kavSiri:<br />

mikuTvnebis araidentificirebadi kavSirebi;<br />

mikuTvnebis identificirebadi kavSirebi;<br />

araspecifiuri kavSirebi;<br />

kategorialuri kavSirebi.<br />

2

studenti<br />

a. arsi atributis gareSe<br />

studenti<br />

studentis nomeri<br />

gvari<br />

saxeli<br />

misamarTi<br />

<strong>da</strong>badebis TariRi<br />

b. arsi atributebiT<br />

studenti<br />

studentis nomeri<br />

g. arsi pirveladi gasaRebis miTiTebiT<br />

nax. 9. arsis gamosaxvis variantebi IDEF1X stan<strong>da</strong>rtSi.<br />

mikuTvnebis araidentificirebadi kavSirebi<br />

mikuTvnebis araidentificirebadi kavSirebi (non-identifying connection<br />

relationships) – es aris 1:1 <strong>da</strong> 1:N tipis kavSiri or identifikatorulad<strong>da</strong>moukidebel<br />

arsebs Soris. mikuTvnebis kavSiri (connection relationship) – es igivea<br />

rac “aqvs” tipis kavSiri “arsi-kavSiri” gafarToebul modelSi.<br />

am stan<strong>da</strong>rtis Sesabamisad, araidentificirebadi kavSirebi gamoisaxeba<br />

wyvetili xazebiT. gar<strong>da</strong> amisa, mikuTvnebis kavSiri IDEF1X –Si yovelTvis<br />

ixateba mimarTulebiT “warmomSobi<strong>da</strong>n” “STamomavlisken” (cxr.3). 1:N kavSiris<br />

SemTxvevaSi warmomSobs warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns 1-is mxares mdgomi arsi. “STamomavlis”<br />

mxares wyvetili xazis bolos ganaTavseben Seferadebul wres. gaCumebis<br />

principiT araidentificerebad kavSirs gaaCnia kardinaloba “erTi bevrTan”<br />

aucilebeli “warmomSobiT” (minimaluri kardinaluri ricxvi tolia 1-is) <strong>da</strong><br />

araaucilebeli “STamomavliT” (minimaluri kardinaluri ricxvi tolia 0-is).<br />

aseTi kavSiri gamoisaxeba wyvetili xaziT “STamomavlis” mxares Seferadebuli<br />

wriT raime miTiTebebis gareSe. magram gvxvdeba SemTxveva, rodesac kavSiris<br />

kardinaloba gansxvavdeba gaCumebis principiT gansazRvrulisagan, am<br />

SemTxvevaSi gamoiyeneba <strong>da</strong>matebiTi aRniSvnebi. Tu “STamomavlis” arseboba<br />

aucilebelia wris gverdiT xazis Sesabamis mxares ganaTavseben P (Positive)<br />

3

simbolos. Tu “warmomSobis” arseboba ar aris aucilebeli, maSin xazis<br />

“warmomSobis” mxares <strong>da</strong>ismis rombi.<br />

1:1 kavSiri ganixileba rogorc 1:N kavSiris kerZo SemTxveva, amitom igi<br />

gamoisaxeba 1:N kavSiris analogiurad, STamomavlis mxares gansxvavebuli<br />

simboloebiT. Tu STamomavlis mxares minimaluri kardinaluri ricxvi erTis<br />

toria <strong>da</strong>ismis “1”, xolo Tu nulis toili – “Z”. 1:1 kavSiris SemTxvevaSi<br />

nebismier ars SeuZlia iyos “warmomSobi”, magram aucilebelia erTis amorCeva.<br />

Sesabamisad arsebobs erTi<strong>da</strong>igive kavSiris gamosaxvis ori variant, romelic<br />

Sinaarsobrivad identuri iqneba.<br />

cxrili 3.<br />

mikuTvnebis araidentificirebadi kavSiris aRniSvnebi IDEF1X<br />

stan<strong>da</strong>rtSi .<br />

kavSiri “arsi-kavSiri” gafarToebul<br />

modelSi<br />

kavSiri IDEF1X stan<strong>da</strong>rtsi<br />

4

–Si.<br />

sicxadisaTvis ganvixiloT nax.3. moyvanili sqema. gamovsaxoT isini IDEF1X<br />

nax.3.a–ze kavSiri “kavSiri” aris 1:1 tipis. yvela fakultets aucilebelad<br />

hyavs dekani, mgram yvela TanamSromeli ar aris fakultetis dekani. IDEF1X –Si<br />

am sqemas eqneba nax. 10. a-zeA gamosaxuli saxe. imis gamo rom “warmomSobi”<br />

SeiZleba iyos am ori arsi<strong>da</strong>n nebismieri, es kavSiri SeiZleba gamoisaxos ori<br />

gansxvavebuli, magram Sinaarsobrivad identuri formiT.<br />

nax.3.b –ze kavSiri “ZiriTadi TanamSromeli” aris 1:N tipis. yvela<br />

fakultets aucilebelad hyavs ZiriTadi TanamSromeli (an TanamSromlebi),<br />

mgram yvela TanamSromeli SeiZleba ar iyos fakultetis ZiriTadi<br />

TanamSromeli.<br />

dekani<br />

fakulteti<br />

1:1<br />

TanamSromel<br />

i<br />

fakulteti<br />

fakulteti<br />

Z<br />

1<br />

TanamSromel<br />

i<br />

TanamSromel<br />

i<br />

a. kavSiri “dekani”<br />

fakulteti<br />

1:N<br />

ZiriTadi<br />

TanamSromeli<br />

di<br />

TanamSromel<br />

i<br />

fakulteti<br />

P<br />

TanamSromel<br />

i<br />

b. kavSiri “ZiriTadi TanamSromeli”<br />

nax. 10. kavSiris sqematuri warmod<strong>ge</strong>na IDEF1X –Si<br />

5

mikuTvnebis identificirebadi kavSirebi<br />

mikuTvnebis identificirebadi kavSirebi (identifying connection relationships) – es igivea<br />

rac identifikatorulad-<strong>da</strong>mokidebuli kavSiri “arsi-kavSiri” gafarToebul<br />

modelSi. “warmomSobis” identifikatori yovelTvis warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns “STamomavlis”<br />

identifikatoris nawils. identificirebadi kavSirebi gamoisaxeba uwyveti<br />

xaziT, xolo arsi -“STamomavali” gamoisaxeba momrgvalebulkuTxiani<br />

sworkuTxediT (nax.11). kavSirSi “Senoba-ofisi” Senoba warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns warmomSobs<br />

inedtificirebulad <strong>da</strong>mokidebul kaSirSi “ofisTan”. arsis Senoba<br />

identifikatori Senobis nomeri warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns arsis ofisi identifikatoris<br />

nawils. aRniSvna gg miuTiTebs, rom mocemuli atributi warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns am arsis<br />

gare gasaRebs. yvela <strong>da</strong>matebiTi aRniSvna, romelic ganvixileT mikuTvnebis<br />

araidentificirebadi kavSirebis SemTxvevaSi ZalaSia. moyvanil magaliTSi<br />

<strong>da</strong>matebiTi aRniSvnebi ar gvaqvs. es miuTiTebs im faqtze, rom SenobaSi<br />

SesaZlebelia iyos, nuli, erTi an bevri ofisi.<br />

Senoba<br />

Senobis nomeri<br />

farTi<br />

sarTulebis raodenoba<br />

ofisebis raodenoba<br />

ofisi<br />

Senobis nomeri (gg)<br />

ofisis nomeri<br />

<strong>da</strong>mqiravebeli<br />

organizacia<br />

ofisis menejeri<br />

telefoni<br />

nax.11. mikuTvnebis identificirebadi kavSiri<br />

arsebobs mniSvnelovani gansxvaveba “arsi-kavSiris” sust arsebsa <strong>da</strong><br />

identificirebad kavSirebs Soris IDEF1X modelSi. rogorc aRvniSneT, susti<br />

arsi es iseTi arsia, romelic logikurad <strong>da</strong>kavSirebulia sxva arsTan. es<br />

SesaZloa iyos, rogorc identifikatorulad <strong>da</strong>mokidebuli arsi, aseve arsi,<br />

romelsac sakuTari identifikatori gaaCnia: mTavaria, rom isini logikurad<br />

<strong>da</strong>mokidebulni iyvnen saxva arsebze. ase magaliTad: ganvixiloT kavSiri<br />

“studenti_studenturi TviTmmarTvelobis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>neli” (nax.12). arsi<br />

“studenturi TviTmmarTvelobis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>neli” warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns sust arss,<br />

magram mas gaaCnia sakuTari identifikatori, gansxvavebuli studentis<br />

identifikatorisagan.<br />

Tumca IDEF1X stan<strong>da</strong>rtSi <strong>da</strong>Svebulia susti arsebi, romlebic ar arian<br />

identificirebulad <strong>da</strong>mokidebulni, maTTvis ar gaiTvaliswineba raime<br />

specialuri aRniSvnebi. minimaluri kardinaluri ricxvi “warmomSobi”<br />

arsisaTvis am SemTxvevaSi 1-is tolia, magram raime sxva specifiuri xerxi am<br />

faqtis <strong>da</strong>safiqsireblad ar arsebobs.<br />

gafarToebul “arsi-kavSiri” modelSi momrgvalebuli kuTxeebiT<br />

aRiniSneba susti arsebi, romlebic SesaZloa iyvnen, rogorc<br />

identificirebulad <strong>da</strong>mokidebulni, aseve logikurad <strong>da</strong>mokidebulni. IDEF1X<br />

stan<strong>da</strong>rtSi momrgvalebuli kuTxeebiT aRiniSneba mxolod identificirebulad<br />

<strong>da</strong>mokidebuli arsebi, xolo araidentificirebulad <strong>da</strong>mokidebuli arsebis<br />

gamosaxatavad raime xerxi ar arsebobs.<br />

6

studenti<br />

1:N<br />

studenturi<br />

TviTmmarTvelobis<br />

warmomad<strong>ge</strong>neli<br />

identifikatori:<br />

man<strong>da</strong>tis nomeri<br />

Senoba<br />

Senobis nomeri<br />

farTi<br />

sarTulebis raodenoba<br />

ofisebis raodenoba<br />

ofisi<br />

Senobis nomeri (gg)<br />

ofisis nomeri<br />

<strong>da</strong>mqiravebeli<br />

organizacia<br />

ofisis menejeri<br />

telefoni<br />

nax. 12. susti arsi <strong>da</strong> kavSiri<br />

araspecifiuri kavSirebi<br />

araspecifiur kavSiris (non-specific relationship) qveS IDEF1X stan<strong>da</strong>rtSi<br />

igulisxmeba kavSiri “bevri-bevrTan”. araspecifiuri kavSiri diagramaze<br />

aRiniSneba uwyveti xaziT boloebSi Seferadebuli wreebiT. (nax. 13). IDEF1X<br />

stan<strong>da</strong>rtSi ar gaiTvaliswineba minimaluri kardinaluri ricxvis miTiTeba<br />

araspecifiuri kavSirebisaTvis.<br />

IDEF1X stan<strong>da</strong>rti am kavSirs epyroba “zereled”. amis mizezad miiCneva<br />

is, rom kavSiri “bevri-bevrTan” relaciur terminebSi pir<strong>da</strong>pir ar gamosaxeba –<br />

is jer un<strong>da</strong> gar<strong>da</strong>iqmnes “erTi-bevrTan” kavSirebad.<br />

სტუდენტი<br />

პირადი ნომერი<br />

სახელი<br />

გვარი<br />

ტელეფონი<br />

. . .<br />

საგანი<br />

საგნის კოდიერი<br />

დასახელება<br />

სპეციალობა<br />

. . .<br />

nax. 13 araspecifiuri kavSiri<br />

ზღაპარი: უნივერსიტეტის საქმიანობის საწყის ეტაპზე, ჩვენთვის საკმარისი იყო გვქონოდა<br />

ინფორმაცია ცალკე საგნების (დასახელება, დარგი, მოცულობა კრედიტი/საათი, სწავლების საფეხური)<br />

და პედაგოგის (ძირიტადი მონაცემები) შესახებ. და შესაბამისა გვქონოდა საშუალება გვცოდნოდა<br />

რომელი საგნის წაკითხვა რომელ პედაგოგს შეეძლო. შემდგომში აღმოჩნდა, რო ეს საკმარისი არაა -<br />

საჭირო იყო გვცოდნოდა რომელმა პედაგოგმა, რომელ სასწავლო წელს და რომელ სემესტრში<br />

წაიკითხა ეს საგანი.<br />

miiCneva, rom bunebaSi “bevri-bevrTan” kavSiri ar arsebobs. maTi<br />

moCvenebiTi arseboba ganpirobebulia konceptualuri modelirebis safexurze<br />

7

gamotovebuli raRac obieqtebiT, romlebic TiTqos masSi ar udna iRebdnen<br />

monawileobas. <strong>da</strong>vubrondeT Cvens “zRapars” <strong>da</strong> ganvixiloT kavSiri arsebs<br />

Soris TanamSromeli – sagani (nax. 14. a). TanamSromelTa ricxvSi Sedian<br />

pe<strong>da</strong>go<strong>ge</strong>bi <strong>da</strong> universitetisaTvis sasurvelia cnobili iyos aramarto is, Tu<br />

romel pe<strong>da</strong>gogs romeli sagnis wakiTxva SeuZlia, aramed isic, Tu rodis<br />

aswavlis. am SemTxvevaSi SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom raRac arsi gvaklia. Tu Cevns<br />

modelSi CavamatebT arss <strong>da</strong>tvirTva (nax. 14.b) Cveni N:M kavSiri <strong>da</strong>iSleba 1: N<br />

tipis or kavSirad. arsis <strong>da</strong>tvirTva pirveladi gasaRebi iqneba arsebis<br />

gasaRebebis TanamSromeli <strong>da</strong> sagani kombinacia.<br />

ganvixiloT kavSiri studenti <strong>da</strong> sagani (nax.13). erTi SexedviT eWvs ar<br />

iwvevs is faqti, rom es kavSiri aris N:M tipis, radgan erTi studenti swavlobs<br />

bevr sagans, xolo erTi sagani SeiZleba Seiswavlos bevrma studentma. magram<br />

umTavresad Cven gvainteresebs <strong>da</strong>matebiTi informacia am or arss arsebuli<br />

kavSiris Sesaxeb (gaixseneT kavSiris SesaZlo atributebi “arsi-kavSiri”<br />

modelSi), magaliTad Sefaseba. Tu <strong>da</strong>vamatebT nax.13-ze warmod<strong>ge</strong>nil models<br />

kidev erT arss Sefaseba, kavSiri N:M warmod<strong>ge</strong>ba rogorc ori 1:N tipis<br />

kavSiri studenti- Sefaseba <strong>da</strong> sagani- Sefaseba.<br />

ganxilul magaliTSi arsis Sefaseba <strong>da</strong>mateba logikurad gveCveneba,<br />

magram aris SemTxveva, rodesac or arss Soris aris mimarTeba N:M tipis <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong>matebiTi arsis Semotana xelovnurad gamoiyureba. magaliTad kavSiri arsebs<br />

Soris studenti-momRerali, romelic aRniSnavs, Tu romel students romeli<br />

momRerali moswons. Znelia moifiqro <strong>da</strong>matebiTi informacia roemlmac<br />

SeiZleba migviyvanos sxva <strong>da</strong>matebiTi (SemaerTebeli) arsis Seqmnamde.<br />

თანამშრომელი<br />

პირადი ნომერი<br />

სახელი<br />

გვარი<br />

ტელეფონი<br />

. . .<br />

საგანი<br />

საგნის კოდიერი<br />

დასახელება<br />

სპეციალობა<br />

. . .<br />

ა<br />

თანამშრომელი<br />

პირადი ნომერი<br />

სახელი<br />

გვარი<br />

ტელეფონი<br />

. . .<br />

საგანი<br />

საგნის კოდიერი<br />

დასახელება<br />

სპეციალობა<br />

. . .<br />

დატვირთვა<br />

პირადი ნომერი<br />

საგნის კოდიერი<br />

სასწავლო წელი<br />

სემესტრი<br />

ბ<br />

nax.14. araspecifiuri kavSirebi: a. modeli kavSiriT N:M, b. modeli<br />

gamotovrbuli arsiT<br />

8

kategorialuri kavSirebi<br />

kategirualuri kavSirebi (categorization relationships) warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns<br />

ganzogadeba/qvetipi kavSiris kerZo SemTxvevas gafarToebul modelSi “arsikavSiri”.<br />

kategorialuri kavSiri es aris kavSiri warmomSob arssa (<strong>ge</strong>neric entity)<br />

<strong>da</strong> sxva arsi-kategoriad (category entity) wodebul arsebs Soris. arsebikategoriebi<br />

jgufdebian kategorialur klasterebad (categorization clusters).<br />

magaliTad nax. 15 arsi TanamSromeli warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns warmomSob arss, xolo<br />

arsebi akademiuri personali <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mxmare personali warmoad<strong>ge</strong>nen arsebskategoria,<br />

xolo kategorialuri klasteri, romelic gamosaxulia writ ori<br />

horizontaluri xazis Tavze, Tavis TavSi aerTianebs arsebs akademiuri<br />

personali <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mxmare personali.<br />

kategorialuri kavSiri es “aris” tipis kavSiria. mag. akademiuri<br />

personali aris TanamSromeli. Sesabamisad, rogorc gansazRvrulia aseTi<br />

tipis kavSirrebisaTvis, arsi-kategoriis pirvelad gasaRebs warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns<br />

warmomSobi arsis kategorialuri gasaRebi. Cvens magaliTSi akademiuri<br />

personali <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mxmare personali arsebis pirvelad gasaRebs warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns<br />

atributi piradi nomeri. amis gamo arsi-kategoria naxazze gamoisaxeba<br />

pirveladi gasaRebis gareSe.<br />

IDEF1X stan<strong>da</strong>rtSi kategorialur klasterSi KSemavali arsebi,<br />

warmoad<strong>ge</strong>nen urTierTgamomricxavs. Cvens magaliTSi TanamSromeli<br />

SessaZlebelia iyos an akademiur personali an <strong>da</strong>mxmare personali.<br />

TanamSromeli erTdroulad or Tanamdebobaze ver iqneba.<br />

kategorialur klasters SesaZloa hqondes diskriminatori (Discriminator) –<br />

warmoqmneli arsis atributi, romelic miuTiTebs qvetize. nax. 15-ze<br />

diskiminators warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns atributi Tanamdebobis kodi. amgvarad, am atributis<br />

mniSvnelobiT SesaZloa ganisazRvros Tu ra Tanamdebobas ikavebs<br />

TanamSromeli. zogierT kategorialur klasters ar gaaCnia diskriminatori, <strong>da</strong><br />

konkretuli klasteri-kategoria maTSi rCeba ganuzRvreli.<br />

arsebobs ori tipis kategorialuri klasterebi: sruli <strong>da</strong> arasruli.<br />

srul kategorialur klasterSi (complete category claster) naCvenebia am klasteris<br />

yvela SesaZlo kategoria. sruli kategorialuri klasteri aRiniSneba ori<br />

horizontaluri xaziT. nax.15-ze gamosaxuli kategorialuri klasteri<br />

warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns sruls.<br />

yvela arsi-kategoria arsebobiT <strong>da</strong>mokidebulni arian warmomSob arsze,<br />

amitom minimaluri kardinaluri ricxvi warmomSobi arsis mxri<strong>da</strong>n erTis<br />

toilia. radgan es msjeloba samarTliania yvela SemTxvevaSi, mocemuli<br />

kardinaluri ricxvi diagramaze ar aRiniSneba.<br />

IDEF1X stan<strong>da</strong>rtis Sesabamisad, arsi kategoriis mxares kardinaluri<br />

ricxvi yovelTvis tolia 1 an 0. warmomSobi arsis klasteris simbolosTan<br />

SemaerTebeli xazis gaswvriv ganTavsebuli Z indeqsi miuTiTebs, rom ar aris<br />

savaldebulo warmomSob arss gaaCndes kategoriebi. klasteris simbolos arsikategoriiis<br />

SemaerTebeli xazis gaswvriv ganTavsebuli Z indeqsi miuTiTebs,<br />

warmomSob arss SeuZlia, magram ar aris valdebuli miekuTvnebodes mocemul<br />

tips.<br />

praqtikaSi gvxvdeba arasruli klasterebic, ris aRsaniSna<strong>da</strong>c diagramaze<br />

nacvlad ori horizontaluri xazisa erTi xazi (nax. 16). es niSnavs, rom<br />

modelSi klasters, sul mcire, erTi kategoria mainc aklia.<br />

9

TanamSromeli<br />

piradi nomeri<br />

saxeli, gvari<br />

telefoni<br />

Tanamdebobis kodi<br />

Z<br />

Tanamdebobis kodi<br />

Z<br />

akademiuri personali<br />

Z<br />

<strong>da</strong>mxmare personali<br />

akademiuri Tanamdeboba<br />

samecniero <strong>da</strong>rgi<br />

samecniero xarisxi<br />

Tanamdeboba<br />

kvalifikacia<br />

nax. 15 kategorialuri kavSiri<br />

TanamSromeli<br />

piradi nomeri<br />

saxeli, gvari<br />

telefoni<br />

Tanamdebobis kodi<br />

Z<br />

Tanamdebobis kodi<br />

Z<br />

administracia<br />

Z<br />

droebiTi<br />

TanamSromeli<br />

Tanamdeboba<br />

departamenti<br />

…… . . .<br />

Tanamdeboba<br />

kvalifikacia<br />

nax. 16 arasruli kategorialuri kavSiri<br />

10

kavSirebis saxelebi<br />

IDEF1X stan<strong>da</strong>rtSi yvela kavSirs, gar<strong>da</strong> kategorialurisa, SesaZloa hqondeT<br />

saxeli. Cveulebriv kavSiris saxeli Sed<strong>ge</strong>ba sami nawilisagan: zmna an zmnuri<br />

sityvaTwyoba, romelic aRwers kavSiris sagans warmomSobis TvalsazrisiT,<br />

<strong>da</strong>xrili xazi <strong>da</strong> analogiuri zmna an zmnuri sityvaTwyoba STamomavlis<br />

TvalsazrisiT (N:M kavSirSi warmomSobi SesaZloa iyos nebismieri am orTagan).<br />

nax.10–ze moyvanili magaliTi: TanamSromeli fakultetis dekania,<br />

TanamSromeli muSaobs fakultetze. rogorc wesi zmnuri sityvaTwyoba,<br />

romelic aRwers kavSiris sagans STamomavlis TvalTaxedviT, warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns zmnis<br />

vnebiT formas. im SemTxvevaSi Tu amas mivyavarT gaumarTav sityvaTwyobasTan<br />

<strong>da</strong>saSvebis sxva zmnebis gamoyeneba. Sablonis ganmeorebadobis gamo, kavSirebis<br />

saxelebi xSirad ganWvretadi <strong>da</strong> ara informatiulia, magram sasar<strong>ge</strong>bloa<br />

rodesac kavSiri or arss Soris aracxadi <strong>da</strong> mravalmniSvnelovania (Sinaarsis<br />

TvalsazrisiT).<br />

wigni<br />

wignis kodi<br />

<strong>da</strong>saxeleba<br />

avtori<br />

gamomcemloba<br />

iyideba/iyi<strong>da</strong><br />

Cabar<strong>da</strong>/sTavazobs<br />

klienti<br />

piradi nomeri<br />

gvari<br />

saxeli<br />

misamarTi<br />

<strong>da</strong>badebis TariRi<br />

nax.17 kavSiris saxelebi<br />

kavSirebis saxelebis unikaluroba moiTxoveba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu<br />

or arss Soris arsebobs sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva Sinaarsis kavSirebi. nax.17.<br />

domenebi<br />

IDEF1X stan<strong>da</strong>rtma gaafarTova “arsi-kavSiri” modeli domenis cnebiT.<br />

domeni (domain) – es aris im mniSvnelobebis saxeldebuli nakrebi, romelic<br />

SesaZloa miiRon atrebutebma. domeni SesaZloa iyos fiqsirebul mniSvnelobaTa<br />

sia, an ufro zoga<strong>da</strong>d warmod<strong>ge</strong>nili aRwera. magaliTad fakultetebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>sexelebis domenis aRwera warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns fakultetebis sias. am domenis<br />

gansazRvra warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns fakultetebis <strong>da</strong>saxelebebis CamonaTvals:<br />

{zusti <strong>da</strong> sabunebismetyvelo mecnierebebi, humanitaruli mecnierebebi,<br />

socialuri <strong>da</strong> politikuri mecnierebebi, ekonomika <strong>da</strong> biznesi, samedicino,<br />

iuridiuli}.<br />

meore tipis domenis magaliTs warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns domenis studentis gvari,<br />

romelic SesaZloa ganisazRvros, rogorc 30 simboloiani striqoni.<br />

domenebi mniSvnelovani <strong>da</strong> sasar<strong>ge</strong>bloa. magaliTad arss programisti <strong>da</strong><br />

arss teqnikuri personali gaaCnia atributi ena. domenis gamoyenebis gareSe<br />

gaurkvevelia ra igulisxmeba mis qveS – <strong>da</strong>programebis ena (romelic<br />

mniSvnelovania programistisaTvis), Tu metyvelebis ena. TiToeul SemTxvevaSi<br />

un<strong>da</strong> moxdes domenis <strong>da</strong>zusteba. domeni <strong>da</strong>programebis ena moicavs<br />

mniSvnelobebs {C#, C++, Java, VB}, xolo domeni metyvelebis ena {qarTuli,<br />

rusuli, inglisuri, <strong>ge</strong>rmanuli, franguli, espanuri}.<br />

11

gar<strong>da</strong> zemoaRniSnulisa domeni aRmofxvris araerTmniSvnelovnebas im<br />

atributebs Soris, romlebic aRniSnaven gansxvavebul sagnebs, magram msgavsi<br />

mniSvnelobebiT. magaliTad arsSi personali atributis Svebulebis dReebi<br />

maqsimaluri mniSvnelobaa 30 dRe. <strong>da</strong>vuSvaT, rom arsSi programisti atributis<br />

samuSao gamocdileba maqsimaluri mniSvnelobaa 30 weli. orive atributi iRebs<br />

mniSvnelobas 0-30 diapazonSi. domenis miTiTebis gareSe SeuZlebelia gairkves<br />

Tu ra sididesTan gvaqvs saqme.<br />

domenebi sasar<strong>ge</strong>bloa praqtikuli TvalsazrisiTac. <strong>da</strong>vuSvaT<br />

sauniversiteto <strong>monacemTa</strong> bazaSi gvaqvs artibuti specialobis kodi, roemlic<br />

gamoiyeneba araerT arsSi. es SesaZloa iyos, studenti, pe<strong>da</strong>gogi, fakulteti<br />

<strong>da</strong> a.S. <strong>da</strong>vuSvaT rom yvela es atributi ganekuTvneba erTdomens specialobis<br />

kodi, romelsac aqvs saxe FFF-SSS, FFF – fakultetebis kodebia, xolo - SSS –<br />

specialobis kidebi. maSin yvela atributs un<strong>da</strong> hqondes aseTi saxe.<br />

<strong>da</strong>vuSvaT Cven aRmovaCineT, rom romeliRac specialobas aqvs oTxniSna<br />

kodi. rom ar gvqondes domeni Cven mogviwev<strong>da</strong> yvela samniSna kodis oTxniSnaze<br />

Secvla. xolo maSin, rodesac gvaqvs domeni, Cven vcvliT mxolod domenis<br />

ganmartebas.<br />

gar<strong>da</strong> amisa domenis saSualebiT SesaZloa ganisazRvros iseTi<br />

gansxvavebuli saxelis mqone atributebis arseboba, romlebic Sinaarsobrivad<br />

aRniSnaven erTi<strong>da</strong>igives. magaliTad sauneversiteto studentur bazaSi<br />

saidentifikacio kodi saswavlo baraTSi <strong>da</strong> piradi nomeri studentis anketaSi.<br />

IDEF1X stan<strong>da</strong>rtSi ganimarteba ori tipis domenebi: sabazo domeni<br />

(base domain) <strong>da</strong> tipuri domeni (type domain).<br />

sabazo domeni - es aris domeni, romesac miniWebuli aqvs monacemebis<br />

tipebi <strong>da</strong>, SesaZloa, mniSvnelobebis CamonaTvali an gansazRRvrulia diapazoni.<br />

monacemebis stan<strong>da</strong>rtul tipebs warmoad<strong>ge</strong>nen simboluri tipi (Character),<br />

ricxviTi tipi (Nunerical), logikuri (Boolean). domenebis specifikaciaSi SesaZloa<br />

gamoiyenebodes <strong>da</strong>matebiTi tipis monace,ebi, iseTebi rogoriciaa TariRi (Data),<br />

dro (Time), valuta (Currency) <strong>da</strong> a.S..<br />

tipuri domeni warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns sabazo domenebis an sxva tipuri domenebis<br />

qvesimravles. nax.18 warmod<strong>ge</strong>nilia tipuri domeni, romelic warmoagdens<br />

domenze mecnierebis <strong>da</strong>r<strong>ge</strong>bi <strong>da</strong>fuZnebul domenebs.<br />

domeni<br />

mecnierebaTa<br />

<strong>da</strong>r<strong>ge</strong>bi<br />

fizika, qimia, biologia,<br />

maTematika, <strong>ge</strong>ografia,<br />

<strong>ge</strong>ologia, kompiuteruli<br />

mecniereba, ekologia, medicina,<br />

sociologia, filosofia,<br />

fsiqologia, sainformacio<br />

teqnologiebi<br />

biologia,<br />

medicina<br />

domeni<br />

sicocxlis<br />

Semswavleli<br />

mecnierebebi<br />

<strong>ge</strong>ografia,<br />

<strong>ge</strong>ologia,<br />

ekologia<br />

domeni<br />

de<strong>da</strong>miwis<br />

Semswavleli<br />

mecnierebebi<br />

kompiuteruli<br />

mecniereba,<br />

sainformacio<br />

teqnologiebi<br />

domeni<br />

kompiuteruli<br />

mecnierebebi<br />

nax.18 tipuri domeni<br />

12

IDEF1X stan<strong>da</strong>rti <strong>da</strong> <strong>monacemTa</strong> modelirebis saSualebebi<br />

arsebobs mTeli rigi programuli produqtebisa, romlebic gankuTvnilni arian<br />

<strong>monacemTa</strong> modelirebisaTvia:<br />

CA ERwin® Data Model Vali<strong>da</strong>tor r7.2 Evaluation Software<br />

– Computer Assosiates (www.ca.com)<br />

Visio - Microsoft (www.microsoft.com)<br />

Desin<strong>ge</strong>r/2000 – www.oracle.com<br />

13

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