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londa esaZe<br />

gaeros bavSvTa fondis konsultanti<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> <strong>trefikingis</strong> <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong><br />

samarTlebrivi aspeqtebi:<br />

saerTaSoriso standartebi da saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba<br />

Tbilisi<br />

2006<br />

1

sarCevi<br />

I. <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> <strong>trefikingis</strong> specifika<br />

I.1. <strong>trefikingis</strong> industria<br />

I.2. saqarTvelo <strong>trefikingis</strong> globalur ruqaze: saerTaSoriso Sefasebebi<br />

I.3. <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> <strong>trefikingis</strong> xelSemwyobi faqtorebi da definiciis<br />

sakiTxi<br />

I.4. vin aris momxmarebeli? - seqsualuri eqspluatatoris profili<br />

I.5. seqsualur kavSirze Tanxmobis minimaluri iuridiuli asaki<br />

I.6. bavSvTa prostitucia, pornografia da seqs-turizmi <strong>trefikingis</strong><br />

konteqstSi<br />

II. saerTaSoriso standartebi da saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba<br />

II.1. gaeros daarsebamde miRebuli konvenciebi<br />

II..2. gaeros ZiriTadi standartebi<br />

II.3. Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis konvenciebi da bavSvTa Sroma<br />

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT<br />

II.4. msoflio turistuli organizacia<br />

II.5. ltolvilTa da saerTaSoriso humanitaruli samarTali<br />

II.6. regionaluri samarTlebrivi meqanizmebi<br />

II.7. msoflio kongresi bavSvTa komerciuli seqsualuri eqspluataciis<br />

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>: stokholmis da iokohamas deklaraciebi<br />

II.8. gaeros 2000 wlis bavSvis uflebaTa konvenciis fakultaturi oqmi<br />

bavSviT vaWrobis, bavSvTa prostituciisa da bavSvTa pornografiis<br />

Sesaxeb da misi SedarebiTi analizi saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobasTan<br />

II.9. transnacionaluri organizebuli danaSaulis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> gaeros<br />

konvenciis oqmi (2000) adamianebis, gansakuTrebiT qalebisa da bavSvebis<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> Tavidan acilebis, aRkveTisa da dasjis Sesaxeb<br />

II.10. evropis sabWos rekomendaciebi<br />

II.11. evropuli konvencia adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong><br />

<strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb da misi SedarebiTi analizi saqarTvelos<br />

kanonmdeblobasTan<br />

II.12. saqarTvelos kanoni adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong><br />

II.13. saqarTvelos kanonis “adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>”<br />

Tanmdevi sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi<br />

II.14. kanonqvemdebare normatiuli aqtebi<br />

II.15. ZiriTadi rekomendaciebi kanonmdeblobis srulyofis mizniT.<br />

publikaciaSi gamoxatuli mosazrebani sruliad araa aucilebeli<br />

asaxavdes gaeros bavSvTa fondis oficialur Tvalsazriss.<br />

2

I. <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> <strong>trefikingis</strong> specifika<br />

I.1. adamianTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> industria<br />

gaeros monacemebiT 1990-iani wlebis dasawyisSi adamianTa trefikingidan<br />

miRebuli ikanono Semosavlebi saSualod mxolod 1,5-2 milion dolars<br />

utoldeboda weliwadSi. axla es cifri 9,5 miliard dolars Sead<strong>ge</strong>ns,<br />

rac <strong>trefikingis</strong> industrias Semosavlianobis mixedviT mesame adgilze<br />

ayenebs iaraRisa da narkotikebiT vaWrobis Semdeg.<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> biznesi dakavSirebulia agreTve im SemosavlebTan, romelic<br />

turizmisa da garTobis industriis globaluri eqspansiis Sedegad<br />

warmoiqmneba.<br />

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis bolodroindeli angariSiT<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplTa ricxvi weliwadSi saSualod 2,4 milion adamians<br />

Sead<strong>ge</strong>ns. amJamad 12,3 milioni adamiani ZaldatanebiT monur Sromas eweva,<br />

bavSvTa Sromis CaTvliT. aSS saxelmwifo departamenti varaudobs, rom<br />

msxverplTa Soris qalTa 80% da bavSvTa 50% kontraqtiT<br />

gaTvaliswinebul monur SromaSi arian Cabmulni.<br />

daniSnulebis qveynebs ZiriTadad dasavleT evropisa da CrdiloeT<br />

amerikis saxelmwifoebi warmoad<strong>ge</strong>nen. saboloo jamSi qalTa da bavSvTa<br />

trefikings maTi seqsualuri eqspluataciis mizniT Crdilovani<br />

ekonomikisaTvis wliurad 7 miliardi aSS dolaris odenobis mo<strong>ge</strong>ba<br />

moaqvs.<br />

euTo-s monacemebiT <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplTa umravlesoba 25 wlamde<br />

asakisaa, romelTaganac TiTqmis erT meoTxeds 15-dan 18 wlamde gogonebi<br />

Sead<strong>ge</strong>nen.<br />

adamianTa trefikingi imdenad mravalwaxnagovani problemaa, rom<br />

SeuZlebelia misi mizez-Sedegobrivi aspeqtebis kvleva mxolod erTi<br />

dargis specialistebis mier da saerTaSoriso doneze kompleqsur<br />

Seswavlas moiTxovs. socialur-ekonomikuri faqtorebis garda,<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> fenomeni moicavs migraciisa da <strong>ge</strong>nderul sakiTxebs,<br />

sakanonmdeblo da samarTaldamcav RonisZiebebsa da adamianis uflebaTa<br />

dacvis problemas.<br />

3

xSirad adamianTa trefikinis problemas aralegaluri migraciis<br />

konteqstSi ganixilaven. amitom mniSvnelovania aRiniSnos, rom<br />

adamianebiT ukanono vaWroba unda ganvasxvavoT migrantebis<br />

kontrabanduli gziT gadayvanisagan. am ukanasknelTan dakavSirebiT<br />

arsebobs gaero-s transnacionaluri organizebuli danaSaulis<br />

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> konvenciis damoukidebeli oqmi (gaero-s transnacionaluri<br />

organizebuli danaSaulis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> konvenciis damatebiTi oqmi<br />

migrantebis xmeleTiT, zRviTa da haeriT kontrabandiT gadayvanasTan<br />

<strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb). maSin, rodesac migrantebis kontrabandiT gadayvanis<br />

mizania sazRvris ukanonod gadakveTiT transportireba pirdapiri Tu<br />

arapirdapiri gziT finansuri Tu sxva saxis materialuri mo<strong>ge</strong>bis<br />

misaRebad, adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobis mizani eqspluataciaa. garda<br />

amisa, ar aris aucilebeli, rom adamianebiT ukanono vaWroba moicavdes<br />

transnacionalur elements: is Sida saxelmwifoebriv donezec SeiZleba<br />

arsebobdes.<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> masStabebis zrda organizebuli danaSaulis zrdis<br />

proporciulad mimdinareobs. adamianTa trefikingSi monawileobs yvela<br />

donis danaSaulebrivi dajgufeba: mcirericxovani araformaluri<br />

jgufebidan moyolebuli mravalganStoebiani saerTaSoriso kriminaluri<br />

organizaciebis CaTvliT. Zalze xSirad es jgufebi sxva saxis<br />

danaSaulebriv saqmianobaSic, magaliTad iaraRisa da narkotikebis<br />

kontrabandaSi, arian CarTuli. kolosaluri odenobis Semosavlebi ki<br />

saerTo yulabaSi miedineba.<br />

amerikis saxelmwifo departamentis dazvervisa da gamoZiebis biuros<br />

daskvnis mixedviT, organizebul danaSaulebriv dajgufebebs Soris<br />

kavSirebis zrda farTomasStabiani «Savi ekonomikis» Seqmnaze miuTiTebs,<br />

sadac wesdeba sruli kontroli kontrabandis yvela saxeobaze:<br />

narkobiznesidan – seqsualuri momsaxurebis bazramde. 1<br />

calke sakiTxia trefikingidan miRebuli Semosavlebis legalizacia.<br />

kriminaluri samyaro trefikingidan miRebuli fulis gaTeTrebas gasuli<br />

saukunis 90-ian wlebSi amerikisa Tu Sveicariis finansur centrebSi da<br />

ofSorul zonebSi daregistrirebuli kompaniebis angariSebze cdilobda.<br />

1 United States Department of State, Bureau of Intelli<strong>ge</strong>nce and Research (INR), "International Trafficking in<br />

Women from Central Europe and the NIS", November 1997, pp. 4-5.<br />

4

ase magaliTad yofili ssr kavSiridan gamosulma organizebulma<br />

dajgufebebma qalTa da bavSvTa trefikingidan miRebuli mo<strong>ge</strong>ba israelSi<br />

legalur biznesSi daabandes. 1990-1995 wlebSi israelis bankebSi maT mier<br />

4 miliardamde aSS dolaris investireba moaxdines, damatebiT 600<br />

milioni dolari ki uZrav qonebaSi iqna dabandebuli. 2<br />

1998-1999 wlebSi niu iorkSi prostituciidan, trefikingidan da<br />

narkobiznesidan mo<strong>ge</strong>bis saxiT Semosuli 10 miliardi aSS dolaris<br />

gaTeTreba moxda. es Tanxa ekuTvnoda ukrainuli warmoSobis kriminaluri<br />

samyaros cnobil avtoritets Simon mogileviCs, romelic mfarvelobda<br />

budapeStisa da praRis Ramis klubebsa da saroskipo saxlebs. 3<br />

aravisTvis saidumlo ar aris, rom am kolosaluri Tanxis legalizaciam<br />

garkveuli roli Seitana rogorc israelis komerciuli bankebis<br />

aRorZinebaSi, aseve qveynis samxedro potencialis zrdaSi, ris<br />

Semdegadac eqspertebi erTgvari ormagi standartis amoqmedebazec<br />

alaparakdnen.<br />

moviyvanoT meore magaliTi. bertold brehti ambobda: “Tu gindaT<br />

moiparoT, iyideT banki”. 80-ian ww-Si aSS-Si BCCI bankTan dakavSirebuli<br />

cnobili skandali moxda. am banks kriminaluri warsulis mqone<br />

klientebi hyavda, mxilebuli birTvuli teqnikiT, iaraRiT, narkotikebiTa<br />

da adamianebiT vaWrobidan Semosuli Tanxebis brunvaSi. skandalis<br />

mTavari mizezi ki imaSi mdgomareobda, rom zogierTi sabanko operaciis<br />

kvali Tavad centralur sadazervo samsaxurTan midioda. amis Semdeg<br />

amerikeli eqspertebi xSirad xumrobdnen, rom css-s SemTxvevaSi yovelive<br />

amas “nacionaluri interesebis dacva” hqvia, xolo Tuki igives mafia an<br />

libieli teroristebi moimoqmedeben – “fulis gaTeTrebao”.<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> industriaze da mis teqnologiebze saubrisas yuradReba<br />

unda gamaxvildes savalo kabalis arssa da struqturaze. <strong>trefikingis</strong><br />

SemTxvevaSi «savalo urTierTobebi» Semdegnairad d<strong>ge</strong>ba: msxverplma,<br />

sakuTari TanxmobiT, an Tanxmobis gareSe, trefikers unda aunazRauros<br />

sabuTebis gaformebisTvis gadaxdili da qrTamebis saxiT gaRebuli<br />

2 Amir, Menachem, “Organized Crime in Israel,” in Organized Crime -—Uncertainties and Dilemmas, eds. Stanley<br />

Einstein and Menachem Amir (Chicago: Office of International Criminal Justice, 1999): 231–248.<br />

3 Koshiw, Jaroslav, “A Native Son and the Bank of New York Scandal,” Kyiv Post, August 26, 1999.<br />

5

Tanxa, sagzao xarjebi, daqiravebis momsaxurebisa da a<strong>ge</strong>ntisaTvis<br />

gadasaxdeli safasuri, zog SemTxvevaSi ki – sakuTari '»gasayidi fasis»<br />

Rirebulebac. msxverpli imyofeba daSinebisa da mudmivi muqaris qveS,<br />

rom Tanxis anazRaurebamde igi Sin ver dabrundeba. msxverplis mier<br />

«gamomuSavebuli» fuli mxolod am valebis gamoqviTvasa da<br />

suteniorebis procents xmardeba da praqtikulad mas araferi rCeba.<br />

vali xelovnurad izrdeba maszed mepatrones mier daricxuli savalo<br />

procentis, msxverplis Senaxvis xarjebisa da «cudi moqcevisaTvis»<br />

dawesebuli sajarimo sanqciebis damatebiT. sabolood mepatrone<br />

valianad hyidis msxverpls, romelic savalo kabalis samudamo mZevali<br />

xdeba da Tavis daRwevis Sansebi praqtikulad ewureba. savalo kabalis<br />

mware ironia aseve imaSi mdgomareobs, rom valebis odesme mainc<br />

dafarvis efemeruli imediT msxverpli Tanxmdeba misi eqspluataciis<br />

gagrZelebaze misi ojaxis mimarT mosalodneli angariSsworebis mudmivi<br />

SiSis gamo.<br />

I.2. saqarTvelo <strong>trefikingis</strong> globalur ruqaze: saerTaSoriso<br />

Sefasebebi<br />

saqarTveloSi adamianTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> sabrZolvelad pirveli<br />

nabijebi mxolod 2-3 wlis win gadaidga. aRniSnul periodamde arsebuli<br />

sruli sakanonmdeblo Tu sainformacio vakuumis gamo qveyana araerTgzis<br />

gamxdara rigi saerTaSoriso organizaciebis mxridan umkacresi<br />

kritikisa da SeSfoTebis sagani. gaero, euTo, saerTaSoriso migraciis<br />

organizacia, interpoli, evropoli, amerikis saxelmwifo departamenti,<br />

evrokomisia, evropis sabWo da sxva samTavrobaTaSoriso Tu<br />

arasamTavrobo organizaciebi qveyanas moiazreben liderad<br />

amierkavkasiisa da centraluri aziis regionSi.<br />

ase magaliTad, 90-iani ww-is bolos aSS saxelmwifo departamentis erTerT<br />

gancxadebaSi naTqvami iyo, rom «<strong>trefikingis</strong> qarTuli sindikati<br />

mWidrod aris dakavSirebuli analogiuri biznesiT dakavebul rusul<br />

6

organizebul dajgufebebTan. specializacia ZiriTadad 15-dan 30 wlamde<br />

qalebisa da gogonebis trefiqingze xdeba maTi seqs-industriaSi CarTvis<br />

mizniT, asakovan qalebs ki Sinamosamsaxureebad amuSaveben. arc erTi<br />

kategoriis msxverplma ar icis, rom isini aranair anazRaurebas ar<br />

miiReben. trefikerebi gayalbebuli sabuTebiT uzrunvelyofen amerikis<br />

vizis mopovebas, ramdenadac saelCo ver akontrolebs saqarTvelos<br />

moqalaqis pasportisa da sxva Sesabamisi dokumentebis gacemisas Cadenil<br />

falsifikacias adgilobrivi organoebis mier. Semdgom amerikaSi Casul<br />

saqarTvelos moqalaqeebs aeroportSive xvdeba romelime trefikingiT<br />

dakavebuli danaSaulebrivi organizaciis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>neli da axdens maTi<br />

pasportebis konfiskacias, ris Sedegadac xdeba qalebisa da gogonebis<br />

ganTavseba striptiz-klubebSi, masaJis salonebsa Tu bordelebSi.<br />

faqtiurad mZevlad qceuli adamianebi imTaviTve umZimesi savalo kabalis<br />

marwuxebis qveS eqcevian, ramdenadac trefikerebs unda gaustumron<br />

mogzaurobisa da maTi Senaxvis xarjebi, yalb dokumentebSi qrTamis<br />

saxiT gadaxdili Tanxa da mzardi savalo procenti». 4<br />

euTo-s 2000 wlis moxsenebaSi <strong>trefikingis</strong> Sesaxeb euTo-s wevri qveynebis<br />

regionSi <strong>trefikingis</strong> ZiriTadi donorebis pirvel jgufSi<br />

saxeldebodnen ruseTi, ukraina, poloneTi da baltiis qveynebi. meore<br />

jgufSi: albaneTi, Cexia, ungreTi, belorusi, slovakia, rumineTi,<br />

moldova da saqarTvelo. rogorc vxedavT, saqarTvelo erTaderTi iyo<br />

amierkavkasiisa da centraluri aziis saxelmwifoebidan, romelic<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> donor qveyanaTa liderTa jgufSi moxvda. euTo<br />

saqarTvelos «axal problemur regions» uwodebda, romelic <strong>trefikingis</strong><br />

mimwodebeli da satranzito saxelmwifos funqciebs iTavsebs. 5<br />

radio «Tavisufleba» iuwyeboda, rom «amierkavkasiuri masStabebiT<br />

saqarTvelo ucilobeli lideria, rac pirdapir kavSirSia qveyanaSi<br />

arsebul totalur korufciasTan. Tuki azerbaijaneli da somexi<br />

gogonebis trefikingi mxolod TurqeTsa da gaerTianebul emiratebSi<br />

4 http://usinfo.state.gov/topical/global/traffic/report/append2.htm<br />

5<br />

TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE OSCE.<br />

http://www.osce.org/odihr/docs/i3_index.htm<br />

7

xdeba, qarTuli <strong>trefikingis</strong> <strong>ge</strong>ografia ukve ramdenime kontinents<br />

moicavs». 6<br />

saerTaSoriso migraciis organizaciis 2000 wlis angariSSi -<br />

«aralegaluri migracia da migrantTa trefikingi saqarTveloSi» -<br />

aRniSnuli gaxldaT, rom saqarTvelo aralegaluri migraciis<br />

satranzito qveyanas warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns saberZneTsa da TurqeTSi – e.i.<br />

daniSnulebis qveynebSi –samuSaos saZieblad mimaval muSaxelisTvisa da<br />

prostituciis mizniT gadaadgilebul arasrulwlovan gogonebisa da<br />

qalebisaTvis.<br />

helsinkis saerTaSoriso federaciis 1999 wlis angariSSi ki yuradReba<br />

gamaxvilebuli iyo saqarTvelos samarTaldamcav organoebSi<br />

gabatonebul korufciaze, rac pirdapirproporciuli gaxldaT<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> SemTxvevebis matebasTan. angariSSi miTiTebuli iyo, rom<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverpli qarTveli qalebi da gogonebi ar acxadebdnen maT<br />

mimarT Cadenili danaSaulis an misi mcdelobis Sesaxeb erTi ubralo<br />

mizezis - samarTaldamcvelebis mxridan Tavad maTive dadanaSaulebis<br />

SiSis gamo. viTarebas amwvavebda mZime ekonomikuri da sabiujeto krizisi,<br />

rodesac policielebi TveobiT ver iRebdnen xelfasebs da yoveli<br />

gamosaZiebi saqmisadmi windawinve isaxeboda maTi mxridan gamorCeniTi<br />

midgomis albaToba. sayuradReboa, rom maSindelma saqarTvelos Sinagan<br />

saqmeTa ministrma erT-erT tele-interviuSi AaRniSna, igi «Tavis<br />

TanamSromlebs ver dauSlida mcireodeni qrTamis aRebas, rodesac<br />

sanacvlod verafers sTavazobda». qarTveli ministris ukrainelma<br />

kolegam ki sagazeTo interviuSi ganacxada, rom «trefikingi aramarto<br />

adamianuri tra<strong>ge</strong>diaa, aramed erovnuli krizisic, radganac damnaSaveebi<br />

am qalebisa da gogonebis meSveobiT erT kviraSi ufro met fuls<br />

6 Prague, 27 July 2001 (RFE/RL) Poor Laws Aid Groups Trafficking Women. By Jean-Christophe Peuch<br />

8

akeTeben, vidre misi qveynis samarTaldamcavi sistemisaTvis gamoyofili<br />

wliuri biujetia». 7<br />

sainteresoa mokled mimovixiloT, Tu rogoria saqarTvelos mimarT am<br />

etapze gamoTqmuli saerTaSoriso Sefasebebi da ra adgili uWiravs<br />

qveyanas <strong>trefikingis</strong> globalur rukaze.<br />

gaeros narkotikebisa da danaSaulis ofisis mier (UNODC) 2006 wlis<br />

aprilSi gamoqveynebuli kvlevaSi adamianTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> globaluri<br />

sqemebis Sesaxeb 8 , 113 sxvadasxva wyaroze dayrdnobiT da maTi<br />

gaanalizebiT Sefasda adamianTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> gavrcelebis masStabebi da<br />

mis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> brZolos done msoflios 161 saxelmwifoSi. saxelmwifoTa<br />

klsificireba moxda rogorc regionaluri niSniT, aseve <strong>trefikingis</strong><br />

mimRebi, satranzito da mimwodebeli qveynebis matarebeli funqciebis<br />

mixedviT.<br />

mimwodebeli qveynis funqciis TvalsazrisiT saqarTvelo maRali riskis<br />

mqonedaa Sefasebuli (ix. cxrili 1), tranzituli qveynebis siaSi mas<br />

saSualo riskis mqones statusi aqvs miniWebuli (ix. cxrili 2), xolo<br />

mimRebi saxelmwifoebis rangirebisas saqarTvelos Zalian dabali riskis<br />

maCvenebeli gaaCnia (ix. cxrili 3).<br />

cxrili 1<br />

7 Regional Security Office, U.S.Embassy, Kyiv, Ukraine, Crime Di<strong>ge</strong>st, January 1999,<br />

http://www.usemb.kiev.ua/rso/CrimeDi<strong>ge</strong>st9901.html.<br />

8 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Trafficking in Persons: Global Patterns. April 2006<br />

9

cxrili 2<br />

10

cxrili 3<br />

11

egionalur WrilSi saqarTveloSi arsebuli mdgomareoba Sefasda dsT-s<br />

sxva 11 saxelmwifosTan SedarebiTi analizis kuTxiT. aqac saqarTvelo<br />

maRali riskis maCvenebliT Sefasda, rogorc mimwodebeli saxelmwifo<br />

12

somxeTTan, yazaxeTTan da uzbekeTTan erTad. Zalian maRali riskis<br />

maCvenebeli ki aRmoaCndaT beloruss, moldovas, ruseTsa da ukrainas (ix.<br />

cxrili):<br />

sayuradReboa, rom regionaluri analizisas zemoT aRniSnul kvlevaSi<br />

yuradReba gamaxvilebulia <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> <strong>trefikingis</strong> maRal<br />

maCvenebelze swored dsT-s saxelmwifoebSi.<br />

gaeros bavSvTa fondis mier 2006 wlis martSi gamoqveynebul moxsenebaSi<br />

centraluri da aRmosavleT evropisa da dsT-s qveynebSi<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> <strong>trefikingis</strong> Sesaxeb 9 aRniSnulia, rom ar arsebobs<br />

miaxloebiTi statistika <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverpl bavSvTa Sesaxeb, magram<br />

arsebobs informacia Tu ra kategoriis bavSvebzea saubari. esenia:<br />

• mzrunvelobas moklebuli 15-dan 17 wlamde gogonebi, romelTa<br />

trefikingic xdeba seqsualuri eqspluataciis mizniT, da<br />

• 13 wlamde bavSvebi, romelTa trefikingic xdeba iZulebiTi Sromisa<br />

da maTxovrobis mizniT<br />

amave moxsenebaSi mocemulia regionis saxelmwifoTa profiluri<br />

daxasiaTeba <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> <strong>trefikingis</strong> maCveneblebis mixedviT.<br />

9 UNICEF. Background Paper on Child Trafficking in CEE/CIS.<br />

http://www.unicef.org/ceecis/protection_3974.html<br />

13

samwuxarod moxsenebaSi adgili ar eTmoba saqarTveloSi am kuTxiT<br />

arsebuli mdgomareobis analizs.<br />

amerikis saxelmwifo departamentis adamianTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong><br />

<strong>brZolis</strong>a da monitoringis ofisis yovelwliuri angariSebi yovelTvis<br />

gansakuTrebiT sayuradReboa im saxelmwifoebisaTvis, romlebisTvisac<br />

aSS erT-erT umsxviles donors warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns.<br />

amerikis saxelmwifo departamentis 2006 wlis 5 ivnisiT daTariRebul<br />

angariSSi 10 saqarTvelos me-2 kategoria aqvs miniWebuli 4 kategoriad<br />

dayofil sistemaSi.<br />

ყველაზე ნაკლებად პრობლემატურ ქვეყნებად დასავლეთ ევროპის<br />

სახელმწიფოები მიიჩნევა. მეორე კატეგორიაში, აღმოსავლეთ ევროპის ქვეყნებთან<br />

ერთად, საქართველო და აზერბაიჯანიც მოხვდნენ. მესამე - მძიმე კატეგორიაში<br />

გადიან რუსეთი და სომხეთი ინდოეთთან და ბრაზილიასთან ერთად. მეოთხე,<br />

უმძიმეს კატეგორიაში კი კუბა, ირანი, საუდის არაბეთი და უზბეკეთი არიან.<br />

miRwevebTan erTad aRniSnulia, rom საქართველო წარმოადგენს როგორც<br />

წყაროს, ასევე სატრანზიტო ქვეყანას ქალების, ბავშვებისა და მამაკაცების<br />

ტრეფიკინგისათვის სექსუალური ექსპლოატაციისა და იძულებითი შრომის<br />

თვალსაზრისით. უამრავი ქართველი გახდა ტრეფიკინგის მსხვერპლი თურქეთში,<br />

რაც ძირითადად ამ ორ ქვეყანას შორის სავიზო რეჟიმის უქონლობითაა გამოწვეული.<br />

მსხვერპლნი უკრაინიდან, მოლდოვიდან, რუსეთიდან და ყოფილი საბჭოთა<br />

კავშირის სხვა ქვეყნებიდან საქართველოს გავლით ხვდებიან თურქეთში, არაბეთის<br />

გაერთიანებულ საემიროებში, საბერძნეთსა და დასავლეთ ევროპაში, სადაც ისინი<br />

ტრეფიკინგის მახეში ებმებიან.<br />

SedarebisaTvis upriania gavixsenoT amerikis saxelmwifo departamentis<br />

2005 wlis angariSic, sadac aRniSnuli iyo, rom ”საქართველოს მთავრობა<br />

სრულად ვერ აკმაყოფილებს იმ მინიმალურ სტანდარტებს, რომლებიც აუცილებელია<br />

ტრეფიკინგის აღმოსაფხვრელად”. დოკუმენტში ნათქვამია, რომ საქართველოდან<br />

თურქეთსა და სხვა ქვეყნებში სექსუალური ექსპლოატაციისა და მონური შრომის<br />

მიზნით, ყოველწლიურად 500 ქალი არალეგალურად გაჰყავთ. გარდა ამისა,<br />

10 http://www.state.gov/g/tip/rls/tiprpt/2006/65988.htm<br />

14

უკრაინიდან, რუსეთიდან, მოლდოვადან და სხვა ყოფილი საბჭოთა<br />

რესპუბლიკებიდან საქართველოს გავლით ადამიანები თურქეთში არალეგალურად<br />

გაყავთ. არის შემთხვევები, როდესაც ადამიანებს იძულებით ამუშავებდნენ<br />

აფხაზეთში. სამხრეთ ოსეთს კი, ტრეფიკინგში სატრანზიტო დანიშნულება აქვს. არ<br />

არსებობს ტრეფიკინგის მსხვერპლთა უსაფრთხოებისა და რეაბილიტაციის პროგრამა,<br />

რის გამოც დაზარალებულები ჩვენების მიცემაზე უარს აცხადებენ.<br />

მიგრაციის საერთაშორისო ორგანიზაციa (IOM) mouwodebs saqarTvelos<br />

მთავრობაs, განახორციელოს მსხვერპლთა სახელმწიფო პოლიტიკა, გაზარდოს<br />

ბრალდებები და სასჯელები ამ სფეროში, ტრეფიკინგის მსხვერპლთათვის<br />

უზრუნველყოს სათანადო თავშესაფრების შექმნა და დააფუძნოს მოწმეთა<br />

დაცვის სისტემა, რათა მოწმეებმა თავი დაცულად იგრძნონ და შეძლონ საკუთარ<br />

ექსპლუატატორთა წინააღმდეგ ჩვენების მიცემა. უნდა ჩატარდეს სპეციალური<br />

კამპანიები ამ სფეროში მოსახლეობის ცოდნის ასამაღლებლად, რათა მსხვერპლნი<br />

იყვნენ წახალისებულნი ეძიონ ზრუნვა და დახმარება იმისათვის, რომ<br />

საქართველოში ტრეფიკინგის მსხვერპლთა მიმართ იკლოს ნეგატიურმა<br />

დამოკიდებულებამ.<br />

aRniSnuli angariSebisa da Sefasebebis SedarebiTi analizisas zogadad<br />

SeiZleba davaskvnaT, saerTaSoriso donezec ki jer kidev ar aris<br />

koordinirebuli saxelmwifoebSi trafikingis donis gansazRvris<br />

kriteriumebisa da indikatorebis erTiani sistema. ase magaliTad, Tuki<br />

aSS saxelmwifo departamentis SefasebiT uzbekeTs umZimesi – me-4<br />

kategoria aqvs miniWebuli, gaeros angariSebSi uzbekeTi da saqarTvelo<br />

erTi da igive (me-2) kategoriaSi arian moqceuli.<br />

unda aRiniSnos isic, rom zemoT moyvanil angariSebSi naklebi yuradReba<br />

aqvs daTmobili <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> <strong>trefikingis</strong> statistikuri da sxva<br />

indikaturi maCveneblebis Seswavlas.<br />

15

I.3. <strong>trefikingis</strong> xelSemwyobi faqtorebi da <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong><br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> definiciis sakiTxi<br />

sadReisod saqarTveloSi ikveTeba <strong>trefikingis</strong>aTvis damaxasiaTebeli<br />

makvalificirebeli niSnebi da xelSemwyobi faqtori:<br />

• saqarTvelos ormagi funqcia <strong>trefikingis</strong> SemTxvevaSi: qveynis<br />

gadaqceva rogorc, donor (mimwodebel), aseve satranzito<br />

saxelmwifod;<br />

• <strong>trefikingis</strong> marSrutebis farTo <strong>ge</strong>ografia;<br />

• umuSevrobis maRali da cxovrebis socialur-ekonomikuri pirobebis<br />

dabali done;<br />

• mzardi aralegaluri migracia;<br />

• mosaxleobaSi dagrovili valebi, romelTa gadasaxdeladac adamianebi<br />

kabalur pirobebSi samuSaod wasvlazec ki mzadyofnas gamoTqvamen;<br />

parlamentis kvleviTi departamentis sainformacio mimoxilvis Tanaxmad<br />

saqarTveloSi adamianTa trefikingSi carTul fizikur da iuridiul<br />

pirTa procentuli maCvenebeli Semdegnairad gamoiyureba:<br />

dasaqmebis saa<strong>ge</strong>ntoebi 56%<br />

turistuli firmebi 38%<br />

kerZo pirebi 37%<br />

sazRvargareT swavlebis organizebiT dakavebuli firmebi 33%<br />

policia 11%<br />

saerTaSoriso satransporto organizaciebi 4%<br />

sabaJo samsaxuri 3%<br />

sasazRvro samsaxuri 3%<br />

saerTaSoriso organizaciebi 3%<br />

samedicino dawesebulebebi 1%<br />

sxva 1%<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> <strong>trefikingis</strong> specifikaze saubrisas aucilebelia<br />

ganvixiloT Tavad definiciis sakiTxi.<br />

16

eqspertTa Soris am TvalsazrisiT gamokveTil iqna ramdenime midgoma:<br />

1. <strong>ge</strong>nderulad neitraluri terminis “adamianTa <strong>trefikingis</strong>”<br />

damkvidreba (gaero-s adamianis uflebaTa umaRlesi komisari, Sromis<br />

saerTaSoriso organizacia da sxv.);<br />

2. <strong>ge</strong>nderulad orientirebuli terminis “qalTa <strong>trefikingis</strong>” calke<br />

definiciad gansazRvra;<br />

3. “bavSvTa <strong>trefikingis</strong>” calke terminad gamoyofa;<br />

4. “qalTa da bavSvTa <strong>trefikingis</strong>” gamoyeneba erTiani terminis saxiT.<br />

uaxloes warsulSi miRebul ZiriTad anti-trefikingul standartebamde<br />

sxva saerTaSoriso samarTlebriv aqtebsa da saerTaSoriso<br />

organizaciebis mier mocemul ganmartebebSi trefikingi sxvadasxvagvarad<br />

ganisazRvreboda:<br />

• organizacia ECPAT-is mier SeTavazebul variantiT: «bavSvTa<br />

trefikingi seqsualuri mizniT qveynis SigniT, an mis sazRvrebs gareT,<br />

niSnavs bavSvis gadayvanas erTi adgilidan meoreze finansuri an sxva<br />

saxis anazRaurebis miRebis mizniT»; 11<br />

• bavSvis uflebaTa konvenciis fakultaturi oqmi bavSvTa gayidvis,<br />

bavSvTa prostituciisa da bavSvTa pornografiis Sesaxeb: «bavSvTa<br />

gayidva niSnavs nebismier aqts, an gari<strong>ge</strong>bas, romlis meSveobiTac<br />

bavSvi nebismieri piris, an pirTa nebismieri jgufis mier mier<br />

gadaecema sxva pirs, an pirTa jgufs fuladi an sxva saxis<br />

anazRaurebis sanacvlod»; 12<br />

• pensilvaniis universitetis profesoris – riCard estesis redaqciiT,<br />

bavSvTa trefikingi unda ganisazRvros, rogorc «bavSvTa gadayvana<br />

seqsualur muSakTa saxiT, qveynis SigniT, an mis sazRvrebs gareT,<br />

sazRvrispira raionebSi, qalaqidan qalaqSi, an soflidan urbanistul<br />

11 http://www.escap-hrd.org/cedc/csec4.htm<br />

12 Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child<br />

pornography. Adopted and opened for signature, ratification and ccession by General Assembly resolution<br />

A/RES/54/263 of 25 May 2000<br />

http://untreaty.un.org/English/notpubl/iv-11c_ru.htm<br />

17

dasaxlebebSi, iZulebiT, an iZulebis gareSe, finansuri sar<strong>ge</strong>belis<br />

miRebis mizniT»; 13<br />

• saerTaSoriso anti-trefikinguli organizacia «CAPTIVE DAUGHTERS”-<br />

is redaqciiT: “seqs-trefikingi niSnavs sxvaTa seqsualuri moTxovnebis<br />

dasakmayofileblad piris dabevebas da/an transportirebas qveynis<br />

sazRvrebs SigniT, an mis sazRvrebs gareT, pirdapiri an arapirdapiri<br />

Zaladobis, an Zaladobis muqaris, Zalauflebis, iZulebis, savalo<br />

kabalis, Zalis an Zaladobis sxva formebis gamoyenebiT”. 14<br />

• monobis sa<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>o saerTaSoriso organizaciis (Anti-Slavery<br />

International) ganmartebiT: “<strong>trefikingis</strong> definiciisas unda ganvasxvavoT<br />

bavSvTa da mozrdilTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> SemTxvevebi. qalTa da mamakacTa<br />

seqsualuri eqspluataciis mizniT <strong>trefikingis</strong> dros unda<br />

gaviTvaliswinoT maTi unari, Tavadve moaxdinon nebayoflobiTi<br />

arCevani da <strong>trefikingis</strong> dadastureba unda SeizRudos mxolod<br />

iZulebisa da Zaladobis SemTxvevebiT. bavSvTa SemTxvevaSi ki -<br />

definicia - “ trefikingi seqsualuri eqspluataciis mizniT” –<br />

mxolod iZulebisa da Zaladobis SemTxvevebiT ar unda iyos<br />

limitirebuli”. 15<br />

• amerikis mTavrobis oficialuri definicia trefikingTan mimarTebaSi<br />

ase gamoiyureba: «adamianTa trefikingi aris adamianTa yvelanairi<br />

saxiT transportireba saxelmwifo Tu saerTaSoriso sazRvrebs<br />

SigniT, an maT gareT, maTi gayidvis, iZulebiTi Sromis an sxva imgvari<br />

saxis momsaxurebis mizniT, rogoricaa iZulebiTi prostitucia, Sina<br />

samuSaoebis Sesruleba, savalo kabaliT damoneba da monobis sxva<br />

Tanamedrove formebi, Cadenili ZaladobiTan Zaladobis muqariT,<br />

adamianis gatacebis formiT, misi pativisa da Rirsebis SelaxviT».<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> SemTxvevaSi, aSS mTavrobis ganmartebiT, trefikings<br />

13 Ricard J. Estes. THE SEXUAL EXPLOITATION OF CHILDREN: A Working Guide to the Empirical Literature<br />

Contents. 2001. p. 5.<br />

14 http://www.captive.org/ByandAboutCD/CDdocuments/cddefinitionoftrafficking.htm<br />

15 Summary of recommendations regarding the Proposal for a Council Framework Decision on Combating<br />

Trafficking in Human Beings, submitted by Human Rights Watch and Anti-Slavery International:<br />

http://www.antislavery.org/archive/other/trafficking-framework.htm<br />

18

maSinac aqvs adgili, Tuki zemoT xsenebuli qmedebebi iZulebis gareSe<br />

– anu, Tavad <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> TanxmobiT - moxda. 16<br />

amgvarad, Cvens mier moyvanili ganmartebebidan ikveTeba, rom zogierTi<br />

mosazrebis mixedviT, srulwlovanTa magaliTze <strong>trefikingis</strong> aRiareba<br />

xdeba mxolod iZulebis, motyuebis, Zaladobis an Zaladobis muqaris,<br />

SantaJis da Zaldatanebis sxva formebis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi;<br />

specialistTa azri ki iyofa, Tu trefikings adgili hqonda Tavad<br />

srulwlovnis sruli SegnebiT, nebayoflobiTa da TanxmobiT. yvela<br />

mosazreba da ganmarteba erTmaneTs emTxveva <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong><br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> SemTxvevaSi, rodesac Tavad <strong>trefikingis</strong> arasrulwlovani<br />

msxverplis Tanxmoba mxedvelobaSi ar miiReba.<br />

asea Tu ise, sabolood <strong>trefikingis</strong> pirveli saerTaSoriso oficialuri<br />

definiciis SemoReba SeiZleba davukavSiroT 2000 wlis 15 dekembers,<br />

rodesac italiis qalaq palermoSi miRebul iqna gaero-s konvencia<br />

organizebuli transnacionaluri organizebuli danaSaulis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong><br />

da misi fakultaturi oqmi «adamianTa, gansakuTrebiT ki qalTa da<br />

bavSvTa Trefiqingis Tavidan acilebisa da aRkveTis Sesaxeb».<br />

oqmis ZiriTad miznebs Sead<strong>ge</strong>ns:<br />

1. <strong>trefikingis</strong>, gansakuTrebiT bavSvTa da qalTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> Tavidan<br />

acileba da mis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> brZola;<br />

2. <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplTa dacva da maTdami daxmareba;<br />

3. am mizniT wevr-saxelmwifoTa Soris TanamSromlobis ganmtkiceba.<br />

fakultaturi oqmi iZleva <strong>trefikingis</strong> pirvel saerTaSoriso definicias:<br />

muxli 3.<br />

am oqmis miznebisaTvis:<br />

(a) “trefikingi” niSnavs adamianTa gadabirebas, transportirebas,<br />

gadayvanas, Sefarebas an miRebas muqaris, Zalis gamoyenebis an iZulebis<br />

sxva saSualebiT, motacebiT, TaRliTobiT, motyuebiT, Zalauflebis an<br />

piris umweobis borotad gamoyenebiT an im piris Tanxmobis misaRwevad<br />

Tanxis an sxva sar<strong>ge</strong>blis micemiT an miRebiT, visi damokidebulebis<br />

qveSac imyofeba meore piri, am adamianTa eqspluataciis mizniT.<br />

16 Trafficking in Women and Children: The U.S. and International Response:<br />

http://usinfo.state.gov/topical/global/traffic/crs0510.htm<br />

19

eqspluatacia, rogorc minimum, gulisxmobs sxvaTa prostituciis<br />

eqspluatacias an sqesobrivi eqspluataciis sxva formas, iZulebiT<br />

Sromas an momsaxurebas, monobas an monobis msgavs mdgomareobas, monur<br />

Sromas an organoTa gadanergvas;<br />

(b) Tu gamoyenebulia am muxlis (a) qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli<br />

romelime saSualeba, adamianTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplis Tanxmobas<br />

aRniSnuli qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebul mis winaswarganzraxul<br />

eqspluataciaze mniSvneloba ar unda mieniWos;<br />

(c) bavSvis gadabireba, transportireba, gadayvana, Sefareba an miReba<br />

eqspluataciis mizniT unda CaiTvalos “trefikingad” maSinac ki, rodesac<br />

gamoyenebuli ar yofila am muxlis (a) qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli<br />

romelime saSualeba;<br />

(d) “bavSvi” gulisxmobs nebismier adamians 18 wlis asakamde.<br />

amgvarad, rogorc vxedavT, fakultaturi oqmi mkafiod mijnavs<br />

nebayoflobiT da iZulebiT prostitucias da srulwlovanTa SemTxvevaSi<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> Semad<strong>ge</strong>nlobad mxolod am ukanasknels xdis. am sakiTxTan<br />

dakavSirebiT palermoSi didi debatebi gaimarTa da delegatebis<br />

umravlesoba, swored im pozicias miemxro, rom nebayoflobiTi<br />

prostitucia <strong>trefikingis</strong> makvalificirebel elementad ar CaTvliliyo.<br />

17 amasTanave gaurkveveli darCa terminis “sxvaTa prostituciisa da da<br />

seqsualuri eqspluataciis sxva formebis” saboloo mniSvnelobac,<br />

razedac delegatebs Soris SeTanxmeba ver moxda. aqedan gamomdinare,<br />

konvenciisa da misi fakultaturi oqmis wevr-saxelmwifoebs miecaT<br />

Tavisufleba, Sida kanonmdeblobaSi Tavad daareguliron “sxvaTa<br />

prostituciisa da da seqsualuri eqspluataciis sxva formebis”<br />

definiciis sakiTxi. “Tu saxelmwifoebi TavianT kanonebSi am definiciis<br />

gansazRvras ar moaxdenen, an arasrulad moaxdenen, maSin braldebas<br />

Zalian gauWurdeba daadginos, risTvis sdebs brals eWvmitanils.<br />

sisxlis samarTlis kanonebis sizuste aucilebelia rogorc<br />

17 Ann D. Jordan. Annotated Guide to the new UN Trafficking Protocol. Global Rights. 2006.<br />

20

marTlmsajulebisTvis, aseve braldebulis uflebebis dacvisTvisac” –<br />

xazgasmulia fakultaturi oqmis komentarebSi. 18<br />

rac Seexeba monobisa da masTan gaTanabrebuli Tanamedrove formebis<br />

ganmartebas, misi yvelaze aRiarebuli definicia Tanamedrove monobis<br />

sa<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>o saerTaSoriso komitets ekuTvnis. aq yalibdeba is 5<br />

ZiriTadi kriteriumi, romlebic Tanamedrove monobis fenomens<br />

gansazRvravs:<br />

1. pirovnebis saidentifikacio dokumentTa konfiskacia;<br />

2. pirovnebis iZuleba misi Rirsebisa da pativis Semlaxvel pirobebSi<br />

samuSaod yovelgvari anazRaurebis, an sruliad araadeqvaturi<br />

anazRaurebis gareSe (15-dan 18 saaTiani dRiuri samuSao, 7-dRiani<br />

samuSao kviraSi, ardade<strong>ge</strong>bisa da dasvenebis uflebis CamorTmeva,<br />

aradamakmayofilebeli kveba, umZimesi sacxovrebeli pirobebi da a.S.);<br />

3. Tavisuflad gadaadgilebis uflebis CamorTmeva an am uflebis<br />

iZulebiTi “TviTCamorTmeva” (mepatrone arwmunebs pirs, rom igi<br />

aralegalur mdgomareobaSi imyofeba da Tu magaliTad, quCaSi<br />

policia gaaCerebs, dapatimrebuli an gasaxlebuli iqneba);<br />

4. ojaxuri kavSirebis Sewyveta: mimowerisa da satelefono kontaqtebis<br />

akrZalva da sxv.<br />

5. kulturuli izolacia.<br />

monobis sa<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>o saerTaSoriso komitetis monacemebiT sadReisod<br />

mTels msoflioSi monobis sxvadasxvagvari Tanamedrove formebiT<br />

eqspluataciis qveS daaxloebiT 200 milioni adamiani imyofeba. 19<br />

SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom trefikingi, gaero-s mocemuli definiciiT unda<br />

Seicavdes Semdeg 4 centralur elements: 20<br />

• danaSaulis transnacionalur xasiaTs;<br />

• organizebuli danaSaulebrivi jgufis monawileobas;<br />

• iZulebis gamoyenebas;<br />

• eqspluataciis miznis arsebobas.<br />

18 Commentary on Definition of Trafficking in the UN Protocol:<br />

http://www.inet.co.th/org/gaatw/SolidarityAction/HRSLetter.htm<br />

19 http://www.ccem-antislavery.org/INTERNATIONAL/ENGLISH/present/XYpresen.html<br />

20 am niSnebiT fakultaturi oqmi <strong>trefikingis</strong> Sesaxeb pirdapir ukavSirdeba gaeros<br />

transnacionaluri organizebuli danaSaulis konvencias.<br />

21

yoveli es elementi sakmaod moculobiTi xasiaTisaa. ase magaliTad,<br />

danaSaulis transnacionalurobas SeiZleba adgili hqondes gansxvavebul<br />

SemTxvevebSi:<br />

• rodesac erTi da igive danaSaulebrivi qmedebis Cadena erTze met<br />

qveyanaSi xdeba (vTqvaT, <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplis daqiraveba xdeba erT<br />

qveyanaSi, xolo misi eqspluatacia, mis mier sazRvris gadakveTis<br />

Semdeg, – sxva saxelmwifoSi);<br />

• rodesac erTsa da imave qmedebaSi monawile organizebuli jgufis<br />

wevrebi sxvadasxva qveynidan moqmedeben;<br />

• rodesac danaSaulis da<strong>ge</strong>gmva erT qveyanaSi xdeba, aRsruleba ki –<br />

meore da sxva qveynebSi ise, rom msxverplma SesaZloa, arc gadakveTos<br />

qveynis sazRvari;<br />

• rodesac danaSaulis Sede<strong>ge</strong>biT yvelaze metad zaraldeba mesame, da<br />

ara mimwodebeli an mimReb qveyana;<br />

• rodesac danaSauli da<strong>ge</strong>gmva da aRsruleba xdeba sxvadasxva qveynebSi,<br />

misgan miRebuli mo<strong>ge</strong>bis gadaricxva ki – sxva calke saxelmwifoSi;<br />

arasrulwlovanT <strong>trefikingis</strong> SemTxvevaSi, aRniSnul 4 elementSi xdeba<br />

koreqtivi da iZulebis arseboba <strong>trefikingis</strong> dadgomisTvis ar aris<br />

aucilebeli, anu trefikings adgili aqvs bavSvis, misi mSoblebis an sxva<br />

kanonieri warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebis Tanxmobis SemTxvevaSiac.<br />

Tavad trefikeri ganimarteba, rogorc “ yvela is fizikuri an iuridiuli<br />

piri, romelic Cadis, Tanamonawileobs, an pasiurad eTanxmeba/egueba in<br />

danaSaulebriv qmedebebs, romlebsac moicavs <strong>trefikingis</strong> ganmarteba”.<br />

evropuli konvencia adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong><br />

Sesaxeb (varSavis konvencia, 2005) me-4 muxlSi Semdeg definicias<br />

gvTavazobs:<br />

winamdebare konvenciis miznebisTvis:<br />

(a) `adamianebiT ukanono vaWroba~ niSnavs eqspluataciis mizniT pirTa<br />

samuSaoze ayvanas, transportirebas, gadacemas, TavSesafris micemas an<br />

miRebas, muqaris an Zalis an iZulebis sxva formis gamoyenebis, an<br />

TaRliTobis, an motyuebis, an Zalauflebis borotad gamoyenebis, an<br />

22

umweo mdgomareobiT sar<strong>ge</strong>blobis an sazRauris an sar<strong>ge</strong>blis micemis an<br />

miRebis gziT, romlis mizania im piris Tanxmobis miReba, romelic<br />

axorcielebs kontrols sxva pirze.Eeqspluatacia, yvelaze SezRuduli<br />

ganmartebiT, gulisxmobs sxva pirTa eqspluatacias prostituciis mizniT<br />

an seqsualuri eqspluataciis sxva formebs, iZulebiT Sromas an<br />

momsaxurebas, monur an sxva msgavs mdgomareobaSi Cayenebas, katorRul<br />

muSaobas an organoebis amoclas;<br />

(b) `adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobis~ msxverplis Tanxmoba, gamoyenebul<br />

iqnes am muxlis (a) qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli miznebisTvis, ar<br />

CaiTvleba namdvilad, Tu es Tanxmoba miRebul iqna (a) qvepunqtSi<br />

miTiTebuli romelime saSualebiT.<br />

(g) eqspluataciis mizniT bavSvis samuSaoze ayvana, transportireba,<br />

gadacema, TavSesafris micema an miReba ganixileba rogorc `adamianebiT<br />

ukanono vaWroba~ im SemTxvevSic ki, Tu gamoyenebuli ar yofila am<br />

muxlis (a) qvepunqtSi miTiTebuli romelime saSualeba;<br />

(d) `bavSvi~ niSnavs Tvramet wlamde asakis nebismier pirs.<br />

(e) `msxverpli~ niSnavs nebismier fizikur pirs, romelic warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns<br />

adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobis obieqts am muxlis gansazRvrebis<br />

Sesabamisad.<br />

rogorc vxedavT, adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobis gansazRvra varSavis<br />

konvenciis me-4 muxlis (a) punqtSi identuria palermos oqmis me-3 muxlis<br />

(a) punqtSi mocemuli gansazRvrisa, xolo konvenciis me-4 muxlis (b)-(d)<br />

punqtebi identuria palermos oqmis me-3 muxlis (b)-(d) punqtebisa.<br />

SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom adamianebiT ukanono vaWroba Sed<strong>ge</strong>ba Semdegi<br />

sami ZiriTadi komponentis kombinaciisagan:<br />

- qmedeba: `pirTa samuSaoze ayvana, transportireba, gadacema, TavSesafris<br />

micema an miReba~;<br />

- saSualeba: `muqaris an Zalis an iZulebis sxva formis gamoyenebis, an<br />

TaRliTobis, an motyuebis, an Zalauflebis borotad gamoyenebis, an<br />

umweo mdgomareobiT sar<strong>ge</strong>blobis an sazRauris an sar<strong>ge</strong>blis micemis an<br />

miRebis gziT, romlis mizania im piris Tanxmobis miReba, romelic<br />

axorcielebs kontrols sxva pirze~;<br />

23

- eqspluataciis mizniT, rac, `yvelaze SezRuduli ganmartebiT,<br />

gulisxmobs sxva pirTa eqspluatacias prostituciis mizniT an<br />

seqsualuri eqspluataciis sxva formebs, iZulebiT Sromas an<br />

momsaxurebas, monur an sxva msgavs mdgomareobaSi Cayenebas, katorRul<br />

muSaobas an organoebis amoclas~.<br />

adamianebiT ukanono vaWroba aris am sami ZiriTadi komponentis<br />

kombinacia da ara es komponentebi, calke aRebuli. magaliTad, pirTaTvis<br />

`TavSesafris micema~ (qmedeba), romelSic monawileobs muqaris an Zalis<br />

gamoyeneba~ (saSualeba) `iZulebiTi Sromis~ mizniT (mizani) aris qmedeba,<br />

romelic ganxiluli unda iqnes rogorc adamianebiT ukanono vaWroba.<br />

igive exeba pirTa samuSaoze ayvanas (qmedeba) motyuebis gziT (saSualeba)<br />

prostituciis mizniT eqspluataciisTvis.<br />

imisaTvis, rom Sead<strong>ge</strong>ndnen adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobas, samive<br />

kategoriis (qmedeba, saSualeba, mizani) komponentebi erTdroulad unda<br />

iyvnen saxeze.<br />

Tumca arsebobs gamonaklisi bavSvebTan dakavSirebiT: bavSvebis<br />

samuSaoze ayvana, transportireba, gadacema, TavSesafris micema an miReba<br />

eqspluataciis mizniT miCneuli unda iqnes adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobad,<br />

im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tu mas Tan ar axlavs me-4 muxlis (a) punqtSi<br />

CamoTvlili arc erTi saSualeba.<br />

adamianebiT ukanonod movaWreni xSirad iyeneben TaRliTobas da<br />

motyuebas, rodesac arwmuneben msxverplT, rom maT kargi samsaxuri eliT<br />

da ara winaswar ganzraxuli eqspluatacia.<br />

zogadad umweo mdgomareobiT sar<strong>ge</strong>bloba gulisxmobs nebismieri iseTi<br />

situaciiT sar<strong>ge</strong>blobas, romelSic adamians ara aqvs araviTari realuri<br />

da misaRebi alternativa, ganacxados misi mdgomareobiT sar<strong>ge</strong>blobis<br />

Sesaxeb. umweoba SeiZleba iyos nebismieri saxis _ fizikuri,<br />

fsiqologiuri, emociuri, ojaxTan dakavSirebuli, socialuri Tu<br />

ekonomikuri da SeiZleba gulisxmobdes nebismier iseT mZime<br />

mdgomareobas, romelic aiZulebs adamians, daTanxmdes sakuTar<br />

eqspluataciaze. amitom saWiroa, ganxiluli iqnes mravali saSualeba,<br />

maT Soris vTqvaT, bavSvebis mityueba pedofilebisTvis an pornografiul<br />

jgufebSi..<br />

24

aseve aRsaniSnavia, rom adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobis ganmarteba ar exeba<br />

ukanono Svilad ayvanas, rogorc aseTs. miuxedavad amisa, im SemTxvevebSi,<br />

rodesac ukanono Svilad ayvana Sead<strong>ge</strong>ns monobis msgavs praqtikas,<br />

rogorc is gansazRvrulia monobis, monebiT vaWrobisa da monobis<br />

msgavsi praqtikis gauqmebis Sesaxeb damatebiTi konvenciaSi, igi mainc<br />

unda moviazroT varSavis evropuli konvenciismoqmedebis sferoSi.<br />

I.4. vin aris momxmarebeli? - seqsualuri eqspluatatoris<br />

profili<br />

evropuli konvenciis me-19 muxli saxelmwifoebs Txovs moaxdinon<br />

“msxverplis momsaxurebiT sar<strong>ge</strong>blobis kriminalizacia”. amitom<br />

mniSvnelovania, gairkves vin aris momxmarebeli. seqsualuri<br />

eqspluatatoris profilis dad<strong>ge</strong>na aucilebelia, raTa gairkves maTi<br />

qmedebis motivacia bavSvTa komerciuli Tu arakomerciuli<br />

eqspluataciis SemTxvevaSi. aRniSnuli sakiTxis kvleva Tanamedrove<br />

fsiqologiur, sociologiur Tu kriminologiur literaturaSi sakmaod<br />

aqtualuria da mas araerTis samecniero naSromi eZRvneba. yvelaze<br />

gavrcelebuli midgomis mixedviT ganirCeva bavSvTa seqsualuri<br />

eqspluatatoris 21 3 tipi:<br />

1. pedofili<br />

2. preferenciuli eqspluatatori (hebefili)<br />

3. situaciuri eqspluatatori. 22<br />

pedofili<br />

pedofilia samedicino cnebaTa kategorias ganekuTvneba da pedofili<br />

ewodeba im zrdasrul adamians, romelsac garkveuli individualuri<br />

fsiqiuri da fiziologiuri rRvevebis gamo seqsualuri interesi mxolod<br />

bavSvebisadmi gaaCnia. Seswavlilia, rom pedofilTa umravlesobas<br />

mamakacebi Sead<strong>ge</strong>nen da qal-pedofilebze monacemebi TiTqmis ar arsebobs.<br />

21 igulisxmeba arakomerciuli seqsualuri eqspluatacia<br />

22 Beckett, R. (1994) 'Assessment of Sex Offenders' in T. Morrison, M. Erooga and R. Beckett (Eds.) Sexual<br />

Offending Against Children: Assessment and Treatment of Male Abusers, London: Routled<strong>ge</strong>.<br />

25

pedofilTa nawili mxolod gansazRvruli sqesis bavSvebzea<br />

fokusirebuli, nawils ki - gamokveTili <strong>ge</strong>nderuli interesi ara aqvs.<br />

gansxvavebulia pedofilTa qceviTi Tvisebebic: zogierTi maTgani<br />

sakuTari seqsualuri ltolvis dakmayofilebas fantaziis doneze axdens<br />

da aseT kategorias ZiriTadad bavSvTa pornografiis Semcveli<br />

produqciis momxmareblebi ganekuTvnebian; zogi ki - e.w. “arakontaqtur<br />

seqsualur kavSirs” amjobinebs, rac gamoixateba <strong>ge</strong>nitaliuri organoebis<br />

CvenebiT, bavSvTan saubriT seqsualur Temebze pornografiuli nimuSebis<br />

daTvalierebis CaTvliT, internetis meSveobiT bavSvebTan e.w.<br />

“virtualuri seqsualuri kontaqtis” damyarebiT da a.S. yvelaze<br />

“kriminalizirebul” pedofilebs Sead<strong>ge</strong>nen isini, vinc axdenen bavSvTa<br />

pirdapir seqsualur eqspluatacias kontaqturi penetraciis gziT.<br />

saerTaSoriso praqtikaSi pasiur pedofilebs ZiriTadad samedicino<br />

subieqtebad ganixilaven da maT <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> brZolas samkurnaloprofilaqtikuri<br />

meTodebiT ewevian. Tumca, es ar gamoricxavs maT<br />

dauqvemdebarebloas sisxlis samarTlis pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobisadmi Tundac<br />

bavSvTa beWdviTi an eleqtronuli (internetiT) pornografiuli<br />

nimuSebis moxmarebis SemTxvevaSi. gansakuTrebiT mkacria sasjeli<br />

pedofilTa sainterneto klubebis aqtivistTa mimarT. 23<br />

saqarTveloSi ar moipoveba cnobebi pedofilTa “xvedriTi wilis”<br />

Sesaxeb bavSvTa seqsualuri eqspluataciis SemTxvevebSi. SegviZlia<br />

mxolod vivaraudoT pedofilTa arseboba im msjavrdadebulTa Soris,<br />

romelTac brali “<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> gaupatiurebis” muxliT hqondaT (an<br />

aqvT) misjili. ar arsebobs aranairi iZulebiTi mkurnalobis, an sxva<br />

saxis fsiqologiur-samedicino programebi da samsaxurebi pedofiliis<br />

prevenciis mizniT. samarTaldamcavi organoebi ar floben<br />

meTodologiasa da instruqtaJs pasiur pedofilTa 24 moZiebis, aRricxvisa<br />

da profilaqtikuri RonisZiebebis Catarebis kuTxiT.<br />

23<br />

ase magaliTad, a.w. TebervalSi londonSi gaimarTa gaxmaurebuli sasamarTlo<br />

procesi 7 pedofilis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>, romelTac bralad edebodaT bavSvTa pornografiuli<br />

nimuSebis urTierTgacvla (arakomerciuli miznebiT) internetis meSveobiT. isini<br />

pedofilTa cnobili internet-klubis "Wonderland Club"-is wevrebi iyvnen da procesma<br />

mTeli msoflios yuradReba imiT miipyro, rom gansasjelebi iTxovdnen pedofiliis<br />

sruliad normalur movlenad aRiarebas. maT sasjelis maqsimumi – 3 wliT<br />

Tavisuflebis aRkveTa miesajaT. procesis dasrulebis Semdeg parlamentSi daiwyo axal<br />

kanonproeqtze muSaoba, romelic miznad isaxavs sasjelis gamkacrebas da Tavisuflebis<br />

aRkveTis 10 wlamde gazrdas.<br />

24 cnobilia, rom es kategoria xSirad Cndeba bavSvTa TavSeyris adgilebSi.<br />

26

preferenciuli eqspluatatori<br />

bavSvTa preferenciuli eqspluatatori gulisxmobs im zrdasrul pirTa<br />

kategorias, romlebic pedofilTa msgavsad, TavianTi qceviTi normebidan<br />

(modus operandi) gamomdinare adamianTa homo<strong>ge</strong>nur jgufs ar miekuTvnebian<br />

da seqsualur kavSirs bavSvebTan amjobineben. Tumca, maT<br />

pedofilebisagan gansxvavebiT, normaluri seqsualuri cxovrebac<br />

SeuZliaT. mkvlevarTa azriT, 25 es kategoria sam tipad unda daiyos:<br />

• “seduqtiuri” (macdunebelTa) modeluri jgufi, romelTa qmedebac<br />

ZiriTadad Taviseburi narcisizmiT motivirdeba. e.i. isini garkveulad<br />

sakuTar Tavs xedaven “ucodvel” bavSvSi da masTan gansakuTrebul<br />

emocionalur TviTidentifikacias axdenen seqsualuri kavSiris gziT.<br />

am tipis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nelTaTvis maxasiaTebelia manipulatorobis<br />

brwyinvale unari, raTa sxvadasxva meTodebiT, gansakuTrebuli<br />

yuradRebis gamoxatviTa Tu saCuqrebiT miizidon bavSvi, Tavi SeaCvion<br />

mas da etapobrivad “Seamzadon” igi sakuTari zraxvebis<br />

gansaxorcieleblad;<br />

• “introvertTa” modeluri jgufi, romelTac ar gaaCniaT wina<br />

jgufisaTvis maxasiaTebeli seduqtiuri da komunikaciuri unar-Cvevebi<br />

da romlebic cdiloben minimaluri sityvieri komunikaciis Semdeg<br />

moaxdinon msxverpli bavSvis eqspluatacia. am jgufis<br />

warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebi cdiloben ZiriTadad ucnob bavSvebTan daamyaron<br />

kontaqti.<br />

• sadisturi gadaxrebis mqone eqspluatatorTa modeluri jgufi,<br />

romlebic gansakuTrebul seqsualur kmayofilebas iReben TavianT<br />

msxverplTa fizikuri da fsiqologiuri tanjviT. am tipis<br />

eqspluatatori-damnaSaveni potenciurad yvelaze saSiSi kategoriaa,<br />

ramdenadac ar eridebian bavSvis mimarT Zaladobis yvelaze mZime<br />

formebis gamoyenebas Tavad bavSvis mkvlelobis CaTvliT.<br />

situaciuri eqspluatatori<br />

25 Julia O’Connell Davidson: Working document for the World Congress against Commercial Sexual Exploitation<br />

of Children. www.ecpat.net<br />

27

am kategorias miekuTvnebian orive sqesis srulwlovani pirebi, romelTac,<br />

bavSvebze fokusirebuli seqsualuri interesi, rogorc aseTi, ar<br />

gaaCniaT, magram uars ar amboben arasrulwlovanebTan seqsualur<br />

kontaqtze, Tuki es situaciurad SesaZlebeli xdeba. kerZod, Tu:<br />

• arasrulwlovanebi maTTvis seqsualuri TvalsazrisiT mimzidvelad<br />

gamoiyurebian (mag. naadrevad momwifebuli gogonebi gamoxatuli<br />

formebiT);<br />

• <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> aqseleraciis gamo situaciur eqspluatatorebs<br />

isini srulwlovanebi hgoniaT;<br />

• sxvadasxva mizezTa gamo (mocemul garemoSi srulwlovan partniorTa<br />

ararseboba, arasrulwlovan prostitutTa gansakuTrebuli<br />

misawvdomoba finansuri TvalsazrisiT da a.S.) arasrulwlovanebi<br />

seqsualuri survilebis dakmayofilebis erTaderT obieqts<br />

warmoad<strong>ge</strong>nen;<br />

• “seqsualuri eqsperimentis” mizniT. 26<br />

pedofilebisa da bavSvTa preferencialuri eqspluatatorebisagan<br />

gansaxvavebiT situaciuri eqspluatatorebi arasodes ganzrax da<br />

winaswar ar eZieben bavSvTan kontaqts da xSir SemTxvevaSi maTTvis<br />

ubralod sulerTia, seqsualuri partniori 14 wlis iqneba Tu 24-is.<br />

Sesabamisad es yvelaze naklebad “perversiuli” tipia Cvens mier moyvanil<br />

sam kategorias Soris. 27 AaRsaniSnavia, rom mravali 18 wlamde (ZiriTadad<br />

16-18 wlis asakis) pornomodelis gamosaxulebiT gamoyenebiT Seqmnili<br />

produqcia “normalur” momxmarebelzea gaTvlili da ara, vTqvaT,<br />

pedofilebze. Sesabamisad Tavs iCens sakiTxi, rom qronologiurad bavSvi,<br />

SesaZloa, seqsualurad da fizikurad sruliad zrdasruli iyos.<br />

mkvlevarTa azriT, aseT SemTxvevaSi maT seqsualur partniorebad miCneva<br />

da SerCeva normalur srulwlovanTa mier (“situaciuri<br />

eqspluatatorebis” CaTvliT), ar unda iyos ga<strong>ge</strong>buli, rogorc<br />

fsiqologiuri gadaxra (“aberantizmi”) am ukanasknelTa mxridan. 28<br />

26 Lanning, K. (1992) Child Sex Rings: A Behavioural Analysis, Virginia: National Centre for Missing and<br />

Exploited Children.<br />

27 Stoller, R. (1986) Perversion: The Erotic Form of Hatred, New York: Karnac.<br />

28 Browne, K. (1994), ‘Child Sexual Abuse’ in J. Archer (Ed.) Male Violence, London: Routled<strong>ge</strong>.<br />

28

sxva sakiTxia, Tu rogor xdeba aRniSnuli momentebis samarTlebrivi<br />

regulireba, anu rogor ganisazRvreba seqsualur kavSirze Tanxmobis<br />

minimaluri iuridiuli asaki.<br />

I.5. seqsualur kavSirze Tanxmobis minimaluri iuridiuli asaki<br />

bavSvis uflebaTa konvencia, misi oqmi, stokholmis deklaracia da<br />

bavSvis uflebebTan dakavSirebul sxva samarTlebrivi dokumentebi<br />

Seicaven rekomendacias, raTa kanonmdebelma gansazRvros bavSvis<br />

minimaluri iuridiuli asaki mis ama Tu im uflebasTan mimarTebaSi.<br />

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT bavSvis minimaluri iuridiuli seqsualuri<br />

asaki pirdapir gansazRvruli ar aris, magram samoqalaqo kodeqsi<br />

gansazRvravs saqorwino asaks 18 wliT, anu srulwlovanebis dadgomiT.<br />

amasTanave samoqalaqo kodeqsi iTvaliswinebs mTel rig mniSvnelovan<br />

gamonakliss, rodesac arasrulwlovani, rogorc qmedunariani piri<br />

sakuTari nebiTa da moqmedebiT srulad iZens da axorcielebs<br />

samoqalaqo uflebebsa da movaleobebs an maT garkveul wres. kerZod,<br />

samoqalaqo kodeqsis Tanaxmad, qmedunarianad iTvleba piri, romelic<br />

iqorwinebs 18 wlis asakis miRwevamde (me-12 muxlis me-3 nawili). es imas<br />

niSnavs, rom miuxedavad saqorwino asakis 18 wlis asakiT gansazRvrisa,<br />

mSoblebis an sxva kanonieri warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlis winaswari werilobiTi<br />

Tanxmobis SemTxvevaSi daqorwineba daiSveba 16 wlis asakidan. amgvarad,<br />

minimaluri saqorwino asaki d<strong>ge</strong>ba 16 wlidan. 29<br />

Tuki saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqssac moviSveliebT,<br />

SegviZlia davaskvnaT, rom Sesabamisad minimaluri seqsualuri asakic,<br />

anu nebayoflobiT seqsualur kavSirze Tanxmobis minimaluri asaki<br />

Sead<strong>ge</strong>ns 16 wels, ramdenadac 16 wlis asaks miuRwevelTan sqesobrivi<br />

kavSiri ukve sisxlis samarTlis qmedebad iTvleba. amasTanave gamodis,<br />

rom Tuki vTqvaT 16 wels TiTqmis miRweulma gogonam seqsualuri kavSiri<br />

29 samoqalaqo kodeqsi, kerZod misi 65-e muxli aseve iTvaliswinebs <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong><br />

emansipaciis sxva SesaZleblobebsac. kerZod, Tu kanonieri warmomad<strong>ge</strong>neli aniWebs 16<br />

wlis asaks miRweul adamians sawarmos damoukideblad gaZRolis uflebas, maSin am<br />

sferosaTvis Cveulebriv urTierTobebSi igi SeuzRudavad qmedunariani xdeba.<br />

29

sakuTari nebiT daamyara 18 wlis biWTan, maSin es ukanaskneli ss wesiT<br />

unda daisajos.<br />

ÓÓÓÊ. ÌÖáËÉ 140. ÓØÄÓÏÁÒÉÅÉ ÊÀÅÛÉÒÉ ÀÍ ÓÄØÓÖÀËÖÒÉ áÀÓÉÀÈÉÓ<br />

ÓáÅÀÂÅÀÒÉ ÌÏØÌÄÃÄÁÀ ÈÄØÅÓÌÄÔÉ ßËÉÓ ÀÓÀÊÓ ÌÉÖÙßÄÅÄËÈÀÍ<br />

ÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÓØÄÓÏÁÒÉÅÉ ÊÀÅÛÉÒÉ, ÌÀÌÀÈÌÀÅËÏÁÀ, ËÄÓÁÉÀÍÏÁÀ ÀÍ<br />

ÓáÅÀÂÅÀÒÉ ÓÄØÓÖÀËÖÒÉ ÊÏÍÔÀØÔÉ ÂÀÖÊÖÙÌÀÒÈÄÁÖËÉ ×ÏÒÌÉÈ<br />

ÃÀÌÍÀÛÀÅÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ ßÉÍÀÓßÀÒÉ ÛÄÝÍÏÁÉÈ ÈÄØÅÓÌÄÔÉ ßËÉÓ ÀÓÀÊÓ<br />

ÌÉÖÙßÄÅÄËÈÀÍ,-<br />

ÉÓãÄÁÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÛÄÆÙÖÃÅÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÓÀÌ ßËÀÌÃÄ ÀÍ ÔÖÓÀÙÏÁÉÈ<br />

ÅÀÃÉÈ ÓÀÌ ÈÅÄÌÃÄ ÀÍÃÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÓÀÌ ßËÀÌÃÄ.<br />

ÓÓÓÊ. ÌÖáËÉ 141. ÂÀÒÚÅÍÉËÉ ØÌÄÃÄÁÀ<br />

ÞÀËÀÃÏÁÉÓ ÂÀÒÄÛÄ ÂÀÒÚÅÍÉËÉ ØÌÄÃÄÁÀ ÃÀÌÍÀÛÀÅÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ ßÉÍÀÓßÀÒÉ<br />

ÛÄÝÍÏÁÉÈ ÈÄØÅÓÌÄÔÉ ßËÉÓ ÀÓÀÊÓ ÌÉÖÙßÄÅÄËÈÀÍ,-<br />

ÉÓãÄÁÀ ãÀÒÉÌÉÈ ÀÍ ÂÀÌÀÓßÏÒÄÁÄËÉ ÓÀÌÖÛÀÏÈÉ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÄÒÈ ßËÀÌÃÄ ÀÍÃÀ<br />

ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÏÒ ßËÀÌÃÄ.<br />

sainteresoa mokled mimovixiloT sxva qveynebis gamocdilebac<br />

minimaluri seqsualuri asakis gansazRvris kuTxiT.<br />

am TvalsazrisiT winamdebare cxrilSi davajgufeT mopovebuli<br />

maCveneblebi evropis sabWos wevr saxelmwifoTa magaliTze.<br />

seqsualur kavSirze Tanxmobis minimaluri iuridiuli asaki<br />

## saxelmwifo heteroseqsu lesbianuri mamaTmavloba<br />

aluri<br />

1. avstria 14 14 18<br />

2. belgia 16/18 30 16/18 16/18<br />

3. bulgareTi 14 14 14<br />

4. kviprosi 16 16 - 31<br />

5. CexeTi 15 15 15<br />

6. dania 15/18 15/18 15/18<br />

30 igulisxmeba partniorebis asakobrivi Sefardeba<br />

31<br />

kviprosis kanonmdeblobiT mamaTmavloba ikrZaleboda. am akrZalvis gauqmeba qveynis<br />

evropis sabWoSi gawevrianebis erT-erT winapirobas wasmoad<strong>ge</strong>nda da mimdinareobs<br />

muSaoba Sesabamisi sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebis gansaxorcieleblad.<br />

30

7. fineTi 16 18 18<br />

8. safran<strong>ge</strong>Ti 15/18 15/18 15/18<br />

9. <strong>ge</strong>rmania 14 14 14/18<br />

10. saberZneTi 15 15 15<br />

11. ungreTi 14 18 18<br />

12. islandia 14 14 14<br />

13. irlandia 17 17 17<br />

14. italia 14/16 14/16 14/16<br />

15. lixtenSteini 14 14 18<br />

16. luqsemburgi 16 16 16<br />

17. malta 12/18 12/18 12/18<br />

18. niderlandebi 12/16 12/16 12/16<br />

19. norvegia 16 16 16<br />

20. poloneTi 15 15 15<br />

21. portugalia 16 16 16<br />

22. san marino 14/16 14/16 14/16<br />

23. slovakia 15 15 15<br />

24. espaneTi 12/18 12/18 12/18<br />

25. Svecia 15 15 15<br />

26. Sveicaria 16/20 16/20 16/20<br />

27. TurqeTi 18 18 18<br />

28. didi britaneTi 16 16 18<br />

rogorc vxedavT, seqsualur kavSirze Tanxmobis minimaluri iuridiuli<br />

asaki mocemul saxelmwifoebSi meryeobs 12-dan 18 wlamde. aseve naTelia,<br />

rom yvelaze dabal asakobriv maCvenebels (espaneTi, malta,<br />

niderlandebi) aucileblad erTvis partnioris asakis maqsimaluri<br />

zRvruli daSvebuloba.<br />

msoflio sakanonmdeblo praqtikaSi 16 weli miiCneva seqsualuri<br />

simwifis zogad saSualo asakad, magram aseve miRebuli normaa<br />

partnioris zeda asakobrivi zRvaris SezRudvac. ase magaliTad,<br />

Sveicaruli kanonmdeblobis mixedviT 16 wlis asakis pirsa da mis<br />

partniors Soris asakobrivi gansxvaveba ar unda aRematebodes 3 wels.<br />

31

norvegiis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis mixedviT 16 wlis asakis pirTan<br />

seqsualuri kavSiris damyareba mxolod mis Tanatols SeuZlia.<br />

SesaZloa, vifiqroT saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi 16-dan 18 wlamde<br />

asakis pirTan seqsualuri kavSiris damyarebis an qorwinebis SemTxvevaSi<br />

partnioris maqsimaluri asakis zRvruli maCveneblis SemoRebis<br />

mizanSewonilobaze.<br />

seqsualuri eqspluataciis mizniT adamianTa trefikingi, evropis sabWos<br />

ministrTa komitetis mier 2000 wlis 19 maiss miRebuli rekomendacia # R<br />

(2000) 11 da ganmartebiTi memorandumi: “arasrulwlovnebis SemTxvevaSi<br />

yovelgvari sqesobrivi aqti dasjadia. zogierT evropul<br />

kanonmdeblobaSi arasrulwlovnis Tanxmoba SesaZloa ganxilul iqnas<br />

minimaluri seqsualuri asakis zemoT. am asakis zemoT mosamarTleebs<br />

rCebaT Sefasebis ufleba, SeeZlo Tu ara arasrulwlovans Tanxmobis<br />

gamoxatva. amitomac aq gaTvaliswinebuli situaciebi Zalzed<br />

sxvadasxvagvaria: SesaZloa saqme gvqondes seqsualuri eqspluataciis<br />

mizniT qalebis motacebasTan, bavSvebis cdunebasTan pedofiliis an<br />

prostituciis rgolebisaTvis, sutiniorebis mier meZavebis kontrolis<br />

qveS SenarCunebis mizniT Cadenil ZaladobasTan, srulwlovanis an<br />

mozrdilis zemgrZnobelobis borotad gamoyenebasTan, romelic SesaZloa<br />

iyos an ar iyos seqsualuri Tavdasxmis msxverpli, an ufro martivad, im<br />

mozardis aramdgradi mdgomareobis an siRaribis borotad gamoyenebasTan,<br />

romelsac imedi aqvs rom gaiumjobesebs Tavis da ojaxis mdgomareobas.<br />

magram es gansxvavebuli SemTxvevebi im movlenis xarisxis TvalsazrisiT<br />

ufro gansxvavdebian vidre bunebiT, romelsac yovelTvis SeiZleba<br />

ewodos trefikingi da romelic aseTi meTodebis gamoyenebas”<br />

32

I.6. bavSvTa prostitucia, pornografia da seqs-turizmi<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> konteqstSi<br />

1.6.1. <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> prostitucia<br />

saqarTveloSi <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> prostituciis gavrcelebis realuri<br />

statistika ar arsebobs. samecniero seqtori TiTqmis ar awarmoebs<br />

problemis sociologiur-analitikur kvlevas. arasamTavrobo<br />

organizaciebis Zalisxmevac problemis sistemuri Seswavlisa da<br />

monitoringis TvalsazrisiT sakmaod mwiria, calkeuli erTjeradi saxis<br />

RonisZiebebis garda.<br />

ukanaskneli oficialuri statistikuri monacemebis mixedviT<br />

saqarTvelos Sinagan saministroSi 50 arasrulwlovani prostituti iyo<br />

registrirebuli. gasul wlebSi moqmedi saprezidento programa<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> danaSaulis acilebis Sesaxeb iTvaliswinebda<br />

arasrulwlovan prostitutTaTvis specialuri sareabilitacio centris<br />

Seqmnas, rac ar ganxorcielebula.<br />

ukanasknel periodSi saqarTveloSi TiTqmis ar Catarebula arc erTi<br />

kompleqsuri kvleva <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> prostituciis Sesaxeb sakiTxis<br />

sociologiuri, fsiqologiuri, viqtimologiuri, kriminologiuri Tu<br />

samedicino aspeqtebis Seswavlisa da analizis mizniT.<br />

gasul wlebSi Catarebuli calkeuli mciremasStabiani sociologiuri<br />

gamokvlevebis mixedviT, saqarTveloSi gavrcelebulia orive sqesis<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> prostitucia da prostituti bavSvebi TavianTi<br />

Semosavlis umetes nawils e.w. suteniorebs uxdian. TbilisSi 12-16 wlis<br />

112 prostitutisa da 60 mSoblis ramdenime wlis win Catarebuli<br />

gamokiTxvis Sedegad gamovlinda gogonaTa sami jgufi: mxolod<br />

prostituciT dakavebuli gogonebi, romelTac respodentTa 42 %<br />

Seadgines; gogonebi, romlebic prostitucias uTavseben maTxovrobasa da<br />

qurdobas da am kategoriis prostitutebma respodentTa 32 % Seadgines;<br />

sxva prostituti gogonebi, romlebic imavdroulad sxva saxis SromiTi<br />

saqmianobiTac arian dakavebulni. maTi asaki saSualod 13 welia.<br />

gogonebis erTi mesamedi Tavisi ojaxebis erTaderTi marCenalia. am<br />

kategoriis gogonebTan kontaqtSi Sesvla ufro iolia da isini arc ise<br />

33

agresiulebi arian. gamokiTxuli gogonebis umravlesoba Tbiliseli iyo.<br />

maTi 8-20 % wera-kiTxvis ucodinaria, xolo 3-12 %-s wera-kiTxva uWirs.<br />

bavSvTa prostitucias saqarTveloSi organizebuli xasiaTi aqvs, igi ukve<br />

vertikalur Tu horizontalur doneebze kargad organizebuli biznesis<br />

niSnebsac iZens. am problemis axna da miT umetes gamarTleba ar SeiZleba<br />

xdebodes mxolod mZime socialur-ekonomikuri faqtorebis moSveliebiT.<br />

arasrulyofili sakanonmdeblo bazis gamo saqarTvelos sisxlis<br />

samarTlis kodeqsSi arsebuli norma <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> prostituciaSi<br />

Cabmis Sesaxeb fiqtiur xasiaTs atarebs da ukanasknel wlebSi am muxliT<br />

sisxlis samarTlis arc erTi saqme ar aRZrula. amasTanave kanoni<br />

erTnair pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobas awesebs rogorc, srulwlovnis, aseve<br />

arasrulwlovnis prostituciaSi CabmisaTvis da ar iTvaliswinebs, rom<br />

dasjadi unda iyos arasrulwlovnis prostituciaSi Tundac iZulebiTi<br />

meTodebis gareSe Cabma.<br />

sadReisod saqarTveloSi prostitucia administraciul<br />

samarTaldarRvevaTad iTvleba da administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa<br />

kodeqsis 172(3)–e muxlis mixedviT: “ÐÒÏÓÔÉÔÖÝÉÀ, – ÂÀÌÏÉßÅÄÅÓ<br />

ÂÀ×ÒÈáÉËÄÁÀÓ ÀÍ ÃÀãÀÒÉÌÄÁÀÓ ÛÒÏÌÉÓ ÀÍÀÆÙÀÖÒÄÁÉÓ ÍÀáÄÅÀÒ<br />

ÌÉÍÉÌÀËÖÒ ÏÃÄÍÏÁÀÌÃÄ. ÉÂÉÅÄ ØÌÄÃÄÁÀ, ÜÀÃÄÍÉËÉ ÂÀÍÌÄÏÒÄÁÉÈ,<br />

ÀÃÌÉÍÉÓÔÒÀÝÉÖËÉ ÓÀáÃÄËÉÓ ÃÀÃÄÁÉÃÀÍ ÄÒÈÉ ßËÉÓ ÂÀÍÌÀÅËÏÁÀÛÉ, –<br />

ÂÀÌÏÉßÅÄÅÓ ÃÀãÀÒÉÌÄÁÀÓ ÛÒÏÌÉÓ ÀÍÀÆÙÀÖÒÄÁÉÓ ÍÀáÄÅÒÉÃÀÍ ÄÒÈ<br />

ÌÉÍÉÌÀËÖÒ ÏÃÄÍÏÁÀÌÃÄ”. ÀÃÌÉÍÉÓÔÒÀÝÉÖËÉ ÐÀÓÖáÉÓÌÂÄÁËÏÁÉÓÀÂÀÍ<br />

ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÃÄÁÉÀÍ ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ) ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÉ ÃÀ<br />

ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÉÓáËÉÓ ÓÀÌÀÒÈËÉÓ ÊÏÃÄØÓÉÓ 143 1 ÀÍ/ÃÀ 143 2 ÌÖáËÉÈ<br />

ÂÀÈÅÀËÉÓßÉÍÄÁÖË ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÆÄ ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖËÀà ÝÍÏÁÉËÉ ÐÉÒÉ, ÈÖ<br />

ÀÙÍÉÛÍÖËÉ ØÌÄÃÄÁÀ ÌÀÈ ÜÀÉÃÉÍÄÓ ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ)<br />

ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÀà ÚÏ×ÍÉÓ ÂÀÌÏ ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ)<br />

ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÉÓ ÓÔÀÔÖÓÉÓ ÌÏÐÏÅÄÁÀÌÃÄ. (28.04.2006. N2952)<br />

rac Seexeba saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis mier prostituciis sisxlis<br />

samarTlebrivi aspeqtebis regulirebas, sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis<br />

mixedviT danaSaulad iTvleba:<br />

ÌÖáËÉ 253. ÐÒÏÓÔÉÔÖÝÉÀÛÉ ÜÀÁÌÀ<br />

1. ÐÒÏÓÔÉÔÖÝÉÀÛÉ ÜÀÁÌÀ ÞÀËÀÃÏÁÉÈ, ÞÀËÀÃÏÁÉÓ ÀÍ ØÏÍÄÁÉÓ<br />

ÂÀÍÀÃÂÖÒÄÁÉÓ ÌÖØÀÒÉÈ, ÛÀÍÔÀÑÉÈ ÀÍ ÌÏÔÚÖÄÁÉÈ, -ÉÓãÄÁÀ ãÀÒÉÌÉÈ ÀÍ<br />

34

ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÏÒ ßËÀÌÃÄ. 2. ÉÂÉÅÄ ØÌÄÃÄÁÀ,<br />

ÜÀÃÄÍÉËÉ ÏÒÂÀÍÉÆÄÁÖËÉ ãÂÖ×ÉÓ ÌÉÄÒ ÀÍ ßÉÍÀÓßÀÒÉ ÛÄÝÍÏÁÉÈ<br />

ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÌÉÌÀÒÈ, – -ÉÓãÄÁÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ<br />

áÖÈÉÃÀÍ ÛÅÉà ßËÀÌÃÄ. (20.06.2003 N 2458)<br />

ÌÖáËÉ 254. ÐÒÏÓÔÉÔÖÝÉÉÓÈÅÉÓ ÀÃÂÉËÉÓ ÀÍ ÓÀÝáÏÅÒÄÁËÉÓ ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÀ -<br />

ÉÓãÄÁÀ ãÀÒÉÌÉÈ ÀÍ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÏÒÉÃÀÍ ÏÈá ßËÀÌÃÄ.<br />

ganvixiloT <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> prostituciasTan dakavSirebuli<br />

samarTlebrivi normebi.<br />

gaupatiureba, rogorc sisxlis samarTlis danaSauli, arc Tu irib<br />

kavSirSia bavSvTa prostituciasTan. rogorc msoflios mraval qveyanaSi<br />

Catarebuli sociologiur-analitikuri kvlevebi mowmoben,<br />

arasrulwlovanT prostitutTa 60 % amgvar saqmianobas swored adreul<br />

asakSi gaupatiurebis Sedegad iwyebs.<br />

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 137-e muxlis mixedviT 14-dan<br />

18 wlamde arasrulwlovnis gaupatiureba isjeba Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT<br />

vadiT 5-dan 10 wlamde, 14 wlamde arasrulwlovnis ki – 10-dan 20 wlamde.<br />

saqarTvelos ssk 138-e muxliT awesebs pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobas seqsualuri<br />

xasiaTis ZalmomreobiT moqmedebaze:<br />

1. ÌÀÌÀÈÌÀÅËÏÁÀ, ËÄÓÁÉÀÍÏÁÀ ÀÍ ÓáÅÀÂÅÀÒÉ ÓÄØÓÖÀËÖÒÉ ÊÏÍÔÀØÔÉ<br />

ÂÀÖÊÖÙÌÀÒÈÄÁÖËÉ ×ÏÒÌÉÈ, ÜÀÃÄÍÉËÉ ÞÀËÀÃÏÁÉÈ, ÞÀËÀÃÏÁÉÓ ÌÖØÀÒÉÈ ÀÍ<br />

ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖËÉÓ ÖÌßÄÏÁÉÓ ÂÀÌÏÚÄÍÄÁÉÈ,- ÉÓãÄÁÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ<br />

ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÓÀÌÉÃÀÍ ÛÅÉà ßËÀÌÃÄ.<br />

2. ÉÂÉÅÄ ØÌÄÃÄÁÀ, ÜÀÃÄÍÉËÉ:<br />

À) ÀÒÀÄÒÈÂÆÉÓ;<br />

Á) ÉÌÉÓ ÌÉÄÒ, ÅÉÓÀÝ ÀÃÒÄ ÜÀÃÄÍÉËÉ äØÏÍÃÀ ÀÌ ÊÏÃÄØÓÉÓ 137-Ä, 138-<br />

Ä ÃÀ 141-Ä ÌÖáËÄÁÉÈ ÂÀÈÅÀËÉÓßÉÍÄÁÖËÉ ÒÏÌÄËÉÌÄ ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÉ;<br />

Â) ÃÀÌÍÀÛÀÅÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ ßÉÍÀÓßÀÒÉ ÛÄÝÍÏÁÉÈ ÏÒÓÖËÉ ØÀËÉÓ ÀÍ<br />

ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÌÉÌÀÒÈ,-<br />

ÉÓãÄÁÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ áÖÈÉÃÀÍ ÈáÖÈÌÄÔ ßËÀÌÃÄ.<br />

3. ÓÄØÓÖÀËÖÒÉ áÀÓÉÀÈÉÓ ÞÀËÌÏÌÒÄÏÁÉÈÉ ÌÏØÌÄÃÄÁÀ:<br />

À) ÉÌÉÓ ÌÉÌÀÒÈ, ÅÉÓÀÝ ÀÒ ÛÄÓÒÖËÄÁÉÀ ÈÏÈáÌÄÔÉ ßÄËÉ;<br />

Á) ãÂÖ×ÖÒÀÃ;<br />

Â) ÒÀÌÀÝ ÂÀÖ×ÒÈáÉËÄÁËÏÁÉÈ ÂÀÌÏÉßÅÉÀ ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖËÉÓ ÓÉÝÏÝáËÉÓ<br />

ÌÏÓÐÏÁÀ;<br />

35

Ã) ÒÀÌÀÝ ÂÀÖ×ÒÈáÉËÄÁËÏÁÉÈ ÂÀÌÏÉßÅÉÀ ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖËÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ ÛÉÃÓÉÓ<br />

ÛÄÚÒÀ, ÌÉÓÉ ãÀÍÌÒÈÄËÏÁÉÓ ÌÞÉÌÄ ÃÀÆÉÀÍÄÁÀ ÀÍ ÓáÅÀ ÌÞÉÌÄ ÛÄÃÄÂÉ;<br />

Ä) ÂÀÍÓÀÊÖÈÒÄÁÖËÉ ÓÉÓÀÓÔÉÊÉÈ;<br />

Å) ÓÀÌÓÀáÖÒÄÁÒÉÅÉ ÌÃÂÏÌÀÒÄÏÁÉÓ ÂÀÌÏÚÄÍÄÁÉÈ,-<br />

ÉÓãÄÁÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÀÈÉÃÀÍ ÏÝ ßËÀÌÃÄ.<br />

ÌÖáËÉ 139. ÓØÄÓÏÁÒÉÅÉ ÊÀÅÛÉÒÉÓ ÀÍ ÓÄØÓÖÀËÖÒÉ áÀÓÉÀÈÉÓ ÓáÅÀÂÅÀÒÉ<br />

ÌÏØÌÄÃÄÁÉÓ ÉÞÖËÄÁÀ<br />

ÓØÄÓÏÁÒÉÅÉ ÊÀÅÛÉÒÉÓ, ÌÀÌÀÈÌÀÅËÏÁÉÓ, ËÄÓÁÉÀÍÏÁÉÓ ÀÍ ÓáÅÀÂÅÀÒÉ<br />

ÓÄØÓÖÀËÖÒÉ ÊÏÍÔÀØÔÉÓ ÉÞÖËÄÁÀ ÓÀáÄËÂÀÌÔÄáÉ ÝÍÏÁÉÓ ÂÀáÌÀÖÒÄÁÉÓ ÀÍ<br />

ØÏÍÄÁÒÉÅÉ ÃÀÆÉÀÍÄÁÉÓ ÌÖØÀÒÉÈ, ÀÍÃÀ ÌÀÔÄÒÉÀËÖÒÉ, ÓÀÌÓÀáÖÒÄÁÒÉÅÉ<br />

ÀÍ ÓáÅÀÂÅÀÒÉ ÃÀÌÏÊÉÃÄÁÖËÄÁÉÓ ÂÀÌÏÚÄÍÄÁÉÈ,-<br />

ÉÓãÄÁÀ ãÀÒÉÌÉÈ ÀÍ ÂÀÌÀÓßÏÒÄÁÄËÉ ÓÀÌÖÛÀÏÈÉ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÄÒÈ ßËÀÌÃÄ ÀÍÃÀ<br />

ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÏÒ ßËÀÌÃÄ.<br />

vfiqrobT, rom ssk 139-e muxls sqesobrivi kavSiris an seqsualuri<br />

xasiaTis sxvagvari moqmedebis iZulebis Sesaxeb damamZimebel garemoebad<br />

unda daematos arasrulwlovnis iZuleba sqesobrivi kavSiris,<br />

mamaTmavlobis, lesbianobis an sxvagvari seqsualuri kontaqtisadmi<br />

materialuri damokidebulebis gamoyenebis, an Tundac mSoblebis<br />

saxelgamtexi cnobis gaxmaurebiT SantaJis SemTxvevebSi. sasurvelia<br />

dakonkretdes “an sxvagvari damokidebuleba”.<br />

ssk-s 140-e da 141-e muxlebi iTvaliswineben pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobas 16 wels<br />

miuRwevel <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong>n seqsualuri xasiaTis sxvadasxvagvari<br />

moqmedebebisa da garyvnili qmedebisaTvis:<br />

ÌÖáËÉ 140. ÓØÄÓÏÁÒÉÅÉ ÊÀÅÛÉÒÉ ÀÍ ÓÄØÓÖÀËÖÒÉ áÀÓÉÀÈÉÓ ÓáÅÀÂÅÀÒÉ<br />

ÌÏØÌÄÃÄÁÀ ÈÄØÅÓÌÄÔÉ ßËÉÓ ÀÓÀÊÓ ÌÉÖÙßÄÅÄËÈÀÍ<br />

ÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÓØÄÓÏÁÒÉÅÉ ÊÀÅÛÉÒÉ, ÌÀÌÀÈÌÀÅËÏÁÀ, ËÄÓÁÉÀÍÏÁÀ ÀÍ<br />

ÓáÅÀÂÅÀÒÉ ÓÄØÓÖÀËÖÒÉ ÊÏÍÔÀØÔÉ ÂÀÖÊÖÙÌÀÒÈÄÁÖËÉ ×ÏÒÌÉÈ<br />

ÃÀÌÍÀÛÀÅÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ ßÉÍÀÓßÀÒÉ ÛÄÝÍÏÁÉÈ ÈÄØÅÓÌÄÔÉ ßËÉÓ ÀÓÀÊÓ<br />

ÌÉÖÙßÄÅÄËÈÀÍ,-<br />

ÉÓãÄÁÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÛÄÆÙÖÃÅÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÓÀÌ ßËÀÌÃÄ ÀÍ ÔÖÓÀÙÏÁÉÈ<br />

ÅÀÃÉÈ ÓÀÌ ÈÅÄÌÃÄ ÀÍÃÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÓÀÌ ßËÀÌÃÄ.<br />

ÌÖáËÉ 141. ÂÀÒÚÅÍÉËÉ ØÌÄÃÄÁÀ<br />

36

ÞÀËÀÃÏÁÉÓ ÂÀÒÄÛÄ ÂÀÒÚÅÍÉËÉ ØÌÄÃÄÁÀ ÃÀÌÍÀÛÀÅÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ ßÉÍÀÓßÀÒÉ<br />

ÛÄÝÍÏÁÉÈ ÈÄØÅÓÌÄÔÉ ßËÉÓ ÀÓÀÊÓ ÌÉÖÙßÄÅÄËÈÀÍ,-<br />

ÉÓãÄÁÀ ãÀÒÉÌÉÈ ÀÍ ÂÀÌÀÓßÏÒÄÁÄËÉ ÓÀÌÖÛÀÏÈÉ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÄÒÈ ßËÀÌÃÄ ÀÍÃÀ<br />

ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÏÒ ßËÀÌÃÄ.<br />

mizanSewonilad migvaCnia ssk 141 muxlSi “garyvnili qmedebis”<br />

ganmartebis Semotanac. SesaZloa gaviTvaliswinoT ucxouri<br />

sakanonmdeblo praqtikac, sadac analogiuri situaciisas yovelTvis<br />

xdeba mkafio definicireba, mag. iZulebiTi masturbacia, analuri da<br />

oraluri kontaqtebi, <strong>ge</strong>nitaluri mutilacia, sado-mazoxisturi<br />

“TamaSebi”, eqsibicionizmi, voierizmi da ase Semdeg.<br />

Tavad arasrulwlovnis Cabma prostituciaSi an sxva seqsualur<br />

garyvnilebaSi, rogorc danaSaulis saxe, saqarTvelos ssk-s 171-e muxlSi<br />

antisazogadoebriv qmedebaSi arasrulwlovnis Cabmis erT-erT<br />

Semad<strong>ge</strong>nel saxeobad aris miCneuli:<br />

ÌÖáËÉ 171. ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÜÀÁÌÀ ÀÍÔÉÓÀÆÏÂÀÃÏÄÁÒÉÅ ØÌÄÃÄÁÀÛÉ<br />

1. ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÃÀÚÏËÉÄÁÀ ÌÀÈáÏÅÒÏÁÀÆÄ ÀÍ ÓáÅÀ<br />

ÀÍÔÉÓÀÆÏÂÀÃÏÄÁÒÉÅ ØÌÄÃÄÁÀÆÄ,- ÉÓãÄÁÀ ÓÀÆÏÂÀÃÏÄÁÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ<br />

ÓÀÓÀÒÂÄÁËÏ ÛÒÏÌÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÀÓ ÓÀÌÏÝÃÀÀÈÉÃÀÍ ÏÒÀÓ ÏÒÌÏÝ ÓÀÀÈÀÌÃÄ ÀÍ<br />

ÂÀÌÀÓßÏÒÄÁÄËÉ ÓÀÌÖÛÀÏÈÉ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÏÒ ßËÀÌÃÄ ÀÍÃÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ<br />

ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÏÒ ßËÀÌÃÄ.<br />

2. ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÜÀÁÌÀ ÂÀÌÀÁÒÖÄÁÄË ÀÍ ÓÀÌÊÖÒÍÀËßÀÌËÏ<br />

ÓÀÛÖÀËÄÁÀÈÀ ÀÒÀÓÀÌÄÃÉÝÉÍÏ ÌÏáÌÀÒÄÁÀÛÉ,- ÉÓãÄÁÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ<br />

ÛÄÆÙÖÃÅÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÓÀÌ ßËÀÌÃÄ ÀÍ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÓÀÌ<br />

ßËÀÌÃÄ.<br />

3. ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÜÀÁÌÀ ÐÒÏÓÔÉÔÖÝÉÀÛÉ ÞÀËÀÃÏÁÉÓ, ÞÀËÀÃÏÁÉÓ<br />

ÌÖØÀÒÉÓ ÀÍ ÌÏÔÚÖÄÁÉÓ ÂÀÒÄÛÄ,- ÉÓãÄÁÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ<br />

ÏÒÉÃÀÍ áÖÈ ßËÀÌÃÄ.<br />

1.6.2 arasrulwlovanT pornografia<br />

saqarTveloSi bavSvTa pornografiis nimuSebis damzadebasTan, Senaxvasa<br />

da gavrcelebasTan dakavSirebiT cnobebi ar moipoveba. saqarTvelos<br />

kanonmdeblobaSi arsebuli norma <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> pornografiis<br />

37

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> sakmaod mwiria. MkanonmdeblobisaTvis aseve ucnobia<br />

meqanizmebi internetiT gavrcelebuli bavSvTa pornografiis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong><br />

da zogadad <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> informaciuli usafrTxoebis dacva<br />

internetiT gavrcelebuli sxva mavne zegavlenis mqone masalebisagan.<br />

saWiroa umkacresi prevenciuli zomebis miReba, raTa qarTvel bavSvTa<br />

pornografiuli nimuSebis komerciuli Tu arakomerciuli gavrceleba<br />

internetiT realur problemad ar iqces. Aamgvari problemis albaToba<br />

ki sakmaod didia, radganac interpolis monacemebiT internetiT<br />

gavrcelebuli bavSvTa pornografiuli nimuSebis 70 procentze meti<br />

swored dsT-s qveynebis arasrulwlovnebze modis.<br />

pornografiuli nimuSebis gavrcelebis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong> regulireba<br />

samarTlis ramdenime dargis sferoSi unda moviazroT:<br />

• saerTaSoriso samarTali, romelic ayalibebs regulirebis ZiriTad<br />

principebs mTels msoflioSi;<br />

• sisxlis samarTali, romlis normebic krZalavs calkeuli kategoriis<br />

pornografiuli nimuSebis damzadebas, Senaxvas, moxmarebasa da<br />

gavrcelebas;<br />

• saavtoro samarTali, romelic icavs legaluri pornografiuli<br />

nimuSebis avtorTa uflebebs da krZalavs maTi aralegaluri gziT<br />

gavrcelebas;<br />

• samewarmeo (sagadasaxados CaTvliT) samarTali, romelic<br />

aregulirebs urTierTobebs legaluri pornografiuli produqciis<br />

komerciuli mimoqcevis sferoSi;<br />

• sabaJo samarTali, romelic e<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>eba mocemul saxelmwifoSi<br />

aralegaluri pornografiuli produqciis Semotanas;<br />

• administraciuli samarTali, romelic aregulirebs<br />

samarTaldarRvevebs pornografiuli produqciis legaluri<br />

mimoqcevis dros;<br />

• samoqalaqo samarTali, romlis normebic warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns sagarantio<br />

saSualebas cenzuris gareSe sakanonmdeblo wesiT raimes akrZalvis<br />

TvalsazrisiT, aseve ayalibebs pornografiiT miyenebuli moraluri<br />

zaralis mdgomareobas.<br />

38

avSvTa pornografia, bunebrivia saerTaSoriso samarTlis<br />

gansakuTrebuli yuradRebis centrSia da detalurad analizdeba gaero-s<br />

bavSvTa uflebebis konvenciaSi, konvenciis 2000 wlis fakultaturi<br />

oqmSi, stokholmis deklaraciaSi, gaero-s adamianis uflebaTa komisiis<br />

1992 wlis programaSi, gaero-s SekveTiT oqsfordis universitetis mier<br />

momzadebul 1999 wlis angariSSi “msoflioSi damnaSaveobisa da<br />

marTlmsajulebis Sesaxeb”, bavSvis uflebaTa afrikul qartiasa da sxva<br />

dokumentebSi.<br />

msoflioSi pornografiis Sesaxeb mimdinare sakanonmdeblo debatebSi<br />

yvela Tanxmdeba mxolod erT sakiTxze: aucilebelia bavSvTa<br />

pornografiisa da internetSi bavSvTa pornografiis umkacresi<br />

kriminalizacia. Sesabamisad saerTaSoriso organizaciebis mier Tavad<br />

pornografiasTan SedarebiT gacilebiT ukeT regulirdeba bavSvTa<br />

pornografiis definiciis sakiTxic.<br />

evropis sabWos ganmartebiT, bavSvTa pornografia aris "is audiovizualuri<br />

masala, romelSidac bavSvi seqsualur konteqstSia<br />

gamoyenebuli". 32<br />

interpolis mier 1993 wels miRebuli rekomendaciebis mixedviT, bavSvTa<br />

pornografia ganixileboda, rogorc "bavSvis seqsualuri eqspluataciis<br />

amsaxveli vizualuri gamosaxuleba, romelic fokusirebulia bavSvis<br />

seqsualuri qcevis, an misi <strong>ge</strong>nitaliebis Cvenebaze". 33<br />

mogvianebiT interpolis definiciam amgvari saxe miiRo: "bavSvTa<br />

pornografia aris bavSvis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> Cadenili eqspluataciis an<br />

seqsualuri damcirebis Sedegi. bavSvTa pornografias adgili aqvs<br />

bavSvis seqsualuri damcirebis amsaxveli an misi xelSemwyobi yvela<br />

saxis saSualebis gamoyenebisas, beWdviTi da/an audio masalebis CaTvliT,<br />

romlebic gamosaxaven seqsualur qmedebebs, an bavSvTa <strong>ge</strong>nitaliur<br />

organoebs". 34<br />

32 Council of Europe, Recommendation R(91)11 and Report of the European Committee on Crime Problems (1993).<br />

33 Interpol Recommendations on Offences Against Minors, INTERPOL 61st General Assembly<br />

(1995).<br />

34 http://www.escap-hrd.org/cedc/csec4.htm<br />

39

stokholmis kongresis mier damtkicebuli samuSao definicia bavSvTa<br />

pornografias gansazRvravda, rogorc "bavSvTa gamosaxulebis daufarav<br />

seqsualur reproduqcirebas". 35<br />

gaero-s <strong>ge</strong>neraluri asambleis mier miRebuli definiciiT, "bavSvTa<br />

pornografia aris "nebismieri saxis vizualuri an audio masala, sadac<br />

xdeba bavSvis seqsualur konteqstSi gamoyeneba. igi Seicavs namdvil Tu<br />

simulirebul, Ria seqsualur scenebSi bavSvis monawileobis vizualur<br />

gamosaxvas, an momxmareblis seqsualuri moTxovnilebis dakmayofilebis<br />

mizniT bavSvis <strong>ge</strong>nitaliuri organoebis Cvenebas, aseve amgvari masalebis<br />

damzadebas, gavrcelebasa da moxmarebas". 36<br />

gaero-s bavSvis uflebaTa konvenciis fakultaturi oqmi bavSvebiT<br />

vaWrobis, bavSvTa prostituciisa da bavSvTa pornografiis Sesaxeb me-2<br />

muxlSi bavSvTa pornografias gansazRvravs, rogorc "bavSvis gamosaxvas<br />

realuri Tu modelirebuli Ria seqsualuri moqmedebebis procesSi, an<br />

seqsualuri miznebisaTvis bavSvis sasqeso organoebis Cvenebas". 37<br />

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis definiciiT "bavSvTa pornografia<br />

aris momxmareblis seqsualuri moTxovnilebis dakmayofilebis mizniT<br />

namdvil Tu simulirebul Ria seqsualur scenebSi bavSvis monawileobis<br />

amsaxveli masalebis prezentacia filmebis, nabeWdi produqciis,<br />

fotografiis, audio firebis, cifruli kompiuteruli kamerebis<br />

meSveobiT, aseve amgvari masalebis damzadeba, gavrceleba da moxmareba".<br />

38<br />

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi pornografiis maregulirebeli normebi<br />

asaxulia sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi:<br />

ÌÖáËÉ 255. ÐÏÒÍÏÂÒÀ×ÉÖËÉ ÍÀßÀÒÌÏÄÁÉÓ ÀÍ ÓáÅÀ ÓÀÂÍÉÓ ÖÊÀÍÏÍÏÃ<br />

ÃÀÌÆÀÃÄÁÀ ÀÍ ÂÀÓÀÙÄÁÀ (03.06.2005 N 1584)<br />

1. ÐÏÒÍÏÂÒÀ×ÉÖËÉ ÍÀßÀÒÌÏÄÁÉÓ, ÍÀÁÄàÃÉ ÂÀÌÏÝÄÌÉÓ, ÂÀÌÏÓÀáÖËÄÁÉÓ<br />

ÀÍ ÐÏÒÍÏÂÒÀ×ÉÖËÉ áÀÓÉÀÈÉÓ ÓáÅÀ ÓÀÂÍÉÓ ÖÊÀÍÏÍÏà ÃÀÌÆÀÃÄÁÀ,<br />

ÂÀÅÒÝÄËÄÁÀ ÀÍ ÒÄÊËÀÌÉÒÄÁÀ, ÀÂÒÄÈÅÄ ÀÓÄÈÉ ÓÀÂÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÀ ÀÍÃÀ<br />

35 Kenneth V. Lanning, Child Molesters: A behavioural analysis (1992)<br />

36 UN General Assembly Document A/50/456, Pa<strong>ge</strong> 6.<br />

37 Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child<br />

pornography Adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession by General Assembly resolution<br />

A/RES/54/263 of 25 May 2000: http://untreaty.un.org/English/notpubl/iv-11c_ru.htm<br />

38 WHO, 1996:10<br />

40

ÌÉÓÉ ÛÄÍÀáÅÀ ÂÀÚÉÃÅÉÓ ÀÍ ÂÀÅÒÝÄËÄÁÉÓ ÌÉÆÍÉÈ, – -ÉÓãÄÁÀ ãÀÒÉÌÉÈ<br />

ÀÍ ÂÀÌÀÓßÏÒÄÁÄËÉ ÓÀÌÖÛÀÏÈÉ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÏÒ ßËÀÌÃÄ ÀÍÃÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ<br />

ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÉÌÀÅÄ ÅÀÃÉÈ.<br />

2. ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÂÀÌÏÓÀáÖËÄÁÉÓ ÛÄÌÝÅÄËÉ ÐÏÒÍÏÂÒÀ×ÉÖËÉ<br />

ÍÀßÀÒÌÏÄÁÉÓ ÃÀÌÆÀÃÄÁÀ ÀÍ/ÃÀ ÛÄÍÀáÅÀ, ÀÂÒÄÈÅÄ ÀÓÄÈÉ ÌÀÓÀËÉÓ<br />

ÛÄÈÀÅÀÆÄÁÀ, ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÀ, ÂÀÅÒÝÄËÄÁÀ, ÂÀÓÀÙÄÁÀ, ÒÄÊËÀÌÉÒÄÁÀ ÀÍ<br />

ÓáÅÀÂÅÀÒÀà áÄËÌÉÓÀßÅÃÏÌÀà ÂÀáÃÏÌÀ, – -ÉÓãÄÁÀ ãÀÒÉÌÉÈ ÀÍ<br />

ÂÀÌÀÓßÏÒÄÁÄËÉ ÓÀÌÖÛÀÏÈÉ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÓÀÌ ßËÀÌÃÄ ÀÍÃÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ<br />

ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÉÌÀÅÄ ÅÀÃÉÈ.<br />

amave muxlis SeniSvniT “ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÂÀÌÏÓÀáÖËÄÁÉÓ ÛÄÌÝÅÄË<br />

ÐÏÒÍÏÂÒÀ×ÉÖË ÍÀßÀÒÌÏÄÁÀà ÜÀÉÈÅÀËÏÓ ÍÄÁÉÓÌÉÄÒÉ ÌÄÈÏÃÉÈ<br />

ÃÀÌÆÀÃÄÁÖËÉ ÅÉÆÖÀËÖÒÉ ÀÍ ÀÖÃÉÏÌÀÓÀËÀ, ÒÏÌÄËÛÉÝ ÓáÅÀÃÀÓáÅÀ<br />

ÓÀÛÖÀËÄÁÄÁÉÈ ßÀÒÌÏÃÂÄÍÉËÉÀ ÊÏÍÊÒÄÔÖËÉ ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÌÏÍÀßÉËÄÏÁÀ<br />

ÍÀÌÃÅÉË ÀÍ ÓÉÌÖËÉÒÄÁÖË ÓÄØÓÖÀËÖÒ ÓÝÄÍÄÁÛÉ, ÂÀÌÏÚÄÍÄÁÖËÉÀ ÌÉÓÉ<br />

áÌÀ ÀÍ ÌÏÌáÌÀÒÄÁËÉÓ ÓÄØÓÖÀËÖÒÉ ÌÏÈáÏÅÍÉËÄÁÉÓ ÃÀÊÌÀÚÏ×ÉËÄÁÉÓ<br />

ÌÉÆÍÉÈ ÍÀÜÅÄÍÄÁÉÀ ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÂÄÍÉÔÀËÖÒÉ ÏÒÂÀÍÏÄÁÉ”.<br />

ÌÖáËÉ 255 1 . ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÜÀÁÌÀ ÐÏÒÍÏÂÒÀ×ÉÖËÉ ÍÀßÀÒÌÏÄÁÉÓ ÀÍ<br />

ÓáÅÀ ÓÀÂÍÉÓ ÖÊÀÍÏÍÏà ÃÀÌÆÀÃÄÁÀÓÀ ÃÀ ÂÀÓÀÙÄÁÀÛÉ (25.07.2006 N 3530)<br />

ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÜÀÁÌÀ ÐÏÒÍÏÂÒÀ×ÉÖËÉ ÍÀßÀÒÌÏÄÁÉÓ ÀÍ ÐÏÒÍÏÂÒÀ×ÉÖËÉ<br />

áÀÓÉÀÈÉÓ ÓáÅÀ ÓÀÂÍÉÓ ÖÊÀÍÏÍÏà ÃÀÌÆÀÃÄÁÀÛÉ, ÀÓÄÈÉ ÌÀÓÀËÉÓ<br />

ÂÀÅÒÝÄËÄÁÀÛÉ, ÒÄÊËÀÌÉÒÄÁÀÛÉ ÀÍ ÌÉÓÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÀÛÉ, – ÉÓãÄÁÀ<br />

ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÏÒÉÃÀÍ áÖÈ ßËÀÌÃÄ.<br />

ÛÄÍÉÛÅÍÀ: ÀÌ ÌÖáËÉÈ ÂÀÈÅÀËÉÓßÉÍÄÁÖËÉ ØÌÄÃÄÁÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ ÉÖÒÉÃÉÖËÉ<br />

ÐÉÒÉ ÉÓãÄÁÀ ãÀÒÉÌÉÈ, ÓÀØÌÉÀÍÏÁÉÓ Ö×ËÄÁÉÓ ÜÀÌÏÒÈÌÄÅÉÈ ÀÍ<br />

ËÉÊÅÉÃÀÝÉÉÈ ÃÀ ãÀÒÉÌÉÈ.<br />

ssk-s 255-e muxlis pirvel nawilTan dakavSirebiT unda aRiniSnos, rom<br />

imTaviTve ikveTeba paradoqsaluri situacia: kanonmdebeli krZalavs<br />

ukanono pornografias, magram arsad ar gansazRvravs, Tu ra igulisxmeba<br />

kanonier pornografiaSi. magram mdgomareoba sruliad absurdul xasiaTs<br />

iZens, rodesac ar aris gansazRvruli Tavad pornografiis mniSvneloba,<br />

anu, ar arsebobs pornografiis definicia.<br />

martivi logikiT, rodesac amgvar umsxviles sakanonmdeblo xarvezTan<br />

gvaqvs saqme, sasamarTlo praqtikaSi es problema eqspertizis doneze<br />

41

mainc unda gadawydes; zogierT qveyanaSi pornografiuli produqciis<br />

kanonierebasa Tu ukanonobas arsebuli Sida normatiuli samarTlebrivi<br />

aqtis safuZvelze ad<strong>ge</strong>ns sasamarTlo eqspertiza, riTac xelmZRvanelobs<br />

mosamarTle. ramdenadac saqarTveloSi arc am saxis normatiuli baza ar<br />

arsebobs, SegviZlia Tamamad ganvacxadoT, rom qveyanaSi ssk 255-e muxliT<br />

aRZruli nebismieri saqme CanasaxSive ganwirulia, aRniSnuli muxli ki –<br />

absoluturad mkvdari normaa. anu, saqarTveloSi prostituciis msgavsad,<br />

pornografiis damzadeba, gavrceleba, reklamireba, Senaxva da a.S. arc<br />

akrZalulia, da arc nebadarTuli. Aaqedan gamomdinare, bunebrivia,<br />

gakvirvebas aRar unda iwvevdes is faqti, rom Cven sasamarTlo<br />

praqtikidan TiTqmis ver moviZieT verc erTi saqme, romelic ukanasknel<br />

periodSi 255-e muxliT iqna aRZruli.<br />

2002 wlis 1 ianvridan ZalaSi Sevida saqarTvelos kanoni “mavne<br />

zegavlenisagan <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> dacvis Sesaxeb”, romlis mizansac<br />

warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> dacva im mavne zegavlenisagan, romelic<br />

dakavSirebulia kino-,video-,telefilmebis Cvenebasa da nabeWd<br />

producqiasTan, alkoholuri sasmelebis da Tambaqos moxmarebagasaRebasa<br />

da azartul TamaSobebSi monawileobasTan.<br />

am kanonis ZaliT SezRudvebi wesdeba mavne zegavlenis momxdeni nabeWdi<br />

produqciis arasrulwlovanTvis miwodebaze, ra mizniTac axalgazrdobis<br />

saqmeTa departamenti qmnis amgvari nabeWdi da kino-, tele-produqciis<br />

reestrs, romlis gacnobac nebismier moqalaqes SeuZlia.<br />

saqarTvelos kanoni “reklamis Sesaxeb” nawilobriv iTvaliswinebs<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> dacvas reklamis warmoebis, ganTavsebisa da<br />

gavrcelebis dros.<br />

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT ar regulirdeba internetSi bavSvTa<br />

pornografiis sakiTxebi, Tu ar CavTvliT Canawers sisxlis samarTlis<br />

kodeqsSi, romlis mixedviTac “ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÂÀÌÏÓÀáÖËÄÁÉÓ ÛÄÌÝÅÄË<br />

ÐÏÒÍÏÂÒÀ×ÉÖË ÍÀßÀÒÌÏÄÁÀà ÜÀÉÈÅÀËÏÓ ÍÄÁÉÓÌÉÄÒÉ ÌÄÈÏÃÉÈ<br />

ÃÀÌÆÀÃÄÁÖËÉ ÅÉÆÖÀËÖÒÉ ÀÍ ÀÖÃÉÏÌÀÓÀËÀ”.<br />

sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi arsebuli normebi kompiuteruli<br />

informaciis sferoSi danaSaulis Sesaxeb aregulirebs mxolod<br />

42

kompiuterul informaciasTan aramarTlzomier SeRwevas, eleqtrogamomTvleli<br />

manqanis (egm) damazianebeli programis Seqmnas, gamoyenebas<br />

an gavrcelebas, da egm-is, egm-is sistemis an maTi qselis eqspluataciis<br />

wesis darRvevas. Aase rom, pirovnebis informaciuli usafrTxoebis dacva<br />

internetiT gavrcelebuli bavSvTa pornografiisa Tu sxva saxis<br />

masalebisagan saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobisaTvis aseve ucnobia. aseve ar<br />

arsebobs kanoni eleqtronuli komerciis Sesaxeb, romelic<br />

gaiTvaliswinebda serveris patronebisa da momwodeblebis<br />

(“provaiderebis”) pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobas kanonmdeblobiT akrZaluli<br />

informaciisa, da maT bavSvTa pornografiis, gavrcelebis SemTxvevaSi.<br />

kanoniT “provaiderebs” unda daevaldebuloT, sakuTar serverebze<br />

msgavsi saxis informaciisa Tu produqciis aRmoCenisas dauyonebliv<br />

acnobon samarTaldamcav organoebs; <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> SemTxvevaSi ki unda<br />

dad<strong>ge</strong>s maTi administraciuli pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis sakiTxi.<br />

1.6.3. bavSvTa seqs turizmi<br />

msoflio turistuli organizaciis turizmis qartia da turistis<br />

kodeqsi, gaeros fakultaturi oqmi, stokholmis deklaracia da sxva<br />

standartebi mogviwodeben bavSvTa organizebuli seqs-turizmis<br />

prevenciis mizniT specialuri samarTlebrivi zomebis miRebas, qcevis<br />

wesebis SemuSavebis CaTvliT. bavSvTa seqs turizmis Tavidan acilebaSi<br />

gansakuTrebuli roli eniWeba turistuli saa<strong>ge</strong>ntoebis, gacnobis<br />

biuroebis (‘sacoleTa <strong>trefikingis</strong>’ prevencia), sastumroTa da<br />

restornebis qselebis, samgzavro gadamyvani kompaniebis da sxva<br />

iuridiuli pirebis efeqtur muSaobasa da maTi saqmianobis<br />

maregulirebeli samarTlebrivi bazis saTanadod Camoyalibebas. calke<br />

problematuri sakiTxi gaxlavT internetis meSveobiT bavSvTa seqsturizmisa<br />

da sacoleTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> organizebis Tavidan acilebac.<br />

1985 wlis msoflio turistuli organizaciis turizmis qartia da<br />

turistis kodeqsi<br />

43

msoflio turistuli organizaciis turizmis qartia da turistis<br />

kodeqsi msoflio turistuli organizaciis <strong>ge</strong>neraluri asambleis mier<br />

1985 wlis seqtemberSi iqna miRebuli.<br />

turizmis qartiis me-4 muxli avaldebulebs monawile saxelmwifoebs<br />

“aRkveTon prostituciis mizniT sxva pirTa eqspluataciisaTvis turizmis<br />

gamoyenebis yovelgvari SesaZlebloba”; me-8 muxlis mixedviT: “turizmis<br />

sferos muSakebi… movaleni arian ar dauSvan sxva pirTa yovelgvari<br />

eqspluataciis mizniT turizmis gamoyenebis waqezeba”.<br />

turistis kodeqsis me-11 muxli Seicavs mowodebas turistebisadmi “ar<br />

dauSvan sxva pirTa eqspluatacia prostituciis mizniT”.<br />

saqarTvelos parlamentma 1994 wlis 27 ianvris dad<strong>ge</strong>nilebis safuZvelze<br />

moaxdina msoflio turistuli organizaciis turizmis qartiisa da<br />

turistis kodeqsis aRiareba da miuTiTa msoflio turistul<br />

organizaciaSi saqarTvelos gawevrianebis did mniSvnelobaze. amave<br />

dad<strong>ge</strong>nilebiT Sesabamis saparlamento komitets daevala turizmis<br />

qartiasa da turistis kodeqsSi mocemul debulebaTa gaTvaliswineba<br />

turizmis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos sakanonmdeblo aqtebis Sed<strong>ge</strong>nisas.<br />

samwuxarod, Cvens mier moyvanili muxlebis implementacia saqarTvelos<br />

kanonmdeblobaSi ar momxdara.<br />

1995 wels msoflio turistuli organizaciis me-11 <strong>ge</strong>neralur asambleze<br />

miRebul iqna deklaracia “organizebuli seqs turizmis prevenciis<br />

Sesaxeb”, 39 romelic bavSvis uflebaTa konvenciis 34-e muxlze<br />

dayrdnobiT saxelmwifoebs mouwodebs umkacresi sakanonmdeblo zomebis<br />

gatarebas bavSvTa seqs turizmis aRkveTis mizniT.<br />

evropis parlamenti, evropuli komisia da gaeros bavSvTa fondi 200<br />

wlidan afinanseben bavSvTa seqs turizmis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> qcevis kodeqsis<br />

mudmivmoqmed komitets.<br />

aRniSnuli qcevis kodeqsi Semdeg 6 ZiriTad kriteriums efuZneba 40 ,<br />

romlebic turizmis industriaSi CarTul organizaciebs exebaT:<br />

39 The Task Force to Protect Children from Sexual Exploitation in Tourism http://www.worldtourism.org/protect_children/<br />

40 Code of Conduct for the Protection of Children from Sexual Exploitation in Travel and Tourism.<br />

44

• eTikis politikis danergva bavSvTa komerciuli seqsualuri<br />

eqspluataciis winaarmdeg<br />

• personalis momzadeba, rogorc daniSnulebis, aseve mimwodebel<br />

saxelmwifoebSi<br />

• klientebTan kontraqtebis gaformebisas specialuri normebis<br />

SemoReba, romlebic iTvaliswinebs bavSvTa komerciuli seqsualuri<br />

eqspluataciis akrZalvas<br />

• turistebisaTvis informaciis miwodeba specialuri katalo<strong>ge</strong>bis,<br />

broSurebis, samgzavro lainerebebisTvis momzadebuli videoklipebisa<br />

da sxva saSualebebiT<br />

• daniSnulebis adgilebze adgilobrivi pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>beli pirebis<br />

Sesabamisi informaciiT uzrunvelyofas<br />

• yovelwliur angariS<strong>ge</strong>bas.<br />

bavSvTa seqs turizmis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> brZolaSi aqtiurad aris CarTuli<br />

interpolic, romlis saqmianobis erT-erT prioritets Sead<strong>ge</strong>ns<br />

specialistTa specialuri jgufebis Seqmna am bavSvTa seqs turizmSi<br />

CarTuli pirebis gamovlenis mizniT.<br />

seqs-turizmisa da sacoleTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> organizeba internetis<br />

meSveobiT. sainformacio teqnologiebis globalizaciis eram karga xania<br />

daamkvidra cneba «internetuli danaSauli», romlis erT-erT<br />

gansakuTrebiT saSiS mimarTulebas seqsualuri eqspluataciis mizniT<br />

Trefiqingis internetiT organizeba warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns. sainterneto<br />

Trefiqingis gavrcelebuli formebia e.w. «sacoleTa Trefiqingi» (Bride<br />

Trafficking), seqs turebi, arasrulwlovan prostitutTa yidva-gayidvis<br />

Sesaxeb informaciebis gacvla specialuri parolebis mqone internetgverdebze<br />

da cocxali video-konferenciebi. erT-erTi yvelaze staJiani<br />

internet-forumi, romelic seqsualuri eqspluataciis namdvil biznesSia<br />

CarTuli, cnobilia alt.sex.services-is saxelwodebiT. forums internetSi<br />

gamoqveynebuli sakuTari wesdebac aqvs, sadac mis ZiriTad miznad<br />

http://www.thecode.org<br />

45

moxseniebulia “seqsualur momsaxurebis bazris gamWvirvaleoba” (!). 41<br />

forumi Seicavs informacias arasrulwlovani prostitutebis yidvagayidvis,<br />

daqiravebis, maTTan Sexvedris adgilebis Sesaxeb. informacia<br />

klasificirebulia kontinentebis, saxelmwifoebisa da qalaqebis<br />

mixedviT. Trefiqerebi specialur “CeT”-ebSi erTmaneTs uziareben<br />

gamocdilebasa da aZleven rCevebs, Tu romel qveyanSi visTan unda<br />

gavidnen kontaqtze <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> Trefiqingis organizebis mizniT.<br />

arseboben specialuri sainterneto Suamavlebic, romelTa konsultaciac<br />

fasiania da gadaxda sakredito baraTiT pirdapir internetis meSveobiT<br />

unda moxdes.<br />

internetSi erT-erT yvelaze ganviTarebul teqnologias cocxali<br />

videokonferenciebi warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns, romelTa warmarTvac internetSi<br />

CarTul kompiuterTan video Camweri aparaturis SeerTebis gziT xdeba. am<br />

meTodiT Trefiqerebi TavianT potenciur klientebs sxvadasxva<br />

saxelmwifoSi uCveneben videofirs SeTavazebuli “saqonelis” CanaweriTa<br />

da gamosaxulebiT, paralelurad ki molaparakebas awarmoeben SesaZlo<br />

gari<strong>ge</strong>bis pirobebis Sesaxeb.<br />

xSirad trefikerebi TavianT msxverplze pirdapir, Suamavlebis gareSe<br />

gadian maTTan “CeTeb”-Si CarTvis gziT: isini garkveuli periodis<br />

manZilze flirtis an ubralod megobruli komunikaciis formiT<br />

esaubrebian TavianT SerCeul samiznes, moipoveben maT ndobas, Semdgom ki<br />

uniSnaven Sexvedrebs da ukve maT dayoliebaze gadadian.<br />

SeniSvnebi da rekomendaciebi<br />

• saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba ar iZleva prostituciis definicias;<br />

• kanoniT prostituciuli qmedeba warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns administraciul<br />

samarTaldarRvevas, magram es norma praqtikulad “mkvdari normaa” da<br />

mxolod korufciuli qmedebebis safuZvels qmnis;<br />

• TiTqmis ar xdeba socialuri prostituciis kompleqsuri Seswavla<br />

sociologiur-kriminologiuri kvlevebis CaTvliT da ar aris<br />

41 Atta and M., World Sex Guide, July 1996<br />

46

SemuSavebuli prostituciis prevenciisadmi mimarTuli saxelmwifo<br />

programebi;<br />

• sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi iTvaliswinebs pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobas prostituciis<br />

binis mowyobis an Senaxvisadmi, magram ar aris mocemuli prostituciis<br />

binis samarTlebrivi ganmarteba;<br />

• sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 253-e (prostituciaSi Cabma) da 254-e<br />

(prostituciis binis mowyoba an Senaxva) muxlebSi ar aris<br />

gansazRvruli jarimis zRvruli odenoba;<br />

• sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 253-e da 254-e muxlebi ar iTvaliswineben<br />

damatebiT pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobas aRniSnul danaSaulTa CadenisaTvis<br />

samsaxureobrivi mdgomareobis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi;<br />

• saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis prostituciis<br />

organizebisadmi miZRvnili aRniSnuli 2 muxli warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns ruseTis<br />

federaciis analogiuri muxlebis sityvasityviT kalkirebas da<br />

Sesabamisad ar iTvaliswinebs rigi evropuli qveynebis sisxlis<br />

samarTlis kanonmdeblobaSi 42 dawesebul pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobas<br />

Suamavlobasa (maWankloba) da cdunebaze 43 angarebis mizniT<br />

prostituciaSi CabmisaTvis muqarisa da Zaladobis gareSe;<br />

• dasaxvewia sxvadasxva gasarTob-gamajansaRebeli dawesebulebebis<br />

licenzirebis sistema prostituciis prevenciis mizniT;<br />

• ssk 139-e muxls sqesobrivi kavSiris an seqsualuri xasiaTis sxvagvari<br />

moqmedebis iZulebis Sesaxeb damamZimebel garemoebad unda daematos<br />

arasrulwlovnis iZuleba sqesobrivi kavSiris, mamaTmavlobis,<br />

lesbianobis an sxvagvari seqsualuri kontaqtisadmi materialuri<br />

damokidebulebis gamoyenebis, an Tundac mSoblebis saxelgamtexi<br />

cnobis gaxmaurebiT SantaJis SemTxvevebSi. sasurvelia dakonkretdes<br />

“an sxvagvari damokidebuleba”.<br />

• mizanSewonilad migvaCnia ssk 141 muxlSi “garyvnili qmedebis”<br />

ganmartebis Semotanac. SesaZloa gaviTvaliswinoT ucxouri<br />

sakanonmdeblo praqtikac, sadac analogiuri situaciisas yovelTvis<br />

xdeba mkafio definicireba, mag. iZulebiTi masturbacia, analuri da<br />

42 mag. skandinaviis, baltiispireTisa da aRmosavleT evropis saxelmwifoTa sisxlis<br />

samrTlis kodeqsebi.<br />

43 “Pimping” da “Seduction”.<br />

47

oraluri kontaqtebi, <strong>ge</strong>nitaluri mutilacia, sado-mazoxisturi<br />

“TamaSebi”, eqsibicionizmi, voierizmi da ase Semdeg.<br />

• moxdes saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis harmonizacia `transnacionaluri<br />

organizebuli danaSaulis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>~ gaerTianebuli erebis<br />

konvenciis `adamianebiT, gansakuTrebiT qalebiTa da bavSvebiT,<br />

vaWrobis Tavidan acilebis, aRkveTisa da damnaSaveTa dasjis Sesaxeb~<br />

damatebiTi oqmTan da bavSvis uflebaTa konvenciis 34-e muxlTan.<br />

• Sesabamisi cvlilebebi momzaddes saqarTvelos kanonSi “reklamis<br />

Sesaxeb”;<br />

• arasrulwlovani dazaralebulis da/an mowmis mier sasamarTloze<br />

Cvenebis micemisas, an winaswari gamoZiebis dros, acilebul iqnas<br />

arasrulwlovnis damnaSavesTan pirdapiri Sexvedra (SeZlebisdagvarad<br />

gamoyenebul iqnas Cvenebis audio an videoCanaweri);<br />

• ganisazRvros pornografiuli produqciis ukanono da kanonieri<br />

damzadebisa da gasaRebis cnebebi;<br />

• momzaddes kanonproeqti “seqsualuri xasiaTis produqciis<br />

saxelmwifo regulirebisa da kontrolis Sesaxeb”, romlis mTavarma<br />

mizanmac unda Seadginos seqsualuri xasiaTis beWdviTi, audiovizualuri<br />

da eleqtronuli produqciis gavrcelebis wesisa da<br />

pirobebis dad<strong>ge</strong>na da maT Sesrulebaze saxelmwifo kontroli.<br />

kerZod:<br />

- kanonma unda moicvas erotikis, pornografiis, seqsualuri xasiaTis<br />

produqciis, samedicino daniSnulebis mqone seqsualuri xasiaTis<br />

produqciis, seqsualuri xasiaTis moqmedebebis, seqsualuri xasiaTis<br />

moqmedebebis imitaciis, seqsualuri xasiaTis audio-vizualuri<br />

produqciis signalis kodirebis, seqsualuri xasiaTis produqciis<br />

momoqcevis terminologiuri ganmarteba; aseve aqve unda Sevides<br />

bavSvTa seqsualuri Seuracxyofis, bavSvTa seqsualuri<br />

eqspluataciis, bavSvTa komerciuli seqsualuri eqspluataciis,<br />

bavSvTa pornografiisa da internetSi bavSvTa pornografiis<br />

definiciebi;<br />

- kanonmdeblobiT daregulirdes internetSi bavSvTa pornografiis<br />

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> mimarTuli normebi;<br />

48

- kanonma unda daawesos seqsualuri xasiaTis produqciis mimoqcevis<br />

licenzirebis valdebuleba;<br />

- kanonma unda gansazRvros seqsualuri xasiaTis produqciis<br />

registraciisa da eqspertizis wesi; eqspertiza unda daekisros<br />

mxolod saxelmwifo organoebs. –kino, -audio, -video saxis<br />

produqciis registracia Sesabamisi reestris Sed<strong>ge</strong>nasTan erTad unda<br />

daekisros kulturis saministrosa da axalgazrdobis saqmeTa<br />

departaments.<br />

• miRebul iqnas kanoni eleqtronuli komerciis Sesaxeb, romelic<br />

gaiTvaliswinebda serveris patronebisa da momwodeblebis<br />

(“provaiderebis”) pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobas kanonmdeblobiT akrZaluli<br />

informaciisa, da maT bavSvTa pornografiis, gavrcelebis SemTxvevaSi.<br />

kanoniT “provaiderebs” unda daevaldebuloT, sakuTar serverebze<br />

msgavsi saxis informaciisa Tu produqciis aRmoCenisas dauyonebliv<br />

acnobon samarTaldamcav organoebs; <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> SemTxvevaSi ki unda<br />

dad<strong>ge</strong>s maTi administraciuli pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis sakiTxi;<br />

II. saerTaSoriso standartebi da saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba<br />

II.1. gaeros daarsebamde miRebuli konvenciebi<br />

komerciuli seqsualuri eqspluataciisa da masTan dakavSirebuli sxva<br />

saxis eqspluataciisagan (monoba, iZulebiTi Sroma, trefikingi,<br />

prostituciaSi CaTreva finansuri mo<strong>ge</strong>bis mizniT da a. S.) adamianis, da<br />

maT Soris bavSvTa, dacvis samarTlebrivi bazis Seqmnas saerTaSoriso<br />

samarTlebrivi aqtebis doneze jer kidev me-20 saukunis dasawyisSive<br />

Caeyara safuZveli. aRniSnuli dokumentebi iqmneboda rogorc adamianis<br />

uflebaTa dacvis WrilSi, aseve humanitaruli Tu saerTaSoriso sisxlis<br />

samarTlis, ltolvilTa, emigrantTa da migrantTa Sesaxeb miRebuli<br />

aqtebis da SromiTi standartebis konteqstSi.<br />

me-20 saukunis meoTxe aTwleulisaTvis, jer kidev gaero-s Seqmnamde (1946),<br />

ukve miRebuli iyo saerTaSoriso samarTlis istoriis iseTi<br />

mniSvnelovani dokumentebi, rogoricaa:<br />

• 1904 wlis saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba TeTrkaniani monebiT vaWrobis<br />

aRkveTis Sesaxeb;<br />

49

• 1910 wlis saerTaSoriso konvencia TeTrkaniani monebiT vaWrobis<br />

aRkveTis Sesaxeb;<br />

• 1919 wlis sen-Jermen-en-laies konvencia monobis yovelgvari formis<br />

aRkveTisa da monebiT saxmeleTo da sazRvao vaWrobis akrZalvis<br />

Sesaxeb;<br />

• 1921 wlis saerTaSoriso konvencia qalebiTa da bavSvebiT vaWrobis<br />

aRkveTis Sesaxeb;<br />

• 1923 wlis konvencia pornografiuli nimuSebis gavrcelebisa da am<br />

nimuSebiT vaWrobis akrZalvis Sesaxeb;<br />

• 1926 wlis konvencia monobis Sesaxeb;<br />

• 1933 wlis saerTaSoriso konvencia srulwlovani qalebiT vaWrobis<br />

aRkveTis Sesaxeb;<br />

gaero-s daarsebis Semdeg saTanado oqmebiT damatebuli TiTqmis yvela<br />

zemoT aRniSnuli konvencia Sevida ZalaSi, garda 1919 wlis konvenciisa.<br />

II..2. gaeros ZiriTadi standartebi<br />

• 1923 wlis konvencia pornografiuli produqciis damzadebisa da<br />

gavrcelebis aRkveTis Sesaxeb (1947 wlis 12 noembris oqmiT Setanili<br />

cvlilebebiT).<br />

konvencia ratificirebulia 57 saxelmwifos mier. igi mouwodebs<br />

monawile saxelmwifoebs daawesos sisxlis samarTlis pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bloba<br />

yvelas saxis pornografiuli produqciis damzadebaze, gavrcelebaze da<br />

Senaxvaze. sainteresoa, rom 1967 wels am konvenciis denonsacia moaxdina<br />

daniam (mizezi ar aRiniSneba), mogvianebiT ki, 1985 wels - niderlandebis<br />

samefom im motiviT, rom holandiis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi<br />

krZalavs mxolod bavSvTa (am SemTxvevaSi 16 wlamde asakis pirTa)<br />

pornografiis amsaxveli produqciis damzadebas, gavrcelebasa da<br />

Senaxvas.<br />

saqarTvelo aRniSnul konvenciasTan ar aris mierTebuli.<br />

• 1949 wlis konvencia adamianiT vaWrobisa da sxvaTa prostituciis<br />

eqspluataciis aRkveTis Sesaxeb<br />

50

am konvenciis ratifikacia 1994 wlis 31 dekembers moaxdina 70-ma<br />

saxelmwifom. igi warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns 1904, 1910, 1921 da 1933 wlebis zemoT<br />

miTiTebuli konvenciebis konsolidirebul variants, riTac, bunebrivia,<br />

es ukanasknelni Zalagakargulad iqnen cnobilni.<br />

konvencia avaldebulebs monawile saxelmwifoebs dasjadi gaxados pirTa<br />

is qmedeba, romelic mimarTulia sxvaTa prostituciaSi Cabmisaken,<br />

Tundac am ukanasknelTa Tanxmobis SemTxvevaSi. aseve dasjadad cxaddeba<br />

prostituciis binis mowyoba da Senaxva; amasTanave konvencia ad<strong>ge</strong>ns<br />

adamianiT (gansakuTrebiT qalebiTa da bavSvebiT) vaWrobis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong><br />

<strong>brZolis</strong> samarTlebriv normebs.<br />

saqarTvelo aRniSnul konvenciasTan ar aris mierTebuli.<br />

• 1956 wlis damatebiTi konvencia monobis, monebiT vaWrobis, monobis<br />

institutebisa da monaTmflobelobasTan gaTanabrebuli moqmedebebis<br />

akrZalvis Sesaxeb.<br />

konvenciis ratificireba 1994 wlis 31 dekembers 114-ma saxelmwifom<br />

moaxdina. konvenciis pirvelive muxli monawile saxelmwifoebisagan<br />

moiTxovs yvela im aucilebeli sakanonmdeblo zomebis gatarebas, rac<br />

uzrunvelyofs 18 wels miuRweveli piris gadacemas mSoblis/ mSoblebis,<br />

an meurve/mzrunvelis mier mesame piris/pirebisadmi misi SromiTi<br />

eqspluataciis mizniT.<br />

saqarTvelo aRniSnul konvenciasTan ar aris mierTebuli.<br />

• 1979 wlis konvencia qalTa Soris diskriminaciis yvela formis<br />

aRmofxvris Sesaxeb.<br />

konvencia ZalaSia 1981 wlidan da xelmowerilia 140-mde saxelmwifos<br />

mier. Kkonvenciis me-6 muxli monawile saxelmwifoebs mouwodebs<br />

“gaataron aucilebeli sakanonmdeblo zomebi qalTa Trefiqingisa da<br />

qalTa prostituciis eqspluataciis aRsakveTad”.<br />

saqarTvelos parlamentma konvenciis ratifikacia 1994 wlis 22<br />

seqtembers moaxdina. 1999 wlis 1 ivliss ki gaero-s waredgina pirveli<br />

oficialuri samTavrobo angariSi konvenciiT nakisri valdebulebebis<br />

Sesrulebis Taobaze.<br />

51

• 1989 wlis konvencia bavSvis uflebaTa Sesaxeb<br />

konvencia ratificirebulia gaero-s wevri yvela saxelmwifos mier, aSSsa<br />

da somalis garda.<br />

konvencia bavSvis uflebaTa dacvis, da maT Soris bavSvTa komerciuli<br />

seqsualuri eqspluataciisagan dacvisaken mimarTul yvelaze<br />

mniSvnelovan fundamentalur dokuments warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns samarTlis<br />

istoriaSi.<br />

konvenciis 34-e muxliT monawile saxelmwifoebi valdebulebas<br />

kisruloben, daicvan bavSvi seqsualuri eqspluataciis yvela formisagan.<br />

am mizniT monawile saxelmwifoebi, kerZod, ormxriv da mravalmxriv<br />

erovnul doneebze Rebuloben yvela aucilebel zomas, raTa Tavidan<br />

aicilon:<br />

a) bavSvis dayolieba nebismier ukanono seqsualur qmedebaze an bavSvis<br />

iZuleba, monawileobdes aseT qmedebaSi;<br />

b) eqspluataciis mizniT bavSvis gamoyeneba prostituciaSi an sxva<br />

ukanono seqsualur praqtikaSi;<br />

g) eqspluataciis mizniT bavSvis gamoyeneba pornografiasa da<br />

pornografiul masalebSi.<br />

35-e muxli avaldebulebs monawile saxelmwifoebs miiRon yvela<br />

aucilebel zoma, raTa Tavidan aicilon bavSvTa motaceba, bavSvebiT<br />

vaWroba an maTi Trefiqingi nebismieri miznebiT da nebismieri formiT. 36-<br />

e muxlis mixedviT ki - monawile saxelmwifoebi bavSvs icaven<br />

eqspluataciis yvela sxva formisagan, romelic zians ayenebs bavSvis<br />

keTildReobis nebismier aspeqts. 39-e muxlis Tanaxmad, “monawile<br />

saxelmwifoebi yvela zomas iReben, raTa xeli Seuwyon im bavSvis<br />

fizikur da fsiqologiur gajansaRebas da socialur reintegracias,<br />

romelic nebismieri saxis ugulebelyofis, eqspluataciis an borotad<br />

gamoyenebis, wamebis, sastiki, araadamianuri da Rirsebis Semlaxveli<br />

mopyrobis, sasjelis an SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis msxverplia. aseTi<br />

gajansaReba da reintegracia unda xorcieldebodes bavSvis<br />

janmrTelobis, sakuTari Tavis pativiscemisa da Rirsebis grZnobis<br />

SenarCunebis uzrunvelmyof pirobebSi”.<br />

52

saqarTvelos parlamentma konvenciis ratifikacia 1994 wlis 21 aprils<br />

moaxdina.<br />

• 1992 wlis konvencia sazRvao kanonmdeblobis Sesaxeb<br />

konvencia krZalavs teritorialuri wylebis miRma adamianTa ukanono<br />

gadayvanas (maT Soris <strong>trefikingis</strong>a da sxva saxis eqspluataciis mizniT)<br />

sazRvao saSualebebiT. Kkonvenciis 99-e muxli monawile saxelmwifoebs<br />

avaldebulebs akrZalon adamianiT vaWroba maTi droSis tarebis<br />

uflebamosil sazRvao xomaldebze da ar dauSvan sxva xomaldebis mier<br />

monawile saxelmwifoebis droSis gamoyeneba amave miznebisaTvis.<br />

saqarTvelo aRniSnul konvenciasTan ar aris mierTebuli.<br />

• 2000 wlis bavSvis uflebaTa konvenciis fakultaturi oqmi bavSvebis<br />

gayidvis, bavSvTa prostituciisa da pornografiis Sesaxeb<br />

fakultaturi oqmi 2000 wlis 25 maiss iqna miRebuli gaero-s <strong>ge</strong>neraluri<br />

asambleis rezoluciiT # A/RES/54/263<br />

saqarTvelos parlamentma fakultaturi oqmis ratifikacia 2002 wlis 27<br />

seqtembers moaxdina.<br />

• 2000 wlis konvencia transnacionaluri organizebuli danaSaulis<br />

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> da misi damatebiTi oqmi adamianiT vaWrobis, gansakuTrebiT<br />

ki qalTa da bavSvTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> Tavidan acilebisa da aRkveTis<br />

Sesaxeb.<br />

konvencia 2000 wlis dekemberSi gaixsna xelmosawerad italiis q.<br />

palermoSi gamarTuli gaero-s saerTaSoriso konferenciis Semdeg.<br />

konvenciis damatebiTi oqmi adamianiT vaWrobis, gansakuTrebiT ki qalTa<br />

da bavSvTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> Tavidan acilebisa da aRkveTis Sesaxeb gaeros<br />

<strong>ge</strong>neralurma asambleam 2000 wlis 15 noembers miiRo # 55/25 rezoluciis<br />

safuZvelze.<br />

adamianiT vaWrobis, gansakuTrebiT ki qalTa da bavSvTa <strong>trefikingis</strong><br />

Tavidan acilebisa da aRkveTis Sesaxeb damatebiTi oqmis ZiriTad mizans<br />

aRniSnuli danaSaulis prevenciasTan da aRkveTasTan erTad warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns<br />

53

am danaSaulTa msxverpl pirTa, gansakuTrebiT ki qalTa da bavSvTa<br />

Semdgomi dacva da daxmareba, aseve monawile saxelmwifoTa<br />

TanamSromlobis konkretuli gzebis dasaxva.<br />

saqarTvelos parlamentma palermos damatebiTi oqmis ratifikacia 2006<br />

wlis 7 ivniss moaxdina.<br />

garda, aRniSnuli konvenciebisa mizanSewonilad migvaCnia movixsenioT<br />

gaero-s mier gasul saukuneSi SemuSavebuli Semdegi samarTlebrivi<br />

dokumentebi:<br />

• 1959 wlis bavSvis uflebaTa deklaracia;<br />

• 1967 wlis deklaracia qalTa mimarT diskriminaciis yvela formis<br />

aRmofxvris Sesaxeb;<br />

• 1974 wlis deklaracia sagan<strong>ge</strong>bo mdgomareobisa da samxedro<br />

konfliqtebis dros qalTa da bavSvTa dacvis Sesaxeb;<br />

• 1978 wlis deklaracia rasisa da rasobrivi niSniT mikerZoebuli<br />

damokidebulebis Sesaxeb;<br />

• 1985 wlis nairobis grZelvadiani strategia qalTa dawinaurebis<br />

xelSewyobisaTvis;<br />

• 1990 wlis msoflio deklaracia bavSvTa gadarCenis, dacvisa da<br />

ganviTarebis Sesaxeb da misi samoqmedo <strong>ge</strong>gma;<br />

• 1992 wlis deklaracia qalTa mimarT Zaladobis aRkveTis Sesaxeb;<br />

• 1992 wlis saxelmZRvanelo proncipebi ltolvilTa mimarT<br />

seqsualuri Zaladobis Tavidan acilebisa da maszed reagirebis<br />

Sesaxeb;<br />

• 1992 wlis samoqmedo programa bavSviT vaWrobis, bavSvTa<br />

prostituciisa da bavSvTa pornografiis Tavidan acilebis Sesaxeb;<br />

• 1992 wlis samoqmedo programa migrantTa da maTi ojaxebis dacvis<br />

Sesaxeb;<br />

• 1993 wlis gaero-s adamianis uflebaTa msoflio konferenciis venis<br />

samoqmedo programa;<br />

• 1995-2000 wlebis msoflio samoqmedo programa axalgazrdobisaTvis;<br />

• 1995 wlis deklaracia damnaSaveobisa da sazogadoebrivi<br />

usafrTxoebis Sesaxeb;<br />

54

• 1995 wlis qalTa meoTxe msoflio konferenciis pekinis deklaracia da<br />

moqmedebaTa platforma;<br />

• 1997 wlis modeluri strategia da praqtikuli RonisZiebebi qalTa<br />

mimarT Zaladobis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> danaSaulis Tavidan acilebisa da<br />

sisxlis samarTlis pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis sferoebSi;<br />

• 1998 wlis samoqmedo <strong>ge</strong>gma qalTa da bavSvTa janmrTelobisaTvis<br />

saziano mankieri tradiciuli praqtikis akrZalvis Taobaze;<br />

II.3. Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis konvenciebi da bavSvTa<br />

Sroma saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT<br />

• 1930 wlis # 29 konvencia iZulebiTi Sromis Sesaxeb da 1957 wlis #<br />

105 konvencia iZulebiTi Sromis akrZalvis Sesaxeb.<br />

konvenciebi mkafiod sazRvraven im pirobebs, rodesac SeiZleba adgili<br />

hqondeT iZulebiTi Sromis daSvebas, mag. savaldebulo samxedro<br />

samsaxuris, sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT dakisrebuli valdebulebebis<br />

da gansakuTrebuli mdgomareobis pirobebSi aucilebeli samuSaoebis<br />

Sesrulebisas. yvela aseT SemTxvevaSi konvenciebi aweseben iZulebiTi<br />

Sromis asakobriv restriqcias aRniSnuli samuSaoebis SesrulebisaTvis<br />

janmrTelobis mdgomareobiT vargisi mamakacebisaTvis 18-dan 45 wlamde.<br />

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis # 29 konvencias iZulebiTi Sromis<br />

Sesaxeb saqarTvelo konvencias 1995 wels SeuerTda; 1957 wlis # 105<br />

konvenciis ratifikacia saqarTvelos parlamentma 1996 wlis 16 maiss<br />

moaxdina.<br />

• 1973 wlis # 138 konvencia samuSaoze miRebis minimaluri asakis<br />

Sesaxeb da 1973 wlis rekomendaciebi #146 minimaluri asakis Sesaxeb.<br />

55

aRniSnuli konvencia krZalavs 16 wels miuRwevel pirTa nebismier<br />

samuSaoze miRebas, rekomendaciebSi ki Camoyalibebulia praqtikuli<br />

saxelmZRvanelo miTiTebebi konvenciis erovnul doneze<br />

implementaciisaTvis.<br />

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis # 138 konvenciis ratifikacia<br />

saqarTvelos parlamentma 1996 wlis 16 maiss moaxdina.<br />

• 1999 wlis # 182 konvencia bavSvis Sromis yvelaze uares formaTa<br />

Sesaxeb.<br />

konvencia “bavSvis Sromis yvelaze uares formebad” miiCnevs “monobisa da<br />

masTan gaTanabrebuli institutebis iseT gamovlinebebs, rogoricaa<br />

bavSviT vaWroba da Trefiqingi... bavSvTa Cabma, CaTreva da gamoyeneba<br />

prostituciaSi, pornografiuli produqciis warmoeba-gavrcelebasa da<br />

pornografiul Sou-warmod<strong>ge</strong>nebSi monawileobaSi”. konvencia monawile<br />

saxelmwifoebs mouwodebs gadaudebeli da efeqturi zomebis miRebisaken<br />

bavSvTa Sromis aRniSnuli yvelaze uaresi formebis akrZalvis mizniT;<br />

kerZod konvenciis me-6 muxli monawile saxelmwifoebs avaldebulebs<br />

“bavSvis Sromis yvelaze uaresi formebis aRkveTisaken mimarTuli<br />

erovnuli programebis SemuSavebasa da maT ganxorcielebas”. konvenciis<br />

me-8 muxlis Tanaxmad monawile saxelmwifoebma daxmareba unda<br />

aRmouCinon sxva monawile saxelmwifoebs “socialuri da ekonomikuri<br />

ganviTarebis, siRaribis aRmofxvrisa da sayovelTao ganaTlebis<br />

programebis ganxorcielebis gziT”.<br />

konvencia ZalaSia 2000 wlis noembridan.<br />

saqarTvelo parlamentma konvenciis ratifikacia 2003 wlis 12 oqtombers<br />

moaxdina.<br />

bavSvis uflebaTa konvenciis 32-e muxlis Tanaxmad “monawile<br />

saxelmwifoebi aRiareben bavSvis uflebas, rom is daculi iyos<br />

ekonomikuri eqspluataciisa da nebismieri iseTi samuSaos<br />

Sesrulebisagan, romelic SeiZleba emuqrebodes mis janmrTelobas da<br />

xeli SeuSalos ganaTlebis miRebaSi, an ziani miayenos mis janmrTelobas,<br />

fizikur, gonebriv, sulier, moralur da socialur ganviTarebas”. amave<br />

56

muxliT saxelmwifoebi ad<strong>ge</strong>nen bavSvis samuSaoze miRebis minimalur<br />

asaks, gansazRvraven samuSao dRis xangrZlivobasa da Sromis pirobebTan<br />

dakavSirebul aucilebel moTxovnebs da iTvaliswineben sasjelis<br />

Sesabamis saxeobebs an sxva sanqciebs winamdebare muxlis efeqturi<br />

ganxorcielebis uzrunvelsayofad.<br />

bavSvTa Sromam saqarTvelosaTvis sruliad uCveulo masStabebi SeiZina.<br />

es situacia yvelam icis, magram ar arsebobs zusti statistika momuSave<br />

bavSvTa raodenobis Sesaxeb.<br />

imTaviTve unda ganvasxvavoT bavSvTa Sroma da bavSvTa SromiTi<br />

eqspluatacia.<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> Sroma saqarTveloSi regulirdeba Sromis kodeqsiT<br />

(2006 wlis 25 maisi), administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis<br />

Sesabamisi muxliT, “samuSaoze misaRebi minimaluri asakis Sesaxeb<br />

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis Jenevis 1973 wlis konvenciiT (1996<br />

wlis 16 maisi), konvenciiT “bavSvTa Sromis ukiduresi formebis<br />

akrZalvisa da dauyovnebliv aRmofxvris RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb” (2002<br />

wlis 18 maisi) da sxva moqmedi sakanonmdeblo aqtebiT.<br />

saqarTvelos konstituciiT iZulebiTi Sroma akrZalulia.<br />

saqarTvelos Sromis kodeqsi aseve ad<strong>ge</strong>ns Sromis minimalur asaks da<br />

krZalavs 16 wlis asaks miuRwevel pirTa samuSaoze miRebas.<br />

kodeqsis me-4 muxlis Tanaxmad, ×ÉÆÉÊÖÒÉ ÐÉÒÉÓ ÛÒÏÌÉÈÉ ØÌÄÃÖÍÀÒÉÀÍÏÁÀ<br />

ßÀÒÌÏÉÛÏÁÀ 16 ßËÉÓ ÀÓÀÊÉÃÀÍ.<br />

16 ßËÀÌÃÄ ÀÓÀÊÉÓ ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÛÒÏÌÉÈÉ ØÌÄÃÖÍÀÒÉÀÍÏÁÀ<br />

ßÀÒÌÏÉÛÏÁÀ ÌÉÓÉ ÊÀÍÏÍÉÄÒÉ ßÀÒÌÏÌÀÃÂÄÍËÉÓ ÀÍ<br />

ÌÆÒÖÍÅÄËÏÁÉÓ/ÌÄÖÒÅÄÏÁÉÓ ÏÒÂÀÍÏÓ ÈÀÍáÌÏÁÉÈ, ÈÖ ÛÒÏÌÉÈÉ ÖÒÈÉÄÒÈÏÁÀ<br />

ÀÒ ÄßÉÍÀÀÙÌÃÄÂÄÁÀ ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÉÍÔÄÒÄÓÄÁÓ, ÆÉÀÍÓ ÀÒ ÀÚÄÍÄÁÓ<br />

ÌÉÓ ÆÍÄÏÁÒÉÅ, ×ÉÆÉÊÖÒ ÃÀ ÂÏÍÄÁÒÉÅ ÂÀÍÅÉÈÀÒÄÁÀÓ ÃÀ ÀÒ ÖÆÙÖÃÀÅÓ<br />

ÌÀÓ ÓÀÅÀËÃÄÁÖËÏ ÃÀßÚÄÁÉÈÉ ÃÀ ÓÀÁÀÆÏ ÂÀÍÀÈËÄÁÉÓ ÌÉÙÄÁÉÓ Ö×ËÄÁÀÓÀ<br />

ÃÀ ÛÄÓÀÞËÄÁËÏÁÀÓ. ÊÀÍÏÍÉÄÒÉ ßÀÒÌÏÌÀÃÂÄÍËÉÓ ÀÍ<br />

ÌÆÒÖÍÅÄËÏÁÉÓ/ÌÄÖÒÅÄÏÁÉÓ ÏÒÂÀÍÏÓ ÈÀÍáÌÏÁÀ ÞÀËÀÛÉ ÒÜÄÁÀ ÌÓÂÀÅÓÉ<br />

áÀÓÉÀÈÉÓ ÛÄÌÃÂÏÌÉ ÛÒÏÌÉÈÉ ÖÒÈÉÄÒÈÏÁÉÓ ÌÉÌÀÒÈÀÝ.<br />

14 ßËÀÌÃÄ ÀÓÀÊÉÓ ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÀÍÈÀÍ ÛÒÏÌÉÈÉ áÄËÛÄÊÒÖËÄÁÀ ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀ<br />

ÃÀÉÃÏÓ ÌáÏËÏà ÓÐÏÒÔÖË, áÄËÏÅÍÄÁÀÓÈÀÍ ÃÀÊÀÅÛÉÒÄÁÖË ÃÀ ÊÖËÔÖÒÉÓ<br />

Ó×ÄÒÏÛÉ ÓÀØÌÉÀÍÏÁÀÆÄ, ÀÓÄÅÄ ÓÀÒÄÊËÀÌÏ ÓÀÌÖÛÀÏÓ ÛÄÓÀÓÒÖËÄÁËÀÃ.<br />

57

ÀÊÒÞÀËÖËÉÀ ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÀÍÈÀÍ ÛÒÏÌÉÈÉ áÄËÛÄÊÒÖËÄÁÉÓ ÃÀÃÄÁÀ<br />

ÓÀÈÀÌÀÛÏ ÁÉÆÍÄÓÈÀÍ, ÙÀÌÉÓ ÂÀÓÀÒÈÏÁ ÃÀßÄÓÄÁÖËÄÁÄÁÈÀÍ, ÄÒÏÔÉÊÖËÉ<br />

ÃÀ ÐÏÒÍÏÂÒÀ×ÉÖËÉ ÐÒÏÃÖØÝÉÉÓ, ×ÀÒÌÀÝÄÅÔÖËÉ ÃÀ ÔÏØÓÉÊÖÒÉ<br />

ÍÉÅÈÉÄÒÄÁÄÁÉÓ ÃÀÌÆÀÃÄÁÀÓÈÀÍ, ÂÀÃÀÆÉÃÅÀÓÈÀÍ ÃÀ ÒÄÀËÉÆÀÝÉÀÓÈÀÍ<br />

ÃÀÊÀÅÛÉÒÄÁÖËÉ ÓÀÌÖÛÀÏÄÁÉÓ ÛÄÓÀÓÒÖËÄÁËÀÃ.<br />

ÀÊÒÞÀËÖËÉÀ ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÀÍÈÀÍ, ÀÓÄÅÄ ÏÒÓÖË ÀÍ ÌÄÞÖÞÖÒ ØÀËÈÀÍ<br />

ÛÒÏÌÉÈÉ áÄËÛÄÊÒÖËÄÁÉÓ ÃÀÃÄÁÀ ÌÞÉÌÄ, ÌÀÅÍÄ ÃÀ ÓÀÛÉÛÐÉÒÏÁÄÁÉÀÍÉ<br />

ÓÀÌÖÛÀÏÄÁÉÓ ÛÄÓÀÓÒÖËÄÁËÀÃ.<br />

saqarTvelos Sromis kodeqsis me-18 muxlis Tanaxmad ikrZaleba<br />

arasrulwlovnis dasaqmeba Ramis samuSaoze (22 saaTidan 6 saaTamde).<br />

samwuxarod saqarTveloSi amgvari saxis samuSaoebSi CarTuli bavSvebis<br />

raodenoba TvalsaCinoa da xSirad vawydebiT mTeli Ramis manZilze<br />

benzinis gasamarT sadgurebze momuSave, Tu barebsa da restornebSi<br />

yvavilebiTa da sxva wvrilmani sagnebiT movaWre bavSvebs, iseve rogorc<br />

xSiria bavSvTa muSaoba mtvirTavebad da janmrTelobisaTvis zianis<br />

momtan sxva samuSaoebze. A<br />

amgvar SemTxvevebSi Zalzed mniSvnelovania sanqciebis daweseba<br />

damsaqmebelTa mimarT, romlebic ZiriTadad kerZo seqtors warmoad<strong>ge</strong>nen.<br />

Semamsubuqebel garemoebad ver gamod<strong>ge</strong>ba is faqti, rom bavSvTa<br />

"dasaqmeba" maTi janmrTelobisaTvis zianis momtan samuSaoebze xSir<br />

SemTxvevebSi Tavad bavSvebis, maTi mSoblebisa Tu sxva kanonieri<br />

warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebis Tanxmobisa da Txovnis safuZvelze xdeba.<br />

Sromis kodeqsi 16-dan 18 wlis asakis arasrulwlovnebisaTvis ar ad<strong>ge</strong>ns<br />

samuSao drois Semcirebul saaTobriv xangrZlivobas.<br />

gaeros ganviTarebis programisa da Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis<br />

daxmarebiT statistikis saxelmwifo departamentma 1999 wels Seiswavla<br />

bavSvebis SromiTi dasaqmeba da aRmoaCina, rom 7-17 wlis asakis bavSvebis<br />

59% swavlas da muSaobas erTmaneTs uTavsebs. 38000 axalgazrda<br />

anazRaurebad samuSaoSia CarTuli. es problema masStaburi xdeba da<br />

Semdgom monitorings saWiroebs, gansakuTrebiT bavSvTa kerZo seqtorSi<br />

Sromasa Tu SromiT eqspluataciasTan dakavSirebiT.<br />

sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 168-169 muxlebi iTvaliswinebs<br />

pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobas Sromis Tavisuflebis xelyofis, Sromis<br />

kanonmdeblobis darRvevis, Sromis dacvis wesis darRvevisTvis:<br />

muxli 168. Sromis Tavisuflebis xelyofa<br />

58

Sromis Tavisuflebis xelyofa, ese igi nebismieri saxis kanonier SromiT<br />

saqmianobaSi xelis SeSla ZaladobiT an Zaladobis muqariT,- isjeba<br />

jarimiT an gamasworebeli samuSaoTi vadiT erT wlamde anda Tavisuflebis<br />

aRkveTiT vadiT or wlamde.<br />

muxli 169. Sromis kanonmdeblobis darRveva<br />

samuSaodan ukanonod daTxovna, samuSaoze aRd<strong>ge</strong>nis Sesaxeb sasamarTlo<br />

gadawyvetilebis Seusrulebloba an Sromis kanonmdeblobis sxva<br />

arsebiTi darRveva,- isjeba jarimiT an Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT or<br />

wlamde, Tanamdebobis dakavebis an saqmianobis uflebis CamorTmeviT vadiT<br />

sam wlamde an uamisod.<br />

sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi ar iTvaliswinebs specialur normas<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> Sromis kanonmdeblobis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi.<br />

saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 42 4 muxli<br />

iTvaliswinebs administraciul pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobas <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong><br />

SromiTi uflebebis darRvevis gamo da damsaqmeblis mier Sromis<br />

kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> SromiTi<br />

uflebebis darRveva gamoiwvevs dajarimebas Sromis anazRaurebis oras<br />

minimalur odenobamde. Tumca, am muxlSi ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli<br />

damamZimebeli garemoebebi, rogoricaa aseTi qmedebis araerTgzis Cadena,<br />

an SemTxvevebi, romelTac gamoiwvies bavSvis janmrTelobisaTvis zianis<br />

miyeneba.<br />

• Sromis kodeqsi ar gansazRvravs zeganakveTur samuSaoze<br />

arasrulwlovnis dasaqmebis pirobebs.<br />

• mizanSewonilad miviCnevT kanonqvemdebare aqtiT ganisazRvros<br />

kulturis, xelovnebis, sportis an reklamis sferoSi monawileobis<br />

miRebis mizniT bavSvis Sromis gamoyenebis wesi da pirobebi..<br />

• rac Seexeba <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> dacvas maT usafrTxoebas,<br />

janmrTelobasa da ganviTarebasTan dakavSirebul nebismieri<br />

riskisagan, sasurvelia Sromis kodeqSi srulad aisaxos aRniSnuli<br />

normebi.<br />

• aucileblad migvaCnia Sromis kodeqsSi calke Tavad Camoyalibdes<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> Sromis specifikis maregulirebeli yvela norma<br />

zemoTaRniSnuli rekomendaciebis gaTvaliswinebiT.<br />

59

• aucilebelia saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis SesabamisobaSi moyvana<br />

“bavSvTa Sromis ukiduresi formebis akrZalvisa da dauyovnebliv<br />

aRmofxvris RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb” Jenevis konvenciasTan.<br />

• saqarTvelos parlamentis mier ar aris ratificirebuli Sromis<br />

saerTaSoriso organizaciis #79 da #90 konvenciebi<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> Ramis Sromis akrZalvis Sesaxeb, romlis me-3<br />

muxlis Tanaxmad 16 wlamde asakis bavSvebs garantirebuli unda<br />

hqondeT 12 saaTiT dasvenebis, xolo 14 wlamde asakis bavSvebs ki –<br />

14 saaTiT dasvenebis ufleba.<br />

• sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi ar iTvaliswinebs specialur normas<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> Sromis kanonmdeblobis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi.<br />

• saqarTvelos administraciul. samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis muxli<br />

42 4 muxli iTvaliswinebs sanqciebs <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> SromiTi<br />

uflebebis darRvevisaTTvis. Tumca, ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli<br />

damamZimebeli garemoebebi, rogoricaa aseTi qmedebis araerTgzis<br />

Cadena, an SemTxvevebi, romelTac gamoiwvies bavSvis<br />

janmrTelobisaTvis zianis miyeneba.<br />

• gaero-s bavSvTa dacvis komitetis rekomendaciebis Tanaxmad,<br />

sasurvelia saqarTvelo SeuerTdes 1990 wlis saerTaSoriso<br />

konvencias "migrant mSromelTa da maTi ojaxis wevrTa uflebaTa<br />

dacvis Sesaxeb".<br />

II.4. msoflio turistuli organizacia<br />

ix. zemoT, I.6.<br />

II.5. ltolvilTa da saerTaSoriso humanitaruli samarTali<br />

• 1951 wlis konvencia da 1967 wlis oqmi ltolvilTa statusis Sesaxeb<br />

konvencia Seicavs ltolvilTa uflebebis samarTlebrivi dacvis ZiriTad<br />

meqanizmebs ltolvil bavSvTa Sromis eqspluataciis akrZalvis CaTvliT.<br />

60

saqarTvelo 1951 wlis konvencias da 1967 wlis oqms ltolvilTa<br />

statusis Sesaxeb parlamentis 1999 wlis 28 maisis dad<strong>ge</strong>nilebis<br />

safuZvelze SeuerTda. konvenciis me-40 muxlis 1 punqtis Sesabamisad<br />

saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis aRd<strong>ge</strong>namde konvencia moqmedebs<br />

mxolod im teritoriaze, sadac vrceldeba saqarTvelos iurisdiqcia.<br />

• 1987 wlis gaero-s ltolvilTa umaRlesi komisris daskvna # 47<br />

ltolvil bavSvTa Sesaxeb.<br />

es dokumenti Seicavs mowodebas ltolvil bavSvTa mimarT maTi<br />

uflebebis Semlaxveli yovelgvari qmedebis, maT Soris ltolvil<br />

bavSvTa seqsualuri eqspluataciisa da <strong>trefikingis</strong> aRmofxvris Taobaze.<br />

1998 wels saqarTvelos parlamentma moaxdina saqarTvelos mTavrobasa da<br />

gaero-s ltolvilTa umaRlesi komisars Soris 1996 wlis 11 seqtembris<br />

SeTanxmebis ratifikacia.<br />

1998 wlis 4 marts saqarTvelos parlamentma moaxdina "saqarTvelos<br />

republikasa da migraciis saerTaSoriso organizacias Soris<br />

TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb" SeTanxmebis ratifikacia.<br />

SeniSvnebi da rekomendaciebi<br />

• saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba ar iTvaliswinebs devnilis an<br />

iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli piris statusis miniWebis gansakuTrebul<br />

wesebs bavSvebisTvis maTi asakidan gamomdinare Taviseburebebis<br />

gaTvaliswinebiT, araferia naTqvami saxelmwifo organoebis<br />

movaleobaze xeli Seuwyon ltolvil da iZulebiT gadaadgilebul<br />

bavSTa SeerTebas TavianT ojaxebTan da amis ganxorcielebis<br />

gzebze, sakuTari uflebebis ganmartebis movaleobaze im<br />

bavSvebisTvis, romlebic mimarTaven Sesabamis saxelmwifo uwyebebs<br />

devnilis an iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli piris statusis<br />

mosapoveblad;<br />

• aucilebelia devnil da ltolvil bavSvTa uflebebisa da<br />

interesebis dasacavad mimarTuli sakanonmdeblo bazis srulyofa<br />

61

da maTi SesabamisobaSi moyvana saerTaSoriso samarTlebriv<br />

standartebTan;<br />

• aucilebelia kanonqvemdebare aqtebis SemuSaveba devnil da<br />

ltolvil bavSvTa dakarguli da ugzo-ukvlod gauCinarebuli<br />

mSoblebisa da ojaxis sxva wevrebis Sesaxeb informaciis moZiebisa<br />

da konfliqtis Sedegad darRveuli ojaxebis SeerTebis<br />

xelSemwyobi RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb;<br />

saerTaSoriso humanitaruli samarTali<br />

• 1949 wlis Jenevis konvenciis damatebiTi oqmi saerTaSoriso saomari<br />

konfliqtebis msxverplTa dacvis Sesaxeb<br />

oqmis 75-e muxlis Tanaxmad monawile saxelmwifoebi iReben<br />

valdebulebas Sida kanonmdeblobiT akrZalon saomari konfliqtebis<br />

msxverpl bavSvTa pativisa da Rirsebis Semlaxveli nebismieri qmedeba,<br />

maTdami damamcirebeli mopyroba, maTi iZulebiTi prostitucia da<br />

gaupatiureba.<br />

saqarTvelos parlamentma 1949 wlis Jenevis konvenciis damatebiTi oqmis<br />

da misi cvlilebebis ratifikacia 2005 wlis 13 oqtombers moaxdina.<br />

II.6. regionaluri samarTlebrivi meqanizmebi<br />

• 1990 wlis bavSvis uflebaTa afrikuli qartia<br />

qartiis 27-e muxli avaldebulebs monawile saxelmwifoebs miiRon<br />

zomebi, raTa aRkveTon: “a) bavSvTa stimulireba da waxaliseba maTTan<br />

nebismieri saxis seqsualuri kontaqtis damyarebis mizniT, b) bavSvTa<br />

Cabma prostituciasa da sxva saxis seqsualur praqtikaSi, bavSvTa<br />

gamoyeneba pornografiul produqciasa da warmod<strong>ge</strong>nebSi”. 29-e muxli<br />

mouwodebs saxelmwifoebs sisxlis samarTlis pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bloba daawesos<br />

bavSviT vaWrobasa da TrefiqingSi CarTuli nebismieri piris mimarT<br />

“mSoblebisa da sxva kanonieri meurveebisa Tu mzrunvelebis CaTvliT”.<br />

• 1994 wlis inter-amerikuli konvencia <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> saerTaSoriso<br />

trefiqingis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong><br />

62

konvencia aregulirebs <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> saerTaSoriso TrefiqingTan<br />

<strong>brZolis</strong> samoqalaqo da sisxlis samarTlebriv aspeqtebs. kerZod,<br />

konvencia moicavs 18 wels miuRwevel pirTa dacvis garantiebs maT<br />

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> mimarTuli “ukanono miznebisa da saSualebebisagan”. Eaqve<br />

xdeba am ukanasknelTa definireba “prostituciis, seqsualuri<br />

eqspluataciis, monobis Tanamedrove formebis…” saxiT.<br />

• 1961 wlis evropuli socialuri qartia<br />

es qartia warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis<br />

damatebiT instruments, romelic ZalaSi Sevida 1965 wlidan. qartiis me-2<br />

Tavis VII-X muxlebis Tanaxmad monawile saxelmwifoebma unda<br />

uzrunvelyon “bavSvTa gansakuTrebuli dacva yvela saxis fizikuri Tu<br />

moraluri Seuracyofisa Tu Zaladobisagan, romelic, sxvebTan erTad,<br />

SesaZloa dakavSirebuli iyos bavSvTa SromasTanac”.<br />

• 1996 wlis evropuli konvencia bavSvis uflebaTa ganxorcielebis<br />

Sesaxeb<br />

konvencia evropis sabWom 1996 wlis 25 maiss miiRo. konvenciis ZiriTad<br />

mizans warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns samarTlis procesualuri normebis srulyofa<br />

bavSvis uflebaTa dacvis garantiebis gasamtkiceblad.<br />

saqarTvelos parlaments konvenciis ratifikacia ar mouxdenia.<br />

• 1991 wlis evropis sabWos monawile saxelmwifoTa ministrTa<br />

komitetis # R (91) 11 rekomendaciebi<br />

rekomendaciebi avaldebulebs monawile saxelmwifoebs moaxdinon<br />

kanonmdeblobis gadasinjva bavSvTa komerciuli seqsualuri<br />

eqspluataciis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> mimarTuli samarTlebrivi meqanizmebis<br />

gaZlierebis mizniT.<br />

• 2000 wlis 19 maisis evropis sabWos monawile saxelmwifoTa ministrTa<br />

komitetis # R (2000) 11 rekomendaciebi seqsualuri eqspluataciis<br />

mizniT adamianTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> mimarTul RonisZiebaTa<br />

Sesaxeb<br />

63

ekomendaciebis 2-5 muxlebi Seicaven mowodebas wevri<br />

saxelmwifoebisadmi gaataron aucilebeli sakanonmdeblo da praqtikuli<br />

zomebi <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverpli bavSvebis uflebaTa dacvis<br />

uzrunvelsayofad, maT dasaxmareblad mimarTuli sareabilitacio<br />

programebis gansaxorcieleblad, trefikingze pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bel pirTa<br />

mimarT damsjeli RonisZiebebis gasatareblad, seqs-turizmisa aRsakveTad,<br />

seqsualuri eqspluataciis mizniT <strong>trefikingis</strong> saerTaSoriso<br />

organizebul danaSaulad mosaazreblad da mis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong><br />

koordinirebuli moqmedebebiT sabrZolvelad. rekomendaciebis me-4 Tavi<br />

eZRvneba am danaSaulis prevencias sainformacio kampaniebisa da<br />

saganmanaTleblo programebis ganxorcielebis gziT, me-5 Tavi mTlianad<br />

eTmoba Trefiqingis msxverplTa socialuri da samarTlebriv dacvis<br />

RonisZiebebs, rogorc im saxelmwifoSi, romlis mkvidrnic isini arian,<br />

aseve daniSnulebis saxelmwifoSic, am ukanasknelSi msxverplTaTvis<br />

droebiTi sacxovrebeli statusis miniWebis SesaZleblobis CaTvliT.<br />

• 2005 wlis 16 maisis evropuli konvencia adamianebiT ukanono<br />

vaWrobis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb<br />

saqarTvelos parlamentSi mimdinareobs konvenciis ratifikaciis<br />

procesi (dawvrilebiT ix. qvemoT).<br />

interpoli<br />

interpolma, romelic pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>belia kriminaluri policiis organoebs<br />

Soris TanamSromlobisa da urTierTdaxmarebis xelSewyobaze, mTavari<br />

roli unda iTamaSos trefikingTan brZolaSi. adreul etapze wevrma<br />

saxelmwifoebma gamoTqves wuxili samxreT aRmosavleT aziidan dasavleT<br />

evropaSi gadayvanil qalTa pirveli talRis Sedegad. arsebobda<br />

informaciis gacvlis gaumjobesebis saWiroeba iseTi ukanono qmedebebis<br />

Sesaxeb, rogoricaa fiqtiuri qorwineba, ukanono Sesvla da gayalbebuli<br />

saidentifikacio safuTebis gamoyeneba. am dros msjelobis mTavari sagani<br />

64

iyo ara am qmedebaTa msxverpli qalebis interesebi, aramed ukanono<br />

migracia, rogorc organizebuli danaSaulebrivi saqmianoba.<br />

<strong>ge</strong>neraluri asambleis mier miniWebuli kompetenciis Sesabamisad,<br />

interpolma miiRo mravaldargovani midgoma, romelic yvela uwyebas<br />

moqmedebaTa koordinaciisaken mouwodebda. gaerTianebuli erebis<br />

organizaciisa da evropis kavSiris Sesabamis organoebTan<br />

TanamSromlobiT organizebul iqna erToblivi kampania adamianTa<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong>a da prostituciis eqspluataciis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>. gansakuTrebiT<br />

efeqturi sainformacio qselis meSveobiT interpolma aseve daiwyo<br />

adamianTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> Sesaxeb monacemTa Segroveba.<br />

II.7. msoflio kongresi bavSvTa komerciuli seqsualuri<br />

eqspluataciis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>: stokholmis da iokohamas<br />

deklaraciebi<br />

stokholmis kongresi<br />

pirveli msoflio kongresi bavSvTa komerciuli seqsualuri<br />

eqspluataciis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> 1996 wlis 27-31 agvistos gaimarTa stokholmSi.<br />

aRniSnuli kongresis iniciatori gaxldaT aziur turizmSi bavSvTa<br />

prostituciis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> mebrZoli organizacia - ECPAT, da igi<br />

warmoad<strong>ge</strong>nda bavSvTa komerciuli seqsualuri eqspluataciis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong><br />

1994 wels dawyebul globaluri mobilizaciis kampaniis kulminacias.<br />

kongresis mimdinareobis manZilze bavSvis uflebaTa, da kerZod<br />

komerciuli seqsualuri eqspluataciisagan bavSvTa dacvis problemam<br />

msoflio sazogadoebriobis manamde arnaxuli yuradReba miipyro. “niu<br />

iork Taimsis” 28 agvistos nomeri pirvel gverdze auwyebda mkiTxvels,<br />

rom “xangrZlivi ignorirebis Semdeg, rogorc iqna, bavSvTa prostituciis<br />

65

problema mravalma saxelmwifom aRiara da mis aRmosafxvrelad<br />

gadamwyveti zomebis miReba daiwyo”.<br />

kongresis organizatori gaxldaT SvedeTis mTavroba ECPAT-Tan, gaeros<br />

bavSvTa fondTan da bavSvis uflebaTa konvenciisaTvis arasamTavrobo<br />

organizaciebis Jenevis jgufTan erTad.<br />

kongress daeswro 122 qveynis oficialuri samTavrobo delegacia da<br />

gaero-sa da sxva samTavrobaTaSoriso organizaciebis 718<br />

warmomad<strong>ge</strong>neli; 1300 delegats Soris aseve farTod iyo warmod<strong>ge</strong>nili<br />

arasamTavrobo da komerciuli seqtoric. Kkongresis pirveli ori dRe<br />

samTavrobo da samTavrobaTaSoriso organizaciaTa delegaciebis<br />

gamosvlebs daeTmo. 28 agvistos Semdgar meoTxe plenarul sesiaze ki<br />

delegatebma erTxmad miiRes winamdebare deklaracia da samoqmedo <strong>ge</strong>gma.<br />

Aam dokumentebis momzadebas 18-Tviani periodi dasWirda da maTTvis<br />

saboloo saxis micema mxolod sxvadasxva alternatiuli proeqtebis<br />

SejerebiT gaxda SesaZlebeli.<br />

kongresis mTavar Sedegad unda miviCnioT monawile saxelmwifoebis<br />

SeTanxmeba mravalmxrivi da integrirebuli strategiisa da qmedebebis<br />

gaZlierebis gziT 2000 wlisaTvis bavSvTa komerciuli seqsualuri<br />

eqspluataciis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> mimarTuli erovnuli samoqmedo <strong>ge</strong>gmis<br />

SemuSavebis Taobaze.<br />

bavSvTa komerciuli seqsualuri eqspluataciis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> kongresis<br />

samoqmedo <strong>ge</strong>gmis ganxorcielebis pirveli angariSi 1997 wlis agvistoSi<br />

gamoqveynda. sadReisod 4 aseTi angariSia saxeze da ukanaskneli maTgani<br />

2000 wliT TariRdeba.<br />

stokholmis kongresma dasaxa partniorobisa da TanamSromlobis<br />

sruliad konkretuli gzebi sazogadoebis yvela seqtors Soris bavSvTa<br />

seqsualuri eqspluataciis, gansakuTrebiT ki bavSvTa prostituciis,<br />

bavSvTa pornografiisa da seqsualuri eqspluataciis mizniT bavSvTa<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> sabrZolvelad. kongresma safuZveli Cauyara<br />

bavSvTa komerciuli seqsualuri eqspluataciis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong><br />

legitimurobasa da am procesis gamWirvalobas.<br />

kongresis pirvelma pozitiurma Sede<strong>ge</strong>bma sul raRac erT weliwadSi<br />

iCines Tavi. mravalma Qqveyanam dayovnebliv SeimuSava erovnuli<br />

samoqmedo programa bavSvTa komerciuli seqsualuri eqspluataciis<br />

66

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>. 20-ze metma saxelmwifom saswrafod daiwyo Sesabamisi<br />

samarTlebrivi reformis gatareba. magaliTad, tailands ukve 1998 wels<br />

miRebuli hqonda 2 kanoni bavSvTa prostituciisa da <strong>trefikingis</strong><br />

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>. irlandiam, kanadam da didma britaneTma rig sxva<br />

saxelmwifoebTan erTad miiRes eqstrateritorialuri sisxlis<br />

samarTlis kanonmdebloba, romelic iTvaliswinebs am saxelmwifoebis<br />

mkvidrTa da moqalaqeTa mier sxva saxelmwifos teritoriaze Cadenil<br />

bavSvis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> mimarTul seqsualur danaSaulTa dasjadobas.<br />

stokholmis kongresma erTgvari katalizatoris funqcia Seasrula<br />

gaero-s im uwyebaTa saqmianobisTvisac, romelTa samandato<br />

uflebamosilebac adamianis, da kerZod, bavSvis uflebaTa dacvaze<br />

zrunvas iTvaliswinebs. BbavSvis uflebaTa komitetma Tavis<br />

rekomendaciebSi monawile saxelmwifoTa mimarT gaero-s bavSvis<br />

uflebaTa konvenciis Sesrulebis Sesaxeb maT mier warsad<strong>ge</strong>ni angariSis<br />

momzadebis Taobaze TvalsaCino adgili dauTmo stokholmis<br />

deklaracias. Aam deklaraciis miRebiT mniSvnelovnad gaZlierda bavSviT<br />

vaWrobis sakiTxebze gaero-s specialuri momxseneblis moqmedebis<br />

mandatic da man sayovelTao saerTaSoriso da erovnuli mxardaWera<br />

aRuTqves.<br />

gansakuTrebuli datvirTva SeiZina deklaraciis ganxorcielebis<br />

procesSi arasamTavrobo seqtorisa da Tavad bavSvebis monawileobamac,<br />

risi kulminaciuri gamovlenac gaxldaT 1998 wels viqtoriaSi (kanada)<br />

miRebuli seqsualurad eqspluatirebuli bavSvebisa da axalgazrdebis<br />

deklaracia da samoqmedo <strong>ge</strong>gma. gamoikveTa komerciuli seqtoris<br />

mxardaWeris aucileblobac: mravalma turistulma da samogzauro<br />

kompaniam gamoTqva mzadyofna ufro mWidro TanamSromlobisaTvis bavSvTa<br />

eqspluataciaze fokusirebuli seqs-turizmis aRsakveTad.<br />

iokohamas kongresi<br />

me-2 msoflio kongresi bavSvTa komerciuli seqsualuri eqspluataciis<br />

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> 2001 wlis dekemberSi gaimarTa iaponiis qalaq iokohamaSi<br />

iaponiis mTavrobis patronaJis qveS. Kkongresis organizatorebi iyvnen<br />

ECPAT, gaero-s bavSvTa fondi da bavSvis uflebebze momuSave<br />

67

arasamTavrobo organizaciaTa jgufi. kongresis ZiriTad miznebs<br />

Sead<strong>ge</strong>nda:<br />

• pirvel msoflio kongresze miRebuli samoqmedo programis<br />

ganxorcielebisaTvis nakisri politikuri valdebulebebis<br />

gafarToeba;<br />

• samoqmedo programis implementaciis mimdinareobis mimoxilva<br />

gamocdilebisa da optimaluri Sede<strong>ge</strong>bis gaziarebis CaTvliT;<br />

• bavSvTa komerciuli seqsualuri eqspluataciis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong><br />

procesSi warmoCenil ZiriTad problemur sferoTa gansazRvra;<br />

• msoflio kongresis Sedegad dawyebul procesTa gaZliereba.<br />

iakohamas kongresis dRis wesrigSi 6 ZiriTadi Tema gaxldaT<br />

gansaxilvelad:<br />

gaero-s bavSvTa fondi<br />

1. komerciuli seqsualuri eqspluataciis mizniT bavSvTa trefikingi;<br />

2. kanonmdebloba da samarTaldamcavi organoebi;<br />

arasamTavrobo organizaciaTa jgufi<br />

3. bavSvTa prevencia, dacva da reabilitacia komerciuli seqsualuri<br />

eqspluataciisagan;<br />

4. seqsualuri eqspluatatoris profili;<br />

ECPAT (moZraoba “bolo moeRos bavSvTa prostitucias aziur<br />

turizmSi”)<br />

5. bavSvTa pornografia;<br />

6. kerZo seqtoris roli da monawileoba.<br />

kongresi dasrulda Semajamebeli dokumentis miRebiT, romelsac xeli<br />

moawera 122 saxelmwifos uflebamosilma warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nelma da romelSiac<br />

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> <strong>trefikingis</strong> <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong><br />

sakanonmdeblo zomebis gaZlierebas eTmoba, rogorc erovnul, aseve<br />

saerTaSoriso doneze.<br />

68

II.9. transnacionaluri organizebuli danaSaulis<br />

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> gaeros konvenciis oqmi (2000) adamianebis,<br />

gansakuTrebiT qalebisa da bavSvebis <strong>trefikingis</strong> Tavidan<br />

acilebis, aRkveTisa da dasjis Sesaxeb da misi SedarebiTi<br />

analizi saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobasTan<br />

2000 wlis 15 dekembers italiis qalaq palermoSi miRebul iqna gaero-s<br />

konvencia organizebuli transnacionaluri organizebuli danaSaulis<br />

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> da misi fakultaturi oqmi «adamianTa, gansakuTrebiT ki<br />

qalTa da bavSvTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> Tavidan acilebisa da aRkveTis Sesaxeb».<br />

saqarTvelos parlamentis mier gaeros konvenciis oqmis ratifikacia<br />

moxda 2006 wlis 7 ivnisis # 3202-Is dad<strong>ge</strong>nilebis safuZvelze.<br />

oqmis ZiriTad miznebs Sead<strong>ge</strong>ns:<br />

4. <strong>trefikingis</strong>, gansakuTrebiT bavSvTa da qalTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> Tavidan<br />

acileba da mis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> brZola;<br />

5. <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplTa dacva da maTdami daxmareba;<br />

6. am mizniT wevr-saxelmwifoTa Soris TanamSromlobis ganmtkiceba.<br />

palermos oqmis Tanaxmad, trefikingi niSnavs adamianTa gadabirebas,<br />

transportirebas, gadayvanas, Sefarebas an miRebas muqaris, Zalis<br />

gamoyenebis an iZulebis sxva saSualebebiT, motacebiT, TaRliTobiT,<br />

motyuebiT, Zalauflebis an piris umweobis borotad gamoyenebiT, an im<br />

piris Tanxmobis misaRwevad Tanxis an sxva sar<strong>ge</strong>blis micemiT an miRebiT,<br />

visi damokidebulebis qveSac imyofeba meore piri, am adamianTa<br />

eqspluataciis mizniT.<br />

eqspluatacia, rogorc minimum gulisxmobs sxvaTa prostituciis<br />

eqspluatacias an sqesobrivi eqspluataciis sxva formas, iZulebiT<br />

Sromas, an momsaxurebas, monobas an monobis msgavs mdgomareobas, monur<br />

Sromas an organoTa gadanergvas. amasTanave 18 wlis asakamde bavSvis<br />

gadabireba, transportireba, gadayvana, Sefareba an miReba eqspluataciis<br />

69

mizniT unda CaiTvalos trefikingad maSinac ki, rodesac gamoyenebuli<br />

ar yofila romelime saSualeba. <strong>trefikingis</strong> mocemuli ganmarteba sam<br />

gansxvavebul elements moicavs: kriminalur qmedebas (gadabirebas,<br />

transportirebas, gadayvanas, Sefasebas an miRebas), saSualebebs, romlis<br />

romliTac es kriminaluri qmedebaa Cadenili (muqara, Zalis gamoyeneba,<br />

motaceba, TaRliToba, motyueba da a.S.) da miznebs (eqspluatacia,<br />

sqesobrivi eqspluatacia, iZulebiTi Sroma, an momsaxureoba, monoba,<br />

monuri Sroma da a.S.) sul mcire TiToeuli am sami jgufidan erT-erTi<br />

elementi unda arsebobdes, rom saxeze gvqondes danaSauli-trefikingi.<br />

oqmis meore nawili iTvaliswinebs <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplTa daxmarebas,<br />

dacvas da repatriacias. TiToeuli wevri saxelmwifo valdebulia<br />

daicvas <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplTa piradi cxovreba da vinaoba, amasTanave<br />

trefikingTan dakavSirebuli samarTalwarmoebis konfidencialuroba.<br />

saxelmwifom unda uzrunvelyos <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplni informaciiT<br />

Sesabamis sasamarTlo da administraciul samarTalwarmoebaze, gauwios<br />

daxmareba, rom msxverplis Sexedulebebi da problemebi warmod<strong>ge</strong>nilni<br />

da mxedvelobaSi miRebulni iqnas damnaSaveTa <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> sisxlis<br />

samarTalwarmoebis Sesabamis stadiebze, imgvarad, rom ar Seilaxos<br />

dacvis mxaris uflebebi. monawile saxelmwifom unda miiRos iseTi<br />

zomebi, romelic xels Seuwyobs <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplTa fiziologiur,<br />

fsiqologiur da socialur gamojanmrTelebas.<br />

palermos oqmis inovaciebad sxva winamdebare anti-trefikingul<br />

standartebTan SedarebiT erTad miCneulia meti <strong>ge</strong>nderuli<br />

neitraliteti, rogorc qveynis SigniT, aseve mis gareTac arsebuli<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> dafarva, asakobrivi SezRudvis dakavSireba msxverplis<br />

Tanxmobis gaTvaliswinebasTan, msxverplTa dacvisa da reintegraciis<br />

gazrdili berketebi da a.S.<br />

Tumca aseve aRiniSneba, oqmis garkveuli naklovanebebic, rac ukavSirdeba<br />

“prostituciisa” da “seqsualuri eqspluataciis” definiciaTa<br />

ararsebobasa da “iZulebiTi Sromisa da momsaxurebis” arasrulyofil<br />

ganmartebas;<br />

70

sainteresoa SevadaroT palermos oqmSi mocemuli <strong>trefikingis</strong> ganmarteba<br />

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 143(1) da 143(2) muxlebSi<br />

mocemul analogiur definiciebs:<br />

palermos oqmi:<br />

(a) “trefikingi” niSnavs adamianTa gadabirebas, transportirebas,<br />

gadayvanas, Sefarebas an miRebas muqaris, Zalis gamoyenebis an iZulebis<br />

sxva saSualebiT, motacebiT, TaRliTobiT, motyuebiT, Zalauflebis an<br />

piris umweobis borotad gamoyenebiT an im piris Tanxmobis misaRwevad<br />

Tanxis an sxva sar<strong>ge</strong>blis micemiT an miRebiT, visi damokidebulebis<br />

qveSac imyofeba meore piri, am adamianTa eqspluataciis mizniT.<br />

eqspluatacia, rogorc minimum, gulisxmobs sxvaTa prostituciis<br />

eqspluatacias an sqesobrivi eqspluataciis sxva formas, iZulebiT<br />

Sromas an momsaxurebas, monobas an monobis msgavs mdgomareobas, monur<br />

Sromas an organoTa gadanergvas;<br />

(b) Tu gamoyenebulia am muxlis (a) qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli<br />

romelime saSualeba, adamianTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplis Tanxmobas<br />

aRniSnuli qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebul mis winaswarganzraxul<br />

eqspluataciaze mniSvneloba ar unda mieniWos;<br />

(c) bavSvis gadabireba, transportireba, gadayvana, Sefareba an miReba<br />

eqspluataciis mizniT unda CaiTvalos “trefikingad” maSinac ki, rodesac<br />

gamoyenebuli ar yofila am muxlis (a) qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli<br />

romelime saSualeba;<br />

(d) “bavSvi” gulisxmobs nebismier adamians 18 wlis asakamde.<br />

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi:<br />

ÌÖáËÉ 143 1 . ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÀ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉ) (25.07.2006 N 3530)<br />

1. ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÓ ÚÉÃÅÀ ÀÍ ÂÀÚÉÃÅÀ, ÀÍ ÌÉÓ ÌÉÌÀÒÈ ÓáÅÀ ÖÊÀÍÏÍÏ<br />

ÂÀÒÉÂÄÁÉÓ ÂÀÍáÏÒÝÉÄËÄÁÀ, ÀÂÒÄÈÅÄ ÌÖØÀÒÉÈ, ÞÀËÀÃÏÁÉÈ ÀÍ ÉÞÖËÄÁÉÓ<br />

ÓáÅÀ ×ÏÒÌÉÈ, ÌÏÔÀÝÄÁÉÈ, ÛÀÍÔÀÑÉÈ, ÈÀÙËÉÈÏÁÉÈ, ÌÏÔÚÖÄÁÉÈ, ÖÌßÄÏ<br />

ÌÃÂÏÌÀÒÄÏÁÉÓ ÀÍ ÞÀËÀÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÁÏÒÏÔÀà ÂÀÌÏÚÄÍÄÁÉÈ, ÓÀÆÙÀÖÒÉÓ ÀÍÃÀ<br />

ÓÀÒÂÄÁËÉÓ ÌÉÝÄÌÉÓ ÀÍ ÌÉÙÄÁÉÓ ÂÆÉÈ ÉÌ ÐÉÒÉÓ ÈÀÍáÌÏÁÉÓ ÌÉÓÀÙßÄÅÀÃ,<br />

ÒÏÌÄËÓÀÝ ÓáÅÀ ÐÉÒÆÄ ÆÄÂÀÅËÄÍÉÓ ÌÏáÃÄÍÀ ÛÄÖÞËÉÀ, ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÓ<br />

71

ÂÀÃÀÁÉÒÄÁÀ, ÂÀÃÀÚÅÀÍÀ, ÂÀÃÀÌÀËÅÀ, ÃÀØÉÒÀÅÄÁÀ, ÔÒÀÍÓÐÏÒÔÉÒÄÁÀ,<br />

ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÀ, ÛÄ×ÀÒÄÁÀ ÀÍÃÀ ÌÉÙÄÁÀ ÄØÓÐËÖÀÔÀÝÉÉÓ ÌÉÆÍÉÈ<br />

ÛÄÍÉÛÅÍÀ:<br />

1. ÊÏÃÄØÓÉÓ ÀÌ ÃÀ 143 2 ÌÖáËÄÁÉÓ ÌÉÆÍÄÁÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ,<br />

ÄØÓÐËÖÀÔÀÝÉÀÃ ÌÉÉÜÍÄÅÀ ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÓ ÂÀÌÏÚÄÍÄÁÀ ÉÞÖËÄÁÉÈÉ ÛÒÏÌÉÓ ÀÍ<br />

ÌÏÌÓÀáÖÒÄÁÉÓ, ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÄÁÒÉÅ ÀÍ ÓáÅÀ ÀÍÔÉÓÀÆÏÂÀÃÏÄÁÒÉÅ ØÌÄÃÄÁÀÛÉ<br />

ÀÍ ÐÒÏÓÔÉÔÖÝÉÀÛÉ ÜÀÁÌÉÓ, ÓÄØÓÖÀËÖÒÉ ÄØÓÐËÖÀÔÀÝÉÉÓ ÀÍ ÓáÅÀ ÓÀáÉÓ<br />

ÌÏÌÓÀáÖÒÄÁÉÓ ÂÀßÄÅÉÓ, ÌÏÍÏÁÉÓ ÌÓÂÀÅÓ ÌÃÂÏÌÀÒÄÏÁÀÛÉ ÀÍ ÌÏÍÏÁÉÓ<br />

ÈÀÍÀÌÄÃÒÏÅÄ ÐÉÒÏÁÄÁÛÉ ÜÀÚÄÍÄÁÉÓ ÌÉÆÍÉÈ, ÀÂÒÄÈÅÄ ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÓ<br />

ÉÞÖËÄÁÀ ÓáÄÖËÉÓ ÏÒÂÀÍÏÓ, ÏÒÂÀÍÏÓ ÍÀßÉËÉÓ ÀÍ ØÓÏÅÉËÉÓ ÂÀÃÀÍÄÒÂÅÉÓ<br />

ÀÍÃÀ ÓáÅÀÂÅÀÒÀà ÂÀÌÏÚÄÍÄÁÉÓ ÌÉÆÍÉÈ. ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÓ ÌÏÍÏÁÉÓ<br />

ÈÀÍÀÌÄÃÒÏÅÄ ÐÉÒÏÁÄÁÛÉ ÜÀÚÄÍÄÁÀ ÂÖËÉÓáÌÏÁÓ ÌÉÓÈÅÉÓ ÐÉÒÏÅÍÄÁÉÓ<br />

ÓÀÉÃÄÍÔÉ×ÉÊÀÝÉÏ ÃÏÊÖÌÄÍÔÄÁÉÓ ÜÀÌÏÒÈÌÄÅÀÓ, ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ÀËÉ<br />

ÂÀÃÀÀÃÂÉËÄÁÉÓ Ö×ËÄÁÉÓ ÛÄÆÙÖÃÅÀÓ, ÏãÀáÈÀÍ ÊÀÅÛÉÒÉÓ, ÌÀÈ ÛÏÒÉÓ,<br />

ÌÉÌÏßÄÒÉÓÀ ÃÀ ÓÀÔÄËÄ×ÏÍÏ ÊÏÍÔÀØÔÄÁÉÓ ÀÊÒÞÀËÅÀÓ, ÊÖËÔÖÒÖË<br />

ÉÆÏËÀÝÉÀÓ, ÐÀÔÉÅÉÓÀ ÃÀ ÙÉÒÓÄÁÉÓ ÛÄÌËÀáÅÄË ÐÉÒÏÁÄÁÛÉ ÀÍÃÀ<br />

ÚÏÅÄËÂÅÀÒÉ ÀÍÀÆÙÀÖÒÄÁÉÓ ÂÀÒÄÛÄ ÀÍ ÀÒÀÀÃÄÊÅÀÔÖÒÉ ÀÍÀÆÙÀÖÒÄÁÉÈ<br />

ÌÖÛÀÏÁÉÓ ÉÞÖËÄÁÀÓ. ÐÉÒÉÓ ÈÀÍáÌÏÁÀÓ ÌÉÓ ßÉÍÀÓßÀÒÂÀÍÆÒÀáÖË<br />

ÄØÓÐËÖÀÔÀÝÉÀÆÄ ÌÍÉÛÅÍÄËÏÁÀ ÀÒÀ ÀØÅÓ.<br />

ÌÖáËÉ 143 2 . ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÀ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉ) (25.07.2006 N<br />

3530)<br />

1. ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÚÉÃÅÀ ÀÍ ÂÀÚÉÃÅÀ, ÀÍ ÌÉÓ ÌÉÌÀÒÈ ÓáÅÀ ÖÊÀÍÏÍÏ<br />

ÂÀÒÉÂÄÁÉÓ ÂÀÍáÏÒÝÉÄËÄÁÀ, ÀÂÒÄÈÅÄ ÌÉÓÉ ÂÀÃÀÁÉÒÄÁÀ, ÂÀÃÀÚÅÀÍÀ,<br />

ÂÀÃÀÌÀËÅÀ, ÃÀØÉÒÀÅÄÁÀ, ÔÒÀÍÓÐÏÒÔÉÒÄÁÀ, ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÀ, ÛÄ×ÀÒÄÁÀ ÀÍÃÀ<br />

ÌÉÙÄÁÀ ÄØÓÐËÖÀÔÀÝÉÉÓ ÌÉÆÍÉÈ,<br />

rogorc vxedavT, definiciebi srul TanxvedraSia erTmaneTTan,<br />

ramdenadac <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> trefikingi d<strong>ge</strong>ba maSinac, rodesac<br />

adgili ara aqvs muqaras, Zalis gamoyenebas an iZulebis sxva saSualebas,<br />

motacebas, TaRliTobas, motyuebas, Zalauflebis an piris umweobis<br />

borotad gamoyenebas da a.S. <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> SemTxvevaSi, cxadia, mis<br />

Tanxmobas winaswarganzraxul eqspluataciaze mniSvneloba ara aqvs.<br />

magram gaurkvevelia analogiuri sakiTxi srulwlovanTa SemTxvevaSi.<br />

ssk-s mixedviT es debuleba maTzec Tanabrad vrceldeba, Tumca zemoT<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> definiciis sakiTxis mimoxilvisas, Cven moviyvaneT is<br />

72

argumentebi, ris mixedviTac unda moxdes palermos oqmis me-3 muxlis<br />

implementacia saxelmwifoTa Sida kanonmdeblobebSi.<br />

palermos oqmis me-6 muxliT TiToeulma monawile saxelmwifom unda<br />

gaiTvaliswinos <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplTa asaki, sqesi da specialuri<br />

moTxovnilebebi, gansakuTrebiT bavSvebis specialuri moTxovnilebebi,<br />

saTanado sacxovrebeli pirobebis, ganaTlebisa da mzrunvelobis<br />

CaTvliT.<br />

saqarTvelos kanonSi adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong><br />

<strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb (2006 wlis 8 aprili) es debuleba gadmotanilia,<br />

rogorc minimaluri standarti da met dakonkretebas saWiroebs:<br />

muxli 20<br />

5. ÀÌ ÌÖáËÉÈ ÂÀÈÅÀËÉÓßÉÍÄÁÖËÉ ÅÀËÃÄÁÖËÄÁÄÁÉÓ ÛÄÓÒÖËÄÁÉÓÀÓ<br />

ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ) ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÈÀ ÌÏÌÓÀáÖÒÄÁÉÓ ÚÅÄËÀ<br />

ÃÀßÄÓÄÁÖËÄÁÀÌ (ÈÀÅÛÄÓÀ×ÀÒÌÀ) ÖÍÃÀ ÂÀÉÈÅÀËÉÓßÉÍÏÓ ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÈÀ<br />

ÀÓÀÊÉ, ÓØÄÓÉ ÃÀ ÓÐÄÝÉÀËÖÒÉ ÌÏÈáÏÅÍÄÁÉ, ÂÀÍÓÀÊÖÈÒÄÁÉÈ, ÁÀÅÛÅÄÁÉÓ<br />

ÓÐÄÝÉÀËÖÒÉ ÌÏÈáÏÅÍÄÁÉ, ÛÄÓÀÁÀÌÉÓÉ ÓÀÝáÏÅÒÄÁËÉÈ, ÂÀÍÀÈËÄÁÉÈÀ ÃÀ<br />

ÌÆÒÖÍÅÄËÏÁÉÈ ÖÆÒÖÍÅÄËÚÏ×ÉÓ ÈÀÏÁÀÆÄ.<br />

amave kanonis me-20 muxlis me-6 punqti axdens im saerTaSoriso<br />

standartebze referirebas, romelTa gamoyenebac unda moxdes<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverpl bavSvTa mimarT, magram am CamonaTvalSi palermos<br />

oqmi ar aris:<br />

muxli 20<br />

6. ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ) ÌÓáÅÄÒÐË, ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖË<br />

ÁÀÅÛÅÈÀ ÌÉÌÀÒÈ ÂÀÌÏÉÚÄÍÄÁÀ ÂÀÄÒÈÉÀÍÄÁÖËÉ ÄÒÄÁÉÓ ÏÒÂÀÍÉÆÀÝÉÉÓ<br />

1989 ßËÉÓ 29 ÍÏÄÌÁÒÉÓ „ÁÀÅÛÅÈÀ Ö×ËÄÁÀÈÀ“ ÊÏÍÅÄÍÝÉÉÈ ÃÀ<br />

„ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÄÁÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ) ßÉÍÀÀÙÌÃÄ ÁÒÞÏËÉÓ ÛÄÓÀáÄÁ“<br />

ÄÅÒÏÐÉÓ ÓÀÁàÏÓ ÊÏÍÅÄÍÝÉÉÈ ÂÀÈÅÀËÉÓßÉÍÄÁÖËÉ ÁÀÅÛÅÉÓ Ö×ËÄÁÀÈÀ<br />

ÃÀÝÅÉÓ ÌÄØÀÍÉÆÌÄÁÉ ÃÀ ÓÀÄÒÈÀÛÏÒÉÓÏ ÏÒÂÀÍÉÆÀÝÉÄÁÉÓ ÌÉÄÒ ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ<br />

ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ) ÌÓáÅÄÒÐË ÁÀÅÛÅÈÀ Ö×ËÄÁÄÁÉÓ ÃÀÝÅÉÓ ÛÄÓÀáÄÁ<br />

ÌÉÙÄÁÖËÉ ÓÀáÄËÌÞÙÅÀÍÄËÏ ÌÉÈÉÈÄÁÄÁÉ.<br />

73

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT aseve ar aris daregulirebuli palermos<br />

oqmis is debuleba, romlis mixedviTac monawile saxelmwifoTa<br />

samarTaldamcavma, saemigracio da sxva Sesabamisma uwyebebma, saWiroebis<br />

mixedviT, erTmaneTTan unda iTanamSromlon informaciis gacvlis gziT,<br />

maTi Sida kanonmdeblobebis Sesabamisad, raTa daadginon:<br />

(a) arian Tu ara trefikerebi an <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplni is pirebi,<br />

romlebic sxvisi samgzavro dokumentebiT an samgzavro dokumentebis<br />

gareSe kveTen an cdiloben gadakveTon saerTaSoriso sazRvari;<br />

(b) ra saxis samgzavro dokumentebi iqna gamoyenebuli an ra saxis<br />

samgzavro dokumentebis gamoyenebis mcdelobas hqonda adgili<br />

saerTaSoriso sazRvris gadakveTis dros <strong>trefikingis</strong> danaSaulis<br />

Cadenis mizniT; da<br />

(c) damnaSaveTa organizebuli jgufebis mier <strong>trefikingis</strong> mizniT<br />

gamoyenebuli saSualebebi da meTodebi, maT Soris msxverplTa<br />

gadabireba da transportireba, aseT jgufebsa da trefikingSi monawile<br />

pirebs Soris arsebuli kavSirebi da marSrutebi da maTi gamovlenis<br />

SesaZlo gzebi.<br />

palermos oqmis me-11 muxlis me-3 da me-4 punqtebis Tanaxmad komerciul<br />

gadamzidvelTaTvis, maT Soris nebismieri satransporto kompaniis an<br />

satransporto saSualebis mflobelTaTvis da operatorebisaTvis<br />

dakisrebul unda iqnas valdebuleba, rom yvela mgzavri flobdes<br />

mimReb saxelmwifoSi SesvlisaTvis saWiro yvela aucilebel samgzavro<br />

dokuments. am valdebulebis darRvevisTvis ki unda dawesdes sanqciebi.<br />

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT aRniSnuli norma ar aris regulirebuli.<br />

II.10. evropis sabWos rekomendaciebi<br />

74

seqsualuri eqspluataciis mizniT adamianTa trefikingi, evropis sabWos<br />

ministrTa komitetis mier 2000 wlis 19 maiss miRebuli rekomendacia # R<br />

(2000)<br />

evropis sabWos wevri saxelmwifoebisadmi ministrTa komitetis<br />

rekomendacia # R (91)11 romelic exeba bavSvebisa da mozardebis<br />

seqsualur eqspluatacias, pornografiasa da prostitucias da<br />

trefikings Seicavs zomebs, romelic dakavSirebulia <strong>trefikingis</strong><br />

saSiSroebis Sesaxeb bavSvebisa da mozardebis informirebasa da<br />

ganaTlebasTan.<br />

am rekomendaciis teqsti ganamtkicebs am midgomas, iwvevs ra wevr<br />

saxelmwifoTa mTavrobebs xeli Seuwyos saskolo programebSi sqesTa<br />

Soris Tanasworobasa da adamianis uflebebis pativiscemas. moswavleebis<br />

mier am koncefciebis ukeTesi SeTviseba naklebad SesaZlebels gaxdis<br />

rom isini mogvianebiT iqcnen iseTi movlenis msxverplad, rogoricaa<br />

trefikingi.<br />

bavSvebisa da mozardebis mier gaweuli <strong>trefikingis</strong> da seqsualuri<br />

eqspluataciis riskis Sesaxeb informacia unda gavrceldes<br />

SeZlebisdagvarad farTod da gansakuTrebiT unda Seecadon raTa man<br />

miaRwios gariyul adamianebamde (bavSvebamde, zrdasrulebsa da<br />

mozardebamde, romlebic ganaTlebis sistemis miRma arian, miRweva unda<br />

SeiZlebodes magaliTad axalgazrdebis mimReb centrebSi).<br />

evropis sabWos ministrTa komitetis rekomendacia # R (91)11 mouwodebs<br />

saxelmwifoebs uzrunvelyon <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverpli da mowme bavSvebi<br />

Cvenebis micemisa da dakiTxvis specialuri saSualebebiT (audio da<br />

video Canawerebi), raTa SeZlebisdagvarad acilebul iqnes mosmenisa da<br />

calkeuli dapirispirebis ganmeoreba, da Semsubuqdes samarTalwarmoebis<br />

matramvirebeli Sede<strong>ge</strong>bi.<br />

ukanasknel wlebSi mravalma saxelmwifom ganaviTara am teqnikuri<br />

resursebis gamoyeneba samarTlebriv konteqstSi, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi<br />

mtkicebulebebis Cawerisa da msxverplTa dakiTxvisas gamosayenebeli<br />

proceduruli wesebis miRebiT.<br />

75

amave rekomendaciaSi yuradReba maxvildeba eqstra_teritoriuli<br />

iurisdiqciis maregulirebeli normebis aucileblobaze, rac aadvilebs<br />

danaSaulis CamdenTa braldebas.<br />

eqstrateritorialuri kanonmdebloba<br />

calke unda SevCerdeT eqstrateritorialuri kanonmdeblobis principze,<br />

romlis gareSec SeuZlebelia trefikingTan efeqturi <strong>brZolis</strong> warmoeba<br />

saerTaSoriso doneze.<br />

eqstrateritorialuri kanonmdebloba gulisxmobs kanonebs, romelTa<br />

gansjadobac vrceldeba kanonmdebeli qveynis sazRvrebs gareT. zogadad<br />

gansjadobaSi igulisxmeba samarTlis subieqtis daqvemdebareba<br />

saxelmwifos suverenitetze. gamonakliss warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns<br />

“eqstrateritorialurobis» principi, rodesac saxelmwifo suvereniteti<br />

samarTlis subieqtze SezRudulad vrceldeba, an sruliad ar<br />

vrceldeba.<br />

am principis Sesaxeb debatebi didi xania grZeldeba da ukanaskneli<br />

wlebis manZilze yvelaze mwvave yuradReba imaze maxvildeboda, SeeZlo<br />

Tu ara saxelmwifos calmxrivad mieRo eqstrateritoriuli<br />

sakanonmdeblo sanqciebi ekonomikur da komerciul sferoebSi, rac<br />

yovelTvis “didi politikis” interesebs ejaxeboda da amitom<br />

konsensusis miRweva Zneli xdeboda.<br />

bavSvTa komerciuli eqspluataciis mimarT eqstrateritorialuri<br />

kanonmdeblobis gamoyeneba naklebad politikur xasiaTs atarebs, ris<br />

gamoc mas ukve mravali qveyana iyenebs. eqstrateritorialuri<br />

kanonmdebloba Sida da saerTaSoriso kanonmdeblobaTa<br />

urTierTzemoqmedebis produqts warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns da stokholmis deklaracia<br />

erTgvari katalizatoric iyo, rom mraval saxelmwifos moexdina am<br />

principis danergva.<br />

stokholmis deklaraciis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifo valdebulia: “Seqmnas an<br />

gaaZlieros da ganaxorcielos iseTi kanonmdebloba, romelic sxva<br />

qveynidan Camosul moqalaqeTa mier bavSvis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> daniSnulebis<br />

qveyanaSi Cadenil qmedebas sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulad miiCnevs<br />

(,,eqstrateritoriuli sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdebloba”); xeli Seuwyos<br />

76

eqstradiqciasa da sxva RonisZiebebs, raTa piri, romelic bavSvis<br />

seqsualuri mizniT eqspluatacias axdens sxva qveyanaSi (daniSnulebis<br />

qveyanaSi), sisxlis samarTlis pasuxis<strong>ge</strong>baSi mieces im qveyanaSi, romlis<br />

mkvidric gaxlavT, an daniSnulebis qveyanaSi; gaamkacros kanonmdebloba<br />

da uzrunvelyos misi aRsruleba konfiskaciisa da qonebis da sxva<br />

Semosavlebis CamorTmevis CaTvliT, aseve sxva sanqciebis gamoyenebiT, im<br />

pirTa mimarT, vinc Cadis seqsualuri saxis danaSauls bavSvebis<br />

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> daniSnulebis qveynebSi; moaxdinos Sesabamisi monacemebis<br />

gacvla”.<br />

ufro martivad rom vTqvaT, eqstrateritorialuri kanonmdeblobis<br />

ZaliT, saxelmwifo sjis Tavis moqalaqeebs bavSvTa komerciuli<br />

seqsualuri eqspluataciisaken mimarTuli danaSaulis CadenisaTvis sxva<br />

saxelmwifos teritoriaze im SemTxvevaSiac ki, Tu amgvari qmedeba<br />

mocemul qveyanaSi danaSaulad ar iTvleba.<br />

sadReisod 20-mde saxelmwifos aqvs miRebuli eqstrateritoriuli<br />

kanonebi bavSvTa komerciul seqsualuri eqspluataciasTan, da maT<br />

Soris, trefikingTan mimarTebaSi. ZiriTadad es Trefiqingis msxverplTa<br />

daniSnulebis (mimRebi) da ara donori (mimwodebeli) saxelmwifoebi<br />

gaxlavT. es qveynebia: avstralia, avstria, belgia, dania, fineTi,<br />

safran<strong>ge</strong>Ti, <strong>ge</strong>rmania, iaponia, niderlandebi, Svecia, aSS, didi britaneTi<br />

da sxvebi. 44 italia gaxldaT erT-EerTi bolo qveyana, romelmac<br />

eqstrateritoriuli kanoni 1998 wels miiRo. eqstrateritoriuli<br />

kanonmdeblobis miRebisas saxelmwifoebma sxvadasxva midgomebi<br />

gamoiyenes: zogma Sesabamisi debulebebi TavianTi iurisdiqciis<br />

ganmsazRvrel kanonebSi Cado, zogierTma – sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi,<br />

zogmac specialuri sakanonmdeblo aqti miiRo sakuTar moqalaqeTa mier<br />

bavSvTa seqsualuri eqspluataciis mizniT Cadenili DdanaSaulis Sesaxeb<br />

im teritoriaze, sadac saxelmwifos iurisdiqcia ar vrceldeba.<br />

Cven SegviZlia moviyvanoT eqstrateritorialuri kanonmdeblobis<br />

maxasiaTebeli ZiriTadi principebi, romliTac saxelmwifo axdens Tavisi<br />

iurisdiqciis gafarToebas mis sazRvrebs gareT Cadenili danaSaulis<br />

dros:<br />

44 dawvrilebiT ix. Vitit Muntarbhorn, Extraterritorial Criminal Laws Against Child Sexual Exploitation.<br />

UNICEF, 1998.<br />

77

• samarTaldamrRvevis e.w. “aqtiuri individualizacia”, rodesac<br />

saxelmwifos iurisdiqcia farTovdeba misi moqalaqis mier<br />

saxelmwifos sazRvrebs gareT Cadenili qmedebis mimarT;<br />

• msxverplis e.w. “pasiuri individualizacia”, rodesac msxverplis<br />

moqalaqeoba edeba safuZvlad eqstrateritorialuri iurisdiqciis<br />

SemoRebas;<br />

• dacvis principi, rodesac saxelmwifo itovebs uflebas imoqmedos<br />

misi erovnuli usafrTxoebis dacvis mizniT;<br />

• universalobis principi, romelic exeba “universalur danaSauls”,<br />

anu, sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT “kacobriobis winaSe mimarTul”<br />

danaSauls;<br />

• “ormagi damnaSaveobis” principi, rodesac eqstrateritorialuri<br />

kanonmdebloba gamoiyeneba im danaSaulTa mimarT, romlebis<br />

danaSaulad aris miCneuli rogorc samarTaldamrRvevis<br />

saxelmwifoSi, aseve im saxelmwifoSi, sadac es danaSauli iqna<br />

Cadenili;<br />

• “ormagi safrTxis” principi (ne bis in idem), rodesac ar SeiZleba piris<br />

orjer gasamarTleba mis mier Cadenili erTi da igive danaSaulis<br />

gamo. 45<br />

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi eqstrateritorialuri kanonmdeblobis<br />

niSnebis matarebeli zogadi principebi nawilobriv Cadebulia sisxlis<br />

samarTlisa da sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsebSi, da saqarTvelos kanonSi<br />

“saerTaSoriso kerZo samarTlis Sesaxeb”, magram arsebuli normebic<br />

sakmaod dauxvewavia.<br />

ase magaliTad, sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsiT<br />

gaTvaliswinebulia:<br />

ÌÖáËÉ 253. ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÌÏØÀËÀØÉÓ ÌÉÄÒ ÖÝáÏ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×ÏÓ<br />

ÔÄÒÉÔÏÒÉÀÆÄ ÜÀÃÄÍÉËÉ ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÉÓ ÛÄÓÀáÄÁ ÌÏÈáÏÅÍÉÓ ÂÀÍáÉËÅÀ<br />

1. ÖÝáÏ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×ÏÓ ÌÏÈáÏÅÍÀÓ ÂÀÌÏÓÀÞÉÄÁËÀà ÂÀÃÀÓÝÄÍ ÌÀÓÀËÄÁÉ<br />

ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÌÏØÀËÀØÉÓ ÌÉÌÀÒÈ, ÒÏÌÄËÌÀÝ ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÉ ÜÀÉÃÉÍÀ ÀÌ<br />

ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×ÏÓ ÔÄÒÉÔÏÒÉÀÆÄ ÃÀ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÛÉ ÃÀÁÒÖÍÃÀ, ÂÀÍÉáÉËÀÅÓ<br />

ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÂÄÍÄÒÀËÖÒÉ ÐÒÏÊÖÒÀÔÖÒÀ. ÀÌÀÓÈÀÍ, ÓÀÄÒÈÀÛÏÒÉÓÏ<br />

45<br />

EXTRATERRITORIAL LEGISLATION IN RESPONSE TO THE INTERNATIONAL DIMENSION OF<br />

CHILD SEXUAL EXPLOITATION: http://www.web.net/tribunal/hearings/paris_report.html<br />

78

áÄËÛÄÊÒÖËÄÁÉÓ ÛÄÓÀÁÀÌÉÓÀÃ, ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀ ÌÉÙÄÁÖË ÉØÍÄÓ ÄÒÈ-ÄÒÈÉ<br />

ÛÄÌÃÄÂÉ ÂÀÃÀßÚÅÄÔÉËÄÁÀ: ÂÀÌÏÞÉÄÁÉÓ ÃÀÌÈÀÅÒÄÁÀÌÃÄ ÌÀÓÀËÄÁÉÓ<br />

ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÉÓ ÛÄÓÀáÄÁ; ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÔÄÒÉÔÏÒÉÀÆÄ ÂÀÌÏÞÉÄÁÉÓÀ ÃÀ<br />

ÓÀÓÀÌÀÒÈËÏ ÂÀÍáÉËÅÉÓ ÜÀÔÀÒÄÁÉÓ ÛÄÓÀáÄÁ; ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÌÏØÀËÀØÉÓ<br />

ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÉÓ ÛÄÓÀáÄÁ ÉÌ ÖÝáÏ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×ÏÓ ÔÄÒÉÔÏÒÉÀÆÄ ÂÀÌÏÞÉÄÁÉÓÀ ÃÀ<br />

ÓÀÓÀÌÀÒÈËÏ ÂÀÍáÉËÅÉÓ ÜÀÓÀÔÀÒÄÁËÀÃ, ÓÀÃÀÝ ÌÏáÃÀ ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÉ.<br />

2. ÖÝáÏ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×ÏÓ ÔÄÒÉÔÏÒÉÀÆÄ ÃÀÃÂÄÍÉËÉ ßÄÓÉÈ ÜÀÔÀÒÄÁÖËÉ<br />

ÂÀÌÏÞÉÄÁÉÓÀ ÃÀ ÓÀÓÀÌÀÒÈËÏ ÂÀÍáÉËÅÉÓ ÃÒÏÓ ÌÉÙÄÁÖË ÌÔÊÉÝÄÁÖËÄÁÀÓ<br />

ÓÀØÌÄÆÄ ÛÄÊÒÄÁÉË ÓáÅÀ ÌÔÊÉÝÄÁÖËÄÁÀÈÀ ÈÀÍÀÁÀÒÉ ÉÖÒÉÃÉÖËÉ ÞÀËÀ<br />

ÀØÅÓ.<br />

1. ÈÖ ÖÝáÏ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×ÏÓ ÔÄÒÉÔÏÒÉÀÆÄ ÌÚÏ×ÌÀ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÌÏØÀËÀØÄÌ<br />

ÜÀÉÃÉÍÀ ØÌÄÃÄÁÀ, ÒÏÌÄËÉÝ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÉÓáËÉÓ ÓÀÌÀÒÈËÉÓ<br />

ÊÏÃÄØÓÉÓ ÈÀÍÀáÌÀà ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÉÀ, ÌÀÂÒÀÌ ÀÌ ØÌÄÃÄÁÉÓÀ- ÈÅÉÓ ÉÂÉ<br />

ÌÓãÀÅÒÃÄÁÖËÉ ÀÒ ÚÏ×ÉËÀ ÖÝáÏ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×ÏÓ ÓÀÓÀÌÀÒÈËÏÓ ÌÉÄÒ,<br />

ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÊÏÌÐÄÔÄÍÔÖÒ ÏÒÂÀÍÏÓ Ö×ËÄÁÀ ÀØÅÓ ÌÉÓ ßÉÍÀÀÙÌÃÄÂ<br />

ÀÙÞÒÀÓ ÓÉÓáËÉÓ ÓÀÌÀÒÈËÉÓ ÓÀØÌÄ, ÜÀÀÔÀÒÏÓ ÂÀÌÏÞÉÄÁÀ ÃÀ<br />

ÂÀÌÏÉÔÀÍÏÓ ÂÀÍÀÜÄÍÉ. ÀÌÀÓÈÀÍ, ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀ ÌÀÓÀËÄÁÉÓÀ ÃÀ<br />

ÌÔÊÉÝÄÁÖËÄÁÀÈÀ ÂÀÌÏÈáÏÅÀ ÉÌ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×ÏÃÀÍ, ÓÀÃÀÝ ÜÀÃÄÍÉËÉÀ<br />

ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÉ ÃÀ ßÀÌÏÚÄÍÄÁÖËÉÀ ÌÏÈáÏÅÍÀ ÃÄÅÍÉËÉ ÐÉÒÉÓ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ<br />

áÄËÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ ÂÀÃÌÏÝÄÌÉÓ ÛÄÓÀáÄÁ.<br />

ÌÖáËÉ 256. ÖÝáÏ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×ÏÓ ÌÏØÀËÀØÉÓ ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÀ<br />

1. ÓÀÌÀÒÈËÄÁÒÉÅÉ ÃÀáÌÀÒÄÁÉÓ ÛÄÓÀáÄÁ ÓÀÄÒÈÀÛÏÒÉÓÏ áÄËÛÄÊÒÖËÄÁÉÓ<br />

ÈÀÍÀáÌÀÃ,<br />

46 ÖÝáÏ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×ÏÓ ÛÄÖÞËÉÀ ÌÏÉÈáÏÅÏÓ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ<br />

ÔÄÒÉÔÏÒÉÀÆÄ ÌÚÏ×É ÈÀÅÉÓÉ ÌÏØÀËÀØÉÓ ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÀ, ÈÖ ÌÀÓ ÁÒÀËÀà ÄÃÄÁÀ<br />

ÈÀÅÉÓÉ ØÅÄÚÍÉÓ ÔÄÒÉÔÏÒÉÀÆÄ ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÉÓ ÜÀÃÄÍÀ, ÀÍ ÜÀÃÄÍÉËÉ<br />

ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ ÌÓãÀÅÒÉ ÃÀÓÃÏ ÈÀÅÉÓÉ ØÅÄÚÍÉÓ ÓÀÓÀÌÀÒÈËÏÌ, ÀÍÃÀ<br />

ÈÖ ÈÀÅÉÓÉ ØÅÄÚÍÉÓ ßÉÍÀÀÙÌÃÄ ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÉ ÜÀÉÃÉÍÀ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ<br />

ÔÄÒÉÔÏÒÉÀÆÄ.<br />

2. ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÉÓ ÌÏÈáÏÅÍÀ ÖÍÃÀ ÛÄÄÓÀÁÀÌÄÁÏÃÄÓ ÓÀÄÒÈÀÛÏÒÉÓÏ<br />

áÄËÛÄÊÒÖËÄÁÉÈ ÃÀÃÂÄÍÉË ÒÄÊÅÉÆÉÔÄÁÓ ÃÀ ÌÏÌÃÉÍÀÒÄÏÁÃÄÓ<br />

ÊÏÌÐÄÔÄÍÔÖÒÉ ÏÒÂÀÍÏÃÀÍ.<br />

3. ÌÏÈáÏÅÍÀ ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀ ÂÀÃÀÉÝÄÓ ÔÄØÍÉÊÖÒÉ ÓÀÛÖÀËÄÁÄÁÉÓ ÂÀÌÏÚÄÍÄÁÉÈ,<br />

ÛÄÌÃÄ ÊÉ ÃÀÃÀÓÔÖÒÃÄÓ ßÄÒÉËÏÁÉÈ.<br />

46<br />

saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi daxmarebis sferos saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba<br />

awesri<strong>ge</strong>bs saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso kerZo samarTlis kanoniT, ormxrivi<br />

xelSekrulebebiT da erTaderTi mravalmxrivi saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi aqtiT:<br />

dsT-s minskis 1993 wlis konvencia.<br />

79

4. ÈÖ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÂÄÍÄÒÀËÖÒÉ ÐÒÏÊÖÒÏÒÉ ÌÏÈáÏÅÍÀÓ ÃÀÓÀÁÖÈÄÁÖËÀÃ<br />

ÃÀ ÊÀÍÏÍÉÄÒÀÃ ÌÉÉÜÍÄÅÓ, ÉÂÉ ÉÞËÄÅÀ ÌÉÈÉÈÄÁÀÓ ÌÉÓÉ ÛÄÓÒÖËÄÁÉÓ<br />

ÛÄÓÀáÄÁ, ÓÀàÉÒÏÄÁÉÓ ÛÄÌÈáÅÄÅÀÛÉ ÊÉ áÄËÛÄßÚÏÁÀÓ ÓÈáÏÅÓ<br />

ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÀÂÀÒÄÏ ÓÀØÌÄÈÀ ÓÀÌÉÍÉÓÔÒÏÓ.<br />

5. ÈÖ ÐÉÒÉÓ ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÀÓ ÒÀÌÃÄÍÉÌÄ ÖÝáÏ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×Ï ÌÏÉÈáÏÅÓ, ÌÀÛÉÍ<br />

ÂÀÃÀßÚÅÄÔÉËÄÁÀÓ, ÈÖ ÒÏÌÄË ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×ÏÓ ÖÍÃÀ ÂÀÃÀÄÝÄÓ ÉÂÉ,<br />

ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÂÄÍÄÒÀËÖÒÉ ÐÒÏÊÖÒÏÒÉ ÉÙÄÁÓ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÀÂÀÒÄÏ<br />

ÓÀØÌÄÈÀ ÌÉÍÉÓÔÒÓÀ ÃÀ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÉÖÓÔÉÝÉÉÓ ÌÉÍÉÓÔÒÈÀÍ<br />

ÊÏÍÓÖËÔÀÝÉÄÁÉÓ ÛÄÌÃÄÂ.<br />

6. ÈÖ ÖÝáÏ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×ÏÓ ÌÏØÀËÀØÄ, ÒÏÌËÉÓ ÌÉÌÀÒÈÀÝ ÛÄÌÏÓÖËÉÀ<br />

ÌÏÈáÏÅÍÀ ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÉÓ ÛÄÓÀáÄÁ, ÓÀÓãÄËÓ ÉáÃÉÓ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ<br />

ÔÄÒÉÔÏÒÉÀÆÄ ÜÀÃÄÍÉËÉ ÓáÅÀ ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ, ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÀ ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀ<br />

ÂÀÃÀÅÀÃÃÄÓ ÓÀÓãÄËÉÓ ÌÏáÃÀÌÃÄ ÀÍ ÓáÅÀ ÊÀÍÏÍÉÄÒÉ ÓÀ×ÖÞÅËÉÈ<br />

ÓÀÓãÄËÉÓÀÂÀÍ ÂÀÍÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÀÌÃÄ. ÈÖ ÖÝáÏ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×ÏÓ ÌÏØÀËÀØÄ<br />

ÁÒÀËÃÄÁÖËÀà ÌÉÝÄÌÖËÉÀ ÓÉÓáËÉÓ ÓÀÌÀÒÈËÉÓ ÐÀÓÖáÉÓÂÄÁÀÛÉ<br />

ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÔÄÒÉÔÏÒÉÀÆÄ ÜÀÃÄÍÉËÉ ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ, ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÀ<br />

ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀ ÂÀÃÀÅÀÃÃÄÓ ÂÀÍÀÜÄÍÉÓ ÂÀÌÏÔÀÍÀÌÃÄ, ÓÀÓãÄËÉÓ ÌÏáÃÀÌÃÄ ÀÍ<br />

ÓáÅÀ ÊÀÍÏÍÉÄÒÉ ÓÀ×ÖÞÅËÉÈ ÌÉÓ ÂÀÍÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÀÌÃÄ.<br />

7. ÀÌ ÌÖáËÉÓ ÌÄ-6 ÍÀßÉËÛÉ ÀÙÍÉÛÍÖË ÛÄÌÈáÅÄÅÀÛÉ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ<br />

ÖÆÄÍÀÄÓ ÓÀÓÀÌÀÒÈËÏÓ Ö×ËÄÁÀ ÀØÅÓ, ÖÝáÏ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×ÏÓ ÛÄÓÀÁÀÌÉÓ<br />

ÏÒÂÀÍÏÈÀ ÈáÏÅÍÉÈ, ÂÀÌÏÉÔÀÍÏÓ ÃÀÃÂÄÍÉËÄÁÀ ÂÀÒÊÅÄÖËÉ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÀÌ<br />

ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×ÏÓ ÌÏØÀËÀØÉÓ ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÉÓ ÛÄÓÀáÄÁ. ÈÖ ÀÌ ÐÉÒÓ ÈÀÅÉÓÉ<br />

ØÅÄÚÍÉÓ ÓÀÓÀÌÀÒÈËÏ ÛÄÖ×ÀÒÃÄÁÓ Ö×ÒÏ ÌÊÀÝÒ ÀÍ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÛÉ<br />

ÌÏÖáÃÄËÉ ÓÀÓãÄËÉÓ ÈÀÍÀÁÀÒ ÓÀÓãÄËÓ, ÉÂÉ ÓÀÓãÄËÓ ÌÏÉáÃÉÓ ÈÀÅÉÓ<br />

ØÅÄÚÀÍÀÛÉ ÃÀ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÛÉ ÃÀÁÒÖÍÄÁÀÓ ÀÒ ÄØÅÄÌÃÄÁÀÒÄÁÀ.<br />

ÌÖáËÉ 257. ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÀÆÄ ÖÀÒÉÓ ÈØÌÀ<br />

ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÀ ÀÒ ÃÀÉÛÅÄÁÀ, ÈÖ:<br />

À) ÐÉÒÓ ÌÉÝÄÌÖËÉ ÀØÅÓ ÐÏËÉÔÉÊÖÒÉ ÈÀÅÛÄÓÀ×ÀÒÉ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÛÉ;<br />

Á) ØÌÄÃÄÁÀ, ÒÏÌÄËÉÝ ÉÚÏ ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÉÓ ÛÄÓÀáÄÁ ÌÏÈáÏÅÍÉÓ ÓÀ×ÖÞÅÄËÉ,<br />

ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÛÉ ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÀÃ ÀÒ ÉÈÅËÄÁÀ;<br />

Â) ÐÉÒÉÓ ÌÉÌÀÒÈ ÖÊÅÄ ÂÀÌÏÔÀÍÉËÉÀ ÉÌÀÅÄ ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÈÀÍ ÃÀÊÀÅÛÉÒÄÁÉÈ<br />

ÊÀÍÏÍÉÄÒ ÞÀËÀÛÉ ÛÄÓÖËÉ ÂÀÍÀÜÄÍÉ ÀÍ ÃÀÃÂÄÍÉËÄÁÀ (ÂÀÍÜÉÍÄÁÀ)<br />

ÓÉÓáËÉÓ ÓÀÌÀÒÈËÉÓ ÓÀØÌÉÓ ÛÄßÚÅÄÔÉÓ ÛÄÓÀáÄÁ;<br />

Ã) ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÉÓáËÉÓ ÓÀÌÀÒÈËÉÓ ÊÏÃÄØÓÉÈ ÃÀÃÂÄÍÉËÉ<br />

ÓÉÓáËÉÓÓÀÌÀÒÈËÄÁÒÉÅÉ ÃÄÅÍÉÓ áÀÍÃÀÆÌÖËÏÁÉÓ ÅÀÃÀ ÂÀÓÖËÉÀ.<br />

80

warmod<strong>ge</strong>nili muxlebis analiziT Cans, rom saqarTvelos<br />

kanonmdeblobaSi eqstrateritorialobis principi zedapirulad da<br />

araTanmimdevrulad aris gatarebuli. ase magaliTad, Tu avstraliis<br />

moqalaqem saqarTvelos teritoriaze Caidina, vTqvaT, seqs-turizmis<br />

makvalificirebeli niSnebis mqone danaSauli, romelic avstraliaSi<br />

danaSaulad iTvleba, saqarTveloSi – ki ara, maszed<br />

eqstrateritorialuri kanonmdeblobis principis gatarebas avstralia,<br />

miuxedavad imisa, rom mas miRebuli aqvs eqtrateritorialuri kanoni<br />

seqs-turizmTan dakavSirebiT, ver SeZlebs sssk-s 257-e muxlis ZaliT.<br />

mizanSewonilad migvaCnia saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi<br />

gaTvaliswinebul iqnas stokholmis deklaraciisa da evropis sabWos<br />

rekomendaciebis moTxovna da SemoRebul iqnas eqstrateritorialuri<br />

kanonmdebloba bavSvTa komerciuli seqsualuri eqspluataciis, maT<br />

Soris bavSvTa prostituciis, bavSvebze orientirebuli seqs turizmis,<br />

bavSvTa <strong>trefikingis</strong>a da pornografiis mimarT.<br />

II.11. evropuli konvencia adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobis<br />

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb da misi SedarebiTi analizi<br />

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobasTan<br />

zemoT ganxiluli ministrTa komitetis # R(2000)11 rekomendaciis<br />

Sesrulebis mizniT evropis sabWom <strong>ge</strong>nderuli Tanasworobis sakiTxebis<br />

mmarTvelma komitetma (CDEG) iTava am sferoSi evropis sabWos<br />

muSaobisTvis axali stimulis micema da moamzada naSromi adamianebiT<br />

ukanono vaWrobis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb konvenciis SemuSavebis<br />

SesaZleblobis Sesaxeb. evropis sabWom gadawyvita, rom aucilebeli iyo,<br />

Seqmniliyo samarTlebrivad savaldebulo dokumenti, romelic<br />

gascdeboda rekomendaciebisa Tu calkeuli qmedebebis ganxorcielebas.<br />

aucilebeli gaxda samarTlebrivad savaldebulo iseTi dokumentis<br />

SemuSaveba, romelic mimarTuli iqneboda msxverplTa uflebebis<br />

dacvisken da adamianis uflebebis pativiscemisken da romlis mizani<br />

iqneba adamianis uflebebsa da sisxlissamarTlebriv devnasTan<br />

dakavSirebul sakiTxebs Soris saTanado balansis damyareba.<br />

81

adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobasTan <strong>brZolis</strong> sagan<strong>ge</strong>bo komitetma (CAHTEH)<br />

2004 wlis dekemberSi gamarTul Sexvedraze daamtkica konvenciis<br />

proeqtis teqsti da gadasca ministrTa komitets saparlamento<br />

asambleisTvis warsad<strong>ge</strong>nad da misi daskvnis misaRebad. 2005 wlis<br />

ianvarSi saparlamento asambleam gamosca daskvna konvenciis proeqtTan<br />

dakavSirebiT (daskvna # 253 (2005), 2005 wlis 26 ianvari), xolo<br />

adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobasTan <strong>brZolis</strong> sagan<strong>ge</strong>bo komitetma (CAHTEH)<br />

ganixila es daskvna 2005 wlis TebervalSi gamarTul Tavis merve da<br />

bolo Sexvedraze. sabolood konvencia 2005 wlis 16 maiss iqna miRebuli<br />

q. varSavaSi gamarTul sammitze.<br />

adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb evropul<br />

konvencias xeli moewera 2005 wlis 20 seqtembris # 732 gankargulebiT.<br />

saqarTvelos parlamentis mier konvenciis ratifikacia moxda 2006 wlis<br />

22 dekembers # 4086-rs dad<strong>ge</strong>nilebis safuZvelze.<br />

konvenciis upiratesobis erT-erTi safuZvelia evropis sabWos ufro<br />

koncentrirebuli da unificirebuli midgoma. konvenciaSi Sevida ufro<br />

dawvrilebiT formulirebuli debulebebi da mas SeuZlia gascdes sxva<br />

saerTaSoriso dokumentebSi SeTanxmebul minimalur standartebs.<br />

saerTaSoriso samarTlis ganviTareba adasturebs, rom msoflio<br />

masStabis mcdelobaTa gasamyareblad Zalian xSirad aucilebelia<br />

regionuli dokumentebis arseboba. globaluri iniciativebis<br />

ganxorcielebaze Zalze pozitiuri zemoqmedeba moaxdina evropulma<br />

dokumentebma, romlebic dakavSirebulia bavSvTa uflebebis dacvasTan,<br />

fulis gaTeTrebasTan da narkotikebiT vaWrobasTan.<br />

konvenciis mTavari upiratesoba sxva saerTaSoriso dokumentebTan<br />

SedarebiT mdgomareobs adamianis uflebebsa da msxverplTa dacvaze<br />

yuradRebis gamaxvilebaSi. amitomac preambulis me-5 punqtSi naTqvamia,<br />

rom msxverplTa uflebebis pativiscema, msxverplTa dacva da adamianebiT<br />

ukanono vaWrobis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> brZola unda warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ndes upiratesi<br />

mniSvnelobis mizans.<br />

konvenciis sxva upiratesobebisagan SesaZloa aRiniSnos Semdegi:<br />

- adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobis aRiareba adamianis uflebaTa darRvevad;<br />

82

- yuradRebis gamaxvileba msxverplTaTvis daxmarebis gawevaze da maTi<br />

uflebebis dacvaze;<br />

- moqmedebis farTo masStabi, adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobis yvela forma:<br />

erovnuli/transnacionaluri, organizebul danaSaulTan dakavSirebuli<br />

Tu daukavSirebeli;<br />

- yovlismomcveli samarTlebrivi bazis Camoyalibeba msxverplTa da<br />

mowmeTa dacvisTvis da konkretuli da savaldebulo zomebis miRebis<br />

valdebuleba;<br />

- monitoringis qmediTi da damoukidebeli meqanizmis daarseba:<br />

gamocdilebam gviCvena, rom im sferoebSi, sadac damkvidrebulia<br />

monitoringis amgvari damoukidebeli sistemebi (magaliTad, wamebisa da<br />

umciresobaTa dacvis sferoebSi), es meqanizmebi xelSemkvrel<br />

saxelmwifoTa didi ndobiT sar<strong>ge</strong>blobs da saxelmwifoebs bolomde<br />

gacnobierebuli da aRiarebuli aqvT amgvari meqanizmebis xasiaTi,<br />

romelic TanamSromlobazea damyarebuli;<br />

- konvenciis debulebebi ufro dawvrilebiT aris formulirebuli da igi<br />

scdeba sxva saerTaSoriso dokumentebSi SeTanxmebul minimalur<br />

standartebs.<br />

palermos oqmisagan gansxvavebiT evropuli konvencia axdens termin<br />

`momsaxurebis~ definicias da momsaxurebad miiCneva, rodesac adamians<br />

uwevs sxva adamianTan cxovreba da misi qonebis momsaxureba, agreTve,<br />

misTvis garkveuli samsaxuris Sesruleba, miuxedavad imisa, uxdian mas<br />

amisTvis safasurs Tu ara, rodesac adamians ar ZaluZs Tavisi<br />

mdgomareobis Secvla<br />

me-4 muxlis (b) da (g) punqtebis mixedviT, eqspluataciis mizniT bavSvis<br />

samuSaoze ayvana, transportireba, gadacema, TavSesafris micema an miReba<br />

ganixileba rogorc `adamianebiT ukanono vaWroba~. am dros ara aqvs<br />

mniSvneloba, iyo Tu ara gamoyenebuli (a) qvepunqtSi miTiTebuli<br />

romelime saSualeba. arc is aris mniSvnelovani, Tanaxmaa Tu ara bavSvi,<br />

rom mas gauwion eqspluatacia.<br />

cneba `msxverpli~ konvenciaSi gansazRvrulia, rogorc `nebismieri<br />

fizikuri piri, romelic warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobis<br />

obieqts am muxlis gansazRvrebis Sesabamisad~. msxverpli aris nebismieri<br />

83

adamiani, romelic daeqvemdebara konvenciis me-4 muxlis (a) punqtSi<br />

gansazRvruli elementebis (qmedeba _ saSualeba _ mizani) erTobliobas.<br />

Tumca me-4 muxlis (g) punqtis mixedviT, rodesac es adamiani bavSvia, igi<br />

msxverplad unda iqnes miCneuli im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tu ar yofila<br />

gamoyenebuli me-4 muxlis (a) punqtSi gansazRvruli arc erTi saSualeba.<br />

konvencia moiTxovs, rom mxareebma gaataron specialuri prevenciuli<br />

zomebi bavSvebTan dakavSirebiT. saxeldobr, debulebaSi saubaria<br />

bavSvebisaTvis `damcavi garemos~ Seqmnaze, raTa Semcirdes trefikingSi<br />

bavSvebis CaTrevis SesaZlebloba da mieces maT usafrTxod gazrdisa da<br />

wesieri cxovrebis SesaZlebloba.<br />

gaeros bavSvTa fondis mier damkvidrebuli damcavi garemos cneba rva<br />

ZiriTadi komponentisagan Sed<strong>ge</strong>ba. es komponentebia:<br />

- bavSvTa uflebebis dacva mavne damokidebulebisgan, tradiciebisgan,<br />

Cveulebebisgan, qcevisa da praqtikisgan;<br />

- mTavrobaTa mzadyofna bavSvTa uflebebis dasacavad da<br />

gansaxorcieleblad da zogadad am uflebebis dacva da ganxorcieleba;<br />

- bavSvTa dacvis sakiTxebis Taobaze gulaxdili diskusiebis warmoeba da<br />

am sakiTxebis gadaWrisken mimarTuli saqmianoba;<br />

- bavSvTa dacvisken mimarTuli kanonmdeblobis SemuSaveba da gatareba;<br />

- bavSvTa dacvis SesaZleblobis arseboba im adamianTaTvis, vinc<br />

bavSvebis sakiTxebze muSaobs da visac uwevs bavSvebTan, ojaxebTan da<br />

sazogadoebriv jgufebTan urTierToba;<br />

- bavSvTa cxovrebiseuli unar-Cvevebi, codna da monawileoba;<br />

- bavSvTa Seuracxyofis SemTxvevebis monitoringisa da aRricxvis<br />

sistemis damkvidreba;<br />

- programebi da momsaxureba, romelTa daniSnulebaa <strong>trefikingis</strong><br />

msxverpli bavSvebisaTvis reabilitaciisa da sazogadoebaSi xelaxali<br />

integraciis SesaZleblobis micema.<br />

konvencia moiTxovs, rom msxverpli CaiTvalos bavSvad, Tu msxverplis<br />

asaki ar aris dad<strong>ge</strong>nili da arsebobs safuZveli varaudisTvis, rom igi<br />

bavSvia, da misi asakis dad<strong>ge</strong>namde mis mimarT ganxorcieldes specialuri<br />

84

dacvis zomebi misi uflebebis (romlebic gansazRvrulia gaero-s bavSvis<br />

uflebaTa konvenciaSi) Sesabamisad.<br />

aseve gansazRvrulia is aucilebeli zomebi, romlebic mxareebma unda<br />

miiRon msxverpli bavSvebis (romelTac ar axlavT ufrosi) saqmeebis<br />

ganxilvisas. mxareebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom bavSvs daeniSnos<br />

kanonieri meurve, organizacia an organo, romelic daicavs aseTi bavSvis<br />

interesebs (a); unda miiRon aucilebeli zomebi misi vinaobisa da<br />

moqalaqeobis dad<strong>ge</strong>nis mizniT (b); da yvelaferi unda iRonon misi ojaxis<br />

adgilsamyofelis dad<strong>ge</strong>nis mizniT, Tu es Sedis bavSvis interesebSi (g).<br />

bavSvis ojaxis povna mxolod im SemTxvevaSia moTxovnili, Tu es bavSvis<br />

interesebSia, vinaidan trefikingi zogjer swored bavSvis ojaxidan<br />

iRebs saTaves.<br />

gaTvaliswinebulia specialuri dacvis zomebi bavSvebisTvis maTi<br />

vinaobis gamJRavnebis Tavidan acilebis mizniT sainformacio<br />

saSualebebiT an nebismieri sxva gziT. es debuleba exeba im detalebsac,<br />

romlebic iZleva identificirebis SesaZleblobas. zogjer sainformacio<br />

saSualebebma, bavSvi msxverplis vinaobis dausaxeleblad, SeiZleba<br />

gamoaqveynon iseTi detalebi – magaliTad, sad cxovrobs bavSvi, sad<br />

muSaobs _ romlebic iZleva misi vinaobis dad<strong>ge</strong>nis saSualebas.<br />

konvenciis monawile saxelmwifoebs Tavad SeuZliaT gadawyviton, Tu ra<br />

zomebi unda miiRon <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverpli bavSvebis vinaobis an maTi<br />

vinaobis dad<strong>ge</strong>nis damxmare detalebis gamoqveynebis Tavidan<br />

asacileblad. am mizniT zogierTi qveynis kanonebSi Setanilia sisxlis<br />

samarTlis sanqciebi nebismieri iseTi informaciis sajarod<br />

gamoqveynebisTvis, romelsac ZaluZs zogierTi danaSaulis msxverplTa<br />

vinaobis gamJRavneba.<br />

miuxedavad amisa, konvenciis me-11 muxlis me-2 punqtSi nebadarTulia<br />

msxverpli bavSvi vinaobis Taobaze informaciis gamoqveyneba gamonaklis<br />

SemTxvevebSi, rodesac es saWiroa bavSvis ojaxis wevrebis dad<strong>ge</strong>nis an<br />

misi keTildReobis da dacvis sxvagvarad uzrunvelyofis mizniT.<br />

85

aRniSnuli normebi, romlebic msxverpli bavSvebis vinaobis<br />

gansakuTrebul dacvas uzrunvelyofs, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi<br />

saTanadod ar aris asaxuli.<br />

identificirebis procesis dasrulebis Semdeg <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplad<br />

aRiarebul pirebs konvenciis mixedviT gansakuTrebuli daxmarebis<br />

miRebis ufleba eniWebaT. Tumca aqac xazgasmulia <strong>trefikingis</strong><br />

arasrulwlovan msxverplTaTvis gasawevi daxmarebis specialuri zomebi.<br />

ase magaliTad, bavSvebis SemTxvevaSi sacxovrebeli bina unda<br />

Seesabamebodes bavSvTa sagan<strong>ge</strong>bo saWiroebebs. <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverpl<br />

bavSvebs aTavseben xolme dakavebis adgilebSi. zogjer es imitom xdeba,<br />

rom ar aris sakmarisi adgilebi bavSvebisTvis gankuTvnil specialur<br />

dawesebulebebSi. bavSvis moTavseba dakavebis adgilebSi araviTar<br />

SemTxvevaSi ar SeiZleba ganxiluli iqnes saTanado sacxovrebelad.<br />

konvenciis me-14 muxli iTvaliswinebs, rom adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobis<br />

msxverplTa saxelze gaicema cxovrebis nebarTvebi, romelTac SeiZleba<br />

vada gaugrZeldes. cxovrebis nebarTvis Taobaze debuleba pasuxobs<br />

rogorc msxverplTa saWiroebebs, ise trefikingTan <strong>brZolis</strong> moTxovnebs.<br />

am muxlis 1-l punqtSi Camoyalibebulia ori moTxovna cxovrebis<br />

nebarTvis gacemis Taobaze im SemTxvevaSi, `Tu msxverplis darCena<br />

aucilebelia misi piradi mdgomareobidan gamomdinare~, da im SemTxvevaSi,<br />

Tu msxverplis yofna `aucilebelia gamoZiebis an sisxlis samarTlis<br />

procesis mimdinareobis dros kompetentur organoebTan misi<br />

TanamSromlobisTvis~. am moTxovnaTa mizania, rom mxareebs mieceT<br />

saSualeba, gadawyviton, cxovrebis nebarTva kompetentur organoebTan<br />

TanamSromlobisTvis gascen Tu msxverplis saWiroebaTa mxedvelobaSi<br />

miRebiT, anda gadawyviton am orive garemoebis erTdroulad<br />

gaTvaliswineba. amrigad, imisaTvis, rom msxverpls mieces qveyanaSi<br />

cxovrebis nebarTva da im midgomaze dayrdnobiT, romelsac<br />

xelSemkvreli mxare airCevs, an msxverplis piradi garemoebebi unda iyos<br />

imgvari, rom ar iqneboda gonivruli misi gasaxleba qveynis teritoriidan,<br />

anda unda ganxorcieldes gamoZieba an sisxlis samarTlis procesi,<br />

86

omelzec msxverplma unda iTanamSromlos xelisuflebasTan. mxareebs<br />

orive SemTxvevaSi SeuZliaT cxovrebis nebarTvebis gacema. pirad<br />

mdgomareobasTan dakavSirebuli moTxovna bevrnair situacias<br />

gulisxmobs; am dros mxedvelobaSi miiReba msxverplis usafrTxoeba,<br />

janmrTelobis mdgomareoba, ojaxuri mdgomareoba an romelime sxva<br />

mniSvnelovani faqtori. kompetentur organoebTan TanamSromlobis<br />

moTxovna SemoRebuli iqna imis gamo, rom msxverplebi xSirad Tavs<br />

ikaveben xelisuflebasTan urTierTobisgan, vinaidan eSiniaT, rom<br />

dauyovnebliv gaasaxleben samSobloSi rogorc im pirebs, vinc ukanonod<br />

aris Semosuli qveyanaSi, sadac maT eqspluatacias uweven.<br />

bavSvebis SemTxvevaSi orive zemoxsenebul moTxovnasTan SedarebiT<br />

prioritetuli mniSvneloba bavSvis interess miekuTvneba. konvenciis<br />

mixedviT, bavSvi msxverplis saxelze cxovrebis nebarTva unda gaices,<br />

`Tu es iuridiuli TvalsazrisiT aucilebelia 47 da Tu amas moiTxovs<br />

bavSvis interesebi. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi amgvar nebarTvas SeiZleba<br />

vada gaugrZeldes imave pirobebis dacviT~ (me-14 muxlis me-2 punqti).<br />

aRniSnuli norma saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi ar aris<br />

gaTvaliswinebuli.<br />

konvenciis me-16 muxlis me-7 punqti gulisxmobs repatriaciisa da<br />

dabrunebis princips, romelic gansazRvrulia gaero-s bavSvis uflebaTa<br />

konvenciis me-3 muxlSi. bavSvi msxverplis repatriaciasTan<br />

dakavSirebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebisas xelisuflebis organoebma<br />

upirveles yovlisa bavSvis interesebi unda miiRon mxedvelobaSi. am<br />

debulebis mixedviT, repatriaciis zomebis miRebamde xelisuflebis<br />

organoebma unda Seafason is saSiSroebebi, romlebic SeiZleba<br />

emuqrebodes bavSvs romelime saxelmwifoSi dabrunebis SemTxvevaSi, da am<br />

saxelmwifoSi misi usafrTxoeba. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi es<br />

debulebac ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli.<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> nawilSi konvenciis materialuri normebis<br />

ganmartebisas yuradReba unda mivaqcioT, rom me-4 muxlis (g) da (d)<br />

punqtebis mixedviT, ara aqvs mniSvneloba, iyo Tu ara gamoyenebuli<br />

47<br />

gamoTqma `Tu es iuridiuli TvalsazrisiT aucilebelia~ teqstSi imis gamoa<br />

Setanili, rom zogierTi saxelmwifo bavSvebisaTvis ar moiTxovs cxovrebis nebarTvas.<br />

87

omelime aRniSnuli saSualeba, Tu danaSaulis obieqti 18 wlis asakze<br />

umcrosi piri iyo. Sesabamisad, adamianebiT ukanono vaWrobis<br />

dasamtkiceblad samarTlebrivi devnis mwarmoebelma organoebma mxolod<br />

is unda daadginon, rom adgili hqonda iseT qmedebas, rogoric aris<br />

bavSvis samuSaoze ayvana an transportireba eqspluataciis mizniT.<br />

konvenciis 28-e muxlis me-3 punqti iTvaliswinebs, rom msxverpli bavSvis<br />

mimarT gasatarebel specialuri dacviTi zomebs bavSvis interesebis<br />

gaTvaliswinebiT. imisaTvis, rom damcavi zomebi efeqtiani iyos, Zalze<br />

xSirad saWiro iqneba imis uzrunvelyofac, rom adamianebiT ukanono<br />

movaWreebma araferi icodnen aRniSnuli zomebis Sesaxeb. mxareebma unda<br />

uzrunvelyon, rom informacia damcavi zomebis Sesaxeb ar iyos<br />

xelmisawvdomi im pirTaTvis, visac ara aqvs amis ufleba.<br />

sagulisxmo debulebebia mocemuli <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> specialuri<br />

dacviTi zomebis Sesaxeb sasamarTlo procesis dros. zogierTi qveynis<br />

kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebs bavSvTa saqmeebis mosmenisas mxolod<br />

audio-video Canawerebis gamoyenebas. amgvari Canawerebi da werilobiTi<br />

stenogramebi SemdgomSi SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnes sasamarTloSi,<br />

nacvlad procesze bavSvis piradad daswrebisa.<br />

zogierT samarTlebriv sistemaSi daSvebulia bavSvis ward<strong>ge</strong>na<br />

sasamarTlos winaSe videokonferenciis saxiT. bavSvis mosmena xdeba<br />

calke oTaxSi, sasurvelia, eqspertisa da teqnikosTa TandaswrebiT.<br />

bavSvze braldebulTan erTad oTaxSi yofnis an videokonferenciaSi<br />

masTan erTad monawileobis fsiqologiuri zemoqmedebis<br />

SeZlebisdagvarad Sesamcireblad SesaZlebelia mxolod siluetebis<br />

Cveneba, raTa bavSvma ver dainaxos braldebuli da/an piriqiT.<br />

Tu, magaliTad, bavSvi piradad unda daeswros mosmenas, Cvenebis micemisas<br />

is SeiZleba ekrans iyos mofarebuli.<br />

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kanonmdeblobaSi aRniSnuli<br />

normebi saTanado konkretikiT ar regulirdeba.<br />

II.12. saqarTvelos kanoni adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>)<br />

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong><br />

88

adamianTa da saxeldobr <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> <strong>trefikingis</strong> <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong><br />

saxelmwifom ukve gadadga pirveli mniSvnelovani nabijebi.<br />

saqarTvelos parlamentis mier 2003 wlis 6 ivniss miRebul iqna<br />

saqarTvelos kanoni `saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi~<br />

damatebebis Setanis Sesaxeb~, romlis mixedviT adamianebiT vaWroba<br />

(trefikingi) gamocxadda sisxlissamarTlebrivad dasjad qmedebad.<br />

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi Setanili zemoaRniSnuli<br />

damatebebis mixedviT, aseve, ganisazRvra valdebuleba garkveuli<br />

periodis ganmavlobaSi momzadebuliyo kompleqsuri xasiaTis<br />

sakanonmdeblo aqti, romliTac ganisazRvreboda adamianebiT vaWrobis<br />

(<strong>trefikingis</strong>) Tavidan acilebis, mis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong>a da am<br />

danaSaulis msxverplad cnobil pirTa socialuri da samarTlebrivi<br />

dacvis garantiebi. sainteresoa sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis <strong>trefikingis</strong><br />

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> mimarTuli muxlis sasamarTlo praqtikaSi amoqmedebis<br />

statistika: 2003 წელს 2 საქმე აღიძრა; 2004 წელს 16 საქმე; 2005 წელს - 24 საქმე; 2006 წელს<br />

კი - 7 საქმე.<br />

saqarTvelos prezidentis 2004 wlis 29 dekembris # 623 brZanebulebiT<br />

damtkicda adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong><br />

samoqmedo <strong>ge</strong>gma da Seiqmna ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÄÒÏÅÍÖËÉ ÖÛÉÛÒÏÄÁÉÓ<br />

ÓÀÁàÏÓÈÀÍ ÀÒÓÄÁÖËÉ ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ) ßÉÍÀÀÙÌÃÄÂ<br />

ÁÒÞÏËÉÓ ÃÒÏÄÁÉÈÉ ÖßÚÄÁÀÈÀÛÏÒÉÓÉ ÊÏÌÉÓÉÀ. 48<br />

2006 wlis 8 aprils saqarTvelos parlamentma miiRo kanoni ”adamianiT<br />

vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb”.<br />

2006 wels საქართველოში პირველად გაიხსნა „ტრეფიკინგის მსხვერპლთა,<br />

დაზარალებულთა დაცვისა და დახმარების სახელწიფო ფონდი“, რომელიც<br />

48 Cveni kvlevis dasrulebis Semdeg, 2007 wlis 25 ianvars saqarTvelos prezidentis # 23<br />

gankargulebiT damtkicda adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) winaarmdeg <strong>brZolis</strong> 2007-<br />

2008 wlebis samoqmedo <strong>ge</strong>gma, romelic sxva sakiTxebTan erTad iTvaliswinebs ბავშვებით<br />

ვაჭრობის/ტრეფიკინგის გამომწვევი მიზეზებისა და მასშტაბების კვლევაs (4.3.) და მცირეწლოვან და<br />

არასრულწლოვან მსხვერპლთა/დაზარალებულთა დაცვის ზომების საკანონმდებლო ცვლილების<br />

მომზადებას საჭიროების შემთხვევაში (5.2.),<br />

89

მსხვერპლთათვის 1000 ლარიან ფულად კომპენსაციებს გასცემენ და მათ სამედიცინო<br />

მომსახურებასაც უფასოდ გაუწევენ.<br />

saqarTvelos kanoni ”adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong><br />

<strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb” Sed<strong>ge</strong>ba Svidi Tavisa da ocdacxra muxlisagan da<br />

a<strong>ge</strong>bulia `transnacionaluri organizebuli danaSaulis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>~<br />

gaerTianebuli erebis konvenciis `adamianebiT, gansakuTrebiT qalebiTa<br />

da bavSvebiT, vaWrobis Tavidan acilebis, aRkveTisa da damnaSaveTa<br />

dasjis Sesaxeb~ damatebiTi oqmis mixedviT adamianebiT vaWrobis<br />

(<strong>trefikingis</strong>) <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> gasatarebel RonisZiebaTa saxeebis Sesabamisad<br />

(<strong>trefikingis</strong> prevencia, mis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> brZola, msxverplTa dacva).<br />

kanoni gansazRvravs <strong>trefikingis</strong> Tavidan acilebis (prevenciis)<br />

meqanizmebsa da saxelmwifo organoTa kompetencias, im RonisZiebaTa<br />

erTobliobas, romlebic xorcieldeba Sesabamisi danaSaulis gamovlenis,<br />

gaxsnis, damnaSave pirebis dad<strong>ge</strong>nisa da dakavebis, maT mimarT<br />

sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnis ganxorcielebisa da sasjelis Sefardebis<br />

uzrunvelsayofad. gamijnuli da Camoyalibebulia Sesabamis saxelmwifo<br />

organoTa kompetencia am TvalsazrisiT. kerZod, saqarTvelos Sinagan<br />

saqmeTa saministro uzrunvelyofs operatiul-samZebro saqmianobis<br />

ganxorcielebas, mokvlevis Catarebas Sesabamisi danaSaulis gamovlenis,<br />

danaSaulSi eWvmitanili pirebis dad<strong>ge</strong>nisa da dakavebis, maT mimarT<br />

Sesabamisi saproceso RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebis mizniT; xolo<br />

saqarTvelos prokuratura zedamxedvelobs Sesabamisi danaSaulis<br />

mokvlevisa da operatiul-samZebro saqmianobis ganxorcielebisas kanonis<br />

zust da erTgvarovan Sesrulebas, axorcielebs sisxlissamarTlebriv<br />

devnas, Sesabamisi sisxlis samarTlis saqmis sasamarTlo ganxilvisas<br />

monawileobs, rogorc mxare da mxars uWers saxelmwifo braldebas.<br />

kanoni iTvaliswinebs adamianiT movaWre iuridiuli pirebis mimarT<br />

sisxlis samarTlebrivi pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis meqanizmis gamoyenebas, aseve<br />

adamianiT movaWreTaTvis danaSaulis gziT mopovebuli Semosavlebis an<br />

Sesabamisi Rirebulebis qonebis CamorTmevas, xolo CamorTmeuli qonebis<br />

marTvisa da gamoyenebis mizniT.<br />

90

kanoniT gaTvaliswinebulia <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplTa dacvisa da<br />

daxmarebis specialuri saxelmwifo fondis Seqmna. fondSi<br />

akumulirebuli Tanxebi gamoyenebul iqneba <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplTaTvis<br />

kompensaciis gasacemad, agreTve maTi dacvis, daxmarebisa da<br />

reabilitaciis RonisZiebebis dasafinanseblad.<br />

kanonis mixedviT, <strong>trefikingis</strong> danaSaulis Sedegad dazaralebul pirs<br />

msxverplis statusi warmoeSveba saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis<br />

saprocesi kodeqsiT dad<strong>ge</strong>nili wesiT dazaralebulad an mosamarTlis<br />

mier piris msxverplad cnobis momentidan. <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplisaTvis<br />

miniWebuli samarTlebrivi dacvis garantiebidan aRsaniSnavia misi<br />

gaTavisufleba garkveuli pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobisagan, kerZod, msxverpli<br />

Tavisufldeba sisxlis samarTlebrivi pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobisagan<br />

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli iseTi<br />

danaSaulebrivi qmedebiaTvis, rogoricaa saqarTvelos saxelmwifo<br />

sazRvris uknono gadakveTa (muxli 344), yalbi dokumentis, beWdis,<br />

Stampis an blankis damzadeba da gamoyeneba (muxli 362) da saqarTvelos<br />

administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsiT prostituciisaTvis<br />

gaTvaliswinebuli pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobisagan, Tu aRniSnuli mis mier<br />

Cadenili iyo <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplad yofnis gamo. amasTan,<br />

mosafiqrebeli vadis ganmavlobaSi <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverpli Tavisufldeba<br />

mowmis an dazaralebulis mier Cvenebis micemaze uaris Tqmis gamo<br />

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 371-e muliT dad<strong>ge</strong>nili<br />

pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobisagan.<br />

kanoni iTvaliswinebs adamianiT <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplTa droebiTi<br />

sacxovreblebis (TavSesafrebis) Seqmnas, romlebic unda akmayofilebdnen<br />

saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministros<br />

mier aseTi dawesebulebebisaTvis gansazRvrul minimalur standartebs.<br />

kanonis me-18 muxlis Tanaxmad <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverpl, dazaralebul<br />

bavSvTa mimarT gamoiyeneba gaerTianebuli erebis 1989 wlis 20 noembris<br />

bavSvis uflebaTa konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli bavSvis uflebaTa<br />

dacvis meqnizmebi da adamianebiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) msxverpl bavSTa<br />

uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso organizaciebis mier miRebuli<br />

saxelmZRvanelo miTiTebebi. msxverplTa momsaxurebis yvela<br />

dawesebulebam unda gaiTvaliswinos msxverplTa asaki, sqesi da<br />

91

specialuri moTxovnebi, gansakuTrebiT, bavSvebis specialuri moTxovnebi<br />

Sesabamisi sacxovrebliT, ganaTlebiTa da mzrunvelobiT uzrunvelyofis<br />

TvalsazrisiT.<br />

rogorc vxedavT, axali kanoni <strong>trefikingis</strong> <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> awesri<strong>ge</strong>bs<br />

saerTaSoriso standartebiT gansazRvrul yvela aspeqts, Tumca me-18<br />

muxlis zemoT moyvanili debulebebis garda, saerTod ar moicavs<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> <strong>trefikingis</strong> <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong> specifikas.<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> <strong>trefikingis</strong> kriminalizaciis ZiriTad samarTlebriv<br />

regulaciad unda miviCnioT sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 143(2) muxli:<br />

ÌÖáËÉ 143 2 . ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÀ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉ) (25.07.2006<br />

N 3530)<br />

1. ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÚÉÃÅÀ ÀÍ ÂÀÚÉÃÅÀ, ÀÍ ÌÉÓ ÌÉÌÀÒÈ ÓáÅÀ<br />

ÖÊÀÍÏÍÏ ÂÀÒÉÂÄÁÉÓ ÂÀÍáÏÒÝÉÄËÄÁÀ, ÀÂÒÄÈÅÄ ÌÉÓÉ ÂÀÃÀÁÉÒÄÁÀ,<br />

ÂÀÃÀÚÅÀÍÀ, ÂÀÃÀÌÀËÅÀ, ÃÀØÉÒÀÅÄÁÀ, ÔÒÀÍÓÐÏÒÔÉÒÄÁÀ, ÂÀÃÀÝÄÌÀ,<br />

ÛÄ×ÀÒÄÁÀ ÀÍÃÀ ÌÉÙÄÁÀ ÄØÓÐËÖÀÔÀÝÉÉÓ ÌÉÆÍÉÈ, –<br />

ÉÓãÄÁÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÒÅÉÃÀÍ ÈÏÒÌÄÔ ßËÀÌÃÄ,<br />

ÈÀÍÀÌÃÄÁÏÁÉÓ ÃÀÊÀÅÄÁÉÓ ÀÍ ÓÀØÌÉÀÍÏÁÉÓ Ö×ËÄÁÉÓ ÜÀÌÏÒÈÌÄÅÉÈ ÄÒÈÉ<br />

ßËÉÓ ÅÀÃÉÈ.<br />

2. ÉÂÉÅÄ ØÌÄÃÄÁÀ, ÜÀÃÄÍÉËÉ:<br />

À) ÓÀÌÓÀáÖÒÄÁÒÉÅÉ ÌÃÂÏÌÀÒÄÏÁÉÓ ÂÀÌÏÚÄÍÄÁÉÈ;<br />

Á) ÃÀÌÍÀÛÀÅÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ ßÉÍÀÓßÀÒÉ ÛÄÝÍÏÁÉÈ ÖÌßÄÏ ÌÃÂÏÌÀÒÄÏÁÀÛÉ<br />

ÌÚÏ×ÉÓ ÀÍ ÃÀÌÍÀÛÀÅÄÆÄ ÌÀÔÄÒÉÀËÖÒÀà ÀÍÃÀ ÓáÅÀÂÅÀÒÀà ÃÀÌÏÊÉÃÄÁÖËÉÓ<br />

ÌÉÌÀÒÈ, –<br />

ÉÓãÄÁÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÈÄÒÈÌÄÔÉÃÀÍ ÈáÖÈÌÄÔ<br />

ßËÀÌÃÄ, ÈÀÍÀÌÃÄÁÏÁÉÓ ÃÀÊÀÅÄÁÉÓ ÀÍ ÓÀØÌÉÀÍÏÁÉÓ Ö×ËÄÁÉÓ<br />

ÜÀÌÏÒÈÌÄÅÉÈ ÏÒÉ ßËÉÓ ÅÀÃÉÈ.<br />

3. ÉÂÉÅÄ ØÌÄÃÄÁÀ, ÜÀÃÄÍÉËÉ:<br />

À) ÀÒÀÄÒÈÂÆÉÓ;<br />

Á) ÉÞÖËÄÁÉÈ, ÛÀÍÔÀÑÉÈ ÀÍ ÌÏÔÚÖÄÁÉÈ;<br />

Â) ÏÒÉ ÀÍ ÌÄÔÉ ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÌÉÌÀÒÈ;<br />

Ã) ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖËÉÓ ÓÀÆÙÅÀÒÂÀÒÄÈ ÂÀÚÅÀÍÉÈ;<br />

Ä) ÓÉÝÏÝáËÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ ÀÍ ãÀÍÌÒÈÄËÏÁÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ ÓÀÛÉÛÉ ÞÀËÀÃÏÁÉÈ<br />

ÀÍÃÀ ÀÓÄÈÉ ÞÀËÀÃÏÁÉÓ ÂÀÌÏÚÄÍÄÁÉÓ ÌÖØÀÒÉÈ, –<br />

92

ÉÓãÄÁÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÈÏÈáÌÄÔÉÃÀÍ ÜÅÉÃÌÄÔ<br />

ßËÀÌÃÄ, ÈÀÍÀÌÃÄÁÏÁÉÓ ÃÀÊÀÅÄÁÉÓ ÀÍ ÓÀØÌÉÀÍÏÁÉÓ Ö×ËÄÁÉÓ<br />

ÜÀÌÏÒÈÌÄÅÉÈ ÓÀÌÉ ßËÉÓ ÅÀÃÉÈ.<br />

4. ÀÌ ÌÖáËÉÓ ÐÉÒÅÄËÉ, ÌÄ-2 ÀÍ ÌÄ-3 ÍÀßÉËÉÈ ÂÀÈÅÀËÉÓßÉÍÄÁÖËÉ<br />

ØÌÄÃÄÁÀ:<br />

À) ÜÀÃÄÍÉËÉ ÏÒÂÀÍÉÆÄÁÖËÉ ãÂÖ×ÉÓ ÌÉÄÒ;<br />

Á) ÒÀÌÀÝ ÂÀÌÏÉßÅÉÀ ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÍÉÓ ÓÉÝÏÝáËÉÓ ÌÏÓÐÏÁÀ ÀÍ ÓáÅÀ<br />

ÌÞÉÌÄ ÛÄÃÄÂÉ, –<br />

ÉÓãÄÁÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÜÅÉÃÌÄÔÉÃÀÍ ÏÝ ßËÀÌÃÄ,<br />

ÈÀÍÀÌÃÄÁÏÁÉÓ ÃÀÊÀÅÄÁÉÓ ÀÍ ÓÀØÌÉÀÍÏÁÉÓ Ö×ËÄÁÉÓ ÜÀÌÏÒÈÌÄÅÉÈ ÓÀÌÉ<br />

ßËÉÓ ÅÀÃÉÈ ÀÍÃÀ ÖÅÀÃÏ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀÙÊÅÄÈÉÈ.<br />

ÛÄÍÉÛÅÍÀ: ÀÌ ÌÖáËÉÈ ÂÀÈÅÀËÉÓßÉÍÄÁÖËÉ ØÌÄÃÄÁÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ<br />

ÉÖÒÉÃÉÖËÉ ÐÉÒÉ ÉÓãÄÁÀ ÓÀØÌÉÀÍÏÁÉÓ Ö×ËÄÁÉÓ ÜÀÌÏÒÈÌÄÅÉÈ ÀÍ<br />

ËÉÊÅÉÃÀÝÉÉÈ ÃÀ ãÀÒÉÌÉÈ.<br />

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 95-e muxlis<br />

Tanaxmad ÌÏßÌÄà ÀÒ ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀ ÃÀÊÉÈáÏÍ ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÉ –<br />

ÌÏÓÀ×ÉØÒÄÁÄËÉ ÅÀÃÉÓ ÂÀÍÌÀÅËÏÁÀÛÉ. Tumca sisxlis samarTlis<br />

saproceso kodeqsi ar awesebs specialur regulaciebs <strong>trefikingis</strong><br />

sisxlis samarTlis procesSi monawile arasrulwlovanis mimarT. 49<br />

adamianTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> modeluri kanonis Tanaxmad, romelic<br />

anti-trefikingul kanonmdeblobis Seqmnis standartad aris miCneuli 50 ,<br />

arasrulwlovnis <strong>trefikingis</strong>aTvis gansazRvruli Tavisuflebis aRkveTis<br />

minimaluri vada 5 wliT unda aRematebodes srulwlovanTa <strong>trefikingis</strong><br />

SemTxvevaSi dawesebul minimalur sasjels.<br />

damamZimebel garemoebaTa CamonaTvals ki unda daematos<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> trefikingi, Cadenili Tavad arasrulwlovnis<br />

49 am mxriv erTaderT gamonakliss warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns sssk-s 71-e muxlis me-5 punqti, romlis<br />

mixedviTac ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖËÓ ÛÄÖÞËÉÀ ÖÀÒÉ ÈØÅÀÓ ßÀÒÌÏÌÀÃÂÄÍÄËÆÄ, ÌÀÂÒÀÌ ÏÒÂÀÍÏÌ,<br />

ÒÏÌÄËÉÝ ÐÒÏÝÄÓÓ ÀßÀÒÌÏÄÁÓ, ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀ ÀÒ ÌÉÉÙÏÓ ÖÀÒÉ, ÈÖ ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖËÉ<br />

ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÀÍÉ, ØÌÄÃÖÖÍÀÒÏ ÀÍ ÛÄÆÙÖÃÖËØÌÄÃÖÍÀÒÉÀÍÉÀ, ãÀÍÌÒÈÄËÏÁÉÓ<br />

ÌÃÂÏÌÀÒÄÏÁÉÓ ÂÀÌÏ ÀÒ ÛÄÖÞËÉÀ ÃÀÉÝÅÀÓ ÈÀÅÉÓÉ ÉÍÔÄÒÄÓÄÁÉ ÀÍ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÉÓáËÉÓ<br />

ÓÀÌÀÒÈËÉÓ ÊÏÃÄØÓÉÓ 143 1 ÀÍ/ÃÀ 143 2 ÌÖáËÉÈ ÂÀÈÅÀËÉÓßÉÍÄÁÖË ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÛÉ<br />

ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖËÉÀ. (20.06.2006 N3310 ÂÀÌÏØÅÄÚÍÄÁÉÃÀÍ 1 ÈÅÉÓ ÛÄÌÃÄÂ)<br />

50 Model Law to Combat Trafficking in Persons. Released by the Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in<br />

Persons. March 12, 2003<br />

93

zrunvaze pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>beli piris mier da am SemTxvevaSi sasjelis<br />

minimalur vadas unda daematos 3-dan 5 wlamde vada.<br />

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 1431 muxliT adamianTa<br />

(srulwlovanTa) <strong>trefikingis</strong>aTvis dawesebul sasjels Sead<strong>ge</strong>ns<br />

Tavisuflebis aRkveTa vadiT 7-dan 12 wlamde, e.i. minimaluri zRvari 7<br />

welia.<br />

xolo sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 143 2 muxliT <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong><br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong>aTvis minimaluri sasjeli 8 wels Sead<strong>ge</strong>ns. vfiqrobT,<br />

kanonmdebelma unda ganixilos aRniSnuli saerTaSoriso standartiT<br />

SemoTavazebuli rekomendacia.<br />

II.13. saqarTvelos kanonis “adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>)<br />

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>” Tanmdevi sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi<br />

saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsSi Sesatani<br />

cvlilebebi iTvaliswinebs administraciul pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobas im<br />

subieqtebis mimarT, romlebic axorcieleben dasaqmebisa da turistuli<br />

da sakurorto sferoSi saqmianobas Sesabamis saxelmwifo reestrSi<br />

registraciis gareSe. kanonproeqtis mixedviT dasaqmebis kerZo saa<strong>ge</strong>ntos<br />

saqmianoba dasaqmebis kerZo saa<strong>ge</strong>ntoTa saxelmwifo reestrSi<br />

registraciis gareSe da turistuli da sakurorto saqmianobis<br />

ganxorcieleba turistuli da sakurorto saqmianobis<br />

ganmaxorcielebeli subieqtebis saxelmwifo reestrSi registraciis<br />

gareSe gamoiwvevs dajarimebas aTasidan aTas xuTas laramd, xolo igive<br />

qmedebis Cadena administraciuli saxdelis dadebidan erTi wlis<br />

ganmavlobaSi _ dajarimebas oriaTasidan oriaTasxuTas laramde.<br />

kanonproeqtis mixedviT aRniSnuli samarTaldarRvevaTa Sesaxeb oqms<br />

Sed<strong>ge</strong>nis uflebamosileba ekisrebaT Sesabamisi saxelmwifo reestris<br />

mwarmoebel organoebs, xolo samarTaldarRvevaTa Sesaxeb saqmeebs<br />

ganixilavs raionis (qalaqis) sasamarTloebi.<br />

94

saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsSi 2006 wlis<br />

23 ivniss Setanili cvlilebebis (N 3382- IÓ) Tanaxmad ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ<br />

ÌÏØÀËÀØÄÈÀ ÃÀ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÛÉ ÌÝáÏÅÒÄÁ ÖÝáÏÄËÈÀ ÒÄÂÉÓÔÒÀÝÉÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ<br />

ÃÀÃÂÄÍÉËÉ ßÄÓÄÁÉÓ ÃÀÒÙÅÄÅÉÈ ÝáÏÅÒÄÁÀ ÂÀÌÏÉßÅÄÅÓ ÃÀãÀÒÉÌÄÁÀÓ 5<br />

ËÀÒÉÓ ÏÃÄÍÏÁÉÈ. Tumca ÀÃÌÉÍÉÓÔÒÀÝÉÖËÉ ÐÀÓÖáÉÓÌÂÄÁËÏÁÉÓÀÂÀÍ<br />

ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÃÄÁÉÀÍ ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ) ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÉ ÃÀ<br />

ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÉÓáËÉÓ ÓÀÌÀÒÈËÉÓ ÊÏÃÄØÓÉÓ 143 1 ÀÍ/ÃÀ 143 2 ÌÖáËÉÈ<br />

ÂÀÈÅÀËÉÓßÉÍÄÁÖË ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÆÄ ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖËÀà ÝÍÏÁÉËÉ ÐÉÒÉ, ÈÖ<br />

ÀÙÍÉÛÍÖËÉ ØÌÄÃÄÁÀ ÌÀÈ ÜÀÉÃÉÍÄÓ ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ)<br />

ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÀà ÚÏ×ÍÉÓ ÂÀÌÏ ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ)<br />

ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÉÓ ÓÔÀÔÖÓÉÓ ÌÏÐÏÅÄÁÀÌÃÄ.<br />

saqarTvelos samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsSi Setanili cvlilebebi<br />

iTvaliswinebs samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebis wesiT adamianiT<br />

vaWrobidan miRebuli qonebis CamorTmevas adamianiT movaWris, misi<br />

ojaxis wevris, axlo naTesavisaTvis da masTan dakavSirebuli pirisTvis.<br />

sarCelis aRZvra dasaSvebia adamianiT movaWris mimarT sasamarTlos<br />

ganaCenis kanonier ZalaSi Sesvlidan 30 dRis vadaSi. amasTan, Tu<br />

arsebobs monacemebi, rom adamianiT movaWris, misi ojaxis wevris, axlo<br />

naTesavis an adamianiT movaWresTan dakavSirebuli piris mflobelobaSi<br />

arsebul qonebas gadamalaven an daxarjaven anda sxvagvarad gaasxviseben,<br />

prokurors ekisreba valdebuleba gancxadebiT mimarTos sasamarTlos<br />

qonebis, maT Soris, sabanko angariSebis dayadaRebis Taobaze.<br />

`momxmarebelTa uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonSi Sesatani<br />

cvlilebebi iTvaliswinebs rigi debulebebis SemoRebas, romelTa mizania<br />

momxmarebels Seuqmnas obieqturi warmod<strong>ge</strong>na SeTavazebuli momsaxurebis<br />

Taobaze. kerZod, kanonproeqtis mixedviT turistuli da sakurorto<br />

saqmianobis ganmaxorcielebeli subieqtebi valdebulni arian<br />

momxmarebels moTxovnisamebr miawodon informacia da warudginos<br />

turistuli da sakurorto saqmianobis ganmaxorcielebeli subieqtebis<br />

saxelmwifo reestrSi registraciis damadasturebeli dokumenti, aseve<br />

turoperatorebTan da tura<strong>ge</strong>ntebTan gaformebuli xelSekruleba<br />

turistuli produqtis saxeobisa da misi realizaciis pirobebis Sesaxeb.<br />

95

turistuli da sakurorto saqmianobis ganmaxorcielebeli subieqtebi<br />

valdebulni arian aseve TvalsaCino adgilze ganaTavson maTi<br />

turistuli da sakurorto saqmianobis ganmaxorcielebeli subieqtebis<br />

saxelmwifo reestrSi registraciis damadasturebeli dokumenti.<br />

momxmarebelTa uflebebis dacvis TvalsazrisiT aRsaniSnavia<br />

kanonproeqtiT turistuli da sakurorto saqmianobis ganmaxorcielebeli<br />

subieqtebisaTvis dakisrebuli valdebuleba, romlis mixedviT isini<br />

valdebulni arian momxmareblebs saxelmwifo an momxmareblisaTvis<br />

gasa<strong>ge</strong>b enaze warudginon turistuli produqtisa da turistuli<br />

momsaxurebis paketis Taobaze zusti da amomwuravi monacemebi, maT Soris<br />

monacemebi turis xangrZlivobis, gadaadgilebis marSrutis, turis<br />

dawyebisa da dasrulebis TariRebis, pasportsa da vizasTan<br />

dakavSirebul sakiTxebis, gamgzavrebis, turis ganmavlobaSi<br />

gadaadgilebisa da Camosvlis satransporto saSualebis, gansaxlebis<br />

tipis, momsaxurebis xarisxis, kvebis, sastumroSi ganTavsebis, Ramis Tevis,<br />

mimRebi qveynis policiis, pirveladi samedicino daxmarebis, Sesabamis<br />

qveyanaSi saqarTvelos diplomatiuri warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlobis sakontaqto<br />

telefonebis, xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebuli pirobebis<br />

Seusruleblobis an pirobebis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi mxareTa<br />

pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobisa da zianis anazRaurebis wesisa da sxva pirobebis<br />

Taobaze.<br />

`reklamis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonSi Sesatani cvlilebebi<br />

iTvaliswinebs turistuli momsaxurebis reklamis ganTavsebis wessa da<br />

pirobebs, romlis mixedviT turistuli momsaxurebis reklamis<br />

ganTavsebis uflebamosileba gaaCniaT mxolod im subieqtebs, romlebic<br />

registrirebulni arian turistuli da sakurorto saqmianobis<br />

ganmaxorcielebeli subieqtebis saxelmwifo reestrSi. aRniSnulis<br />

uzrunvelsayofad kanonproeqti iTvaliswinebs, rom turistuli<br />

momsaxurebis reklamis ganTavsebisaTvis Sesabamisma iuridiuli pirma<br />

reklamis gamavrcelebels unda warud<strong>ge</strong>nos turistuli momsaxurebis<br />

subieqtis turistuli da sakurorto saqmianobis ganmaxorcielebeli<br />

subieqtebis saxelmwifo reestrSi registraciis damadasturebel<br />

dokumenti.<br />

96

aRniSnuli cvlilebebi gamomdinareobs `turizmisa da kurortis Sesaxeb~<br />

saqarTvelos kanonSi momzadebuli cvlilebebidan, romlis mixedviT<br />

turistuli da sakurorto saqmianobis ganmaxorcielebeli subieqtebs<br />

turistuli produqtisa da turistuli momsaxurebis SeTavazeba<br />

SeuZliaT mxolod Sesabamis saxelmwifo reestrSi registraciis Semdeg.<br />

amasTan, turistuli da sakurorto saqmianobis ganmaxorcielebeli<br />

subieqtebi valdebulni arian turistuli produqtisa da turistuli<br />

momsaxurebis SeTavazebis nebismieri formiT reklamirebis dros<br />

miuTiTon maTi turistuli da sakurorto saqmianobis ganmaxorcielebeli<br />

subieqtebis saxelmwifo reestrSi registraciisa da reestris nomris<br />

Sesaxeb.<br />

“ucxoelTa samarTlebrivi mdgomareobis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanonSi<br />

Setanili cvlilebebi 51 iTvaliswinebs saxelmwifosaTvis uflebis<br />

miniWebas, raTa saqarTvelos teritoriaze Semosvlaze uari uTxras<br />

nebismier ucxoels, romelic eWvmitanilia adamianiT vaWrobis<br />

(<strong>trefikingis</strong>) danaSaulis CadenaSi. kanonproeqti aregulirebs<br />

saqarTveloSi droebiTi binadrobis nebarTvis gacemis da gagrZelebis<br />

safuZvlebs im ucxoelebze, romelTa mimarT arsebobs safuZvliani<br />

varaudi, rom isini SeiZleba iyvnen adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>)<br />

danaSaulis msxverpli, dazaralebuli da amasTanave, krZalavs maT<br />

gaZevebas mosafiqrebeli vadis ganmavlobaSi.<br />

II.14. kanonqvemdebare normatiuli aqtebi<br />

`adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb~<br />

saqarTvelos kanonis Tanaxmad SemuSavebul iqna Semdegi kanonqvemdebare<br />

normatiuli aqtebi:<br />

• ÓÀÌÏØÌÄÃÏ ÉÍÓÔÒÖØÝÉÀ ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ)<br />

ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÈÀ ÃÀÓÀÝÀÅÀà (ÄÒÏÅÍÖËÉ ÒÄ×ÄÒÀËÖÒÉ ÌÄØÀÍÉÆÌÉ);<br />

51 xelmoweril iqna saqarTvelos prezidentis mier 2006 wlis 7 dekembers. N 3837 - IIÓ<br />

97

• ÓÀãÀÒÏ ÓÀÌÀÒÈËÉÓ ÉÖÒÉÃÉÖËÉ ÐÉÒÉÓ – ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ<br />

(ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ) ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÈÀ, ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖËÈÀ ÃÀÝÅÉÓÀ ÃÀ<br />

ÃÀáÌÀÒÄÁÉÓ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×Ï ×ÏÍÃÉÓ ÃÄÁÖËÄÁÀ<br />

• instruqcia adamianebiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) msxverplTa,<br />

dazaralebulTaTvis kompensaciis gacemis wesisa da odenobis<br />

Sesaxeb<br />

• erTiani sainformacio bankis Seqmnisa da informaciaze dasaSveb<br />

pirTa siis formulirebis wesi 52<br />

• ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ) ßÉÍÀÀÙÌÃÄ ÌÉÌÀÒÈÖËÉ<br />

ÙÏÍÉÓÞÉÄÁÄÁÉÓ ÂÀÍÌÀáÏÒÝÉÄËÄÁÄËÉ ÓÀÖßÚÄÁÀÈÀÛÏÒÉÓÏ<br />

ÓÀÊÏÏÒÃÉÍÀÝÉÏ ÓÀÁàÏÓ ÃÄÁÖËÄÁÀ 53<br />

• adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) msxverplTa TavSesafris<br />

samedicino standarti<br />

• TavSesafris funqcionirebis principebi, mowyobis wesi da<br />

standartebi<br />

• erovnuli referaluri meqanizmi awesri<strong>ge</strong>bs <strong>trefikingis</strong> savaraudo<br />

msxverplTan pirvel kontaqtTan, mis identifikaciasTan, dacvasTan<br />

da daxmarebasTan dakavSirebul wesebsa da procedurebs.<br />

dokumentis proeqtis mixedviT 54 mas Semdeg, rac moxdeba identificireba,<br />

msxverplis survilis SemTxvevaSi igi SeiZleba gadaiyvanon TavSesafarSi.<br />

sxva SemTxvevaSi mas SeuZlia isar<strong>ge</strong>blos adamianiT vaWrobiT<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplisaTvis kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli garantiebiT 55 .<br />

vfiqrobT, gasarkvevia, Tu ra regulacias eqneba adgili, Tu<br />

arasrulwlovani msxverpli ar gamoTqvams amgvar survils da gasamijnia<br />

52 საქართველოს შინაგან საქმეთა მინისტრის 2006 წლის 28 დეკემბრის ბრძანება N 1544 ერთიანი<br />

საინფორმაციო ბანკის შექმნის წესისა და ინფორმაციაზე დასაშვებ პირთა სიის ფორმულირების<br />

წესის დამტკიცების შესახებ<br />

53 ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÐÒÄÆÉÃÄÍÔÉÓ ÁÒÞÀÍÄÁÖËÄÁÀ N 534. 2006 ßËÉÓ 1 ÓÄØÔÄÌÁÄÒÉ<br />

54 www.pog.gov.<strong>ge</strong>/Files/57a66f96-078d-4471-a3a6-1ac7dad88348/National%20Ref.pdf<br />

55 msverpls gadaecema standartuli dokumenti, romelic moicavs:<br />

1. jandacvis sferoSi misTvis aresbuli daxmarebis Sesaxeb informacia (sakontaqto<br />

monacemebis CaTvliT);<br />

2. ufaso iuridiuli daxmareba (sakontaqti informacia);<br />

3. kanoniT da sisxlis samarTlis procesiT gaTvaliswinebuli garantiebis nusxa;<br />

98

Tanxmobis faqtoris aucilebloba <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> da srulwlovanTa<br />

SemTxvevebSi. qmeduunaro arasrulwlovanma SesaZloa uari Tqvas<br />

TavSesafarSi gadayvanaze, rac SeiZleba e<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>ebodes mis saukeTeso<br />

interesebs. amitom unda gaiweros es specifika, Tu ra asakidan aris misi<br />

Tanxmoba gasaTvaliswinebeli, misi kanonieri warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebis Tanxmoba,<br />

mobiluri jgufis da socialuri muSakis rekomendacia da a.S. aseve<br />

valdebuleba, moiZion umeTvalyureod darCenilis arasrulwlovani<br />

msxverplis kanonieri warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebi.<br />

• ÓÀãÀÒÏ ÓÀÌÀÒÈËÉÓ ÉÖÒÉÃÉÖËÉ ÐÉÒÉÓ – ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ<br />

(ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ) ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÈÀ, ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖËÈÀ ÃÀÝÅÉÓÀ ÃÀ<br />

ÃÀáÌÀÒÄÁÉÓ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×Ï ×ÏÍÃÉÓ ÃÄÁÖËÄÁÀ - ÃÀÌÔÊÉÝÃÀ<br />

ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÐÒÄÆÉÃÄÍÔÉÓ 2006 ßËÉÓ 18 ÉÅËÉÓÉÓ N 437<br />

ÁÒÞÀÍÄÁÖËÄÁÉÈ. debulebis Tanaxmad, ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÈÀ<br />

ÌÏÌÓÀáÖÒÄÁÉÓ ÃÀßÄÓÄÁÖËÄÁÀ (ÈÀÅÛÄÓÀ×ÀÒÉ) ÉØÌÍÄÁÀ ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ<br />

ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÈÀ, ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖËÈÀ ÃÀÝÅÉÓÀ ÃÀ ÃÀáÌÀÒÄÁÉÓ ÌÉÆÍÉÈ ÃÀ<br />

ÀÒÉÓ ×ÏÍÃÉÓ ÓÔÒÖØÔÖÒÖËÉ ÄÒÈÄÖËÉ. ÈÀÅÛÄÓÀ×ÒÉÓ ÌÏÌÓÀáÖÒÄÁÉÈ<br />

ÉÓÀÒÂÄÁËÄÁÓ ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÉ - ÐÉÒÉ, ÒÏÌÄËÓÀÝ<br />

ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ) ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÉÓ ÛÄÃÄÂÀà ÌÉÀÃÂÀ<br />

ÌÏÒÀËÖÒÉ, ×ÉÆÉÊÖÒÉ ÀÍ ØÏÍÄÁÒÉÅÉ ÆÉÀÍÉ, ÃÀ ÒÏÌÄËÉÝ<br />

ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÊÀÍÏÍÌÃÄÁËÏÁÉÈ ÃÀÃÂÄÍÉËÉ ßÄÓÉÈ ÓÀÖßÚÄÁÀÈÀÛÏÒÉÓÏ<br />

ÓÀÊÏÏÒÃÉÍÀÝÉÏ ÓÀÁàÏÓÈÀÍ ÛÄØÌÍÉËÉ ÌÖÃÌÉÅÌÏØÌÄÃÉ ãÂÖ×ÉÓ ÌÉÄÒ<br />

ÌÉÜÍÄÖËÉÀ ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ (ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ) ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÀÃ.<br />

debulebis mixedviTac, erovnuli referaluri meqanizmis analogiurad,<br />

ÈÀÅÛÄÓÀ×ÀÒÛÉ ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÉÓ ÂÀÍÈÀÅÓÄÁÀ ÛÄÓÀÞËÄÁÄËÉÀ<br />

ÌáÏËÏà ÌÉÓÉ ÈÀÍáÌÏÁÉÈ. aqac gasaweria arasrulwlovani msxverplis<br />

Tanxmobis arasebobis SemTxvevaSi misi TavSesafarSi ganTavsebis wesi<br />

misi saukeTeso interesebidan gamomdinare.<br />

debulebis me-12 muxlis Tanaxmad ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÉÓ ÈÀÅÛÄÓÀ×ÀÒÛÉ<br />

ÌÏÈÀÅÓÄÁÀ áÃÄÁÀ áÄËÛÄÊÒÖËÄÁÉÓ ÓÀ×ÖÞÅÄËÆÄ, ÌÉÓÉ ÀÓÀÊÉÓ, ÓØÄÓÉÓ ÃÀ<br />

ÓÐÄÝÉÀËÖÒÉ ÌÏÈáÏÅÍÄÁÉÓ ÂÀÈÅÀËÉÓßÉÍÄÁÉÈ. áÄËÛÄÊÒÖËÄÁÀ ÉÃÄÁÀ<br />

ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÓÀ ÃÀ ÈÀÅÛÄÓÀ×ÒÉÓ ÀÃÌÉÍÉÓÔÒÀÔÏÒÓ ÛÏÒÉÓ.<br />

99

aq mkafiod unda ganisazRvros arasrulwlovani msxverplTan<br />

xelSekrulebis dadebis pirobebi misi kanonieri warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebis<br />

ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi.<br />

aseve unda dakonkretdes arasrulwlovan msxverplTa da dazaralebulTa<br />

identifikaciis, maTTvis meurvisa da mzrunvelis daniSvnis meqanizmebi da<br />

TiToeuli SemTxvevis individualuri Sefasebis wesi da procedura<br />

gaeros bavSTa fondis standartis Sesabamisad 56 .<br />

debulebis Tanaxmad <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplTa TavSesafris personals<br />

Soris moiazreba specialuri momzadebis mqone socialuri muSakebi.<br />

aRniSnuli SesabamisobaSi unda movides socialuri muSakebis momzadebis<br />

da maTi erTiani saakreditacio wesis ganmsazRvrel sakanonmdeblo<br />

bazasTan. 57<br />

• adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) msxverplTa TavSesafris<br />

standarti ad<strong>ge</strong>ns zogad moTxovnebs <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplTa<br />

TavSesafrebis mowyobisa da eqspluataciisadmi. maTi dacva<br />

savaldebuloa aRniSnuli tipis yvela dawesebulebisaTvis<br />

miuxedavad sakuTrebis formisa da organizaciul-samarTlebrivi<br />

daqvemdebarebisa. arasrulwlovnebTan dakavSirebiT igi<br />

iTvaliswinebs TavSesafarSi msxverplis Tanmxlebi bavSvebis<br />

imunizacias saqarTveloSi moqmedi acrebis kalendris Sesabamisad,<br />

mSoblebisa da SvilebisaTvis (3-4 suli) gankuTvnili oTaxebis<br />

farTobis moculobas aranakleb 15-20 m2-sa, sanitariuli kvanZebSi<br />

sabavSvo unitazebisa da xelsabanebis gaTvaliswinebas angariSiT: 2<br />

unitazi da 2 xelsabani 10 bavSvze, sacxovreblis SenobaSi sabavSvo<br />

saTamaSo oTaxis gamoyofas.<br />

56 UNICEF GUIDELINES FOR PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF CHILD VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING.<br />

Updated edition of April 2005.<br />

57<br />

Cveni kvlevis dasrulebis Semdeg, “socialuri daxmarebis sistemis Sesaxeb”<br />

saqarTvelos kanonis mesame mosmenisas saqarTvelos parlamentma kanonis proeqtSi<br />

Seitana damateba, romlis mixedviTac საქართველოს მთავრობამ 2007 წლის 1 სექტემბრამდე<br />

წარმოადგინოს შესაბამისი წინადადებები „ოჯახში ძალადობის აღკვეთის, ოჯახში ძალადობის<br />

მსხვერპლთა დაცვისა და დახმარების შესახებ“ და „ადამიანით ვაჭრობის (ტრეფიკინგის)<br />

წინააღმდეგ ბრძოლის შესახებ“ საქართველოს კანონებით გათვალისწინებულ საკითხებზე<br />

მომუშავე სოციალურ მუშაკთა საქმიანობის რეგულირებასთან დაკავშირებით.<br />

100

aqedan gamomdinare albaT igulisxmeba, rom TavSesafarSi Tavsdebian<br />

mxolod is mcirewlovnebi, romlebic msxverplis Tanmxlebi bavSvebi<br />

arian. Sesabamisad kvlav dauregulirebeli rCeba zogadad<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong>, gansakuTrebiT ki SezRuduli qmedunarianobis mqone<br />

(e.i. 7-dan 18 wlamde) <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> ganTavsebis procedurebis<br />

specifika, TavSesafarSi maTi yofnisas aucilebeli pirobebis garantiebi<br />

(ganaTleba) da a.S.<br />

• TavSesafris funqcionirebis principebi, mowyobis wesi da<br />

standartebi awesri<strong>ge</strong>bs TavSesafris funqcionirebis principebs,<br />

TavSesafarSi moTavsebis wesebs, iq yofnis xangrZlivobas, misi<br />

datovebis pirobebs, TavSesafris Sinaganawess da a.S.<br />

standartebis Tanaxmad TavSesafarSi yofnis xangrZlivoba ganisazRvreba<br />

3 TviT, Sesabamisi kontraqtis safuZvelze. aRniSnuli vadis gasvlis<br />

Semdeg, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi SesaZleblia vadis gagrZelebac.<br />

TavSesafris datoveba SesaZlebelia nebayoflobiT msxverplis mier,<br />

vadis amowurvamde. vfiqrobT, aq dasakonkretebelia arasrulwlovnis<br />

mier TavSesafris nebayoflobiT datovebis pirobebi, Tuki bavSvis<br />

interesebs e<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>eba. aucilebelia am debulebas daematos bavSvis<br />

kanonieri warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebis Tanxmoba, iuristebisa da socialuri muSakis<br />

Sesabamisi dakvnisa da rekomendaciis aucilebloba.<br />

standartebis Tanaxmad TavSesafari ufasod uzrunvelyofs msxverpls<br />

miiRos saTanado informacia profesiuli swavlebisa da<br />

saganmanaTleblo programebis Sesaxeb.<br />

vfiqrobT, aucilebelia uzrunvelyofil iqnas TavSesafarSi moTavsebul<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> ganaTleba da aramarto saTanado informaciis miReba<br />

saganmanaTleblo programebis Sesaxeb. unda iyos gaTvaliswinebuli<br />

mowveuli pedago<strong>ge</strong>bis mier gakveTilebis Catareba ZiriTad<br />

disciplinebSi.<br />

101

II.15. ZiriTadi rekomendaciebi kanonmdeblobis srulyofis<br />

mizniT.<br />

• gaeros palermos oqmis me-6 muxliT TiToeulma monawile<br />

saxelmwifom unda gaiTvaliswinos <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplTa asaki,<br />

sqesi da specialuri moTxovnilebebi, gansakuTrebiT bavSvebis<br />

specialuri moTxovnilebebi, saTanado sacxovrebeli pirobebis,<br />

ganaTlebisa da mzrunvelobis CaTvliT. saqarTvelos kanonSi<br />

adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb (2006<br />

wlis 8 aprili) es debuleba gadmotanilia, rogorc minimaluri<br />

standarti da met dakonkretebas saWiroebs.<br />

• adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> saqarTvelos kanonis<br />

me-20 muxlis me-6 punqti axdens im saerTaSoriso standartebze<br />

referirebas, romelTa gamoyenebac unda moxdes <strong>trefikingis</strong><br />

msxverpl bavSvTa mimarT. sasurvelia arniSnul CamonaTvals<br />

daematos gaeros konvenciis oqmi “adamianebis, gansakuTrebiT<br />

qalebisa da bavSvebis <strong>trefikingis</strong> Tavidan acilebis, aRkveTisa da<br />

dasjis Sesaxeb” da bavSvis uflebaTa konvenciis damatebiTi oqmi<br />

“bavSvebiT vaWrobis, bavSvTa prostiruciisa da bavSvTa<br />

pornografiis Sesaxeb”.<br />

• saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT aseve ar aris daregulirebuli<br />

gaeros palermos oqmis is debuleba monawile saxelmwifoTa<br />

samarTaldamcavi, saemigracio da sxva Sesabamisma uwyebebis<br />

TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb Semdegi miznebisaTvis: (a) arian Tu ara<br />

trefikerebi an <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplni is pirebi, romlebic sxvisi<br />

samgzavro dokumentebiT an samgzavro dokumentebis gareSe kveTen<br />

an cdiloben gadakveTon saerTaSoriso sazRvari; (b) ra saxis<br />

samgzavro dokumentebi iqna gamoyenebuli an ra saxis samgzavro<br />

dokumentebis gamoyenebis mcdelobas hqonda adgili saerTaSoriso<br />

sazRvris gadakveTis dros <strong>trefikingis</strong> danaSaulis Cadenis mizniT;<br />

marTalia “ucxoelTa samarTlebrivi mdgomareobis Sesaxeb”<br />

saqarTvelos kanonSi Setanili cvlilebebi zogadad iTvaliswinebs<br />

102

saxelmwifosaTvis uflebis miniWebas, raTa saqarTvelos<br />

teritoriaze Semosvlaze uari uTxras nebismier ucxoels, romelic<br />

eWvmitanilia adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) danaSaulis CadenaSi,<br />

magram maT mier warsulSi gamoyenebuli samgzavro dokumentebis<br />

sakiTxi saTanadod ar aris regulirebuli.<br />

• saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT ar aris regulirebuli gaeros<br />

palermos oqmis me-11 muxlis me-3 da me-4 punqtebis moTxovna, rom<br />

gadamzidvelTaTvis, maT Soris nebismieri satransporto kompaniis<br />

an satransporto saSualebis mflobelTaTvis da<br />

operatorebisaTvis dakisrebul unda iqnas valdebuleba, rom<br />

yvela mgzavri flobdes mimReb saxelmwifoSi SesvlisaTvis saWiro<br />

yvela aucilebel samgzavro dokuments. am valdebulebis<br />

darRvevisTvis ki unda dawesdes sanqciebi.<br />

• evropis sabWos ministrTa komitetis rekomendacia # R (91)11<br />

mouwodebs saxelmwifoebs uzrunvelyon <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverpli da<br />

mowme bavSvebi Cvenebis micemisa da dakiTxvis specialuri<br />

saSualebebiT (audio da video Canawerebi), raTa SeZlebisdagvarad<br />

acilebul iqnes mosmenisa da calkeuli dapirispirebis ganmeoreba,<br />

da Semsubuqdes samarTalwarmoebis matramvirebeli Sede<strong>ge</strong>bi.<br />

sasurvelia es norma dawvrilebiT ganiweros qarTul<br />

kanonmdeblobaSi.<br />

• mizanSewonilad migvaCnia saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi<br />

gaTvaliswinebul iqnas stokholmis deklaraciisa da evropis<br />

sabWos rekomendaciebis moTxovna da SemoRebul iqnas<br />

eqstrateritorialuri kanonmdebloba bavSvTa komerciuli<br />

seqsualuri eqspluataciis, maT Soris bavSvTa prostituciis,<br />

bavSvebze orientirebuli seqs turizmis, bavSvTa <strong>trefikingis</strong>a da<br />

pornografiis mimarT.<br />

• evropuli konvenciis xelSemkvrelma saxelmwifoebma zomebi unda<br />

miiRon <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverpli bavSvebis vinaobis an maTi vinaobis<br />

103

dad<strong>ge</strong>nis damxmare detalebis gamoqveynebis Tavidan asacileblad.<br />

am mizniT zogierTi qveynis kanonebSi Setanilia sisxlis<br />

samarTlis sanqciebi nebismieri iseTi informaciis sajarod<br />

gamoqveynebisTvis, romelsac ZaluZs zogierTi danaSaulis<br />

msxverplTa vinaobis gamJRavneba. aRniSnuli normebi, romlebic<br />

msxverpli bavSvebis vinaobis gansakuTrebul dacvas uzrunvelyofs,<br />

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi saTanadod ar aris asaxuli.<br />

• evropul konvenciaSi xazgasmulia <strong>trefikingis</strong> arasrulwlovan<br />

msxverplTaTvis gasawevi daxmarebis specialuri zomebi.<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverpli bavSvebis moTavseba dakavebis adgilebSi im<br />

mizeziT, rom ar aris sakmarisi adgilebi bavSvebisTvis gankuTvnil<br />

specialur dawesebulebebSi, calsaxad mizanSeuwonlad aris<br />

miCneuli da bavSvis moTavseba dakavebis adgilebSi araviTar<br />

SemTxvevaSi ar SeiZleba ganxiluli iqnes saTanado<br />

sacxovrebelad. yovelive es garkveul SeusabamobaSi modis<br />

“adamianTa vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb”<br />

saqarTvelos kanonis me-18 (2) muxlTan, romlis Tanaxmadac<br />

“ÃÀÖÛÅÄÁÄËÉÀ ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖËÉÓ ÌÏÈÀÅÓÄÁÀ ÃÀÊÀÅÄÁÉÓ, ßÉÍÀÓßÀÒÉ<br />

ÐÀÔÉÌÒÏÁÉÓ ÀÃÂÉËÄÁÛÉ, ÝÉáÄÄÁÓÀ ÃÀ ÓÀÐÚÒÏÁÉËÄÄÁÛÉ, ÂÀÒÃÀ<br />

ÊÀÍÏÍÉÈ ÃÀÃÂÄÍÉËÉ ÂÀÌÏÍÀÊËÉÓÄÁÉÓÀ ÃÀ ÉÌ ÛÄÌÈáÅÄÅÉÓÀ, ÈÖ<br />

ÛÄÓÀÞËÄÁÄËÉÀ ÌÀÈÉ ÓáÅÀÈÀÂÀÍ ÂÀÍÝÀËÊÄÅÄÁÉÈ ÌÏÈÀÅÓÄÁÀ”. anu, aq<br />

erTgvarad dasaSvebad miiCneva <strong>trefikingis</strong> arasrulwlovani<br />

dazaralebulis moTavseba dakavebis adgilebSi. sasurvelia<br />

gakeTdes Sesabamisi daTqma, rogor kanonSi aseve misgan<br />

gamomdinare kanonqvemdebare aqtebSi.<br />

• evropuli konvenciis me-19 muxliT xdeba msxverplis momsaxurebiT<br />

sar<strong>ge</strong>blobis kriminalizacia, kerZod: `TiToeuli monawile<br />

ganixilavs iseTi sakanonmdeblo da sxva zomebis gatarebis<br />

SesaZleblobas, romlebic aucilebelia, raTa Tavis Sida<br />

kanonmdeblobaSi sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulad gamocxaddes<br />

piris iseTi momsaxurebiT sar<strong>ge</strong>bloba, romelic warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns<br />

eqspluatacias konvenciis me-4 muxlis Sesabamisad, Tu amgvari<br />

104

momsaxureba xorcieldeba winaswari SecnobiT imisa, rom es piri<br />

adamianebiT vaWrobis msxverplia.~ konvenciis es moTxovna<br />

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi asaxuli ar aris, Tumca sxva<br />

sakiTxia, ramdenad SesaZlebelia am muxlis saqarTvelos pirobebSi<br />

amoqmedeba, maSin rodesac saqarTveloSi vTqvaT, komerciuli<br />

seqsualuri servisi e.i. prostitucia ar aris legalizebuli da<br />

Sesabamisad ar arsebobs aRniSnuli saqmianobis<br />

ganxorcielebisaTvis gankuTvnili legaluri dawesebulebebi,<br />

sadac SeiZleba mivides amgvari momsaxurebis msurveli piri da<br />

isar<strong>ge</strong>blos SemoTavazebuli, maT Soris <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverplis<br />

mier gaweuli servisiT (winaswari Secnobis gareSe). Aaqve unda<br />

gaviTvaliswinoT, is faqtic, rom konvenciiT ar aris SesaZlebeli<br />

gakeTdes daTqma calkeul muxlebTan mimarTebaSi da misi me-4<br />

muxlic daregulirebas saWiroebs. aq SesaZlo gamosavali SeiZleba<br />

mdgomareobdes saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 375-e<br />

muxlze apelirebaSi, romelic iTvaliswinebs sanqciebs<br />

gansakuTrebiT mZime danaSaulis dafarvisaTvis. am SemTxvevaSi<br />

aucilebelia, saqarTvelos, rogorc konvenciis xelSemkvreli<br />

saxelmwifos mier gakeTdes Sesabamisi gancxadeba da amis Sesaxeb<br />

ecnobos konvenciis depozitars 58 .<br />

• evropuli konvenciis me-10 muxlis me-3 punqtiT: `Tu msxverplis<br />

asaki ar aris dad<strong>ge</strong>nili da arsebobs safuZveli varaudisaTvis,<br />

rom igi bavSvia, msxverpli CaiTvleba bavSvad da misi asakis<br />

dad<strong>ge</strong>namde mis mimarT ganxorcieldeba specialuri dacvis zomebi.~<br />

aRniSnuli moTxovna gaTvaliswinebulia `adamianiT vaWrobis<br />

(<strong>trefikingis</strong>) <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-<br />

18 muxlis me-7 punqtSi, Tumca Semdgom am muxlSi araferia naTqvami<br />

im specialuri dacvis zomebze, romelzec akeTebs miTiTebas<br />

warmod<strong>ge</strong>nili konvencia, kerZod: konvenciis me-10 muxlis me-4<br />

58 saqarTvelos parlamentSi amJamad ganxilvis procesSia parlamentis wevris q-n lali<br />

fafiaSvilis mier warmod<strong>ge</strong>nili kanonproeqti `saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis<br />

kodeqsSi damatebis Setanis Sesaxeb~, romelic iTvaliswinebs saqarTvelos sisxlis<br />

samarTlis kodeqsisaTvis 144 (4) muxlis damatebas winaswari SecnobiT adamianis<br />

vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) msxverplis (dazaralebulis) momsaxurebiT sar<strong>ge</strong>blobis Sesaxeb<br />

da awesebs Sesabamis sanqciebs.<br />

105

punqtis Tanaxmad: `rogorc ki moxdeba upatrono bavSvis, rogorc<br />

msxverplis identificireba, TiToeuli monawile:~<br />

a) uzrunvelyofs raTa bavSvs daeniSnos kanonieri meurve,<br />

organizacia an organo, romelic daicavs aseTi bavSvis interesebs;<br />

b) miiRebs aucilebel zomebs misi vinaobisa da moqalaqeobis<br />

dad<strong>ge</strong>nis mizniT;<br />

c) yvelafers iRonebs misi ojaxis adgilasmyofelis dad<strong>ge</strong>nis mizniT,<br />

Tu es Sedis bavSvis interesebSi.K<br />

mizanSewonilad miviCnevT aRniSnulma normebma asaxva hpovon<br />

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi.<br />

• `adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb~<br />

saqarTvelos kanonis me-14 muxlis me-8 punqtis Tanaxmad: `adamianiT<br />

vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) msxverplTa da mowmeTa vinaoba, misamarTebi<br />

da sxva personaluri informacia saidumlo informaciaa da misi<br />

gamJRavneba akrZalulia, garda kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli<br />

SemTxvevebisa. Cveni rekomendacia iqneba Aamave muxlSi aisaxos<br />

warmod<strong>ge</strong>nili konvenciis me-11 muxlis me-2 punqtis moTxovna<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverpl bavSvTan mimarTebaSi, kerZod: `TiToeuli<br />

monawile gaatarebs zomebs, raTa uzrunvelyos, rom <strong>trefikingis</strong><br />

msxverpli bavSvis vinaoba an misi vianobis dasad<strong>ge</strong>nad saWiro<br />

monacemebi ar gaxdes sajarod cnobili sainformacio saSualebebiT<br />

an nebismieri sxva gziT, garda im gamonaklisi SemTxvevebisa,<br />

rodesac es saWiroa bavSvis ojaxis wevrebis dad<strong>ge</strong>nis an misi<br />

keTildReobis da dacvis sxvagvarad uzrunvelyofis mizniT. ~<br />

• aseve aucilebelia <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverpli bavSvisTvis, misi<br />

msxverplTa TavSesafarSi yofnis periodSi ganaTlebis<br />

xelmisawvdomobis uzrunvelyofa qarTuli kanonmdeblobiT,<br />

rogorc amas iTvaliswinebs winamdebare konvenciis me-12 muxlis<br />

pirveli punqtis F`f~ qvepunqti.<br />

• mizanSewonili iqneba moqmed `adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>)<br />

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonSi<br />

106

gaTvaliswinebul iqnas konvenciis me-14 muxlis me-2 punqtis<br />

moTxovna, kerZod: `<strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverpli bavSvis saxelze<br />

cxovrebis nebarTva gaicema, Tu es iuridiuli TvalsazrisiT<br />

aucilebelia da Tu amas moiTxovs bavSvis interesebi. saWiroebis<br />

SemTxvevaSi, amgvar nebarTvas SeiZleba vada gaugrZeldes imave<br />

pirobebebis dacviT.~<br />

• mizanSewonilad migvaCnia, `adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>)<br />

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-20 muxlSi<br />

(adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) msxverpl, dazaralebul<br />

ucxoelTa statusi da maTi repatriacia) detalurad gaiweros<br />

msxverplTa repatriaciisa da dabrunebis sakiTxebi <strong>trefikingis</strong><br />

msxverpl bavSvebTan mimarTebaSi, rogorc amas iTxovs<br />

warmod<strong>ge</strong>nili konvenciis me-16 muxlis me-5 da me-7 punqtebi, kerZod:<br />

punqti me-5. `TiToeuli monawile miiRebs iseT sakanonmdeblo an<br />

sxva zomebs, romlebic aucilebelia repatriaciis iseTi<br />

programebis ganxorcielebisaTvis, romlebic moicavs Sesabamis<br />

erovnul an saerTaSoriso institutebs da arasamTavrobo<br />

organizaciebs... bavSvebis SemTxvevaSi, es programebi iTvaliswinebs<br />

ganaTlebis uflebiTa da Sesabamisi samedicino daxmarebis<br />

uzrunvelyofas da zomebis gatarebas bavSvis ojaxSi an Sesabamis<br />

mzrunvelobiT dawesebulebaSi dabinavebis mizniT.~ punqti me-7<br />

`bavSvi msxvrpli ar iqneba dabrunebuli romelime saxelmwifoSi,<br />

Tu arsebobs monacemebi, rom am saxelmwifoSi bavSvis dabruneba ar<br />

aris mizaSewonili riskisa da usafrTxoebis faqtorebida<br />

gamomdinare.<br />

• `saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi 2006.w 25. 07<br />

ganxorcielebuli cvlilebebisa da damatebebis Tanaxmad<br />

iuridiuli piris mimarT SeiZleba ganxorcielebuli iqnes<br />

sasjelis Semdegi saxeebi: a) likvidacia; b) saqmianobis uflebis<br />

CamorTmeva; g) jarima; d) qonebis CamorTmeva. Tumca aRsaniSnavia is,<br />

rom winamdebare kovenciiT sasjelis erT-erT saxed dawesebulia<br />

saqmianobis droebiT daxurvas, anu saqmianobis droebiTi SeCereba:<br />

107

kerZod: konvenciis 23-e muxlis me-4 punqtis Tanaxmad: `TiToeuli<br />

monawile gaatarebs iseT sakanonmdeblo da sxva saxis zomebs,<br />

romlebic aucilebelia im dawesebulebis droebiT an samudamod<br />

daxurvis mizniTY, romelic gamoiyeneboda admianiT vaWrobis<br />

mizniT...~, Zalzed mniSvnelovania.<br />

• saerTaSoriso standartebi 59 gansakuTrebul yuradRebas uTmoben<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> mxverpl da dazaralebul <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong><br />

specialuri dacviTi zomebis uzrunvelyofas sasamarTlo procesis<br />

dros, rac moicavs CvenebaTa mxolod audio-video Canawerebis<br />

gamoyenebas, videokonferenciebs da a.S. saqarTvelos sisxlis<br />

samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 95-e muxlis Tanaxmad ÌÏßÌÄà ÀÒ<br />

ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀ ÃÀÊÉÈáÏÍ ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÉ – ÌÏÓÀ×ÉØÒÄÁÄËÉ<br />

ÅÀÃÉÓ ÂÀÍÌÀÅËÏÁÀÛÉ. Tumca sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi<br />

ar awesebs specialur regulaciebs <strong>trefikingis</strong> sisxlis<br />

samarTlis procesSi monawile arasrulwlovanis mimarT. 60<br />

sasurvelia es standartebi gaTvaliswinebul iqnas momaval<br />

sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsSi da SesaZlo specialur<br />

kanonSi “mowmisa da dazaralebulis dacvis Sesaxeb”, romlis<br />

miRebac saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis sistemis reformis<br />

koncefciiTaa gaTvaliswinebuli.<br />

• evropis sabWos wevri saxelmwifoebisadmi ministrTa komitetis<br />

rekomendacia # R (91)11 Seicavs zomebs, romelic dakavSirebulia<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> saSiSroebis Sesaxeb bavSvebisa da mozardebis<br />

informirebasa da ganaTlebasTan. saxelmwifoebma unda<br />

uzrunvelyon <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverpli, dazaralebuli Tu mowme<br />

59 REFERENCE GUIDE ON PROTECTING THE RIGHTS OF CHILD VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING IN<br />

EUROPE. UNICEF. 2006. http://www.unicef.org/ceecis/protection_4440.html<br />

60 am mxriv erTaderT gamonakliss warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns sssk-s 71-e muxlis me-5 punqti, romlis<br />

mixedviTac ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖËÓ ÛÄÖÞËÉÀ ÖÀÒÉ ÈØÅÀÓ ßÀÒÌÏÌÀÃÂÄÍÄËÆÄ, ÌÀÂÒÀÌ ÏÒÂÀÍÏÌ,<br />

ÒÏÌÄËÉÝ ÐÒÏÝÄÓÓ ÀßÀÒÌÏÄÁÓ, ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀ ÀÒ ÌÉÉÙÏÓ ÖÀÒÉ, ÈÖ ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖËÉ<br />

ÀÒÀÓÒÖËßËÏÅÀÍÉ, ØÌÄÃÖÖÍÀÒÏ ÀÍ ÛÄÆÙÖÃÖËØÌÄÃÖÍÀÒÉÀÍÉÀ, ãÀÍÌÒÈÄËÏÁÉÓ<br />

ÌÃÂÏÌÀÒÄÏÁÉÓ ÂÀÌÏ ÀÒ ÛÄÖÞËÉÀ ÃÀÉÝÅÀÓ ÈÀÅÉÓÉ ÉÍÔÄÒÄÓÄÁÉ ÀÍ ÓÀØÀÒÈÅÄËÏÓ ÓÉÓáËÉÓ<br />

ÓÀÌÀÒÈËÉÓ ÊÏÃÄØÓÉÓ 143 1 ÀÍ/ÃÀ 143 2 ÌÖáËÉÈ ÂÀÈÅÀËÉÓßÉÍÄÁÖË ÃÀÍÀÛÀÖËÛÉ<br />

ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖËÉÀ. (20.06.2006 N3310 ÂÀÌÏØÅÄÚÍÄÁÉÃÀÍ 1 ÈÅÉÓ ÛÄÌÃÄÂ)<br />

108

avSvebi dakiTxvis specialuri saSualebebiT, raTa<br />

SeZlebisdagvarad acilebul iqnes mosmenisa da calkeuli<br />

dapirispirebis ganmeoreba, da amitomac Semsubuqdes<br />

samarTalwarmoebis martamvirebeli Sede<strong>ge</strong>bi. ukanasknel wlebSi<br />

mravalma saxelmwifom ganaviTara am teqnikuri resursebis<br />

gamoyeneba samarTlebriv konteqstSi, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi<br />

mtkicebulebebis Cawerisa da msxverplTa dakiTxvisas<br />

gamosayenebeli proceduruli wesebis miRebiT da sasurvelia<br />

aRniSnuli rekomendaciebi aisaxos da ganxorcieldes saqarTvelos<br />

kanonmdeblobaSic.<br />

• adamianTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> modeluri kanonis Tanaxmad,<br />

romelic anti-trefikingul kanonmdeblobis Seqmnis standartad<br />

aris miCneuli 61 , arasrulwlovnis <strong>trefikingis</strong>aTvis gansazRvruli<br />

Tavisuflebis aRkveTis minimaluri vada 5 wliT unda aRematebodes<br />

srulwlovanTa <strong>trefikingis</strong> SemTxvevaSi dawesebul minimalur<br />

sasjels. damamZimebel garemoebaTa CamonaTvals ki unda daematos<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> trefikingi, Cadenili Tavad arasrulwlovnis<br />

zrunvaze pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>beli piris mier da am SemTxvevaSi sasjelis<br />

minimalur vadas unda daematos 3-dan 5 wlamde vada. saqarTvelos<br />

sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 1431 muxliT adamianTa<br />

(srulwlovanTa) <strong>trefikingis</strong>aTvis dawesebul sasjels Sead<strong>ge</strong>ns<br />

Tavisuflebis aRkveTa vadiT 7-dan 12 wlamde, e.i. minimaluri<br />

zRvari 7 welia. xolo sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 143 2 muxliT<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> <strong>trefikingis</strong>aTvis minimaluri sasjeli 8 wels<br />

Sead<strong>ge</strong>ns. vfiqrobT, kanonmdebelma unda ganixilos aRniSnuli<br />

saerTaSoriso standartiT SemoTavazebuli rekomendacia.<br />

• aseve mizanSewonilad migvaCnia `adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>)<br />

<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis Sesabamis<br />

normaSi, romelic iTvaliswinebs msxverplTa, mowmeTa da im pirTa<br />

61 Model Law to Combat Trafficking in Persons. Released by the Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in<br />

Persons. March 12, 2003<br />

109

dacvas, romlebic TanamSromloben samarTlebriv organoebTan<br />

calke iqnas gawerili evropuli konvenciis 28-e muxlis me-3 punqtis<br />

moTxovna msxverpl bavSvebTan mimarTebaSi.<br />

• `adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> <strong>brZolis</strong> Sesaxeb~<br />

saqarTvelos kanonSi da misgan gamomdinare kanonqvemdebare aqtebSi<br />

unda gaiweros <strong>trefikingis</strong> msxverpl bavSvTa identifikaciis<br />

meqanizmebis specifika, ramdenadac Tavad bavSvs gauWirdeba<br />

msxverplad TviTidentificireba. am mizniT aucilebelia<br />

profesionali fsiqolo<strong>ge</strong>bisa da samedicino personalis mier<br />

Sesabamisi testebis SemuSaveba.<br />

• erovnuli referaluri meqanizmSi unda gaimijnos <strong>trefikingis</strong><br />

msxverplis TavSesafarSi ganTavsebis wesi arasrulwlovani<br />

msxverplis SemTxvevaSi. dokumentis proeqtis Tanaxmad mas Semdeg,<br />

rac moxdeba identificireba, igi SeiZleba gadaiyvanon<br />

TavSesafarSi mxolod msxverplis survilis SemTxvevaSi.<br />

qmeduunaro arasrulwlovanma SesaZloa uari Tqvas TavSesafarSi<br />

gadayvanaze, rac SeiZleba e<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>ebodes mis saukeTeso<br />

interesebs. amitom unda gaiweros specifika, Tu ra asakidan aris<br />

misi Tanxmoba gasaTvaliswinebeli, misi kanonieri warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebis<br />

Tanxmoba, mobiluri jgufis da socialuri muSakis rekomendacia da<br />

a.S. aseve valdebuleba, moiZion umeTvalyureod darCenilis<br />

arasrulwlovani msxverplis kanonieri warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebi.<br />

• erovnuli referaluri meqanizmSi da ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÈ ÅÀàÒÏÁÉÓ<br />

(ÔÒÄ×ÉÊÉÍÂÉÓ) ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÈÀ, ÃÀÆÀÒÀËÄÁÖËÈÀ ÃÀÝÅÉÓÀ ÃÀ<br />

ÃÀáÌÀÒÄÁÉÓ ÓÀáÄËÌßÉ×Ï ×ÏÍÃÉÓ ÃÄÁÖËÄÁÀSi mkafiod unda<br />

ganisazRvros arasrulwlovani msxverplTan xelSekrulebis<br />

dadebis pirobebi TavSesafarSi ganTavsebasTan dakavSirebiT. aseve<br />

unda dakonkretdes arasrulwlovan msxverplTa da dazaralebulTa<br />

identifikaciis, maTTvis meurvisa da mzrunvelis daniSvnis<br />

110

meqanizmebi da TiToeuli SemTxvevis individualuri Sefasebis wesi<br />

da procedura gaeros bavSTa fondis standartis Sesabamisad 62 .<br />

• adamianiT vaWrobis (<strong>trefikingis</strong>) msxverplTa TavSesafris<br />

standartSi arajerovnad aris regulirebuli <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong>,<br />

gansakuTrebiT ki SezRuduli qmedunarianobis mqone (e.i. 7-dan 18<br />

wlamde) <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> ganTavsebis procedurebis specifika,<br />

TavSesafarSi maTi yofnisas aucilebeli pirobebis garantiebi<br />

(ganaTleba) da a.S.<br />

• TavSesafris funqcionirebis principebi, mowyobis wesisa da<br />

standartebis Tanaxmad TavSesafris datoveba SesaZlebelia<br />

nebayoflobiT msxverplis mier vadis amowurvamde. vfiqrobT, aq<br />

dasakonkretebelia arasrulwlovnis mier TavSesafris<br />

nebayoflobiT datovebis pirobebi, Tuki bavSvis interesebs<br />

e<strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>eba. aucilebelia am debulebas daematos bavSvis<br />

kanonieri warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebis Tanxmoba, iuristebisa da socialuri<br />

muSakis Sesabamisi dakvnisa da rekomendaciis aucilebloba.<br />

• TavSesafris funqcionirebis principebi, mowyobis wesisa da<br />

standartebis Tanaxmad TavSesafari ufasod uzrunvelyofs<br />

msxverpls miiRos saTanado informacia profesiuli swavlebisa da<br />

saganmanaTleblo programebis Sesaxeb. vfiqrobT, aucilebelia<br />

uzrunvelyofil iqnas TavSesafarSi moTavsebul <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong><br />

ganaTleba da aramarto saTanado informaciis miReba<br />

saganmanaTleblo programebis Sesaxeb. unda iyos gaTvaliswinebuli<br />

mowveuli pedago<strong>ge</strong>bis mier gakveTilebis Catareba ZiriTad<br />

disciplinebSi.<br />

• bavSvis uflebaTa konvenciisa da bavSviT vaWrobis, bavSvTa<br />

prostituciisa da bavSvTa pornografiis Sesaxeb misi fakultaturi<br />

62 UNICEF GUIDELINES FOR PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF CHILD VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING.<br />

Updated edition of April 2005.<br />

111

oqmis, turizmis msoflio organizaciis kodeqsisa da saqarTvelos<br />

mier ratificirebuli sxva savaldebulo Zalis mqone standartebis<br />

Tanaxmad aucilebelia umkacresi sakanonmdeblo zomebis gatareba<br />

bavSvTa seqs turizmis aRkveTis mizniT. am mxriv gansakuTrebuli<br />

roli unda mieniWos saxelnwifo da kerZo seqtorebis<br />

korporaciul pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobas. sasurvelia turizmis industriaSi<br />

CarTulma organizaciebma SeimuSaon Sesabamisi qcevis kodeqsebi.<br />

unda dawesdes Sesabamisi regulaciebi klientebTan kontraqtebis<br />

gaformebisas bavSvTa <strong>trefikingis</strong>, seqs turizmis da komerciuli<br />

seqsualuri eqspluataciis sxva saxeebis prevenciis mizniT.<br />

• sapasporto da savizo wesebis maregulirebel sakanonmdeblo<br />

aqtebSi sasurvelia gaTvaliswinebul iqnas 5 wlis asakidan<br />

bavSvebisaTvis pasportebis gacemis SesaZlebloba, aseve bavSvebze<br />

gacemul mebismieri saxis samgzavro dokumentSi sasurvelia<br />

aisaxos maTi biometrikuli monacemebic, rac xels Seuwyobs<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> <strong>trefikingis</strong> riskis Semcirebas.<br />

• Tanmxlebis gareSe myofi arasrulwlovnis mogzaurobis<br />

SemTxvevaSi, sasurvelia Sesabamisi YRonisZiebebis gatareba<br />

samarTlebrivi regulaciebis CaTvliT, raTa mgzavrTa gadamyvani<br />

satransporto saSualebebis operatorebma uzrunvelyon<br />

<strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> pasportebisa da sxva samgzavro dokumentebis<br />

saimedod Senaxva mogzaurobis dasrulebamde da saWiroebis<br />

SemTxvevaSi am dokumentebis Sesabamis saemigracio punqtebSi<br />

ward<strong>ge</strong>namde. saemigracio samsaxurebma, Tavis mxriv, unda<br />

uzrunvelyon Tanmxlebis gareSe myofi arasrulwlovnebis<br />

daxvedra da maTi daxmareba sabaJo da sapasporto sakontrolo<br />

punqtebis gadakveTisas saWiro procedurebis gavlisas. imave<br />

samsaxurebma aseve unda uzrunvelyon arasrulwlovnis gadacema<br />

mis damxvedr pirebTan am ukanasknelTa mier bavSvze kanonieri<br />

warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlobis damadasturebeli sabuTebis ward<strong>ge</strong>nis Semdeg.<br />

miTiTebuli pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>beli pirebis mier dakisrebuli movaleobis<br />

Seusruleblobis SemTxvevaSi unda dawesdes Sesabamisi sanqciebi.<br />

112

• sasurvelia saukeTeso saerTaSoriso praqtikis gaTvaliswinebiT<br />

SemoRebul iqnas <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> <strong>trefikingis</strong> sakiTxebze<br />

damoukidebeli erovnuli momxseneblis instituti, romelic<br />

monitorings gauwevs <strong>arasrulwlovanTa</strong> <strong>trefikingis</strong> <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong><br />

<strong>brZolis</strong> sferoSi saxelmwifos mier aRebuli valdebulebebis<br />

Sesrulebas da periodul angariS<strong>ge</strong>bas moaxdens xelisuflebisa da<br />

sazogadoebis winaSe.<br />

• mizanSewonilia moxdes ‘kiber-danaSaulis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>” evropis<br />

sabWos konvenciis (budapeSti. 23.XI.2001) xelmowera da ratifikacia<br />

da internetSi bavSvTa pornografiis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong> konvenciiT<br />

dawesebuli normebis implementacias saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi.<br />

• 2007 wlis 11 ianvars evropis sabWom gamoaqveyna “seqsualuri<br />

eqspluataciisagan bavSvTa dacvis Sesaxeb” konvenciis proeqti 63 ,<br />

romelic bevr axal normas awesebs bavSvTa prostituciis,<br />

pornografiis, seqs-turizmis, seqsualuri Seuracyofis <strong>winaaRmdeg</strong>,<br />

<strong>trefikingis</strong> prevenciis TvalsazrisiT. aseve moicavs sakanonmdeblo<br />

RonisZiebaTa farTo speqtrs bavSvTa mimarT Cadenili amgvari<br />

danaSaulebis gamoZiebis, sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnisa da<br />

kriminalizaciis, saxelmwifoTa TanamSromlobisa da teqnikuri<br />

daxmarebis, iurisdiqciebis gansazRvris, msxverpl bavSvTa<br />

reintegraciisa da resocializaciis mizniT. sasurvelia aRniSnuli<br />

konvenciis proeqtiT SemoTavazebuli debulebebTan saqarTvelos<br />

kanonmdeblobis drouli harmonizacia.<br />

63 PC-ES. http://www.coe.int/childprotection<br />

113

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