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sara makrami da lot hiu<br />

<strong>bavSvisagan</strong><br />

<strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

Jurnalistebisa da sxva dainteresebuli pirebisaTvis

sara makrami da lot hiu<br />

<strong>bavSvisagan</strong><br />

<strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

Jurnalistebisa da sxva dainteresebuli<br />

pirebisaTvis<br />

meore, ganaxlebuli gamocema<br />

2011

© organizacia “gadavarCinoT bavSvebi”, 1998 wlis gamocema.<br />

© gaeros bavSvTa fondi, qarTuli Targmani, 1998 weli.<br />

publikaciaSi gamoxatuli mosazrebani sruliad araa aucilebeli<br />

asaxavdes gaeros bavSvTa fondis oficialur Tvalsazriss.<br />

marti, 2011 weli

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

sarCevi<br />

Sesavali .................................................................................................4<br />

<strong>intervius</strong> da<strong>ge</strong>gmva ..........................................................................13<br />

interviu ..............................................................................................22<br />

<strong>intervius</strong> dasruleba .....................................................................40<br />

<strong>intervius</strong> Semdeg ..............................................................................44<br />

bavSvebis mimarT pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bloba ..............................................46<br />

damatebiTi literatura ................................................................48<br />

gaeros bavSvis uflebaTa konvencia ...........................................49<br />

presis muSakTa profesiuli kodeqsi .........................................55<br />

3

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

Sesavali meore gamocemisaTvis<br />

„sabavSvo Jurnalebi ufrosebis dawerilia da<br />

savsea sisuleleebiT“.<br />

„ggoniaT, ar viciT, raze vlaparakobT, Zalian<br />

kargadac viciT. visgan aRar iReben <strong>intervius</strong>,<br />

Cven ki aravin arafers gvekiTxeba“.<br />

Cveni bukleti, firTan erTad, bavSvebTan momuSave Jurnalistebis<br />

dasaxmareblad gamoica, pirvelad 1994 wels. magram<br />

igi gamoad<strong>ge</strong>ba yvelas, - socmuSaks, maswavlebels, mwerals<br />

- visac <strong>bavSvisagan</strong> <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong> surs. meore gamocemaSi<br />

Cven meti adgili davuTmeT eTikis, konfidencialobis<br />

da fotografebTan muSaobis sakiTxebs.<br />

bavSvebze saubrisas mxedvelobaSi gvyavs axalgazrdebic,<br />

Tumca maT xSirad ar vaxsenebT. amgvarad, „bavSvze“ an „bavSvebze“<br />

saubrisas vgulisxmobT 18 welze naklebi asakis yvela<br />

adamians. „Tineijers“ urCevnia uwodoT axalgazrda da<br />

ara bavSvi.<br />

masmedia bevr rames gva<strong>ge</strong>binebs bavSvebis Sesaxeb. Jurnalists<br />

SeuZlia bavSvis Sesaxeb codna gagviRrmaos da mis<br />

Sinagan samyaroSi Cawvdoma gagviadvilos. amave dros Jurnalists<br />

didi pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bloba akisria: man bavSvi realisturad<br />

da yovelgvari crurwmenis gareSe unda warmoaCinos.<br />

TavisTavad cxadia, rom Jurnalistis muSaoba da misi produqciis<br />

raoba damkveTis survilze, siuJetze, vadebsa da TviT<br />

Jurnalistis individualobis Taviseburebazea damokidebuli.<br />

ucnauri ar aris, rom Jurnalists kargi siuJeti ufro<br />

ainteresebs, vidre bavSvis saWiroebani. es yvelaferi gvesmis,<br />

magram vimedovnebT, rom Jurnalistebi mogvismenen da<br />

SeZlebisdagvarad gaiTvaliswineben Cvens rCevebs.<br />

4

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

Jurnalisti mudam raRac axlis, uCveulosa da sakvirvelis<br />

ZiebaSia. gvendeT, yovelive amas bavSvebTan saubrisas aRmoaCenT.<br />

gamocdilebam gviCvena, rom Tu dros gamonaxavT da<br />

bavSvebs yuradRebiT mousmenT, maT mier moTxrobili ambavi<br />

ueWvelad gagaocebT. bavSvebs samyaros absoluturad sxvagvari,<br />

ufro cocxali xedva aqvT. marTalia, maTi alaparakeba<br />

arc ise ioli saqmea, magram Zalisxmeva namdvilad dagifasdebaT.<br />

es bukleti da<strong>ge</strong>xmarebaT bavSvebTan komunikaciis<br />

damyarebaSi.<br />

rodesac bavSvs saSualebas aZlevT gamoTqvas Tavisi mosazreba,<br />

mas sakuTari Tavis rwmena da pativiscema ganumtkicdeba.<br />

marTalia, Tu bavSvebs yuradRebiT movusmenT da masmediis<br />

saSualebebs nawilobriv mainc maT davuTmobT, Cvens<br />

Zalauflebaze garkveulwilad uaris Tqma mogviwevs. mozrdil<br />

adamianebs CveviaT bavSvebis xmis CaxSoba. nebismier Zalauflebas<br />

gawonasworebisaTvis sapirwone sWirdeba. amas­<br />

Tan dakavSirebiT unda vacnobierebdeT, rom azris Tavisuflad<br />

gamoxatva uZlieresi demokratiuli aqtia, xolo adamianis<br />

saubris mosmeniT mis mimarT pativiscemis gamoxatva<br />

SegviZlia.<br />

pirvel gamocemaSi gamoyenebuli iyo barbadosis, kanadis,<br />

egviptis, inglisis, israelis, namibiis, CrdiloeTi irlandiis,<br />

palestinisa da rumineTis bavSvebis monawileobiT Catarebuli<br />

kvleva, firze aRbeWdili iyo maTTan interviu,<br />

romelic bukletSi iyo citirebuli. amjerad vsar<strong>ge</strong>blobT<br />

“Save The Children”-is mier dafinansebuli organizaciebis -<br />

niukaslis biuros „bavSvTa eqspresisa“ da „bavSvebis axali<br />

ambebis saa<strong>ge</strong>ntos“ masalebiT. bavSvebi gviziareben mosazrebebs<br />

masmediis Sesaxeb - ras elian misgan, rogor unda aiRos<br />

Jurnalistma maTgan interviu.<br />

5

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

risTvis aris saWiro es bukleti?<br />

Tumca gazeTebSi, Jurnalebsa da televizorSi bavSvebs xSirad<br />

warmoaCenen da bevrsac saubroben maTze, magram maTi<br />

azrebis ucvlelad dafiqsireba TiTqmis ar xdeba. ufro xSirad<br />

Cven vismenT imas, Tu ras fiqroben ufrosebi bavSvebze<br />

da ara imas, Tu ras fiqroben TviTon bavSvebi sakuTar Tavze.<br />

zogjer aRSfoTebas iwvevs masmediis saSualebebis mier adamianuri<br />

tra<strong>ge</strong>diebis an stiqiuri ubedurebebis warmoCenis<br />

stili. gvzaravs suraTebi: bavSvi - omis msxverpli, bavSvi da<br />

siRaribe, bavSvi da eqspluatacia. ras vxedavT? - bavSvebis<br />

usityvo ubedurebas. viciT, ras fiqroben isini? am kuTxiT<br />

siuJeti iSviaTad Suqdeba. araerTxel gagvigia bavSvebisagan,<br />

rom umZimes mdgomareobaSic ki maT SenarCunebuli aqvT<br />

samyaros sakuTari xedva, grZnobebi, Rirseba da siamaye. bavSvebs<br />

ar surT sacodavebi Candnen, amgvarad warmoCena Seuracxyofs<br />

maT, akninebs maT unars, saRad aRiqvan arsebuli<br />

mdgomareoba. gana Cven igives ar vigrZnobdiT am bavSvebis<br />

adgilas?<br />

Jurnalistebis gakritikeba ioli saqmea, sirTuleebis daZlevad<br />

praqtikuli gzis povna da am gamocdilebis sxvisTvis<br />

gaziareba ki - Zneli.<br />

yvelaze ioli gza <strong>bavSvisagan</strong> <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong>a. Tu iseT saki­<br />

Txze muSaobT, romelic uSualod bavSvs exeba, nu dakmayofildebiT<br />

mxolod ufrosTan saubriT, esaubreT TviTon<br />

bavSvs. bavSvebi kacobriobis naxevars Sead<strong>ge</strong>nen da, gverwmuneT,<br />

maT ician, ra xdeba qveyanaze. mozrdili adamiani araerTxel<br />

gauocebia bavSvis codnas, mis SeSfoTebas ama Tu im<br />

viTarebis gamo.<br />

bavSvebTan muSaoba Znel, sulac saxifaTo saqmed iTvleba.<br />

xSirad uTqvamT: nurc bavSvebTan imuSavebT da nurc cxovelebTan.<br />

Tu Tqven odesme gicdiaT <strong>bavSvisagan</strong> <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong>,<br />

is ki „damunjda“ da mtruli ganwyoba an damcinavi Rimili<br />

Semoga<strong>ge</strong>baT, uTuod gaiziarebT am azrs. bukletis mizania<br />

6

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

giCvenoT, rogor SeiZleba <strong>bavSvisagan</strong> <strong>intervius</strong> warmatebiT<br />

<strong>aReba</strong>, Tu winaswar moemzadebiT da ecdebiT bavSvs gaugoT.<br />

bavSvebTan muSaoba saocari gamocdilebaa, romelic STagagonebT<br />

da imediT agavsebT. Cveni mizania giCvenoT bavSvebTan<br />

warmatebiT muSaobis gza.<br />

amosavali wertili:<br />

• mousmineT bavSvebs, romlebic radios an televiziis<br />

axal ambebSi gamodian.<br />

• daufiqrdiT, rogor iyeneben maT. scadeT gamoicnoT, ras<br />

fiqroben an ras grZnoben isini.<br />

• gaiTvaliswineT, rom erTia, rodesac bavSvebis Sesaxeb<br />

ufrosebi saubroben da sul sxvaa, rodesac bavSvebi sakuTar<br />

Tavze TviTon laparakoben.<br />

ras avaridoT Tavi<br />

masmedias axasiaTebs bavSvebis mosalodnel, Cveul konteqstSi<br />

warmoCena. ufrosebs bavSvebTan dakavSirebuli ramdenime<br />

stereotipi aqvT, romliTac xSirad iwoneben Tavs<br />

da problemebsac am stereotipebiT arideben Tavs. marTalia,<br />

zogi stereotipi drodadro misaRebia, magram maTi<br />

sistematuri gamoyeneba bavSvebis Sesaxeb araadekvaturi<br />

warmod<strong>ge</strong>nis Camoyalibebas iwvevs. stereotipi advilad<br />

gvamaxsovrdeba da misi mocileba ioli ar aris.<br />

bavSvebma araerTxel SemogvCivles, rom maT telexatebs maT­<br />

Tan araferi aqvT saerTo. xSirad uTqvamT, rom mSoblebi<br />

bavSvebis Sesaxeb momzadebul satelevizio gadacemebs ufro<br />

ugdeben yurs, vidre sakuTar Svilebs. bavSvebs ki guli wydebaT!<br />

<strong>ge</strong>cnobaT es stereotipi? - bavSvi, erTi mxriv, an<strong>ge</strong>lozia,<br />

miamiti, wamebuli suli, meore mxriv, sastiki, avi, utifari,<br />

7

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

abezari, SfoTisTavi, samarTaldamrRvevi. sityva „axalgazrda“<br />

ufro xSirad uaryofiT konteqstSi gamoiyeneba da ubedurebis<br />

sinonimi gaxda. Savkaniani axalagazrdebi aRSfoTebuli<br />

arian, rom maT mxolod uaryofiT konteqstSi aCveneben.<br />

arc unarSezRudul bavSvebs moswonT, maT sacodavebad<br />

an gonjebad rom warmosaxaven, siuJeti ki yovelTvis „tra<strong>ge</strong>diaze<br />

gamarjvebiT“ sruldeba.<br />

Cven davinteresdiT, ras fiqrobdnen bavSvebi masmediis siu­<br />

Jetebze. ai, rogori iyo maTi pasuxi:<br />

bavSvebs ar moswonT<br />

• rodesac maTi seriozuli komentari mediaSi ufrosebis<br />

gasarTob xumrobad gaiJRerebs. rac ufrosisTvis sasaciloa,<br />

bavSvisTvis SeiZleba tra<strong>ge</strong>dia iyos.<br />

• rodesac „sayvareli“ bavSvis xati masalis mimzidvelobis<br />

gasaZliereblad gamoiyeneba.<br />

• rodesac foto Tu videomasala bavSvs damTrgunvel<br />

situaciaSi gviCvenebs im erTaderTi mizniT, rom mkiTxvels<br />

Tvalze cremli moad<strong>ge</strong>s, imis magivrad, rom bavSvis<br />

mimarT pativiscemis grZnoba gaaRvivos, an bavSvs aRuZras<br />

Tavisi Tavis mimarT pativiscemis grZnoba.<br />

• rodesac bavSvebis mimarT mfarvelobiT an familarul<br />

damokidebulebas amJRavneben.<br />

• rodesac ufrosebi iseT sakiTxebze saubroben, romlebic<br />

bavSvebs ukeTesad esmiT.<br />

• rodesac bavSvebs aiZulebebn cirkis cxovelebiviT iTamaSon.<br />

• rodesac ufrosebi bavSvis sisusteebiT trabaxoben.<br />

• rodesac bavSvebs dazepirebul frazebs aTqmevineben an<br />

laparaks awyvetineben.<br />

8

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

• rodesac maT pasiur arsebebad saxaven, maSin, roca es ase<br />

ar aris.<br />

• rodesac yvela axalgazrda erT problemur jgufad, „axalgazrdobad”<br />

aRiqmeba.<br />

ra surT bavSvebs?<br />

bavSvebs surT, rom maT pativiscemiTa da ga<strong>ge</strong>biT ekidebodnen.<br />

radgan isini jer kidev patarebi arian, xSirad gansakuTrebuli<br />

daxmareba da dacva sWirdebaT. magram isini adamianTa<br />

gansxvavebul saxeobas ar ganekuTvnebian, amitom maT<br />

iseTive reaqciebi aqvT, rogoric Cven - ufrosebs.<br />

- warmoidgineT Tqveni Tavi maT adgilas da sakuTar Tavs<br />

kiTxeT: rogor gsurT, rom mo<strong>ge</strong>pyron?<br />

bavSvebs surT, rom Tqven<br />

• saSualeba misceT sakuTar Tavze ufrosebis Carevis gareSe<br />

isaubron.<br />

• maT ise moepyroT, rogorc toli tols, anu ise, rogorc<br />

sxva nebismier adamians.<br />

• kiTxoT, ras fiqroben isini im publikaciebze, romlebic<br />

masmediaSi Cndeba.<br />

• misceT saSualeba Tavisuflad esaubron bavSvebs da<br />

ufrosebs.<br />

• moepyroT rogorc pirovnebebs, romelTac sakuTari<br />

azri, mowodeba da wuxili aqvT.<br />

• daafasoT maTi gamocdileba. mcire asakis miuxedavad maT<br />

cxovrebaze bevri ram ician.<br />

• neba misceT iyvnen iseTebi, rogorebic arian da ara iseTebi,<br />

rogorebic sxvebs surT iyvnen.<br />

• seriozulad aRiqvaT maTi Sexedulebebi.<br />

9

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

rogor movusminoT bavSvebs<br />

<strong>intervius</strong> umTavresi elementi mosmenaa, mosmena da ara<br />

gagoneba. yuri daugdeT, ras amboben, ras fiqroben bavSvebi.<br />

bavSvs saintereso saTqmeli SeiZleba hqondes, magram<br />

Tu msmeneli ar hyavs, kedels xom ar elaparakeba? bavSvebs<br />

msmeneli sWirdebaT, amitom Tu Tvlian, rom Tqven maT ar usmenT,<br />

arc arafers mogiTxroben. rac ufro yuradRebiT usmenT,<br />

miT ufro warmatebiT SeZlebT maTTan muSaobas.<br />

iciT, ramdenjer uTqvams bavSvs: „pirvelad aris, rom viRacas<br />

Cemi azri ainteresebs.“ ai, kidev erTi citata, aTi wlis<br />

Crdiloirlandieli Wkviani biWunas saubridan: „aravisTvis<br />

miTqvams, ras vfiqrob belfastSi brZolebis Sesaxeb. Cemi azriT,<br />

es cudia, magram bavSvs yurs vin daugdebs.” ratom aravin<br />

misca mas Tavisi azris gamoxatvis SesaZlebloba?<br />

sakuTar Tavs SeekiTxeT<br />

• kargi msmeneli xarT? <strong>intervius</strong> aRebis dros ra ufro<br />

gainteresebT - respodentebi ras <strong>ge</strong>tyvian, Tu Tqven ra<br />

SekiTxvas dausvamT da ra reaqcia <strong>ge</strong>qnebaT?<br />

• yuris gdeba giyvarT, Tu saubris Sewyvetineba met siamovnebas<br />

ganiWebT?<br />

• bavSvebTan yofna gsiamovnebT?<br />

• SegiZliaT seriozulad moekidoT bavSvs, mis Sexedulebebs<br />

da grZnobebs?<br />

• SegiZliaT SeekiTxoT bavSvebs, raime sxva saqmis keTeba<br />

xom ar urCevniaT?<br />

• SegiZliaT SeSfoTebis gareSe aRiaroT, rom bavSvebma ra­<br />

Rac Tqvenze meti ician?<br />

• SegiZliaT aRiaroT, rom Tqveni winaswar SemuSavebuli<br />

10

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

Sexeduleba bavSvTan saubris Semdeg SeiZleba Tavdayira<br />

dad<strong>ge</strong>s?<br />

Tu Tqven darwmunebuli ar xarT Tqvens SesaZleblobebSi,<br />

gaixseneT bavSvoba. seriozulad aRgiqvamdnen ufrosebi?<br />

ra SegrZneba gqondaT, rodesac seriozulad gismendnen?<br />

ufrosebis garemocvaSi rodis grZnobdiT Tavs Tavisuflad?<br />

Tavidanve SeafaseT Tqveni Zlieri da susti mxareebi,<br />

romelTac bavSvebTan Tqvens urTierTobaze seriozuli gavlenis<br />

moxdena SeuZlia da romelTac isini umalve grZnoben.<br />

ratom unda aviRoT interviu bavSvebisagan?<br />

• bavSvebs gulis gadmoSla surT.<br />

• bavSvebs SeuZliaT saintereso da axali informaciiT mogamaragon.<br />

• bavSvebs mozrdili adamianebisagan gansxvavebuli xedva<br />

aqvT.<br />

• iseTi Temebi, rogoricaa ganaTleba, TamaSi, agresiuli<br />

urTierTdamokidebulebani, bavSvebisaTvis ufro mniSvnelovania,<br />

vidre ufrosebisTvis. amitom Jurnalistebi<br />

unda dainteresdnen, ras fiqroben am Temebze bavSvebi.<br />

• bavSvebis mosmena aumjobesebs bavSvebsa da ufrosebs<br />

Soris urTierTga<strong>ge</strong>bas da amcirebs TaobaTa Soris<br />

ufskruls. Zalian xSirad ufrosebi da axalgazrdebi<br />

imiT tanjaven erTmaneTs, rom ar saubroben.<br />

• saubari, mosmena TviTrwmenas uZlierebs bavSvebs da xels<br />

uwyobs maT pirovnebad Camoyalibebas.<br />

• mediis momxmarebelTa Soris bavSvebic arian. maT ainteresebT,<br />

ras amboben da grZnoben maTi Tanatolebi.<br />

11

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

publikaciebSi bavSvebis warmoCeniT Jurnalistebs Seu­<br />

ZliaT TavianTi auditoria gaafarToon.<br />

• bavSvebs aqvT ufleba, rom maT mousminon, maTi azri gaiTvaliswinon,<br />

rom masmediaSi gamoxaton sakuTari mosazrebebi.<br />

yvela es principi gaeros bavSvis uflebaTa konvenciis<br />

ganuyofel nawils warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns.<br />

• gverwmuneT, bavSvebisagan bevr rames iswavliT.<br />

12

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

<strong>intervius</strong> da<strong>ge</strong>gmva<br />

„ufrosebi fiqroben, rom politikasa da msgavs<br />

sakiTxebSi Cven araferi gagve<strong>ge</strong>ba. Tu raRacis<br />

Tqmas daapireb, maSinve gaCereben - „kargi ra,<br />

Cumad iyavi, Sen ra ici!“<br />

sanam <strong>intervius</strong> aiRebT, moemzadeT. nu waxvalT interviuze<br />

winaswar Camoyalibebuli azriT, nu fiqrobT: „amas amdeni<br />

dro dasWirdeba.“ dros nu SemofarglavT.<br />

Tu gaqvT SesaZlebloba, winaswar moikvlieT informacia<br />

bavSvis Sesaxeb; maT ar uyvarT stumari, romelic uazro<br />

SekiTxvebs svams. Tu mozrdili adamianisgan <strong>intervius</strong><br />

aRebis win kvlevas atarebT, igive meTodi bavSvTan urTier­<br />

Tobisas ratom ar unda gamoiyenoT?<br />

bavSvebisgan konsultaciis miReba<br />

bavSvebsac miaRebineT monawileoba statiis an satelevizio<br />

gadacemis momzadebaSi, kvlevis an dakvirvebis CatarebaSi.<br />

isini da<strong>ge</strong>xmarebian gaigoT, ra sakiTxebia maTTvis yvelaze<br />

mniSvnelovani, ra kategoriis bavSvebTan kontaqtis damyareba<br />

gijobT saqmisaTvis, sad SeiZleba aseTi bavSvebis povna, ra<br />

dros da sxv. es xom is meTodia, romliTac mozrdil adamianebTan<br />

muSaobisas sar<strong>ge</strong>blobT, magram roca saqme bavSvebs<br />

exebaT, maT Sesaxeb azrs ratomRac mozrdilebs ekiTxebiT.<br />

sakiTxis SerCeva<br />

bavSvebs marto estrada, moda, TamaSi da garToba ar ainteresebT.<br />

gaocdebiT maTi interesebis sifarToviT da siR­<br />

13

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

rmiT. ufrosebis msgavsad, bavSvebi iseT sakiTxebze saubroben<br />

kargad, romelic maT ainteresebT. amitom Tqveni <strong>ge</strong>gmebi<br />

bavSvis interess unda SeusabamoT.<br />

vis vesaubroT, calkeul bavSvs Tu jgufs?<br />

Tu bavSvis konkretul gamocdilebaze saubari ar gsurT,<br />

umjobesia bavSvebs jgufurad esaubroT. bavSvebi imdenad<br />

miCveuli arian ufrosebis kontrols, imis keTebas, rasac<br />

ufrosebi karnaxoben, rom TqvenTan gancalkevebiT saubrisas<br />

bavSvi SeiZleba dafrTxes, radgan ar icis, ra unda ucxo<br />

adamians misgan. mas didi dro sWirdeba, rom damSviddes da<br />

guli gadagixsnaT. megobrebisa Tu Tanaklaselebis garemocvaSi<br />

bavSvi Tavs ufro Tavisuflad grZnobs. Tu Tamam<br />

mosaubres cotaTi SezRudavT, morcxvi bavSvebi ufro advilad<br />

isaubreben, erTmaneTs waaqezeben, Tqvens saqmes Tvi­<br />

Ton gaakeTeben.<br />

gamarTlebulad gvesaxeba oTxi-eqvsi bavSvisgan Semdgar<br />

jgufTan muSaoba. Tu bavSvebis raodenoba metia, yvelas ar<br />

eqneba laparakis saSualeba, an gagiWirdebaT imisaTvis Tvalis<br />

midevneba, vin ra Tqva, miTumetes, Tu ramdenime bavSvi<br />

erTad laparakobs.<br />

gaiTvaliswineT bavSvebis asaki. umcrosi asakis bavSvebi ver<br />

gabedaven ufrosi asakis bavSvebis TandaswrebiT laparaks.<br />

amitom, Tu amis saSualeba aris, umjobesia jgufSi metnaklebad<br />

erTi asakis bavSvebi, zogjer ki erTi sqesis bavSvebi<br />

iyvnen.<br />

zogi bavSvi mxolod im SemTxvevaSi gaixsneba, Tu calke daelaparakebiT,<br />

radgan mas an vinmesi eSinia, an ar endoba sxva<br />

bavSvebsa da ufrosebs. kiTxeT maT, ra surT, SeuqmeniT maT­<br />

Tvis sasurveli garemo. garda amisa, unda gaiTvaliswinoT<br />

sxva momentebic, raTa bavSvebma Tavi SeboWilad ar igrZnon.<br />

magaliTad, inglisSi bavSvebs afrTxileben, ucxos ar dae­<br />

14

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

laparakon. maT SeiZleba oTaxSi TqvenTan erTad Caketva ar<br />

moindomon. frTxilad iyaviT, Tqveni qceva arasworad ar<br />

gaigon (ixileT - bavSvebTan muSaobis eTika da sivrcis Ser­<br />

Ceva.)<br />

rogor SevarCioT bavSvebi?<br />

yvela bavSvs aqvs ufleba Tavisi azri xmamaRla gamoxatos.<br />

magram masmediaSi, rogorc wesi, an priviligirebul, zeni­<br />

Wier, an arapriviligirebul, tanjul bavSvebze saubroben.<br />

aseTi calmxrioba moralurad gaumarTlebelia da praqtikuladac<br />

wam<strong>ge</strong>biania, radgan yvelaze SesaniSnav da araordinarul<br />

masalas swored Cveulebrivi bavSvebi mogawvdian.<br />

SeZlebisdagvarad daicaviT Tanafardoba gogonebsa da bi­<br />

Webs, TeTr da Savkanian (an sxvadasxva eTnikuri warmomavlobis),<br />

unarSezRudul da janmrTel, sxvadasxva klasisa<br />

da kastis bavSvebs Soris (amgvar SepirispirebaTa CamoTvla<br />

usasrulod SeiZleba gagrZeldes). TavisTavad cxadia, rom<br />

romelime konkretul ubanSi, sadac Tqven dakvirvebas atarebT,<br />

bavSvTa yvela kategoria ver iqneba warmod<strong>ge</strong>nili.<br />

es midgoma politikuri motivebiT ki ar aris nakarnaxevi,<br />

aramed imis gacnobierebiT, rom Tu romelime kategoria<br />

gamogrCebaT, amis gamo SeiZleba saintereso siuJetic dakargoT.<br />

xolo Tu Sereul jgufs SeqmniT, saubari cocxlad<br />

warimarTeba da bavSvebs Soris kamaTi mraval erTmaneTisgan<br />

gansxvavebul azrs warmoSobs. aucileblad gaiTvaliswineT<br />

bavSvebis asaki. umcrosi asakis bavSvebsac aqvT saintereso<br />

ambavi mosayoli, magram maT meti dro sWirdebaT azris Camosayalibeblad.<br />

moTmineba iqonieT 10 wlamde asakis bavSvebTan<br />

muSaobisas.<br />

Tu erTi konkretuli ambis an movlenis gaSuqeba gsurT, is<br />

bavSvebi monaxeT, romlebic am movlenis uSualo monawileni<br />

iyvnen.<br />

15

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

sad vipovoT isini?<br />

mimarTeT axalgazrdebis raionuli klubebs, religiur<br />

wreebs, bavSvTa centrebs, arasamTavrobo organizaciebs.<br />

esaubreT adgilobriv korespondentebs, mSoblebs, maswavleblebs<br />

da axalgazrdebTan momuSave sxva adamianebs. skola<br />

erT-erTi is adgilia, sadac bavSvebs SegiZliaT esaubroT,<br />

magram arc skolis moswavleTa gamomwvevi qceva gagikvirdeT.<br />

tradiciebis gaTvaliswineba<br />

aramarto bavSvebTan, aramed mSoblebTan, skolasTan da sxva<br />

organizaciebTan urTierTobisas unda gaiTvaliswinoT adgilobrivi<br />

kulturuli tradiciebi da wesebi. bevr qveyanaSi<br />

<strong>bavSvisagan</strong> <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong>mde oficialuri nebarTvis<br />

<strong>aReba</strong> dagWirdebaT mSoblebis, skolis da ganaTlebis saministrosganac<br />

ki. sanam saqmes Seud<strong>ge</strong>bodeT, gaarkvieT es<br />

sakiTxi. nu CaTvliT, rom SegiZliaT quCaSi Semxvedri bavSvi<br />

gaaCeroT da misgan interviu aiRoT.<br />

nebarTvis <strong>aReba</strong><br />

vidre <strong>intervius</strong> aiRebdeT, unda gaiTvaliswinoT konfidencialobis<br />

dacvis sakiTxebi, bavSvis nebasurvili da uflebebi,<br />

aseve mSoblis an meurvis moTxovnebi. prioriteti eniWeba<br />

bavSvis nebas da mis interesebs, radgan bavSvebs azris gamoTqmis<br />

ufleba aqvT, xolo ufrosebs maTi gaCumebis ufleba<br />

- ara.<br />

es sakiTxi gansakuTrebiT mwvaved maSin d<strong>ge</strong>ba, rodesac saxelmwifos<br />

meurveobis qveS myof mcirewlovan bavSvebTan<br />

gvsurs saubari. aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac bavSvebi quCaSi<br />

cxovroben, magram oficialurad mainc saxelmwifos meurveobis<br />

qveS myofebad iTvlebian. xelmZRvanelobas SeuZlia<br />

16

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

maTTan saubris ufleba ar mogceT, iseve rogorc arasrulwlovan<br />

patimrebTan an jariskacebTan saubris ufleba. gaer­<br />

Tianebuli samefos kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, 18 welze naklebi<br />

asakis axalgazrdas rom esaubroT, nebarTva adgilobrivi<br />

xelisuflebisagan unda miiRoT. penitencialur dawesebulebaSi<br />

myof 16 welze naklebi asakis axalgazrdebTan<br />

saubrisaTvis ki nebarTvas mSoblis an meurvisagan iRebT.<br />

magram Cven mainc girCevT bavSvs kiTxoT, ra surs. unda Tqven­<br />

Tan saubari? winaaRmdegi xom ar iqneba, rom misi sityvebis<br />

citireba moaxdinoT? auxseniT, ra Sedegi SeiZleba amas<br />

moyves. es sakmaod rTulia im sazogadoebaSi, sadac bavSvebi<br />

masmedias ar icnoben. magram, rogorc wesi, bavSvebs kargad<br />

esmiT yvelaferi da Tu maT ar surT TqvenTan saubari, Tavisuflad<br />

amboben uars. Tavs nu moaxvevT bavSvs Tqvens survils,<br />

Tavisi sityvebis citirebaze Tanxmoba mogceT.<br />

gamocdilebiT viciT, rom ufrosebi (es gansakuTrebiT oficialur<br />

muSakebs exebaT) cdiloben bavSvebs ar Segaxvedron,<br />

vinaidan ar ician, ras ityvian isini, an rogor warmoaCenen<br />

maT. uars xSirad imiT xsnian, rom bavSvebi susti arsebebi<br />

arian da maT dacva, ufro sworad, mfarveloba sWirdebaT.<br />

adre qalebis mimarTac aseTive damokidebuleba iyo damkvidrebuli.<br />

bavSvebTan muSaobis eTika<br />

Tuki bavSvebTan momuSave saqvelmoqmedo da ganviTarebis<br />

organizaciis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebi varT, mkacri ganawesis Sesabamisad<br />

gviwevs saqmianobis warmarTva. igi moicavs sakiTxis<br />

gaSuqebas, konfidencialobas, bavSvTa dacvas. yovelive amis<br />

Sesaxeb cnobili unda iyos JurnalistebisaTvis da, saer­<br />

Tod, yvelasaTvis, vinc bavSvebisagan <strong>intervius</strong> iRebs.<br />

rodesac profesionali bavSvTan im mizniT amyarebs kontaqts,<br />

rom masze siuJeti moamzados, foto gadauRos an<br />

17

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

misgan informacia miiRos, man Tavis mizanTan SedarebiT upiratesoba<br />

bavSvis interesebs unda mianiWos.<br />

bavSvis sicocxle safrTxeSi ar unda CaagdoT, ar unda SeqmnaT<br />

imis winapiroba, rom mis mimarT Zaladoba ganxorcieldes<br />

an mas eqspluatacia gauwion.<br />

bavSvis mimarT Zaladobis sakiTxi mraval moments moicavs,<br />

romlebic am sakiTxze momuSave adamianebis TvalTaxedvis<br />

areSi mudmivad aris moqceuli. yvelas gvakisria pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bloba,<br />

davicvaT bavSvi nebismieri Zaladobisagan.<br />

bavSvTan calke muSaobis meTodiT saukeTeso siuJetebi<br />

mzaddeba, magram es meTodi bavSvs safrTxeSi agdebs, rac ar<br />

unda dagaviwydeT. xolo Tu xedavT, rom bavSvis sicocxles<br />

an mis keTildReobas safrTxe emuqreba, miiReT saTanado<br />

zomebi.<br />

Tavi SeikaveT iarliyis miwebebisagan<br />

frTxilad iyaviT bavSvebis siuJetSi warmoCenisas. imunovirusiT<br />

daavadebuli an seqs-industriaSi momuSave bavSvi<br />

gansakuTrebiT mwvaved reagirebs mis mimarT gamoyenebul<br />

gansazRvrebebze. arasworad SerCeul sityvebs im adamianebis<br />

uaryofiTi gamoZaxili moyveba, romlebic am bavSvs icnoben.<br />

magaliTad, prostitut bavSvs ar surs mas prostituti<br />

uwodon, urCevnia moixsenion rogorc seqs-industriis muSaki.<br />

gogona, romelic jariskacebma sqesobrivi moTxovnilebis<br />

dasakmayofileblad gaitaces, moiTxovs mas „coli“ uwodon.<br />

Zaladobis gadamtan bavSvs urCevnia gadarCenili uwodon<br />

da ara msxverpli. evfemizmze Tqveni Sexeduleba SegiZliaT<br />

gqondeT, magram bavSvis survils pativi unda sceT. Tu iseT<br />

terminologias gamoiyenebT bavSvis mimarT, romelic mas<br />

Tqvens mimarT mtrulad ganawyobs, verafers moi<strong>ge</strong>bT. magaliTad,<br />

seqs-industriaSi momuSave bavSvebma tailandSi Save<br />

18

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

The Children-is warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nels uTxres, rom isini Tavs prostitutebs<br />

ar uwodeben. am sityvas sazogadoebis sxva fenebis<br />

warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebi iyeneben, TviTon ki Tavis saqmianobas ase<br />

aRweren - „stumrebis mopatiJeba“ an „ucxoelebis gamosaWerad<br />

wasvla“.<br />

dro<br />

bavSvebTan muSaobisas dros nu SemofarglavT. bavSvebis<br />

ndoba rom moipovoT, <strong>intervius</strong> dawyebamde droa saWiro. <strong>intervius</strong><br />

dasrulebis Semdeg bavSvebs ucbad nu gamoeTxovebiT,<br />

maT Tavs uxerxulad nu agrZnobinebT.<br />

Tu bavSvebTan apirebT muSaobas, CaTvaleT, rom erTi saaTiT<br />

meti dro dagWirdebaT, vidre maswavleblebTan, mSoblebTan<br />

da sxva mozrdil adamianebTan muSaobisas. ukeTesia dro<br />

dagrCeT, vidre dagakldeT. Tu bavSvebTan samuSaod mxolod<br />

15 wuTi gaqvT, erT an or SekiTxvaze mets nu dasvamT, an blic<strong>intervius</strong>aTvis<br />

bavSvebi winaswar moamzadeT.<br />

mosamzadebeli viziti<br />

Tu gsurT, rom interviu kargi gamogivideT, bavSvebi erTxel<br />

mainc moinaxuleT winaswar. Tqven maT ukeT gaicnobT da, rac<br />

kidev ufro mniSvnelovania, isini gagicnoben ukeT. bavSvebi<br />

ucxo adamianebs ufrTxian, amitom maTi ndoba rom daimsaxuroT,<br />

droa saWiro.<br />

mosamzadebeli viziti aramarto bavSvebis gacnobaSi da<strong>ge</strong>xmarebaT,<br />

aramed daanaxebs maT, rom Tqven namdvilad gainteresebT<br />

isini da maTi azri. Tu <strong>intervius</strong> dros raime teqnikis,<br />

diqtofonis an kameris gamoyenebas apirebT, mosamzadebeli<br />

vizitis dros kargi Sansi <strong>ge</strong>ZlevaT auxsnaT bavSvebs,<br />

rogor muSaobs teqnika an risTvis gWirdebaT igi.<br />

19

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

skolebSi muSaoba<br />

<strong>intervius</strong>Tvis bavSvebis moZebna yvelaze iolad skolaSi<br />

SeiZleba, magram aq bevri ram unda gaiTvaliswinoT.<br />

upirvelesad es bavSvebis dacvis sakiTxia. skolasTan winaswar<br />

konsultaciebi unda CaataroT. Tumca SegiZliaT uamisodac<br />

aiRoT interviu bavSvebisagan, magram Tqveni wasvlis<br />

Semdeg maT SeiZleba problemebi SeeqmnaT. amitom pirdapir<br />

bavSvebTan misvla gaumarTlebelia. Tavdapirvelad SexvdiT<br />

direqtors, SeuTanxmeT Tqveni ganrigi mis da misi TanamSromlebis<br />

ganrigs. inglisSi, rogorc wesi, maswavleblebi<br />

TavianT ganrigs naxevari, zogjer erTi wliT adre ad<strong>ge</strong>nen,<br />

ris gamoc misi Secvala rTulia. amitom mizanSewonilia am<br />

problemis mosagvareblad skolas winaswar daukavSirdeT.<br />

umjobesia ramdenime skolasTan imuSaoT, vinaidan erT<br />

skolaSi SeiZleba bavSvebis yvela fenis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>neli ar<br />

iyos. zogi bavSvi SeiZleba saerTod ar dadiodes skolaSi.<br />

zog skolaSi ZiriTadad SeZlebuli ojaxebis Svilebi swavloben,<br />

zogSi - Raribi ojaxebis Svilebi. qalaqis da soflis<br />

skolebic gansxvavdebian erTmaneTisagan. zog skolaSi romelime<br />

erTi erovnebis bavSvebi ufro metni arian.<br />

Zalian xSirad muSaoba erTsa da imave skolaSi tardeba xolme<br />

erTi ubralo mizezis gamo - is an axlosaa, an aq ukve aqvT<br />

amgvari muSaobis gamocdileba.<br />

bavSvebs uWirT maswavleblis TandaswrebiT Tavisuflad<br />

saubari. Tu bavSvebs TviTon ar surT maswavleblis daswreba,<br />

ecadeT Sexvedra mis gareSe Sed<strong>ge</strong>s. Tu tradiciebis Sesabamisad<br />

saubars sxva ufrosi aucileblad unda eswrebodes,<br />

bavSvs mieciT arCevanis ufleba.<br />

gasaTvaliswinebelia skolis, iseve rogorc nebismieri<br />

sxva dawesebulebis, zrunva sakuTar prestiJze. maswavleblebi<br />

amayoben TavianTi skoliT da Tu bavSvebis SerCevas<br />

maT vTxovT, isini im bavSvebs mogiyvanen, romlebic skolis<br />

20

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

Sesaxeb mxolod poziturad isaubreben. yvelaze cocxali<br />

bavSvebi ki, rogorc wesi, kargi akademiuri moswrebiT an yofaqceviT<br />

ar gamoirCevian.<br />

ar dagaviwydeT ukukavSiris ganxorcielebis aucilebloba.<br />

gamoqveynebuli statia, aseve gadaRebuli fotoebis<br />

aslebi skolas gaugzavneT. skola mowadinebulia istorias<br />

Semounaxos masalebi, gamofinos isini an saklaso muSaobaSi<br />

gamoiyenos. Tqveni viziti, iseve rogorc am vizitis Sedegi,<br />

gakveTilze sasaubro saintereso Temad SeiZleba iqces.<br />

21

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

interviu<br />

„adgilobrivi radiosadguridan qalma<br />

damireka. saubris bolos miTxra, gmadlobT<br />

<strong>intervius</strong>aTviso. verc mivxvdi, rom <strong>intervius</strong><br />

iRebda.“<br />

„mkveTri toniT da gawelilad nu<br />

gvelaparakebiT, nurc iseT rames gvetyviT,<br />

rasac ver gavi<strong>ge</strong>bT.“<br />

imis mixedviT, Tu rogor epyrobiT bavSvebs da rogor<br />

ukeTebT organizebas <strong>intervius</strong>, es bavSvebi xvdebian, ra<br />

gsurT maTgan. Tu agrZnobinebT, rom isini mniSvnelovani<br />

adamianebi arian TqvenTvis da migaCniaT, rom maT saintereso<br />

ramis Tqma SeuZliaT, yvelafers gaakeTeben, raTa imedi ar<br />

gagicruvdeT. xolo Tu agrZnobinebT, rom seriozulad ar<br />

aRiqvamT maT da patarebad TvliT, romelTac araferi mniSvnelovani<br />

ar SeuZliaT Tqvan, imeds arc am SemTxvevaSi gagicrueben<br />

da Sesabamisad moiqcevian. daTmeT Tqveni upiratesoba,<br />

uCveneT bavSvebs, rom Tqvenc gaqvT susti wertilebi<br />

- es maTTan dagaaxloebT.<br />

- gaixseneT, Tqven TviTon rogor grZnobT Tavs, rodesac<br />

ufrosi zemodan dagyurebT.<br />

- ra grZnoba giCndebaT, rodesac ufrosebs Tqveni mosazreba<br />

aintersebT, mas seriozulad ekidebian? ra gavlenas<br />

axdens es Tqvens qcevaze?<br />

bavSvebic igives grZnoben. Tu pativiscemiT moepyrobiT,<br />

sanazRauros aucileblad miiRebT.<br />

22

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

adgilis SerCeva<br />

<strong>intervius</strong> Casatarebeli adgilis farTo arCevani SeiZleba<br />

ar gqondeT, magram yovelTvis mniSvnelovania bavSvebisaTvis<br />

iseTi pirobebis Seqmna, rom maT Tavi Tavisuflad<br />

igrZnon. garemo bavSvs ar unda afrTxobdes, amitom arc saklaso<br />

oTaxia misaRebi da arc miTumetes direqtoris kabineti.<br />

sasaubrod mcire sivrcec sakmarisia. Tu kargi amindia,<br />

gareT SegiZliaT dasxdeT. TqvenTvisac da bavSvebisTvisac<br />

ukeTesi iqneba, Tu gamvlel-gamomvleli yuradRebas ar gifantavT.<br />

myudro adgili moZebneT.<br />

SeZlebisdagvarad ecadeT mudam bavSvis xedvis areSi rCebodeT,<br />

gansakuTrebiT im SemTxvevaSi, Tu mas calke esaubrebiT.<br />

Tu Sexvedra SenobaSi mimdinareobs, kari Ria datoveT. Tu<br />

gareT xarT, sadme xis CrdilSi moZebneT adgili, saidanac sxvebi<br />

advilad daginaxaven, magram arc imdenad axlos iqnebiT<br />

maTTan, rom Tqveni saubari gaigonon. es bavSvis usafrTxoebis<br />

dacvasac emsaxureba.<br />

Tu amis SesaZlebloba arsebobs, ecadeT saubari iseT garemoSi<br />

warmarToT, romelic Tqveni saubris konteqsts exmianeba.<br />

magaliTad, skolis baRis Sesaxeb am baRSi isaubreT.<br />

saubari quCaSi mcxvrebi bavSvebis Temaze swored quCaSi<br />

gamarTeT.<br />

mieciT saSualeba bavSvs, adgili TviTon airCios, magram es<br />

adgili Tqvens moTxovnilebasac unda akmayofilebdes. bavSvma<br />

unda icodes, magaliTad, ratom giSliT xels xmauri.<br />

mxolod bavSvebi?<br />

Tu sxva adamianebs surT saubars daeswron da es maTi<br />

tradiciebiT ar aris ganpirobebuli, sTxoveT maT dagtovon.<br />

ufrosebi, gansakuTrebiT isini, vinc SeCveulia bavSvis<br />

kontrols, awyvetineben an karnaxoben mas. maswavleblebi<br />

Tavs ver ikaveben SeniSvnebis micemisagan, socialur muSaks<br />

23

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

SeuZlia Tqvas, rom rasac bavSvi ambobs, misi warmosaxvis nayofia,<br />

an sulac tyuilia. TavSekavebiT auxseniT, rom Tqven<br />

bavSvis TvaliT danaxuli sinamdvile gainteresebT, xolo<br />

damatebiTi informaciis mis<strong>aReba</strong>d maT mogvianebiT esaubrebiT.<br />

Tumca zogierT bavSvs urCevnia saubrisas gverdiT hyavdes<br />

iseTi adamiani, romelsac endoba (magaliTad, axalgazrdebis<br />

saqmeebze specializebuli socialuri muSaki), miTumetes,<br />

Tu grZnobs, rom Tqvens Soris garkveuli urTierTga<strong>ge</strong>ba<br />

arsebobs. bavSvebTan gancalkevebiT saubari maTi dacvis<br />

sakiTxebs aRZravs (ix. bavSvebTan muSaobis eTika da adgilis<br />

SerCeva).<br />

moxerxebulad sxedxarT?<br />

dajeqiT ise, rogorc bavSvebi sxedan. TqvenTvis saukeTeso<br />

da did skams nu aarCevT. Tu bavSvebi iatakze an miwaze sxedan,<br />

maT gverdiT miujeqiT. jgufTan muSaobisas wre gaakeTeT.<br />

ajobebs, Tu yuradRebis centrSi ar iqnebiT, magram amave<br />

dros yvela bavSvs kargad dainaxavT.<br />

Jestebis ena frTxilad gamoiyeneT. saubrisas bavSvebs TvalebSi<br />

uyureT, Tu, ra Tqma unda, tradicia amis uflebas ga­<br />

ZlevT. bavSvebi Tavs kargad grZnoben, roca Tanamosaubris<br />

Jestikulacia iseTivea, rogoric maTi, magram ar unda SegamCnion,<br />

rom maT baZavT.<br />

teqnika<br />

imis mixedviT, radioSi muSaobT Tu televiziaSi, sxvadasxva<br />

teqnika dagWirdebaT, rac <strong>intervius</strong> aRebis Taviseburebas<br />

ganapirobebs. Tu <strong>bavSvisagan</strong> seriozuli informaciis miRebas<br />

apirebT, maqsimalurad SezRudeT teqnikis gamoyeneba.<br />

roca, magaliTad, kadris xelmeored gad<strong>aReba</strong> gsurT, aux­<br />

24

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

seniT, ras da ratom akeTebT. Tqveni samuSao jgufis yvela<br />

wevri TqvensaviT unda moiqces. garda amisa, bavSvebisaTvis<br />

teqnikasTan urTierTobas SemecnebiTi mniSvnelobac Sei­<br />

Zleba hqondes.<br />

kulturuli Taviseburebebi<br />

zogierTi kultura bavSvebs qcevis konkretul normebs<br />

uwesebs, maTgan ufrosebis mimarT pativiscemis gamoxatvas<br />

moiTxovs. gaiTvaliswineT es da nurc bavSvebs CaagdebT<br />

uxerxul mdgomareobaSi, nurc mSoblebs SeuracxyofT.<br />

zogjer mizanSewonilia winaswar kiTxoT bavSvebs, ra pirobebSi<br />

undaT <strong>intervius</strong> Catareba. interviu gansakuTrebiT<br />

efeqturi gamodis, Tu bavSvebi grZnoben, rom ufrosebi maT<br />

TanatolebiviT epyrobian da maT azrs pativs scemen. xolo<br />

Tu nebarTvis gareSe saubris ufleba ar aqvT, an Tu zemoT<br />

yureba uxdebaT, raTa Tqven daginaxon, bavSvebi Tavisuflad<br />

veRar saubroben.<br />

gacnoba<br />

sakuTari Tavis ward<strong>ge</strong>naze dros nu dazogavT. martivad da<br />

naTlad auxseniT, vin xarT, ras akeTebT da ratom. urigo ar<br />

iqneba, Tu gazeTs an Jurnals miutanT, sadac Tqveni statiaa<br />

dabeWdili, raTa bavSvebma naxon, ras akeTebT da rogor Sei­<br />

Zleba gamoiyenoT maTgan aRebuli interviu.<br />

operators SeuZlia mis mier gadaRebuli ramdenime fotosuraTi<br />

moitanos. rodesac amerikeli fotografi eli ridi<br />

Save the Children-is farglebSi samxreT afrikaSi gaemgzavra,<br />

Tan Tavisi wigni „Savkanianebi amerikaSi“ waiRo. bavSvebTan<br />

am suraTebze msjelobam, maTTvis imis axsnam, Tu ra<br />

imaleboda TiToeuli fotos miRma, fotografsa da bavSvebs<br />

Soris siucxovis yinuli gaalRo.<br />

25

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

bavSvebs sTxoveT, yvelam cal-calke warmogidginoT Tavi. es<br />

maT sakuTari Tavisadmi rwmenas ganumtkicebs.<br />

„sazRvrebis dad<strong>ge</strong>na“<br />

bavSvebs auxseniT, ras akeTebT da ratom, maTgan ra gsurT,<br />

ra wesebi unda daicvan. magaliTad, unda ganumartoT, rom<br />

erTmaneTs laparaki ar unda gaawyvetinon, mosaubres yuradRebiT<br />

unda mousminon. pirdapir uTxariT, ra gsurT da<br />

bavSvebic Tavs ufro Tavisuflad igrZnoben da gau<strong>ge</strong>brobisaTvis<br />

adgili aRar darCeba. kiTxeT, rame xom ar interesebT,<br />

yvelaferi naTelia Tu ara maTTvis? zogjer iseTi ram<br />

SeiZleba gkiTxon, rac Tqvens konkretul saqmianobas sul ar<br />

exeba, magram mainc yuradRebiT mousmineT.<br />

bavSvebs aintersebT masmedia. amitom usafuZvlo imedebic<br />

SeiZleba gauCndeT, rasac imedgacureba moyveba. auxseniT,<br />

rogor SeiZleba masala gamoiyenoT, an savaraudod ra saxe<br />

eqneba saboloo produqts.<br />

konfidencialoba da anonimuroba<br />

konfidencialobas bavSvebisaTvis didi mniSvneloba aqvs.<br />

SeekiTxeT, ras fiqroben maTi vinaobis gaxmaurebaze. Tu<br />

yoymanoben, mxolod bavSvis saxeli gamoiyeneT, an isic<br />

gamoigoneT. zogjer ufrosebma arc viciT, ra safrTxeSi<br />

vagdebT bavSvebs, rodesac isini Cveni TxovniT TiTqosda<br />

uwyinar azrs gamoTqvamen.<br />

anonimurobas Tu daicavT, bavSvebi bevr rames xalisiT mogiyvebian.<br />

Tumca zogi bavSvi arc malavs vinaobas. Jurnalistebs da socmuSakebs<br />

xSirad sCveviaT bavSvis mxolod saxeliT moxsenieba<br />

(gvaris ga<strong>ge</strong>biT Tavs ar iwuxeben), rac mfarvelobiT tons<br />

26

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

aZlevs siuJets, bavSvebs ki es ar moswonT. zogi TeTrkaniani<br />

dResac mxolod saxeliT moixseniebs Savkanianebs (magali­<br />

Tad, mebaRe jimi an mzareuli gledisi) da amiT, nebiT Tu uneblieT,<br />

maT Rirsebas akninebs.<br />

Tu fotografTan erTad muSaobT, bavSvebs kiTxeT, surT Tu<br />

ara, rom fotoebi gadauRon da Semdeg gamoaqveynon. nu ggoniaT,<br />

rom amis kiTxva aucilebeli ar aris. surT, rom maTi vinaoba<br />

titrebSi aRniSnuli iyos? Tu es SesaZlebelia, aucileblad<br />

auxseniT, ra konteqstSi apirebT fotoebis gamoyenebas.<br />

bavSvis usafrTxoeba mxedvelobidan arasdros gamogrCeT.<br />

maSinac ki, Tu bavSvebs surT suraTis gad<strong>aReba</strong>, SeiZleba<br />

maTi vinaobis Secvla dagWirdeT - magaliTad, Tu isini arasrulwlovanebi<br />

arian, devnas gaurbian an raime sxva mizeziT<br />

arian iZulebuli vinaoba damalon.<br />

aseTi bavSvebi gadaiReT ise, rom maTi saxe CrdilSi moeqces,<br />

anda naWriT an xelebiT iyos dafaruli.<br />

zogjer Tqven ver SeZlebT absoluturi konfidencialobis<br />

uzrunvelyofas. Tu bavSvi gagimxelT, rom mis mimarT<br />

Zaladoba ganxorcielda an aseTi ram ganzraxuli aqvT, valdebuli<br />

xarT amis Sesaxeb policias an socialur samsaxurs<br />

SeatyobinoT. Cven mainc girCevT am SemTxvevaSic scadoT<br />

<strong>bavSvisagan</strong> Tanxmobis miReba - jobs man icodes, rom Tqven<br />

policiisaTvis ambis Setyobinebas apirebT. Tu <strong>intervius</strong><br />

msvlelobis dros zedapirze raime seriozuli da saxifaTo<br />

ambavi amotivtivda, auxseniT bavSvs, ra SeiZleba moxdes am<br />

ambis gamoaSkaravebis SemTxvevaSi. bavSvebTan maqsimalurad<br />

gulwrfeli iyaviT (ix. piraduli sakiTxebi).<br />

gaicaniT erTmaneTi<br />

interviu bavSvebs afrTxobs, amitom gasakviri ar aris, rom<br />

Tavidan isini nerviuloben. bavSvebma Tavi Tavisuflad rom<br />

igrZnon, gaicaniT isini da Tqveni Tavic warudgineT. rogor<br />

27

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

SeiZleba amis gakeTeba? bavSvebi erTmaneTisgan gansxvavdebian,<br />

aseve gansxvavdeba maTTan daaxloebis xerxebic, magram<br />

amisaTvis nebismier SemTxvevaSi garkveuli droa saWiro.<br />

upirveles yovlisa, gverdze gadadeT bloknoti, diqtofoni<br />

an sxva teqnika. Tqven TviTonac gaTavisufldiT da ecadeT<br />

yuradRebiT moisminoT bavSvis naambobi, Canaweris gakeTebaze<br />

nu ifiqrebT. situacias ganmuxtavs maTTan erTad TamaSi,<br />

simRera an cekva. urigo ar iqneba, Tu bavSvebs maTi cxovrebis<br />

amsaxvel suraTebs daaxatinebT.<br />

bavSvebs nurafers daaZalebT, iyaviT gulRia da Tavi bunebrivad<br />

daiWireT. bavSvebi advilad xvdebian, rodis aris<br />

ufrosi aragulwrfeli da Tu maTi ndoba ar daimsaxureT,<br />

guls ar gadagixsnian. Tu ar iciT, ra TqvaT an gaakeToT, nu<br />

mo<strong>ge</strong>ridebaT, bavSvebs SeekiTxeT. isini siamovnebiT da<strong>ge</strong>xmarebian.<br />

nu daumalavT, rom maTsaviT uxerxulad da umweod<br />

grZnobT Tavs.<br />

Tu teqnikis gamoyenebas apirebT, uCveneT bavSvebs, rogor<br />

muSaobs is da risTvis gWirdebaT. Tu amis SesaZlebloba arsebobs,<br />

TviTon scadon mikrofoniT muSaoba. gaaxedeT kameraSi,<br />

an uCveneT, rogor akeTebT stenogramas. kargi iqneba,<br />

Tu teqnikas mosamzadebeli vizitis dros mosinjavT, amis<br />

Semdeg <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong> aRar gagiWirdebaT.<br />

leqsika<br />

bavSvebisaTvis gasa<strong>ge</strong>b enaze isaubreT. roca raimes xsniT,<br />

martivi leqsika gamoiyeneT. Tu ar iciT, rogori leqsikaa<br />

gasa<strong>ge</strong>bi xuTi an cameti wlis bavSvebisaTvis, yuri daugdeT,<br />

rogor laparakoben isini. Tu saWiro gaxda, bavSvebTan momuSave<br />

adamianebs daukavSirdiT da rCeva kiTxeT. daakvirdiT,<br />

gai<strong>ge</strong>s bavSvebma Tqveni naTqvami? Tu arasworad gai<strong>ge</strong>s,<br />

axla sxvanairad TqviT saTqmeli. ganmartebis erTi da imave<br />

formiT ramdenjerme gameorebas Sedegi ar moyveba.<br />

28

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

ecadeT maSinac ki gaugoT, rodesac TviTonac ar ician, rogor<br />

gamoTqvan, rac gulSi udevT. did daxmarebas gagiwevT<br />

Tqvenive gulwrfeli daintereseba. Tu mainc ar <strong>ge</strong>smiT, ras<br />

amboben, kidev SeekiTxeT: „aba, kidev erTxel amixseni?“ an „ra<br />

sainteresoa. kidev ra moxda?“ an „amiT ra gindoda <strong>ge</strong>Tqva?“<br />

- dayvirebiT gauCumebixarT? ra gigrZvniaT am dros?<br />

- ras grZnobT, roca TqvenTvis gau<strong>ge</strong>bar Jargonze<br />

<strong>ge</strong>laparakebian? rogor SeiZleba amis Tavidan arideba?<br />

- vinmesTan saubris dros rogor xvdebiT, gagigoT Tu ara<br />

Tanamosaubrem? (daakvirdiT amas sxva dros, ucxosTan<br />

saubrisas)<br />

<strong>intervius</strong> dawyeba<br />

<strong>intervius</strong> warmarTvis Cveulebrivi teqnika xSirad bavSvebTan<br />

gamousadegaria. pirdapiri kiTxvebis dasmisas isini an sakuTar<br />

naWuWSi iketebian, an imas amboben, rasac maTgan sxvebi<br />

moelian, xolo sakuTar fiqrebs ar amxelen.<br />

bavSvebs SekiTxvebs mudam usvamen mSoblebi da maswavleblebi.<br />

ufrosebi maTgan TiTqmis yovelTvis „swor“ pasuxs moelian.<br />

bavSvebmac ician, romeli pasuxia „swori“. Tu gindaT<br />

bavSvma guli gadagixsnaT, auxseniT, rom swori an araswori<br />

pasuxi ar arsebobs.<br />

Tavidan bavSvebi uxerxulad grZnoben Tavs, „swori“ pasuxis<br />

ZebnaSi Tavgza ebnevaT (gansakuTrebiT maSin, Tu maswavlebeli,<br />

socmuSaki an vinme sxva eswreba <strong>intervius</strong>. swored<br />

amitom jobs, rom isini <strong>intervius</strong> ar daeswron). moTminebiT<br />

auxseniT, rom <strong>intervius</strong> dros arc maT codnas amowmebT da<br />

arc niSans uwerT, Tqven ubralod gainteresebT, ras fiqroben<br />

isini ama Tu im sakiTxis Sesaxeb. bavSvebi advilad xvdebian,<br />

gulisyuriT usmenen Tu ara ufrosebi da ainteresebT Tu<br />

ara maTi azrebi.<br />

29

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

bavSvebi ukeT gaixsnebian, Tu maT agrZnobinebT, rom damoukidebelni<br />

arian, rom <strong>intervius</strong> procesSi isini ufro<br />

mniSvnelovan rols asruleben, vidre Tqven. mas Semdeg, rac<br />

bavSvebi Tavisuflad daiwyeben laparaks, Tqven SeZlebT<br />

saubars TqvenTvis sasurveli mimarTuleba misceT.<br />

jgufTan muSaobisas ecadeT, rom bavSvebma erTmaneTTan isaubron.<br />

Tu maT dros miscemT, raTa erTad ganixilon esa Tu<br />

is sakiTxi da Tqvens gulwrfel dainteresebas daanaxebT,<br />

bavSvebi iseT Rrma informacias mogawvdian, rogorsac<br />

formaluri SekiTxvebis dasmiT verasdros moipovebT.<br />

nu aiZulebT bavSvs pasuxi gagceT, Tu mas es ar surs. SeiZleba<br />

bavSvi TqvenTan iZulebiT moxvda, an damfrTxalia, an morcxvobs,<br />

an sulac hgonia, rom sainteresos verafers <strong>ge</strong>tyviT.<br />

SeiZleba is dumiliT Tavs icavdes.<br />

konkretul movlenaze saubari<br />

Tu bavSvTan konkretul sakiTxze an imis Sesaxeb gsurT<br />

saubari, rac man TviTon Caidina, umjobesia daiwyoT ase: „aba,<br />

ra moxda Seni azriT?“ kiTxvebi Ria unda iyos. magaliTad: „ra<br />

igrZeni, es rom moxda?“ Tu daxurul SekiTxvebs dasvamT, mxolod<br />

mokle da uintereso pasuxebs miiRebT.<br />

Temis Seswavla<br />

bavSvebTan, gansakuTrebiT mcirewlovan bavSvebTan saubari<br />

rom aewyos, ufro meti droa saWiro, vidre ufrosebTan muSaobisas.<br />

qvemoT mocemulia ramdenime rCeva.<br />

• dausviT kiTxva TqvenTvis saintereso TemasTan dakavSirebiT<br />

(magaliTad, „momiyevi, rogor Cavardi safrTxeSi?“).<br />

• uCveneT TemasTan dakavSirebuli suraTebi, romelTa<br />

Sesaxebac maT raRacis Tqma SeuZliaT.<br />

30

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

• mcirewlovan bavSvebs sTxoveT daxaton suraTi da Semdeg<br />

giambon, ra daxates.<br />

• mouyeviT ambavi Tqvens Sesaxeb (sasurvelia, ambavi sasacilo<br />

iyos, an Tqveni cxovrebis iseT epizods warmoaCendes,<br />

romlic kargad ar gaxasiaTebT - magaliTad, rogor<br />

SegaSinaT patara ZaRlma). isini jer SekiTxvebs dagisvamen,<br />

xolo Semdeg sakuTar istorias giamboben.<br />

• raime uCveulo azri gamoTqviT da ganumarteT bavSvebs,<br />

rom ar aris aucilebeli maTac gaiziaron Tqveni mosazreba.<br />

magaliTad: „ar mesmis, spilos gadarCenas ra azri<br />

aqvs? xom ver amixsniT, bavSvebs ratom undaT misi gadar­<br />

Cena ase Zalian?“<br />

bavSvebis mier SemoTavazebuli Temebi<br />

zogjer amarTlebs zogadi saubari, radgan Temebs bavSvebi<br />

TviTon gTavazoben. amas kargi Sedegi moaqvs.<br />

ai, rogor SeiZleba daiwyoT aseT SemTxvevaSi:<br />

• „rogor fiqrobT, ufrosebi xSirad gismenen yuradRebiT?<br />

namdvilad esmiT maT Tqveni?“ am Temaze zogadi saubris<br />

Semdeg konkretul sakiTxebze bavSvebi TviTon gadadian.<br />

• „ginaxavT televiziiT gamosuli bavSvebi, an radioSi mogismeniaT<br />

maTTvis? miiRebdi monawileobas aseT gadacemaSi?<br />

ras etyodi xalxs?“<br />

• „gqonia iseTi SemTxveva, rodesac raRacis Tqma gsurs, magram<br />

ar gismenen? ufro dawvrilebiT xom ar momiyvebodi<br />

amis Sesaxeb?“<br />

• zogadi saubris etapze daafiqsireT momentebi, rodesac<br />

bavSvebi raRac sakiTxze saubris survils avlenen. mogvianebiT<br />

dausviT SekiTxvebi amgvar Temebze, uyuradRebod<br />

nu datovebT maT.<br />

31

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

kiTxvebis dasma<br />

dasmuli SekiTxva maqsimalurad Ria da erTmniSvnelovani<br />

unda iyos. maqsimaluri Tavisufleba mieciT bavSvebs, raTa<br />

Tqvan, rac surT; ecadeT Tqvenma Sexedulebam ar daTrgunos<br />

bavSvis azri.<br />

jgufTan konkretul Temaze muSaobisas SekiTxvebs bavSvebic<br />

dasvamen. waaxaliseT isini, raTa es procesi ufro gaaqtiurdes.<br />

bavSvebi imdenad pirdapir da mwvave SekiTxvebs<br />

svamen xolme, rom bevrs uWirs maTze pasuxis gacema, magram<br />

samagierod isini naTlad amJRavneben bavSvis xedvas.<br />

Tu bavSvi gaubedavia, amarTlebs daxuruli SekiTxvebis<br />

dasma, romelTac Ria SekiTxva moyveba. magaliTad: „bavSvi<br />

celqobisaTvis unda daisajos?“ „ara“. „ratom?“<br />

nu gaawyvetinebT, maT SeiZleba moeCvenoT, rom “swor” pasuxs<br />

ar iZlevian. gaakeTeT pauza, xolo Semdeg dasazustebeli<br />

kiTxva dausviT.<br />

waxaliseba<br />

mas Semdeg, rac bavSvebi saubars daiwyeben, Tavi komfortulad<br />

rom igrZnon, waaxaliseT, agrZnobineT, rom saqme kargad<br />

midis.<br />

Tu moxda ise, rom bavSvi sul sxva Temaze agznebiT saubrobs,<br />

nu gaawyvetinebT, radgan is cdilobs mtkivneul sakiTxze<br />

saubari SemovliTi gziT daiwyos. marTalia, redaqtori sul<br />

sxva rames elodeba da arc Tqvens kvlevas Sematebs es ucxo<br />

Tema rames, magram samgierod momavli proeqtis ideas moixelTebT,<br />

ukve kargad <strong>ge</strong>codinebaT, ra aRelvebT bavSvebs.<br />

Tu interviu kargad ar mimdinareobs da bavSvebi saubris<br />

survils ar gamoxataven, maT an dasmuli sakiTxi ver gai<strong>ge</strong>s,<br />

an ar surT interviuSi monawileoba. keTilganwyobilad<br />

32

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

kiTxeT, rogor surT interviu Catardes. Tu saubari ar undaT,<br />

pativi eciT maT survils.<br />

piraduli sakiTxi<br />

piradul sakiTxebze saubrisas - mag., Zaladoba da, kerZod,<br />

seqsualuri Zaladoba, damcireba skolaSi, rasizmi, ojaxuri<br />

problemebi, quCaSi cxovreba - didi taqti gWirdebaT.<br />

cxadia, rom Tu Zalian zedapirulad ar saubrobT, bavSvebs<br />

laparaki swored mtkivneul piradul sakiTxebze uxdebaT,<br />

arada, ratom unda gadauxsnan guli ucnobs? meore mxriv ki,<br />

maT surT msgavs mdgomareobaSi Cavardnil sxva bavSvebs daexmaron.<br />

zogierTi bavSvisaTvis ucxosTan saubari ufro iolia,<br />

im pirobiT, Tu is maT ndobas imsaxurebs.<br />

yvelafers jobs, Tu bavSvebi saubris Tematikas TviTon<br />

gansazRvraven, <strong>intervius</strong> Casatarebel adgils da saubris<br />

tons TviTon gTavazoben, Tqven ki yuradRebiT usmenT da<br />

SeqebiT amxnevebT. Tu ase ar moxda, mtkivneul sakiTxze saubars<br />

pirdapir nu daiwyebT. nu etyviT: „aba, erTi miTxari, rogor<br />

iyo Senze Zala rom ixmares?“ amis magivrad Tqveni azri<br />

ase CamoayalibeT: „vgrZnob, rom bevri ram gadaitane, magram<br />

gauZeli. xom ver momiyvebodi, rogor moxda es?“<br />

roca saqme piradul sakiTxebs exeba, siCqare ar amarTlebs.<br />

moCqares mougviandeso, xom gagigoniaT. nurc bavSvebs da<br />

nurc sakuTar Tavs travmas nu miayenebT. rodesac bavSvi<br />

tkivils sxvas gauziarebs, gulze moeSveba, xolo Cveni yuradReba<br />

da TanagrZnoba imis maCvenebeli iqneba, rom pativs<br />

vcemT mis gancdebs, gvesmis misi satkivari.<br />

Tavidanve unda auxsnaT bavSvs, rogor iqneba masala gamoyenebuli.<br />

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, bavSvTan erTad ganixileT,<br />

ra Sedegi SeiZleba amas moyves. mag.: Tu „yoCi“ icnobs Tavis<br />

msxverpls, Tanaxmaa respodenti, rom masala gamoqveyndes?<br />

imgvari sociumis bavSvisaTvis, sadac masmediasa da wigns<br />

33

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

naklebad icnoben, es sakiTxi gansakuTrebiT mtkivneulia.<br />

zogjer bavSvis survilis gaTvaliswinebiT mogiwevT<br />

siuJetidan saintereso nawilis amoReba. iseve rogorc<br />

ufrosebs, bavSvebsac aqvT ufleba saubris raRac nawili<br />

ar Cagawerinon. pativi eciT bavSvis survils. Tu SeatyobT,<br />

rom Tavs uxerxulad grZnobs da ama Tu im Temaze saubris<br />

gagrZeleba ar surs, magram ver amxels, endeT intuicias<br />

da SewyviteT saubari. nu daelodebiT, sanam bavSvi TviTon<br />

mogTxovT amas. bavSvs guldawyvetils an gabrazebuls nu datovebT<br />

(ixileT - <strong>intervius</strong> dasruleba).<br />

bavSvi maSinac SeiZleba daTrgunuli iyos, rodesac Tqven<br />

amis mizezs ver xedavT. nu gagakvirvebT es da adekvaturad<br />

imoqmedeT.<br />

gaiTvaliswineT eTikuri momentebic (ix. konfidencialoba<br />

da anonimuroba).<br />

nu ewinaaRmde<strong>ge</strong>biT imas, rom bavSvi azrs icvlis<br />

bavSvebis umravlesoba ar aris miCveuli, rom maT yurs ugdeben,<br />

an maT mosazrebebs iTvaliswineben. amitom saubrisas<br />

uWirT sakuTari azris gamoxatva.<br />

zogjer sakuTar Tavs ewinaaRmd<strong>ge</strong>bian, ityuebian an fantazioroben.<br />

gana ufrosebic ase ar iqcevian? unda gaxsovdeT, rom<br />

zogjer bavSvi iZulebulia es gaakeTos. nu daatanT Zalas, raTa<br />

„simarTle“ giTxraT, SekiTxvebiT miiyvaneT simarTlemde. am<br />

dros ufrosebis daswreba sasurveli ar aris. aq siuJetis ganviTarebis<br />

qronologiuri Tanmimdevroba an faqtebis sizuste<br />

imdenad arsebiTi ar aris, ramdenadac bavSvis xedva. yuri daugdeT,<br />

ras amboben isini - siurprizi garantirebuli gaqvT.<br />

- moxvedrilxarT iseT situaciaSi, rodesac ar gsurdaT<br />

sruli simarTlis Tqma?<br />

34

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

- gqoniaT SemTxveva, rodesac viTomda sxvisi ambis moyoliT<br />

sakuTari ambavi mogiyoliaT? ras ganicdidiT am<br />

dros? SegiZliaT bavSvs msgavs SemTxvevaSi gaugoT?<br />

problemebi?<br />

bavSvebi, Tu maT pativiscemiT epyrobiT, iSviaTad iqcevian<br />

cudad. magaliTad, quCis bavSvebi, romlebic gamvlel turistebs<br />

uxeSad eqcevian, roca TavisTavisadmi pativiscemas<br />

igrZnoben, sruliad icvlebian.<br />

magram zogjer maTi cxovrebis TqvenTvis ucnobi faqtebi<br />

axdens zegavlenas maT qcevaze, isini cqmutvas iwyeben da<br />

azrebs Tavs ver uyrian. ase ufrosebsac emarTebaT. ara aqvs<br />

mniSvneloba, ra iwvevs amas, nu ecdebiT maT „morjulebas“,<br />

araferi gamogivaT.<br />

Tu raime mizezis gamo interviu kargi ar gamodis, SewyviteT<br />

igi, magram bavSvebs nu agrZnobinebT, rom ver gaarTves Tavi<br />

maTze dakisrebul saqmes. SeiZleba sxva aqtivobaze gadaxvideT,<br />

vTqvaT, bavSvebs xatva SesTavazoT, isini xom xSirad<br />

naxatebiT ukeTesad amboben saTqmels. an maT mier dawerili<br />

ambavi waikiTxeT, raTa dro uqmad ar daxarjoT.<br />

Tu am dros problemebi gagiCndaT, Tavi bavSvebis adgilas<br />

warmoidgineT da SeecadeT pasuxi gasceT kiTxvas, ratom<br />

garTulda saqme.<br />

- es Tqveni mizeziT xom ar moxda? daRlili xom ar iyaviT,<br />

an sxva safiqrali xom ar gqondaT, an iqneb bavSvis istoria<br />

naklebad gainteresebdaT?<br />

- umarTavi xom ar gaxda situacia? ra daaskveniT?<br />

- sxva SemTxvevaSi sxvanairad xom ar moiqceodiT? rogor?<br />

35

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

TarjimanTan erTad muSaoba<br />

samwuxarod, xSirad bavSvis sityvebi Tarjimnis mier ifiltreba.<br />

rodesac Tarjimnis daxmarebiT sar<strong>ge</strong>blobT, ramdenime<br />

momenti unda gaiTvaliswinoT. Tu Tarjimnis moZebna im<br />

qveynis moqalaqeebs akisriaT, sadac <strong>intervius</strong> Catarebas<br />

apirebT, maT winaswar unda SeatyobinoT, ra gsurT. winaaRmdeg<br />

SemTxvevaSi imedgacrueba <strong>ge</strong>liT.<br />

• nu SearCevT gavlenian pirs, magaliTad, skolis maswavlebels.<br />

Tu amas ver aeridebiT, SearCieT iseTi piri,<br />

romelsac muSaobis avtoritaruli stili ar axasiaTebs<br />

da bavSvebs ar daafrTxobs.<br />

• gansazRvreT, konkretul situacias, Temas, bavSvTa<br />

konkretul kontin<strong>ge</strong>ntTan muSaobas vin ufro gaarTmevs<br />

Tavs - mamakaci Tu qali.<br />

• Tu Tarjimnad bavSvis SerCeva SeiZleba, es yvelafers jobs.<br />

• SeiZleba orze meti enis mcodne Tarjimani dagWirdeT.<br />

magaliTad, zogierT yofil koloniaSi saxelmwifo ena<br />

franguli an portugaliuria, xolo soflad am enebze<br />

aravin saubrobs. amitom iseTi Tarjimani dagWirdebaT,<br />

romelmac adgilobrivi enac icis.<br />

• <strong>intervius</strong> aRebisas umjobesia, Tu Tarjimnobas iseTi<br />

piri gagiwevT, vinc adgilobriv bavSvebs icnobs da ara,<br />

magaliTad, dedaqalaqidan Camoyvanili Tarjimani. garda<br />

amisa, soflelebsa da qalaqelebs Soris garkveuli gansxvaveba<br />

arsebobs, rac daZabulobas iwvevs. Tumca isic<br />

gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom adgilobrivi mkvidris daswrebam<br />

interviuze SeiZleba xeli SeuSalos Tavisufali<br />

da guliTadi atmosferos Seqmnas.<br />

• uSualod muSaobis dawyebamde SexvdiT Tarjimans, auxseniT,<br />

rom pirvel pirSi unda Targmnos da ara mesame pirSi.<br />

magaliTad: „me“ an „Cven“ da ara „is ambobs, rom...“. aseve<br />

gaafrTxileT, rom bavSvebs azris gamoxatvisaTvis sakmarisi<br />

dro unda misces.<br />

36

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

Tarjimanma Tavidanve unda icodes, rom Seulamazebuli simarTlis<br />

ga<strong>ge</strong>ba gsurT. zogjer Tarjimani cdilobs movlenebis<br />

mxolod dadebiTi mxare giCvenoT, gansakuTrebiT ma­<br />

Sin, Tu saubari misi interesebis sferos exeba (magaliTad,<br />

skolas an daxmarebis proeqts). man SeiZleba ise Sekvecon<br />

bavSvis sityvebi, rom azri aRar aRiqmebodes. Tu amis Taobaze<br />

eWvi gagiCndaT, mSvidad, magram mtkiced mosTxoveT,<br />

rom bavSvis saubari sityvasityviT giTargmnoT. Tu saWiroa,<br />

SekiTxva xelmeored dasviT.<br />

bukletSi mocemuli bevri rCeva TarjimnisaTvisac iseve sasar<strong>ge</strong>blo<br />

iqneba, rogorc interviuerisaTvis. Tarjimanic<br />

iseve delikaturad unda moeqces bavSvebs, rogorc Tqven.<br />

urigo ar iqneba, Tu Tarjimani am buklets gaecnoba, gansakuTrebiT<br />

Semdeg nawilebs: gacnoba, gaicaniT erTmaneTi,<br />

„sazRvrebis dad<strong>ge</strong>na“, nu ewinaaRmde<strong>ge</strong>biT imas, rom bavSvi<br />

azrs icvlis.<br />

fotografTan muSaoba<br />

JurnalistebTan erTad xSirad fotografebic arian xolme.<br />

amasTan dakavSirebiTac mTeli rigi sakiTxebia gasaTvaliswinebeli:<br />

• iseTi fotografi SearCieT, visac bavSvebi uyvars da maT­<br />

Tan urTierToba SeuZlia.<br />

• winaswar gaacaniT samuSaos specifika, waakiTxeT am bukletis<br />

is nawilebi, romelic, Tqveni azriT, misTvis sagulisxmo<br />

iqneba.<br />

• uTxariT, rom bavSvebTan muSaoba met dros moiTxovs, vidre<br />

ufrosebTan muSaoba.<br />

• auxseniT, ramdenad mniSvnelovania bavSvebisaTvis is,<br />

rom maT pativs scemdnen.<br />

• urCieT, Tavi aaridos iseTi stereotipebis gamoyenebas,<br />

37

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

romlebic bavSvebs sacodavebad warmoaCenen (garda im<br />

gamonaklisi SemTxvevebisa, rodesac bavSvebis ase warmo­<br />

Cena gamarTlebulia).<br />

• sTxoveT, xelovnuri, arabunebrivi poza ar miaRebinos<br />

bavSvebs fotosuraTze aRbeWdvisas.<br />

• auxseniT, rom fotosuraTebis damatebiTi egzemplarebi<br />

dagWirdebaT bavSvebisaTvis gasagzavnad.<br />

SezRuduli biujetis pirobebSi damatebiTi egzemplarebis<br />

damzadeba ZviradRirebuli siamovnebaa. amitom sTxoveT<br />

fotografs, fotoaparatSi feradi firi Cados, romelsac<br />

sadme kioskSi gaamJRavnebT da ara fotolaboratoriaSi.<br />

amgvarad monawileebs iaf fotosuraTebs gaugzavniT.<br />

fotografs sWirdeba garkveuli Cvevebi, raTa bavSvebma mas­<br />

Tan Tavi Tavisuflad igrZnon. qvemoT mocemulia gamocdili<br />

fotografis, dario mitidieris rCevebi, romelsac bevri<br />

suraTi aqvs indoeTSi gadaRebuli:<br />

- „upirveles yovlisa, bavSvebis mimarT pativiscema da yuradReba<br />

gamoxateT, uCveneT, rom guli SegtkivaT maTze.<br />

- eTamaSeT bavSvebs. bavSvebTan muSaoba did siamovnebas<br />

maniWebs. maTTan rom var, mec bavSvad vgrZnob Tavs, isini<br />

amas xedaven da swored amitom ixsnebian ase iolad CemTan.<br />

maTTan saubari Tu gsurT, muxlebze CaiCoqeT, raTa maT<br />

zemodan ar uyuroT“.<br />

bavSvi araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar moqrTamoT, gvafrTxilebs<br />

dario. roca fotografs dro ar yofnis, mas uCndeba cduneba<br />

bavSvis guli fuliT an saCuqrebiT moigos. magram quCis bavSvebic<br />

ki siamovnebiT Semovlen TqvenTan kontaqtSi, Tu maT<br />

sworad moeqceviT. ai, rogor igonebs dario indoeTSi maTxovar<br />

bavSvebTan muSaobis gamocdilebas: „SuqniSanTan bavSvebi<br />

manqanis fanjarasTan modian da fuls iTxoven. fanjara<br />

Camovwie, gavuRime da gavesaubre, Tumca fuli arc ki Semi­<br />

Tavazebia. isinic siamovnebiT gamomelaparaknen. Tu pirveli<br />

38

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

Sexvedrisas maT ase moeqceviT, ramdenime dRis Semdeg isev iq<br />

Tu dabrundebiT, isini maSinve gicnoben. amis Semdeg ki manqanidan<br />

SegiZliaT gadmoxvideT da esaubroT.“<br />

darios azriT, Tu bavSvs ar surs suraTi gadauRon, mis nebasurvils<br />

pativi unda sceT, magram aTidan cxra bavSvi, masTan<br />

urTierTobis ramdenime saaTis Semdeg, aucileblad Seicvlis<br />

azrs da fotos gad<strong>aReba</strong>ze dagTanxmdebaT. bavSvebis<br />

ndobis mopovebas dro sWirdeba. Tu dainaxes, rom Tqveni<br />

ndoba SeiZleba da TqvenTan urTierToba sasiamovnoa, Tqven­<br />

Tan muSaobasac moindomeben.<br />

fotografisaTvis yvelaze rTuli bavSvebisagan an<br />

ufrosebisagan fotos gadaRebis nebarTvis miRebaa. garda<br />

im gamonaklisi SemTxvevisa, rodesac fotografi ramdenime<br />

dRe erT Temaze muSaobs, is, rogorc wesi, cdilobs xelsayreli<br />

momenti ar dakargos da yvela da yvelaferi „cocxlad“<br />

gadaiRos. aba, sad aris imis dro, rom gad<strong>aReba</strong> Sewyvito<br />

da oficialuri nebarTvis mopovebaze izruno. Tanac Tu<br />

suraTi bunebrivi ar aris, arc mimzidvelia.<br />

„indoeTSi nebarTvis <strong>aReba</strong> ar mWirdeboda,“ ambobs dario. „iq<br />

erTsa da imave bavSvebTan ramdenime dRis ganmavlobaSi vmuSaobdi<br />

da Tu axali vinme SemogvierTdeboda da ikiTxavda, ra<br />

xdeboda, Cems magivrad bavSvebi pasuxobdnen.“<br />

ras akeTebT, roca saqme ise ar midis, rogorc gindaT? „ramdenjer<br />

Semiwyvetia saqme imis gamo, rom araferi gamodioda.<br />

zogjer bandis ufrosis brZanebiT yvela bavSvi erTad mimatovebda<br />

xolme. aseT dros gad<strong>aReba</strong>s vwyvetdi da sxva bavSvebTan<br />

daaxloebas vcdilobdi. anda saqmes meore dRes an<br />

erTi kviris Semdeg vubrundebodi.“<br />

dario gveubneba, rom problemas, rogorc wesi, ufrosebi qmnian<br />

da ara bavSvebi. ufrosebs miaCniaT, rom maT yvelaferSi<br />

cxviris Cayofis ufleba aqvT.<br />

39

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

<strong>intervius</strong> dasruleba<br />

„Tu xelT saintereso siuJeti gqondaT, is<br />

wvalebad Rirda.“<br />

„rodesac bavSvebi saxels ar gveubnebian, isini<br />

bevr rames gviziareben, Zalian piradulsac ki.<br />

maT ar surT, rom vinmem icodes maTi vinaoba.“<br />

interviu organizebulad, <strong>ge</strong>gmis Sesabamisad unda daasruloT.<br />

bavSvebs uTxariT, rodis asrulebT <strong>intervius</strong>, raTa<br />

maT azris gamoTqma moaswron. nu datovebT bavSvebs imedgacruebulebs.<br />

<strong>intervius</strong> bolos gaarkvieT, raime SekiTxva xom ar aqvT.<br />

ucxoeTSi bavSvebi cnobismoyvareni arian, maT ainteresebT,<br />

rogor cxovroben bavSvebi sxva qveynebSi. isini xSirad gabareben<br />

xolme raimes Tqveni qveynis bavSvebTan: „uTxariT inglisel<br />

bavSvebs, rom CvenTan Camovidnen,“ gvTxoves bavSvebma<br />

kalkutaSi. „CvenTan mxolod ufrosebi Camodian, bavSvebi ki<br />

- ara.“<br />

kidev erTxel kiTxeT bavSvebs, raimes amoReba xom ar surT<br />

interviudan. SeiZleba bavSvebi mxolod <strong>intervius</strong> bolos<br />

mixvdnen, rom skolisa da ojaxis Sesaxeb naTqvami maTi sityvebi<br />

guls atkens an raime problemebs Seuqmnis maTTvis<br />

sayvarel adamianebs. mTavari is ki ar aris, ramdenad kargi<br />

da saintereso gamovida Tqveni siuJeti, aramed is, rom bavSvebi<br />

safrTxeSi ar CaagdoT. SesTavazeT saxelis Secvla an<br />

detalebis gadasxvafereba (bavSvma gadawyvetileba TviTon<br />

miiRos). icodeT, rom bavSvis survilis sawinaaRmdegod masalis<br />

gamoqveynebis araviTari moraluri ufleba ar gaqvT.<br />

interviuSi bavSvebi iseT rameze saubroben, razec adre<br />

aravisTan usaubriaT. es didi gamocdaa maTTvis. <strong>intervius</strong><br />

40

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

bolos SeiZleba Zalian aRelvebulni iyvnen. mieciT damSvidebis<br />

dro. kargi iqneba, Tu Tqveni wasvlis Semdeg bavSvebTan<br />

ufrosi adamiani darCeba, romelmac icis, ras Seexeboda<br />

interviu, ra gancdebi daeuflaT bavSvebs da maT agznebuli<br />

mdgomareobidan gamosvlaSi daexmareba.<br />

Tu bavSvs amgvari mdgomareobidan gamosvlaSi ver daexmarebiT,<br />

Tu dro cota gaqvT, Zalian piradul da emociur<br />

sakiTxebs nu SeexebiT, praqtikuli da faqtobrivi sakiTxebiT<br />

dakmayofildiT.<br />

ras miiReben bavSvebi?<br />

moifiqreT, sanacvlod ras pirdebiT bavSvebs, ara saCuqris,<br />

aramed raRac ufro mniSvnelovanis saxiT. Tu interviu<br />

warmatebulad Catarda, man kmayofileba unda agrZnobinos<br />

rogorc bavSvs, ise Jurnalists.<br />

• bavSvebi gulaxdilad saubroben, Tu imas <strong>ge</strong>ubnebian, risi<br />

mosmenac Tqven gsurT?<br />

• moswonT <strong>intervius</strong> aRebis procesi?<br />

• raime axals <strong>ge</strong>buloben?<br />

• SegiZliaT isini axali codniT, interesebiT, gamocdilebiT<br />

gaamdidroT? laparakic ar unda iyos saCuqrebze da<br />

prizebze.<br />

<strong>intervius</strong> safuZvelze Seqmnili produqcia bavSvebsac miawodeT,<br />

iqneba es gamoqveynebuli statia, Canaweri, fotosuraTi<br />

Tu sxva ram. bavSvebs uyvarT amgvari masalis saxlSi an<br />

skolaSi gamofena. oRond iseT rames nu dapirdebiT, rasac<br />

ver SeusrulebT.<br />

41

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

ukukavSiri<br />

TqvenTvis Zalian sasar<strong>ge</strong>blo iqneba, Tu bavSvebs gamokiTxavT,<br />

ras grZnobdnen isini <strong>intervius</strong> dros, ra Se<strong>ge</strong>ZloT<br />

ga<strong>ge</strong>keTebinaT, raTa maT Tavi ufro Tavisuflad egrZnoT.<br />

Tu raimes gagikritikeben, Tavis marTlebas nu SeecdebiT,<br />

ubralod CainiSneT, momavalSi gamogad<strong>ge</strong>baT. rogorc wesi,<br />

bavSvebi gulwrfelebi arian, amitomac maTi SeniSvnebi gansakuTrebiT<br />

faseulia.<br />

gaxsovdeT:<br />

aucileblad<br />

• mousmineT<br />

• TanatoliviT moepyariT bavSvebs<br />

• seriozulad aRiqviT maTi sityvebi<br />

• dasviT Ria SekiTxvebi<br />

• aiReT maTi namdvili saxelisa da gvaris gamoyenebis nebarTva<br />

• mieciT sakmarisi dro, nu aaCqarebT<br />

• auxseniT, ra mizniT iRebT <strong>intervius</strong>.<br />

nurasdros<br />

• nu gamoamJRavnebT bavSvebisadmi mfarvelobT damokidebulebas<br />

• nu daikavebT sivrceSi iseT pozicias, rom bavSvs zemodan<br />

dayurebdeT<br />

• nu moaxvevT Tavs Tqvens azrs<br />

42

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

• nu miscemT sxvebs amis uflebas<br />

• nu gaawyvetinebT<br />

• nu ilaparakebT Tqvens Tavze Zalian bevrs (garda im Sem­<br />

Txvevisa, roca es TviT bavSvebs surT)<br />

• nu gaagrZelebT <strong>intervius</strong>, Tu bavSvs es ar siamovnebs.<br />

SeisveneT, Semdeg kiTxeT, surs Tu ara <strong>intervius</strong><br />

gagrZeleba.<br />

43

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

<strong>intervius</strong> Semdeg<br />

<strong>intervius</strong> damTavrebiT bavSvebTan muSaoba ar sruldeba.<br />

unda gavigoT da vicodeT, ra zegavlena moaxdina <strong>intervius</strong><br />

gamoqveynebam bavSvze. es zegavlena ufro Zlieri SeiZleba<br />

aRmoCndes, vidre moelodiT.<br />

Setyobineba<br />

Tu SesaZlebelia, bavSvebs unda SeatyobinoT, rodis gamoqveyndeba<br />

masala. nu dapirdebiT iseT rames, risi Sesrulebac<br />

ar SegiZliaT. Tu ar iciT, ra bedi eweva Tqvens masalas,<br />

bavSvs amas nu daumalavT.<br />

programis momzadeba<br />

Tu aris amis SesaZlebloba, bavSvebsac miaRebineT monawileoba<br />

programis momzadebaSi. SeiZleba monaxazi uCvenoT da<br />

azri kiTxoT.<br />

Tu bavSvebi srulad SegiZliaT CarToT am procesSi, es<br />

TqvenTvis sasar<strong>ge</strong>blo iqneba. rodesac masalis Segrovebis<br />

Semdeg weras iwyebT, SeiZleba bavSvis TvalTaxedva aRar<br />

Candes da mas mozrdili adamianis TvalTaxedva Seenacvlos.<br />

zogjer es amarTlebs, magram Tu bavSvis mier danaxuli<br />

sinamdvile gsurT aRweroT, masalis momzadebis procesSi<br />

misi aqtiuri monawileoba produqtiulia.<br />

aslis gagzavna<br />

bavSvebs uyvarT mediasTan urTierToba. ar dagaviwydeT maT­<br />

Tvis aslebis gagzavna, radgan Jurnal-gazeTebsa da radioteleviziaze<br />

maT SeiZleba xeli ar miuwvdebodeT.<br />

44

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

Tu SesaZlebelia, suraTebic gaugzavneT. bavSvebs uyvarT<br />

suraTebis Sin Tu skolaSi gamofena. magram Tu suraTze bevri<br />

bavSvia aRbeWdili, yvela bavSvs nu dapirdebiT suraTis<br />

gagzavnas. nurasdros SepirdebiT bavSvebs iseT rames, risi<br />

Sesrulebac Tqvenze ar aris damokidebuli.<br />

kargi iqneba, Tu TqvenTan da masmediasTan urTierToba SemdgomSi<br />

bavSvTa saubrebis saintereso Temad iqceva. <strong>intervius</strong><br />

aRebis mizani isic aris, rom masSi wamoWrili problemebi<br />

sazogadoebam gaanalizos. am problemebis ganxilva skolaSi,<br />

gakveTilebzec unda xdebodes.<br />

Sefaseba<br />

Tu interviu diqtofonze CaiwereT, misi xelaxla mosmenisas<br />

SegiZliaT susti wertilebi daafiqsiroT, rac Semdgom<br />

muSaobaSi da<strong>ge</strong>xmarebaT. Canaweris analizisas Cans, ra gamoiwvia<br />

iman, rom bavSvs saubari SeawyvetineT, an iman, rom iseTi<br />

kiTxva dasviT, romlis Sinaarsic bavSvisTvis gau<strong>ge</strong>bari iyo.<br />

aseve Cans, Tu rodis pasuxobs bavSvi advilad. Tu Canaweris<br />

analizis Cvevas gamoimuSavebT da bavSvTan muSaobas SeafasebT<br />

xolme im mxriv, Tu ramdenad SeaZlebineT mas azris<br />

srulad gamoxatva, saSualeba <strong>ge</strong>qnebaT Tvali miadevnoT<br />

Tqveni muSaobis stilis daxvewas.<br />

ras fiqroben bavSvebi?<br />

rodesac amis SesaZlebloba arsebobs (zogjer mainc), kiTxeT<br />

bavSvebs, romelTaganac interviu aiReT, ras fiqroben<br />

isini gamoqveynebul masalaze. bevr kiTxvas nu dausvamT.<br />

mieciT saSualeba TviTon ilaparakon, Tqven ki mousmineT.<br />

waaxaliseT, Tavisuflad ilaparakon imaze, ra moewonaT da<br />

ra - ara. Tu maT azris gamoTqmis saSualebas miscemT, bevr<br />

saintereso rames gai<strong>ge</strong>bT.<br />

45

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

bavSvebis mimarT pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bloba<br />

„roca gavizrdebi, Jurnalisti gamoval. gazeTSi<br />

muSaobas daviwyeb, mere ki televiziaSi gadaval.<br />

mec minda bavSvebisagan interviu aviRo, vecdebi<br />

gavixseno, bavSvobaSi <strong>intervius</strong> aRebisas ras<br />

vgrZnobdi. bavSvebTan saubris dros yovelTvis<br />

maT adgilas warmovid<strong>ge</strong>n Tavs.“<br />

„radioSi Cveni programebis momzadeba rom<br />

daviwyeT, Zalian vRelavdiT. gvegona, saqveynod<br />

gaviTqvamdiT saxels, magram SevcdiT.“<br />

Jurnalistebs didi pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bloba akisriaT. es pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bloba<br />

bavSvebTan muSaobis dros ormagdeba, radgan<br />

isini ufro mgrZnobiareni, daucvelni da emociurebi arian.<br />

yvela mozrdilebis gulis mo<strong>ge</strong>bas cdilobs, bavSvebi ki naklebad<br />

aRelvebT. Tqven bevri ramis Secvla SegiZliaT, cvlilebaTa<br />

Sedegad ki yvela mxare moi<strong>ge</strong>bs.<br />

• bavSvebisaTvis masmediis xelmisawvdomoba<br />

bavSvebi TavianT azrs masmediis saSualebiT mxolod im Sem­<br />

TxvevaSi gamoxataven, Tu Jurnalistebi maT amis saSualebas<br />

aZleven.<br />

• bavSvebis adekvaturad warmoCena<br />

Tu bavSvebma naxes, rom isini masmediaSi araadekvaturad arian<br />

warmoCenilni, masmediis mimarT maTi ndoba sustdeba.<br />

• bavSvebis eqspluatacia dauSvebelia<br />

<strong>intervius</strong> aRebis dros bavSviT manipulireba iolia, radgan<br />

is aRgznebulia. zogjer Jurnalists hgonia, rom Zvirfasi<br />

masala moipova, sinamdvileSi ki bavSvs guls wyvets, imeds<br />

ucruebs, xolo Jurnalistur standartebs akninebs. Juran­<br />

46

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

listebma ar unda gamosZalon bavSvebs maTTTvis saziano informacia.<br />

pativi vceT bavSvebis pirad cxovrebas<br />

bavSvebs iseTive uflebebi aqvT, rogoric ufrosebs, zogjer<br />

ufro metic. Tu bavSvs <strong>intervius</strong> mocema ar surs, pativi eciT<br />

mis gadawyvetilebas, nurc mSoblebs miscemT imis uflebas,<br />

rom bavSvs interviu iZulebiT moaceminon.<br />

• ra Sedegi SeiZleba moyves Tqvens samuSaos<br />

gaiTvaliswineT, ra Sedegi SeiZleba moyves <strong>intervius</strong>. Tqveni<br />

wasvlis Semdeg bavSvi safrTxis winaSe marto ar unda aRmoCndes.<br />

masTan erTad ufrosi adamiani unda iyos, romlis<br />

mxardaWeris imedic eqneba.<br />

• sanimuSo modeli<br />

masmedias bavSvebze didi zegavlenis moxdena SeuZlia. Tqven­<br />

Tan urTierTobis Semdeg bevri iwyebs Jurnalistobaze ocnebas.<br />

Tqven Zlier gavlenas axdenT maTze, amitom ecadeT<br />

dadebiTi sanimuSo modeli SeuqmnaT.<br />

47

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

damatebiTi literatura<br />

1. p. aldersono. movusminoT bavSvebs: bavSvi, eTika da socialuri<br />

kvleva, Barnardo’s, 1995.<br />

2. m. g. flekoi. xma bavSvisa: bavSvTa ombudsmeni. Jessica Kingsley<br />

Publishers, londoni, gaerTianebuli samefo.<br />

3. k. henberi, s. makkrami. Cven radioSi varT (teqsti da audiofiri)<br />

1. rogor CavrToT bavSvebi radios muSaobaSi janmrTelobis<br />

dacvis sakiTxebis gasaSuqeblad. The Child to Child Trust,<br />

saswavlo saSualebebi iafad PO Box 49, St. Albans, Herts AL1<br />

4AX, gaerTianebuli samefo.<br />

4. r. a. harti. bavSvebis monawileoba: integraciidan moqalaqeobamde.<br />

2. bavSvTa monawileobis Sesaxeb uxvi magaliTebis moSveliebiT.<br />

UNICEF, International Development Centre, Piazza S.S. Annunziata<br />

12, 50122 florencia, italia.<br />

5. e. leirdi. me da Cemi eleqtro. . . unarSezRudul bavSvTa<br />

moTxrobebis krebuli. moamzades wamyvanma mwerlebma.<br />

Mammoth and Save the Children, 1998.<br />

6. n. riCmani. bavSvebTan urTierToba. gamoad<strong>ge</strong>ba yvelas,<br />

vinc gaWirvebaSi Cavardnil bavSvebTan muSaobs. Save the<br />

Children.<br />

7. uCinari bavSvebi: konferenciis Children, Ima<strong>ge</strong>s and Disability<br />

masalebi, 1995 wlis marti. Save the Children.<br />

48

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

gaeros<br />

bavSvis uflebaTa<br />

konvencia<br />

qvemoT mocemulia citatebi bavSvis uflebaTa konvenciidan,<br />

romlebic exmianeba masmediis saqmianobas da <strong>bavSvisagan</strong> <strong>intervius</strong><br />

<strong>aReba</strong>s. konvenciis sruli versia SegiZliaT miiRoT<br />

iunisefis ofisebSi.<br />

oficialuri teqsti<br />

araoficialuri teqsti<br />

muxli 2<br />

1. monawile saxelmwifoebi pativs<br />

scemen da uzrunvelyofen<br />

maTi iurisdiqciis farglebSi<br />

myofi TiToeuli bavSvis yvela<br />

uflebas, romelic winamdebare<br />

konvenciiTaa gaTvaliswinebuli,<br />

nebismieri saxis diskriminaciis<br />

gareSe, rasis, kanis<br />

feris, sqesis, enis, religiis,<br />

politikuri Tu sxva mrwamsis,<br />

erovnuli, eTnikuri Tu socialuri<br />

warmoSobis, qonebrivi<br />

mdgomareobis, bavSvis, misi mSoblebisa<br />

da kanonieri meurveebis<br />

janmrTelobisa da dabadebis<br />

mdgomareobis an sxva ram viTarebis<br />

ganurCevlad.<br />

diskriminaciis<br />

dauSvebloba<br />

konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli<br />

uflebebi Tanabrad<br />

exeba yvela bavSvs yovelgvari<br />

gamonaklisis gareSe.<br />

saxelmwifo valdebulia<br />

daicvas bavSvi diskriminaciis<br />

nebismieri formisagan<br />

da miiRos yvela zoma<br />

misi uflebebis dasacavad.<br />

49

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

2. monawile saxelmwifoebi<br />

yovelgvar aucilebel zomas<br />

Rebuloben diskriminaciis yvela<br />

im formisa da sasjelisagan<br />

bavSvis dacvis uzrunvelsayofad,<br />

romelic ukavSirdeba<br />

bavSvis, bavSvis mSoblebis,<br />

kanonieri meurveebis an ojaxis<br />

sxva wevrTa statuss, saqmianobas,<br />

maT mier gamoTqmul Sexedulebebs<br />

da maT gamJRavnebul<br />

mrwamss.<br />

muxli 3<br />

bavSvis WeSmariti<br />

interesebi<br />

1. bavSvis mimarT nebismier<br />

qmedebaTa ganxorcielebisas,<br />

miuxedavad imisa, Tu vin aris<br />

maTi ganmaxorcielebeli, - saxelmwifo<br />

Tu kerZo dawesebulebebi,<br />

romlebic muSaoben<br />

socialuri uzrunvelyofis<br />

sakiTxebze, sasamarTloebi, administraciuli<br />

Tu sakanonmdeblo<br />

organoebi - upirvelesi<br />

yuradReba eTmoba bavSvis interesebis<br />

dacvis ukeT uzrunvelyofas.<br />

bavSvis mimarT nebismieri<br />

qmedebis ganxorcielebisas<br />

srulad unda iqnes<br />

gaTvaliswinebuli bavSvis<br />

WeSmariti interesebi.<br />

saxelmwifo valdebulia<br />

uzrunvelyos bavSvis Sesabamisi<br />

dacva da misi WeSmariti<br />

interesebis realizeba,<br />

Tu bavSvis mSoblebi<br />

an is pirebi, romelTac<br />

misi dacvis pasuxim<strong>ge</strong>bloba<br />

ekisrebaT, ar asruleben<br />

TavianT movaleobas.<br />

50

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

muxli 12<br />

1. monawile saxelmwifoebi uzrunvelyofen<br />

sakuTari Sexedulebebis<br />

Camoyalibebis unaris<br />

mqone bavSvis uflebas, Tavisuflad<br />

gamoTqvas Tavisi Sexedulebebi<br />

nebismier sakiTxze,<br />

romelic mas exeba, amasTan,<br />

bavSvis Sexedulebebs saTanado<br />

yuradReba eTmoba misi asakisa<br />

da simwifis Sesabamisad.<br />

bavSvis Sexedulebebi<br />

bavSvs ufleba aqvs Tavisuflad<br />

gamoTqvas Tavisi<br />

azri da Sexedulebebi nebismier<br />

sakiTxze, romelic<br />

mas exeba. amasTan, am Sexedulebebs<br />

angariSi unda<br />

gaewios bavSvis bedTan<br />

dakavSirebuli nebismieri<br />

sakiTxis gadawyvetisas.<br />

muxli 13<br />

1. bavSvs ufleba aqvs Tavisuflad<br />

gamoTqvas Tavisi azri; es<br />

ufleba moicavs Tavisuflebas,<br />

sazRvrebis arsebobis miuxedavad<br />

moiZios, miiRos an gadasces<br />

nebismieri saxis informacia an<br />

idea zepiri, werilobiTi Tu be­<br />

Wduri formiT, bavSvis arCevanisamebr.<br />

2. am uflebis ganxorcieleba,<br />

SesaZloa, erTgvarad SeizRudos,<br />

magram es SezRudva kanoniT<br />

gaTvaliswinebuli da aucilebebli<br />

unda iyos:<br />

a) sxva pirTa uflebebisa da<br />

reputaciis pativiscemisaTvis;<br />

b) saxelmwifo uSiSroebis an<br />

sazogadoebrivi wesrigis, an<br />

mosaxleobis janmrTelobis an<br />

zneobis dacvisaTvis.<br />

azris Tavisuflad<br />

gamoxatva<br />

bavSvs ufleba aqvs gamoxatos<br />

Tavisi azri, miiRos da<br />

gaavrcelos informacia,<br />

garda im SemTxvevisa, roca<br />

es xelyofs sxvis uflebas.<br />

51

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

muxli 14<br />

1. monawile saxelmwifoebi pativs<br />

scemen bavSvis azris, sindisis<br />

da religiuri rwmenis Tavisuflebas.<br />

2. monawile saxelmwifoebi pativs<br />

scemen mSobelTa da Sesabamis<br />

SemTxvevaSi kanonier<br />

meurveTa uflebebsa da movaleobebs,<br />

uxelmZRvanelon bavSvs<br />

misi uflebebis im meTodiT<br />

ganxorcielebaSi, romelic Seesatyviseba<br />

bavSvis ganviTarebad<br />

unarebs.<br />

3. religiuri aRmsareblobis an<br />

rwmenis Tavisufleba SeiZleba<br />

daeqvemdebaros mxolod im Sez­<br />

Rudvebs, romlebic dad<strong>ge</strong>nilia<br />

kanoniT da aucilebelia saxelmwifo<br />

uSiSroebis, sazogadoebrivi<br />

wesrigis, mosaxleobis<br />

zneobisa da janmrTelobis<br />

an sxva pirTa ZiriTadi uflebebisa<br />

da Tavisuflebis dacvisaTvis.<br />

azris, sindisisa da<br />

religiis Tavisufleba<br />

saxelmwifo valdebulia<br />

pativi sces bavSvis uflebas,<br />

sar<strong>ge</strong>blobdes azris,<br />

sindisisa da religiis TavisuflebiT,<br />

mSoblebis<br />

mxridan Sesabamisi xelmZRvanelobis<br />

gaTvaliswinebiT.<br />

52

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

muxli 16<br />

1. arc erTi bavSvi ar SeiZleba<br />

iyos piradi da ojaxuri<br />

cxovrebis, sacxovrebeli binis<br />

xelSeuxeblobis an korespondenciis<br />

saidumloebis uflebaTa<br />

mis mier ganxorcielebaSi<br />

TviTneburi an ukanono Carevis,<br />

an misi Rirsebisa da reputaciis<br />

ukanono xelyofis obieqti.<br />

2. bavSvs ufleba aqvs, kanoniT<br />

iyos daculi msgavsi Carevis an<br />

xelyofisagan.<br />

piradi cxovrebis dacva<br />

bavSvs aqvs ufleba daculi<br />

iyos piradi da ojaxuri<br />

cxovrebis, sacxovrebeli<br />

binis xelSeuxeblobis<br />

an korespondenciis<br />

saidumloebis uflebaTa<br />

mis mier ganxorcieleba­<br />

Si TviTneburi an ukanono<br />

Carevis, an misi Rirsebisa<br />

da reputaciis ukanono xelyofisagan.<br />

muxli 17<br />

monawile saxelmwifoebi aRiareben<br />

masobrivi informaciis<br />

saSualebaTa mniSvnelovan<br />

rols da uzrunvelyofen bavSvisaTvis<br />

sxvadasxva erovnuli<br />

da saerTaSoriso wyaroebiT<br />

gavrcelebuli informaciisa da<br />

masalebis misawvdomobas, gansakuTrebiT<br />

iseTi informaciisa<br />

da masalebisa, romlebic mimar­<br />

Tulia bavSvis socialuri, sulieri<br />

da moraluri keTildReobisaken,<br />

agreTve jansaRi fizikuri<br />

da fsiqikuri ganviTarebis<br />

xelSewyobisaken. am mizniT<br />

monawile saxelmwifoebi -<br />

informaciis<br />

misawvdomoba<br />

saxelmwifom unda uzrunvelyos<br />

bavSvisaTvis erovnuli<br />

da saerTaSoriso<br />

wyaroebiT gavrcelebuli<br />

informaciisa da masalebis<br />

misawvdomoba, waaxalisos<br />

masobrivi informaciis<br />

saSualebaTa mier im informaciisa<br />

da masalebis<br />

gavrceleba, romelic sasar<strong>ge</strong>bloa<br />

bavSvis socialuri<br />

da kulturuli ganviTarebis<br />

TvalsazrisiT,<br />

da miiRos zomebi im saxis<br />

informaciisagan bavSvis<br />

dasacavad, romelic sazianoa<br />

misi keTildReobisa­<br />

Tvis.<br />

53

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

a) axdenen masobrivi informaciis<br />

saSualebebiT im informaciisa<br />

da masalebis gavrcelebis<br />

waxalisebas, romelic sasar<strong>ge</strong>bloa<br />

bavSvis socialuri da<br />

kulturuli ganviTarebis<br />

TvalsazrisiT da gamoxatavs<br />

29-e muxlis (ganaTlebis miznebi)<br />

suliskveTebas;<br />

b) axdenen saerTaSoriso TanamSromlobis<br />

waxalisebas sxvadasxva<br />

kulturuli, erovnuli da<br />

saerTaSoriso wyaroebidan mopovebuli<br />

amgvari informaciisa<br />

da masalebis momzadebis, gacvlisa<br />

da gavrcelebis mizniT;<br />

g) axdenen sabavSvo literaturis<br />

gamocemisa da gavrcelebis<br />

waxalisebas;<br />

d) axdenen masobrivi informaciis<br />

saSualebebis waxalisebas,<br />

raTa maT gansakuTrebuli yuradReba<br />

dauTmon im bavSvis enobriv<br />

moTxovnilebebs, romelic<br />

miekuTvneba romelime umciresobis<br />

jgufs an mkvidr mosaxleobas;<br />

e) axdenen im saxis informaciisa<br />

da masalebisagan bavSvis dacvis<br />

saTanado principebis SemuSavebis<br />

waxalisebas, romelic sazianoa<br />

misi keTildReobisaTvis,<br />

me-13 da me-18 (mSobelTa pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bloba)<br />

muxlebis debulebaTa<br />

gaTvaliswinebiT.<br />

54

avSvisagan <strong>intervius</strong> <strong>aReba</strong><br />

presis muSakTa profesiuli kodeqsi<br />

am kodeqsSi mocemulia gaerTianebuli samefos presis muSak­<br />

Ta standartebi. kerZod, me-6 muxlSi naTqvamia:<br />

(II) Jurnalists 16 welze naklebi asakis bavSvebisTvis fotos<br />

gadaRebis an maTgan <strong>intervius</strong> aRebis ufleba ar aqvs<br />

mSoblebis an sxva pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>beli mozrdili adamianebis<br />

Tandaswrebis an maTgan Tanxmobis miRebis gareSe, gansakuTrebiT<br />

maSin, Tu sakiTxi bavSvebis keTildReobas exeba.<br />

(III) skolaSi, misi xelmZRvanelobis nebarTvis gareSe, akrZalulia<br />

moswavlesTan miaxloeba an misTvis suraTis<br />

gad<strong>aReba</strong>.<br />

(IV) arasrulwlovani bavSvebis Sesaxeb miRebuli informaciis<br />

raime formiT anazRaureba bavSvisaTvis, misi mSoblebis<br />

an meurveebisaTvis gaumarTlebelia, Tu es uSualod<br />

bavSvis sakeTildReod ar keTdeba.<br />

(V) Tu gamosaqveynebeli masala bavSvis pirad cxovrebas<br />

exeba, igi gamyarebuli unda iyos garkveuli faqtobrivi<br />

monacemebiT, magram ara mSoblebis an meurvis saxelis da<br />

Tanamdebobis dafiqsirebiT, maT reputaciaze apelirebiT.<br />

55

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