saqarTvelos parlamentis aparati
saqarTvelos parlamentis aparati
saqarTvelos parlamentis aparati
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<strong>saqarTvelos</strong> <strong>parlamentis</strong> <strong>aparati</strong><br />
kvleviTi departamenti<br />
kanonSemoqmedebiTi saqmianobis sainformacio uzrunvelyofis ganyofileba<br />
sainformacio furceli<br />
kanonproeqtisTvis<br />
"ტერორიზმთან ბრძოლის შესახებ", "საქართველოს სისხლის სამართლის<br />
საპროცესო კოდექსში ცვლილების შეტანის შესახებ", "პროკურატურის შესახებ"<br />
საქართველოს ორგანულ კანონში ცვლილების შეტანის თაობაზე"<br />
kanonebi terorizmis winaaRmdeg demokratiul qveynebSi<br />
terorizmTan brZolisa da terorizmis prevenciis mizniT bolo wlebSi<br />
demokratiuli qveynebi iZulebulni gaxdnen SeecvalaT arsebuli<br />
sakanonmdeblo baza. miuxedavad imisa, rom teroristuli qmedebebi,<br />
rogorebicaa mkvleloba, gataceba, qonebis dazianeba da sxv., isedac<br />
eqvemdebarebodnen sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeblobas, specialuri<br />
kanonebisa da arsebul kanonebSi cvlilebebis miReba aucilebelia, raTa<br />
saxelmwifos mieces damatebiTi saSualebebi efeqturad ebrZolos<br />
terorizms. es damatebiTi normebi moicaven pasuxismgeblobas iseTi<br />
qmedebebisTvis, rac Cveulebriv ar iyo akrZaluli, magaliTad,<br />
teroristuli jgufisTvis finansuri saxsrebis Segroveba, agitacia da<br />
axali wevrebis rekrutireba, maTTvis nebismieri daxmarebis aRmoCena (mag.<br />
TavSesafari) da sxv. axali kanonmdebloba aseve afarTovebs specialuri<br />
da sadazvervo samsaxurebis uflebamosilebas Seagrovon informacia<br />
teroristruli organizaciebis Sesaxeb, gaaZlieron kontrdazverviTi<br />
muSaoba teroristuli organizaciebis winaaRmdeg da daakavon pirebi jer<br />
kide teroristuli aqtis momzadebis etapze.<br />
amave dros, daculi unda iyos wonasworoba, moqalaqeTa usafrTxoebis<br />
uzrunvelyofasa da adamianis uflebebis dacvas Soris, raTa<br />
antiteroristulma zomebma ar gamoiwvios adamianis uflebebis seriozuli<br />
darRveva.<br />
kvleviTi departamenti 1
antiteroristuli kanonmdebloba moicavs ramdenime sferos, romlebsac<br />
qvemoT ganvixilavT.<br />
1. saerTaSoriso xelSukrulebebi<br />
gaeros miRebuli aqvs 12 xelSekruleba da protokoli, romlebic<br />
dakavSirebulia terorizmis winaaRmdeg brZolasTan. es xelSekrulebebi<br />
gansazRvraven samoqalaqo aviaciis, aeroportebis, naosnobis,<br />
diplomatiuri korpusis da sxv. dacvas. yvela qveyana mowodebulia<br />
miuerTdes maT. es xelSekrulebebi afarToveben qveynis kanonmdeblobas da<br />
damatebiT saSulebebs aZleven xelisuflebebs ebrZolon teroristul<br />
safrTxeebs qveynis SigniT da mis farglebs gareT.<br />
saerTaSoriso antiteroristuli xelSekrulebi da konvenciebi moicavs<br />
garkveuli zomebs, romelTa miReba teroristul organizaciebs<br />
gaurTulebs finansuri saxsrebis Segrovebasa da gamoyenebas. es<br />
dokumentebi iTvaliswineben fuladi angariSebis gayinvas da qonebis<br />
gankargvis SeCerebas, romlebic terorizmSi SemCneul pirebsa da<br />
organizaciebs ekuTvniT.<br />
axali teroristuli qmedebebi axal gamowvevas warmoadgens msoflio<br />
TanamegobrobisTvis. teroristul aqtebs xSirad TviTmkvleli<br />
teroristebi axorcieleben, romelTaTvis, bunebrivia, teroristuli<br />
aqtisaTvis sasjelis simkacres araviTari mniSvneloba ar aqvs.<br />
teroristuli aqtis Semdeg, rogorc wesi, uSualo Semsruleblebi aRar<br />
arian cocxlebi. amitom gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eniWeba<br />
xelisuflebis mxridan iseT prevenciul zomebs, rogorebicaa dazverva da<br />
eWvmitanilTa adreul etapze dakaveba da aseve, im pirTa samarTlebrivi<br />
devna, vinc teroristul saqmianobas xels uwyobs.<br />
2. terminis “teroristuli qmedeba” ganmarteba<br />
”teroristuli qmedeba” ganisazRvreba rogorc qmedeba an qmedebis<br />
muqara, romelic emsaxureba politikur, religiur an ideologiur miznebs<br />
da romelic safrTxes uqmnis sazogadoebriv da erovnul usafrTxoebas<br />
mkvlelobebiT, fizikuri zianis miyenebiT da muqariT, qonebis<br />
kvleviTi departamenti 2
mniSvnelolovani materialuri zianis miyenebiT, da am qmedebis mizania<br />
adamianebisTvis zianis miyeneba mniSvnelovani samsaxurebis, sistemebis da<br />
danadgarebis mwyobridan gamoyvanis gziT.<br />
aseve, “teroristul qmedebad” SeiZleba CaiTvalos is qmedebebi,<br />
romlebic eqcevian samarTaldarRvevis qveS im saerTaSoriso<br />
antiteroristuli xelSekrulebis mixedviT, romelsac qveyana SeuerTda.<br />
ganmarteba unda iyos maqsimalurad mkafio, rom cxadi iyos, rom<br />
mniSvnelovani samsaxurebis, sistemebis da danadgarebis muSaobis darRveva,<br />
Tu is gamowveulia kanonieri protestis an gaficvis Sedegad da miznad ar<br />
isaxavs moqalaqeTaTvis seriozuli zianis miyenebas, ar niSnavs<br />
teroristul aqts.<br />
3. teroristuli saqmianobis aRmoCena, dadgena, samarTlebrivi devna da<br />
gansja<br />
terorizmTan brZolis specialuri kanoni da cvlilebebi arsebul<br />
kanonebSi emsaxureba imas, rom piri, romelic gacnobierebulad agrovebs<br />
fulad saxsrebs imisaTvis, rom pirdapiri an arapirdapiri gziT xeli<br />
Seuwyos teroristuli aqtis ganxorcielebas, eqvemdebareba sasjels,<br />
Tundac amgavari danaSauli qveynis farglebs gareT iqnas Cadenili.<br />
aseve, samarTlebriv devnas da sasjels eqvemdebareba teroristuli<br />
jgufis saqmianobis mxardaWera, misTvis axali wevrebis rekrutireba da<br />
sxv.. anu iseTi saqmianoba, romelsac Cveulebriv ar iTvaliswinebs sisxlis<br />
samarTlis kanonmdebloba.<br />
instruqtireba teroristuli aqtis aRsrulebisTvis, Cveulebriv, iwvevs<br />
sasjelis mkacr zomas, samudamo patimrobis CaTvliT.<br />
teroristis gacnobierebulad Sefarva aseve eqvemdebareba sasjels.<br />
sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobaSi aseve SeaqvT cvlileba imisaTvis,<br />
rom teroristul saqmianobasTan dakavSirebiT gansjili ar<br />
daeqvemdebaros droze adre ganTavisuflebas. es analogiuri zomebia imisa,<br />
rac organizebul danaSaulSi monawileebis mimarT gamoiyeneboda.<br />
aseve, kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebs saqvelmoqmedo organizaciis<br />
statusis CamorTmevas im organizaciebisa da fondebisaTvis, romlebsac<br />
kvleviTi departamenti 3
daumtkicdebaT teroristuli organizaciebis dafinanseba da maT amisTvis<br />
exsnebaT yovelgvari sagadasaxado SeRavaTi.<br />
4. damatebiTi sagamoZiebo saSualebebi<br />
teroristuli organizaciebi Tavis saqmianobaSi iyeneben Tanamedrove<br />
teqnologiur saSualebebs, sainformacio teqnologiebis CaTvliT.<br />
mniSvnelovania, rom sagamoZiebo samsaxurebs hqondeT Sesabamisi<br />
saSualebebi da uflebamosilebebi, rom efeqturad eZebon da gamoiZion<br />
teroristuli jgufebi da maTgan momavali safrTxeebi. aseve uaRresad<br />
mniSvnelovania, rom mas Semdeg, rac mokvleva da gamoZieba Catardeba da<br />
danaSauli da misgan gamomdinare safrTxe safuZvlianad dadgindeba, unda<br />
moxdes potenciuri teroristis dakaveba.<br />
es zomebi gulisxmobs Semdegs:<br />
4.1. eleqtronuli TvalTvali.<br />
sagamoZiebo samsaxurebs eZlevaT ufleba uTvalTvalon teroristul<br />
saqmianobaSi eWvmitanilebs (telefonis mosmena, eleqtronuli fostis<br />
kontroli da sxv.). amgvari uflebamosilebebi farTovdeba. amave dros,<br />
SenarCunebulia kontroli sasamarTlo xelisuflebis mxridan (rogorc<br />
wesi, saWiroa sasamarTlos dasturi TvalTvalis warmoebaze). garda amisa,<br />
garkveuli drois gasvlis Semdeg aucilebelia eWvmitanilis informireba,<br />
rom masze xorcieldeboda TvalTvali.<br />
4.2. kanonmdebloba icvleba, Tu aris kontrdazverviTi saqmianobis<br />
gaZlierebis aucilebloba saxelmwifos mxridan potenciuri teroristuli<br />
jgufebis winaaRmdeg. amgvari kanonmdeblobis mizania ukeT iyos daculi<br />
saxelmwifo saidumloebebi da droulad gamovlindes teroristuli<br />
jgufebis mier dazvervis mcdelobebi rogorc qveyanaSi, aseve mis<br />
sazRvrebs gareT.<br />
4.3. kanonmdebloba amartivebs prevenciuli dakavebis proceduras,<br />
rodesac arsebobs eWvi teroristuli aqtis dagegmvis Sesaxeb (adaminTa<br />
daRupvis riskis Semcirebis mizniT).<br />
4.4. kanonmdeblobam SeiZleba gaaadvilos terorizmSi eWvmitanilTa<br />
genetikuri (DNA) informaciis monacemTa bazis Seqmna.<br />
kvleviTi departamenti 4
5. Sekavebisa da gawonasworebis meqanizmi (Checks and Balances)<br />
kanonmdebloba icvleba imisaTvis, rom qveyanam upasuxos Tanamedrove<br />
terorizmis safrTxeebs da misces mTavrobas Sesabamisi instrumentebi<br />
terorizmTan sabrZolvelad. amave dros, kanonmdeblobis paketi unda<br />
Seicavdes Sekavebisa da gawonasworebis meqanizmebs imisaTvis, raTa<br />
SenarCunebul iqnas qveynis sakanonmdeblo sistema, romlis umTavresi<br />
principi aris pirovnebis uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis dacva.<br />
Sekavebisa da gawonasworebis meqanizmi SeiZleba Seicavdes Semdegs:<br />
• <strong>parlamentis</strong> mier antiteroristuli kanonmdeblobis regularuli<br />
ganxilva (3-5 weliwadSi erTxel);<br />
• terorizmis da teroristuli saqmianobis zusti gansazRvreba,<br />
raTa am kanonmdeblobis gamo ar moxdes politikuri saqmianobis<br />
akrZalva, romelic SeiZleba Seicavdes legitimuri protestis<br />
sxvadasxva formebs;<br />
• udanaSaulobis prezumfciis ganuxrelad dacva. xelisuflebam<br />
yovel konkretul SemTxvevaSi unda daamtkicos, rom marTlac<br />
hqonda adgili teroristuli saqmianobis dagegmvas an mis<br />
xelSewyobas;<br />
• teroristTa siaSi moxvedrilTaTvis am siidan amoRebis<br />
gaadvileba im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac eWvi teroristul qmedebaSi<br />
maTi monawileobis Sesaxeb ar marTldeba;<br />
• sxva zomebi, romlebic gulisxmoben sasamarTlo xelisuflebis<br />
Tanxmobas konkretuli antiteroristuli qmedebis<br />
ganxorcielebisTvis.<br />
Semsrulebeli: wamyvani specialisti levan abaSiZe 27.02.07<br />
kvleviTi departamenti 5
literatura da wyaroebi:<br />
1. The Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to<br />
Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (Public Law 107-56) (Patriotic Act)<br />
(aSS 2001 wlis kanoni - amerikis gaerTianeba da gaZliereba Sesabamisi<br />
instrumentebis uzrunvelyofiT, romelic aucilebelia terorizmTan<br />
brZolisa da winaaRdgomisTvis (patriotuli aqti)). (kanonidan amonaridi<br />
komentarebiT).<br />
http://leahy.senate.gov/press/200110/102401a.html<br />
2. ANTI-TERRORISM, CRIME AND SECURITY BILL<br />
(britaneTis kanoni: antiterorizmi, danaSauli da usafrTxoeba).<br />
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmbills/049/en/02049x--.htm<br />
3. Highlights of Anti-Terrorism Act<br />
(kanadis antiteroristuli kanonis Sesaxeb).<br />
http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/terrorism/terrorism3a.htm<br />
kvleviTi departamenti 6
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