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saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgia<strong>gaerosa</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>evropis</strong> <strong>sabWos</strong> <strong>antikorufciuli</strong><strong>konvenciebisa</strong> <strong>da</strong> saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobisS e d a r e b i T ia n a l i z i2005 wlis Teberval-aprilSi “saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTvelom”,saqarTvelos parlamentis iuridiul sakiTxTa komitetTan erTad, SeiswavlasaqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisoba <strong>gaerosa</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>evropis</strong> <strong>sabWos</strong><strong>antikorufciuli</strong> konvenciebis moTxovnebTan <strong>da</strong> moamza<strong>da</strong> dokumenti, romelSicwarmodgenilia aRniSnul konvenciebsa <strong>da</strong> saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobas Sorisarsebuli gansxvavebebi. ganxilul iqna Semdegi konvenciebi:• gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis konvencia korufciis winaaRmdeg;• gaeTianebuli erebis organizaciis konvencia transnacionaluri organizebuli<strong>da</strong>naSaulis winaaRmdeg;• korufciaze sisxlis samarTlis konvencia, <strong>evropis</strong> sabWo;• korufciaze samoqalaqo samarTlis konvencia, <strong>evropis</strong> sabWo.am konvenciebs Soris erTi - “korufciaze samoqalaqo samarTlis konvencia”, <strong>evropis</strong>sabWo - ukve ratificirebulia saqarTvelos mier. gaeros <strong>antikorufciuli</strong>konvenciis (“gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis konvencia korufciis winaaRmdeg”)Sesaxeb gasuli wlis 9 dekembers, saerTaSoriso antikorufciul dRes, saqarTvelosparlamentma miiRo <strong>da</strong>dgenileba, romliTac prezidens sTxova, xeli moewerakonvenciisTvis <strong>da</strong> is saratifikaciod parlamentSi waredgina. imave dRes“saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTvelom” <strong>da</strong> iuridiul sakiTxTa <strong>da</strong> sagareourTierTobaTa komitetebma xeli moaweros urTierTgagebis memorandums, romlisTanaxma<strong>da</strong>c mxareebi SeTanxmdnen antikorufciul sferoSi saqarTvelossakanonmdeblo bazis ganmtkicebis mizniT TanamSromlobaze.warmodgenili “saerTaSoriso <strong>antikorufciuli</strong> <strong>konvenciebisa</strong> <strong>da</strong> saqarTveloskanonmdeblobis Se<strong>da</strong>rebiTi analizi” am miznis misaRwevad ga<strong>da</strong>dgmul erT-erTinabijia. <strong>gaerosa</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>evropis</strong> <strong>sabWos</strong> <strong>antikorufciuli</strong> konvenciebis saqarTvelosTvissavaldebulo Zalis miniWeba mniSvnelovnad Seuwyobs xels saqarTveloSi mimdinarekorufciis winaaRmdeg brZolasa <strong>da</strong> qveynis erTian saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivsivrceSi integracias.dRes ukve sayovelTaod aRiarebulia, rom korufcia ar aris mxolod lokaluriproblema, rom is transnacionaluri movlenaa <strong>da</strong> mis winaaRmdeg brZolasaerTaSoriso TanamSromlobas saWiroebs. am sferoSi sakuTari Zalebis efeqtianobisuzrunvelyofis mizniT saqarTvelom mWidrod un<strong>da</strong> iTanamSromlos rogorc qveynisSigniT, ise mis gareT arsebul sazogadoebriv organizaciebTan, samoqalaqosazogadoebis sxva warmomadgenlebTan <strong>da</strong> calkeul saxelmwifoebsa <strong>da</strong> saxelmwifoTajgufebTan.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge1
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International GeorgiaI. “gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis konvenciakorufciis winaaRmdeg” <strong>da</strong> saqarTvelosmoqmedi kanonmdebloba2000 wlis 4 dekembris #55/61 rezoluciiT generalurma asambleam cno, romsasurveli iyo korufciis winaaRmdeg efeqturi saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi aqtisSeqmna <strong>da</strong>moukideblad „transnacionaluri organizebuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulis SesaxebgaerTianebuli erebis konvenciisa“ <strong>da</strong> miiRo ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetileba, Camoeyalibebinaspecialuri komiteti, romelic warmarTav<strong>da</strong> molaparakebebs mocemul sakiTxze.aRniSnuli komiteti <strong>da</strong>fuZn<strong>da</strong> venaSi, saerTaSoriso <strong>da</strong>naSaulis prevenciisStabbinaSi, narkotikebis kontrolisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>naSaulis prevenciis ofisSi. teqstisSemuSaveba mimdinareob<strong>da</strong> 2002 wlis 21 ianvri<strong>da</strong>n 2003 wlis 1 oqtombramde,specialuri komitetis Svidi sxdomis ganmavlobaSi.specialuri komitetis mier <strong>da</strong>mtkicebuli konvencia generalurma asambleam miiRo2003 wlis 31 oqtombris #58/4 rezoluciiT. konvencia cnobilia SemdegisaxelwodebiT: „gaeros konvencia korufciis winaaRmdeg“. masze xelmoweriskonferencia gaimarTa meqsikis qalaq meri<strong>da</strong>Si, sa<strong>da</strong>c asambleam miiwvia yvelasaxelmwifo. 118 xelmomwer saxelmwifoTagan 15-ma ukve <strong>da</strong>asrula konvenciasTanmierTebis procedura. es saxelmwifoebia: alJiri, benini, el-salvadori, quveiTi,ma<strong>da</strong>gaskari, mavrikia, meqsika, namibia, nigeria, peru, rumineTi, siera lione, samxreTafrika, Srilanka <strong>da</strong> ugan<strong>da</strong>. mocemuli konvenciis amoqmedebisaTvis saWiroa amdokumentis aranakleb 30 qveynis mier ratificireba (mux. 68.2).2005 wlis 9 dekembers, saerTaSoriso antikorufciul dRes, saqarTvelosparlamentma miiRo <strong>da</strong>dgenileba, romliTac sTxova prezidents, xeli moaweros„gaeros konvencias korufciis winaaRmdeg“ <strong>da</strong> warudginos is parlamentssaratifikaciod.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge2
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgia„gaeros konvencia korufciis winaaRmdeg“ yuradRebas amaxvilebs or ZiriTadsakiTxze: 1. korufciis prevenciisa <strong>da</strong> misi gamovlenis mizniT <strong>da</strong>matebiTiRonisZiebebis SemoRebasa <strong>da</strong> 2. korufciasTan brZolis sferoSi saerTaSorisoTanamSromlobis ganmtkicebaze.korufciis prevenciakonvencia gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas aniWebs <strong>da</strong>naSaulis prevenciis sakiTxs. amTemas exeba mTeli Tavi, sa<strong>da</strong>c gaTvaliswinebulia rogorc sajaro, ise kerZoseqtorSi gasatarebeli RonisZiebebi. kerZod, dokumenti ganmartavs, Tu ra saxiTun<strong>da</strong> moxdes korufciis prevencia iseT sferoebSi, rogoricaa: sajaro TanamdebobispirTa SerCeva, <strong>da</strong>winaureba <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>Txovna; saxelmwifo Sesyidvebi; saxelmwifofinansebis marTva; sasamarTlo sistema; prokuraturis organoebi; sabuRaltroaRricxva; auditoruli stan<strong>da</strong>rebi <strong>da</strong> sxv.konvenciis Tanaxmad, mxareebma un<strong>da</strong> uzrunvelyon, rom maT sajaro samsaxurebSimiRebul iqnas Sesabamisi zomebi, raTa xeli Seewyos kadrebis SerCevis, <strong>da</strong>winaurebis,ganaxlebisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>Txovnis procedurebis gamWvirvalobas, rac Tavis mxriv, sajaromoxeleTa piradi <strong>da</strong>msaxurebebiTa <strong>da</strong> unar-CvevebiT un<strong>da</strong> iyos ganpirobebuli.konvencia agreTve mxars uWers saxelmwifo finansebTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul sakiTxebzegamWvirvalobisa <strong>da</strong> angariSvaldebulebis gazr<strong>da</strong>s <strong>da</strong> korufciis prevenciis mizniTspecialuri moTxovnebis <strong>da</strong>wesebas sajaro seqtoris iseT mniSvnelovan sferoebSi,rogoric aris marTlmsajuleba <strong>da</strong> saxelmwifo Sesyidvebi.korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolis efeqturobis gazrdis mizniT konvencia, msgavsisamarTlebrivi aqtebisgan gansxvavebiT, axdens korufciul qmedebaTa ara mxolodZiriTadi formebis (qrTami, saxelmwifo qonebis gaflangva <strong>da</strong> a.S.), aramed iseTqmedebaTa kriminalizaciasac, rogoric aris korufciuli zemoqmedeba (zegavleniTvaWroba), korufciuli qmedebis Sedegad miRebuli sargeblis floba <strong>da</strong> “gaTeTreba”,marTlmsajulebisaTvis xelis SeSla <strong>da</strong> sxv.konvenciiT warmodgenil siaxles warmoadgens agreTve korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolakerZo seqtorSi.korufciis prevenciis erT-erT mniSvnelovan meqanizmad konvenciaSi sazogadoebismxar<strong>da</strong>Wera ganixileba. am kuTxiT aRniSnuli dokumenti mouwodebs wevrsaxelmwifoebs, xeli Seuwyon sazogadoebrivi organizaciebisa <strong>da</strong> samoqalaqosazogadoebis sxva elementebis CarTvas korufciis winaaRmdeg mimarTul qmedebebsa<strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebebis miRebis procesebSi.saerTaSoriso TanamSromlobakonvencia did mniSvnelobas aniWebs korufciasTan brZolis sferoSi wevrsaxelmwifoebs Soris TanamSromlobis sakiTxs. aRniSnuli aqtis safuZvelze mxareebiTanxmdebian, iTanamSromlon korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolis yvela etapze (prevencia,gamoZieba, gansja).konvencia avaldebulebs mxareebs, Camoayalibon sasamarTloSi gamosayenebelimtkicebulebebis Sekreba-ga<strong>da</strong>gzavnisa <strong>da</strong> samarTal<strong>da</strong>mrRvevTa eqstradiciis26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 01083Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International GeorgiasamarTlebrivi urTierT<strong>da</strong>xmarebis specialuri formebi. wevri saxelmwifoebi asevevaldebulni arian, miiRon zomebi korufciis Sedegad miRebuli sargeblis mokvlevis,gayinvis, <strong>da</strong>ya<strong>da</strong>Rebisa <strong>da</strong> konfiskaciis xelSewyobisaTvis.konvenciis erT-erT novacias warmoadgens aqtivebis <strong>da</strong>brunebis sakiTxzesaxelmwifoTa SeTanxmeba, rac mocemuli aqtiT gansazRvrulia, rogorc “konvenciisfun<strong>da</strong>menturi principi”. dokumenti gansazRvravs am sferoSi saerTaSorisoTanamSromlobisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>xmarebis aRmoCenis konkretul formebs. kerZod, konvenciisTanaxmad, saxelmwifo saxsrebis <strong>da</strong>tacebis SemTxvevaSi, konfiskacias<strong>da</strong>qvemdebarebuli qoneba un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>ubrundes momTxovn saxelmwifos. konvenciiTgaTvaliswinebuli sxva kategoriis samarTal<strong>da</strong>rRvevebiT miRebuli sargebelisSemTxvevaSi qonebis <strong>da</strong>bruneba SesaZlebelia, Tu warmodgenili iqneba sakuTrebisuflebis <strong>da</strong>ma<strong>da</strong>sturebeli sabuTi, an momTxovni saxelmwifosaTvis miyenebuli zianiscnobis sabuTi.konvenciis 51-e muxli warmoSobis qveynebisaTvis aqtivebis <strong>da</strong>brunebas konvenciisfun<strong>da</strong>mentur principad aRiarebs. 43-e muxli ki, avaldebulebs wevr saxelmwifoebs,gazardon konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebul samarTal<strong>da</strong>rRvevebze gamoZiebasa <strong>da</strong> braldebiswardgenaSi SesaZlo TanamSromloba.aqtivebis <strong>da</strong>brunebis mimarTebaSi mocemuli muxli agreTve iTvaliswinebs Semdegs:“saerTaSoriso TanamSromlobis sakiTxebTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT, rodesac aucilebeliaSesabamisi qmedebis <strong>da</strong>naSaulad ormxrivad cnobis principis <strong>da</strong>cva, es principi<strong>da</strong>culad CaiTvleba miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, Setanilia Tu ara moTxovnis mimRebi monawilesaxelmwifos kanonmdeblobaSi Sesabamisi qmedeba <strong>da</strong>naSaulad imave kategoriaSi anaRwers Tu ara igi mas iseTive terminebiT, rogorc moTxovnis warmdgeni monawilesaxelmwifo, Tu qmedeba, romelic qmnis <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Semadgenlobas, <strong>da</strong> ris gamocmoTxovnilia <strong>da</strong>xmarebis gaweva sisxlissamarTlebrivad <strong>da</strong>sjadia orive monawilesaxelmwifos kanonmdeblobiT”.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge4
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgiagansxvavebebi saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobasa <strong>da</strong>ganxilul konvencias Soris„gaeros korufciis winaaRmdeg konvenciasTan“ saqarTvelos mierTebis SemTxvevaSisaqarTvelos parlamentis mier gasatarebeli iqneba garkveuli sakanonmdebloRonisZiebebi, rom moxdes saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis konvenciasTan SesabamisobaSimoyvana. qvemoT mocemulia konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli debulebebisa <strong>da</strong>saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvruli normebis Se<strong>da</strong>rebiTi analizi:konvenciiT mocemuli Tanamdebobis piris cneba ufro farToa, vidre essaqarTvelos kanonmdebloT aris gansazRvruli:konvenciis me-2 muxlis “a” punqtis Tanaxmad, sajaro Tanamdebobis piri aris “wevrsaxelmwifos sakanonmdeblo, aRmasrulebel, administraciul an sasamarTloorganoSi nebismieri <strong>da</strong>niSvniTi an arCeviTi Tanamdebobis piri, romelsac ukaviamudmivi an droebiTi Tanamdeboba Sesabamisi SromiTi anazRaurebis an mis gareSe<strong>da</strong>kavebuli Tanamdebobis miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad... nebismieri sxva piri, romelic asrulebs raimesajaro funqcias, maT Soris sajaro uwyebisaTvis an sajaro sawarmosaTvis, anaxorcielebs raime saxis sajaro momsaxurebas, rogorc es gansazRvrulia wevrsaxelmwifos Si<strong>da</strong> kanonmdeblobiT <strong>da</strong> rogorc es gamoiyeneba am wevr saxelmwifossamarTlebrivi regulirebis Sesabamis sferoSi... nebismieri sxva piri, romelicmonawile saxelmwifos Si<strong>da</strong> kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvrulia, rogorc “sajaroTanamdebobis piri”.saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi” ar iZleva Tanamdebobis piris cnebas.“sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis” 44-e muxlis 47-e nawilis Tanaxmad:“Tanamdebobis piri (romlis mimarTac xorcieldeba sisxlis samarTalwarmoeba) amkanonis miznebisaTvis aris “sajaro samsaxurSi interesTan SeuTavseblobisa <strong>da</strong>korufciis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanonis me-2 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuliTanamdebobis piri, sajaro moxele, sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirisxelmZRvaneli an misi moadgile, an sawarmoSi, romelSic saxelmwifo flobs wilis(aqciaTa) 50%-s an 50%-ze mets, xelmZRvanelobiTi an/<strong>da</strong> warmomadgenlobiTiuflebamosilebis mqone piri, romelsac bralad edeba Tanamdebobaze yofnis periodSi,Sesabamisad, samoxeleo an samewarmeo an sxva organizaciaSi samsaxuris interesiswinaaRmdeg mimarTuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Cadena, ukanono Semosavlis legalizacia,gamoZalva, miTviseba an gaflangva, miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, gaTavisuflebulia Tu ara igi<strong>da</strong>kavebuli Tanamdebobi<strong>da</strong>n”.“sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanonis me-6 muxlis pirveli punqtisTanaxmad: “moxele aris piri, romelic iniSneba an airCeva saxazino <strong>da</strong>wesebulebissaStato (StatiT gaTvaliswinebul) Tanamdebobaze”.amrigad konvenciiT mocemuli Tanamdebobis piris cneba ufro farToa, vidre essaqarTvelos kanonmdebloT aris gansazRvruli. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba,konvenciisgan gansxvavebiT, <strong>da</strong>naSaulis subieqtad ar ganixilavs gansazRvruli vadiT<strong>da</strong>niSnul StatgareSe mosamsaxures (sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb kanonis Sesabamisad _Tanamdebobis pirs). am kuTxiT saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba koreqtirebas moiTxovs.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge5
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International GeorgiasaqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT, konvenciasTan Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT, sustad aris<strong>da</strong>regulirebuli konfiskaciis instituti:konvenciis me-2 muxli <strong>da</strong> Semdgom ZiriTadi teqsti ganmartavs konfiskaciistermins <strong>da</strong> masTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul samarTlebriv procedurebs. kerZod, konvenciis 54-emuxlis Tanaxmad, TiToeuli monawile saxelmwifo valdebulia:- Si<strong>da</strong> kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad gaataros iseTi RonisZiebebi, romlebicaucilebelia imisTvis, rom saSualeba misces qveynis uflebamosil organoebs,sisruleSi moiyvanon sxva monawile saxelmwifoTa sasamarTloebis ukanono qonebiskonfiskaciasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebebi;- gaataros iseTi RonisZiebebi, romlebic aucilebelia ganaCenis gamotanis gareSeqonebis konfiskaciisTvis sisxlis samarTlis iseT saqmeebze, romelTa warmoeba verxerxdeba <strong>da</strong>mnaSavis sikvdilis an misi <strong>da</strong>malvis mizeziT, an sxva saTanadoSemTxvevaSi;- aRWurvos Sesabamisi organoebi saTanado uflebamosilebiT, rom maT SeZlon,gamoitanon <strong>da</strong>dgenilebebi konfiskaciis Sesaxeb; aseve, winaswari gamoZiebisasmomTxovni qveynis uflebamosili organos ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis safuZvelze gayinon an<strong>da</strong>aya<strong>da</strong>Ron is qoneba, romelzec SesaZloa gavrceldes <strong>da</strong>dgenileba konfiskaciisSesaxeb.saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT Zalzed sustad aris <strong>da</strong>regulirebuli aRniSnulisamarTlebrivi institutis gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba. es nawilobriv ganpirobebuliasaqarTvelos sakonstitucio sasamarTlos erT-erTi pirveli ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebiT,romliTac qonebis konfiskacia, rogorc <strong>da</strong>matebiTi sasjelis saxis samarTlebriviinstituti, antikonstituciurad gamocxad<strong>da</strong>.“administraciul samarTal<strong>da</strong>rRvevaTa kodeqsi” Seicavs debulebebs administraciulikonfiskaciis samarTlebrivi bunebis Sesaxeb. kanonis zogadi nawili (24-e <strong>da</strong> 25-emuxlebi) adgens konfiskaciis rogorc ZiriTad, ise <strong>da</strong>matebiT administraciulsaxdelad gamoyenebis SesaZleblobas.konfiskaciis institutis nairsaxeobas iTvaliswineben saqarTvelos “sisxlissamarTlis saproceso kodeqsis” 44-e, 124-e, 410-e, 412-e, 424-e, 425-e, 426-e, 427-e,510-e <strong>da</strong> 511-e muxlebic. kerZod, am muxlebiT gansazRvrulia e.w. saprocesokonfiskacia _ <strong>da</strong>naSaulis iaraRis <strong>da</strong> sagnis usasyidlo CamorTmeva, racxorcieldeba mosamarTlis <strong>da</strong>dgenilebis safuZvelze. es ganmartebebi mxolodnawilobriv Seesabameba konvenciis moTxovnebs.rac Seexeba sisxlis samarTlis saqmeze sasamarTlo ganaCenamde qonebis konfiskaciisSesaZleblobas, saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis <strong>da</strong> administraciuli samarTlissaproceso kodeqsebiT gaTvaliswinebulia <strong>da</strong>usabuTebeli qonebis nawilSiadministraciuli devnis ganxorcielebis SesaZlebloba im Tanamdebobis pirTamimarT, romlebic emalebian gamoZiebas. kerZod, saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTliskodeqsis” 37 1 muxlis Tanaxmad, Tanamdebobis piris ukanono <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>usabuTebelqonebasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT prokurors ufleba aqvs administraciuli saproceso wesiTaRZras sarCeli qonebis CamorTmevisa <strong>da</strong> saxelmwifosaTvis ga<strong>da</strong>cemis Sesaxeb.saqarTvelos sisxlis saproceso kanonmdebloba aseve iTvaliswinebs reketiris <strong>da</strong>reketul qonebasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT specialur saproceso regulaciebsac.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 01086Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgiamiuxe<strong>da</strong>vad Si<strong>da</strong> kanonmdeblobaSi arsebuli aRniSnuli debulebebisa, konvenciasTanSesabamisobaSi moyvanis TvalsazrisiT, gasatarebelia <strong>da</strong>matebiTi sakanonmdeblocvlilebebi, vinai<strong>da</strong>n konvencia, saTanado garemoebebis (braldebulis mimalva,gar<strong>da</strong>cvaleba <strong>da</strong> sxva saTanado SemTxvevebi) arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, konfiskaciisreJimis gavrcelebis SesaZleblobas iTxovs SeuzRu<strong>da</strong>vad yvela subieqtis <strong>da</strong> saqmismimarT.konfiskaciasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul valdebulebebTan mimarTebaSi sakanonmdeblocvlilebebi gasatarebeli iqneba saaRsrulebo, saproceso kanonmdeblobaSic, romsaqarTvelos saaRsrulebo <strong>da</strong> sxva uflebamosilma organoebma SeZlon konfiskaciisSesaxeb sxva saxelmwifoTa uflebamosili organoebis ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebebis aRsruleba.rac Seexeba qonebis e.w. gayinvis, <strong>da</strong>ya<strong>da</strong>Rebis samarTlebrivi urTierTobebisharmonizebas konvenciis moTxovnebTan, Si<strong>da</strong> kanonmdeblobis es nawili eTanadebasaerTaSoriso moTxovnebs <strong>da</strong> mniSvnelovan sakanonmdeblo novaciebs ar saWiroebs.zemoaRniSnuli<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>vaskvnaT, rom saqarTvelos sakanonmdeblo<strong>da</strong> sasamarTlo, maT Soris sakonstitucio sasamarTlo, praqtika konfiskaciissamarTlebrivi bunebis regulirebis TvalsazrisiT, calkeuli gamonaklisiSemTxvevebis gar<strong>da</strong>, araTanmimdevrulad <strong>da</strong> qaoturad viTardeba <strong>da</strong> naklebadSeesabameba am TvalsazrisiT aRiarebul <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mkvidrebul saerTaSoriso regulaciebs.bunebrivia, Seqmnili viTareba iTxovs saTanado, gaazrebuli sakanonmdeblocvlilebebis ganxorcielebas.am mimarTulebiT dRes ganxilvis stadiaSia kanonproeqti, romliTac <strong>da</strong>naSaulissagnis/saSualebis, <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Casadenad gamiznuli nivTis an/<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi gziTmopovebuli qonebis CamorTmeva Camoyalib<strong>da</strong> sasjelis saxiT. qonebis CamorTmevisdefinicia <strong>da</strong> misi Sefardebis sakiTxi <strong>da</strong>wvrilebiT aris gadmocemuli “sisxlissamarTlis kodeqsis” 52-e muxlis axal re<strong>da</strong>qciaSi.warmodgenili proeqtiT SemoTavazebuli sasjelis saxe `qonebis CamorTmeva~gansxvavdeba arakonstituciurad miCneuli sasjelis saxisagan. arakonstituciuradmiCneuli debuleba iTvaliswineb<strong>da</strong> piris mTliani qonebis konfiskacias ganurCevla<strong>da</strong>m qonebis warmomavlobisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>naSaulTan misi Semxeblobisa. SemoTavazebuliproeqti iTvaliswinebs mxolod <strong>da</strong>naSaulis sagnisa <strong>da</strong> saSualebis, <strong>da</strong>naSaulisCasadenad gamiznuli nivTisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi gziT mopovebuli qonebisCamorTmevas. am SemTxvevaSi sanqciis mizans warmoadgens ara uSualod braleulipiris <strong>da</strong>sja, aramed sazogadoebrivi interesis <strong>da</strong>cva, rac <strong>da</strong>mnaSavisaTvis mis mier<strong>da</strong>naSaulis Casadenad gamoyenebuli, Tu am saSualebiT miRebuli qonebis kvlav<strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi miznebisaTvis gamoyenebis aRkveTaSi gamoixateba.konvenciisgan gansxvavebiT saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba <strong>da</strong>pirebis micemas arganixilavs sisxlis samarTlis <strong>da</strong>naSaulad:konvenciis me-15 muxlis “a” punqti sisxlis samarTlis <strong>da</strong>naSaulad ganixilavssajaro Tanamdebobis pirisaTvis <strong>da</strong>pirebis micemas, SeTavazebas an/<strong>da</strong> misTvis, an sxvafizikuri, an iuridiuli pirisaTvis pira<strong>da</strong>d, an Suamavlis <strong>da</strong>xmarebiTaramarTlzomieri upiratesobis ga<strong>da</strong>cemas imisTvis, rom am Tanamdebobis pirma TavisiTanamdebobrivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas Caidinos garkveuli qmedeba. “b” punqtisisxlis samarTlis <strong>da</strong>naSaulad ganixilavs sajaro Tanamdebobis piris mier26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 01087Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgiapira<strong>da</strong>d, an Suamavlis <strong>da</strong>xmarebiT gamoZalvas, an aramarTlzomieri upiratesobismiRebas, raTa man Caidinos garkveuli qmedeba Tavisi Tanamdebobrivi movaleobisSesrulebisas.aRniSnuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulebis niSnebs Seicavs saqarTvelos moqmedi “sisxlis samarTliskodeqsis” XXXIX Tavis (samoxeleo <strong>da</strong>naSauli) 338-e muxli (qrTamis aReba) <strong>da</strong> 339-emuxli (qrTamis micema), Tumca am muxlebis arsebuli re<strong>da</strong>qcia ar moicavs <strong>da</strong>pirebismicemas an SeTavazebas. Tavad qrTamis micema warmoadgens formalur <strong>da</strong>naSauls, xolo<strong>da</strong>pirebis micema an SeTavazeba – <strong>da</strong>naSaulis erT-erT stadias.saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobisTvis cnobilia <strong>da</strong>naSaulismomzadebisa <strong>da</strong> mcdelobis stadiebi. kerZod, “saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTliskodeqsis” me-18-e muxlis pirveli nawili (momzadeba anu <strong>da</strong>naSaulis CadenisaTvispirobebis ganzrax Seqmna) <strong>da</strong> me-19 muxlis pirveli nawili (mcdeloba anu ganzraxiqmedeba) exeba iseT garemoebebs, roca qmedebebi uSualod mimarTuli iyo <strong>da</strong>naSaulisCasadenad, magram <strong>da</strong>naSauli bolomde ar iqna miyvanili.konvenciis me-15 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli <strong>da</strong>pirebis micema an SeTavazebaSesaZlebelia ganvixiloT <strong>da</strong>naSaulis momzadebis stadiad, Tumca saqarTvelos“sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT” sisixlisamarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba dgeba mxolodmZime <strong>da</strong> gansakuTrebiT mZime <strong>da</strong>naSaulis momzadebisaTvis. saqarTvelos “sisxlissamarTlis kodeqsis” 339-e muxliT gansazRvruli <strong>da</strong>naSauli naklebad mZime<strong>da</strong>naSaulTa kategorias ganekuTvneba <strong>da</strong> Sesabamisad, konvenciiT gansazRvruli qmedebisCadenis SemTxvevaSi saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT sisxlissamarTlebrivipasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi SesaZloa, arc <strong>da</strong>dges.rac Seexeba “saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis” 338-e muxls, am debulebisme-3 nawilis `g~ qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Semadgenloba gamoZalvasmiiCnevs sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeblobis <strong>da</strong>mamZimebel garemoebad <strong>da</strong> ara sisxlissamarTlis <strong>da</strong>naSaulad.iusticiis saministros mier dReisTvis momzadebuli kanonproeqti garkveulwila<strong>da</strong>regulirebs ganxilul problematikas. kerZod, proeqtSi “sisxlis samarTliskodeqsis” 338-e muxlis pirveli nawili <strong>da</strong> 339-e muxli Camoyalibebulia Semdegire<strong>da</strong>qciiT:“muxli 338(1):1. moxelis an masTan gaTanabrebuli piris mier pir<strong>da</strong>pir an arapir<strong>da</strong>pir fulis,fasiani qaRaldis, sxva qonebis, qonebrivi sargeblis an sxva raime aramarTlzomieriupiratesobis miReba an moTxovna, aseve aseTis SeTavazebis an <strong>da</strong>pirebis miReba, Tavisan sxva piris sasargeblod, raTa am moxelem an masTan gaTanabrebulma pirmaTanamdebobrivi ufleba-movaleobebis Sesrulebisas qrTamis mimcemis an sxva pirissasargeblod ganaxorcielos raime moqmedeba an Tavi Seikavos raime moqmedebisganxorcielebisagan an gamoiyenos Tavisi Tanamdebobrivi avtoriteti analogiurimiznis misaRwevad, agreTve mis mier samsaxurebrivi mfarvelobis ganxorcieleba, _isjeba Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT xuTi<strong>da</strong>n aT wlamde.”`muxli 339. qrTamis micema1. moxelisaTvis an masTan gaTanabrebuli pirisaTvis, pir<strong>da</strong>pir an arapir<strong>da</strong>pir, fulis,fasiani qaRaldis, sxva qonebis, qonebrivi sargeblis an sxva raime aramarTlzomieri26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 01088Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgiaupiratesobis <strong>da</strong>pireba, SeTavazeba an miniWeba moxelis (masTan gaTanabrebuli piris) ansxva piris sasargeblod, raTa am moxelem (masTan gaTanabrebulma pirma) Tanamdebobriviufleba-movaleobebis Sesrulebisas qrTamis mimcemis an sxva piris sasargeblodganaxorcielos raime moqmedeba an Tavi Seikavos raime moqmedebis ganxorcielebisaganan gamoiyenos Tavisi Tanamdebobrivi avtoriteti analogiuri miznis misaRwevad,agreTve ganaxorcielos samsaxurebrivi mfarveloba, _ isjeba jarimiT angamasworebeli samuSaoTi vadiT or wlamde an Tavisuflebis SezRudviT imave vadiT antusaRobiT vadiT sam Tvemde an<strong>da</strong> Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT or wlamde.2. igive qmedeba, Cadenili: a) ukanono qmedebis Casadenad; b) organizebuli jgufismier, _ isjeba Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT oTxi<strong>da</strong>n rva wlamde.SeniSvna:1. sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobisagan Tavisufldeba qrTamis mimcemi, Tu masqrTami gamosZales an Tu man qrTamis micemis Sesaxeb nebayoflobiT ganacxa<strong>da</strong> sisxlissamarTlis saqmis aRmZvrel organoSi.2. am muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli qmedebisaTvis iurdiuli piri isjeba jarimiT.~konvenciisgan gansxvavebiT saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba ar iTvaliswinebs sisxlissamarTlis pasuxismgeblobas ucxo qveynis sajaro Tanamdebobis pirebis mxri<strong>da</strong>nCadenil korufciul qmedebebze:konvenciis me-2 muxlis “b” <strong>da</strong> “g” punqtebi gansazRvravs ucxo qveynisa <strong>da</strong>saerTaSoriso organizaciis sajaro Tanmdebobis pirebis cnebebs. kerZod, ucxoqveynis sajaro Tanamdebobis piri aris “nebismieri <strong>da</strong>niSnuli an arCeuli piri,romelsac ukavia sxva saxelmwifos sakanonmdeblo, aRmasrulebel, administraciul ansasamarTlo organoSi raime Tanamdeboba <strong>da</strong> nebismieri piri, romelic asrulebs raimesajaro funqcias sxva saxelmwifosaTvis, maT Soris, sajaro uwyebisaTvis an sajarosawarmosaTvis”. saerTaSoriso organizaciis sajaro Tanamdebobis piri aris“saerTaSoriso sajaro mosamsaxure an nebismieri piri, romelic uflebamosiliaaseTi organizaciis mier awarmoos saqmianoba misi saxeliT”.konvenciis me-16 muxli yuradRebas amaxvilebs ucxo qveynis sajaro TanamdebobispirTa <strong>da</strong> saerTaSoriso organizaciebis sajaro Tanamdebobis pirTa mosyidvaze <strong>da</strong>mxareebs akisrebs valdebulebas, gaataron Sesabamisi sakanonmdeblo <strong>da</strong> sxvaRonisZiebebi, rom sisxlissamarTlebrivad <strong>da</strong>sjad qmedebad gamocxaddes ucxo qveynissajaro Tanamdebobis pirTa <strong>da</strong> saerTaSoriso organizaciis sajaro TanamdebobispirTa mosyidva.saqarTvelos moqmedi “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi” zemoaRniSnuli subieqtebis mierkorufciuli samarTal<strong>da</strong>rRvevis CadenisaTvis pasuxismgeblobas ar iTvaliswinebs.iusticiis saministros mier momzadebul kanonproeqtSi Sesabamisi regulaciebiCadebulia. proeqtis Tanaxmad, kodeqsis saTanado muxlebis miznebisaTvis moxelesTangaTanabrebul pirad ganixileba:- ucxo qveynis saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis piri (maT Soris sakanonmdeblo an/<strong>da</strong>administraciuli uflebamosilebis ganmaxorcielebeli saxelmwifo organoswevri);- im saerTaSoriso organizaciis an organos Tanamdebobis piri, an xelSekrulebis26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge9
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International GeorgiasafuZvelze <strong>da</strong>qiravebul TanamSromeli, romlis wevri aris saqarTvelo;- nebismieri mivlinebuli an aramivlinebuli piri, romelic asrulebs amTanamdebobis piris an TanamSromlis funqciebis Sesabamis funqciebs;- im saerTaSoriso saparlamento krebis wevri, romlis monawile arissaqarTvelo;- im saerTaSoriso sasamarTlos an sasamarTlo organos mosamarTle <strong>da</strong>Tanamdebobis piri, romlis iurisdiqcias cnobs saqarTvelo.<strong>da</strong>naSaulis subieqtTa wris am kanonproeqtSi mocemuli SezRudva, rac ukavSirdebasaqarTvelos monawileobas amaTuim saerTaSoriso organizaciaSi/xelSekrulebaSi,xelovnurad zRu<strong>da</strong>vs konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebul subieqtTa wres. amrigad, proeqtisaRniSnuli debuleba koreqtirebas saWiroebs.konvencia iZleva zegavleniT vaWrobis samarTlebriv definicias, rac saqarTvelosmoqmed kanonmdeblobaSi ar devs:konvenciis me-18 muxli iTvaliswinebs “zegavleniT vaWrobis” samarTlebriv definicias.saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi” devs iseTi cnebebi (samsaxurebrivimdgomareobis borotad gamoyeneba, Tanamdebobrivi avtoriteti, samsaxurebrivimfarveloba <strong>da</strong> a.S.), romlebic konvenciaSi aRniSnul siaxles garkveulwilad moicaven.iusticiis saministros kanonproeqtSi gaTvaliswinebulia “sisxlis samarTliskodeqsSi” korufciuli zemoqmedebis Semadgenlobis axali normis <strong>da</strong>matebac. kerZod,proeqtSi mocemuli re<strong>da</strong>qciiT:“piris mier, Tavisi an sxva piris interesebisaTvis, pir<strong>da</strong>pir an arapir<strong>da</strong>pir fulis,fasiani qaRaldis, sxva qonebis, qonebrivi sargeblis an sxva raime aramarTlzomieriupiratesobis <strong>da</strong>pireba, SeTavazeba an miniWeba im pirisaTvis, romelic amtkicebs ana<strong>da</strong>sturebs, rom mas SeuZlia aramarTlzomieri zemoqmedebis moxdena moxelis anmasTan gaTanabrebuli piris mier ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis miRebaze, miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa,ganxorciel<strong>da</strong> Tu ara aseTi zemoqmedeba an/<strong>da</strong> miRebul iqna Tu ara am zemoqmedebiTsasurveli Sedegi, _ isjeba jarimiT an gamasworebeli samuSaoTi vadiT or wlamde, anTavisuflebis SezRudviT imave vadiT, an tusaRobiT vadiT sam Tvemde, an TavisuflebisaRkveTiT vadiT or wlamde”.SeniSvna: am nawiliT gaTvaliswinebuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulisaTvis pasuxismgeblobisaganTavisufldeba piri, romelic am nawiliT gaTvaliswinebuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulis CadenisTaobaze nebayoflobiT ganacxadebs sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRmZvrel organoSi.“piris mier, romelic amtkicebs an a<strong>da</strong>sturebs, rom mas SeuZlia aramarTlzomierizemoqmedebis moxdena moxelis an masTan gaTanabrebuli piris mier ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebismiRebaze Tavis an sxva piris sasargeblod im pirisagan, romelic moqmedebs Tavis ansxva piris interesebSi pir<strong>da</strong>pir an arapir<strong>da</strong>pir fulis, fasiani qaRaldis, sxvaqonebis, qonebrivi sargeblis an sxva raime aramarTlzomieri upiratesobis moTxovna anmiReba, aseve aseTis Taobaze <strong>da</strong>pirebis an SeTavazebis miReba, miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa,ganxorciel<strong>da</strong> Tu ara aseTi zemoqmedeba an/<strong>da</strong> miRebul iqna Tu ara am zemoqmedebiTsasurveli Sedegi, _ isjeba Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT sami<strong>da</strong>n xuT wlamde”.“am muxlis me-2 nawiliT gaTvaliswinebuli qmedeba Cadenili organizebuli jgufis26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 010810Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgiamier, _ isjeba Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT oTxi<strong>da</strong>n Svid wlamde”.SeniSvna: am muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli qmedebisaTvis iuridiuli piri isjeba jarimiT.konvencia Tanamdebobrivi uflebamosilebis borotad gamoyenebas ganixilavssisxlis samarTlis <strong>da</strong>naSaulad. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT es qmedebaklasificirdeba materialur <strong>da</strong>naSaulad:konvenciis me-19 muxli aregulirebs Tanamdebobrivi mdgomareobis borotadgamoyenebas. saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis” 332-e muxli (Tanamdebobriviuflebamosilebis borotad gamoyeneba), marTalia, aregulirebs aRniSnul sakiTxs,magram mocemuli <strong>da</strong>naSauli warmoadgens ara sisxlis samarTlis, aramedmaterialur <strong>da</strong>naSauls <strong>da</strong> pasuxismgeblobis <strong>da</strong>dgomis pirobas warmoadgens:“fizikuri an iuridiuli piris uflebis, sazogadoebis an saxelmwifos kanonieriinteresis arsebiTi <strong>da</strong>rRveva”. konvenciis debulebebiT Tanamdebobriviuflebamosilebis borotad gamoyeneba ganixileba sisxlis samarTlis <strong>da</strong>naSaulad <strong>da</strong>Sedegis <strong>da</strong>dgoma savaldebulo pirobas ar warmoagens.konvencia ukanono gamdidrebas ganixilavs sisxlis samarTlis <strong>da</strong>naSaulad.saqarTvelos administraciuli kanonmdebloba icnobs <strong>da</strong>usabTebeli qonebis cnebas,magram es cneba ar devs sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi:konvenciis me-20 muxlis ganmartebiT ukanono gamdidreba aris sajaro Tanamdebobispiris aqtivebis mniSvnelovani zr<strong>da</strong>, rodesac piris aqtivebi imdenad aWarbebs miskanonier Semosavals, rom mas ar SeuZlia aRniSnuli garemoebis <strong>da</strong>sabuTeba.konvenciis moTxovnis Tanaxmad, wevrma saxelmwofoebma un<strong>da</strong> gaataron sakanonmdeblo<strong>da</strong> sxva RonisZiebebi mocemuli qmedebis kriminalizaciis mizniT.saqarTvelos “administraciuli saproceso kodeqsi” icnobs <strong>da</strong>usabuTebeli qonebiscnebas <strong>da</strong> mas Semdegi saxiT ganmartavs: “qoneba, agreTve am qonebi<strong>da</strong>n miRebuliSemosavali, aqciebi (wili), romlis kanonieri saSualebebiT mopovebis<strong>da</strong>ma<strong>da</strong>sturebeli dokumentebi Tanamdebobis pirs, misi ojaxis wevrs an axlonaTesavs ar gaaCniaT an igi SeZenilia ukanono qonebis gasxvisebis Sedegad miRebulifuladi saxsrebiT”, magram ukanono gamdidrebis cneba ar devs saqarTvelos “sisxlissamarTlis kodeqsSi”.saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT <strong>da</strong>naSaulebriv qmedebas warmoadgens winaswariSecnobiT <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi gziT mopovebuli nivTis mxolod SeZena an gasaReba,xolo konvencia <strong>da</strong>naSaulebriv qmedebad ganixilavs qonebis flobasa <strong>da</strong>gamoyenebasac:konvenciis 23-e muxli aregulirebs ukanono Semosavlis legalizaciis sakiTxebs. ammuxlis pirveli nawiliT <strong>da</strong>dgenili <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Semadgenlobebi zoga<strong>da</strong>d SeesabamebasaqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis” 194-e muxliT <strong>da</strong> `ukanono Semosavlislegalizaciis aRkveTis xelSewyobis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuldebulebebs, Tumca konvenciis amave muxlis pirveli nawilis erT-erTi qvepunqtiT<strong>da</strong>naSaulebriv qmedebas warmoadgens qonebis SeZena, floba an gamoyeneba, Tu misimiRebisas cnobili gax<strong>da</strong>, rom aseTi qonebis warmomavloba <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi saqmianobaa.saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis” 186-e muxlis pirveli nawilis mixedviT,26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 010811Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgia<strong>da</strong>naSaulebriv qmedebas warmoadgens winaswari SecnobiT <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi gziTmopovebuli nivTis mxolod SeZena an gasaReba <strong>da</strong> ara misi floba an gamoyeneba.konvencia iTvaliswinebs iuridiul pirTa sisxlissamarTlebriv pasuxismgeblobas.saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba iuridiul pirTa sisxlissamarTlebrivpasuxismgeblobas ar icnobs:konvenciis 26-e muxli, administraciul <strong>da</strong> samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobasTan erTad,iTvaliswinebs iuridiul pirTa sisxlissamarTlebriv pasuxismgeblobas. saqarTvelosmoqmedi “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis” subieqts warmoadgens mxolod fizikuripiri, rac gamoricxavs iuridiul pirTa sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobissakiTxs.iuridiuli pirebis sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobis mniSvneloba <strong>da</strong> maTiSi<strong>da</strong> kanonmdeblobaSi <strong>da</strong>nergvis aucilebloba aRiarebulia saerTaSorisoorganizaciebis mier <strong>da</strong> im saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebiT, romelTa monawilesaqarTveloa. am TvalsazrisiT aRsaniSnavia `fulis gaTeTrebis, <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivisaqmianobis Sedegad mopovebuli Semosavlebis moZiebis, amoRebisa <strong>da</strong> konfiskaciisSesaxeb~ 1990 wlis 8 noembris konvencia (ratificirebulia saqarTvelosparlametis 2004 wlis 17 Tebervlis #3345-rs <strong>da</strong>dgenilebiT), gaeros 1999 wlis“saerTaSoriso konvencia terorizmis <strong>da</strong>finansebis aRkveTis Sesaxeb”(ratificirebulia saqarTvelos parlametis 2002 wlis 7 ivnisis #1486-ii s<strong>da</strong>dgenilebiT) <strong>da</strong> 1997 wlis 27 ianvris “terorizmis winaaRmdeg brZolis Sesaxebstrasburgis evropuli konvencia” (ratificirebulia saqarTvelos parlamentis 2000wlis 27 seqtembris #509-is <strong>da</strong>dgenilebiT).1999 wlis 27 ianvris `korufciaze sisxlis samarTlis evropuli konvencia~saqarTvelos mier xelmowerilia 1999 wlis 27 ianvars, magram ar arisratificirebuli. saqarTvelos parlamentis 2002 wlis 18 maisis #1454-rs<strong>da</strong>dgenilebiT saqarTvelos prezidents mieca rekomen<strong>da</strong>cia, saqarTvelos parlamentSisaratifikaciod waradginos ,,transnacionaluri organizebuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulis winaaRmdegbrZolis gaeros konvencia" <strong>da</strong> misi <strong>da</strong>matebiTi oqmi `a<strong>da</strong>mianebiT, gansakuTrebiTqalebiTa <strong>da</strong> bavSvebiT vaWrobis Tavdian acilebis, aRkveTisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>sjis Taobaze~.amdenad, am sakiTxze dikusiebis <strong>da</strong>wyeba ga<strong>da</strong>udebel amocanas un<strong>da</strong> warmoadgendes,radgan am problemis ga<strong>da</strong>wyveta xels Seuwyobs saqarTvelos integraciassaerTaSoriso TanamegobrobaSi.dReisaTvis iusticiis saministros mier momzadebul kanonproeqtSi aRniSnulisakiTxi garkveulwilad regulirdeba. kerZod, kanonproeqti ganmartavs im pirobebs,romelTa arsebobisas iuridiul pirs SesaZlebelia sisxlissamarTlebrivipasuxismgebloba <strong>da</strong>ekisros. aseve, <strong>da</strong>dgenilia iuridiuli piris mimarT gamosayenebelsasjelTa saxeebi <strong>da</strong> maTi gamoyenebisa <strong>da</strong> aRsrulebis wesi <strong>da</strong> pirobebi.proeqtis Tanaxmad, iuridiul pirs sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba<strong>da</strong>ekisreba saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT” gaTvaliswinebuli im<strong>da</strong>naSaulisaTvis, romelic Cadenilia pasuxismgebeli piris mier iuridiuli pirissaxeliT an misi meSveobiT (gamoyenebiT), an/<strong>da</strong> mis sasargeblod. pasuxismgebel pirSimoiazreba iuridiuli piris xelmZRvanelobaze, warmomadgenlobaze, misi saxeliT26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge12
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgiaga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis miRebaze uflebamosili piri an/<strong>da</strong> iuridiuli piris sameTvalyureo,sakontrolo, sarevizio <strong>da</strong> sakonsultacio organos wevri.arsebuli kanonproeqtiT<strong>da</strong>ekisreba:iuridiul pirs sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba- sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 143 1 muxliT: a<strong>da</strong>mianiT vaWroba (trefikingi);- 143 2 muxliT: arasrulwlovniT vaWroba (trefikingi));- 194-e muxliT: ukanono Semosavlis legalizacia;- 221-e muxlis pirveli nawiliT: komerciuli mosyidva;- 224 1 muxliT: reketul <strong>da</strong>jgufebaSi monawileoba;- 323-e - 330-e muxlebiT: teroristuli aqti, teqnologiuri terorizmi,kiberterorizmi, saqarTvelos politikuri Tanamdebobis pirze Tav<strong>da</strong>sxma,saerTaSoriso <strong>da</strong>cviT mosargeble pirze an <strong>da</strong>wesebulebaze Tav<strong>da</strong>sxma,teroristuli organizaciis Seqmna an xelmZRvaneloba an/<strong>da</strong> masSi monawileoba,ucxo qveynis teroristul organizaciaSi an ucxoeTis kontrols<strong>da</strong>qvemdebarebul aseT organizaciaSi gaerTianeba an/<strong>da</strong> misi <strong>da</strong>xmareba, mZevladxelSi Cagdeba teroristuli mizniT, strategiuli an gansakuTrebulimniSvnelobis obieqtis xelSi Cagdeba an blokireba teroristuli mizniT;- 331 1 muxliT: terorizmis <strong>da</strong>finanseba;- 338-e muxliT: qrTamis aReba;- 339-e muxliT: qrTamis micema;- 339 1 muxliT: korufciuli zemoqmedeba;- 364-e muxliT: samarTalwarmoebis ganxorcielebisaTvis an winaswarigamoZiebisaTvis xelis SeSla;- 365-e muxliT: muqara an Zaladoba samarTalwarmoebis ganxorcielebasTan anwinaswar gamoZiebasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT;- 372-e muxliT: mowmis, <strong>da</strong>zaralebulis, eqspertis an Tarjimnis mosyidva aniZuleba.gaTvaliwinebuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulebisaTvis.iusticiis saministros mocemuli kanonproeqti iuridiuli pirissisxlissamarTlebriv pasuxismgeblobas awesebs mxolod im <strong>da</strong>naSaulebze, romlebicgaeros konvenciaSia moxseniebuli. qveynis ganviTarebis paralelurad momavalSisasurvelia, <strong>da</strong>savleTis ganviTarebuli saxelmwifoebis analogiiT, iuridiulipirebis sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba gavrceldes <strong>da</strong>naSaulebebis ufrofarTo speqtrze.konvencia savaldebulod miiCnevs braldebulis monawileobas sisxlis samarTlissaqmis warmoebaSi. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba uSvebs gansasjelis gareSe saqmissasamarTlo ganxilvis SesaZleblobas:konvenciis 30-e muxlis me-4 punqti braldebulis monawileobas sisxlissamarTlissaqmis warmoebaSi savaldebulod miiCnevs. saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlissaproceso kodeqsis” 443-e muxli uSvebs gansasjelis gareSe saqmis sasamarTloganxilvis SesaZleblobas, Tu gansasjeli Tanamdebobis piria <strong>da</strong> Tavs aridebssasamarTloSi gamocxadebas.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge13
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgiakonvenciis Tanaxmad, braldebuli sajaro Tanamdebobis piri SeiZleba Canacvlebuliqnas, droebiT CamoSordes samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesrulebas an ga<strong>da</strong>yvaniliqnas sxva Tanamdebobaze. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba icnobs mxolodbraldebulis Tanamdebobi<strong>da</strong>n ga<strong>da</strong>yenebis SesaZleblobas:konvenciis amave muxlis me-6 punqtis Tanaxmad, monawile saxelmwifoebi un<strong>da</strong>ganixilon iseTi procedurebis SemuSavebis SesaZlebloba, romelTa meSveobiTbraldebuli sajaro Tanamdebobis piri SeiZleba Canacvlebul iqnas, droebiTCamoSordes samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesrulebas, an ga<strong>da</strong>yvanil iqnas sxvaTanamdebobaze.saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi” icnobs braldebulis mxolodTanamdebobi<strong>da</strong>n ga<strong>da</strong>yenebis SesaZleblobas. kerZod 183-e muxlis Tanaxmad,braldebulis Tanamdebobi<strong>da</strong>n ga<strong>da</strong>yeneba SeiZleba, Tu aris sarwmuno monacemebi, romam samuSaoze <strong>da</strong>rCeniT igi xels SeuSlis WeSmaritebis <strong>da</strong>dgenas, <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Sedegadmiyenebuli zianis anazRaurebas, an ganagrZobs <strong>da</strong>naSaulebriv saqmianobas. specialurikanonmdebloba, romelic aregulirebs calkeuli Tanamdebobis pirebis (mag:mosamarTleebi, parlamentis wevrebi, policielebi <strong>da</strong> a.S.) samarTlebriv statuss,aseve iTvaliswinebs Tanamdebobis pirTaTvis Tanamdebobrivi uflebamosilebebisSeCerebas gamoZiebisa <strong>da</strong> sasamarTlo ganxilvebis periodSi saqmeze gamamarTlebelian/<strong>da</strong> gamamtyunebeli ganaCenis <strong>da</strong>dgomamde.konvencia adgens mowmeTa, eqspertTa, <strong>da</strong>zaralebulTa <strong>da</strong> gamoZiebasTanmoTanamSromle pirTaTvis gansakuTrebuli <strong>da</strong>cvis RonisZiebebis gatarebisaucileblobas. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba am sakiTxebs ar aregulirebs:konvenciis 32-e <strong>da</strong> 33-e muxlebi agdenen mowmeTa, eqspertTa, <strong>da</strong>zarebulTa <strong>da</strong>gamoZiebasTan moTanamSromle pirTaTvis gansakuTrebuli <strong>da</strong>cvis RonisZiebebisgatarebis aucileblobas. am mxriv saqarTvelos mxares SesamuSavebeli aqvs mTelirigi sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi, vinai<strong>da</strong>n moqmedi kanonmdebloba saerTod ar Seicavsregulaciebs konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli valdebulebebis ganxorcielebisTvis.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge14
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International GeorgiaTanxvedra saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobasa <strong>da</strong>gaeros winaaRmdeg konvencias Soriskonvenciis me-17 muxli sisxlis samarTlis <strong>da</strong>naSaulad ganixilavs sajaroTanamdebobis piris mier im qonebis, sajaro <strong>da</strong> kerZo saSualebebis Zarcvas, fasianiqaRaldebis an nebismieri sxva fasiani sagnis aramarTlzomier miTvisebas, romlebicsamsaxurebrivi mdgomareobi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare mis mflobelobaSia. saqarTvelos “sisxlissamarTlis kodeqsSi”, kerZod, mis 25-e TavSi am saxis <strong>da</strong>naSaulebi kvalificirdebaZarcvad (278-e muxli), miTvisebad an gaflangvad (182-e muxli).konvenciis 21-e muxlis Tanaxmad, monawile mxareebi valdebulebas iReben, ganixiloniseTi zomebis miRebis SesaZlebloba, romlebic <strong>da</strong>naSaulad aRiareben kerZoseqtorSi mosyidvas. am TvalsazrisiT xazgasasmelia saqarTvelos “sisxlissamarTlis kodeqsis” 221-e muxli, romelic aregulirebs komerciuli mosyidvissakiTxebs <strong>da</strong> romlis mixedviT <strong>da</strong>naSaulis subieqtebi arian xelmZRvanelobiTi,warmomadgenlobiTi, an sxva specialuri uflebamosilebis mqone pirebi. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad“sisxlis samarTlis kodeqssa” <strong>da</strong> konvenciis aRniSnul debulebebs Soris erTgvariwinaaRmdegobisa (konvencia <strong>da</strong>naSaulis subieqtad aRiarebs kerZo seqtorisorganizaciaSi momuSave nebismieri Tanamdebobis pirs) Si<strong>da</strong> kanonmdebloba arsaWiroebs cvlilebebs, vinai<strong>da</strong>n es winaaRmdegoba mxolod formaluri xasiaTisaa.saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT” gaTvaliswinebuli `specialuriuflebamosilebis mqone piris~ cneba saSualebas iZleva, konvenciiTgaTvaliswinebuli amocanebi srulad ganxorcieldes.konvenciis 34-e muxlSi saubaria korufciis Sedegebze, kerZod, korufciis rogorckontraqtebis gauqmebis safuZvelze. saqarTvelos “samoqalaqo kodeqsis” 54-e muxlisTanaxmad, baTilia garigeba, romelic arRveves kanoniT <strong>da</strong>dgenil wessa <strong>da</strong> akrZalvebs,ewinaaRmdegeba sajaro wesrigs an zneobis normebs. aRniSnuli srulad akmayofilebskonvenciis moTxovnebs.37-e muxliT gansazRvrulia sasjelis Semsubuqebisa <strong>da</strong> imunitetis miniWebissakiTxebi im pirTa mimarT, romlebic monawileoben gamoZiebaSi ansisxlissamarTlebriv devnaSi. am mxriv saqarTvelos sisxlis materialuri <strong>da</strong>saproceso kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebs mTel rig samarTlebriv institutebs(saproceso garigebis formebi, <strong>da</strong>naSaulis qmediTi monanieba, imunitetiTsargeblobis ufleba <strong>da</strong> a.S), romlebic harmonizebulni arian gansaxilvelsaerTaSoriso stan<strong>da</strong>rtebTan.konvenciiT aseve gaTvaliswinebulia iseTi sakiTxebi, rogoricaa iurisdiqciis<strong>da</strong>dgena, samarTlebrivi urTierT<strong>da</strong>xmareba, eqstradiciis wesi, samarTal<strong>da</strong>mcavorganoebs Soris TanamSromloba, erToblivi gamoZiebis warmarTvis wesi, qonebis<strong>da</strong>brunebisTvis gasatarebeli RonisZiebebi <strong>da</strong> a.S. aRniSnuli sferoebisregulirebisas saqarTvelos Si<strong>da</strong> kanonmdebloba uSvebs specialuri urTierTobebissaerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebiT <strong>da</strong> SeTanxmebebiT gansazRvris SesaZleblobas.amdenad, am TvalsazrisiT raime sakanonmdeblo <strong>da</strong>brkoleba konvenciis debulebebisaRsrulebis nawilSi ar un<strong>da</strong> warmoiqmnas.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge15
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International GeorgiaII. “gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis konvenciatransnacionaluri organizebuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulis winaaRmdeg” <strong>da</strong>saqarTvelos moqmedi kanonmdeblobaam konvenciis ZiriTadi mizania transnacionaluri xasiaTis <strong>da</strong> organizebuli jgufismonawileobiT Cadenil <strong>da</strong>naSaulebTan efeqtiani brZolis saerTosisxlissamarTlebrivi politikis SemuSaveba <strong>da</strong> am mimarTulebiT aqtiurisaerTaSoriso TanamSromlobis waxaliseba.konvencia monawile saxelmwifoebs akisrebs valdebulebas, am konvenciiTgaTvaliswinebuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulebisaTvis Si<strong>da</strong> kanonmdeblobaSi <strong>da</strong>adginonsisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba, gaataron mowmeTa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>zaralebulTasaxelmwifoebrivi <strong>da</strong>cvis uzrunvelyofis zomebi <strong>da</strong> Seqmnan Sesabamisi pirobebi amsferoSi saerTaSoriso TanamSromlobis xelSewyobis uzrunvelsayofad (erToblivigamoZiebis warmoeba, samarTlebrivi <strong>da</strong>xmareba, informaciis gacvla, eqstradiciissakiTxis ga<strong>da</strong>wyveta <strong>da</strong> a.S).konvenciis me-3 <strong>da</strong> 34-e muxlebi gansazRvravs aRniSnuli saerTaSoriso dokumentisgamoyenebis sferos. kerZod, winamdebare konvenciis moqmedeba vrceldeba Semdegi<strong>da</strong>naSaulebis mimarT (Tu isini atareben transnacionalur xasiaTs <strong>da</strong> Cadeniliaorganizebuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi jgufis mier):- <strong>da</strong>naSaulebi, romlebic <strong>da</strong>dgenilia konvenciis me-5, me-6, me-8 <strong>da</strong> 23-emuxlebSi, e.i. <strong>da</strong>naSaulebi <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli organizebul <strong>da</strong>naSaulebriv jgufSimonawileobasTan, <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi gziT miRebuli Semosavlebis gaTeTrebasTan,korufciasTan <strong>da</strong> marTlmsajulebis ganxorcielebisaTvis xelis SeSlasTan;- mniSvnelovani, mZime <strong>da</strong>naSaulebi. is, Tu ra saxis <strong>da</strong>naSaulebi miekuTvneba“mniSvnelovan <strong>da</strong>naSaulTa” kategorias, sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva qveynis kanonmdeblobaSiSesaZloa, sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvagvarad iyos ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetili, Tumca am konvenciismiznebisaTvis <strong>da</strong>naSaulTa es tipi gansazRvrulia, rogorc kanonsawinaaRmdegoqmedeba, risTvisac sasjelis zomad gaTvaliswinebulia Tavisuflebis aRkveTa4 wliT an meti vadiT.konvenciis Tanaxmad, <strong>da</strong>naSauli atarebs transnacionalur xasiaTs, Tu is:- Cadenilia erTze met saxelmwifoSi;- Cadenilia erT saxelmwifoSi, magram misi momzadebis, <strong>da</strong>gegmvis,xelmZRvanelobis an kontrolis arsebiTi nawili xorcieldeba sxvasaxelmwifoSi;- Cadenilia erT saxelmwifoSi, magram <strong>da</strong>mnaSaveTa organizebuli jgufismonawileobiT, romelic <strong>da</strong>naSaulebriv saqmianobas eweva erTze metsaxelmwifoSi;- Cadenilia erT saxelmwifoSi, magram Tavisi arsebiTi SedegebiT gavlena iqoniasxva saxelmwifozec.winamdebare saerTaSoriso aqtis saqarTvelos parlamentis mier ratificirebisSemTxvevaSi, saWiro iqneba saqarTvelos Si<strong>da</strong> kanonmdeblobaSi Sesabamisi cvlilebebisganxorcieleba.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge16
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgiagansxvavebebi saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobasa <strong>da</strong>ganxilul konvencias Sorisrogorc konvenciis me-3-e muxlis pirveli punqti<strong>da</strong>n irkveva, konvencia miznadisaxavs transnacionaluri xasiaTis <strong>da</strong> organizebuli jgufis monawileobiT CadeniliseT <strong>da</strong>naSaulTa aRkveTis, gamoZiebisa <strong>da</strong> sisxlis samarTlebriv devnas<strong>da</strong>qvemdebarebisaTvis aucilebel zomebis gatarebas, rogoricaa <strong>da</strong>mnaSaveTaorganizirebul jgufSi monawileoba, <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi gziT miRebuli SemosavlebisgaTeTreba (legalizacia), fulis gaTeTrebisa <strong>da</strong> korufciuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulebi <strong>da</strong>marTlmsajulebis ganxorcielebisaTvis xelis SeSla.<strong>da</strong>mnaSaveTa organizebuli jgufikonvenciis me-2 muxlSi mocemulia terminTa ganmarteba - rogor un<strong>da</strong> iqnas gagebulikonvenciis miznebisaTvis misi ZiriTadi cnebebi.aRniSnul cnebaTa Soris gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania <strong>da</strong>mnaSaveTa organizebulijgufis ganmarteba, romelic me-2 muxlis ,,a~ punqtSi Semdegnaira<strong>da</strong>aCamoyalibebuli: ,,<strong>da</strong>mnaSaveTa organizebuli jgufi niSnavs erTi an ramdenime mZime<strong>da</strong>naSaulis an am konvenciis Sesabamisad aseTad miCneuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Cadenis mizniTdrois gansazRvrul periodSi arsebul <strong>da</strong> SeTanxmebulad moqmed struqturuliformis mqone, sami an meti pirisagan Semdgar jgufs, romlis mizania pir<strong>da</strong>pir anarapir<strong>da</strong>pir miiRos finansuri an materialuri sargebeli.~organizebul <strong>da</strong>naSaulTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul urTierTobebs saqarTvelos moqmed “sisxlissamarTlis kodeqSi” aregulirebs 27-e muxlis me-3 nawili, romlis Tanaxma<strong>da</strong>c:,,<strong>da</strong>naSauli organizebuli jgufis mieraa Cadenili, Tu igi ganaxorciela pirTamyarma jgufma, romlebic winaswar SekavSirdnen ramdenime <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Casadenad.~organizebuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulis am ori normiT SemoTavazebuli definiciaurTierTgansxvavebulia. Sesabamisad, konvenciis ratificirebis SemTxvevaSi,saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi garkveuli cvlilebebi iqneba gasatarebeli, kerZod,gansxvavebebi mdgomareobs SemdegSi:- saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTils kodeqsis” 27-e muxlis me-3 punqtiT,organizebul jgufad miiCneva jgufi, Tu is Seqmnilia ramdenime <strong>da</strong>naSaulisCadenis mizniT. konvenciis Tanaxmad, jgufi SeiZleba Seiqmnas erTi anramdenime <strong>da</strong>maSaulis Casadenad. misTvis organizirebuli xasiaTisminiWebisaTvis ar aris savaldebulo ramdenime <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Cadenis mizani.- konvencia <strong>da</strong>mnaSaveTa organizebuli jgufis aucilebel niSnad miiCnevs aseveim garemoebas, rom jgufi un<strong>da</strong> arsebobdes garkveuli drois periodSi.aRniSnulze saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis” 27-e muxlSi aSkaramiTiTeba ar aris mocemuli, Tumca igi ivaraudeba, radgan organizebulixasiTis jgufis arseboba obieqtura<strong>da</strong>a <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli drois garkveulperiodTan. jgufis Seqmna win un<strong>da</strong> uswrebdes <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Cadenas - imwuTieri,spontanuri erTianobis safuZvelze agebuli jgufuri <strong>da</strong>naSauli verCaiTvleba <strong>da</strong>mnaSaveTa organizebuli jgufis mier Cadenilad.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge17
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgia- saqarTvelos moqmedi sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobiT, <strong>da</strong>mnaSaveTaorganizebul jgufad ver CaiTvleba winaswari SeTanxmebiT Cadenili jgufuri<strong>da</strong>naSauli, Tu am ukanasknelTan mimarTebaSi saxeze ar gvaqvs jgufisorganizebuli xasiaTi. gaeros konvenciis me-2 muxlis ,,c~ qvepunqtiT kimocemulia struqturuli formis mqone jgufis Semdegi definicia: jgufi,,,romelic ar aris SemTxveviT Seqmnili <strong>da</strong>naSaulis <strong>da</strong>uyovnebliv Casadenad <strong>da</strong>romelSic ar aris aucilebeli funqciebi formalurad iyos ganawilebuli miswevrTa Soris, wevrobas hqondes uwyveti xasiTi an Camoyalibebuli iyosganviTrebis struqtura~. amdenad, struqturuli formis jgufis umTavresniSnad konvencia konvencia savaldebulod ar gansazRvravs am jgufis Si<strong>da</strong>struqturuli agebulebis simyaresa <strong>da</strong> rolTa mkacr ganawilebas. konvenciisTanaxmad, <strong>da</strong>mnaSaveTa organizebul jgufs SesaZloa hqondes rogorc mdgradi,ise Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT mgradi xasiaTi (magaliTad, a. tradiciuli anu ,,mafiozuriojaxi~, romlisTvisac <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebeblia ierarqiuli struqturebi, Sinaganiwesebi, disciplina, mdgradoba, qcevis kodeqsi <strong>da</strong> mravalferovani arakanonierisaqmianoba; b. profesiuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi jgufebi, romelTa wevrebierTiandebian garkveuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi qmedebis Cadenis mizniT /es jgufebigansxvavedebian tradiciuli tipis jgufebisagan manevrulobiTa <strong>da</strong> mkacristruqturebis ararsebobiT/; aseve g. eTnikuri, kulturuli <strong>da</strong> istoriulkavSirebze <strong>da</strong>fuZnebuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi jgufebi <strong>da</strong> sxv).- konvenciiT organizebuli jgufi moazrebulia rogorc sami, an meti pirisgaerTianeba, saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis” 23-e muxli ki<strong>da</strong>naSaulSi Tanamonawileobas gansazRvravs rogorc _ ,,ori an meti pirisganzrax erTobliv monawileobas ganzraxi <strong>da</strong>naSaulis CadenaSi.~ am SemTxvevaSisaqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT” gaTvaliswinebuli definiciaufro marTebulia, vinai<strong>da</strong>n ori piris arseboba ukve gulisxmobs pirTajgufs, aseve ZalaTa <strong>da</strong> SesaZleblobaTa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>naSaulebriv mizanTa garkveulgaerTianebas.- gaeros konvencia <strong>da</strong>mnaSaveTa organizirebuli jgufis aucilebel niSnadmiiCnevs aseve finansuri, an sxva materialuri sargeblis pir<strong>da</strong>pir anarapir<strong>da</strong>piri miRebis mizans, rac saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi ar arissrulad gawerili.organizebul <strong>da</strong>naSaulTan brZolis mimarTulebiT erT-erTi mniSvnelovani nabijiqarTul kanonmdeblobaSi ga<strong>da</strong>idga 2004 wlis ivnisSi – ,,organizebuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulisa<strong>da</strong> reketis Sesaxeb kanonisa~ <strong>da</strong> saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis, sisxlissamarTlis saproceso <strong>da</strong> samoqalaqo saproceso kanonmdeblobebSi misgan gamomdinarecvlilebebis ganxorcielebiT.kanonma ,,organizebul <strong>da</strong>naSaulisa <strong>da</strong> reketis Sesaxeb~ reketi ganmarta rogorc –,,Semosavlis an sxvagvari qonebrivi sargeblis sistematurad miRebis mizniTwarmoebuli araerTjeradi <strong>da</strong> organizebuli saqmianoba, romelic <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuliaganzraxi <strong>da</strong>naSaulis CadenasTan (anu nasamarTloba ar aris gaqarwylebuli anmoxsnili), Tu igi ganxorciel<strong>da</strong> orjer mainc xuTi kalen<strong>da</strong>ruli wlisganmavlobaSi, romelSic ar Sedis reketiris <strong>da</strong>patimrebisa <strong>da</strong> sasjelis moxdisva<strong>da</strong>~.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge18
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgiakanonma <strong>da</strong>amkvidra agreTve reketuli <strong>da</strong>jgufebisa <strong>da</strong> reketiri piris cnebebi:reketuli <strong>da</strong>jgufeba aris - ,,Tavisi saqmianobiT reketTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli iuridiulipiri, agreTve fizikur <strong>da</strong> iuridiul pirTa nebismieri gaerTianeba~. reketiri piriaris ,,piri, romelic <strong>da</strong>moukideblad an sxva pirTan erTad warmarTavs reketuli<strong>da</strong>jgufebis saqmianobas, an sxvagvarad monawileobs reketuli <strong>da</strong>jgufebissaqmianobaSi <strong>da</strong> misTvis cnobilia, rom es <strong>da</strong>jgufeba reketuli <strong>da</strong>jgufebaa, agreTveukanonod wyvets an monawileobs reketul <strong>da</strong>jgufebasa <strong>da</strong> sxva pirTa Soris <strong>da</strong>vebisga<strong>da</strong>wyvetaSi~.reketis identuri Sinaarsis 17 1 muxli gaiwera saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTliskodeqsSic”, xolo amave kodeqsis 181-e muxls (gamoZalva) me-3 nawilad(makvalificirebel garemoebad) <strong>da</strong>emata qmedebis reketiris mier Cadena.organizebuli <strong>da</strong>naSulisa <strong>da</strong> reketis winaaRmdeg brZolis mniSvnelovan iaraRad iqcareketuli qonebis CamorTmevisa <strong>da</strong> saxelmwifosaTvis ga<strong>da</strong>cemis meqanizis<strong>da</strong>mkvidrebac. (ufro detalurad ganxilulia qvemoT).mZime <strong>da</strong>naSauligaeros konvenciis me-2 muxlis ,,b~ punqtSi Camoyalibebulia mZime <strong>da</strong>naSaulisganmarteba, romlis Tanaxma<strong>da</strong>c ,,mZime <strong>da</strong>naSauls~ miekuTvneba <strong>da</strong>naSauli, romelicisjeba Tavisuflebis aRkveTis maqsimaluri vadiT aranakleb 4 wlisa an sasjelisufro mkacri zomiT.saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis” me-12 muxlis me-3 nawiliT: “3. mZimeaiseTi ganzraxi <strong>da</strong>naSauli, romlis CadenisaTvis am kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebulimaqsimaluri sasjeli ar aRemateba aTi wliT Tavisuflebis aRkveTas, agreTvegaufrTxileblobiT <strong>da</strong>naSauli, romlis CadenisaTvis am kodeqsiT sasjelis saxiTgaTvaliswinebulia Tavisuflebis aRkveTa xuT welze meti vadiT”.aRniSnuli definiciebi erTmaneTisgan gansxvavdeba, magram ara-winaaRmdegobrivia.kontrolirebadi miwodebagaeros konvenciis me-2 muxlis pirveli punqti iTvaliwinebs ,,kontrolirebadimiwodebis~ cnebis <strong>da</strong>mkvidrebas. ,,kontrolirebadi miwodeba niSnavs meTods, romlisgamoyenebis drosac <strong>da</strong>saSvebia ukanono an saeWvo tvirTis partiebis Setana an gatanaerTi an ramdenime saxelmwifos teritoraze, am saxelmwifos kompetenturiorganoebis nebarTviT <strong>da</strong> ze<strong>da</strong>mxedvelobiT, raime <strong>da</strong>naSaulis gamoZiebisa <strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>mnaSaveTa gamovlenis mizniT.~konvenciis me-20 muxlis Tanaxmad, kontrolirebadi miwodeba miekuTvneba gamoZiebisspecialur meTods.msgavsi meTodi saqarTvelos moqmedi sisxlis samarTlis saprocesokanonmdeblobisTvis ucnobia.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge19
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgiakonvenciis gamoyenebis sferogaeros konvenciis me-3 muxli aregulirebs konvenciis gamoyenebis sferos. konvenciiTgaTvaliswinebul korufciul samarTal<strong>da</strong>rRvevebTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli organizebuli<strong>da</strong>naSaulebi, rogorc wesi, iSviaTa<strong>da</strong>a Semofargluli erTi saxelmwifosteritoriiT <strong>da</strong> isini ufro farTo masStabebs iZenen. Sesabamisad, ganxilulikonvencia, misi me-3-e muxlis Tanaxmad, vrceldeba korufciul samarTal<strong>da</strong>rRvevebze,Tu isini transnacionaluri xasiaTisaa, anu:- Cadenilia erTze met saxelmwifoSi;- Cadenilia erT saxelmwifoSi, magram misi momzadebis, <strong>da</strong>gegmvis,xelmZRvanelobis an kontrolis arsebiTi nawili xorcieldeba sxvasaxelmwifoSi;- Cadenilia erT saxelmwifoSi, magram <strong>da</strong>mnaSaveTa organizebuli jgufismonawileobiT, romelic <strong>da</strong>naSaulebriv saqmianobas eweva erTze metsaxelmwifoSi;- Cadenilia erT saxelmwifoSi, magram misi arsebTi Sedegebi vlindeba meoresaxelmwifoSi.<strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi gziT miRebuli Semosavlebis gaTeTrebis kriminalizaciagaeros konvencia monawile saxelmwifoebs avaldebulebs, kanonmdeblobaSi asaxon <strong>da</strong>organizebul <strong>da</strong>naSaulTa wres miakuTvnon:- <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi gziT miRebuli qonebis gar<strong>da</strong>qmna an ga<strong>da</strong>cema am qonebisukanono warmoSobis <strong>da</strong>farvis an <strong>da</strong>malvis mizniT;- <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi gziT miRebuli qonebis gar<strong>da</strong>qmna an ga<strong>da</strong>cema <strong>da</strong>naSaulisCamdeni pirisaTvis <strong>da</strong>xmarebis gawevis mizniT, raTa am ukanasknelma Taviaaridos sakuTari qmedebebis samarTlebriv Sedegebze pasuxismgeblobas <strong>da</strong>- winaswari SecnobiT <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi gziT miRebuli qonebis namdvili xarisxis,wyaros, adgilis, gankargvis xerxis, ga<strong>da</strong>adgilebis, qonebaze uflebis an misikuTvnilebis <strong>da</strong>farva an <strong>da</strong>malva.saqarTvelos moqmed kanonmdeblobaSi aRniSnul sakiTxs aregulirebs specialurikanoni „ukanono Semosavlis legalizaciis aRkveTis xelSewyobis Sesaxeb“, romelicemsaxureba ukanono Semosavlebis legalizaciis aRkveTasa <strong>da</strong> terorizmis<strong>da</strong>finansebis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n acilebisaTvis aucilebeli zomebis samarTlebriv mowesrigebas.aRniSnuli kanonis safuZvelze 2003 wlis 16 ivliss prezidentis brZanebulebiTSeiqmna sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piri _ saqarTvelos finansuri monitoringissamsaxuri – romelsac evaleba saeWvo garigebebze angariSgebis formis <strong>da</strong>dgena.aRniSnuli forma un<strong>da</strong> Seicavs informacias saeWvo garigebis, misi monawile pirebis<strong>da</strong> sabanko angariSebis (sa<strong>da</strong>c es SesaZlebelia) Sesaxeb. finansuri monitoringissamsaxuri gansazRvravs <strong>da</strong> monitoringis ganmaxorcielebeli pirebis mier garigebissaeWvoobis <strong>da</strong>dgenis mizniT awvdis maT informacias (CamonaTvals, miTiTebebs <strong>da</strong> a.S)saeWvo garigebisa <strong>da</strong> misi monawile pirebis Sesaxeb.gar<strong>da</strong> amisa, <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi gziT miRebuli Semosavlebis gaTeTrebas saqarTvelos26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 010820Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgia„sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis“ 194-e muxli ganmartavs rogorc ukanonoSemosavlebis legalizacias <strong>da</strong> masze awesebs sisxlissamarTlebriv pasuxismgeblobas.am muxlis Tanaxmad, ukanono Semosavlis legalizacia aris fulisTvis an sxvaqonebisaTvis kanonieri saxis micema, aseve ukanono Semosavlis wyaros,adgilmdebareobis, ganTavsebis, moZraobis, qonebis namdvili mesakuTris an mflobelisan<strong>da</strong> qonebrivi uflebis <strong>da</strong>malva. saqarTvelos kanomdebloba iTvaliswinebs<strong>da</strong>mamZimebeli garemoebebis arsebobasac, rac ukavSirdeba am qmedebis Cadenis odenobas,raodenobas <strong>da</strong> sxv.amdenad, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi konvenciis es moTxovnasrulad aris asaxuli.ze<strong>da</strong>mxedvelobis reJimis <strong>da</strong>weseba bankebsa <strong>da</strong> arasabanko finansur organoebzegaeros konvenciis me-7 muxli adgens monawile saxelmwifoTa kanonmdeblobaSifulis gaTeTrebis winaaRmdeg brZolis iseTi meTodebis asaxvis valdebulebas,rogoricaa bankebisa <strong>da</strong> arasabanko finansuri organoebisa <strong>da</strong> sxva msgavsi<strong>da</strong>wesebulebebis mimarT Si<strong>da</strong> regulirebisa <strong>da</strong> ze<strong>da</strong>mxedvelobis reJimis <strong>da</strong>dgena.saqarTvelos moqmed kanonmdeblobaSi aRniSnuli sferos samarTlebrivi regulireba,rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, xdeba „ukanono Semosavlis legalizaciis aRkveTisxelSewyobis Sesaxeb“ kanoniT, romelic gansazRvravs finansuri monitoringisganmaxorcielebel pirebs (komerciuli bankebi, valutis ga<strong>da</strong>mcvleli punqtebi,sabrokero kompaniebi <strong>da</strong> fasiani qaRaldebis registratorebi, sa<strong>da</strong>zRvevo kompaniebi<strong>da</strong> arasaxelmwifo sapensio sqemis <strong>da</strong>mfuZneblebi, latariebisa <strong>da</strong> sxva momgebianiTamaSebis momwyobi pirebi, Zvirfas liTonebTan, Zvirfas qvebTan <strong>da</strong> maT nawarmTan <strong>da</strong>antikvarul nivTebtan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli saqmianobis ganmaxorcielebeli pirebi, sabaJoorganoebi, grantebisa <strong>da</strong> saqvelmoqmedo <strong>da</strong>xmarebebis gamcemi pirebi, safostoorganizaciebi <strong>da</strong> sxv.) <strong>da</strong> saze<strong>da</strong>mxedvelo organoebs (saqarTvelos erovnuli banki,fasiani qaRaldebis erovnuli komisia, finansTa saministro <strong>da</strong> sxv.).saxelmwifoTa Soris TanamSromlobagaeros konvencia gansazRvravs organizebul <strong>da</strong>naSaulTan brZolis sferoSisaxelmwifoTa Soris TanamSromlobisa <strong>da</strong> informaciis gacvlis ganmtkicebismeqanizmebs. maT Sorisaa Si<strong>da</strong> finansuri <strong>da</strong>zvervis samsaxuris Seqmna. konvenciisTanaxmad, am samsaxurma fulis gaTeTrebis potenciur SemTxvevebSi un<strong>da</strong> imoqmedosinformaciis Segrovebis, analizisa <strong>da</strong> gavrcelebis centris saxiT.saqarTveloSi am mizans emsaxureba finansuri monitoringis samsaxuri, romelic„ukanono Semosavlis legalizaciis faqtebis gamovlenis mizniT iRebs monitoringisganmaxorcielebeli pirebisgan kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul informacias monitorings<strong>da</strong>qvemdebarebul garigebaTa Sesaxeb, aanalizebs mas <strong>da</strong> kanoni gaTvaliswinebulSemTxvevaSi ga<strong>da</strong>ugzavnis Sesabamis organoebs, qmnis sainformacio qsels,axorcielebs miRebuli informaciis sistematizaciasa <strong>da</strong> analizs, uzrunvelyofsSesabamis monacemTa bazis Seqmnas <strong>da</strong> normalur funqcionirebas“ <strong>da</strong> sxv.korufciuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulis kriminalizacia26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge21
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgiagaeros konvenciis me-8 muxli exeba wevr saxelmwifoTa mier korufciiskriminalizaciis valdebulebas.korufciasTan brZolis samarTlebriv regulirebas saqarTvelos moqmedsakanonmdeblo sivrceSi, qarTul sinamdvileSi misi aqtualobi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare,gansakuTebuli adgili ukavia. korufciasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul urTierTobebsaregulirebs rogorc „sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis“ Sesabamisi muxlebi, aseve 1997wlis specialuri kanoni ,,sajaro samsaxurSi interesTa SeuTavseblobisa <strong>da</strong>korufciis winaaRmdeg~. koruficiasTan brZolis mniSvnelovan samarTlebriv iaraRadiqca Tanamdebobis pirTa ukanono <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>usabuTebeli qonebis administraciuliwarmoebis gziT CamorTmevis meqanizmic.konvenciis Tanaxmad, monawile saxelmwifoebma un<strong>da</strong> moaxdinon iseT qmedebaTakriminalizacia, rogoricaa:- sajaro moxelisaTvis pir<strong>da</strong>pir <strong>da</strong> arapir<strong>da</strong>pir, raime aramarTzomieriupiratesobis <strong>da</strong>pireba, SeTavazeba an miniWeba, am moxelis an sxva iuridiuliTu fizikuri piris sasargeblod, imisaTvis, rom am moxelem misiTanamdebobrivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas ganaxorcielos raime moqmedeba anTavi Seikavos raime moqmedebis ganxorcielebisagan;- agreTve zemoT aRniSnuli mizniT sajaro moxelis mier pir<strong>da</strong>pir anarapir<strong>da</strong>pir, raime aramarTlzomieri upiratesobis miReba an moTxovna.,,saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi cvlilebebisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>matebebis SetanisSesaxeb~ iusticiis saministros mier momzadebuli kanonproeqti ayalibebs sisxlissamarTlis kodeqsis 338-e (qrTamis aReba) <strong>da</strong> 339-e (qrTamis miReba) muxlebisaxlebur formulirebas, romelic warmodgens konvenciis miTiTebuli moTxovnisa <strong>da</strong>moqmed normaTa Sejerebul variants. marTebuli iqnebo<strong>da</strong> kanonproeqtiT kodeqsze339 1 muxlis (korufciuli zemoqmedeba) <strong>da</strong>matebac, rac uzrunvelyof<strong>da</strong> meqrTameobaSiSuamavlobis kriminalizacias.konvenciis me-8 muxlis me-2 punqtis moTxovniT, savaldebuloa aseve iseTikorufciuli qmedebebis <strong>da</strong>naSaulad aRiareba, romlebic Cadenilia ucxo qveynissajaro moxelis an saerTaSoriso samoqalaqo samsaxurSi myofi piris mier.„saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi cvlilebebisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>matebebis SetanisSesaxeb~ kanonproeqtiT 338-e muxlis SeniSvnaSi 338-e, 339-e <strong>da</strong> 339 1 muxlebiTaRniSnuli moTxovna zedmiwevniTaa realizebuli.iuridiuli piris pasuxismgeblobagaeros konvenciis me-10 muxli exeba iuridiul pirTa pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxs.konvenciiT iuridiuli pirTa pasuxismgebloba SeiZleba iyos sisxlissamarTlebrivi,samoqalaqo <strong>da</strong> administraciuli.,,saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi cvlilebebisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>matebebis SetanisSesaxeb~ kanonproeqtiT „sisxlis samarTlis kodeqss“ emateba meeqvse 1 kari _iuridiuli piris sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba – romlis debulebaTaTanaxmad, sisxlis samarTlis subieqtebi SeiZleba iyvnen samewarmeo <strong>da</strong> arasamewarmeo26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 010822Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgiaiuridiuli pirebi. kanonproeqtiT maTze vrceldeba „sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT“gaTvaliwinebuli normebi, Tu maTSi sxva ram ar aris gaTvaliwinebuli, an TuSeuZleblia maTi gamoyeneba iuridiuli piris mimarT <strong>da</strong> isini Cadenilia misixelmZRvanelobis an warmomadgenlobis uflebamosilebis mqone piris mier aniuridiuli piris saxeliT, misi meSveobiT an mis sasargeblod.proeqtiT iuridiul pirs sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba SeiZleba<strong>da</strong>ekisros:-143 1 a<strong>da</strong>mianiT vaWroba;- 143 2, arasrulwlovaniT vaWroba;- 194-e ukanono Semosavlis legalizacia;- 221-e komerciuli mosyidva;- 224 1, , 323_330 terorizmi;- 331 1 terorizmis <strong>da</strong>finanseba ( proeqti);- 338-e qrTamis aReba;- 339-e qrTamis micema;- 372-e mowmis <strong>da</strong>zaralebulis, eqspertis Tarjimnis mosyidva <strong>da</strong> iZulebamuxlebSi gansazRvrul <strong>da</strong> sxva Sesabamis SemTxvevebSi.iuridiuli pirisaTvis gaTvaliwinebulia sasjelis Semdegi saxeebi:- likvi<strong>da</strong>cia;- saqmianobis uflebis CamorTmeva;- jarima <strong>da</strong>- qonebis CamorTmeva.iuridiuli piris sisxlissamarTlebriv pasuxismgeblobasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT, upirvelesyovlisa, dgeba bralis sakiTxi. saqarTvelos ”sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis” me-7muxlis pirveli nawilis Tanaxmad: ,,sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuximgeblobissafuZvelia <strong>da</strong>naSauli, e.i. am kodeqsiT gaTvaliwinebuli marTlsawinaaRmdego <strong>da</strong>braleuli qmdeba~. amdenad, kanonmdebeli <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Semadgenlobis aucilebelniSnad miiCnevs bralis arsebobas, rac qmnis <strong>da</strong>naSaulis subieqtur mxares <strong>da</strong>warmoadgens sisxlisamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobis aucilebel safuZvels.sisxlis samarTlis mecnierebaSi brals ganmartaven, rogorc ,,piris gasakicxfsiqikur <strong>da</strong>mokidebulebas qmdebasa <strong>da</strong> misi Sedegisadmi~, rac iuridiul pirsrTulad esa<strong>da</strong>geba. Sesabamisad, marTebuli iqnebo<strong>da</strong> iuridiul pirTan mimarTebaSi,nacvlad sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobisa, <strong>da</strong>wesebuliyo samoqalaqo <strong>da</strong>administraciuli samarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba.eqstradiciagaeros konvenciis me-16 muxli exeba eqstradiciis sakiTxs. misi pirveli punqtisTanaxmad, aRniSnuli muxli gamoiyeneba am konvenciiT gaTvaliwinebul <strong>da</strong>naSulebaTaCamdenis mimarT, Tu <strong>da</strong>naSauli Cadenilia pirTa organizebuli jgufis mier. amasTan,qmedeba, romlis gamoc moiTxoveba eqstradicia, <strong>da</strong>sjadi un<strong>da</strong> iyos rogorc Txovnisgamgzavni, ise mimRebi monawile saxelmwifos Si<strong>da</strong> kanonmdeblobiT.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge23
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International GeorgiasaqarTvelos konstituciis me-13 muxlis me-3 punqtis Tanaxmad, ,,saqarTvelosmoqalaqis ucxo saxelmwifosaTvis ga<strong>da</strong>cema akrZalulia~. konstitucia am kuTxiTmxolod erT gamonaklis uSvebs - saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebuliSemTxveva. eqstradiciis Taobaze sasamarTlosaTvis mimarTvis ufleba (amave muxlSi)konstituciiTvea garantirebuli.eqstradiciis sakiTxs saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobaSi aregulirebs“sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis” me-6 muxli, romlis Tanaxma<strong>da</strong>c, saqarTvelosmoqalaqe, agreTve am TvalsazrisiT masTan uflebrivad gaTanabrebuli saqarTveloSimudmivad mcxovrebi moqalaqeobis armqone piri, sisxlissamarTlebriv pasuxisgebaSimisacemad an sasjelis mosaxdelad, ar SeiZleba eqstradirebuli iyos sxvasaxelmwifoSi, Tu saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba sxva rames ar iTvaliwinebs.amave muxlis me-2 nawili exeba saqarTvelos teritoriaze myofi ucxo qveynismoqalaqisa <strong>da</strong> moqalaqeobis armoqne piris eqstradicias. aRniSnuli muxlis me-3-enawilis Tanaxmad, <strong>da</strong>uSvebelia im piris sxva saxelmwifosaTvis ga<strong>da</strong>cema, romelicidevneba politikuri mrwamsisaTvis; im qmedebisaTvis, romelic saqarTveloskanonmdeblobiT ar miekuTvneba <strong>da</strong>naSaulebs; an Tu Cadenili <strong>da</strong>naSaulisaTviseqstradiciis momTxovn qveyanaSi gaTvaliswinebulia sikvdiliT <strong>da</strong>sja.saqarTvelo 2001 wlis 16 Tebervals miuerT<strong>da</strong> 1957 wlis evropul konvencias,,eqstradiciis Sesaxeb~. Sesabamisasd, saqarTvelos moqmedi kanonmdebloba aRniSnulsakiTxSi srulad Seesabameba konvenciis me-16 muxlSi mocemul debulebebs.mowmeTa <strong>da</strong>cvagaeros konvenciis 24-e <strong>da</strong> 25-e muxlebi monawile saxelmwifoebs avaldebulebs,gaataron mowmeTa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>zaralebulebis saxelmwifoebrivi <strong>da</strong>cvis uzrunvelyofiszomebi. am TvalsazrisiT saqarTvelos moqmedi kanonmdebloba mniSvnelovan <strong>da</strong>xvewassaWiroebs.“sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis” 109-e muxli garkveulwilad iTvaliwinebsprocesis monawileTa <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi xelyofisagan <strong>da</strong>cvas (kanoni uzrunvelyofs maT<strong>da</strong>cvas im SemTxvevaSi, Tu maT winaaRmdeg Cadenilia ukanono qmedeba an arsebobsaseTi qmedebis Cadenis safrTxe). aRniSnuli muxlis me-6 punqtis Tanaxmad, am pirTamimarT SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas iseTi RoniZiebebi, rogoricaa “saxelisa <strong>da</strong>gvaris, piradobis <strong>da</strong>ma<strong>da</strong>sturebeli dokumentis an garegnobis Secvla, sxva agilasga<strong>da</strong>saxleba, sxva samuSaoze mowyoba), Tumca un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos, rom miTiTebulinormis arseboba srulad ar akmayofilebs gaeros konvenciis Sesabamis moTxovnebs,romelTa mixedviT, mowmeTa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>zaralebulTa <strong>da</strong>cvisaTvis konkretuliprocedurebi un<strong>da</strong> iyos gansazRvruli.gaeros konvencia mowmeTa <strong>da</strong>cvis mizniT iTvaliwinebs saxelmwifoTa SorisSeTanxmebebisa <strong>da</strong> morigebebis <strong>da</strong>debis SesaZleblobasac.mowmeTa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>zaralebulTa <strong>da</strong>cvis TvalsazrisiT sainteresoa sazRvargareTisqveynebis praqtikis gaTvaliwineba. <strong>da</strong>naSaulTan brZolis saerTaSoriso praqtikaa<strong>da</strong>sturebs, rom gansakuTrebul warmatebebs am mimarTulebiT aRweven is26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 010824Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International GeorgiaSesabamisi Rirebulebis qonebis (aseve konvenciiT gaTvaliwinebuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulebebisCasadenad gamoyenebuli an gamosayeneblad gankuTvnili qonebis, mowyobilobis an sxvasaSualebis) CamorTmevas.konfiskaciis, rogorc sisxlissamarTlebrivi <strong>da</strong>matebiTi sasjelis cneba cnobiliiyo sabWouri sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobisTvis. igi SemorCa <strong>da</strong>moukidebelisaqarTvelos respublikis sisxlis samarTalsac, Tumca 1997 wlis 21 ivlisissaqarTvelos sakonstitucio sasamarTlos ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebiT, im periodSi moqmedisaqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 23-e muxlis me-5 nawilis 1 punqti <strong>da</strong>96-e muxlis me-2 nawilis sanqciis is nawili, romelSic <strong>da</strong>matebiTi sasjelis saxiTkonfiskacia iyo gaTvaliwinebuli, arakonstituciurad iqna cnobili.aRniSnuli muxlebi iTvaliswineb<strong>da</strong> piradi sakuTrebis konfiskacias. specialurkonfiskacias (<strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi gziT SeZenili qonebis) sakonstitucio sasamarTlo arSexebia. Sesabamisad, marTalia, dRes moqmedi kanonmdebloba konfiskacias, rogorcsisxlissamarTlebrivi sasjelis saxes ar icnobs, Tumca uSvebs Semdeg gamonakliss:saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis” 44-e muxlis me-3-e nawils Tanaxmad, “3.<strong>da</strong>naSaulis Camdeni piris mimarT am kodeqsis 214-e (sabaJo wesis <strong>da</strong>rRveva) <strong>da</strong> 344-e (sazRvris ukanono ga<strong>da</strong>kveTa) muxlebiT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevaSi sasjelTanerTad SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas sisxlissamarTlebrivi iZulebiTi RonisZieba<strong>da</strong>naSaulis sagnis an saSualebis CamorTmevis saxiT (05.05.2000. #292)”.“sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis” 52-e muxlis pirveli nawili iTvaliswinebsmsjavrdebulisTvis mis sakuTrebaSi an kanonier mflobelobaSi arsebuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulisCasadenad gamoyenebuli nivTis usasyidlod CamorTmevasac. am muxlis Tanaxmad,msjavrdebuls CamoerTmeva nivTi, romelic masTan kanonier safuZvelze imyofeba.saqarTvelos konstituciis 21-e muxliT ganmtkicebuli sakuTrebis uflebisxelyofis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n acilebis mizniT, amave muxlis me-2 nawilma imperatiulidebulebiT <strong>da</strong>adgina, rom CamorTmevis sakiTxis ga<strong>da</strong>wyveta mxolod sasamarTloskompetenciaa. aseve kanonmdebelma, aRniSnulTan mimarTebaSi, zustad gansazRvra isgaremoebebi, rodesac SesaZlebeli xdeba miTiTebuli muxlis gamoyeneba, esenia:- saxelmwifo an sazogadoebrivi aucilebloba;- calkeul pirTa uflebebisa <strong>da</strong> Tavisuflebebis <strong>da</strong>cva;- axali <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Cadenis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n acileba.sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kanonmdebloba ganmartavs saproceso konfiskaciiscnebas: “sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis” 44-e muxli – ”saprocesokonfiskacia – <strong>da</strong>naSaulis iaraRisa <strong>da</strong> sagnis usasyidlod CamorTmeva.”saproceso konfiskacia vrceldeba im nivTze, romelic:- warmoadgen<strong>da</strong> nivTier mtkicebulebas;- iyo <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Cadenis iaraRi, saSualeba an sagani.orive am SemTxvevaSi konfiskaciis, rogorc pasuximgeblobis RonisZieba gamoiricxeba,vinai<strong>da</strong>n pirvel SemTxvevaSi adgili aqvs sazogadoebrivi uSiSroebi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinareiseTi nivTis CamorTmevas, romlis meSveobiTac mox<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Cadena, xolomeore – iseTi qonebis CamorTmevas, romelic pirTan imyofeba aramarTlzomiermflobelobaSi <strong>da</strong> amave dros miRebulia <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Cadenis Sedegad.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge27
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgiawinaswari gamoZiebis stadiaze saqmis Sewyvetisas materialuri Rirebulebis mqonenivTieri mtkicebulebis ganadgureba, saproceso konfiskacia <strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>cema xdebamxolod mosamarTlis <strong>da</strong>dgenilebis safuZvelze. am sakiTxs mosamarTle ganixilavsyvela <strong>da</strong>interesebuli piris monawileobiT, im cnobisa <strong>da</strong> sxva dokumentebissafuZvelze, romlebic momkvlevma an gamomZiebelma waradgina.,,saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi cvlilebebisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>matebebis SetanisSesaxeb~ kanonproeqti iTvaliwinebs “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis” me-40 muxlSi(sasjelis saxeebi) qonebis CamorTmevis <strong>da</strong>matebas <strong>da</strong> 41-e muxlis zemoT aRniSnulime-3-e nawilis gauqmebas. axlebura<strong>da</strong>a formulirebuli 52-e muxlic, romlisTanaxma<strong>da</strong>c, ,,qonebis CamorTmeva niSnavs <strong>da</strong>naSaulis sagnis an/<strong>da</strong> saSualebis,<strong>da</strong>naSaulis Casadenad gamiznuli nivTis, an/<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi gziT mopovebuliqonebis saxelmwifos sasargeblod usasyidlo CamorTmevas.~proeqtiT qonebis CamorTmeva gamoiyeneba yvela ganzrax <strong>da</strong>naSaulTan mimarTebaSi,maSin roca konvenciis moTxovna vrceldeba mxolod masSi gaTvaliswinebul<strong>da</strong>naSaulTa mimarT. un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos, rom am TvalsazrisiT saqarTveloskanonmdebloba akmayofilebs konvenciis moTxovnebs, ramdena<strong>da</strong>c masSigaTvaliswinebulia Tanamdebobis pirTa ukanono <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>usabuTebeli CamorTmevisa <strong>da</strong>reketuli qonebis CamorTmevis meqanizmebi. <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi gziT mopovebuli qonebislegalizaciis winaaRmdeg brZolis efeqtur saSualebebia gawerili ,,ukanonoSemosavlebis legalizaciis aRkveTis xelSewyobis Sesaxeb~ kanonSic. Tumca,konvenciasTan srul SesabamisobaSi moyvanis mizniT qarTul kanonmdeblobaSi<strong>da</strong>samatebelia sxva qonebad gar<strong>da</strong>qmnili an Secvlili qonebis konfiskaciis, agreTvesxva qonebasTan Sereuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivi gziT mopovebuli qonebis gamoyofasTan<strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli debulebebi.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge28
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgiakorufciaze sisxlis samarTlisa <strong>da</strong> samoqalaqo samarTliskonvenciebi <strong>da</strong>saqarTvelos moqmedi kanonmdebloba,,korufciaze sisxlis samarTlis konvencia" miRebul iqna 1999 wlis 27ianvars, xolo ,,korufciaze samoqalaqo samarTlis konvencia" _ 1999 wlis 4noembers q. strasburgSi.warmodgenili konvenciebi ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d gansazRvravs korufciis winaaRmdegsaxelmwifoTa jgufis (GRECO) mier gasatarebel antikorufciul zomebs, amsferoSi saerTaSoriso TanamSromlobis principebs <strong>da</strong> konvenciis Sesrulebismonitoringis meqanizmebs. maTi mizania <strong>evropis</strong> <strong>sabWos</strong> wevri saxelmwifoebis mierkorufciasTan efeqturi brZolis saerTo sisxlisamarTlebrivi <strong>da</strong> samoqalaqosamarTlebrivi politikis SemuSaveba <strong>da</strong> am mimarTulebiT aqtiuri saerTaSorisoTanamSromloba.,,korufciaze sisxlis samarTlis konvenciisgan" gansxvavebiT, ,,korufciazesamoqalaqo samarTlis konvencia" ar aniWebs xelmomwer saxelmwifoebs uflebas,konvenciis debulebaTa mimarT <strong>da</strong>Tqmebi gaakeTon. erTaderT gamonakliss am kuTxiTwarmoadgens konvenciis teritoriuli gamoyenebis sakiTxi.saqarTvelos (romelic GRECO-s wevr qveyanaTa Sorisaa) mier evro <strong>sabWos</strong>atnikorufciuli konvenciebis ratificireba mniSvnelovnad Seuwyobs xelskorufciasTan brZolis sferoSi <strong>evropis</strong> <strong>sabWos</strong>Tan TanamSromlobis gaZlierebas <strong>da</strong>saqarTvelos integracias erTian saerTaSoriso samarTlebriv sivrceSi.saqarTvelos Si<strong>da</strong> kanonmdeblobis aRniSnul saerTaSoriso aqtebTanSesabamisobaSi moyvanis mizniT saWiroa qveynis kanonmdeblobaSi garkveulicvlilebebis Setana. qvemoT mocemulia saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobasa <strong>da</strong> amkonvenciebs Soris arsebuli gansxvavebebis mokle analizi.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge29
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International GeorgiaIII. „korufciaze sisxlis samarTlis konvencia“ <strong>da</strong>saqarTvelos moqmedi kanonmdeblobasisxlissamarTlebrivi <strong>da</strong>naSauli“korufciis sisxlis samarTlis konvencia” sisxlissamarTlebriv <strong>da</strong>naSauladganixilavs iseT qmedebas, romelic gamoixateba nebismieri piris mier ganzrax,pir<strong>da</strong>pir an arapir<strong>da</strong>pir, ama Tu im moqmedebis Sesrulebis, an samsaxurebrivifunqciiT gaTvaliswinebuli moqmedebisgan Tavis Sekavebis sanacvlod romelimesaxelmwifo moxelisaTvis, misi an sxva piris interesebisken mimarTuligaumarTlebeli upiratesobis micemaSi, an am upiratesobis <strong>da</strong>pirebasa TuSeTavazebaSi.konvenciaSi gaTvaliswinebuli zemoaRniSnuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulebebis niSnebs SeicavssaqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis” XXXIX Tavis /samoxeleo <strong>da</strong>naSauli/338-e /qrTamis aReba/ <strong>da</strong> 339-e /qrTamis micema/ muxlebi, Tumca am muxlebSi saubariamxolod qrTamis aRebasa <strong>da</strong> micemaze, <strong>da</strong>pireba <strong>da</strong> SeTavazeba ki <strong>da</strong>naSaulebrivqmedebebad ar ganixileba.saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT qrTamis micema formalur <strong>da</strong>naSauls warmoadgens,<strong>da</strong>pirebis micema an SeTavazeba ki – <strong>da</strong>naSaulis erT-erT stadias. “sisxlis samarTliskanonmdebloba” icnobs <strong>da</strong>naSaulis momzadebisa <strong>da</strong> mcdelobis sxva stadiebsac,kerZod, me-18 muxlis pirveli nawili /momzadeba anu <strong>da</strong>naSaulis CadenisaTvispirobebis ganzrax Seqmna/ <strong>da</strong> me-19 muxlis pirveli nawili /mcdeloba anu ganzraxiqmedeba/ miesa<strong>da</strong>geba im SemTxvebebs, roca garkveuli qmedeba mimarTulia <strong>da</strong>naSaulisCadenisken, magram <strong>da</strong>naSauli bolomde ar aris miyvanili.konvenciis me-15 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli <strong>da</strong>pirebis micema <strong>da</strong> SeTavazeba, SesaZloa,<strong>da</strong>naSaulis momzadebis calkeul stadiebad ganvixiloT, Tumca saqarTvelos “sisxlissamarTlis kodeqsiT” sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba gaTvaliswinebuliamxolod mZime <strong>da</strong> gansakuTrebiT mZime <strong>da</strong>naSaulis momzadebisaTvis. “sisxlissamarTlis kodeqsis” 339-e muxliT gansazRvruli <strong>da</strong>naSauli ki naklebad mZime<strong>da</strong>naSaulTa kategorias ganekuTvneba <strong>da</strong> Sesabamisad, konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuliqmedebis Cadenis SemTxvevaSi, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT sisxlissamarTlebrivipasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi, SesaZloa, arc <strong>da</strong>dges.rac Seexeba “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis” 338-e muxls, am debulebis me-3 nawilis`g~ qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Semadgenloba gamoZalvas miiCnevssisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeblobis <strong>da</strong>mamZimebel garemoebad.aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTvelos iusticiis saministros mier momzadebuliakanonproeqti, romelic garkveulwilad aregulirebs ganxilul problematikas.kerZod, proeqtSi “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis” 338-e muxlis pirveli nawili <strong>da</strong>339-e muxli Camoyalibebulia Semdegi re<strong>da</strong>qciiT:`muxli 338 (1):moxelis an masTan gaTanabrebuli piris mier pir<strong>da</strong>pir an arapir<strong>da</strong>pir fulis,fasiani qaRaldis, sxva qonebis, qonebrivi sargeblis an sxva raime aramarTlzomieri26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge30
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgiaupiratesobis miReba an moTxovna, aseve aseTis SeTavazebis an <strong>da</strong>pirebis miReba, Tavisan sxva piris sasargeblod, raTa am moxelem an masTan gaTanabrebulma pirmaTanamdebobrivi ufleba-movaleobebis Sesrulebisas qrTamis mimcemis an sxva pirissasargeblod ganaxorcielos raime moqmedeba an Tavi Seikavos raime moqmedebisganxorcielebisagan an gamoiyenos Tavisi Tanamdebobrivi avtoriteti analogiurimiznis misaRwevad, agreTve mis mier samsaxurebrivi mfarvelobis ganxorcieleba, _isjeba Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT xuTi<strong>da</strong>n aT wlamde.”`muxli 339. qrTamis micema1. moxelisaTvis an masTan gaTanabrebuli pirisaTvis, pir<strong>da</strong>pir an arapir<strong>da</strong>pir,fulis, fasiani qaRaldis, sxva qonebis, qonebrivi sargeblis an sxva raimearamarTlzomieri upiratesobis <strong>da</strong>pireba, SeTavazeba an miniWeba moxelis (masTangaTanabrebuli piris) an sxva piris sasargeblod, raTa am moxelem (masTangaTanabrebulma pirma) Tanamdebobrivi ufleba-movaleobebis Sesrulebisas qrTamismimcemis an sxva piris sasargeblod ganaxorcielos raime moqmedeba an Tavi Seikavosraime moqmedebis ganxorcielebisagan an gamoiyenos Tavisi Tanamdebobrivi avtoritetianalogiuri miznis misaRwevad, agreTve ganaxorcielos samsaxurebrivi mfarveloba, _isjeba jarimiT an gamasworebeli samuSaoTi vadiT or wlamde an TavisuflebisSezRudviT imave vadiT an tusaRobiT vadiT sam Tvemde an<strong>da</strong> Tavisuflebis aRkveTiTvadiT or wlamde.2. igive qmedeba, Cadenili:a) ukanono qmedebis Casadenad;b) organizebuli jgufis mier, _isjeba Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT oTxi<strong>da</strong>n rva wlamde.SeniSvna:1. sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobisagan Tavisufldeba qrTamis mimcemi, Tumas qrTami gamosZales an Tu man qrTamis micemis Sesaxeb nebayoflobiT ganacxa<strong>da</strong>sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRmZvrel organoSi.2. am muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli qmedebisaTvis iuridiuli piri isjeba jarimiT.~subieqtTa wre“korufciis sisxlis samarTlis konvenciis” momdevno muxlebi gansazRvravsaRniSnul samarTal<strong>da</strong>rRvevaTa subieqtebs, kerZod, am <strong>da</strong>naSaulTa Semadgenlobissavaldebulo subieqtTa Soris arian wevri saxelmwifos:- sakanonmdeblo <strong>da</strong> administraciuli xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebi;- ucxo qveynis saxelmwifo moxeleebi <strong>da</strong> warmomadgenlobiTi funqciis mqonepirebi;- saerTaSoriso organizaciebis moxeleebi;- saerTaSoriso saparlamento asambleis wevrebi;- saerTaSoriso sasamarTloebis mosamarTleebi <strong>da</strong> moxeleebi.saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi” zemoT CamoTvlil subieqtTa mxri<strong>da</strong>nkorufciuli samarTal<strong>da</strong>rRvevis CadenisaTvis pasuxismgeblobas ar iTvaliswinebs,Tumca iusticiis saministros mier momzadebul kanonproeqtSi Cadebulia debulebebi,romelTa Tanaxmad, kodeqsis saTanado muxlebis miznebisaTvis saxelmwifomoxelesTan gaTanabrebuli piri aseve gulisxmobs:26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 010831Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgia- ucxo qveynis saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis pirs (maT Soris sakanonmdeblo an/<strong>da</strong>administraciuli uflebamosilebis ganmaxorcielebeli saxelmwifo organoswevrs);- im saerTaSoriso organizaciis an organos, romelTa wevri arissaqarTvelo, Tanamdebobis pirs an xelSekrulebis safuZvelze <strong>da</strong>qiravebulTanamSromels;- aseve nebismier mivlinebul an aramivlinebul pirs, romelic asrulebs amTanamdebobis piris an TanamSromlis funqciebis Sesabamis funqciebs;- im saerTaSoriso saparlamento krebis wevrs, romlis monawilesaqarTveloa;- im saerTaSoriso sasamarTlos an sasamarTlo organos mosamarTles <strong>da</strong>Tanamdebobis pirs, romlis iurisdiqcias cnobs saqarTvelo.Suamavloba“korufciis sisxlis samarTlis konvenciis” me-12 muxli aseve <strong>da</strong>naSaulad acxadebsuaryofiTi gavlenis moxdenaSi Suamavlobas, anu nebismieri piris mier konvenciis me-2 <strong>da</strong> me-3 muxlebiT gaTvaliswinebuli qmedebis ganxorcielebas konvenciiTgansazRvrul subieqtebze zegavlenis moxdenis mizniT miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa,ganxorciel<strong>da</strong> Tu ara es zegavlena, an mohyva Tu ara mas winaswar ganzraxuliSedegi.saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi” ar axdens korufciul <strong>da</strong>naSaulSiSuamavlobis kriminalizacias. zemoaRniSnuli saxis Suamavlobis kriminalizacias arciusticiis saministros mier momzadebuli Sesabamisi kanonproeqti iTvaliswinebs.aq un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos, rom es sakiTxi ukeT iyo <strong>da</strong>regulirebuli saqarTvelos 1960wels miRebul <strong>da</strong> 1961 wels amoqmedebul “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi”, romlis189(1) muxlis Tanaxmad, <strong>da</strong>naSaulad cxaddebo<strong>da</strong> meqrTameobaSi Suamavloba <strong>da</strong> igiisjebo<strong>da</strong> Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT 2-<strong>da</strong>n 8 wlamde.fizikuri <strong>da</strong> iuridiuli pirebis pasuxismgeblobasaqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT korufciul qmedebad ganixileba mxolod Tanamdebobispiris mier Cadenili korufciuli <strong>da</strong>naSauli, Tumca “korufciis sisxlis samarTliskonvencia” korufciuli qmedebis subieqtTa wres miakuTvnebs kerZo fizikur <strong>da</strong>iuridiul pirebsac (me-18 muxli, pirveli <strong>da</strong> mesame punqtebi).<strong>da</strong>naSaulis Cadenis <strong>da</strong>xmareba, waqezeba“korufciis sisxlis samarTlis konvenciis” me-15 muxlis Tanaxmad, yvela monawilesaxelmwifom un<strong>da</strong> gaataros Sesabamisi samarTlebrivi zomebi, sisxlis samarTlebriv<strong>da</strong>naSaulad <strong>da</strong>dgindes <strong>da</strong>naSaulis CadenaSi <strong>da</strong>xmareba an am <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Cadeniswaqezeba.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge32
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International GeorgiasaqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi” waqezeba <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>naSaulSi <strong>da</strong>xmareba calke<strong>da</strong>naSaulTa Semadgenlobis saxiT ar aris gansazRvruli, isini ganxilulia<strong>da</strong>naSaulSi Tanamonawileobis formebad. kodeqsis 24-e muxlis mixedviT, wamqezebeliapiri, romelmac sxva piri <strong>da</strong>iyolia ganzraxi <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Cadenaze, xolo <strong>da</strong>mxmareapiri, romelmac xeli Seuwyo <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Cadenas.saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis” 145-e muxli calke <strong>da</strong>naSauladganixilavs <strong>da</strong>naSaulis provokacias, rac gulisxmobs misi SemdomSisisxlissamarTlebriv pasuxisgebaSi micemis mizniT piris <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Cadenaze<strong>da</strong>yoliebas.iuridiuli piris pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi“korufciis sisxlis samarTlis konvenciis” erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelovanisamarTlebrivi novaciaa iuridiuli piris pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi. es novaciasaqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi konceptualuri saxis clilebebs moiTxovs. konvenciisTanaxmad, monawile saxelmwifoebma un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>aweson sanqciebi am konvenciiTgaTvaliswinebuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulebis (meqrTameoba, fulis gaTeTreba <strong>da</strong> a.S.) iuridiulipirebis mier CadenisTvis.saqarTvelos parlamenti mocemul etapze ganixilavs kanonproeqts, romeliciTvaliswinebs iuridiuli piris sisxlissamarTlebriv pasuxismgeblobas “sisxlissamarTlis kodeqsiT” gaTvaliswinebuli im <strong>da</strong>naSaulebisaTvis, romlebic Cadeniliapasuxismgebeli piris mier iuridiuli piris saxeliT, an misi meSveobiT(gamoyenebiT), an/<strong>da</strong> mis sasargeblod. pasuxismgebel pirad moiazreba iuridiulipiris xelmZRvanelobaze, warmomadgenlobaze, misi saxeliT ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis miRebazeuflebamosili piri, an/<strong>da</strong> iuridiuli piris sameTvalyureo, sakontrolo, sarevizio<strong>da</strong> sakonsultacio organos wevri.am sisxlissamarTlebrivi institutis siaxlis gaTvaliswinebiT proeqtiTgansazRvrulia iuridiuli piris sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnis SesaZleblobamxolod calkeuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulebisaTvis, kerZod, trefiki ukanono Semosavlebislegalizacia, terorizmi, meqrTameoba <strong>da</strong> a.S. (`gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciiskonvenciiT korufciis winaaRmdeg~ gaTvaliswinebuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulebi). kanonproeqtiaseve adgens iuridiuli piris mimarT gamosayenebel sasjelTa saxeebs <strong>da</strong> maTigamoyenebisa <strong>da</strong> aRsrulebis wesebsa <strong>da</strong> pirobebs.ukanono qonebis konfiskacia“korufciis sisxlis samarTlis konvenciis” me-19 muxli exeba konvenciiTgansazRvruli <strong>da</strong>naSaulebis Cadenis saSualebebis <strong>da</strong> am <strong>da</strong>naSaulebaTa saSualebiTmiRebuli Semosavlis, an misi adekvaturi Rirebulebis qonebis konfiskacias anCamorTmevas.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge33
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International GeorgiasaqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT konfiskaciis samarTlebrivi institutis gamoyenebisSesaZlebloba sustad aris <strong>da</strong>regulirebuli. es nawilobriv ganpirobebuliasaqarTvelos sakonstitucio sasamarTlos erT-erTi pirveli ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetiebiT,romliTac qonebis konfiskacia, rogorc <strong>da</strong>matebiTi sasjelis saxis samarTlebriviinstituti, antikonstituciurad gamocxad<strong>da</strong>.saqarTvelos moqmedi “administraciul samarTal<strong>da</strong>rRvevaTa kodeqsi” Seicavsgarkveul debulebebs administraciuli konfiskaciis samarTlebrivi bunebis Sesaxeb.kanonis zogadi nawili (24-e <strong>da</strong> 25-e muxlebi) adgens konfiskaciis rogorc ZiriTad,ise <strong>da</strong>matebiT administraciul saxdelad gamoyenebis SesaZleblobas.konfiskaciis institutis nairsaxeobas iTvaliswinebs saqarTvelos “sisxlissamarTlis saproceso kodeqsis” 44-e, 124-e, 410-e, 412-e, 424-e, 425-e, 426-e, 427-e,510-e <strong>da</strong> 511-e muxlebic, kerZod, am muxlebiT gansazRvrulia e.w. saprocesokonfiskacia _ <strong>da</strong>naSaulis iaraRis <strong>da</strong> sagnis usasyidlo CamorTmeva, racxorcieldeba mosamarTlis <strong>da</strong>dgenilebis safuZvelze.“sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi” aseve uSvebs sisxlis samarTlis saqmezesasamarTlo ganaCenamde qonebis konfiskaciis SesaZleblobas. kerZod, saqarTvelossisxlis samarTlis <strong>da</strong> administraciuli samarTlis saproceso kodeqsebiTgaTvaliswinebulia <strong>da</strong>usabuTebeli qonebis nawilSi administraciuli devnisganxorcielebis SesaZlebloba im Tanamdebobis pirTa mimarT, romlebic emalebiangamoZiebas. “sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis” 37 1 muxlis Tanaxmad,Tanamdebobis piris ukanono <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>usabuTebel qonebasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT prokurorsufleba aqvs administraciuli saproceso wesiT aRZras sarCeli qonebis CamorTmevisa<strong>da</strong> saxelmwifosaTvis ga<strong>da</strong>cemis Sesaxeb.saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebs reketiris<strong>da</strong> reketul qonebasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT specialur saproceso saprocesoregulaciebsac.mtkicebulebebis Segroveba“korufciis sisxlis samarTlis konvenciis” 23-e muxli avaldebulebs monawilesaxelmwifoebs, miiRon sakanonmdeblo <strong>da</strong> sxva zomebi <strong>da</strong>naSaulebTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebulimtkicebulebebis Segrovebis gaadvilebis mizniT. kerZod, uzrunvelyofil un<strong>da</strong> iqnasbankis, finansuri <strong>da</strong> komerciuli registrebis xelmisawvdomoba sasamarTloebisa <strong>da</strong>saTanado kompetenturi organoebisaTvis. bankis saidumloeba ar un<strong>da</strong> iqcesSeferxebad mtkicebulebaTa Segrovebis procesSi.konvenciis Sesabamisi Sinaarsis normebi gaTvaliswinebulia saqarTvelos mTel rigkanonebSi. kerZod, saqarTvelos konstituciis 41-e muxlis meore punqtis Tanaxmad,,,oficialur CanawerebSi arsebuli informacia, romelic <strong>da</strong>kavSirebulia a<strong>da</strong>mianisjanmrTelobasTan, mis finansebTan an sxva kerZo sakiTxebTan, aravisTvis ar un<strong>da</strong>26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 010834Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgiaiyos xelmisawvdomi TviT am a<strong>da</strong>mianis Tanxmobis gareSe, gar<strong>da</strong> kanoniT <strong>da</strong>dgeniliSemTxvevebisa, rodesac es aucilebelia saxelmwifo uSiSroebis an sazogadoebriviusafrTxoebis uzrunvelsayofad, janmrTelobis, sxvaTa uflebebisa <strong>da</strong>Tavisuflebebis <strong>da</strong>sacavad".amave sakiTxTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT saqarTvelos kanoni ,,komerciuli bankebis Sesaxeb"adgens, rom ,,cnobebi fizikuri <strong>da</strong> iuridiuli pirebis angariSebis, an angariSebi<strong>da</strong>nganxorcielebuli operaciebisa <strong>da</strong> angariSebze arsebuli naSTebis Sesaxeb SeiZlebamieces Sesabamisi angariSebis mflobelebs <strong>da</strong> maT warmomadgenlebs, agreTvekanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi saqarTvelos finansuri monitoringissamsaxurs. sxva pirebs es informacia miecema mxolod sasamarTlos Sesabamisi aqtissafuZvelze".informaciis TavisuflebasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul sakiTxs awesrigebs aseve ,,saqarTveloszogadi administraciuli kodeqsis” mesame Tavic.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge35
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International GeorgiaIV. ,,korufciaze samoqalaqo samarTlis konvencia" <strong>da</strong>saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobakorufciis subieqtisaqarTvelos Si<strong>da</strong> kanonmdeblobaSi termini ,,korufcia" gamoiyeneba mxolod ,,sajarosamsaxurTan" mimarTebiT <strong>da</strong> Sesabamisad, erovnuli kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, am saxissamarTal<strong>da</strong>rRvevis specialur subieqtad gamodis sajaro mosamsaxure. ,,sajarosamsaxurSi interesTa SeuTavseblobisa <strong>da</strong> korufciis Sesaxeb" saqarTvelos kanonisganmartebiT, sajaro samsaxurSi korufcia aris Tanamdebobis piris mier Tanamdebobisan masTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli SesaZleblobis gamoyeneba kanoniT akrZaluli qonebrivi ansxva sikeTis miRebis mizniT, agreTve misTvis am sikeTis ga<strong>da</strong>cema an mis miRebasa <strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>kanonebaSi xelis Sewyoba.“korufciaze samoqalaqo samarTlis konvenciiT” ki korufciuli samarTal<strong>da</strong>rRvevissubieqti SeiZleba iyos aramxolod sajaro mosamsaxure, aramed kerZo piric.korufciuli <strong>da</strong>naSaulisaqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT” korufciul <strong>da</strong>naSaulad ganixilebamxolod qrTamis micema <strong>da</strong> misi aReba.“korufciaze samoqalaqo samarTlis konvencia” korufciul qmedebad acxadebsqrTamis an sxva arasaTanado upiratesobis, an misi <strong>da</strong>pirebis moTxovnasa <strong>da</strong>SeTavazebasac.zaralis kompensacia“korufciaze samoqalaqo samarTlis konvenciis” me-3 muxlis moTxovnebTanSesabamisobaSia saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis” IV <strong>da</strong> XIITavebi, romlebiTac <strong>da</strong>culia <strong>da</strong>zaralebuli piris ufleba, aRZras sarCelikorufciuli qmedebis Sedegad miRebuli zaralis kompensaciis mizniT.“sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis” 30-e muxlis pirveli nawilis Tanaxmad,,,pirs, romelsac uSualod <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Sedegad miadga qonebrivi, fizikuri anmoraluri ziani, ufleba aqvs sisxlis samarTlis saqmis warmoebisas moiTxovoszianis anazRaureba <strong>da</strong> am mizniT waradginos samoqalaqo sarCeli”. imave muxlismeore nawilis Tanaxmad, qonebrivi <strong>da</strong> moraluri zianis anazRaurebis moTxovnisufleba aqvT aseve iuridiul pirebsac.saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsiT” sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTagamo samoqalaqo sarCeli SeiZleba wardgenil iqnas rogorc sisxlis, ise samoqalaqosamarTalwarmoebis wesiT.ramdena<strong>da</strong>c korufciuli qmedeba (qrTamis aReba <strong>da</strong> sxv.) saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiTsisxlissamarTlis <strong>da</strong>naSauls warmoadgens, Sesabamisad sisxlis samarTlis saprocesokodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli zianis anazRaurebis samarTlebrivi meqanizmi am26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 010836Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTveloTransparency International Georgiakategoriis samarTal<strong>da</strong>rRvevebzec vrceldeba <strong>da</strong> saSualebas iZleva konvenciiTgaTvaliswinebuli amocanebi srulad ganxorcieldes. am TvalsazrisiT saqarTveloskanonmdebloba adgens zianis anazRaurebaze <strong>da</strong>zaralebulis uflebis <strong>da</strong>cvis mTelrig garantiebs: sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 33-e muxlis meoTxe nawilisSesabamisad, ,,braldebulis <strong>da</strong>udgenloba ar abrkolebs samoqalaqo sarCeliswardgenas. saqmis warmoebis SeCerebis SemTxvevaSi, Tu braldebuli <strong>da</strong>imala, misiadgilsamyofeli an pasuxisgebaSi misacemi piri <strong>da</strong>udgenelia, sarCeli zianisanazRaurebis Sesaxeb SeiZleba waredginos saxelmwifos samoqalaqosamarTalwarmoebis wesiT".aRsaniSnavia isic, rom saqarTvelos “sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis”Tanaxmad, samoqalaqo sarCeli sisxlis samarTlis saqmeze saxelmwifo baJiT aribegreba. “samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis” Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo xarjebisga<strong>da</strong>xdisagan Tavisufldebian mosarCeleebi <strong>da</strong>naSauliT miyenebuli materialurizaralis anazRaurebis sarCelebze (muxli 46).saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi asaxulia “korufciaze samoqalaqo samarTliskonvenciis” me-4-e muxlis moTxovnac, romelic adgens im pirobebs, Tu rodis un<strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>eqvemdebaros zarali kompensacias. kerZod, konvenciiT <strong>da</strong>dgenili is ZiriTadipiroba, romelicaa korufciul qmedebasa <strong>da</strong> miyenebul zarals Soris mizezobrivikavSiris arseboba, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Semadgenel elementswarmoadgens, romlis gareSec <strong>da</strong>naSaulebriv qmedebas adgili ara aqvs <strong>da</strong> Sesabamisadzianis anazRaurebis moTxovnis safuZvelsac ar warmoSobs.zianis anazRaurebis xan<strong>da</strong>zmulobis va<strong>da</strong>“korufciaze samoqalaqo samarTlis konvenciis” me-7 muxlisagan gansxvavebiT,romelic zianis anazRaurebis procedurebisaTvis xan<strong>da</strong>zmulobis vadebis <strong>da</strong>dgenasiTvaliswinebs, saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa gamo aRZrulsamoqalaqo sarCelebze xan<strong>da</strong>zmulobis vadebs ar awesebs. saqarTvelos “sisxlissamarTlis saproceso kodeqsis” 39-e muxlis Tanaxmad, ,,sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTagamo aRZrul samoqalaqo sarCelebze ar vrceldeba samarTlis sxva <strong>da</strong>rgebSi<strong>da</strong>dgenili sasarCelo xan<strong>da</strong>zmulobis vadebi."kontraqtis gauqmeba“korufciaze samoqalaqo samarTlis konvenciis” me-8 muxli monawile saxelmwifoebsavaldebulebs Si<strong>da</strong> kanonmdeblobiT uzrunvelyon nebismieri im kontraqtis ankontraqtis calkeuli debulebis gauqmeba, romelic korufcias emsaxureba.saqarTvelos “samoqalaqo kodeqsis” 54-e muxli adgens, rom ,,baTilia garigeba,romelic arRvevs kanoniT <strong>da</strong>dgenil wessa <strong>da</strong> akrZalvebs, ewinaaRmdegeba sajarowesrigs an zneobis normebs". bunebrivia, garigeba, romelic emsaxureba korufcias,arRvevs kanoniT <strong>da</strong>dgenil akrZalvebs <strong>da</strong> ewinaaRmdegeba zneobis normebs, Sesabamisa<strong>da</strong>mgvari garigeba baTilobas eqvemdebareba <strong>da</strong> am TvalsazrisiT saqarTveloskanonmdebloba srul SesabamisobaSia “korufciaze samoqalaqo samarTlis konvenciis”moTxovnasTan.26, Rustaveli Avenue • Third Floor • Tbilisi • 0108Phone: + (995 32) 92 14 03; 99 93 35; 93 21 29 • Fax: + (995 32) 92 02 51E-mail: info@transparency.ge • www.transparency.ge37
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