bunebrivi katastrofebis riskis marTva da bunebrivi katastrofebiT ...
bunebrivi katastrofebis riskis marTva da bunebrivi katastrofebiT ...
bunebrivi katastrofebis riskis marTva da bunebrivi katastrofebiT ...
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<strong>da</strong>zaralebuli mosaxleoba. amdenad, kvlevis migraciisadmi miZRvnili nawili nawilobriv<br />
emyareba migrantebTan Catarebuli interviuebiT miRebul informacias.<br />
angariSis struqtura<br />
angariSis pirvel TavSi mokle<strong>da</strong>a ganxiluli, Tu ras iTvaliswinebs <strong>katastrofebis</strong><br />
<strong>riskis</strong> marTvis koncefcia <strong>da</strong> aseve warmodgenilia kvlevisaTvis relevanturi zogierTi<br />
terminis ganmarteba. me-2 TavSi aRwerilia stiqiuri <strong>bunebrivi</strong> movlenebis tendenciebi<br />
saqarTveloSi. angariSis me-3 TavSi gaanalizebulia <strong>bunebrivi</strong> <strong>katastrofebis</strong> <strong>riskis</strong><br />
marTvis arsebuli politika, me-4 TavSi instituciuri sistema, me-5 TavSi ki, aRwerili <strong>da</strong><br />
gaanalizebulia samarTlebrivi sivrce. me-6 Tavi eZRvneba <strong>bunebrivi</strong> <strong>katastrofebis</strong> <strong>riskis</strong><br />
marTvis finansuri aspeqtebis analizs, xolo meSvideSi, mokle<strong>da</strong>a aRwerili <strong>bunebrivi</strong><br />
<strong>katastrofebis</strong> <strong>riskis</strong> <strong>marTva</strong>Si saerTaSoriso TanamSromlobis gamocdileba. me-8 Tavi<br />
mTlianad eZRvneba <strong>bunebrivi</strong> <strong>katastrofebiT</strong> gamowveuli migraciis marTvis politikis,<br />
instituciuri, samarTlebrivi, finansuri <strong>da</strong> migraciis socialur-ekonomikuri aspeqtebis<br />
ganxilvas. angariSis bolo TavSi warmodgenilia <strong>da</strong>skvnebi <strong>da</strong> rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi.<br />
1. <strong>katastrofebis</strong> <strong>riskis</strong> marTvis koncenfcia<br />
ukanaskneli wlebis ganmavlobaSi msoflio <strong>katastrofebis</strong> sagangaSod mzardi<br />
raodenobisa <strong>da</strong> sul ufro mZime Sedegebis winaSe aRmoCn<strong>da</strong>. saSualod, 2000-2005 wlebSi<br />
yovelwliurad 240 milioni a<strong>da</strong>miani moeqca <strong>bunebrivi</strong> katastrofis zegavlenis qveS. am<br />
eqvsi wlis ganmavlobaSi yovel wels <strong>bunebrivi</strong> katastrofis msxverpli gax<strong>da</strong> saSualod<br />
80 aTasi a<strong>da</strong>miani <strong>da</strong> katastrofebma gamoiwvia 80 miliardi dolaris Rirebulebis zarali.<br />
<strong>katastrofebiT</strong> gamowveuli <strong>da</strong>nakargebi msoflioSi izrdeba sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva faqtorTa gamo,<br />
maT Sorisaa: 1<br />
• klimatis cvlilebasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli amindis eqstremaluri SemTxvevebis<br />
raodenobis zr<strong>da</strong>;<br />
• sasoflo-sameurneo warmoebis sistemebi, romlebic zrdian risks (magaliTad,<br />
aramdgradi mesaqonleoba, an bio-sawvavis warmoeba miwebze, romlebic uwin tyeebs<br />
ekavaT);<br />
• mosaxleobis raodenobis zr<strong>da</strong> demografiul cvlilebebTan erTad; mosaxleobis iseTi<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>adgileba, romelic iwvevs <strong>da</strong>ugegmav urbanizacias, sakvebze, saqonelsa <strong>da</strong><br />
momsaxurebaze moTxovnis zr<strong>da</strong>s; <strong>da</strong><br />
• bunebriv resursebze mzardi zewola <strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>Warbebuli eqsplutacia.<br />
mraval avtorTa azriT, ganviTareba <strong>da</strong> katastrofebi mWidro<strong>da</strong>a urTierT<strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli.<br />
maTi azriT, ganviTarebadi qveynebi <strong>da</strong> Raribebi ufro mowyvladni arian stiqiuri<br />
<strong>bunebrivi</strong> movlenebis Sedegebis mimarT, rogorc sicocxlis, ise saarsebo garemos<br />
TvalsazrisiT. <strong>katastrofebis</strong> gamo, SesaZloa SeCerdes siRaribis <strong>da</strong>Zlevaze, ganaTlebaze,<br />
jan<strong>da</strong>cvaze, wyalsa <strong>da</strong> sanitariaze mimarTuli socialuri investiciebi; didia aseve<br />
ekonomikuri <strong>da</strong>nakargebi – zog SemTxvevaSi, aseTi <strong>da</strong>nakargebi wliur mTlian Si<strong>da</strong><br />
produqtsac (mSp-s) ki aWarbebs. kvlevebi aCveneben, rom Raribebi ufro metad ikaveben<br />
iseT saxifaTo teritoriebs, rogoricaa mdinareTa Walebi, <strong>da</strong>mreci ferdobebi,<br />
meliorirebuli miwebi <strong>da</strong> xeobebi. Raribebi aseve iZulebulni arian infrastruqturisa<br />
<strong>da</strong> sacxovrisisTvis gamoiyenon <strong>da</strong>bali xarisxis masalebi, rac kidev ufro zrdis maT<br />
1 Baas, S., Selvaraju, R., De Pryck J., Battista F., 2008, Disaster Risk Management System Analysis; Environment, Climate<br />
Change and Bioneregy Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, January 2008<br />
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