tyis ukanono WrasTan brZolisa da monitoringis meTodebi
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tyis ukanono WrasTan brZolisa da monitoringis meTodebi

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2006

i. maWaraSvili n. gujaraiZe<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>ukanono</strong> <strong>WrasTan</strong> <strong>brZolisa</strong> <strong>da</strong><strong>monitoringis</strong> <strong>meTodebi</strong>saxelmZRvanelo saqarTvelos moqalaqeebisaTvisTbilisi 2006

sarCeviSesavali 3I nawili 6saqarTvelos tyeebi 6saqarTvelos satyeo seqtoris marTvis ZiriTadi safuZvlebi 9sakanonmdeblo safuZvlebi 9saqarTvelos tyeebis marTvasa <strong>da</strong> kontrolze pasuxismgebelisaxelmwifo struqturebi 12<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>ukanono</strong> <strong>WrasTan</strong> <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli aqtualuri sakiTxebi -kiTxvebi <strong>da</strong> pasuxebi 16II nawili 31<strong>monitoringis</strong> <strong>da</strong>niSnuleba 31<strong>monitoringis</strong> upiratesobani 31<strong>monitoringis</strong> zogadi mimoxilva 33<strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtebi <strong>da</strong> programebi 35<strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtis etapebi 38<strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtis I etapi: <strong>da</strong>gegmareba 40<strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtis II etapi: ganxorcieleba 47<strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtis III etapi: komunikacia <strong>da</strong> gavlena 57reaqciisa <strong>da</strong> gamoxmaurebis prognozireba <strong>da</strong> maTTvis mzaoba 67Semowmebis procesi 67rodis un<strong>da</strong> SewyvitiT monitoringi? 68Semdegi nabiji 68gamoyenebuli literatura 69

Sesavalitye rTuli ekosistemaa, romelic aerTianebs cocxali <strong>da</strong> aracocxalibunebis mraval komponents. gasuli saukunis ganmavlobaSi msofliosunikaluri xeluxlebeli tyeebis didi nawili a<strong>da</strong>mianis xelmagaanadgura. TiToeuli saxeoba, TiToeuli ekosistema ganumeorebelia,mas milionobiT wlis istoria gaaCnia. <strong>tyis</strong> ganadgurebas Tan sdevsuamravi cxovelisa <strong>da</strong> mcenaris ganadgurebac, romlebic <strong>da</strong>mokidebuliarian <strong>tyis</strong> ekosistemaze. ukontrolo <strong>tyis</strong> Wra iwvevs <strong>tyis</strong> xanZrebs,mewyerebsa <strong>da</strong> wyaldidobebs, cvlis wylis reJimsa, <strong>da</strong> adgilobriv <strong>da</strong>globalur klimats. <strong>ukanono</strong> Wrebis erT-erTi mtkivneuli Sedegiatyeze <strong>da</strong>mokidebuli mosaxleobis gaRaribeba. ganviTarebad qveynebSiskolebisa <strong>da</strong> saavadmyofoebis asaSeneblad Tu sanitaruli pirobebisgasaumjobeseblad saWiro fuli xe-<strong>tyis</strong> baronebisa <strong>da</strong> korumpirebulisaxelmwifo moxeleebis jibeSi xvdeba. <strong>ukanono</strong>d mopovebuli xe-<strong>tyis</strong>umetesoba eqsportirdeba. Raribi qveynebis umniSvnelovanesi resursiCalis fasad iyideba CrdiloeT amerikis, evropisa <strong>da</strong> aRmosavleTaziis mdi<strong>da</strong>r qveynebSi. aq mas mdidruli saxlebis mosawyobad,Zvirfasi avejisa <strong>da</strong> suraTis CarCoebis <strong>da</strong>samzadeblad iyeneben.tyeebis ekonomikuri mniSvneloba<strong>tyis</strong> produqtebisgan yovelwliurad <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 300 miliardi aSSdolaris Rirebulebis produqcia mzaddeba: samSeneblo <strong>da</strong> avejismasala, qaRaldi, medikamentebi, sakvebi <strong>da</strong> uamravi sxva produqti.msoflioSi <strong>da</strong>mzadebuli merqnis naxevars moixmaren aSS, <strong>da</strong>savleTevropis qveynebi <strong>da</strong> iaponia, sa<strong>da</strong>c planetis mosaxleobis mxolod20% cxovrobs.msoflioSi <strong>da</strong>mzadebuli merqnis 55% gamoiyeneba gasaTbobad <strong>da</strong>sakvebis mosamzadeblad. am merqnis nawili pir<strong>da</strong>pir SeSad gamoiyeneba,nawilisgan ki xis naxSirs amzadeben. 1950 wlis Semdeg moTxovnilebamerqanze orjer gaizar<strong>da</strong>, amasTan qaRaldis <strong>da</strong>samzadebladgamoyenebam gaaswro merqnis sawvavi miznebiT gamoyenebas. 1995-2010 wlebis monakveTSi qaRaldze msoflio moTxovnileba orjergaizrdeba. yvelaze meti raodenobiT qaRalds erT sul mosaxlezemoixmars aSS, Semdeg iaponia <strong>da</strong> germania. (Miller , 2000).tyeebis ekologiuri mniSvnelobatyiani wyalgamyofi qedebi giganturi Rrublebis msgavsad,amcireben Camonadenis siCqares <strong>da</strong> kvebaven nakadulebs, wyaroebs,mdinareebsa <strong>da</strong> miwisqveSa wylebs. amiT, isini aregulireben mTebi<strong>da</strong>nsasoflo sameurneo savargulebisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>saxlebuli adgilebisakenCamonadeni wylis reJims; amcireben <strong>da</strong>naleqis raodenobas, romelicirecxeba mdinareebsa <strong>da</strong> tbebSi <strong>da</strong> nia<strong>da</strong>gis erozias.

tyeebi gavlenas axdenen klimatze. magaliTad, tropikuli tyeebisTavze tenianobis 50-80% xeebis mier wylis aoTqlebis Sedegia. Tuam tyeebis didi farTobi gaiCexeba, wliuri tenianobis maCvenebeli<strong>da</strong>bla <strong>da</strong>ecema <strong>da</strong> maRali temperaturis gamo hava mSrali <strong>da</strong> cxeligaxdeba, rasac moyveba nia<strong>da</strong>gis gamofitva. Sedegad tropikuli <strong>tyis</strong>adgils u<strong>da</strong>bno <strong>da</strong>ikavebs.tyeebs sasicocxlo mniSvneloba aqvT naxSirbadis globalurbrunvaSi. isini STanTqaven naxSirorJangis 90%-s. xmeleTis sxvabiomebTan Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT, tyeebSi binadrobs cxovelTa yvelaze meti saxeoba.tyeebi axSoben xmaurs <strong>da</strong> akaveben haeris <strong>da</strong>mabinZureblebs.udidesia tyeebis sulieri <strong>da</strong> kulturuli mniSvneloba. mravalicivilizaciisa <strong>da</strong> kulturis warmoSoba <strong>da</strong> istoria <strong>da</strong>kavSirebulia<strong>tyis</strong> ekosistemebTan.mecnierebma tyeebis ekologiuri mniSvnelobis monetaruladgamosaxva scades. gamomuSavebuli Jangbadis, haeris gasufTavebis,nia<strong>da</strong>gis ganayofierebis, eroziisa <strong>da</strong> tenianobis kontrolis,wylis ciklSi monawileobisa <strong>da</strong> cxovelTa sabinadro garemosgaTvaliswinebiT, erTi tipiuri xis Rirebulebam 196 250 aSS dolariSeadgina. imave xis gamoyeneba merqnis saxiT 590 aSS dolaris odenobisSemosavals moitan<strong>da</strong> (Miller, 2000). amiT naTlad Cans, ramdenad didiaxis xangrZlivdroiani ekologiuri mogeba mokle droze gaTvlilekonomikur mogebasTan Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT.tye ar aris ficrebis erToblioba, romelsac droebiTfoTlebi aqvs gamosxmuli!uxsovari droi<strong>da</strong>n a<strong>da</strong>miani <strong>tyis</strong> resursebs iyeneb<strong>da</strong> sakvebad,saTbob saSualebad, saSen masalad <strong>da</strong> sxva saWiroebisaTvis;Tumca, ukanaskneli saukunis ganmavlobaSi tye mTels msoflioSigansakuTrebiT didi raodenobiT ganadgur<strong>da</strong>. indoneziaSi, sa<strong>da</strong>cdReisaTvis msoflios tropikuli tyeebis 10% SemorCa, yovelwliuradbelgiis farTobis toli teritoria iCexeba.bolo aTwleulis mZime socialur-ekonomikurma mdgomareobam<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>ukanono</strong>d <strong>da</strong> umowyalod Cexva gamoiwvia Cvens qveyanaSic. bevria<strong>da</strong>miani tyes uyurebs, mxolod rogorc merqnis mosapovebel sabados,sa<strong>da</strong>c SeiZleba mxolod xis moWra. <strong>tyis</strong> Wris wesebis <strong>da</strong>ucveloba,<strong>tyis</strong> resursebiT sargeblobis kanonebis Seusrulebloba <strong>da</strong> <strong>ukanono</strong>,unebarTvo Wrebi bunebis kanonzomierebaTa rRvevisa <strong>da</strong> stiqiurubedurebaTa mizezi gax<strong>da</strong>. swored ganukiTxaobisa <strong>da</strong> aranormirebuli<strong>tyis</strong> Wris, Cexvis Sedegia svaneTSi, duSeTSi, kaxeTSi, raWasa <strong>da</strong>aWaraSi bolo dros gaxSirebuli mewyerebi <strong>da</strong> Rvarcofebi. <strong>da</strong>iwyo <strong>da</strong>dResac mimdinareobs <strong>da</strong>zaralebuli mosaxleobis migracia qveynisSigniT, anu gaCndnen ekomigrantebi - evropisaTvis ucxoa es movlena<strong>da</strong> mxolod ganviTarebad qveynebSi Tu SexvdebiT. ekologiurikatastrofebi erovnul tragediad iqca, ramac ojaxebisa <strong>da</strong> mTlianad

soflebis ayra, "ucxo" miwaze ga<strong>da</strong>bargeba <strong>da</strong> axali cxovrebis <strong>da</strong>wyebagamoiwvia. axal garemo pirobebTan, xalxTan, maT zne-CveulebebTanSegueba ioli ar aris. amitom, vidre Cveni mTiani regionebi <strong>ukanono</strong>d<strong>da</strong> umowyalod gaCexili xe-<strong>tyis</strong> wyalobiT mTlianad mewyers arwauRia, wyaroebi ar <strong>da</strong>mSrala <strong>da</strong> sxva ekologiuri katastrofebiTavs ar <strong>da</strong>gvtexia, droa SevCerdeT, tyes Sesaferisi yuradRebiTmovepyraT <strong>da</strong> "tye Seunaxe Svilebsa" - ubralo simReris sityvebadki ar <strong>da</strong>rCes, aramed cxovrebis wesad gavixadoT.mdgomareobis gaumjobeseba mxolod qveynis moqalaqeebisaqtiuri monawileobiT aris SesaZlebeli. saxelmwifo uwyebebs un<strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>vexmaroT sakuTari funqciebis ukeT SesrulebaSi. xeli un<strong>da</strong>SevuwyoT im teritoriebze muSaobaSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c uWirT <strong>ukanono</strong>basTangamklaveba, "vaiZuloT" imuSaon im adgilebSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c jer ar un<strong>da</strong>T,an ver axerxeben. aseve, saWiroa sazogadoebam Tvali adevnos kanonisaRsrulebis process, raTa igi efeqturi iyos <strong>da</strong> ar ga<strong>da</strong>iqceskorufciis axal wyarod.winamdebare publikacia, romelic ori nawilisgan Sedgeba,xe-<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>ukanono</strong> mopovebis winaaRmdeg ganwyobili a<strong>da</strong>mianebissaxelmZRvaneloa. Cveni mizani saxelmwifo samsaxurebsa <strong>da</strong>sazogadoebas Soris TanamSromlobis xelSewyobaa. I nawilSimocemulia sasargeblo informacia saqarTvelos tyeebis, tyesTan<strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli sakanonmdeblo <strong>da</strong> instituciuri sakiTxebis, <strong>ukanono</strong>Wrebisa <strong>da</strong> tipiuri <strong>da</strong>rRvevebis Sesaxeb. es nawili garkveuliniSnebis mixedviT <strong>ukanono</strong> Wris faqtebis aRmoCenaSic <strong>da</strong>gexmarebaT.saxelmZRvanelos II nawili <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli <strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtis/programis <strong>da</strong>gegmarebisa <strong>da</strong> ganxorcielebis teqnikas eZRvneba.vimedovnebT, rom saxelmZRvanelo sasargeblo iqneba sazogadoebriviorganizaciebisTvis, saswavlo <strong>da</strong>wesebulebebisTvis, mewarmeebisa <strong>da</strong>sajaro moxeleebisTvis.publikaciis momzadebisas gaweuli konsultaciebisaTvis avtorebimadlobas uxdian: zaza SavliaSvils, nikoloz burduls, aleqsandreuruSaZes, leri WoWuas; aRmoCenili <strong>da</strong>xmarebisa <strong>da</strong> fotomasalismowodebisaTvis: manana beriZes, Tamar kurtaniZes, nato oniaSvils,manana boWoriSvils.

I nawilisaqarTvelos tyeebioficialuri monacemebiT, saqarTveloSi tyes qveynis saerToteritoriis <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 38% ukavia. <strong>tyis</strong> ekosistemebi <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebeliaqveynis TiTqmis yvela regionisTvis, gamonakliss warmoadgensmxolod javaxeTis zegani, xolo xevisa <strong>da</strong> mTiani TuSeTis regionebSityes Zalian mcire farTobi ukavia. sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva tipis tyeebis wiliqveynis tyeebis saerTo farTobSi Semdegnairia: wiflnari - 51%,soWnari - 10%, muxnari - 3,3%, naZvnari - 6,3%, fiWvnari - 3,6%,murynari - 3%, wablnari - 2,1%, arynari - 2%. saqarTvelos tyeebis<strong>da</strong>narCen farTobs xemcenareTa sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saxeobebi qmnis (Carpinuscaucasica, Tilia caucasica, Acer platanoides, A. trantvetteri, Fraxinus exscelsior <strong>da</strong>sxva).sasurvelia saqarTvelos ZiriTad regionebSi <strong>tyis</strong> gavrcelebismonacemebis motana.<strong>da</strong>savleT saqarTveloSi tye ukve zRvispiri<strong>da</strong>naa gavrcelebuli,xolo aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi <strong>tyis</strong> sartyeli ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d 600-700metri<strong>da</strong>n iwyeba.Walis <strong>tyis</strong> biomi aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi ganviTarebuliamdinareebis mtkvris, ivris, alaznis <strong>da</strong> qciis qvemo welis gaswvriv.maTSi Warbobs muxa (Quercus pedunculiflora), agreTve verxvebi (Populuscanescens, Populus hybri<strong>da</strong>), qacvi (Hyppophae rhamnoides) <strong>da</strong> sxva. es tyeebimdi<strong>da</strong>ria lianebiT.<strong>da</strong>savleT saqarTvelos Walis tyeebSi wamyvani pozicia uWiravsmurynarebs. am tyeebisTvis <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebelia gvimra (Mateuciastruthiopteris) <strong>da</strong> lianebi (Hedera colchica, Smilax exscelsa, Vitis sylvestris).TiTqmis gauval rayebs qmnis mayvali (Rubus anatolicus).naTeli <strong>tyis</strong> mcenareuloba gavrcelebulia aRmosavleT saqarTvelosnaxevradu<strong>da</strong>bnoebisa <strong>da</strong> stepebis sartyelSi. es biomi Sedgeba <strong>tyis</strong>qserofiluri mcenareebisagan <strong>da</strong> sakmaod gvalvagamZle balaxovanisafarisgan. igi yvelaze kargad aris gamoxatuli vaSlovanisnakrZalSi <strong>da</strong> ukavia 5000 ha farTobi.sakmlis xis (Pistacia mutica) naTeli tye miekuTvneba <strong>da</strong>savleTiranultips, romelSic warmodgenilia sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva buCqebi (Paliurusspina-christi, Rhamnus pallasii, Cotinus coggygria <strong>da</strong> sxv.). gvxvdeba agreTvesakmlis xis sufTa rayebi, romelsac calkeuli xe an buCqebi TuSeereva xolme.Rviian naTel tyeebs ukaviaT mcxeTisa <strong>da</strong> vaSlovanis mTiswinebisCrdilo ferdobebi. am tyeebis dominantebia Juniperus foetidissima(aRmosavleT xmelTaSuazRveTis saxeoba) <strong>da</strong> J. polycarpus (wina aziurisaxeoba). vaSlovanSi es saxeobebi sakmlis xis <strong>tyis</strong> komponentebia.gar<strong>da</strong> am saxeobebisa, am ekosistemaSi gavrcelebulia kavkasiuriJuniperus oblonga <strong>da</strong> aRmosavleT xmelTaSuazRvuri J. rufescens.

xSirad Rviian naTel tyeebs ukaviaT <strong>tyis</strong> Semdeg ganviTarebulimcenareulobis adgili.muxnarebi (Quercus iberica) gvxvdeba aRmosavleT saqarTvelos <strong>tyis</strong>sartylis qve<strong>da</strong> nawilSi (600-700 metri<strong>da</strong>n). saxeobrivi SemadgenlobismixedviT sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva variantebi gamoiyofa.wiflnarebi (Fagus orientalis) gavrcelebulia <strong>tyis</strong> sartylis Sua<strong>da</strong> ze<strong>da</strong> nawilSi. Sereuli saxiT erT-erT yvelaze <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebelsaxeobas warmoadgens kavkasiuri rcxila (Carpinus caucasica).fiWvnarebi (Pinus spp.) gvxvdeba zRvis doni<strong>da</strong>n 1700-2400 metrissimaRleze. maT Soris orografiulad izolirebul regionSi(mTa-TuSeTi), an mcire simZlavris nia<strong>da</strong>gebze (zemo svaneTi). esekosistemebi mdi<strong>da</strong>ri floristuli SemadgenlobiT gamoirCevian.<strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebeli saxeobebia: aryi, wifeli, soWi <strong>da</strong> sxva.muxnar-fiWvnari: fiWvTan erTad am ekosistemas qmnis maRali mTismuxa.am tyeebs vxvdebiT aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi 800-1100 metrisimaRlis farglebSi, xolo aWaraSi misi gavrcelebis zona gacilebiT<strong>da</strong>bali simaRleebi<strong>da</strong>n iwyeba (300 m-<strong>da</strong>n 1100-1200 m-mde).uTxovris (Taxus baccata) tyeebi Semonaxulia reliqturi <strong>tyis</strong> saxiTbawaras xeobaSi, alaznis zemo dinebaSi.Zelqvianebi (Zelkova carpinifolia): babaneuris Zelqvianebi Tavisireliqturi bunebiT <strong>da</strong> iSviaTi gavrcelebiT did yuradRebas iqcevs.is ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d gvxvdeba CrdiloeT eqspoziciis ferdobebze, rogorcTxel, ise ganviTarebul nia<strong>da</strong>gebze (<strong>da</strong>savleT saqarTveloSiZelqvianebi ganviTarebulia mdinareebis terasebze aluviur <strong>da</strong>subtropikul ewer nia<strong>da</strong>gebze).nekerCxlianebi (Acer velutinum): es tyeebi mxolod alaznis velzeagavrcelebuli. misi ze<strong>da</strong> zRvari 1000 m-s ar aRemateba.kolxuri tyeebi: <strong>da</strong>savleT saqarTveloSi, kolxeTis <strong>da</strong>Waobebul<strong>da</strong>blobze, zRvis doni<strong>da</strong>nve iwyeba murynarebi (Alnus barbata), lafnarebi(Petocarya pterocarpa), nakleb tenian adgilebSi gavrcelebuliamuxnarebi (Quercus iberica, Q.hartwissiana), rcxilnarebi (Carpinus caucasica),wablnarebi (Castanea sativa). es tyeebi mdi<strong>da</strong>ria lianebiT (Hederacolchica, Smilax excelsa, Vitis sylvestris).biWvinTis fiWvis (Pinus pithyusa) tye: biWvinTis fiWvi reliqturisaxeobaa. am <strong>tyis</strong>Tvis <strong>da</strong>maxasiTebelia xmelTaSuazRvispireTisfloris warmomadgenlebi.<strong>da</strong>savleT saqarTvelos tyeebisTvis <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebelia reliqturigarTxmuli buCqebis, maT Soris, maradmwvaneebis qvetye. zogierTraionSi (afxazeTsa <strong>da</strong> samegrelos kirqvian mTebSi) gvxvdeba bza(Buxus colchica). <strong>da</strong>savleT saqarTvelos aRmosavleT nawilSi (imereTSi)<strong>tyis</strong> qve<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> Sua sartyelSi gabatonebulia imereTis muxa (Quercusimeretina), romelic ZelqvasTan (Zelcova carpinifolia) erTad qmnis ajameTisnakrZalis Zelqvnar-muxnar koromebs.

kavkasiis mTebSi gansakuTrebiT un<strong>da</strong> gamoiyos subalpuri sartylis<strong>tyis</strong> ze<strong>da</strong> sazRvris mcenareuloba (2400-2750 metri zRvis doni<strong>da</strong>n),romelic gamoirCeva rogorc didi mravalferovnebiT, ise iSviaTiendemuri <strong>da</strong> reliqturi saxeobebis siuxviT. subalpuri sartylismcenareulobisaTvis <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebelia Semdegi tyiani formaciebi:meCxeri tyeebi: meCxeri, anu "parkiseburi tyeebi" gvxvdeba zRvisdoni<strong>da</strong>n 1800-1900 metris zemoT. meCxer tyes warmoqmnian ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>dmaRalmTis bokvi <strong>da</strong> maRalmTis muxa. gar<strong>da</strong> amisa, "parkisebur tyes"qmnian (ufro xSirad anTropogenuri zemoqmedebis Sedegad) wifeli,naZvi, fiWvi <strong>da</strong> sxva.tanbrecili tyeebi: kavkasiis subalpur tanbrecil tyeebs qmnianwifeli, aryis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saxeobebi, maRalmTis bokvi, kolxuri Txili,imeruli xeWreli <strong>da</strong> sxvebi. gansakuTrebiT sayuradReboa kolxeTistanbrecili tyeebi, sa<strong>da</strong>c klimati ara marto Zalian teniani, Se<strong>da</strong>rebiTrbilicaa. es tyeebi mdi<strong>da</strong>ria endemuri <strong>da</strong> reliqturi saxeobebiT(mag. pontouri muxa, megruli aryi, medvedevis aryi <strong>da</strong> sxv.)garTxmul buCqnarebi: am formaciebis ZiriTadi komponentebia deka,ungernis Sqeri, garTxmuli Rvia, kavra, meliqauri <strong>da</strong> sxva.subalpuri zonis balaxovani flora gamoirCeva saxeobrivimravalferovnebiTa <strong>da</strong> kavkasiis endemebis simdidriT. aRsaniSnaviamagaliTad, monotipuri gvari Gadellia, aseve Grosshemia, Dolychorrisa<strong>da</strong> sxv. aRsaniSnavia, rom Rvias ori saxeoba: Juniperus hemispaerica (J.depressa) <strong>da</strong> J. sabina. aRwevs kavkasionis alpur sartyels.

saqarTvelos satyeo seqtoris marTvis ZiriTadisafuZvlebi *sakanonmdeblo safuZvlebisaqarTvelos garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi kanonmdeblobis safuZvelswarmoadgens saqarTvelos konstitucia, romlis 37-e muxlisTanaxmad, "yvelas aqvs ufleba cxovrobdes janmrTelobisaTvisuvnebel garemoSi, sargeblobdes bunebrivi <strong>da</strong> kulturuli garemoTi.yvela valdebulia gaufrTxildes bunebriv <strong>da</strong> kulturul garemos";"a<strong>da</strong>mianis janmrTelobisaTvis usafrTxo garemos uzrunvelsayofad,sazogadoebis ekologiuri <strong>da</strong> ekonomikuri interesebis Sesabamisad,axlandeli <strong>da</strong> momavali Taobebis interesebis gaTvaliswinebiTsaxelmwifo uzrunvelyofs garemos <strong>da</strong>cvas <strong>da</strong> racionalurbunebaTsargeblobas".saerTaSoriso SeTanxmebebs, memorandumebs <strong>da</strong> konvenciebs, eniWebaTprioriteti erovnul kanonmdeblobasTan mimarTebaSi, Tu isini arewinaaRmdegebian saqarTvelos konstitucias. aRsaniSnavia “konvenciabiologiuri mravalferovnebis Sesaxeb", romelsac saqarTvelo 1994wels miuerT<strong>da</strong>.saqarTveloSi tyeebis <strong>da</strong>cvasa <strong>da</strong> gamoyenebasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiTmiRebulia Semdegi kanonebi: "garemos <strong>da</strong>cvis Sesaxeb", "<strong>da</strong>culiteritoriebis sistemis Sesaxeb", "cxovelTa samyaros Sesaxeb","saqarTvelos "wiTeli nusxisa" <strong>da</strong> "wiTeli wignis" Sesaxeb","saqarTvelos <strong>tyis</strong> kodeqsi", “licenziebisa <strong>da</strong> nebarTvebis Sesaxeb",<strong>da</strong> aseve sxva normatiuli aqtebi.1996 wels saqarTvelos konstituciis zemoT aRniSnuli debulebebisganxorcielebis mizniT miRebuli iqna saqarTvelos kanoni "garemos<strong>da</strong>cvis Sesaxeb", romlis mizania: garemos <strong>da</strong>cva mavne zemoqmedebisagan;garemos xarisxis gaumjobeseba; mdgradi ganviTareba <strong>da</strong> bunebriviresursebis mdgradi gamoyeneba; biologiuri mravalferovnebisa <strong>da</strong>ekologiuri wonasworobis SenarCuneba; unikaluri landSaftebisa<strong>da</strong> ekosistemebis <strong>da</strong>cva; globaluri garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi problemebisga<strong>da</strong>saWrelad garkveuli Zalisxmevis warmarTva; garemos <strong>da</strong>cvissferoSi moqalaqeTa uflebebisa <strong>da</strong> movaleobebis gansazRvra;garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi ganaTleba.saqarTvelos kanoni "<strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebis sistemis Sesaxeb" (1996w.) gansazRvravs <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebis <strong>da</strong>arsebis, ganviTarebisa<strong>da</strong> funqcionirebis aspeqtebs; ayalibebs marTvaze pasuxismgebeliorganoebis sistemas sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva doneze <strong>da</strong> gansazRvravs sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvakategoriis <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriis farglebSi <strong>da</strong>saSveb saqmianobebs.saqarTvelos kanoni "cxovelTa samyaros Sesaxeb" (1996 w.)aregulirebs samarTlebriv urTierTobebs cxovelTa samyaros* sakanonmdeblo <strong>da</strong> instituciuri sakiTxebis mimoxilva mocemulia 2006 w. 15 ivlisis mdgomareobiT

obieqtebis <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> sargeblobis mimarTulebiT. kanoni,uSualod veluri faunis saxeobebis <strong>da</strong>cvis gar<strong>da</strong>, iTvaliswinebsmaTi habitatebis, samigracio gzebis, gamravlebis adgilebis<strong>da</strong>cvas, uzrunvelyofs veluri faunis mdgrad gamoyenebas <strong>da</strong> qmnissamarTlebriv safuZvels misi in-situ <strong>da</strong> ex-situ konservaciisTvis."saqarTvelos <strong>tyis</strong> kodeqsi" (1999 w.) aregulirebs saqarTvelos<strong>tyis</strong> fondisa <strong>da</strong> misi resursebis movlasTan, <strong>da</strong>cvasTan, aRdgenasa<strong>da</strong> gamoyenebasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul samarTlebriv urTierTobebs."saqarTvelos <strong>tyis</strong> kodeqsis" mixedviT gansazRvrulia saxelmwifo<strong>tyis</strong> fondis cneba, romlis qveSac igulisxmeba kanonmdeblobissafuZvelze misTvis mikuTvnebuli miwebisa <strong>da</strong> misi resursebis(tyeebi) erToblioba. kodeqsi aseve aregulirebs <strong>tyis</strong> fondzesakuTrebis uflebas. aRsaniSnavia, rom kodeqsis Tanaxmad, <strong>da</strong>Svebulia<strong>tyis</strong> kerZo sakuTrebaSi ga<strong>da</strong>cema. kodeqsis miRebis momentSi<strong>tyis</strong> fondi mTlianad gamocxad<strong>da</strong> saxelmwifo sakuTrebad, xologansaxelmwifoebriobis procesi un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>regulirdes SesabamisikanonmdeblobiT, romlis Seqmnis aucileblobasac iTvaliswinebskodeqsis me-9.2 muxli. kodeqsis erT-erT umniSvnelovanes amocanaswarmoadgens saqarTvelos <strong>tyis</strong> fondis <strong>da</strong>cva, xeluxlebeli tyeebisTviTmyofadobis SenarCuneba, mcenareTa reliqturi, endemuri <strong>da</strong> sxvaZvirfasi saxeobebis <strong>da</strong>cva.aRsaniSnavia saqarTvelos kanoni "garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi nebarTvisSesaxeb" (amoqmed<strong>da</strong> 1997 wlis 1 ianvri<strong>da</strong>n) <strong>da</strong> saqarTvelos kanoni"saxelmwifo ekologiuri eqspertizis Sesaxeb" (amoqmed<strong>da</strong> 1997 wlis1 ianvri<strong>da</strong>n). am kanonTa mixedviT, nebarTva nebismier saqmianobazegaicema garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebisa <strong>da</strong> saxelmwifo ekologiurieqspertizis Catarebis Semdeg.2003 wlis ivnisSi saqarTvelos parlamentma miiRo kanoni"saqarTvelos "wiTeli nusxisa" <strong>da</strong> "wiTeli wignis" Sesaxeb". kanoniTsamarTlebrivad ganisazRvra ga<strong>da</strong>Senebis safrTxis winaSe myofigareuli cxovelebisa <strong>da</strong> veluri mcenareebis saxeobebis saqarTvelos"wiTeli nusxisa" <strong>da</strong> aseve, "wiTeli wignis" (romelsac eniWebasarekomen<strong>da</strong>cio <strong>da</strong> meToduri xasiaTis mniSvneloba) iuridiulidefiniciebi. kanoniT aseve ganisazRvra, "wiTeli nusxis" struqtura,nusxaSi Sesatani saxeobebis gansazRvris, nusxis proeqtisSemuSavebis, miRebisa <strong>da</strong> ganaxlebis (ga<strong>da</strong>sinjvis) procedurebi.aRniSnuli kanoni aseve aregulirebs ga<strong>da</strong>Senebis safrTxis winaSemyofi saxeobebis "wiTel wignTan", safrTxis winaSe myofi saxeobebis<strong>da</strong>cvasTan, mopovebasTan, maTi aRdgenisa <strong>da</strong> SenarCunebis RonisZiebaTa<strong>da</strong>gegmvasa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>finansebasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul sakiTxebs.saqarTvelos kanoni “licenziebisa <strong>da</strong> nebarTvebis Sesaxeb" ZalaSiSevi<strong>da</strong> 2005 wlis 4 agvisto<strong>da</strong>n. am kanonis mixedviT, satyeo seqtorTanmimarTebaSi arsebobs: tyeTsargeblobis generaluri licenzia,romelSic Sedis xe-<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>da</strong>mzadebisa <strong>da</strong> samonadireo meurneobismowyobis specialuri licenziebi; <strong>da</strong> garemoze zemoqmedebis10

nebarTva.am kanonis moTxovnebi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, masTan SesabamisobaSi un<strong>da</strong>movides saqarTvelos sxva normatiuli aqtebi. gar<strong>da</strong>maval perioSisakiTxebi regulirdeba mTavrobis <strong>da</strong>dgenilebebiT.gar<strong>da</strong> am kanonebisa, arsebobs sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva wlebSi gamocemulinormatiuli aqtebi (prezidentis brZanebulebebi, parlamentisa <strong>da</strong>mTavrobis <strong>da</strong>dgenilebebi, ministrisa <strong>da</strong> departamentis TavmjdomarisbrZanebebi), romlebic aregulirebs tyeTsargeblobasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebulsakiTxebs. esenia:• saqarTvelos prezidentis brZanebuleba N479, 1996 wlis24 ivlisi, “saqarTvelos tyeebSi zezeuri xis gacemis wesisSesaxeb";• saqarTvelos satyeo meurneobis departamentisTavmjdomaris brZaneba N0/161, 1996 wlis 7 dekemberi, “movliTiWris wesis Sesaxeb" debulebis <strong>da</strong>mtkicebis Taobaze;• saqarTvelos prezidentis brZanebuleba N6, 2000 wlis10 ianvari, “saqarTvelos tyeebSi mTavri sargeblobis Wriswesis Sesaxeb debulebis <strong>da</strong>mtkicebisa <strong>da</strong> tyeebis <strong>da</strong>cvis,aRdgena-ganaxlebis mTel rig RonisZiebaTa Sesaxeb";• saqarTvelos satyeo meurneobis saxelmwifodepartamentis Tavmjdomaris brZaneba N10/61, 2000 wlis 13seqtemberi, “specialuri Wrisa <strong>da</strong> misi ganxorcielebis wesisSesaxeb" debulebis <strong>da</strong>mtkicebis Taobaze;• saqarTvelos satyeo meurneobis saxelmwifodepartamentis Tavmjdomaris brZaneba N10/27, 2000 wlis 22Tebervali, “saangariSo tyekafis <strong>da</strong>dgenis wesis Sesaxeb"debulebis <strong>da</strong>mtkicebis Taobaze;• saqarTvelos satyeo meurneobis saxelmwifo departamentisTavmjdomaris brZaneba N10/93, 2000 wlis 28 marti, "tyekafisgamoyofis wesis Sesaxeb" debulebis <strong>da</strong>mtkicebis Taobaze;• saqarTvelos garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebrivi resursebis<strong>da</strong>cvis ministris brZaneba N99, 2002 wlis 4 oqtomberi “<strong>ukanono</strong>tyiTsargeblobis Sedegad saxelmwifo <strong>tyis</strong> fondisaTvismiyenebuli zianis gaangariSebis <strong>da</strong> anazRaurebis wesisSesaxeb" debulebis <strong>da</strong>mtkicebis Sesaxeb;• saqarTvelos garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebrivi resursebis<strong>da</strong>cvis ministris brZaneba N93, 2004 wlis 17 dekemberi“saqarTvelos garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebrivi resursebis <strong>da</strong>cvisministris 2002 wlis 4 oqtombris N99 brZanebiT <strong>da</strong>mtkicebuldebulebaSi “<strong>ukanono</strong> tyiTsargeblobis Sedegad saxelmwifo<strong>tyis</strong> fondisaTvis miyenebuli zianis gaangariSebis <strong>da</strong>anazRaurebis wesis Sesaxeb" cvlilebebis Setanis Taobaze";• saqarTvelos mTavrobis <strong>da</strong>dgenileba N132, 2005 wlis 11agvisto, “tyiT sargeblobis licenziebis <strong>da</strong> gacemis wesisa <strong>da</strong>11

pirobebis Sesaxeb debulebis <strong>da</strong>mtkicebis Taobaze";• saqarTvelos garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebrivi resursebis<strong>da</strong>cvis ministris brZaneba N380, 2005 wlis 22 seqtembri “xe-<strong>tyis</strong>kanonierebisa <strong>da</strong> warmoSobili <strong>da</strong>ma<strong>da</strong>sturebeli dokumentebisgacemis wesis <strong>da</strong>mtkicebis Sesaxeb".dRi<strong>da</strong>n gamocemisa am normatiul aqtebSi Sesulia araerTiarsebiTi cvlileba.saqarTvelos tyeebis marTvasa <strong>da</strong> kontrolzepasuxismgebeli saxelmwifo struqturebisaqarTvelos tyeebis udidesi nawili dReisaTvis aris saqarTvelosgaremos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebrivi resursebis saministros<strong>da</strong>qvemdebarebaSi, maT Soris: satyeo meurneobis departamenti ganagebssaqarTvelos tyeebis - 82%-s, <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebis departamenti- 8%-s. tyeebis mcire nawili - 2%, ekuTvnis v. gulisaSvilissaxelobis satyeo instituts, xolo adgilobrivi mmarTvelobisa<strong>da</strong> TviTmmarTvelobis organoebs - 8% (yofili e.w. sakolmeurneotyeebi).saqarTvelos garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebrivi resursebis saministroaris saqarTvelos aRmasulebeli xelisuflebis samTavrobo<strong>da</strong>wesebuleba, romelic uzrunvelyofs saxelmwifo mmarTvelobasgaremos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebrivi resursebis racionalurad gamoyenebis,agreTve mosaxleobis ekologiuri usafrTxoebis sferoSi. saministroshyavs teritoriuli organoebi, romlebic Sesabamis administraciulteritoriulerTeulSi Tavisi amocanebis ganxorcielebisaswarmoadgenen saministros.saqarTvelos garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebrivi resursebissaministros saxelmwifo saqveuwyebo <strong>da</strong>wesebuleba, satyeomeurneobis departamenti – aris aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis<strong>da</strong>wesebuleba, romlis meSveobiTac garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebriviresursebis ministri axorcielebs aRmasrulebel xelisuflebassatyeo meurneobis sferoSi. departamentis <strong>da</strong>qvemdebarebaSi Sedissatyeo meurneobebi.saqarTvelos garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebrivi resursebissaministros saxelmwifo saqveuwyebo <strong>da</strong>wesebuleba, <strong>da</strong>culiteritoriebis departamenti - departamentis <strong>da</strong>qvemdebarebaSi Sedis<strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebi (erovnuli parkebi, nakrZalebi, aRkveTilebi <strong>da</strong>sxva).saqarTvelos garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebrivi resursebis saministrosgeneraluri inspeqcia - warmoadgens saministros sistemis Si<strong>da</strong>uwyebrivi kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel erTaderT struqturulqve<strong>da</strong>nayofs, romelic Tavisi saqmianobiT uzrunvelyofs saministros12

sistemis mosamsaxureTa mier Cadenil samsaxureobrivi ga<strong>da</strong>cdomisa<strong>da</strong> sxva saxis samarTal<strong>da</strong>rRvevaTa gamovlenas, xels uwyobs maTiTavi<strong>da</strong>n acilebisa <strong>da</strong> kanonSesabamisi reagirebis mizniT mimarTulmuSaobas.garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebrivi resursebis saministros saxelmwifosaqveuwyebo <strong>da</strong>wesebuleba, garemos <strong>da</strong>cvis inspeqcia - aris garemos<strong>da</strong>cvis sferoSi saxelmwifo kontrolis erTiani centralizebuliorgano. misi ZiriTadi amocanebia: garemos <strong>da</strong>cvis sferoSisaxelmwifo kontrolis ganxorcieleba; bunebrivi resursebiT<strong>ukanono</strong> sargeblobis faqtebis gamovlena <strong>da</strong> aRkveTa; saministrosmier gacemuli licenziebis /nebarTvebis pirobebis Sesrulebiskontroli.13

<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>ukanono</strong> <strong>WrasTan</strong> <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuliaqtualuri sakiTxebikiTxvebi <strong>da</strong> pasuxebisatyeo sfero Zalze rTulia. <strong>da</strong>uxvewavi <strong>da</strong> winaaRmdegobrivikanonmdebloba, korufciis maRali done, romelSic tradiciuladCabmulni arian erTdroulad sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saxelmwifo uwyebebiswarmomadgenlebi (rogorc maRali rangis, ise rigiTi moxeleebi),bundovani, araerTmniSvnelovani wesebi <strong>da</strong> normebi, arazustidokumenturi masala - es im faqtorebis arasruli CamonaTvalia,romlebic arTuleben satyeo sferoSi <strong>da</strong>rRvevebis aRmoCenasa <strong>da</strong>monitorings. aqve un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos, rom satyeo sfero mecnierebisrTuli <strong>da</strong> kompleqsuri <strong>da</strong>rgia <strong>da</strong> masSi garkveva saTanado ganaTlebassaWiroebs. tye cocxali organizmia <strong>da</strong> mxolod Teoriuli ganaTlebaar aris sakmarisi imisaTvis, rom a<strong>da</strong>miani gaerkves, erTis mxriv,<strong>tyis</strong> ekosistemebSi mimdinare bunebriv procesebSi, meores mxriv ki,SesaZlo <strong>da</strong>rRvevebSi, romlebic xdeba satyeo meuneobis marTvisa Tu<strong>tyis</strong> produqtebiT vaWrobisas.miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad CamoTvlili sirTulebisa, satyeo sferoSi arsebuli<strong>da</strong>rRvevebi xSirad Zalze TvalsaCinoa <strong>da</strong> mondomebuli a<strong>da</strong>miani,mcireodeni unar-Cvevebis aTvisebisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>kvirvebulobis xarjze,advilad SeZlebs aRmoaCinos <strong>ukanono</strong> qmedebebi.Cven ga<strong>da</strong>vwyviteT kiTxva-pasuxisa <strong>da</strong> komentarebis saxiTmogvewodebina is informacia, romelic yvelaze metad ainteresebT<strong>da</strong> sWirdebaT satyeo sferoSi mimdinare procesebiT <strong>da</strong>interesebulmoqalaqeebs <strong>da</strong> gamosadegi iqneba <strong>da</strong>rRvevebis aRmoCenisa <strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>moukidebeli <strong>monitoringis</strong> warmoebisTvis.ras niSnavs saxelmwifo <strong>tyis</strong> fondi?saxelmwifo <strong>tyis</strong> fondi aris saqarTvelos saxelmwifo <strong>tyis</strong>,saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT misTvis mikuTvnebuli miwebisa <strong>da</strong> misiresursebis erToblioba. saxelmwifo <strong>tyis</strong> fondi ar gulisxmobsmxolod tyiT <strong>da</strong>faruli teritoriebs. aq SeiZleba warmodgenili iyossaZovrebi, sasoflo-sameurneo savargulebi, sanergeebi, nakafebi,naxanZralebi, mindvrebi <strong>da</strong> sxva.saqarTvelos saxelmwifo <strong>tyis</strong> fondSi Sedis sameurneo <strong>tyis</strong> fondi<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebi. sameurneo <strong>tyis</strong> fonds ganagebs saqarTvelossatyeo meurneobis departamenti <strong>da</strong> adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobisa<strong>da</strong> mmarTvelobis organoebi, xolo <strong>da</strong>cul teritoriebs - <strong>da</strong>culiteritoriebis departamenti.14

a aris tyiTsargebloba?tyiTsargebloba aris <strong>tyis</strong> fondis sasargeblo Tvisebebis gamoyeneba<strong>da</strong> sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva resursis mopoveba. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT<strong>da</strong>Svebulia tyiTsargeblobis ramdenime saxeoba: xe-<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>da</strong>mzadeba,plantaciuri meurneobis warmoeba, <strong>tyis</strong> aramerqnuli resursebiTsargebloba, sasoflo-sameurneo mizniT sargebloba, specialuri <strong>da</strong>miCenis wesiT sargebloba, samecniero-kvleviTi <strong>da</strong> saswavlo mizniTsargebloba, sakurorto, rekreaciuli <strong>da</strong> sxva mizniT sargebloba,samonadireo meurneobis mowyoba. TiToeuli maTganisTvis saWiroagakveuli tipis nebarTva.ra aris xe-<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>da</strong>mzadeba?xe-<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>da</strong>mzadeba aris tyiT sargebloba merqnis miRebismizniT, rac moicavs xeebis moWras, samanqano gzamde moTrevas <strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>xarisxebas. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT, xe-<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>da</strong>mzadebismizniT xorcieldeba mTavari sargeblobis Wra <strong>da</strong> movliTi WriserT-erTi saxe - gavliTi Wra, Tu uzrunvelyofilia merqnis Tanabari<strong>da</strong> uwyveti mopovebis pirobebi <strong>tyis</strong> bunebrivi Tvisebebis zianismiuyeneblad. xe-<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>da</strong>mzadeba SeiZleba agreTve ganxorcieldesmovliTi Wris gawmendiTi, gamoxSirviTi, sarekonstruqcio <strong>da</strong>sanitaruli Wris saxeebiT <strong>da</strong> specialuri WriT (qvemoT ixileT<strong>da</strong>wvrilebiT).ra aris <strong>tyis</strong> aramerqnuli resursebi?<strong>tyis</strong> aramerqnul resursebSi igulisxmeba biologiuri warmoSobisproduqtebi, romlebic moipoveba <strong>tyis</strong> fondis teritoriaze. <strong>tyis</strong>aramerqnuli resursebi SeiZleba Segrovebuli iyos veluri bunebi<strong>da</strong>n,satyeo plantaciebi<strong>da</strong>n, an calke <strong>tyis</strong> gareT mdgomi xeebi<strong>da</strong>n.magaliTad, aseTebia: sakvebad an sakvebis <strong>da</strong>namatebad gamoyenebuliproduqtebi (Txili, kakali, xili, kenkra, saneleblebi, balaxebi,sokoebi), mcenareuli boWko, girCebi, balaxovani mcenareebis nawilebi(gorlebi, bolqvebi), fisi (webos misaRebad), samedicino, kosmetikuri<strong>da</strong> kulturuli mizniT gamosayenebeli produqtebi.ra aris biologiuri mravalferovneba(biomravalferovneba)?biologiuri mravalferovneba (biomravalferovneba) - landSaftebis,ekosistemebis, saxeobebis bunebrivi mravalferovneba, aseveSi<strong>da</strong>saxeobrivi genetikuri mravalferovneba garkveuli teritoriisfarglebSi. biomravalferovnebis SenarCuneba, misTvis safrTxis15

arideba sameurneo saqmianobis dros, savaldebuloa saqarTveloskanonmdelbobiT. biomravalferovnebaze uaryofiT zegavlenas axdensmisi bunebrivi elementebis Semcireba (mag. mTiani ekosistemebis anmisi calkeuli elementebis Semcireba <strong>da</strong> ganadgureba), an bunebrivgaremoSi ucxo saxeobebis gavrceleba.ra aris tyeTmowyoba?tyeTmowyoba aris samuSaoTa kompleqsi, romlis farglebSi xdebatyeebis mdgomareobis Sefaseba <strong>da</strong> maTi gamoyenebis, aRwarmoebis <strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>cvis RonisZiebaTa <strong>da</strong>gegmva. sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT, es aris <strong>tyis</strong>resursebis inventarizaciisa <strong>da</strong> sameurneo saqmianobis <strong>da</strong>gegmvisprocesi.saqarTvelos <strong>tyis</strong> kodeqsis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos tyeebSityeTmowyobis masalebis gareSe akrZalulia tyiTsargeblobisa<strong>da</strong> satyeo sameurneo samuSaoebis warmoeba, stiqiuri ubedurebisSemTxvevebis gar<strong>da</strong>. saqarTveloSi tyeTmowyoba yovel aT weliwadSierTxel un<strong>da</strong> tardebodes. im satyeo farTobebSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c tyeTmowyobaaT welze metia ar Catarebuli, Wrebis <strong>da</strong>niSvna ar SeiZleba.tyeTmowyobis Sedegad dgindeba saxelmwifo <strong>tyis</strong> fondis sazRvrebi,ganisazRvreba tyeebis mdgomareoba, maTi saxeobrivi Semadgenloba,asaki, xdeba resursebis raodenobrivi <strong>da</strong> xarisxobrivi Sefaseba,tyiTsargeblobis ubnebis <strong>da</strong>dgena, Wris saxeebis <strong>da</strong>proeqteba, <strong>tyis</strong>mdgomareobi<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong> adgilis bunebrivi pirobebi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, <strong>tyis</strong>biologiuri <strong>da</strong> paTologiuri gamokvleva, wiTel nusxaSi Setaniliga<strong>da</strong>Senebis safrTxis winaSe myofi iSviaTi, reliqturi <strong>da</strong> endemurimcenareebis gavrcelebis arealis mqone ubnebis gamovlena.tyeTmowyobis masalebis safuZvelze, specialuri meTodikiT,xdeba <strong>tyis</strong> fondis adgilobrivi teritoriuli organoebis (satyeomeurneobebis) teritoriebze mTavari sargeblobis WrebiT xe-<strong>tyis</strong><strong>da</strong>mzadebis yovelwliuri SesaZlo optimaluri odenobis (saangariSotyekafis) <strong>da</strong>dgena. teritoriuli organoebis saangariSo tyekafebisjamiT miiReba regionebis, an mTlianad qveynis saangariSo tyekafisodenoba.aseve tyeTmowyobis masalebis safuZvelze dgindeba movliTi <strong>da</strong>specialuri Wrebis moculobebi <strong>da</strong> vadebi.stiqiuri movlenebis, <strong>tyis</strong> mavneblebis <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>avadebebis gavrcelebis,xanZrebis SemTxvevaSi xe-<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>da</strong>mzadebis moculobebi <strong>da</strong> vadebidgindeba specialuri gamokvlevebis masalebis safuZvelze.gzebis, milsadenebis, eleqtrotrasebis, <strong>da</strong>tborvis zonebis ansxva obieqtebis mSeneblobisas, Tu es ukavSirdeba xe-<strong>tyis</strong> Wras,misi moculobebi <strong>da</strong> vadebi ganisazRvreba konkretuli obieqtebismSeneblobis <strong>da</strong>mtkicebuli proeqtebis safuZvelze.16

a aris tyekafi?tyekafi aris tyeSi gamoyofili gansazRvruli farTobis adgili,romelzec moniSnulia mosaWreli xeebi <strong>da</strong> tyi<strong>da</strong>n gamijnuliavizirebiT, an bunebrivi sazRvrebiT <strong>da</strong> amasTanave, tyekafis nomrisa<strong>da</strong> farTobis aRmniSvneli boZiT. boZze un<strong>da</strong> mieTiTos gamoyofisadgili, weli <strong>da</strong> Wris saxe. tyekafis farglebs gareT Wra unebarTvod/ <strong>ukanono</strong>d iTvleba.saqarTvelos <strong>tyis</strong> fondis gansazRvrul ubanze tyekafis gamoyofaxdeba tyeTmowyobis masalebis safuZvelze.tyekafis gamoyofa tyeSi xdeba misi eqspluataciaSi ga<strong>da</strong>cemamde.amisaTvis dgeba misi aTviseba-<strong>da</strong>muSavebis dokumenti, romelSicmocemulia, tyekafis forma <strong>da</strong> gamoyofis dros gansazRvruliZiriTadi maCveneblebi: tyekafis farTobi, Semadgenloba, sixSire,saxeobis mixedviT mosaWreli xe-<strong>tyis</strong> maragi kubur metrebSi, merqnissaSualo maragi 1-ha-ze, xis Reros saSualo moculoba, mozardissixSire <strong>da</strong> mosaWreli merqniani saxeobebi. tyekafze TiToeulmosaWrel merqnian xem-mcenares aqvs Tavisi individualuri nomeri<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mRa fesvis yelTan. nomeri iwereba tyekafis dokumentSi <strong>da</strong>aRniSnuli xis moWris kanonierebas aRniSnavs. unomro <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>u<strong>da</strong>mRavixis moWra iTvleba unebarTvod / <strong>ukanono</strong>d.fizikurma Tu iuridiulma pirma, romelsac gaaCnia tyiTsargeblobislicenzia, tyekafze Wris <strong>da</strong>wyebamde un<strong>da</strong> warmoadginos <strong>da</strong> satyeomeurneobasTan SeaTanxmos tyekafis aTvisebis teqnologiuri ruka- dokumenti, romelic Seicavs informacias farTobis, reliefis,nia<strong>da</strong>gis, Wris formis, moris Trevis saxeebis, xe-<strong>tyis</strong> ze<strong>da</strong> sawyobisadgilis, <strong>da</strong>satvirTi moednis, xe-<strong>tyis</strong> sazidi gzebis ganlagebis,<strong>tyis</strong> bunebrivi ganaxlebis uzrunvelyofis, eroziisagan <strong>da</strong>cvis <strong>da</strong>tyekafze arsebuli mozardis SenarCunebis Sesaxeb.ras niSnavs koromis simwifis asaki?koromis simwifis asaki aris asaki, romelSic koromi iZensraodenobriv <strong>da</strong> xarisxobriv maCveneblebs, romlebic yvelaze metadSeesabamebian sameurneo miznebs. ansxvaveben raodenobrivi simwifisasaks (asaki, romelSic erTi asakisa <strong>da</strong> saxeobis xeebisagan Semdgarikoromi mocemul pirobebSi aRwevs cocxali xis merqnis maqsimalurodenobas), sasaqonlo simwifis (asaki, romelSic SeiZleba miRebuliqnes samasale merqnis maqsimaluri odenoba), biologiuri simwifis(asaki, romlis Semdgom iwyeba erTi asakis koromis swrafi <strong>da</strong>Sla)<strong>da</strong> sxv. sxva<strong>da</strong>xva asakis xeebisagan Semdgari koromisaTvis "simwifisasakis" cneba praqtikulad ar gamoiyeneba.17

as niSnavs koromis sixSire?sixSire gansazRvravs xeTa dgomis simWidroves. normalur koromSi(<strong>tyis</strong> ubanSi), sa<strong>da</strong>c xeTa dgomis simWidrove imdenad xSiria, rom iqSeuZlebelia xis Camateba, miCneulia 1.0 sixSiris koromad.aqe<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare koromis sixSire SeiZleba iyos 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6,0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1.ra aris merqnis maragi?merqnis maragi aris mozardi xeebis varjis saerTo moculoba(gamosaxuli kuburi metrebiT erT heqtarze). Cveulebriv gamoiyeneba"saZire maragi", anu merqnis saerTo maragi, kerweroebisa <strong>da</strong> jirkebisCaTvliT. e.w. "likviduri maragi" anu maragi, romelic SesaZloagamoyenebul iqnas sameurneo mniSvnelobiT, 10-15%-T naklebia, vidre"saZire maragi". likvidur maragSi Sedis rogorc samasale, ise saSeSemerqani (anu samSeneblo saqmianobisaTvis SesaZloa gamoyenebuliqnas likviduri maragis mxolod nawili).ra aris satyeo plantaciebi?satyeo plantaciebi ewodebaT xelovnurad Seqmnili <strong>tyis</strong> kulturebisnargavebs, romelTa mTeli arsebobis ganmavlobaSi mimdinareobsmovliTi RonisZiebebi (SesaZloa sasuqebis gamoyeneba <strong>da</strong> nia<strong>da</strong>gisspecialuri <strong>da</strong>muSaveba), minimalur droSi maqsimaluri raodenobismerqnis miRebis mizniT. <strong>tyis</strong> plantaciebi ufro gavrcelebuliatropikul <strong>da</strong> subtopikul ganedebSi. CrdiloeTis qveynebis civiklimati ar iZleva mokle periodSi (10-20 weli) sasaqonlo merqnismiRebis SesaZleblobas.ras niSnavs likviduri merqani (likvidi)?likviduri merqani aris merqnis nawili, romelic SeiZlebagamoyenebul iqnas a<strong>da</strong>mianis mier. amaSi samasale merqani <strong>da</strong> gauqerqavisaSeSe merqani. zoga<strong>da</strong>d miRebulia, rom likviduri merqani merqnissaerTo maragis <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 0,87 Seadgens.<strong>tyis</strong> Wris ra wesebi moqmedebs Cvens qveyanaSi?Wris wesebis safuZvlebi mocemulia saqarTvelos kanonSi“saqarTvelos <strong>tyis</strong> kodeqsi". Wra regulirdeba am kanoniT aseve misgangamomdinare debulebebiT, saqarTvelos prezidentis brZanebulebiT<strong>da</strong> sxva normatiuli aqtebiT. am wesebis <strong>da</strong>cva savaldebuloa yvela18

uwyebisaTvis, romelTa gamgeblobaSic arsebobs tyeebi, agreTvefizikuri <strong>da</strong> iuridiuli pirebisaTvis, romlebic ewevian tyeSinebismieri Wris saxeobiT merqnis <strong>da</strong>mzadebas.saqarTvelos <strong>tyis</strong> kodeqsi iTvaliswinebs ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d sami saxisWris wess: mTavari sargeblobis, movliT <strong>da</strong> specialur Wrebs. Tavismxriv es Wrebic iyofa sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saxeebad.<strong>tyis</strong> Wris saxeebis SerCeva warmoebs merqnian saxeobaTa biologiuri<strong>da</strong> ekologiuri Taviseburebebis, <strong>tyis</strong> tipebis, <strong>tyis</strong> bunebriviganaxlebis mdgomareobis, eroziis winaaRmdeg nia<strong>da</strong>gis mdgradobis,ferdobTa eqspoziciisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>qanebis simkveTris Sesabamisad.mTavari sargeblobis Wrebis saxeebia: pirwmin<strong>da</strong> Wra, Tan<strong>da</strong>TanobiTiWra, jgufur-amorCeviTi Wra <strong>da</strong> nebiT-amorCeviTi Wra. TiToeulimaTganis un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>iniSnos Sesabamisi bunebrivi pirobebisa <strong>da</strong>mosaWreli saxeobis gaTvaliswinebiT.Wris wesebis Tanaxmad, mTavari sargeblobis Wrebi ar SeiZleba<strong>da</strong>iniSnos Semdeg <strong>tyis</strong> kategoriebSi:• saxelmwifo nakrZalebSi;• erovnul parkebSi;• aRkveTilebSi;• bunebis ZeglebSi;• <strong>da</strong>culi landfSatebSi;• sakurorto zonis tyeebSi;• mwvane zonis tyeebSi (<strong>da</strong>culi, bunebrivi an xelovnuritye, romelic <strong>da</strong>svenebis <strong>da</strong> sanitarul-sakurorto <strong>da</strong>niSnulebiTgamoiyeneba); amasTanave,• gansakuTrebuli <strong>da</strong>cviTi mniSvnelobis mqone <strong>tyis</strong> ubnebSi,romelTac miekuTvnebian: saxelmwifo <strong>da</strong>cviTi <strong>tyis</strong> zolebi (bunebrivi anxelovnuri nargaobebi, romlebic <strong>da</strong>saxlebuli punqtebis,rkinigzis <strong>da</strong> saavtomobilo gzebis, arxebis, savargulebis <strong>da</strong>mdinareTa wylis regulirebis mizniTaa Seqmnili); Walis tyeebi (mdinareTa xeobebSi gavrcelebuli tyeebi,romlebic sezonurad itboreba); subalpuri zonis 300 m siganis arealSi arsebuli tyeebi(gar<strong>da</strong>mavali zoli <strong>tyis</strong> sartyli<strong>da</strong>n alpur sartylamde,sa<strong>da</strong>c mimdinareobs brZola merqnian <strong>da</strong> balaxovan mcenareebsSoris); <strong>tyis</strong> ubnebi reliqtiuri, endemuri <strong>da</strong> Zvirfasmerqnianisaxeobebis gabatonebiT; 35 0 -ze meti <strong>da</strong>qanebis ferdobebi; mdinareebis, tbebis, wyalsacavebis gaswvriv 300 msiganis napir<strong>da</strong>mcavi <strong>tyis</strong> ubnebi; rkinigzis <strong>da</strong> saavtomobilo gzebis gaswvriv 100 msiganis <strong>tyis</strong> zolebi.19

mTavari sargeblobis Wra iniSneba 0,6 <strong>da</strong> meti sixSiris <strong>tyis</strong>ubnebSi. Wris Catarebis Semdeg, tyenakafze <strong>da</strong>zianebuli xeebisodenoba ar un<strong>da</strong> aRematebodes <strong>da</strong>rCenili xeebis 10%-s. tyenakafze<strong>da</strong>rCenili xis wvrili narCenebi mozardisagan Tavisufal adgilebze,mkvriv xurgebad <strong>da</strong>iwyoba <strong>tyis</strong> mavneblebis <strong>da</strong>saxlebis Tavi<strong>da</strong>nacilebis mizniT <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>salpobad <strong>da</strong>rCeba, an wvrilad <strong>da</strong>iWreba <strong>da</strong>mTel farTobze Tanabrad gaifanteba.mTavari sargeblobis Wrebis Catareba sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva merqnianisaxeobebis koromebSi kidev gansakuTrebul wesebad arisCamoyalibebuli: (1) Wrebi fiWvnarebSi, (2) Wrebi wiflnarebSi,naZvnarebSi <strong>da</strong> soWnarebSi, (3) Wrebi rcxilnarebSi, (4) WrebimurynarebSi, arynarebSi, verxvnarebSi.movliTi Wrebi - Wris aRricxvis kategoria, romelic formaluradmimarTulia maRalproduqtiuli koromebis Camosayalibeblad,sasargeblo funqciebis SesanarCuneblad <strong>da</strong> gasaZliereblad <strong>da</strong>merqnis <strong>da</strong>samzadeblad. movliTi Wris mravali saxeoba arsebobs,romelTa nawili mxolod Teoriulad arsebobs. aseTia magaliTad,xmeli totebis moWra, qve<strong>tyis</strong> movla, <strong>tyis</strong>pirebis movla. zogierTisaxeobis movliTi Wra, Tavisi <strong>da</strong>Svebuli parametrebiT, uaxlovdebamTavari sargeblobis Wrebs <strong>da</strong> ukanasknelisgan gansxvavebiTSeiZleba Catardes iseT tyeebSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c mTavari sargeblobis Wrebi<strong>da</strong>Svebuli ar aris (ferdobebze, sakurorto-sarekreacio zonebSi).saqarTvelos (aseve ruseTis) bevr regionSi merqnis <strong>da</strong>mzadeba xdebamovliTi Wrebis saSualebiT.saqarTvelos dRevandeli kanonmdeblobiT, arsebobs Semdegisaxeebis movliTi Wrebi, romlebic ganisazRvreba koromTa xnovanebisa<strong>da</strong> funqciuri <strong>da</strong>niSnulebis mixedviT: ganaTebiTi, gawmendiTi,gamoxSirviTi, gavliTi, sanitaruli <strong>da</strong> sarekonstruqcio.movliTi Wra tardeba 0,7 <strong>da</strong> meti sixSiris <strong>tyis</strong> ubnebSi. Wrismizania tyeebis nia<strong>da</strong>g<strong>da</strong>cviTi, wyalmaregulirebeli, sanitarulhigienuri,xarisxobrivi <strong>da</strong> saxeobrivi Semadgenlobis <strong>da</strong> struqturisgaumjobeseba.sanitaruli Wra movliTi Wris yvelaze gavrcelebuli saxea.sinamdvileSi es aris Wris kategoria, romelic mimarTulia koromismdgomareobis SesanarCuneblad / gasaumjobeseblad, romlis drosacun<strong>da</strong> gamotanil iqnes gamxmari, <strong>da</strong>kninebuli, mavneblebiTa <strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>avadebebiT <strong>da</strong>zianebuli xeebi. 90-iani wlebi<strong>da</strong>n sanitaruli WrebiCvenSi, iseve rogorc ruseTSi, gamoiyenebo<strong>da</strong> samrewvelo mizniTmerqnis <strong>da</strong>mzadebis SesaniRbavad iseT tyeebSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c sxva saxeobisWrebi ar iyo <strong>da</strong>Svebuli.kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, sanitaruli Wra movliTi Wris erTerTisaxea, romelic iniSneba 0,4 <strong>da</strong> meti sixSiris <strong>tyis</strong> ubnebSi,sanitaruli mdgomareobis gaumjobesebis mizniT <strong>da</strong> gulisxmobsubnis teritoriaze zexmeli, xmobadi, fauti (futuro) <strong>da</strong> mavneblebiT20

Zlier <strong>da</strong>zianebuli xeebis moWras. yvela Zlier <strong>da</strong>zianebuli xe,romelTac aRar aqvT momavalSi zrdis saSualeba, un<strong>da</strong> moiWras.mdinaris napirebze 30-50 metris siganeze ar <strong>da</strong>iSveba traqtorismoZraoba. rkinigzisa <strong>da</strong> gzebis gaswvriv, agreTve, mwvane zonis <strong>da</strong>sakurorto tyeebSi <strong>da</strong>Svebulia mxolod movliTi Wris saxe. <strong>tyis</strong>sixSire Wris Semdeg ar un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>vides 0,6-ze qveviT. subalpur 300m-ian <strong>tyis</strong> zolSi iWreba mxolod zexmeli, fauti <strong>da</strong> mavneblebiT<strong>da</strong>zianebuli xeebi.specialuri Wra xorcieldeba aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi,specialuri <strong>da</strong>niSnulebiT, agreTve, mosaxleobis saTbobi SeSiTuzrunvelsayofad, Sesabamisi <strong>tyis</strong> marTvis organosTan winaswariSeTanxmebiT.Wris wesebis Tanaxmad, specialuri Wra SesaZloa ganxorcieldes:hidrokvanZebis, milsadenebis, gzebis, kavSirgabmulobis <strong>da</strong>eleqtro-ga<strong>da</strong>mcemi xazebis, arxebis mSeneblobisas <strong>da</strong> aucilebelixanZarsawinaaRmdego RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebisas, satyeosamelioracio,satyeo-sakulture <strong>da</strong> sxva satyeo-sameurneo RonisZiebebisganxorcielebisas, karierebis <strong>da</strong>muSavebisa <strong>da</strong> wiaRiseulisamoRebisas <strong>da</strong> sxv. specialuri Wra ar SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>igegmos:• nakrZalSi, erovnuli parkis mkacri <strong>da</strong>cvis zonaSi, bunebisZeglSi, <strong>da</strong>cul landSaftSi;• subalpur zolSi;• erozirebul, <strong>da</strong>mewyril <strong>da</strong> eroziasaSiS teritoriaze.specialur Wras ar eqvemdebareba:• wiTel nusxaSi Setanili saxeoba;• endemuri, reliqturi <strong>da</strong> Zvirfasmerqniani saxeoba;• istoriuli, memorialuri <strong>da</strong> sxva Rirebulebis mqone erTeulixeebi.ra aris licenzia?licenzia aris administraciuli organos mier gacemuli(tyiTsargeblobis SemTxvevaSi es aris garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong>bunebrivi resursebis saministro) saqmianobis ganxorcielebisuflebis <strong>da</strong>ma<strong>da</strong>sturebeli oficialuri dokumenti. igi SeiZlebagaices moklevadiani <strong>da</strong> grZelvadiani periodebiT, auqcionis wesiT.tyiTsargeblobis licenzia (generaluri <strong>da</strong> specialuri) miekuTvnebasargeblobis licenziis saxeobas. is gaicema auqcionis wesiT.licenziis mflobels SuZlia <strong>da</strong>yos licenzia, an ga<strong>da</strong>sces sxvapirs, maT Soris memkvidreobiT. auqcions gamarTvisa <strong>da</strong> sawyisi fasis<strong>da</strong>dgenis wesi mtkicdeba ministris brZanebiT. licenziis maZiebelmaganacxadi un<strong>da</strong> Seitanos auqcionis gamarTvamde araugvanes 15dRisa. igi valdebulia winaswar ga<strong>da</strong>ixados "be". auqcioni tardebagaremos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebrivi resursebis saministroSi an mis miermiTiTebul sxva misamarTze.21

a aris <strong>tyis</strong> saWreli bileTi?<strong>tyis</strong> saWreli bileTi moqmedeb<strong>da</strong> 2005 wlamde, "licenziebisa<strong>da</strong> nebarTvebis Sesaxeb" saqarTvelos kanonis amoqmedebamde.yovelwliurad iwerebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> eZleo<strong>da</strong> xe-<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>da</strong>mamzadebels. iswarmoadgen<strong>da</strong> oficialur dokuments merqnis moWra-<strong>da</strong>samzadeblad.bileTSi miTiTebuli iyo tyekafi (adgili), masze mosaWreli merqnianisaxeoba <strong>da</strong> misi raodenoba kubur metrebSi. aranairi sxva dokumenti,sityvieri an sxvagvari SeTanxmeba, fizikur Tu iuridiul pirsa <strong>da</strong>satyeo meurneobis nebismieri Tanamdebobis pirs Soris ar iZleo<strong>da</strong><strong>tyis</strong> Wris nebarTvas. Sesabamisad, <strong>tyis</strong> saWreli bileTis gareSetyiTsargebloba, xe-<strong>tyis</strong> Wra, unebarTvo (<strong>ukanono</strong>) Wras niSnav<strong>da</strong>.aRniSnuli sakiTxis ganxilva am etapze mimdinareobs <strong>da</strong> SeiZlebamomavalSi aRdges es sanebarTvo mowmoba.rogor un<strong>da</strong> movipovoT tyiTsargeblobis licenzia?tyiTsargeblobis licenciis mopoveba xdeba auqcioniT. xe<strong>tyis</strong><strong>da</strong>mzadebis specialuri licenziis misaRebad auqcionSimonawileobisaTvis saWiroa:1. gancxadeba, sasurveli tyekafis miTiTebiT. saministrowinaswar akeTebs gancxadebas, Tu romel tyekafze cxaddebaauqcioni;2. iuridiuli piris an individualuri mewarmis mier saxelmwiforeestri<strong>da</strong>n amonawerebi, xolo fizikuri pirisaTvis _ identifikaciis<strong>da</strong>ma<strong>da</strong>sturebeli, kanonmdeblobiT <strong>da</strong>dgenili sabuTebis aslebi.sajaro samarTlis iuridiulma pirma, gancxadebas un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>urTossa<strong>da</strong>mfuZneblo dokumentebis aslebi.3. salicenzio mosakreblis <strong>da</strong> sawyisi fasi<strong>da</strong>n “be"-s ga<strong>da</strong>xdis<strong>da</strong>ma<strong>da</strong>sturebeli dokumentebi.samonadireo meurneobis licenziis misaRebad saWiroa:1. gancxadeba;2. kerZo samarTlis iuridiuli pirisa <strong>da</strong> individualurimewarmisaTvis - saxelmwifo reestri<strong>da</strong>n amonawerebi; fizikuripirisaTvis - identifikaciis <strong>da</strong>ma<strong>da</strong>sturebeli, kanonmdeblobiT<strong>da</strong>dgenili sabuTebis aslebi. xolo sajaro samarTlis iuridiulmapirma gancxadebas un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>urTos sa<strong>da</strong>mfuZneblo dokumentaciisaslebi;3. salicenzio mosakreblis ga<strong>da</strong>xdis <strong>da</strong>ma<strong>da</strong>sturebeliqviTari;4. samonadireo savargulebis gamoyofisaTvis saWiro winaswari<strong>da</strong>skvna (mxolod auqcionis gamocxadebamde).22

a ga<strong>da</strong>saxadebi/mosakreblebia saWiro tyiTsargeblobisgansaxorcieleblad?tyeTsargeblobis licenzia, iseve rogorc bunebrivi resursiTsargeblobis sxva licenziebi, gaicema auqcionis wesiT. licenziaeniWeba im pretendents, romelic auqcionis msvlelobisas (vaWrobisprocesSi) <strong>da</strong>awesebs yvelaze maRal fass. auqcioni tardeba RiawesiT, xelmisawvdomia yvela fizikuri <strong>da</strong> iuridiuli pirisaTvis <strong>da</strong>sajaroa. auqcionis sawyisi fasi gamoiTvleba specialuri meTodikiT<strong>da</strong> yovel konkretul SemTxvevaSi dgindeba garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong>bunebrivi resursebis ministris brZanebiT.auqcionis gamarTvamde licenziis maZiebeli naRdi an unaRdoangariSsworebiT (saministros mier miTiTebul sabanko angariSze)ixdis ga<strong>da</strong>saxdel “be"-s, romelic Seadgens sawyisi fasis 20%-s.auqcionSi vergamarjvebis SemTxvevaSi “be" ukan brundeba, xologamarjvebis SemTxvevaSi CaiTvleba auqcionis saboloo fasSi.licenziis maZiebeli aseve ixdis salicenzio mosakrebels.tyiTsargeblobis generaluri licenziis an xe-<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>da</strong>mzadebisspecialuri licenziis misaRebad gamarTul auqcionSi gamarjvebulmapirma un<strong>da</strong> uzrunvelyos xe-<strong>tyis</strong> Sesabamisi moculobis tyekafebisgamoyofis mizniT saxelmwifos mier gaweuli xarjebis anazRaureba.licenziis mopovebis Semdeg mflobelma tyiTmosargeblemmopovebuli resursis odenobis mixedviT adgilobriv biujetSi un<strong>da</strong>ga<strong>da</strong>ixados resursis mosakrebeli.rogor un<strong>da</strong> aiRos soflad mcxovrebma mosaxlem SeSismoWris nebarTva?adgilbrivi mosaxleobis piradi moxmarebisaTvis xe-tyes, TavianTikompetenciis farglebSi, gascemen satyeo meurneobis departamentisSesabamisi satyeo meurneobebi, an <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebis departamentisSesabamisi <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebis administraciebi martiviadministraciuli warmoebis wesiT. SeSis mopovebis msurvelma maTun<strong>da</strong> mimarTos werlobiT. igive organoebi gascemen saSeSe merqniskanonierebis <strong>da</strong>ma<strong>da</strong>sturebel dokuments.ras niSnavs fautiani xeebi?fautiani xeebi ewodeba xeebs <strong>da</strong>zianebuli varjiT, an sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvadefeqtiT (orkerweroiani, fuRuroiani, ga<strong>da</strong>texili, <strong>da</strong>Rrecili <strong>da</strong> a.S.),riTac maTi merqnis komerciuli Rirebuleba mniSvnelovnad mcirdeba.fautiani xeebs xSirad gaaCniaT didi mniSvneloba biomravalferovnebisSenarCunebis TvalsazrisiT, imdenad, ramdena<strong>da</strong>c asruleben budis,bunagis TavSesafaris funqcias, warmoadgenen substrats sokoebisa23

<strong>da</strong> sxva organizmebisaTvis.kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, ra sabuTebia saWiro xe-<strong>tyis</strong>ga<strong>da</strong>sazi<strong>da</strong>d?xe-<strong>tyis</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>sazi<strong>da</strong>d saWiroa “xe-<strong>tyis</strong> kanonierebisa <strong>da</strong> warmoSobis<strong>da</strong>ma<strong>da</strong>sturebeli dokumentebi", romelic mewarmem un<strong>da</strong> iqoniosxe-<strong>tyis</strong> transportirebisas <strong>da</strong> warudginos sabaJo organoebs. misigacemis wesi <strong>da</strong> forma <strong>da</strong>mtkicebulia garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebriviresursebis ministris brZanebiT. is un<strong>da</strong> gascen im adgilobrivmasatyeo meurneobebma, sa<strong>da</strong>c mox<strong>da</strong> resursis mopoveba. moWrilixis nomeri (romelic aRniSnulia fesvis yelze) ga<strong>da</strong>tanil un<strong>da</strong>iqnas moWrili xisagan <strong>da</strong>mzadebul morze. <strong>da</strong>unomravi moristransportireba akrZalulia. xe-<strong>tyis</strong> transportirebis aseTi wesebimoqmedebs 2005 wlis Semodgomi<strong>da</strong>n. eqsportis gansaxorcielebladsaWiroa saqarTvelos savaWro-samrewvelo palatis mier gacemuliwarmoSobis sertifikati. es ukanaskneli ki gaicema eqspertizis aqtissafuZvelze.ra aris <strong>ukanono</strong> Wra?<strong>ukanono</strong> Wra aris saTanado sanebarTvo mowmobis gareSe CatarebuliWra. calke gamoyofen "<strong>da</strong>rRveviT Catarebul Wrebs". magaliTad, Tuvinme moWris xes licenziis an bileTis gareSe, es aris <strong>ukanono</strong> Wra.xolo Tu licenziis an bileTis mflobelma ar <strong>da</strong>icva tyiTsargeblobiswesebi: narCenebi adgilze <strong>da</strong>tova, moWra <strong>da</strong>unomravi xe <strong>da</strong> a.S amasuwodeben xolme "Wris wesebis <strong>da</strong>rRvevas".vis evaleba <strong>tyis</strong> <strong>da</strong>cva <strong>ukanono</strong> Wrebisagan <strong>da</strong> Wriswesebis <strong>da</strong>cvaze kontroli?saqarTvelos <strong>tyis</strong> fondis sworad marTvasa (mdgomareoba, movla,<strong>da</strong>cva, aRdgena <strong>da</strong> gaSeneba) <strong>da</strong> gankargvaze, (tyiTsargebloba)saxelmwifos mxri<strong>da</strong>n kontrolsa <strong>da</strong> ze<strong>da</strong>mxedvelobas axorcielebssaqarTvelos garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebrivi resursebis saministro,masSi Semavali struqturuli erTeulebis meSveobiT (satyeomeurneobis departamenti, <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebis departamenti,garemos <strong>da</strong>cvis inspeqcia).satyeo meurneobasa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>cul teritoriaze momuSave <strong>tyis</strong><strong>da</strong>cvis TanamSromels ufleba aqvs: aRkveTos unebarTvo Wrebi,Seamowmos tyiTsargeblobis dokumentebi, gaaCeros satransportosaSualebebi <strong>da</strong> moaxdinos maTi <strong>da</strong>Tvaliereba kanonierebis <strong>da</strong>dgenismizniT. xe-<strong>tyis</strong>a <strong>da</strong> <strong>tyis</strong> sxva resursebis mopovebis kanonierebis<strong>da</strong>ma<strong>da</strong>sturebeli sabuTebis uqonlobis SemTxvevaSi, moaxdinos maTi24

CamorTmeva, SeaCeros <strong>da</strong> akrZalos tyiTmosargebleTa sameurneosaqmianoba, Tu igi ar Seesabameba dokuments <strong>da</strong> Seadginos oqmi<strong>da</strong>rRvevebis Sesaxeb.<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>da</strong>cvis TanamSromeli pasuxs agebs: <strong>tyis</strong> mdgomareobaze, misara<strong>da</strong>niSnulebisamebr gamoyenebaze, <strong>tyis</strong> Wris wesebis <strong>da</strong>rRvevaze,<strong>ukanono</strong> Wrebze <strong>da</strong> sxva <strong>tyis</strong> kodeqsiT gansazRvruli wesebis<strong>da</strong>rRvevaze.<strong>tyis</strong> Wris wesebis <strong>da</strong>cva <strong>da</strong> mis <strong>da</strong>cvaze kontroli uSualod evalebasatyeo meurneobis administracias, xolo satyeo meurneobebSi -satyeos ufross.satyeo meurneoba sistematiurad akontrolebs tyiT mosargebleebismier am wesebis <strong>da</strong>cvas, xolo samuSaoebis <strong>da</strong>mTavrebis Semdegawarmoebs Wris adgilebis Semowmebas tyekafebis aTvisebis, xe<strong>tyis</strong>a<strong>da</strong> <strong>tyis</strong> meorexarisxovani masalebis gamouzi<strong>da</strong>vad <strong>da</strong>tovebisSemTxvevebis gamovlenis mizniT. Semowmeba xorcieldeba samuSaoTa<strong>da</strong>mTavrebis Semdeg araugvianes Semdegi vadebisa:a) Wris adgilebis - xe-<strong>tyis</strong> gamozidvisaTvis <strong>da</strong>dgenili vadis<strong>da</strong>mTavrebi<strong>da</strong>n 30 dReSi;b) <strong>tyis</strong> meorexarisxovani masalebis <strong>da</strong>mzadebis adgilebis -gamozidvisaTvis <strong>da</strong>dgenili vadis <strong>da</strong>mTavrebi<strong>da</strong>n 30 dReSi.satyeo meurneoba Semowmebis TariRis Sesaxeb tyiTmosargeblesacnobebs <strong>da</strong>niSnul va<strong>da</strong>mde 15 dRiT adre.2005 wels saqarTvelos garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebrivi resursebissaministroSi Seiqmna garemos <strong>da</strong>cvis inspeqcia (gdi). mis erT-erTmTavar movaleobas warmoadgens satyeo sferoSi <strong>ukanono</strong> qmedebebis(<strong>ukanono</strong> Wra, Wris wesebis <strong>da</strong>rRveva <strong>da</strong> sxv.) gamovlena <strong>da</strong> aRkveTa.ra saxis <strong>da</strong>rRvevebi SeiZleba naxoT tyeSi?Wra tyekafis gareSexe-<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>da</strong>mzadeba <strong>da</strong>Svebulia mxolod specialurad gamoyofilityekafis farglebSi. Wra <strong>ukanono</strong>a (unebarTvoa), Tu is tyekafisgamoyofis gareSe, gamoyofili tyekafis farglebs gareT, <strong>da</strong>Svebulzemeti raodenobiT, yalbi an va<strong>da</strong>gasuli dokumentebiT xorcieldeba.unebarTvod zexmeli, Caxergili, maT Soris waqceuli xeebis moWra<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mzadebac ki akrZalulia!tyekafze yvela mosaWrel xes aqvs Tavisi individualuri nomeri<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mRa fesvis yelTan. aseTi moniSnuli xeebis arsebobac tyekafisgamoyofis maCvenebelia. Tu ver vnaxavT <strong>tyis</strong> Wris adgilas tyekafismaCvenebel boZebsa <strong>da</strong> vizirebs, aseve <strong>da</strong>nomril xeebs, es niSnavs,rom Wra tardeba tyekafis gareSe, an mis farglebs gareT <strong>da</strong> es ukvemizezia, rom mivmarToT Sesabamis saxelmwifo organoebs (gdi-s).xSirad boZebi mxolod tyekafis erT mxarezea, raTa <strong>da</strong>mRrvevmazerele Semowmebas "gauZlos". <strong>tyis</strong> siRrmeSi ki wesierad ar aris25

xolme aRniSnuli tyekafis sazRvrebi. xSirad boZebze ar aris sruliinformacia tyekafis Sesaxeb. esec kanonis <strong>da</strong>rRvevaa.<strong>da</strong>Svebulze metis WraxSirad gamoyofil tyekafSi iWreba ufro meti, vidre amis uflebasiZleva licenzia <strong>da</strong> tyekafis masalebi. Tu gamoyofil tyekafzearis moWrili xeebis jirkebi, romlebsac ar aqvs nomeri fesvisyelTan, es <strong>ukanono</strong>d moWrili xea. aseve, ga<strong>da</strong>Wril kunZze zemo<strong>da</strong>nun<strong>da</strong> iyos specialuri <strong>da</strong>mRa, romelsac asvams satyeo meurneobiswarmomdgeneli.<strong>ukanono</strong>d moWrili xe-<strong>tyis</strong> transportireba <strong>da</strong> eqsportixe-<strong>tyis</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>sazi<strong>da</strong>d saWiroa ga<strong>da</strong>mzi<strong>da</strong>vma iqonios "xe-<strong>tyis</strong>kanonierebisa <strong>da</strong> warmoSobis <strong>da</strong>ma<strong>da</strong>sturebeli dokumentebi", an,,saSeSe merqnis kanonierebis <strong>da</strong>ma<strong>da</strong>sturebeli dokumenti", romlebicman moTxovnisamebr un<strong>da</strong> warudginos uflebamosil saxelmwifoorganoebs (policia, gdi, satyeo <strong>da</strong> sabaJo departamentebi).aRniSnul dokuments gascems is adgilobrivi satyeo meurneoba,romlis uflebamosilebis gavrcelebis farglebSic mox<strong>da</strong> resursismopoveba. moWrili xis nomeri (romelic aRniSnulia fesvis yelze)ga<strong>da</strong>tanil un<strong>da</strong> iqnes misgan <strong>da</strong>mzadebul morze. <strong>da</strong>unomravimoris transportireba akrZalulia. Tu satransporto saSualeba<strong>da</strong>tvirTulia morebiT, romlebic ar aris <strong>da</strong>nomrili, es SesaZloamuiTiTebdes <strong>ukanono</strong>d moWrili xe-<strong>tyis</strong> arsebobaze. rigiT moqalaqeskerZo pirisTvis dokumentaciis moTxovnisa <strong>da</strong> Semowmebis ufleba araqvs!amorCeviT saukeTeso xeebis moWraxSirad movliTi (romlis erT-erTi saxea sanitaruli Wra) WrebisSedegad iWreba janmrTeli, saukeTeso xeeebi. gamoyofil tyekafzexmeli, xmobadi, Zlier <strong>da</strong>zianebuli xeebis WraSi ar<strong>da</strong>niSvna <strong>da</strong>rRvevaa<strong>da</strong> kanoniT isjeba. amdenad Tu naxavT, rom gamoyofil tyekafSi araris <strong>da</strong>nomrili, anu mosaWrelad moniSnuli aseTi xeebi, CaTvaleT,rom satyeo meurneobam kanoni <strong>da</strong>arRvia. <strong>da</strong>niSnuli Wrebis drossaukeTeso, janmrTeli xeebi, wesiT, ar un<strong>da</strong> iWrebodes. xSirad kipiriqiT xdeba. gansakuTrebiT savalaloa, roca aseTi ram sworedmovliTi (sanitaruli) Wrebis dros xdeba, romelic wesiT tyeebisgajansaRebas un<strong>da</strong> emsaxurebodes.endemuri, reliqturi, Zvirfasmerqniani <strong>da</strong> wiTel nusxaSi Setanilisaxeobebis WraTu naxavT, rom tyeSi moWrilia Walis muxa, wabli an uTxovaries iqneba <strong>ukanono</strong> Wra, vinai<strong>da</strong>n es saxeobebi Setanilia saqarTveloswiTel nusxaSi. Zvirfasi merqnis gamo, wiTel nusxaSi Setanilisaxeobebi<strong>da</strong>n yvelaze xSirad zemoCamoTvlil saxeobebs moipoveben26

<strong>ukanono</strong>d. aseve, savaraudod <strong>da</strong>naSaulTan gveqneba saqme, Tu saxerxSiwaawydebiT wiTeli nusxis saxeobebis morebs.tyiTsargeblobis wesebis <strong>da</strong>rRveva, <strong>tyis</strong>Tvis zianis miyenebaarsebobs <strong>da</strong>rRvevebi, romelTa Sedegad ziani adgeba tyes <strong>da</strong>romlebic ar aris Znelad gamosacnobi. ubralod un<strong>da</strong> icodeT, romes <strong>da</strong>rRvevaa <strong>da</strong> kanoniT isjeba. aseTebia:• <strong>tyis</strong> Wra Zlier <strong>da</strong>qanebul ferdobebze (Tu aseTferdobze tyekafia gamoyofili, <strong>da</strong>niSnulia xeebi, es satyeomeurneobis mier kanonis <strong>da</strong>rRvevaze miuTiTebs);• <strong>tyis</strong> Wris dros <strong>da</strong>uniSnavi xeebis waqceva an<strong>da</strong>zianeba;• moWrili <strong>da</strong> miyudebuli xeebis <strong>da</strong>toveba tyeSi - essafrTxes uqnis a<strong>da</strong>mianis sicocxles;• xe-<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>da</strong>mzadebisas mozardi aRmonacenis <strong>da</strong>zianebagafuWeba;• <strong>tyis</strong> Wra gzispirebze;• miyolebiT mozardi xeebis Wra;• xe-<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>da</strong>mzadebis Semdeg <strong>tyis</strong> narCenebisgan argawmen<strong>da</strong>.xSirad miaqvT mxolod samasaled gamosadegi xe-mcenarisvarjis nawili, wveroebsa <strong>da</strong> totebs ki iqve yrian. ikargebauamravi saSeSe merqani, nayari ki xels uSlis aRmonacens <strong>da</strong>xels uwyobs <strong>tyis</strong> <strong>da</strong>avadebebis gavrcelebas;• sadResaswaulo, religiuri, saritualo, dekoratiuli<strong>da</strong> sxva mizniT xeebis <strong>da</strong>zianeba, totebis moWra (bzis totebibzobisTvis, uTxovaris totebi, saaxalwlod wiwvovnebis moWra,aseve varjis wveris waWriT mcenaris <strong>da</strong>zianeba);• nayofis momcemi xeebis produqtebis Segroveba totebismoWriT (jonjoli, qacvi, askili, kowaxuri, Sindi, nuSi <strong>da</strong>sxv.)• <strong>tyis</strong> fondis teritoriaze unebarTvo (<strong>ukanono</strong>) Zoveba,xvna <strong>da</strong> Tibva;• <strong>tyis</strong> farTobebis TviTneburad Semokaveba, SemoRobva <strong>da</strong>miTviseba;• gauqerqavi wiwvovani xis morebis tyi<strong>da</strong>n gamotana, antyeSi <strong>da</strong>marageba.nia<strong>da</strong>gis <strong>da</strong>zianebamerqnis gamozidvis dros nia<strong>da</strong>gis ze<strong>da</strong>piruli fenis <strong>da</strong>zianeba <strong>da</strong>amiT eroziis winapirobis Seqmna akrZalulia. amas iwvevs <strong>da</strong>curebiTxe-<strong>tyis</strong> gamotana, ris Sedega<strong>da</strong>c viTardeba mewyruli movlenebi.yvelaze xSirad <strong>da</strong>curebis kvali SeimCneva tyeebis siaxlovesganlagebul soflebTan, sa<strong>da</strong>c saxerxebSi xdeba merqnis pirveladi<strong>da</strong>muSaveba. amasTanave, rogorc wesi, tyi<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>curebiT gamoaqvT<strong>ukanono</strong>d moWrili xeebi.27

merqnis pirveladi <strong>da</strong>muSaveba tyeSixe-<strong>tyis</strong> pirveladi <strong>da</strong>muSaveba tyeSi akrZalulia. Tu SeamCnevT,rom tyeSi muSaobs ga<strong>da</strong>satani saxerxi, icodeT, rom adgili aqvskanonis <strong>da</strong>rRvevas <strong>da</strong> gdi-s un<strong>da</strong> mimarToT.saxerxebixe-<strong>tyis</strong> saxerx sawarmoebSi akrZalulia <strong>ukanono</strong>d mopovebuli xe<strong>tyis</strong><strong>da</strong>muSaveba <strong>da</strong> es kanoniT isjeba. rigiT moqalaqes ar aqvs uflebaSeamowmos sawarmoSi xe-<strong>tyis</strong> warmoSobis kanoniereba, magram arsebobsZalze TvalnaTeli <strong>da</strong>rRvevebi saxerxebis funqcionirebisas. saxerxisteritoriaze un<strong>da</strong> iyos specialuri ormo, sa<strong>da</strong>c grovdeba naxerxi.xSirad, naxerxi grovebad yria saxerxis ezoSi an mis gareT, <strong>da</strong> racufro meti zianis momtania garemosaTvis - iyreba mdinareSi. naxerxiiwvevs nia<strong>da</strong>gisa <strong>da</strong> wylis <strong>da</strong>binZurebas, qimiur reaqciaSi Sedis maTkomponentebTan, riTac imatebs mJavianoba. es uaryofiTad moqmedebsa<strong>da</strong>mianis janmrTelobaze, radgan mavne nivTierebebi nia<strong>da</strong>gisa <strong>da</strong>wylis gavliT sabolood a<strong>da</strong>mianis sakvebSi <strong>da</strong> Semdeg organizmSixvdeba. aseve <strong>da</strong>rRvevaa, roca saxerxSi Setanilia <strong>ukanono</strong>d moWrilixe-tye, romelic SeiZleba icnoT nomris ararsebobiT.SeiZleba Tu ara xe-<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>da</strong>mzadeba <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebisfarglebSi?xe-<strong>tyis</strong> <strong>da</strong>mzadeba (aseve saqonlis Zoveba) <strong>da</strong>Svebulia mxolodzogierTi kategoriis <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriis farglebSi, isic mxolodspecialuri nebarTviT. magaliTad, aseTebia: aRkveTili, erovnuliparkis tradiciuli gamoyenebis zona. nakrZalis an erovnuli parkismkacri <strong>da</strong>cvis zonaSi xis Wra akrZalulia. Tu <strong>da</strong>cul teritoriazear aris amisaTvis specialurad kanoniT <strong>da</strong>Svebuli adgilebi, iqCatarebuli Wra (iseve, rogorc sxva bunebrivi resursis mopoveba,Zoveba) <strong>ukanono</strong>a, xolo Tu amaze arsebobs <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriisxelmZRvanelobis Tanxmoba, es maT <strong>da</strong>naSaulze miuTiTebs.vis un<strong>da</strong> mivmarToT tyeSi <strong>ukanono</strong> qmedebebisaRmoCenisas?<strong>ukanono</strong> Wrisa <strong>da</strong> sxva <strong>da</strong>rRvevebis aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi,mimarTeT garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebrivi resursebis saministrossaxelmwifo saqveuwyebo <strong>da</strong>wesebulebas - garemos <strong>da</strong>cvis inspeqcias(gdi), an mis regionul biuros.28

gdi - centraluri ofisimisamarTi: Tbilisi, guluas q.#6;tel. (cxeli xazi): 98 83 08.gdi - qvemo qarTlis biurobiuros ufrosi: ivane guluaSvili;misamarTi: q. rusTavi, firosmanis#19; tel.: (8_24) 14 11 29.gdi - <strong>da</strong>savleT centraluribiuro (imereTis, raWa-leCxumis,qvemo svaneTisa <strong>da</strong> guriisregionebi)biuros ufrosi: mamuka vezdeni;misamarTi: quTaisi, WavWavaZis #31;tel.: 8 (231) 2 61 35.gdi - aWaris biurobiuros ufrosi: ivane WeiSvili;misamarTi: baTumi gorgaslis#124;tel.: (888 222) 7 49 85; 7 49 61.gdi – samegrelo-zemo svaneTibiuros ufrosi: vaJa gurCiani;misamarTi: zugdidi, janaSias #1;tel.: 8 (215) 2 15 10.gdi - aRmosavleT centraluribiuro (Si<strong>da</strong> qarTlis, mcxeTamTianeTisa<strong>da</strong> yazbegis regionebi)biuros ufrosi: <strong>da</strong>viT uTmeliZe;misamarTi: mcxeTa, samxedros # 13b;tel.: 8 (273) 38 84gdi - kaxeTis biurobiuros ufrosi: erasti metreveli;misamarTi: Telavi, WavWavaZis #243;tel: 8 (252) 7 70 07.gdi - samcxe-javaxeTis biurobiuros ufrosis m/S: revazqa<strong>da</strong>giSvili; misamarTi: axalcixe,m. kostavas #18;tel: 8 (262) 2 33 78.Tu TvliT, rom saministros sistemis TanamSromelma (maT Sorissatyeo meurneobis, <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebis departamentis an gdi-is)<strong>da</strong>arRvia kanoni, Caidina samsaxureobrivi ga<strong>da</strong>cdoma, droulad <strong>da</strong>srulad ar mogawo<strong>da</strong>T informacia, ar moaxdina saTanado reagirebaTqvens saCivarze - mimarTeT garemos <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> bunebrivi resursebissaministros generalur inspeqcias. misamarTi: q. Tbilisi, guluas q.#6, telefoni: 27 57 18.asociacia mwvane alternativa gTxovT mogvawodoTinformacia Tqvens mier aRmoCenili <strong>da</strong>rRvevebis Sesaxeb.rogor movipovoT informacia saxelmwifo organoebi<strong>da</strong>n?yvela moqalaqes SeuZlia moiTxovos <strong>da</strong> miiRos sajaro informacia.amisTvis, werilobiT un<strong>da</strong> mimarTos Sesabamis saxelmwifo<strong>da</strong>wesebulebas, romelic valdebulia Seuferxeblad miawodosinformacia. saxelmwifo uwyebas amisaTvis maqsimum 10 dRe aqvs. Tuinformaciis moculoba didia, an misi moZieba moiTxovs garkveuldros, uwyebam 3 dRis va<strong>da</strong>Si un<strong>da</strong> gacnoboT, rom ver eteva 10-dRianva<strong>da</strong>Si <strong>da</strong> iqve miuTiTos, Tu rodis SeZlebs mis mowodebas. Tu29

saxelmwifo <strong>da</strong>wesebulebam <strong>da</strong>arRvia es pirobebi, Tqven SegiZliaTsaCivriT mimarToT amave saxelmwifo <strong>da</strong>wesebulebis generalurinspeqcias an sasamarTlos.<strong>da</strong>imaxsovreT, rigiT moqalaqes kerZo pirisTvis dokumentaciismoTxovnisa <strong>da</strong> Semowmebis ufleba ar aqvs! amisaTvis arsebobssaxelmwifo samsaxurebi, romlebic kanoniT miniWebuli uflebiTaxorcieleben aseT qmedebebs.saxelmZRvanelos am nawilSi Cven SevecadeT warmogvedinainformacia, romelic Tqven <strong>da</strong>gexmarebaT zogadi warmodgenaSegeqmnaT satyeo sferoze, seqtoris instituciurwyobaze, SesaZlo <strong>ukanono</strong> qmedebebze <strong>da</strong> maTi gamovlenisSesaZleblobebze. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad Cveni mcdelobisa, rac SeiZlebasrulad warmogvedgina aRniSnuli informacia, ra Tqma un<strong>da</strong>iqneba sakiTxebi, romlebic <strong>da</strong>matebiT ganmartebas saWiroebs.amitom gTxovT, nebismieri <strong>da</strong>matebiTi informaciisaTvis,rCevisa Tu konkretul sakiTxze konsultaciisaTvismogvmarToT saxelmZRvanelos garekanze miTiTebulmisamarTze.30

II nawilirogorc SesavalSi iyo aRniSnuli, saxelmZRvanelos II nawilieZRvneba xe-<strong>tyis</strong> aralegaluri Wris <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli <strong>monitoringis</strong><strong>da</strong>gegmvisa <strong>da</strong> wamoebis teqnikas. Tumca, aq warmodgenili informaciaSesaZloa gamoiyenoT rogorc satyeo seqtorSi mimdinare procesebze<strong>da</strong>kvirvebisaTvis, aseve nebismieri garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi xasiaTis<strong>monitoringis</strong> sawarmoeblad.<strong>monitoringis</strong> <strong>da</strong>niSnulebamonitoringi saSualebas aZlevs arasamTavrobo organizaciebsxeli Seuwyon garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi mmarTvelobis gaumjobesebas ramdenimegziT:• bunebrivi resursebis arsebuli mdgomareobis (jansaRi, safrTxisqveS arsebuli, an degradirebuli) <strong>da</strong> cvlilebis tendenciebis(gaumjobesebuli, stabiluri an gauaresebuli) SefasebiT.am saxis informaciis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia resursebisaTvisebis Sesabamisi donis <strong>da</strong>dgenis, an aramdgradi qmedebebisgansazRvrisaTvis;• komerciuli samrewvelo organizaciebisa <strong>da</strong> mTavrobisaTvisSesasruleblad savaldebulo maregulirebeli <strong>da</strong> sakanonmdeblosistemisa <strong>da</strong> maTi aRsrulebis SefasebiT;• garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi mmarTvelobis xarisxis SefasebiT;• mTavrobis an komerciuli samrewvelo organizaciebis miermowodebuli informaciis realobasTan Sesabamisobisa <strong>da</strong> sizustisSemowmebiT;• safrTxis Semcveli, an <strong>ukanono</strong> qmedebebis gamovleniT. amgvariqmedebebis didi xnis ganmavlobaSi uyuradRebod <strong>da</strong>tovebam,SesaZloa, resursis sabolood amowurva gamoiwvios.saboloo jamSi, monitoringi SesaZloa gamoyenebul iqnes mTavrobis,samrewvelo kompaniebisa <strong>da</strong> sazogadoebis mier bunebrivi resursebismarTvis, kanoniTa <strong>da</strong> sazogadoebrivi RirebulebebiT <strong>da</strong>kisrebulivaldebulebis Sesrulebis SefasebisaTvis.<strong>monitoringis</strong> upiratesobanisakuTari misiis Sesasruleblad bevri arasamTavro organizaciaawarmoebs monitorings, radgan swori informaciis SegrovebiTa<strong>da</strong> sazogadoebisaTvis miwodebiT maT SeuZliaT gavlena iqonionmTavrobaze <strong>da</strong> samTavrobo politikaze. organizacias, romelicwarmatebiT awarmoebs monitorings, sul mcire Svidi saxis sargeblismiReba SeuZlia:31

1. bunebrivi resursebis mdgomareobis Sefaseba;sazogadoebisa <strong>da</strong> sxva jgufebis cnobierebis asamaRlebla<strong>da</strong>rasamTavrobo organizacias sWirdeba problemis arsisa <strong>da</strong>misi masStabis <strong>da</strong>dgena-Sefaseba. aseve, <strong>monitoringis</strong> SedegebigansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania arasamTavrobo organizaciisaTvisresursebis mdgomareobis Sesafaseblad (anu izrdeba, Tu mcirdebaresursi).2. politikuri gavlena;informacia arc Tu usasyidlod, an Tavisuflad xelmisawvdomiamaTTvis, visac mcire politikuri <strong>da</strong> ekonomikuri gavlena aqvT.informaciisadmi xelmisawvdomobis gareSe ki naklebad SesaZlebeliagaremos<strong>da</strong>cviT politikaze zegavlena. monitoringi arasamTavroboorganizacias saSualebas aZlevs moaxdinos bunebrivi resursebismarTvis sistemis saWiroebasTan Sesabamisobis Sefaseba. <strong>monitoringis</strong>Sedegad mopovebuli sando informacia mZlavri iaraRia arasamTavroboorganizaciisaTvis Tavisi poziciis sisworis sailustraciod.3. problemebis winaswar gaTvlisa <strong>da</strong> Tavi<strong>da</strong>n aridebisSesaZlebloba;arasamTavobo organizaciebs SeuZliaT monitoringi promlemiswamoWris, an misi Tavi<strong>da</strong>n aridebisaTvis gamoiyenon. sazogadoebaSi,samTavrobo struqturebsa <strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis mimRebTa SorisgangaSis atexviT arasamTavrobo organizacias zogjer SeuZliaproblemis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n aridebisaTvis swori qmedebis provocireba.4. <strong>da</strong>mkvireblis (watchdog) statusi;warwera saxlze - “ezoSi avi ZaRlia", gafrTxilebaa potenciuriqurdebisTvis. organizacias, romelic awarmoebs monitorings, msgavsifunqcia gaaCnia. Tuki garemos xelovnurad miadga ziani, <strong>da</strong>mnaSavemicis, rom mas SesaZloa pasuxi moeTxovos. potenciurma <strong>da</strong>mnaSavemSesaZloa Tavi Seikavos <strong>da</strong>naSaulis Cadenisagan, misi gamoaSkaravebisSiSiT. sando <strong>da</strong> gamocdili arasamTavrobo organizaciebis, mxolo<strong>da</strong>rsebobamac ki SesaZloa SezRudos garemosaTvis zianis aSkaradmiyenebis faqtebi, radganac kanon<strong>da</strong>mrRvevma icis, rom misi <strong>da</strong>naSauliar <strong>da</strong>rCeba SeuCneveli.5. mokavSireTaTvis saWiro informaciis miwodeba;bevr organizacias ara aqvs sakmarisi resursi, raTa Tava<strong>da</strong>warmoos monitoringi. informaciis urTierTgaziareba arasamTavroboorganizaciebs matebs mokavSireebs <strong>da</strong> Zalas araswori politikiswinaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad.6. aRiareba;aRiarebis mopoveba <strong>monitoringis</strong> mwarmoebeli organizaciebismier xdeba droTa ganmavlobaSi <strong>da</strong> mxolod mas Semdeg, racxelisufleba, samrewvelo seqtori, media <strong>da</strong> mTlianad sazogadoebandobiT ganewyoba <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>rwmundeba maT mier miwodebuli informaciissisworesa <strong>da</strong> sarWiroebaSi. amgvari ndobiT aRWurvili arasamTavroboorganizaciebi sul ufro metad xdebian informaciis wyaro.32

7. TviTSefaseba.monitoringi exmareba arasamTavrobo organizaciebs, Seafason,ramdenad emsaxureba <strong>da</strong>saxuli miznebis miRwevas maTi saqmianoba <strong>da</strong>ramdenad SeuZlia mas zegavlenis moxdena.<strong>monitoringis</strong> zogadi mimoxilvanebismieri <strong>monitoringis</strong> programis kredoarsebobs kargi <strong>monitoringis</strong> oTxi ZiriTadi maxasiaTebeli:1. gqondeT naTeli warmodgena imaze, ris monitorings awarmoebT<strong>da</strong> risTvis;2. awarmoeT monitoringi martivad <strong>da</strong> uSualod;3. moipoveT sando <strong>da</strong> miukerZoebeli informacia, romlisgamoyeneba SesaZlebelia cvlilebis miRwevisaTvis; <strong>da</strong>4. gaaxmovaneT Sedegebi zegavlenis mosaxdenad.sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva <strong>monitoringis</strong> programis detalebi, ra Tqma un<strong>da</strong>,gansxvavebulia, radganac programa un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>igegmos konteqstisgaTvaliswinebiT <strong>da</strong> amis zusti recepti ar arsebobs.ra aris monitoringi?<strong>monitoringis</strong> Sesaxeb uamravi literatura arsebobs <strong>da</strong> Sesabamisad,arsebobs am mcnebis arsiT erTi, magram gansxvavebuli formulirebisganmarteba. am saxelmZRvaneloSi, warmogidgenT monitorigissazogadod miRebul ganmartebas, romlis mixedviTac, "monitoringiaris garemo pirobebis cvlilebis <strong>da</strong>/an raime saqmianobis miznismisaRwevad progresis SefasebisaTvis, ganmeorebadi <strong>da</strong>kvirvebisSedegad mopovebuli informaciis Segroveba <strong>da</strong> analizi". es arisspecifiuri sakiTxisadmi droTa ganmavlobaSi Tvalyuris devnebisprocesi. am ganmartebis Tanaxmad, monitoringi:1. aris mravaljeradi ga<strong>da</strong>mowmebis procesi;2. amowmebs/zomavs specifiuri sakiTxis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva aspeqts;3. amowmebs/zomavs miznebTan mimarTebaSi miRweul progress;<strong>da</strong>4. axmovanebs Sedegebs, raTa sworad warimarTos saqmianoba.monitoringi aris konkretul sakiTxze fokusirebuli monacemebisSegroveba, konkretul kiTxvebze pasuxis gasacemad. arafokusirebulimonitoringi resursebisa <strong>da</strong> drois fuWi xarjvaa.monitoringi <strong>da</strong> masTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli qmedebebixSirad, sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saxelmZRvaneloSi “<strong>monitoringis</strong>" saTaurisqveS mTeli rigi qmedebebi arasworad aris gaerTianebuli. maTimagaliTebi warmodgenilia qvemoT. zogierTi maTgani SesaZloa33

adeqvaturi iyos calkeul SemTxvevaSi, magram erTdulad yvela araris saWiro warmatebuli <strong>monitoringis</strong>aTvis.bunebrivi pirobebis Seswavla gulisxombs mocemuli teritoriisa<strong>da</strong> resursis safuZvlian biologiur <strong>da</strong> ekologiur Seswavlas.romelime teritoriis aseTi Seswavlis Sedegebi <strong>da</strong> konservaciulimniSvneloba, SesaZloa gaxdes <strong>monitoringis</strong> safuZveli, magramamgvari kvlevebi ar aris igive, rac monitoringi.kvleva moicavs samecniero <strong>da</strong> SesaZloa eqsperimentul samuSaosmovlenaTa “mizez-Sedegobriobis" <strong>da</strong>sadgenad. bunebrivi pirobebisSeswavlis msgavsad, kvleva SesaZloa gaxdes mniSvnelovani safuZveli<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>sabuTeba <strong>monitoringis</strong> programis detalebisaTvis, magram eskvlavac ar iqneba monitoringi.inventarizacia aris saxeobrivi Semadgenlobis, an resursismdgomareobis Sesaxeb, monacemTa erTjeradi Segroveba. inventarizaciaxSirad saWiroa <strong>monitoringis</strong> sawyis, <strong>da</strong>gegmvis stadiaze, radganmisi saSualebiT ganisazRvreba momavalSi cvlilebis <strong>da</strong>dgenisaTvisSesa<strong>da</strong>rebeli monacemebi. ganmeorebadi inventarizacia SesaZloaganixilebodes, rogorc monitoringi.ganxorcielebis monitoringi aris informaciis Segroveba qmedebisSesrulebis Sesaxeb, anu Sesrul<strong>da</strong> Tu ara aRebuli valdebulebaqmedebis Sesrulebis Taobaze. es aris Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT advili kvleva,radganac xdeba mxolod imis <strong>da</strong>dgena ganxorciel<strong>da</strong> Tu araqmedeba.arsebobs sami msgavsi tipis monitoringi, romelsac iyenebenarasamTavrobo organizaciebi zemoqmedebis Sesafaseblad: fonurimdgomareobis monitoringi, cvlilebis/tendenciis monitoringi <strong>da</strong>zRvruli mdgomareobis monitoringi.fonuri mdgomareobis monitoringifonuri mdgomareobis monitoringi zomavs/afasebs <strong>monitoringis</strong>obieqtis statuss, raTa <strong>da</strong>dgindes misi mudmivi, “normaluri"mdgomareoba. fonuri mdgomareobis monitoringi xSirad xorcieldeba<strong>da</strong>gegmili saqmianobis (mag. kaSxlis mSenebloba, xe-<strong>tyis</strong> intensiuriWra) Sedegad gamowveuli cvlilebis dokumentirebisaTvis. fonurimdgomareobis monitoringi Zalzed mniSvnelovania resursebisracionaluri marTvisaTvis <strong>da</strong> mTavrobebisaTvis, romlebicaxorcieleben ganviTarebis proeqtebs; magram arasamTavroboorganizaciebisaTvis, rogorc wesi, es aris Tanxisa <strong>da</strong> droisaraefeqturi xarjva. aseTi kvlevebi moklebulia naTel, specifiurmizans <strong>da</strong> Sesabamisad, advilad ar transformirdeba raimezegavlenaSi. umjobesia, ganisazRvros raime specifiuri mizani <strong>da</strong>fonuri mdgomareobis monitoringi <strong>da</strong>igegmos am miznis misaRwevad.miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad yovelive aRniSnulisa, ar SeiZleba fonurimdgomareobis <strong>monitoringis</strong> mniSvnelobis ugulebelyofa, radgan34

sxvis mier Catarebuli fonuri mdgomareobis monitoringi xSira<strong>da</strong>dgens “normalur" an “bunebriv" (gare zemoqmedebamdel) bilogiurmaCveneblebs, romlebic Rirebulia arasamTavrobo organizaciebisaTvisrogorc zRvruli maCveneblebi SemdgomSi cvlilebis <strong>da</strong>sadgenad.cvlilebis/tendenciis monitoringicvlilebis/tendenciis monitoringi gamoiyeneba resursiscvlilebis Sesafaseblad. izrdeba Tu mcirdeba resursis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvamaxasiaTeblebis maCveneblebi <strong>da</strong> ras ambobs es maCveneblebi resursismdgomareobis Sesaxeb? situacia umjobesdeba Tu uaresdeba? arisTu ara cvlileba, an cvlilebis tendencia. resursis mdgomareobisSefasebis es midgoma warmoadgens efeqtur ilustracias,Tumca moiTxovs didi raodenobis monacemebis flobas suraTisSesaqmnelad.zRvruli mdgomareobis monitoringizRvruli mdgomareobis monitoringi a<strong>da</strong>rebs <strong>monitoringis</strong>Sedegebs winaswar gaTvlil/<strong>da</strong>gegmil maCveneblebs. zRvrulimdgomareobis monitoringi gansakuTrebiT efeqturad gamoiyenebarodesac zRvruli maCveneblebi winaswar gaTvlilia racionalurian mecnieruli gansjis safuZelze. calkeuli <strong>da</strong>kvirvebebi SesaZloagamoyenebuli iqnes arsebuli mdgomareobis mizanTan Sesa<strong>da</strong>reblad.ase magaliTad, zRvruli mdgomareobis maCvenebeli SeiZlebaiyos SeTanxmeba erovnuli parkis <strong>da</strong>mxmare zonaSi mcxovrebmosaxleobasTan, imis Sesaxeb, rom isini wlis ganmavlobaSi moWrianmeoradi <strong>tyis</strong> 2%-ze naklebs <strong>da</strong> ar ganaxorcielben Wrebs pirveladtyeSi. Tuki Tqveni organizacia aRmoaCens, rom moWrilia 2%-ze meti,Tqven geqnebaT safuZveli amtkicoT, rom mosaxleoba ar marTavsresurss SeTanxmebisamebr. igive midgoma SesaZloa gamoyenebul iqnesindustriuli kompaniebis an mTavrobis valdebulebebis mimarT.<strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtebi <strong>da</strong> programebicalkeuli <strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqti mimarTulia konkretulimniSvnelobis sakiTxze. erTi an meti <strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqti qmnis<strong>monitoringis</strong> programas. <strong>monitoringis</strong> programa igegmeba raimefarTo sakiTxTan mimarTebaSi, romelic SesaZloa ukavSirdebodesarasamTavrobo organizaciis misiis ganacxads. <strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtifokusirebulia monacemTa Segrovebaze farTo sakiTxis erT-erTkomponentze.ase magaliTad, <strong>monitoringis</strong> programa SesaZloa miznad isaxavdesSeafasos erovnuli parkis biomravalferovnebis statusi, ekosistemissijansaRisaTvis arsebuli safrTxe <strong>da</strong> parkis marTvis efeqturoba.35

am miznis misaRwevad uamravi proeqtis ganxorcielebaa saWiro:(1) fonuri informaciis Segroveba parkSi biomravalferovnebisa<strong>da</strong> resursebis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb; (2) resursebis mopovebis(aralegaluri nadiroba, xe-<strong>tyis</strong> Wra) masStabis Sefaseba; (3)ekoturizmis ganviTarebis donisa <strong>da</strong> zegavlenis Sefaseba -vizitorebis raodenobis <strong>da</strong>dgena, maT mier gamoyenebuli bilikebismdgomareobis Sefaseba, narCenebis <strong>da</strong>grovebisa <strong>da</strong> ganTavsebissaSualebebis arsebobis <strong>da</strong>dgena <strong>da</strong> a.S.warmatebis gazomva<strong>monitoringis</strong> programa <strong>da</strong> <strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtic moicavskomponentis - “Sesrulebis xarisxis Sefaseba", romelic gulisxmobsproeqtis an programis efeqturobis Si<strong>da</strong> Sefasebas, anu warmatebiTvasrulebT Tu ar Cvens samuSaos. amgvari Sefaseba Sedgeba oTxiZiriTadi komponentisagan, an kiTxvisagan:1. warmatebiT ganvaxorcileT Tu ara monitoringi? anu, iserogorc es iyo <strong>da</strong>gegmili;2. movicaviT Tu ara winaswar gaTvlili samizne jgufebi?magaliTad, <strong>da</strong>rig<strong>da</strong> Tu ara bukletebis sakmarisi raodenobayvela sofelSi? gavi<strong>da</strong> Tu ara radioga<strong>da</strong>cemebi eTerSi? <strong>da</strong>iwera<strong>da</strong> gavrcel<strong>da</strong> Tu ara angariSi?3. iyo Tu ara komunikacia efeqturi? gaumjobes<strong>da</strong> Tu aramdgomareoba?4. <strong>da</strong> yvelaze mniSvnelovania, Seicvala Tu ara resursiskonservacia Cveni qmedebis Sedegad? Semcir<strong>da</strong> an aRmoifxvra Tuara destruqciuli saqmianoba? umjobesdeba Tu ara resursismdgomareoba?Sesrulebis xarisxis Sefaseba mniSvnelovania rogorc calkeuliproeqtisaTvis aseve mTeli programisaTvis.<strong>monitoringis</strong> gegmaSi miznebis <strong>da</strong>saxvis mniSvneloba<strong>monitoringis</strong> mizans un<strong>da</strong> hqondes Semdegi maxasiaTeblebi:1. miznebis <strong>da</strong>saxvisas un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>efuZnoT amocanas sasurveli miznismisaRwevad. mizani ar un<strong>da</strong> iyos idealuri, magram un<strong>da</strong> iyos TqveniSefasebiT saukeTeso <strong>da</strong> saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi Seicvalos;2. mizanSi un<strong>da</strong> Candes sasurveli Sedegi. naTelad Camoyalibebulimizani Rirebulia imiT, rom is saxavs amocanas, romelic gasagebiamTliani jgufisTvis <strong>da</strong> iZleva Ria diskusiis saSualebaswarmatebuli <strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtis SeqmnisaTvis. mizani aCvenebsTu ramdenia gasakeTebeli sasurveli Sedegis miaRwevad;3. erT-erTi yvelaze rTuli sakiTxi monitoringSi aris codna, Turodis un<strong>da</strong> gaCerde. miznis miRwevisas naTeli xdeba, warmatebuliiyo Tu ara Cveni saqmianoba; aqe<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, SegviZlia36

ga<strong>da</strong>videT Semdeg proeqtze, Tu saWiroa <strong>da</strong>matebiTi qmedeba, sanamresursis mdgomareobam kritikul zRvars miaRwia;4. naTlad Camoyalibebuli mizani <strong>da</strong>gexmarebaT situaciissimZafris gansazRvraSi <strong>da</strong> Sesabamisad <strong>da</strong>gexmarebaT proeqtisaTvissaWiro resursebis <strong>da</strong>dgenaSi.miznebis kargad Camoyalibeba <strong>monitoringis</strong> procesis erT-erTi,SesaZloa, umniSvnelovanesi etapia. miznebi un<strong>da</strong> iyos realisturi,specifiuri, gazomvadi <strong>da</strong> naTlad Camoyalibebuli. mizani ar un<strong>da</strong>iyos orazrovani an bundovani. maTi siZliere gamomdinareobs maTispecifiurobi<strong>da</strong>n.Semowmeba <strong>da</strong> indikatorebimraval ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebaTagan erT-erTi, <strong>monitoringis</strong> <strong>da</strong>gegmvisasaris imis ga<strong>da</strong>wyveta Tu ras vamowmebT. mas Semdeg rac TqvengansazRvreT monitorigis <strong>da</strong>niSnuleba – vTqvaT, mocemulteritoriaze xe-<strong>tyis</strong> Wris moculoba – Tqven gaqvT ori arCevani: (1)uSualod gazomoT Wris moculoba, an (2) amoirCioT Wris indikatorian “SefardebiTi maCvenebeli". Wragavlil tyeSi SegviZlia <strong>da</strong>vTvaloTmoWrili xeebis raodenoba, an Tuki es SeuZlebelia, “ganvsazRvroT"Wris intensivoba satvirTo manqanebis <strong>da</strong>TvliT. ra Tqma un<strong>da</strong>,satvirTo manqanebis raodenobis Wris intensivobis <strong>da</strong>sadgenadindikatorad gamoyenebis siswore <strong>da</strong>mokidebulia satvirTo manqanebisraodenobasa <strong>da</strong> xe-<strong>tyis</strong> Wras Soris arsebul kavSirze. igive exebayvela indikators – indikatorebi frTxilad un<strong>da</strong> SevarCioT!maRalxarisxiani <strong>da</strong> sando informaciandoba - arasamTavrobo organizaciis reputaciisaTvis umTavresifaqtoria <strong>da</strong> moipoveba droTa ganmavlobaSi sazogadoebisTvis sandoinformaciis mopovebis gziT. arasamTavrobo organizaciis nebismierimtkicebis safuZveli un<strong>da</strong> iyos samdo monacemebi. obieqturi,miukerZoebeli <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mtkicebadi analizi <strong>da</strong> sazogadoebisaTvisSedegebis sworad miwodeba erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi pirobaaarasamTavrobo organizaciis warmatebisaTvis.37

<strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtis etapebiarasamTavrobo organizaciebs ar aqvT imis fufuneba, rom fuWad<strong>da</strong>xarjon TavianTi resursebi cu<strong>da</strong>d <strong>da</strong>gegmil an ganxorcielebul<strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtebze – Tanxebi SezRudulia, TanamSromelTaraodenobac mcirea <strong>da</strong> repurataciac gafrTixilebas saWiroebs.proeqtis cudi <strong>da</strong>gegmarebis Sedegad SesaZloa ziani miadgesbunebriv resursebs romelTa <strong>da</strong>sacava<strong>da</strong>c iqmneba proeqti, <strong>da</strong>ikargossasargeblo informaciis Segrovebis SesaZlebloba <strong>da</strong> SeilaxosarasamTavrobo orgaizaciis reputacia. am safrTxeebis Tavi<strong>da</strong>nasacileblad gTavazobT sam etaps <strong>monitoringis</strong> warmatebuliproeqtisaTvis:I etapi: <strong>da</strong>gegmareba1. gaakeTeT monaxazi, romelic asaxavs proeqtis <strong>da</strong>niSnulebas,samizne jgufebs, miznebs <strong>da</strong> amocanebs;2. SearoveT informacia <strong>da</strong> masalebi (fonuri monacemebiscodnisaTvis);3. ga<strong>da</strong>wyviteT ras amowmebT <strong>da</strong> ra indikatorebis mixedviT;4. gansazRvreT meTodologia, masStabis, indikatorebis,monacemebis Segrovebis <strong>meTodebi</strong>sa <strong>da</strong> analizis <strong>meTodebi</strong>sCaTvliT;5. gamocadeT <strong>meTodebi</strong> (CaatareT sacdeli testi);6. CamoayalibeT komunikaciis (Sedegebis gaxmovanebisa <strong>da</strong>gamoyenebis) starategia;7. <strong>da</strong>TvaleT xarjebi.II etapi: ganxorcieleba1. SeagroveT monacemebi;2. <strong>da</strong>axarisxeT monacemebi Tematurad;3. gaakeTeT Sedegebis analizi.III etapi: komunikacia/Sedegebis gaxmovaneba1. amoirCieT Tqveni samizne jgufebi;2. ga<strong>da</strong>wyviteT rogor miawvdinoT xma <strong>da</strong> gavlena iqonioT samiznejgufebze.imisaTvis, rom <strong>da</strong>iwyoT <strong>monitoringis</strong> meore raundi, <strong>da</strong>ubrundiT IIetaps <strong>da</strong> gaimeoreT cikli. an Tuki <strong>meTodebi</strong> ar muSaobs, <strong>da</strong>ubrundiTI etaps axali gegmis Sesadgenad <strong>da</strong> SeasworeT meTodologiuriproblemebi. sabolood, Tuki SeasruleT <strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtismiznebi <strong>da</strong> amocanebi, SewyviteT monitoringi <strong>da</strong> gaaxmovaneT Sedegebi.Semdeg ga<strong>da</strong>inacvleT sxva saqmianobaze.winaswar <strong>da</strong>gegmeT proeqtis yvela faza, “yvelaze cudi scenaris"CaTvliT. Tumca, ganxorcielebis procesSi, yvelaze frTxili38

<strong>da</strong> detaluri <strong>da</strong>gegmvis miuxe<strong>da</strong>va<strong>da</strong>c, SesaZloa, Tavi iCinosgauTvaliswinebelma problemebma. <strong>da</strong>gegmvis etapze SerCeuli<strong>meTodebi</strong>s testireba/gamoc<strong>da</strong> mniSvnelovnad amcirebs problemebisraodenobas ganxorcielebis etapze, magram es yovelTvis ar arisSesaZlebeli. amitom yovelTvis mzad un<strong>da</strong> iyoT SeasworoT gegmebi<strong>da</strong> SecvaloT kursi rodesac “raRac ar muSaobs".39

<strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtis I etapi: <strong>da</strong>gegmareba<strong>da</strong>gegmareba warmatebis winapirobaa. <strong>da</strong>gegmarebis meSveobiT TqvenairidebT problemebs <strong>da</strong> isargeblebT mravali SesaZleblobiT,romelic sxva SemTxvevaSi SesaZloa ar gamovlindes. <strong>da</strong>gegmarebisprocesi gvexmareba proeqtis konceptualuri etapi<strong>da</strong>n (risi miRwevagsurT) speciur etapze (rogor mivaRwioT) ga<strong>da</strong>svlaSi <strong>da</strong> proeqtismonawileTaTvis naTeli miTiTebebis micemaSi. <strong>da</strong>gegmarebis procesis<strong>da</strong>sasruls, Tqven un<strong>da</strong> gqondeT detaluri samoqmedo gegma.<strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtis <strong>da</strong>niSnuleba,samizne jgufebi <strong>da</strong> miznebi<strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtis <strong>da</strong>niSnulebis gansazRvra<strong>da</strong>niSnulebis gansazRvra aris pirveli nabiji nebismieri<strong>monitoringis</strong> qmedebisaTvis, romelic SemdgomSi gansazRvravsmTlianad <strong>monitoringis</strong> programis arss. miaqcieT yuradReba, rom<strong>monitoringis</strong> <strong>da</strong>niSnuleba iyos martivad aRsaqmeli, specifiuri<strong>da</strong> miRwevadi. gaiTvaliswineT, rom rogorc wesi, <strong>da</strong>niSnuleba arisqmedeba, an cvlileba, romelic ganxorcieldeba sxvis mier. asemagaliTad, minitoringis <strong>da</strong>niSnuleba SeiZleba iyos saxelmwifouwyebebis qcevis Secvla, mompovebeli kompaniebis gaumjobesebulimenejmenti, an adgilobrivi mosaxleobis Semosavlebis zr<strong>da</strong>.samizne jgufis gansazRvramas Semdeg, rac Tqven gansazRvreT <strong>monitoringis</strong> <strong>da</strong>niSnuleba, un<strong>da</strong>gansazRvroT samizne jgufebi. amisaTvis Tqven un<strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>wyvitoT,Tu visze gsurT gavlenis moxdena; vis aqvs Zalaufleba Caerios<strong>da</strong> gamoiwvios cvlileba, romelic <strong>da</strong>gexmarebo<strong>da</strong>T Tqveni miznismiRwevaSi; savaraudod, vin gamoiyeneb<strong>da</strong> Tavis Zalauflebas Tqvenssasargeblod. samizne jgufi SesaZloa iyos farTo sazogadoeba,samecniero wre, saerTaSoriso safinanso institutebi, adgilobrivimosaxleoba, sxva arasamTavrobo organizaciebi, media, politikosebi,saxelmwifo moxeleebi <strong>da</strong> mewarmeebi. <strong>monitoringis</strong> programebisumetesobas ramdenime samizne jgufi hyavs.qvemoT, ixilavT <strong>da</strong>wvrilebiT informacias imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogorSearCioT samizne jgufebi <strong>da</strong> miawvdinoT maT xma.miznebis gansazRvra<strong>monitoringis</strong> miznebis gansazRvra <strong>da</strong>gexmarebaT <strong>da</strong>gegmvisprocesSi ga<strong>da</strong>wyvitoT Tu ra saxis monacemebi gWirdebaT situaciisdokumentirebisaTvis <strong>da</strong> samizne jgufisaTvis <strong>monitoringis</strong><strong>da</strong>niSnulebis <strong>da</strong>sabuTebaSi.40

fonuri informaciis codnaSemdegi nabiji aris arsebuli mdgomareobis Sesaxeb informaciisa<strong>da</strong> masalebis Segroveba. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vd imisa, rom Tqven, ra Tqma un<strong>da</strong>,geqnebaT garkveuli codna arsebuli mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, saWiroa<strong>da</strong>matebiT moipovoT specifiuri informacia, romelic <strong>da</strong>gexmarebaT<strong>monitoringis</strong> programis <strong>da</strong>gegmvasa <strong>da</strong> ganxorcielebaSi. esinformacia saSualebas mogcemT amoirCioT Sesatyvisi strategiamonacemTa SegrovebisaTvis, sworad SearCioT samizne jgufebi <strong>da</strong>SeityoT problemaTa Sesaxeb, romelTa arideba sawyis etapzeveaSesaZlebelia swori <strong>da</strong>gegmvis Sedegad.arsebobs winaswari informaciis mopovebis xuTi wyaro:1. adre Segrovebuli monacemebi, sacdeli kvlevebis CaTvliT;2. gamoqveynebuli naSromebi, wignebi, xelnawerebi;3. sxva eqspertebis gamocdileba;4. <strong>da</strong>interesebul mxareebTan interviuebi;5. piradi gamocdileba <strong>da</strong> intuicia.SeecadeT fonuri informaciis Segrovebisas gamoiyenoT informaciiswyaros farTo speqtri, magaliTad, interviuebi xelisuflebisa<strong>da</strong> kompaniebis warmomadgenlebTan, adgilobriv mosaxleobasTan,adgilze vizitebi, sagazeTo statiebi, <strong>da</strong>rgobrivi Jurnalebi, marTvisgegmebi, garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi kvlevebi, iuridiuli wignebi <strong>da</strong> nebismierisxva wyaro, romelic mogcemT Sesatyvis informacias.fonuri informaciis mopovebisaTvis gamosaZiebeli sakiTxebismagaliTebia:• resursis ekologia, misi gamoyenebis istoria, resursismimdebare teritoriaze mcxovrebi mosaxleobis socialurimdgomareoba;• resursTan kavSirSi arsebuli saxelmwifo politika <strong>da</strong>kanonmdebloba, sasamarTlo saqmeebis CaTvliT;• kompaniis mier wardgenili marTvis gegmebi <strong>da</strong>/an garemozezemoqmedebis Sefasebebi;• resursis ekonomikuri Rirebuleba;• kompaniis istoria <strong>da</strong> reputacia;• partniori organizaciebis Zlieri <strong>da</strong> susti mxareebi<strong>monitoringis</strong> ganxorcielebisaTvis;• kulturuli <strong>da</strong> enobrivi barieri adgilobriv mosaxleobasa <strong>da</strong>kompanias Soris;• <strong>monitoringis</strong> sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva <strong>meTodebi</strong>, im <strong>meTodebi</strong>s CaTvliT,romlebic warsulSi iyo gamoyenebuli am resursis mimarT;• resursiT sargeblobis gaumjobesebisaTvis adre warmatebiTgamoyenebuli midgomebi.<strong>monitoringis</strong> programis <strong>da</strong>gegmvisas, SeZlebis<strong>da</strong>gvaradgaiTvaliswineT potenciuri SesaZleblobebi. es SeiZleba iyospolitikuri SesaZleblobebi, rogoricaa politikuri debatebikonkretuli resursis gamoyenebaze; universitetebis /insititutebis41

Tbilisis, an adgilobrivi filialebis studentebi, romelTacsWirdebaT arasamTavro organizaciaSi msgavsi samuSaos gamocdileba;an donorebi, romlebic <strong>da</strong>interesebulni arian monitorigis SedegebSi.fonuri informaciis Segrovebisas, aseve, SesaZloa aRmoaCinoTsakiTxebi, romlebmac ganapirobos <strong>monitoringis</strong> programiscvlileba.gansazRvreT gazomvadi indikatorebiTavi<strong>da</strong>nve un<strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>wyvitoT, ra indikatorebi un<strong>da</strong> SeafasoT. isinipir<strong>da</strong>pir gamomdinareoben winaswar gansazRvruli <strong>monitoringis</strong>miznebi<strong>da</strong>n. amoirCieT rac SeiZleba martivad gazomvadiindikatorebi, romelic SemdgomSi iqneba advilad gasaanalizebeli<strong>da</strong> sazogadoebisaTvis gasagebi. zogierTi kvleva, SesaZloa, mxoloderT indikators eyrdnobodes, zogi ki ramodenimes Sesaxeb moiTxovdesinformaciis flobas.umjobesia, SeagrovoT informacia rac SeiZleba meti gazomvadiindikatoris Sesaxeb, romlebic erTad upasuxeben Tqvens kiTxvas.saboloo jamSi, is, Tu ra cvladebs gazomavT <strong>da</strong> ra <strong>meTodebi</strong>T,<strong>da</strong>mokidebulia <strong>da</strong>smul amocanaze <strong>da</strong> xelmisawdom resursebze. mzarecepti amisTvis ar arsebobs.qvemoT ixileT <strong>tyis</strong> aralegaluri Wris <strong>monitoringis</strong>aTvis zogierTiarasamTavrobo organizaciis mier gamoyenebuli indikatorebi.indikatori midgoma areali masStabi sizuste mizanivizitebi imadgilebSi, sa<strong>da</strong>cmosalodnelia Wra<strong>ukanono</strong>morebissawyobebiar arsebobdes<strong>ukanono</strong> morebissawyobebidokumentebi,romlebicmowmoben, rommorebi gaiyi<strong>da</strong>nebarTbisgareSe, anva<strong>da</strong>gasulinebarTviTaralegaluradmoWrilixe-tyiT<strong>da</strong>tvirTulisatvirTomanqanebidokumentebismopovebaramdenime ZiriTadmarSrutzemeTvalyureobis<strong>da</strong>weseba <strong>da</strong>manqanebis <strong>da</strong>TvlaarxorcieldebodesWra SesabamisidokumentaciisgareSe5 wlisganmavlobaSiaralegaluradmoWrili xe-<strong>tyis</strong>transportirebis50% Semcireba<strong>monitoringis</strong> programebis umetesobas aqvs martivi indikatorebi<strong>da</strong> gazomvis <strong>meTodebi</strong>. imas, Tu ra indikatorebs airCevT <strong>da</strong> risgazomvas ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetT, gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eniWeba TqveniSemdgomi ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebebisaTvis, romelic Seexeba monacemTaSegrovebis meTodebs, masStabsa <strong>da</strong> analizs.42

monacemTa Segrovebis <strong>meTodebi</strong>arsebobs monacemTa Segrovebis uamravi gza: Jurnalisturi andeteqtiuri gamoZieba, administraciuli Canawerebis mopoveba,teritoriis garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi Sefaseba, aerofoto ga<strong>da</strong>Rebebi, ansatelituri gamosaxulebebi <strong>da</strong> sxva. calkeuli proeqtisaTvisSesatyvisi meTodis SerCeva <strong>da</strong>mokidebulia iseT faqtorebze,rogorebicaa: proeqtis mizani, TanamSromelTa gamocdileba,partnior organizaciaTa arseboba, fasi, dro, monacemTa sizustissaWiro done <strong>da</strong> samuSao pirobebi. am faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiTSerCeuli monacemTa Segrovebis meTodi uzrunvelyofs TqvenisamuSaos warmatebas.qvemoT warmogidgenT monacemTa Segrovebis ramdenime ZiriTadjgufs.gamoZiebaam saxelmZRvaneloSi gamoZieba gansazRvrulia, rogorc<strong>monitoringis</strong> meTodi, romelic monacemTa SegrovebisaTvis iyenebs:1. Jurnalisturi an deteqtiuri gamoZiebis gzebs;2. interviuebs moqalaqeebTan an saxelmwifo uwyebiswarmomadgenlebTan, romlebic floben saxelmwifo informacias;3. farul qmedebebs sensitiuri an <strong>da</strong>culi informaciismosapovebladzogierT viTarebaSi gamoZieba yvelaze efeqturi saSulebaamonacemTa SegrovebisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT iq, sa<strong>da</strong>c politikuri <strong>da</strong>socialuri situacia ar aris Ria. <strong>monitoringis</strong> programis saWiroebasa<strong>da</strong> politikur situaciazea <strong>da</strong>mokidebuli, is, Tu gamoZiebis romelmeTods gamoiyenebT.gamoZieba, iseve rogorc <strong>monitoringis</strong> yvela meTodi, gansakuTrebiTefeqturia, roca gamoiyeneba cvlilebis tendenciis saCveneblad.“gamomZieblebi" agroveben <strong>da</strong> dokumentirebas ukeTeben Zneladxelmisawvdom informacias imis Sesaxeb, Tu rodis, sad, vis mier <strong>da</strong>rogor ganxorciel<strong>da</strong> saqmianoba. isini informaciis mosapovebladiyeneben interviuebs, <strong>da</strong>kvirvebebs, fotografirebas, videoga<strong>da</strong>Rebebs.sajarod Znelad xelmisawvdomi dokumentebis misaRebad zogjerfaruli, an gamogonili fsevdonimiT qmedebac warmatebis momtania.bevri saxelmwifo moxele, an romelime kompaniis TanamSromeliukmayofiloa <strong>da</strong> mtkivneulad ganicdis misi organizaciisarakeTilsindisier saqmianobas an cud marTvas. aseTi a<strong>da</strong>mianebiSesaZloa Rirebuli informaciis wyaro iyvnen. imis gamo, romgamoZiebis saSualebiT Cven, rogorc wesi, vcdilobT movipovoTinformacia, romelic <strong>da</strong>farulia xelisuflebis an kompaniis mier, essaqmianoba SesaZloa safrTxis Semcveli iyos, miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, romar varRvevdeT kanons. amitom, yovelTvis yuradRebiT un<strong>da</strong> adevnoTTvali gamoZiebis process, raTa aiciloT safrTxis Semcveli43

situaciebi. “gamomZieblebi" yovelTvis mzad un<strong>da</strong> iyvnen msgavsisituaciebisaTvis, kargad icodnen kanonis moTxovnebi <strong>da</strong> icavdnenmaT. aseve, gavlili un<strong>da</strong> hqondeT specialuri swavleba safrTxisSemcveli situaciebis amocnobisa <strong>da</strong> maTi Tavi<strong>da</strong>n aridebisaTvis.bevri arasamTavrobo organizacia iyenebs adgilobrivi mosaxleobisgamokiTxvis meTods. xSirad, magram ara yovelTvis, es saukeTeso gzaaadgilobrivi bunebrivi resursebiT sargeblobis Sesaxeb informaciismosapoveblad.informaciis meoradi wyaroebiarasamTavrobo organizaciebis umetesoba garkveul wilad iyenebsinformaciis meorad wyaroebs <strong>monitoringis</strong> ganxorcielebisas.xelisuflebis <strong>da</strong> kompaniebis saqmianobis amsaxveli dokumentacia,aseve gazeTebi, statistikuri krebulebi, interneti, samecniero <strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>rgobrivi samecniero-populariuli Jurnalebi <strong>da</strong> sxva mravalgvariwyaro zogjer sakmaod Rirebulia <strong>monitoringis</strong> programis<strong>da</strong>wyebisTvis <strong>da</strong> zogjer swored es informacia xdeba <strong>monitoringis</strong>programis safuZveli. meoradi wyaroebi organizacias ramdenimesaxis upiratesobas aniWebs: <strong>da</strong>ufaravi monacemebi xSirad Rirebuliinformaciis wyaroa, aseTi monacemebi gaZlevT mimarTulebas <strong>da</strong>xSirad <strong>monitoringis</strong> programis <strong>da</strong>niSnulebasac gansazRvarven.amasTanave, es wyaroebi <strong>da</strong>gegmvis, monacemTa Segrovebis, analizis<strong>da</strong> Sedegebis gaxmovanebis etapebis legalur, socialur, eTnikur, angaremos<strong>da</strong>cviT konteqsts ganapirobeben.meoradi wyaroebis gamoyeneba ufro advilia im qveynebSi, sa<strong>da</strong>cinformaciaze xelmisawvdomoba kanoniTaa uzrunvelyofili, xolokanoni <strong>da</strong>culi.aseve gamokvlevebisaTvis saWiro meoradi wyaroebi SeiZlebaiyos mTavrobasa <strong>da</strong> kompanias Soris <strong>da</strong>debuli xelSekrulebebi,finansuri operaciebis Canawerebi, marTvis gegmebi <strong>da</strong> ganacxadebigaremoze zemoqmedebis Sesaxeb <strong>da</strong> a.S. amgvari wyaroebi gvawvdisinformacias imis Sesaxeb, Tu vin aris xe-<strong>tyis</strong> Wraze momuSaveSvilobili kompaniebis namdvili mflobeli, sad aqvT maT Wrisufleba, waradgines Tu ara marTvis gegma, yofilan Tu ara odesme<strong>da</strong>jarimebulni kanonis <strong>da</strong>rRvevisTvis <strong>da</strong> a.S. am dokumentebisgamoTxova SesaZlebelia resursis marTvaze pasuxismgebeli Sesabamisisaxelmwifo struqturebi<strong>da</strong>n.miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad aRniSnulisa, xSirad aseTi saxis informacia <strong>da</strong>farulia<strong>da</strong> arasamTavrobo organizaciebi sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva midgomebs iyenebenmis mosapoveblad. ase magaliTad, zogi amjobinebs saministrosTanamSromlebTan axlo urTierTobebis <strong>da</strong>myarebas, zogi ki kompaniazeganawyenebuli TanamSromlebisgan moipovebs informacias.aseve mniSnvnelovani informaciis meoradi wyaroa kanonmdebloba,romelic aregulirebs resursis mopovebas <strong>da</strong> gamoyenebas. velzemopovebuli informaciis Se<strong>da</strong>reba kanonmdeblobasTan, romelic44

aregulirebs xe-<strong>tyis</strong> Wras, aris <strong>monitoringis</strong> programebisumetesobis mTavari strategia. stan<strong>da</strong>rtebi <strong>da</strong> wesebi, romelsacmTavroba <strong>da</strong> kompaniebi aweseben TavianTi saqmianobisaTvis, aris iszRvari, romelTan Se<strong>da</strong>rebiTac un<strong>da</strong> ganxorcieldes monitoringi.saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebi, an savaWro SeTanxmebebi, romlebicaregulireben resursis gamoyenebas <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebis marTvas,aseve garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi resursiT sargeblobisaTvis,mniSvnelovani informaciis wyaroa. yvela zemoTxsenebuli wyaroaris sajaro informacia <strong>da</strong> xelmisawvdomi un<strong>da</strong> iyos Sesabamissaxelmwifo uwyebaSi.savele <strong>da</strong>kvirvebebisavele <strong>da</strong>kvirvebebi, ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d, gulisxmobs saqmianobisdokumentacias. es midgoma idealuria aralegaluri saqmianobis,an cudi marTvis monitorigisaTvis <strong>da</strong> meorad wyaroebTan erTadgamoiyeneba arasamTavrobo organizaciebis umetesobis mier. savele<strong>da</strong>kvirvebebisTvis gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania <strong>da</strong>rRvevebis fotodokumentireba.teritoriis ganmeorebadi Sefasebaes aris meTodi, romlis drosac mkvlevarebi ganmeorebiT agrovebeninformacias erTi<strong>da</strong>igive teritoriaze cvlilebis Sesafaseblad.sworad ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi, miRebul monacemebs SesaZloasamecniero <strong>da</strong> statistikuri TvalaszrisiT sandoobis sakmaod maRalimaCvenebeli hqondes. am meTodiT mopovebuli informacia, SesaZloa,bevrad ufro detaluri iyos, vidre es arasamTavro organizaciassWirdeba politikaze zegavlenisaTvis.distanciuri zondireba / monacemTa Segrovebaaerofoto ga<strong>da</strong>Rebebis, video <strong>da</strong> satelituri gamosaxulebebisgamoyeneba SesaZloa did teritoriaze <strong>monitoringis</strong> warmoebisaTvis. essakmaod Zlieri <strong>meTodebi</strong>a miwis safaris cvlilebis <strong>da</strong>safiqsireblad<strong>da</strong> sarwmunoa ilustrirebisaTvis.monacemTa zondirebis teqnika moiTxovs specialur swavlebas <strong>da</strong>sakmaod Zviria. distanciuri zondirebis monacemebi, gansakuTrebiTki satelituri monacemebi, ar aris yvelasTvis xelmisawvdoni,magram is SeiZleba iyos SesaniSnavi saSualeba Tuki arasamTavroboorganizacias aqvs Sesabamisi resursebi gamosaxulebebis miRebisa<strong>da</strong> Sedegebis <strong>da</strong>muSavebisaTvis.arsebobs monacemTa distanciuri Segrovebis ori ZiriTadi saxe:gamosaxulebaTa (1) TviTmfrinavis (aero) <strong>da</strong> (2) satelitis saSualebiTmiReba. aero monacemebi, rogorc wesi, efuZneba vizualur,fotografiul an video monacemebs. satelituri monacemebi SesaZloaaseve iyos fotografiuli, magram, Cveulebriv, maTi saSulebiTizomeba de<strong>da</strong>miwis ze<strong>da</strong>piri<strong>da</strong>n areklili radiacia. eleqtromagnituri45

speqtris (mag. cisferi, mwvane, wiTeli, infrawiTeli) sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvazonebSi areklili radiaciis odenoba sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva teritoriazevegetaciis statusis <strong>da</strong>dgenis saSualebas iZleva. aero ga<strong>da</strong>Rebebisgamoyeneba bevrad meti sivrcis Sesaxeb iZleva monacemebis SegrovebisSesaZleblobas, vidre savele <strong>da</strong>kvirvebebi; xolo sateliturigamosaxulebebi bevrad ufro informaciulia. <strong>da</strong> radganac msofliosTiTqmis yvela wertilze <strong>da</strong>kvirveba permanentulad mimdinareobs,Tqven SegiZliaT ubralod iyidoT TqvenTvis saintereso teritoriissatelituri gamosaxuleba.idealur SemTxvevaSi, monacemTa distanciuri SegrovebisgamoyenebiT kvlevis <strong>da</strong>gegmvisas, analitikosi irCevs Tu ra saxismonacemebia saWiro kvlevis miznebisTvis. realobaSi, ki Cven, rogorcwesi SezRudulni varT mxolod im informaciiT romelic adviladxelmisawvdomia <strong>da</strong> ar aris Zviri. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, rodesacga<strong>da</strong>wyvetT monacemTa distanciuri Segrovebis romelime meTodisgamoyenebas, <strong>da</strong>rwmundiT, rom Tqven gaqvT sakmarisi codna monacemTaanalizisaTvis <strong>da</strong> mniSvnelovani <strong>da</strong>skvnebis gakeTebisaTvis.monacemTa distanciuri Segrovebis meTodis gamoyenebis <strong>da</strong>gegmvisas<strong>da</strong>rwmundiT, rom investicia amarTlebs Sedegs. <strong>monitoringis</strong>miznebi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, <strong>da</strong>balteqnologiuri midgoma SesaZloa iseveefeqturi aRmoCndes, rogorc bevrad ufro Zviri, maRalteqnologiuri<strong>da</strong> xangrZlivvadiani midgomebi, romlebic iyeneben distanciurzondirebas.meTodis SerCevamas Semdeg, rac ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetT ris monitorings apirebT, Semdeginabiji aris monacemTa SegrovebisaTvis meTodologiis SerCeva. esgulisxobs imis ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetas, Tu rogor, sad, vis mier, rodis, rasizustiT <strong>da</strong> sixSiriT un<strong>da</strong> Segrovdes monacemebi.saboloo ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetileba meTodologiis Sesaxeb un<strong>da</strong> moicavdesTqven xedvas monacemTa analizis Sesaxeb. mniSvnelovania, romwinaswar ifiqroT monacemTa analizis Sesaxeb, sanam <strong>da</strong>iwyebdeT TavadmonacemTa Segrovebas. gaxsovdeT, rom awarmoebT monitorings raTamoaxdinoT movlenaTa dokumentireba, xolo amas akeTebT imisaTvis,rom waradginoT angariSi <strong>da</strong> moaxdonoT gavlena. amitom <strong>da</strong>gegmarebisyvela etapze warmoidgineT, Tu ra iqneba saboloo Sedegi. racSeiZleba zustad <strong>da</strong>gegmeT Tu rogor moxdeba informaciis analizi<strong>da</strong> sazogadoebisTvis wardgena. mas Semdeg rac gansazRvravT meTods,an meTodebs, ga<strong>da</strong>wyviteT Tu vin gaakeTebs analizs <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>rwmundiT,rom es a<strong>da</strong>mianebi TqvenTvis xelmisawvdomi iqneba saWiro dros.<strong>meTodebi</strong>s gamoc<strong>da</strong>yovelTvis, rodesac es SesaZlebelia, CaatareT sacdeli kvleva,46

aTa SeafasoT ramdenad muSaobs meTodi. zogjer saukeTeso gegmebiSesaZloa araganxorcielebadi aRmoCndes velze, amitom amis Sesaxebumjobesia manamde SeityoT, vidre droisa <strong>da</strong> resursebis investiciasmoaxdenT.SeimuSaveT komunikaciis (Sedegebis gaxmovanebis)strategiaam etapze mniSvnelovania <strong>da</strong>gegmoT komunikaciis strategia. rogorgamoiyenebT monacemebs? geqnebaT, Tu ara sakmarisi informaciasarwmuno <strong>da</strong> sando angariSis warsadgenad samizne jgufisaTvis.naTelia, rom amis Sesaxeb winaswar sjobs fiqri. wlebis Semdeg,rodesac Tqven mixvdebiT, rom saWiro iyo <strong>da</strong>matebiTi monacemebisSegriveba, sakmaod gvian iqneba.SeimuSaveT biujetigaqvT, Tu ara sakmarisi Tanxa <strong>monitoringis</strong> gegmisgansaxorcielebad? Tu ara, gegma un<strong>da</strong> Seicvalos. xolo, Tuki gegmisSecvla SeuZlebelia, an Secvlis Sedegad igi araefeqturi gaxdeba,izruneT <strong>da</strong>matebiTi Tanxebis moZiebisTvis. am mZime realobis sxvaalternativa ar arsebobs. gegmis ganxorcielebis <strong>da</strong>wyeba arasakmarisiTanxebiT yovelTvis <strong>da</strong>sruldeba 1) arasrulyofili monacemebiT,<strong>da</strong> 2) usargeblo angariSebiT. yovelTvis ganaxorcieleT gegma,romlisTvisac gaqvT sakmarisi Tanxa <strong>da</strong> airideT usargeblo mZimeSroma.<strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtis II etapi: ganxorcieleba<strong>monitoringis</strong> gegmis Sedgenis Semdeg, un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>iyos misiganxorcieleba. qvemoT warmogidgenT informacias, Tu rogorSeagrovoT monacemebi, SeinaxoT maRalxarisxiani monacemebi <strong>da</strong>gaaanalizoT informacia. Cven ganvixilavT im ZiriTad problemebs <strong>da</strong>sakiTxebs, romlebic aRelvebs mcire arasamTavrobo organizaciebs.maRalxarisxiani monacemebi <strong>da</strong> SedegebimaRalxarisxiani informaciis Segrovebisa <strong>da</strong> analizisuzrunvelsayofad mniSvnelovania gansakuTrebuli yuradReba<strong>da</strong>uTmoT TiToeul nabijs monacemTa mopovebis procesSi. es nabijebiqvemoT aris moyvanili:1. dokumentireba gaukeTeT <strong>da</strong>gegmil meTods (anu <strong>da</strong>wereT igi);2. savele samuSaos <strong>da</strong>wyebamde <strong>da</strong>gegmeT gasvlebis materialurteqnikuriuzrunvelyofa;3. SeadgineT saWiro teqnikis sia; <strong>da</strong>47

4. <strong>da</strong>rwmundiT rom teqnika muSa mdgomareobaSia.monacmeTa warmoebisa <strong>da</strong> analizis fazaSi:1. SeinaxeT <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>aarqiveT informacia ramdenime adgilze;2. gamoiyeneT Sesabamisi analizis meTodika; <strong>da</strong>3. gaakeTeT Sesabamisi <strong>da</strong>skvnebi.Secdomebis aridebaSecdomebi Zalian mkveTrad aRiqmeba Tqvens samizne jgufSi<strong>da</strong> Tqvens samuSaos <strong>da</strong>udevrad an mikerZoebulad Sesrulebulisreputacias uqmnis. Secdomebi SesaZloa <strong>da</strong>Svebul iqnas nebismieretapze, <strong>da</strong>wyebuli monacemTa SegrovebiT, <strong>da</strong>mTavrebuli angariSismomzadebiT. yuradReba un<strong>da</strong> miaqcioT, rom moxdes maTi gamosworebayvela etapze. arsebobs oTxi ZiriTadi tipis Secdoma.uxeSi cdomilebauxeSi cdomilebis tipiuri magaliTi aris monacemTa Cawerisas<strong>da</strong>Svebuli Secdomebi, kompiuterSi monacemebis Seyvanisas <strong>da</strong>Svebuliuneblie Secdomebi, teqnikis araswori gamoyenebisas <strong>da</strong>SvebuliSecdomebi, an araswori maTematikuri gamoTvlebi. samwuxarod, uxeSicdomilebebi yevlaze farTod gavrcelebuli Secdomebia, magramSesaZlebelia maTi Tavi<strong>da</strong>n arideba frTxili <strong>da</strong> sistematiurijvaredini ga<strong>da</strong>mowmebis gziT. aucilebelia arsebobdes sistema,romelSic monacemebi sistematurad ga<strong>da</strong>mowmdeba procesis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvaetapebze. TiToeuli a<strong>da</strong>miani un<strong>da</strong> awarmoebdes sakuTari namuSevrisga<strong>da</strong>mowmebas. ufro metic, ga<strong>da</strong>mowmebaSi ramdenime a<strong>da</strong>miani un<strong>da</strong>monawileobdes, radganac sakiTxSi gaTviTcobiereba zogjer amcirebsSecdomebis <strong>da</strong>naxvis unars, amitom umjobesia ga<strong>da</strong>mowmeba gareSepiris mier moxdes. qvemoT, monacemTa marTvis qveTavSi, ganvixilavTga<strong>da</strong>mowmebis ramdenime sistemas.meTodologiuri cdomilebameTodologiuri cdomileba cudi <strong>da</strong>gegmarebis, an arasworiganxorcielebis Sedegia. magaliTebi moicavs monacemTaSegrovebisaTvis araswori meTodis gamoyenebas, <strong>da</strong>gegmili meTodisarasworad gamoyenebas, an araSesatyvisi analizis xerxis gamoyenebas.uxeSi cdomilebis msgavsad, meTodologiuri cdomileba SesaZloaaviridoT frTxili <strong>da</strong>gegmarebiTa <strong>da</strong> ganxorcielebiT. meTodologiuricdomilebebis arideba moiTxovs specialur swavlebas imisaTvis, romvelze <strong>da</strong> monacemTa analizze momuSave jgufebma SesZlon meTodissworad gamoyeneba.sistemuri an teqnikuri cdomilebasistemuri cdomilebebi ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d gamowveulia teqnikisgaumarTaobiT. am saxis cdomilebebis arideba SesaZlebelia mxolod48

xelsawyoebis xSiri <strong>da</strong> frTxili kalibrirebiT.SemTxveviTi cdomilebaSemTxveviTi cdomileba, romelic aseve iwodeba SerCeviTigamokvlevis cdomilebad, statistikis sagania. es gar<strong>da</strong>uvali Sedegiamosaxleobis farTo fenebis Sesaxeb <strong>da</strong>skvnis gasakeTeblad mcirejgufis SerCevisas. Tuki Tqveni analizisaTvis saWiroa statistika,aucileblad un<strong>da</strong> gaiTvaliswinoT SemTxveviTi cdomilebisarseboba. magaliTad, SesaZloa ver <strong>da</strong>viTvaloT tyi<strong>da</strong>n gamosuliyvela satvirTo manqana. sanacvlod, viTvliT satvirTo manqanebiszust raodenobas sanimuSo teritoriaze <strong>da</strong> Semdeg ganvazogadebTmonacemebs. gansxvaveba Cvens gamoTvlebsa <strong>da</strong> zust raodenobasSoris aris SemTxveviTi, anu SerCeviTi gamokvlevis cdomileba.SemTxvevviTi cdomileba gar<strong>da</strong>uvalia <strong>da</strong> statistikuri analizisstan<strong>da</strong>rtuli nawilia. SemTxvevviTi cdomileba SeiZleba aviridoTsamagaliTo teritoriis zomis SerCevisa <strong>da</strong> SerCevis meTologiisfrTxilad <strong>da</strong>gegmviT.monacemTa SegrovebamonacemTa velze Segrovebis teqnikamonacemTa SegrovebisaTvis teqnikis SerCeva xdeba imis <strong>da</strong>mixedviT, Tu ra saxis informaciis Segroveba gsurT. distanciurizondirebis monacemebi, savele monacemebi, interviuebis Canawerebi<strong>da</strong> sxva saxis informacia moiTxovs specifiur teqnikas. mas Semdeg,rac ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetT, Tu ra saxis informacia gWirdebaT, un<strong>da</strong> moipovoTwarmatebuli magaliTebi imisa, Tu rogor akeTeben amas sxvebi.arsebobs velze monacemTa Segrovebis sami ZiriTadi wesi. (1)<strong>da</strong>saxeT gegma <strong>da</strong> misdieT mas; (2) winaswar moamzadeT Sesavsebadmartivi <strong>da</strong> gamosayeneblad sasargeblo cxrilebi monacemTaSesayvanad; (3) droulad ga<strong>da</strong>wereT (ganavrceT) savele Canawerebi,sanam detalebi kargad gaxsovT.monacemTa CaweramonacemTa velze Caweris sami saSualeba arsebobs: (1) monacemTaspecialur savele formebSi monacemTa xeliT Cawera; (2) audio <strong>da</strong>video Canawerebi; (3) portabeluri kompiuterebi. ra Tqma un<strong>da</strong>, essaSualebebi ar aris urTierTgamomricxavi <strong>da</strong> SesaZlebelia maTikombinireba ufro meti sizustisaTvis.(1) monacemTa savele formebiupiratesoba:• monacmTa savele formebi an rveulebi iafia <strong>da</strong> msubuqi;• isini SesaZloa moTavsdes wyalgaumtar CanTaSi <strong>da</strong> naklebad<strong>da</strong>zianebadia velze;49

nakli:• monacemTa ga<strong>da</strong>wera ofisSi <strong>da</strong>brunebisas did dros moiTxovs;• xelnaweri SesaZloa waiSalos an gakruli xeliT <strong>da</strong>werili <strong>da</strong>Znelad wakiTxvadi iyos.rCevebi savele formebis gamoyenebiT monacemTa Segrovebisgasaumjobeseblad:• winaswar gaamzadeT specialuri formebi, romlebic gagiadvilebTmonacmeTa Cawerisa <strong>da</strong> Semdeg Canawerebis ganvrcobis process.• wereT garkveviT!• winasawar SeitaneT formebSi rac SeiZleba meti ukve cnobiliinformacia. es Seamcirebs ganmeorebiTi weris saWiroebas <strong>da</strong>Secdomebis albaTobas.cxrilebi:arsebobs ramdenime saxis informacia, romelic un<strong>da</strong> aisaxosproeqtis ganmavlobaSi gamoyenebul yvela cxrilSi:1. proeqtis saTauri;2. TariRi;3. adgilmdebareoba;4. <strong>da</strong>mkvirvebelis vinaoba (a<strong>da</strong>miani an a<strong>da</strong>mianebi, romlebicagroveben monacemebs);5. dokumentis gverdebis raodenoba;6. cxrilSi un<strong>da</strong> iyos adgili <strong>da</strong>matebiTi komentarebisaTvis.aseTi saxis informacia aadvilebs cxrilebis gamoyenebas, rogorcSevsebisas, aseve momavalSi gamoyenebisaTvis, radganac droTaganmavlobaSi, mexsierebaSi sul ufro naklebi informacia gvrCeba.TariRi, saTauri <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mkvirveblebis vinaoba, momavalSi ga<strong>da</strong>mwyvetiacxrilebSi gaurkveveli Canaweris <strong>da</strong>zustebisaTvis.yovelTvis ar aris SesaZlebeli srulyofili savele formis winasawarmofiqreba. xSirad saWiroa garkveuli cvlilebebis adgilze Setana anmomavalSi gaTvaliswineba. rogor un<strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>wyvitos <strong>da</strong>mkvirvebelma,Tu ra saxis informacia Seitanos cxrilSi komentaris saxiT?naTelia, rom cxrilebi ar un<strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>ivsos <strong>da</strong>matebiTi komentarebiTan informaciiT, romelic SesaZloa sainteresoa, magram kavSirSiar aris proeqtTan. es Zalian gaarTulebs SemdgomSi monacemTainterpretaciis process. amavdroulad, nebismieri komentari an<strong>da</strong>kvirveba, romelic mniSvnelovania kvlevisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT kiinformacia, romelic gavlenas iqoniebs monacemTa interpretaciasa<strong>da</strong> analizze, aucileblad un<strong>da</strong> aisaxos Sesaferis grafaSi.(2) audio <strong>da</strong> video Canawerebiupiratesoba:• xelis magnitofonebis gamoyeneba amcirebs savele kvlebisTvissaWiro monacemebis Caweris dros;50

• detaluri aRwera SesaZloa ufro nakleb droSi Caiwerossityvierad, vidre werilobiT;• video Canawerebi dokumentirebis saukeTeso saSualebaa <strong>da</strong>xSirad gamoiyeneba Sedegebis gaxmovanebis procesSi;• monacemTa interpretacia SesaZloa moxdes Se<strong>da</strong>rebiTkomfortul pirobebSi.nakli:• monacemebi un<strong>da</strong> gaiSifros gamoyenebamde;• es aparatura ufro Zviria vidre qaRaldi <strong>da</strong> sWirdebabatareebi;• aparati SesaZloa uecrad ise gafuWdes, rom <strong>da</strong>ikargosmasze arsebuli informacia, an monacemTa Semdgomi SegrovebisSesaZlebloba;• radganac ar arsebobs monacemTa forma, romelzec SesaZloa“Seuvsebeli" grafebis <strong>da</strong>naxva, zogierTi kategoriis monacemiSesaZloa ver moipovo;rCevebi audio <strong>da</strong> video teqnikis gamoyenebiT monacemTa SegrovebisgaumjobesebisaTvis:• Canawerebi un<strong>da</strong> gaiSifros (moxdes qaRaldze ga<strong>da</strong>tana)rac SeiZleba swrafad, saukeTeso SemTxvevaSi veli<strong>da</strong>n<strong>da</strong>brunebisTanave;• Tan iqonieT carieli savele formebi, romelzec aRniSnavT,Tu ra saxis informaciis Cawera gWirdebaT;• velze Tan iqonieT savele formebi, aparatis gaumarTaobisSemTxvevaSi monacemTa xeliT Casawerad;• isaubreT garkveviT;• yvela kasetaze CawereT erTi<strong>da</strong>igive sabaziso informacia;• yvela kaseta <strong>da</strong>asaTaureT <strong>da</strong> srulad <strong>da</strong>awereT proeqtissaTauri, TariRi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mkvirveblis vinaoba;• periodulad ga<strong>da</strong>amowmeT Cawerili masala, raTa <strong>da</strong>rwmundeT,rom aparati gamarTulad muSaobs.(3) portabeluri kompiuterebiupiratesoba:• ofisSi monacemTa ganvrcobisaTvis sWirdeba mcire dro;• zogierTi monacemi SesaZloa pir<strong>da</strong>pir Seyvanili iyos saWiroprogramaSi;• Tuki kompiteri aRWurvilia navigaciisa <strong>da</strong> geoinformaciulisistemiT (GIS) SesaZlebelia adgilmdebareobis adgilzegansazRvra;nakli:• portabeluri kompiuterebi sakmaod Zviria;• moxmarebis dro velze SezRudulia batareebissicocxlisunarianobis vadiT;51

• kompiuteri SesaZloa mouxerxebeli iyos velze mZime wonisa<strong>da</strong> ekranis mcire zomis gamo;• SesaZloa <strong>da</strong>ziandes wvimaSi moxvedrisas, mogparon an saerTodCamogarTvan;rCevebi:• portabeluri kompiuterebi velze umjobesia wyalgaumtariCanTiT ataroT;• SeecadeT periodulad ga<strong>da</strong>weroT informacia sxva saSualebebze(mag. kompaqtur diskebze);• Tuki SesaZlebelia, Tan iqonieT sarezervo batarea;• SeimuSaveT eleqtronuli formebi monacemTa swrafiCawerisaTvis.monacemTa marTva<strong>monitoringis</strong> programisTvis mniSvnelovania Segrovebulimonacemebis frTxilad warmoeba <strong>da</strong> marTva. araSesaferisadgilas Senaxuli, <strong>da</strong>viwyebuli an, rac yvelaze xSiria, cu<strong>da</strong>ddokumentirebuli monacemebi sayovelTao problemaa. mniSvnelovania,rom Tqvens organizacias hqondes monacemTa warmoebis procedurebiprocesis yvela etapze, monacemTa Segrovebi<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>wyebuli saboloodokumentis SeqmniT <strong>da</strong>mTavrebuli. qvemoT SemogTavazebT monacemTakompiuteruli arqivaciis ramdenime sistemas, Tumca monacemTaqaRaldze Senaxvac igive wesiT un<strong>da</strong> xorcieldebodes.monacemTa kompiuterSi Setana <strong>da</strong> ofisSi SenaxvamonacemTa kompiuterSi Setana <strong>da</strong> marTvis procesi SesaZloa xuTetapad <strong>da</strong>iyos:1. kompiuteruli programis SerCeva;2. monacemTa Setana, failisaTvis Sesaferisi saxelisgamoyenebiT;3. monacemTa dokumentireba;4. Setanili monacemebis ga<strong>da</strong>mowmeba; <strong>da</strong>5. Seqmnili dokumentebis ramdenime aslis gakeTeba <strong>da</strong> usafrTxoadgilas Senaxva.agreTve mniSvnelovania velze gakeTebuli Canawerebis originalebisSenaxva, raTa dokumentis kompiuteruli versiis <strong>da</strong>kargvis SemTxvevaSisamuSao Tavi<strong>da</strong>n ar gaxdes Casatarebeli.kompiuteruli programis SerCevateqsturi re<strong>da</strong>qtorebi (mag. e.w. “maikrosoft vordi"): teqsturire<strong>da</strong>qtorebi naklebad mosaxerxebelia monacemTa SenaxvisaTvis,radganac isini ufro sityvier Sinaarszea gaTvlili <strong>da</strong> naklebadgamoiyeneba ricxvebTan muSaobisas. teqsturi monacemebisaTvis,rogorcaa interviuebi, teqsturi re<strong>da</strong>qtorebi saukeTeso arCevania.52

eleqtronuli cxrilebi: “maikrosoft eqseli" eleqtronulicxrilebis programis erT-erTi saxeobaa, romelic iZleva cifrulian teqsturi cxrilebis advilad manipulirebis SesaZleblobas.eleqtronuli cxrilebis gamoyeneba teqsturi monacemebisTvisnaklebad mosaxerxebelia. am programebis meSveobiT SesaZlebeliazogierTi statistikuri analizis gakeTeba <strong>da</strong> grafikuligamosaxulebebis Seqmna.sivrculi analizis programebi: geoinformaciuli sistemebi(GIS) yvelaze farTod gamoyenebadi sivrculi analizis programaa.es sakmaod Zlieri, sul ufro popularuli <strong>da</strong> advilad mosaxmariprogramebia. misi fasi SesaZloa sakmaod didi iyos, <strong>da</strong>wyebuliramodenime aseuli<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>srulebuli ramodenime aTeuli aTasi aSSdolariT, Tumca es Rirebuli investiciaa.failebisaTvis Sesatyvisi <strong>da</strong>saxelebis gamoyenebadokumentebiT savse kompiuterSi failisaTvis Sesaferisi saxelis<strong>da</strong>rqmevas didi mniSvneloba aqvs. proeqtebisa <strong>da</strong> monacemTaraodenobis zr<strong>da</strong>sTan erTad, <strong>da</strong>udevrad <strong>da</strong>saxelebuli failebi,saukeTeso SemTxvevaSi, SesaZloa namdvil Tavis tkivilad ga<strong>da</strong>iqces,xolo uares SemTxvevaSi, monacemTa <strong>da</strong>kargviT <strong>da</strong>mTavrdes. yoveliveaRniSnulis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n asarideblad: (1) SeqmeniT failebis stan<strong>da</strong>rtuli<strong>da</strong>saxelebis sistema <strong>da</strong> (2) monacemTa failebi ganaTavseTindividualuri proeqtebisaTvis gankuTvnil direqtoriebSi.monacemTa dokumentirebadokumentacia un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>iwyos proeqtisa <strong>da</strong> monacemTa SegrovebismeTodis aRweriT. monacemTa Segrovebis formebi <strong>da</strong> aseve gamoyenebulmeTodTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli nebisieri sxva informacia (kontaqtebi,TariRebi, informaciis wyaroebi) un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>arqivdes, raTa SemdgomSinebismieri gaugebrobis dros samuSao jgufis wevrebs hqondeTgaugebrobis wyaros <strong>da</strong>dgenis saSualeba.monacemTa ga<strong>da</strong>mowmebagakruli xeliT gakeTebuli Canaweris kompiuterSi ga<strong>da</strong>tanisasSesaZloa <strong>da</strong>Svebul iqnas mniSvnelovani Secdomebi (mag. 9,9-is nacvlad99). amitom, mas Semdeg, rac monacemebi Setanilia kompiuterSi,dokumentis eleqtronuli versia aucileblad <strong>da</strong>kvirvebiT un<strong>da</strong>ga<strong>da</strong>mowmdes <strong>da</strong> Se<strong>da</strong>rdes xelnawerebTan.monacemTa <strong>da</strong>kargvisagan Tavis <strong>da</strong>cvamas Semdeg, rac monacemebs SeagrovebT, pirvel rigSi izruneT,rom yvela dokuments hqondes asli <strong>da</strong> orive varianti usafrTxo<strong>da</strong> ganxvavebul adgilze inaxebodes. aslebis Seqmnisa <strong>da</strong> Senaxvisprocesi proeqtis <strong>da</strong>srulebamde un<strong>da</strong> grZeldebodes, xolo proqtis<strong>da</strong>srulebis Semdeg yvela saboloo dokumenti, masalebi <strong>da</strong> procesis53

aRwera un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>arqivdes usafrTxo adgilze.monacemTa gaziarebagar<strong>da</strong> imisa, rom Tqveni monacemebi usafrTxod un<strong>da</strong> iyos Senaxuli,un<strong>da</strong> izrunoT, rom isini sxvebisTvisac gaxdes xelmisawvdomi. amiTmniSvnelovnad gazrdiT Tqvens mier warmoebuli <strong>monitoringis</strong>gavlenas.kompiuteruli failebidokumentacia, romelic gsurT, rom sxvebsac gauziaroT,aucileblad un<strong>da</strong> akmayofilebdes stran<strong>da</strong>rtul parametrebs (mag.failis moculoba ar un<strong>da</strong> iyos didi, ar saWiroebdes <strong>da</strong>matebiTifontebis an programebis gamoyenebas <strong>da</strong> a.S.).internetiinterneti monacemebis <strong>da</strong> masze <strong>da</strong>fuZnebuli angariSebisgavrcelebis saukeTeso saSualebaa. imis gamo, rom droTa ganmavlobaSiinternet-gverdebis Seqmna Zalze gaadvil<strong>da</strong>, informaciis gacvlainternetis meSveobiT sul ufro popularuli xdeba.organizaciuli qselebisaerTo interesebis mqone organizaciebis qseli SesaZloa Zalianefeqturi saSuleba iyos informaciis, gamocdilebisa <strong>da</strong> politikurizegavlenis gavrcelebisaTvis.monacemTa analiziefeqturi samonitoringo kvlevis <strong>da</strong>gegmva <strong>da</strong> ganxorcilebasakmaod Sromatevadi samuSaoa. Tumca mxolod cifrebi arafrismTqmelia, sanam isini ar gaanalizdeba <strong>da</strong> ar gakeTdeba Sesabamisi<strong>da</strong>skvnebi. mniSvnelovania, rom <strong>da</strong>skvnebi obieqturi <strong>da</strong> gamWirvaleanalizis <strong>meTodebi</strong>s gamoyenebiT gakeTdes.am saxelmZRavneloSi ganvixilavT monacemTa oTx farTo jgufs:intervius monacemebs; foto, an sxvagvarad xarisxobriv monacemebs;raodenobriv ekologiur monacemebs; <strong>da</strong> distanciuri zondirebiTmopovebul monacemebs. am saxis monacemebis analizisaTvis arsebobsoTxi saxis analitikuri midgoma:1. aRweriTi (dokumenturi) analizi (interviuebisa <strong>da</strong>fotomasalisTvis);2. grafikuli analizi;3. statistikuri analizi; <strong>da</strong>4. rukaze <strong>da</strong>tana.aRweriTi analiziinterviebi, fotoebi <strong>da</strong> sxva xarisxobrivi monacemebi Sesaferisi54

masalaa aRweriTi analizisTvis. aseTi saxis analizs moTxrobismsgavsi forma aqvs. kargad warmodgenili aRweriTi analizi SesaZloasakmaod <strong>da</strong>majerebeli iyos.aRweriTi analizi gansakuTrebiT sasargebloa, rodesac saWiroasfecifiuri situaciis farTod gaxmovaneba. magaliTad, situacia,rodesac irRveva kanoni, romelic krZalavs garkveul teritoriebze<strong>tyis</strong> Wras. interviuebi<strong>da</strong>n, an fotomasalebi<strong>da</strong>n miRebuli informaciissaSualebiT, SesaZloa <strong>da</strong>rRvevis winaaRmdeg sazogadoebismxar<strong>da</strong>Weris mopoveba.aRweriTi analizisas fotoebi SesaZloa ori gziT iqnasgamoyenebuli.pirveli: fotoebi SesaZloa gamoviyenoT aralegaluri an akrZaluliqmedebis dokumentirebisaTvis. samxilebad fotoebis gamoyeneba<strong>da</strong>mokidebulia maT sandoobaze. amitom, yovelTvis, rodesac esSesaZlebelia, TariRi <strong>da</strong> adgilmdebareoba un<strong>da</strong> aisaxebodes Tavadfotoze. amJamad, ukve farTod aris gavrcelebuli navigaciisa <strong>da</strong>mdebareobis gansazRvris sistemiT aRWurvili fotoaparatebi,romelTa am funqciis aqtivaciis Sedegad, mimdinare TariRi <strong>da</strong>adgilmdebareoba avtomaturad ibeWdeba fotoze. aseT fotoaparatebsxelmisawvdomi fasi aqvT <strong>da</strong> sakmaod kargi investiciaa <strong>monitoringis</strong>programebisaTvis.meore: fotoebis seria SesaZloa gamoviyenoT habitatis cvlilebisdokumentirebisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT Tu es cvlileba mniSvnelovania.habitatis mciredi cvlileba SesaZloa moiTxovdes uSualo gazomvebs,xolo ufro didi cvlilebebi SesaZloa advilad dokumentirebuliqnas fotoebiT. magaliTad, Tqven SegiZliaT pirwmin<strong>da</strong> Wrebisdemonstrireba “manamde <strong>da</strong> Semdeg" fotoebis gamoyenebiT. zemoTganxiluli TariRisa <strong>da</strong> adgilmdebareobis maCveneblebi asevegamoyenebul un<strong>da</strong> iqnes aseT SemTxvevaSi. Tuki “manamde" fotoebiar arsebobs, aseT SemTxvevaSi un<strong>da</strong> gamoiyenoT sateliturigamosaxulebebi, romelic a<strong>da</strong>sturebs Wrebamde iq <strong>tyis</strong> arsebobas.grafikuli analizifotosuraTi sakmaod <strong>da</strong>majerebeli dokumentia. amitom, girCevTmasTan erTad gamoiyenoT analizis strategia, romelic moicavsgrafikebs <strong>da</strong> ricxvebs. gansakuTrebiT sasargebloa grafikulianalizi, romelic iyenebs Se<strong>da</strong>rebebs mdgomareobis saCveneblad.zogierTi organizacia iyenebs am teqnikas, raTa aCvenos, sxvaqveynebTan Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT ramdenad cu<strong>da</strong>d xorciledeba maTTan esa Tuis garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi qmedeba.xarisxobrivi monacmebis grafikuli analizi yovelTvisrekomendirebulia, maSinac ki, rodesac Tqven gegmavT <strong>da</strong>matebiTstatistikuri analizis ganxorcielebas. amitom, grafikuliprogramebis SeZebna kargi investicia nebismieri arasamTavroboorganizaciisaTvis.55

statistikuri analiziis, Tu ra tipis statistikur analizs gamoiyenebT, un<strong>da</strong>ga<strong>da</strong>wyvitoT samonitoringo kvlevis <strong>da</strong>gegmvis sawyis etapze.calkeuli statistikuri analizis meTodis efeqturoba <strong>da</strong>mokidebuliamonacemTa raodenobasa <strong>da</strong> magaliTebis maxasiaTeblebze. TukisaWiro informacia arasakmarisi raodenobiTaa mopovebuli, analiziSeuZlebeli xdeba. ase magaliTad, variaciuli analizi, romelicikvlevs ga<strong>da</strong>xras saSualo monacemebi<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong> farTod gamoiyenebasxva<strong>da</strong>sxva jgufebis Sesa<strong>da</strong>reblad, ar SeiZleba ganxorcieldeserTi <strong>da</strong>kvirvebis Sedegad TiToeul jgufze. praqtikaSi amisaTvissul mcire 10 <strong>da</strong>kvirvebaa saWiro. Tuki es SezRudvebi winaswarar iqna gansazRvruli, araefeqturi monacemebi SeuZlebels xdisanalizis gakeTebas.miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, rom statistikuri analizi ar aris kosmosurifizikis msgavsi mecniereba, igi moiTxovs specialur unarebsa <strong>da</strong>codnas. amitom, statistikuri analizis ganxorcielebisaTvis, girCevTyovelTvis mimarToT specialistebs.sivrciTi analizisivrciTi analizi iyenebs monacemebs de<strong>da</strong>miwis ze<strong>da</strong>piris, miwisqveSanawilisa <strong>da</strong> atmosferos bunebrivi <strong>da</strong> politikuri kanonzomierebebisSesaxeb. sivrciTi analizisas gamoiyeneba socioekonomikuri,politikuri <strong>da</strong> fizikuri maxasiaTeblebi. rogorc es monacemTamarTvis qveTavSi iyo ganxiluli, arasamTavrobo organizaciebisumetesoba sivrciTi analizisaTvis geoinformaciul sistemebs iyeneben.geoinformaciuli sistemebi iZleva sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva sivrciT monacemebsSoris kavSiris asaxvis, maTi Se<strong>da</strong>rebisa <strong>da</strong> analizis SesaZleblobas– <strong>tyis</strong> tipi, miwis mflobeloba, mosaxleobis simWidrove, politikurisazRvrebi, gzebi, navTobsadenebi, mineraluri depozitebi <strong>da</strong> a.S.drois ganmavleobaSi sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva elementebze <strong>da</strong>kvirveba miwissafaris cvlilebis tendenciis <strong>da</strong> misi sxva elementebTan kavSirisanalizis SesaZleblobas iZleva. am saxis analizis produqtiSeiZleba iyos miwis safaris cvililebis identificireba <strong>da</strong> misigamomwvevi faqtorebis analizi. geoinformaciuli sistemebisaukeTeso saSualebaa bunebrivi resursebis konservaciisa <strong>da</strong>efeqturi marTvisaTvis. misi saSualebiT SesaZlebelia cvlilebiskanonzomierebis farTo speqtris <strong>da</strong>dgena, romelic Zalian ZneliaRmosaCenia sxva saSualebebiT. sivrciTi analizi xSirad iyenebsdistanciuri zondirebiT mopovebuli iseT monacemebs, rogorebicaa,satelituri gamosaxulebebi, aerofotografia <strong>da</strong> videografia.tyeebTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli tipiuri analizisas erTmaneTs edebamonacemebi tyiT <strong>da</strong>faruli teritoriebis <strong>da</strong> Wris nebarTvebis ansxva saxis saqmianobis Sesaxeb, raTa gamoCndes Tu arsebuli <strong>tyis</strong> raprocentia degra<strong>da</strong>ciis safrTxis qveS. monacemTa <strong>da</strong>mateba <strong>da</strong>culiteritoriebis an iSviaTi biomravalferovnebis adgilebis Sesaxeb56

saSualebas gaZlevT SeityoT, Tu ra viTarebaa maT <strong>da</strong>cvasTan<strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT. aSkara <strong>da</strong>rRvevebi, Tun<strong>da</strong>c iseTi aralegaluri qmedebebi,rogorcaa <strong>da</strong>cul teritoriebze gacemuli Wris nebarTva, SesaZloaaRmoCenili <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>majereblad gaxmovanebuli iyos geoinformaciulisistemebis meSveobiT. rodesac aseTi analizi keTdeba Wrisganxorcielebamde, <strong>monitoringis</strong> saSualebiT SesaZlebelia aseTi<strong>da</strong>rRvevis ganxorcielebis arideba.miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, rom sivrciTi analizis gakeTeba Zviria <strong>da</strong>sakmaod rTuli, es teqnologia sul ufro farTod gamoiyeneba. mcirearasamTavrobo organizaciebisaTvis SesaZloa sasargeblo iyossawyisad did partnior organizaciebTan TanamSromloba aRniSnuliteqnologiis gamoyenebisaTvis. satelituri gamosaxulebebi SesaZloaZalian efeqturi iyos (1) bunebrivi habitatiT an miwiT sargelobisSedegad landSaftis cvlilebis kanonzomierebis gamovlenisaTvis <strong>da</strong>(2) habitatebis iseTi calkeuli maxasiaTeblebis idetificirebisaTvis,rogoricaa axali gzebis an Wragavlili teritoriebis gaCena.<strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtis III etapi: komunikacia <strong>da</strong>gavlenaarasamTavrobo organizacebi agroveben xarisxian monacemebsmniSvnelovani sakiTxis Sesaxeb <strong>da</strong> akeTeben srulyofil analizs,magram saboloo jamSi maT ar aqvT gavlena <strong>da</strong> ar iwveven bunebriviresursebis mdgomareobis gaumjobesebas, radganac maT efeqtura<strong>da</strong>r gaaxmovanes maTi mignebebi. isini usargeblod xarjaven Tanxas <strong>da</strong>xeli<strong>da</strong>n uSveben bunebrivi resursebis mdgomareobis gaumjobesebisSesaZleblobas.arasamTavrobo organizacia iwyebs <strong>monitoringis</strong> programas mxolodim mizniT, rom gaaumjobesos bunebrivi resursis statusi <strong>da</strong> marTva.aRniSnulis misaRwevad <strong>monitoringis</strong> monacemebis gamoyeneba aris<strong>monitoringis</strong> procesis saboloo nabiji.<strong>monitoringis</strong> SedegebiT gavlenis moxdenas aqvs ori faza: (1)strategiis Seqmna <strong>da</strong> (2) misi ganxorcieleba. Tuki <strong>monitoringis</strong>monacemTa Segrovebis etapze mniSvnelovania gegmis zustadSesruleba, komunikaciis (Sedegebis gaxmovanebis) etapzemniSvnelovania sakiTxisadmi ufro Tavisufali midgoma <strong>da</strong> strategiissaWiroebisamebr Secvla. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad amisa, SeecadeT, rac SeiZlebameti <strong>da</strong>gegmoT winaswar, raTa gansazRvroT strategia, romelicimuSavebs <strong>da</strong> aseve SeqmeniT biujeti mis gansaxorcieleblad.komunikaciis strategiakomunikaciis strategiis SesamuSaveblad Tqven un<strong>da</strong>:1. amoirCioT samizne jgufebi; <strong>da</strong>2. amoirCioT gza, romelic iqneba saukeTeso samizne jgufebisaTvis57

xmis miwvdenisa <strong>da</strong> maTze zegavlenis moxdenisaTvis.rogorc wesi, <strong>monitoringis</strong> programebi iTvaliswineben erTzemet samizne jgufs <strong>da</strong> TiToeulisaTvis Sesaferis strategias.ase magaliTad, zogierTi organizacia aralegaluri WrebisaRsakveTad samizne jgufebad irCevs sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva qveynis mTavrobebs,saerTaSoriso arasamTavrobo organizaciebs <strong>da</strong> farTo sazogadioebas.maTi komunikaciis strategia ki moicavs personalur Sexvedrebs/brifingebs, angariSebs, werilebs <strong>da</strong> a.S.komunikaciis strategiis Seqmnas aqvs ori saxis sargebeli:pirveli, SesaZlebelia kolegebisa <strong>da</strong> yvela <strong>da</strong>interesebuli mxariskomentarebisa <strong>da</strong> SeniSvnebis miReba; <strong>da</strong> meore, SesaZlebeliamaqsimalurad Sesabamisi biujetis SemuSaveba.komunikaciis tonikomunikaciis strategiis mniSvnelovani nawilia Tqvenipublikaciebis tonis gansazRvra. komunikacia un<strong>da</strong> xorcieldebodessamizne jgufisaTvis martivi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>majerebeli toniT sando <strong>da</strong>obieqturi informaciis miwodebiT. am balansis <strong>da</strong>rRveva martivadSesaZlebelia informaciis Zalian mkveTri, ukompromiso an monacemebTanaraSesatyvisi informaciis miwodebiT. zogjer zedmetad ukompromisogancxadebebis gakeTeba arasamTavrobo organizaciebs sazogadoebismxar<strong>da</strong>Weras akargvinebs. gawonasworebuli <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>sabuTebuli tonimet kars aRebs.samizne jgufebis SerCevasamizne jgufebis SerCeva un<strong>da</strong> moxdes ori ZiriTadi kriteriumisgaTvaliswinebiT. pirveli: potenciur samizne jgufebs un<strong>da</strong> hqondeTunari <strong>da</strong> SesaZlebloba arasamTavrobo organizaciis informaciissafuZvelze gavlena moaxdinon procesebze. meore: un<strong>da</strong> arsebobdesjgufis survili/unari miiRos, Tqvens mier miwodebuli informacia.ase magaliTad, Tuki Tqvens mier SerCeul samizne jgufs SeuZliaaRkveTos qveyanaSi xe-<strong>tyis</strong> aralegaluri Wra, magram naTelia, rommas ar gaaCnia amis survili, am jgufis SerCeva ar iqneba saukeTesoarCevani. qvemoT CamoTvlilia ramdenime potenciuri samizne jgufi.mokavSireebierTi miznisaTvis mebrZol jgufebs xSirad SeuZliaT <strong>da</strong>matebiTisargebeli/gamoyeneba upovon Tqvens mier mopovebul informacias. esjgufebi SesaZloa yvelaze efeqturi samizne jgufi iyos.mTavrobaqveynis mTavroba umniSvnelovanesi samizne jgufia arasamTavroboorganizaciis informaciis gamoyenebisaTvis. mTavroba aris qveynis58

unebrivi resursebis ganmkargavi, is iRebs kanonebs, romlebicaregulireben resursebis moxamrebas <strong>da</strong> akontroleben maTSesrulebas. amitom, arasamTavrobo organizaciis mopovebul sando<strong>da</strong> obieqtur informacias bunebrivi resurebis statusisa <strong>da</strong> marTvisSesaxeb, Tuki is efeqturad aris mimarTuli, SesaZloa mTavrobazedidi gavlena hqondes.resursis mompovebeli kompaniebibunebrivi resursebis mompovebeli kompaniebis (mag. xe-<strong>tyis</strong><strong>da</strong>mamzadebeli kompaniebi, samTo-mompovebeli kompaniebi <strong>da</strong> sxv.)saqmianoba garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis udidesiinteresis sagania. maT saqmianobas umniSvnelovanesi zegavlena aqvTbunebriv resursebze. arasamTavrobo organizaciebis publikaciebismeSveobiT SeuZliaT miuTiTon kompaniebs cu<strong>da</strong>d warmarTulsaqmianobaze. maT Sesaxeb cudi informaciis gavrcelebam SesaZloakompaniebs ubiZgos saqmiaobis gaumjobesebisaken. amis efeqturadgakeTebisaTvis, mzad iyaviT aRiaroT kompaniis miRwevebic.sxva qveynis mTavrobebisxva qveynis mTavrobebi SesaZloa Sesatyvisi samizne jgufi iyos<strong>monitoringis</strong> zogierTi programisTvis. sxva qveynis mTavrobebi<strong>da</strong> korporaciebi SesaZloa yidulobdnen <strong>ukanono</strong>d <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>rRvevebiTmopovebul resursebs. am mTavrobebis gafrTxilebam SesaZloa ubiZgosmaT aseTi resursebis yidvisgan Tavis Sekavebis, an saerTaSorisokorporaciebisagan ukeTesi menejmentis moTxovnisaken. gar<strong>da</strong> amisa,sxva qveynis mTavrobebs, donoruli programebisa <strong>da</strong> diplomatiissaSualebiT, SeuZliaT gavlena iqonion garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi miznebiTresursebis marTvis gaumjobesebaze.mediamasobrivi media – gazeTebi, radio <strong>da</strong> televizia – informaciisswrafi <strong>da</strong> did teritoriaze gavrcelebis saSualebaa. media ufrofarTo sazogadoebisaTvis xmis miwvdenis saSualebaa, vidreTavisTavad samizne jgufi. <strong>monitoringis</strong> programisaTvis sasargebloaadgilobrivi presis, radios <strong>da</strong> televiziis, aseve igive tipissaerTaSoriso mediis gamoyeneba. pres-relizebi, pres-konferenciebi<strong>da</strong> satelevizio klipebi aseve Zalian efeqturia. am saSualebebisgamoyenebiT Tqven SegiZliaT ubiZgoT mediis warmomadgenlebsgaaSuqon TqvenTvis saintereso sakiTxi.saerTaSoriso arasamTavrobo organizaciebisaerTaSoriso arasamTavrobo organizaciebi SesaZloa zegavlenisgaZlierebis saukeTeso saSualeba iyos. maT SeuZliaT gamoiwvionTqveni samizne jgufis uprecendento yuradReba Tqvens miermopovebuli informaciis mimarT.59

saerTaSoriso donori organizaciebi <strong>da</strong> korporaciebies jgufebi (magaliTad, msoflio banki) Zalian mniSvnelovania,radganac isini xSirad gamoyofen Tanxas bunebrivi resursebisganviTarebisa <strong>da</strong> mopovebis proeqtebisaTvis. rogorc wesi, maTainteresebT am proeqtebis mier adgilobriv doneze moxdenili efeqti<strong>da</strong> amitom, Sesatyvis samizne jgufs warmoadgenen <strong>monitoringis</strong>Sedegebis gaziarebisaTvis.farTo sazogadoeba <strong>da</strong> momxmareblebisazogadoebrivi azri SesaZloa cvlilebis erT-erTi uZlieresiganmapirobebeli garemoeba iyos, Tun<strong>da</strong>c arademokratiulsazogadoebaSi. arasamTavrobo organizaciis informaciasSeuZlia sazogadoebrivi azris Seqmna. amisaTvis mravali saxisinformacia SeiZleba iyos Sesaferisi. ase magaliTad, adgilobrivimosaxleobisaTvis SesaZloa ar iyos cnobili garkveuli tyeebis anbunebrivi resursebis Rirebulebis Sesaxeb. SesaZloa, maT ar icodnen,an araswori informacia hqondeT, maTi qveynis bunebrivi resursebismarTvis Sesaxeb. aseve, SesaZloa Zalian efeqturi iyos sainformaciokampaniebi, romlebic mimarTulia momxmarebelTa <strong>da</strong>sarwmuneblad, arSeisyidon garkveuli saqoneli (<strong>ukanono</strong>d mopovebuli nedleulisgannawarmoebi).komunikaciis produqtebiarsebobs komunikaciis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saSualebebi, romlTa efeqturoba<strong>da</strong>mokidebulia samizne jgufis tipze. aseve gansxvavebulia maTTvissaWiro Tanxebis odenobac. komunikaciis strategiis SemuSavebisasfrTxilad un<strong>da</strong> SearCioT samizne jgufisTvis Sesatyvisi midgoma misiRirebulebis gaTvaliswinebiT. <strong>da</strong>imaxsovreT, mizani aris efeqturistrategiis SemuSaveba. erTi kargad momzadebuli dokumenti ufroefeqturia, vidre xuTi sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saxis araSesaferisad momzadebulimasala.mas Semdeg, rac moamzadebT masalebs, gansazRvreT wre,romlisTvisac saintereso iqneba am monacemebis miReba <strong>da</strong> mudmivadmiawodeT maT informacia. aseTi midgoma gansakuTrebiT amarTlebsmediasTan urTierTobis dros. mediis warmomadgenlebi miT ufroxSirad gamoiyeneben Tqven informacias, rac ufro xSirad SeaxsenebTTavs. droTa ganmavlobaSi, SesaZloa maT TviTonac ki mogmarTonsiaxleebisaTvis.personaluri brifingebi / Sexvedrebipersonaluri brifingebi SesaZloa informaciis gacvlis RirebulisaSualeba iyos, rogorc <strong>monitoringis</strong> mwarmoebeli organizaciisaTvis,aseve im jgufisaTvis, romelsac miewodeba informacia. es moicavsSexvedrebs ministrebTan, an sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saxelmwifo moxeleebTan,60

saerTaSoriso arasamTavrobo organizaciebis, an bilateraluridonori organizaciebis warmomadgenlebTan, interviuebs mas-mediisreportiorebTan, aseve sxva jgufebTan. personaluri brifingis dros<strong>monitoringis</strong> mwarmoebeli arasamTavrobo organizacia RebulobsmniSvnelovani personis yuradRebas, xolo is ki, Tavis mxriv, iRebsinformacias, romelsac ver miiReb<strong>da</strong> sxva saSualebebiT.arasamTarobo organizaciam un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>amtkicos, rom igi arissrulyofili, sando <strong>da</strong> miukerZovebeli informaciis mimwodebelimanamde, sanam <strong>da</strong>gegmavs Sexvedrebs mniSvnelovan a<strong>da</strong>mianebTan.sxva SemTxvevaSi, msgavsi Sexvedrebis miRweva Zalian Zneli iqneba.nebismier SemTxvevaSi, es Rirebuli mizani <strong>da</strong> strategiaa sxvamidgomebis Sesavsebad.upiratesoba:• brifingebis saSualebiT myardeba kontaqtebi gavlenianpirebTan;• brifingebis meSveobiT <strong>monitoringis</strong> <strong>da</strong>skvnebi xalxis xelSixvdeba, romelTac ZaluZT cvlilebis miRweva/ganxorcieleba;• Tqven iZenT axal a<strong>da</strong>mianebs, romlebic mzad iqnebian momavalSikvlav miiRon sxva informacia Tqvengan.nakli:• Sexvedrebis SeTanxmeba sakmaod Znelia, gansakuTrebiTaxladSeqmnili organizaciebisaTvis;• personaluri brifingebisas informacias mcire raodenobisa<strong>da</strong>miani iRebs.rCeva:• nu iqnebiT konfrontaciuli;• yovelTvis Tan iqonieT dokumenturi masala, romelsac<strong>da</strong>utovebT Sexvedris Semdeg.pres-relizebikargad <strong>da</strong>werili pres-relizebi nebismieri komunikaciis strategiisganuyofeli nawilia. es aris <strong>monitoringis</strong> Sedegebis mediaSi <strong>da</strong> misisaSualebiT farTo sazogadoebaSi gavrcelebis efeqturi saSualeba.mniSvnelovania, rom pres-relizi moicavdes informacias, romelicsWirdebaT Jurnalistebs. sasurvelia, pres-relizi ar aRematebodeserT gverds, magram, amavdroulad, amomwuravad asaxavdes problemas <strong>da</strong>ar Seicavdes teqnikur detalebs. pres-relizis mizania sakiTxisadmixalxis yuradRebis mipyroba – raTa xalxma gaigos problemis Sesaxeb<strong>da</strong> seriozulad moekidos mas.upiratesoba:• pres-relizi advili <strong>da</strong>saweria;• is advili gasavrcelebelia faqsiTa <strong>da</strong> eleqtronulifostiT;• pres-reliziT didi gamoxmaurebis gamowveva SeiZleba;• swrafia.61

nakli:• radganac pres-relizis wera advilia, SesaZloa maT Sorisbevri uvargisi iyos;• cudi pres-relizi arasamTavrobo organiaciis repuraciaslaxavs;rCeva:• iswavleT pres-relizis wera (formati <strong>da</strong> Sinaarsi);• mTavari saTqmeli <strong>da</strong>sawyisSive naTlad <strong>da</strong> mokledCamoayalibeT.pres-konferenciebipres-konferenciebi presasTan komunikaciis kargi saSualebaa.pres-konferencia kiTxvebis <strong>da</strong>smisa <strong>da</strong> pasuxebis miRebis kargisaSualebaa <strong>da</strong> maTi meSveobiT ufro meti yuradRebis mipyrobaaSesaZlebeli, vidre marto presreliziT. Tumca Jurnalistebis<strong>da</strong>swrebis uzrunvelyofa sakmaod Znelia.pres-konferenciebi un<strong>da</strong> moewyos TvalSisacemi sakiTxebis Sesaxeb,an im sazogadod aRiarebuli mniSvnelobis sakiTxebze, romlisSesaxebac arasamTavrobo organizacias gaaCnia utyuari monacemebi.axladSeqmnili arasamTavrobo organizaciebisaTvis JurnalistebisyuradRebis misapyrobad SesaZloa kargi strategia iyos ufrocnobil organizaciebTan partnioroba. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, Tqveniinformacia un<strong>da</strong> iyos sando <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>marwmunebeli – es aris umTavresiprincipi. sapirispiro SemTxvevaSi, Tqveni informacia SesaZloaerTxel an orjer gavrceldes presis meSveobiT, magram es meti arganmeordeba.upiratesoba:• pres-konferencia iZleva mediasTan uSualo urTierTobissaSualebas;• igi informaciis farTod gavrcelebis saSualebaa;• kiTxva-pasuxma SesaZloa gaaZlieros mediis interesi;• igi Jurnelistebs exmareba profesionalurad Sedgenilistatiebis <strong>da</strong> reportaJebis momzadebaSi.nakli:• Jurnalistebis Sekreba sakmaod Znelia;• cu<strong>da</strong>d miwodebulma informaciam SesaZloa arasamTavroboorganizaciis reputacia Selaxos.rCevebi:• yovelTvis iqonieT pres-relizebi gavrcelebisaTvis;• frTxilad SearCieT pres-konferenciis Catarebis TariRi <strong>da</strong>adgili, raTa uzrunvelyoT maqsimaluri <strong>da</strong>swreba;• nu gamoiyenebT am saSualebas zedmetad.plakatebiplakatebi SesaZloa efeqturi iyos mcire samizne jgufisaTvis,62

ogoricaa, romelime soflis, <strong>da</strong>bis, an patara qalaqis macxovreblebi.is un<strong>da</strong> iyos kargad Sedgenili, Tvalis momWreli <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>marwmunebeli.arasworia plakatze bevri informaciis ganTavseba. plakatzeukeTesia mokle, naTlad Camoyalibebuli <strong>da</strong> yuradRebis mimzidvelimimarTvebis ganTavseba.upiratesoba:• plakatebi kargi saSualebaa sazogadoebis yuradRebismisapyrobad;• SesaZloa plakatebis farTod gavrceleba;• misi saSualebiT SesaZlebelia arasamTavrobo organizaciisvizualuri cnobadobis gazr<strong>da</strong>.nakli:• plakatze ganTavsebuli informacia un<strong>da</strong> iyos martivi, amitominformacia mwiria;• plakatebi un<strong>da</strong> gavrceldes <strong>da</strong> gaekras;rCevebi:• SeecadeT, rom plakatebi Tvalis momWreli iyos;• <strong>da</strong>rwmundiT, rom efeqtur adgilze akravT.bukletebies mcire dokumentebi saukeTeso saSualebaa arasamTavroboorganizaciis saqmianobisa <strong>da</strong> misiis ganacxadis Sesaxeb informaciisfarTod gavrcelebisaTvis. Tumca, bukletebi aseve efeqturisaSualebaa raime konkretuli sakiTxis, an proeqtis Sesaxebinformaciis gasavrceleblad.veb-gverdiveb-gverdi SesaZloa broSurisa <strong>da</strong> angariSis saukeTesomaxasiaTeblebis nakrebs warmoadgendes. is SeiZleba vizualuradSTambeW<strong>da</strong>vi, detaluri <strong>da</strong> uamravi informaciis momcveli iyos.kargi dizainis veb-gverdebis mnaxvelebs SesaZlebloba aqvT miiRonrogorc zogadi, aseve detaluri informacia. amJamad, organizaciaTaumravlesobasac gaaCnia veb-gverdi, Tumca ara yvelas. veb-gverdi arcvlis komunikaciis sxva saSualbebs, Tumca igi friad sasargeblo<strong>da</strong> efeqturia.upiratesoba:• veb-gverdi Tqveni saerTaSoriso samizne jgufebisaTvisinformaciis miwodebis saukeTeso saSualebaa;• veb-gverdze SeiZleba ganaTavsoT rogorc StambeW<strong>da</strong>vi broSura,aseve detaluri angariSi;• veb-gverds SesaZloa ewvios uamravi pasiuri mnaxveli, romelicar iyo Tqvens samizne jgufSi;• veb-gverdi multimediuri prezentaciebis saSualebasiZleva;• veb-gverdis meSveobiT SesaZloa farTo samizne jgufisaTvis63

xmis miwvdena;• veb-gverdebi SesaZloa advilad ganaxldes, an Seswordes.nakli:• veb-gverdi mudmivad un<strong>da</strong> ganaxldes, raTa mnaxvelma yoveljerze raime siaxle naxos;• is moiTxovs kompiuterTan muSaobis specifiur codnas(Tumca arc Tu gansakuTrebiT rTuls) <strong>da</strong> SesaZloa saWiroebdes<strong>da</strong>matebiTi TanamSromlis ayvanas;• igi moiTxovs kompiuterTan xelmisawvdomobas;• mnaxvelebis mozidvisaTvis aucilebelia veb-gverdisreklamireba.rCeva:• veb-gverdis dizaini vizualurad mimzidveli un<strong>da</strong> iyos;• yovelTvis ganaaxleT veb-gverdi;• farTod gaavrceleT informacia Tqveni veb-gverdis Sesaxebsamizne audienciaSi.broSurebibroSurebi konkretul sakiTxze fokusirebuli Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT mokle<strong>da</strong> lakonuri dokumentia. Cveulebriv, igi gaTvlilia specifiurorganizaciebze, an a<strong>da</strong>mianebze, romelzec gsurT moaxdinoT gavlena.broSurebi SesaZloa moicavdes zomierad detalur informacias.isini SesaZloa gamosadegi iyos, Tuki awarmoebT xangrZlivvadian<strong>monitoringis</strong> programas, magram gsurT periodulad (mag.yovelwliurad) gamosceT angariSebi.upiratesoba:• mniSvnelovani sakiTxis Sesaxeb broSurebi mimzidvelia<strong>da</strong>kavebuli a<strong>da</strong>mianebisaTvis;• broSurebi SesaZloa swrafad gamoqveyndes;• broSurebis gamoqveyneba iafia.nakli:• broSuraSi warmodgenili informacia mwiria;rCeva:• SesaZlebelia misi swrafad SemuSaveba, magram <strong>da</strong>rwmundiT,rom is kargad aris <strong>da</strong>werili <strong>da</strong> kritikuli sakiTxebi naTla<strong>da</strong>ris gansazRvruli;• naTlad gamijneT faqtebi <strong>da</strong> Tqveni interpretaciebi;• roca es SesaZlebelia, gamoiyeneT grafikebi - isiniipyroben yuradRebas <strong>da</strong>, amavdroulad, lakonurad gadmoscemeninformacias..biuletenebi <strong>da</strong> seriuli gamocemebisakiTxis codna, sandoobasTan erTad, ganapirobebs sazogadoebiskeTilganwyobas. amitom, biuletenebi komunikaciis strategiisRirebuli nawilia. es publikaciebi, rogorc wesi, sakmaod vrcelia64

<strong>da</strong> regularuli imisaTvis, rom fokusirebuli iyos calkeul<strong>monitoringis</strong> programaze.upiratesoba:• regularuli publikaciebi, rogoricaa biuletenebi, aZlierebssazogadoebis ndobas <strong>da</strong> qmnis sakiTxiT <strong>da</strong>interesebul a<strong>da</strong>mianTawres;• biuletenis formati saSualebas iZleva gaavrceloT rogormokle, aseve detaluri informacia, fotoebis CaTvliT;• biuletenebi informaciis droulad gavrcelebis saSualebasiZleva.nakli:• calkeuli <strong>monitoringis</strong> programa ver agrovebs sakmarisinformacias didi biuletenisaTvis;• dokumentis xSirad momzadebis saWiroebam SesaZloa jgufimTavar samuSaos mowyvitos;• perioduli biuletenebis gamocema SesaZloa did <strong>da</strong>naxarjebTaniyos <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli;• Tuki ar aris sakmarisi informacia biuletenisaTvis, publikaciaSesaZloa formalur xasiaTs atarebdes.rCeva:• umjobesia biuleteni moicavdes informacias mTlianadorganizaciis saqmianobis an ramodenime proeqtis Sesaxeb;• msgavsi publikaciebi jobia naklebi sixSiriT gamosceT (mag.yovelwliurad).angariSebimokle anotaciebisagan gansxvavebiT, angariSi ufro vrceli <strong>da</strong>detaluri dokumentia <strong>da</strong> Cveulebriv efuZneba sakiTxis gamoZiebazemimarTul ramdenime proeqts.upiratesoba:• vrceli angariSebi detalebSi CaRrmavebis SesaZleblobasiZleva;• publikaciebi SeiZleba iyos Tvalis momWreli <strong>da</strong>STambeW<strong>da</strong>vi;• publikaciebi iZleva monacemebisa <strong>da</strong> gamoyenebuli meTodisdetaluri dokumentirebis saSualebas.nakli:• publikaciis sididem SesaZloa is naklebad kiTxvadigaxados;• angariSebis wera, <strong>da</strong>beWdva <strong>da</strong> gavrceleba sakmaod did dros<strong>da</strong> xarjebs moiTxovs;• swrafad cvalebad situaciaSi angariSi SesaZloa swrfad“moZveldes".rCeva:• ar iCqaroT angariSis momzadeba, <strong>da</strong>elodeT samuSaos65

<strong>da</strong>srulebas;• SeecadeT angariSi ar iyos Zalian grZeli <strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>tvirTuli;• gamoiyeneT grafikebi <strong>da</strong> fotoebi dokumentis“gamosacocxleblad";• yovelTvis waumZRvareT mokle anotacia.radio, videoradio:radio mediumia, romlis saSualebiTac Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT mcire <strong>da</strong>naxarjebiTSesaZlebelia bevri a<strong>da</strong>mianisaTvis xmis miwvdena. radios meSveobiTSesaZloa mimarTvis gavrceleba saWiro teritoriaze.video:video “pres-relizebi" SesaZloa Zalian efeqturi <strong>da</strong> adviladgasakeTebeli iyos. video pres-relizebi gansakuTrebiT efeqturadgamoiyeneba telemediis mier, radganac Tqven mudmivad informaciisZebniT <strong>da</strong>kavebul Jurnalists eTerisaTvis mza masalas awvdiT.ufro vrceli filmebi an video Canawerebi SesaZloa efeqturi iyosgarkveul situaciaSi, magram ufro met drosa <strong>da</strong> Tanxebs moiTxovs.upiratesoba:• vizualur an audio istoriebs SesaZloa didi gavlenahqondes;• maTi saSualebiT izrdeba organizaciis vizualuricnobadoba;• maTi saSualebiT farTo samizne jgufis mocvaaSesaZlebeli.nakli:• did <strong>da</strong>naxarjebs moiTxovs (gansakuTrebiT filmebi);• moiTxovs specialur aparaturas <strong>da</strong> gamocdilebas.rCeva:• iTanamSromleT ufro did organizaciebTan;• aqcenti ufro mcire (rogoricaa video pres-relizebi) formebzegaakeTeT;• filmis xilul an uxilav gamxmovaneblebad <strong>da</strong>iqiraveT cnobilia<strong>da</strong>mianebi.66

eaqciisa <strong>da</strong> gamoxmaurebisprognozireba <strong>da</strong> maTTvis mzaoba<strong>monitoringis</strong> Sedegebis warmodgenisaTvis mzadebisas un<strong>da</strong>SeecadoT winaswar gansazRvroT samizne jgufis potenciuri reaqcia<strong>da</strong> Tqveni mignebebis gamoyenebis SesaZleblobebi. ra Tqma un<strong>da</strong>,sando informaciis floba ga<strong>da</strong>mwyvetia. winaswari gaTvlebi TqvenSesaZleblobas mogcemT <strong>da</strong>gegmoT, Tu rogor SexvdeT negatiurreaqciebs <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>akmayofiloT informaciaze moTxovna.<strong>monitoringis</strong> programis Sedegebis gaxmovanebisas un<strong>da</strong>gaiTvaliswinoT Semdegi:• yovelTvis saqmis kursSi gyavdeT partniorebi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>interesebulimxareebi – winaswar gaafrTxileT isini Sedegebis gaxmovanebisSesaxeb <strong>da</strong> acnobeT mTavari ideis Sesaxeb;• iqonieT sakmarisi <strong>da</strong>beWdili masala gavrcelebisaTvis;• specialurad gamoyaviT TanamSromeli, romelic upasuxebskiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> satelefono zarebs;• mzad iyaviT gamoiyenoT gazrdili aRiareba. magaliTad, eskargi droa fondebisaTvis axali <strong>da</strong>finansebis moZiebisaTvismisamarTad, personaluri brifingebisaTvis moTxovnis warsadgenad,mediisaTvis intervius misacemad <strong>da</strong> a.S.Semowmebis procesipublikaciis samuSao variantis momzadebis Semdeg mniSvnelovania,rom is sabolood ga<strong>da</strong>mowmdes. Semowmeba aris procesi, romlisdrosac Tqven dokumentis samuSao variants SeniSvnebisa <strong>da</strong>komentarebisaTvis warudgenT sakiTxSi garkveul kolegebs.arsebobs ori mizezi, romlis gamo dokumentisaTvismniSvnelovania Semowmebis procesis gavla: (1) publikaciis xarisxiu<strong>da</strong>vod gaizrdeba sferos eqspertebis mosazrebebis maqsimaluradgaTvaliswinebiT; (2) eqpertebis mier dokumentis xarisxisa <strong>da</strong>sandoobis aRiareba gazrdis Tqveni samizne jgufis ndobasac.arsebobs Semowmebis ori done: Si<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> gare. Si<strong>da</strong> Semowmebaxorcieldeba organizaciis SigniT, Tqveni kolegebis mier. gareSemowmeba xorcieldeba ara Tqveni TanamSromlebis mier. Si<strong>da</strong>Semowmeba rogorc wesi, xorcieldeba oTxi an xuTi kolegis mier.saukeTeso SemTxvevaSi, Tqven un<strong>da</strong> miiRoT eqvsi<strong>da</strong>n aTamde garekomentari, Tumca im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki farTo audiencia gyavT,SesaZloa ufro meti iyos saWiro.Si<strong>da</strong> SemowmebisaTvis kolegebis SerCeva xdeba publikaciebismomzadebaSi gamocdilebisa <strong>da</strong> sakiTxis Sesaxeb codnis mixedviT.gare Semmowmeblebi ki un<strong>da</strong> iyvnen (1) monacemTa momwodeblebi, (2)mecnierebi/eqspertebi <strong>da</strong> (3) Tqveni publikaciis samizne jgufiswarmomadenlebi.67

odis un<strong>da</strong> SewyvitoT monitoringi?Tqven un<strong>da</strong> icodeT, rodis gaCerdeT. efeqturi <strong>monitoringis</strong><strong>da</strong>gegmareba <strong>da</strong> ganxorcieleba <strong>da</strong>mokidebulia imaze, Tu ris miRwevascdilobT. miznebi aucileblad specifiuri un<strong>da</strong> iyos. mag. Tuki mizaniaris xelisuflebis saqmianobis cvlilebis meSveobiT qveyanaSiaralegaluri Wris Semcireba, warmatebisTvis mniSvnelovania: 1)progresi iyos gazomvadi <strong>da</strong> 2) gansazRvroT rodis gaCerdeT anSeamciroT Zalisxmeva. usasrulo miznebi (mag. “Wris Semcireba")araefeqturia. gansazRvreT Wrebis Semcirebis miRwevis xarisxobrivi,raodenobrivi <strong>da</strong> droiTi maCveneblebi. magaliTad, <strong>monitoringis</strong>programa Seamcirebs aralegalur Wras 25 %-iT 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi,an 2010 wlisTvis gamoiwvevs <strong>tyis</strong> mcvelebis raodenobis 15 %-iT gazr<strong>da</strong>s. zogierTi procesi SeiZleba moiTxovdes gangZobad(SesaZloa <strong>da</strong>bali donis) monitorings mas Semdegac, rac mTavribrZola mogebulia. magram yvela <strong>monitoringis</strong> programas un<strong>da</strong>hqondes warmatebis indikatorebi.Semdegi nabijiCven warmogidgineT <strong>monitoringis</strong> procesis mimoxilva <strong>da</strong> CarCo,Tu rogor un<strong>da</strong> awarmooT monitoringi. saxelmZRvanelos mTavariazri aris, rom monitoringi xorcieldeba bunebrivi resursebismarTvis sakiTxTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT specifiur kiTxvebze pasuxisgasacemad; magram ar SeiZleba arsebobdes mza recepti, Tu rogorwarmarToT monitoringi. monitoringi un<strong>da</strong> iyos Sedegiani, martivi,mizanmimarTuli <strong>da</strong> efeqturi kritikul kiTxvaze pasuxis gasacemad.<strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtebs <strong>da</strong> programebs un<strong>da</strong> hqondes naTladCamoyalibebuli komunikaciis strategia. fuli wyalSi iyreba,rodesad <strong>monitoringis</strong> Sedegebi Sesaferisad ar xmovandeba. ufrometic, xeli<strong>da</strong>n gaSvebuli SesaZlebloba pir<strong>da</strong>pir aisaxeba zustadim bunebrivi resursis mdgomareobaze, romlis <strong>da</strong>cvasac cdilob<strong>da</strong>arasamTavrobo organizacia.am saxelmZRvaneloSi Cven SevecadeT gveCenebina, Tu ra mimarTulebiTun<strong>da</strong> ifiqroT rodesac iwyebT <strong>monitoringis</strong> proeqtis an programisganxorcielebas, Cven ver gikarnaxebT detalebs. Tumca, rogorc wesi,detalebi ganapirobeben warmatebas. amitom, <strong>monitoringis</strong> saukeTesomaswavleblebi yovelTvis arian is a<strong>da</strong>mianebi, romlebic uSulo<strong>da</strong>xorcieleben mas.68

gamoyenebuli literatura••••••Wris wesebi saqarTvelos tyeebSi. 2000, saqarTvelos satyeomeurneobis saxelmwifo departamenti, red. l. WoWua, Tbilisi,48 gv.saqarTvelos ZiriTadi garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi kanonebis krebuli. 2004,ozurgeTi, 400 gv.saqarTvelos biomravalferovnebis strategia <strong>da</strong> moqmedebaTagegma. 2005, Tbilisi, NACRES, 89 gv.saqarTvelos sakanonmdeblo <strong>da</strong> kanonqvemdebare normatiuliaqtebis sainformacio saZiebo sistema CODEX 2005. (2006 wlis15 ivlisis mdgomareobiT).G. Tyler Miller, Jr. 2000, Living in the Environment: principles, connections andsollutions, Brooks/Coe puplishing Company, Eleventh editionMonitoring for impact: lessons on natural resources monitoring from 13 ngos.2000, by Christian Ottke, Peter Kristensen, David Maddox, Eric Rodenburg;Editors: Robert Livernash, David Hosansky; World Resources Institute,Conservation International.• www. forestgeo.net• www.parliament.ge• www. eia-international.org••69

1 23 451, 2. <strong>ukanono</strong> Wrebi sh- tyekafis gareSe, gzis pirebze moWrilia mouniSnavixeebi3, 4. nia<strong>da</strong>gis erozia, romelic gamowveulia morebis moTreviT5. tyeSi nia<strong>da</strong>gi <strong>da</strong>zianebulia zedmeti eqspluataciis gamo70

6789106, 7. tyi<strong>da</strong>n gamotanili gauqerqavi wiwvovani xebis morebi8, 9. <strong>ukanono</strong> Wra, wiwvovani xis morebi <strong>da</strong>maragebulia tyeSi10. <strong>ukanono</strong>d moWrili xe, narCenebi tyeSia <strong>da</strong>tovebuli71

11 1213 141511., 12. <strong>ukanono</strong> Wra kolxeTis erovnul parkSi13, 14, 15. saxerxebze <strong>da</strong>fiqsirebuli <strong>da</strong>rRvevebi72

16 171816. <strong>ukanono</strong>d moWrili wiflis morebi17. <strong>ukanono</strong>d moWrili wabli (wiTeli nusxis saxeoba)18. saxerxi, sa<strong>da</strong>c mxolod wablis merqani muSavdeba73

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