#3 (39), marti, 2005

mixedviT, unda iyos sakmarisad gansazRvruli,naTeli da araorazrovani, raTamoqalaqem advilad Seicnos igi. Tanazomierebisprincipi saSualebasa da mizansSoris urTierTobis safuZvelia. ZiriTadiuflebis SezRudva raime saSualebiTdasaSvebia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, rocaigi gamosadegi da aucilebelia dasaxulimiznis misaRwevad. saSualeba gamosadegia,Tu misi daxmarebiT SesaZlebelia dasaxulimiznis miRweva. saSualeba aucilebelia,Tu ar arsebobs sxva gza, romelsac msgavsimoqmedebis Zala aqvs, magram gacilebiTufro naklebad zRudavs ZiriTad uflebas.Sesabamisad, aucilebelia yovelTvisyvelaze ufro rbili, moqnili, araradikalurisaSualebis gamoyeneba. amasTan,yvela SemTxvevaSi, gamoyenebuli saSualebamisaRwevi miznis proporciuli unda iyos.samarTlebrivi saxelmwifos principiserT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi Semadgenelinawilia udanaSaulobis prezumfcia,romelic ukve ganvixileT da romelicaRiarebulia konstituciis me-40 muxlispirveli da me-2 punqtebiT: `adamianiudanaSaulod iTvleba, vidre misi damnaSaveobaar damtkicdeba kanoniT dadgeniliwesiT da kanonier ZalaSi Sesuli sasamarTlosgamamtyunebeli ganaCeniT~; `aravin araris valdebuli, amtkicos Tavisi udanaSauloba.braldebis mtkicebis movaleobaekisreba bralmdebels~.udanaSaulobis prezumfciis principiTaseve akrZalulia braldebulisaTvissasjelis dakisreba bralis dadasturebisgareSe, anu yoveli sasjelis ucilobeliwinapirobaa bralis arseboba (nulla poenasine culpa), braldebis mtkicebis movaleobaki bralmdebels ekisreba. dauSvebeliapiris dasja, Tu mas brali ar miuZRvis.saqarTvelos konstitucia, Tavisi saerTokoncefciis Sesabamisad, garkveviT aRiarebsxelisuflebis danawilebis princips.yoveli demokratiuli da samarTlebrivisaxelmwifos arsebobis safuZvladmiCneuli es principi gacxadebuliakonstituciis me-5 muxlis me-4 punqtiT:`saxelmwifo xelisufleba xorcieldebaxelisuflebis danawilebis principzedayrdnobiT~. konstituciis debulebebiTgansazRvrulia sakanonmdeblo, aRmasrulebelda sasamarTlo xelisuflebaTaSeqmnisa da saqmianobis wesi da maTi uflebamosilebebi,rogorc damoukidebelisaxelmwifo xelisuflebebisa. konstituciis82-e muxlis me-3 punqti sasamarTloxelisuflebis Sesaxeb pirdapir miuTiTebs,rom `sasamarTlo xelisufleba damoukidebeliada mas axorcieleben mxolodsasamarTloebi~.Tu xelisuflebis danawilebis principisistoriul ganviTarebas gadavxedavT, misfesvebs isev aristotelesTan vnaxavT.aristotele ganasxvavebda e.w. rCevebis(sadac rCevebs aZleven, bWoben sxvadasxvasakiTbze) xelisuflebas (sakanonmdebloxelisufleba), magistrats (aRmasrulebelixelisufleba) da marTlmsajulebas. jonloki xelisuflebas anawilebda xalxze,parlamentze, monarqsa da adgilobrivTviTmmarTvelobaze (Two treatises of government,1690). Sarl lui monteskies saqveynodcnobil naSromSi _ `kanonTa goni~ (1748) _mocemuli debulebebis Sesabamisad,Tavisuflebamarti/2005/#3(39)40