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mxatvari cisana janaSvili<br />

12<br />

moambe<br />

oTar sefiaSvili<br />

kamara meTerTmete<br />

maxsendeba: 60-iani wlebis Suaxans,<br />

roca araCveulebrivad amaRlda firosmanis<br />

Semoqmedebisadmi interesi, ilia<br />

papisimedovi CemTan saubarSi igonebda<br />

Salom koboSvilis naTqvams: firosmanis<br />

naxatebisaTvis yvelaze bunebrivi iyo is<br />

adgili da garemo, sadac isini ibadebodnen,<br />

_ ambobda Turme berikaci, _ nikala<br />

xom metwilad Rvinis sardafebSi da<br />

duqnebSi xatavda. amitom TiTqos gaucxoebulad<br />

da rogorRac daRvremilad<br />

gamoiyurebiano misi suraTebi muzeumis<br />

kedlebze. zooparkSi damwyvdeul laRi<br />

bunebis Svilebs gvanan _ mSobliur<br />

stiqias mowyvetilnio. namdvili firosmani<br />

ki Rvinis sardafebis bindbundSi<br />

CaZiruli kedlebidan iyureboda, iq sul<br />

sxva iyoo igi _ naRdi, idumali, yvelasTvis<br />

axlobeli, gasagebi da Tan Cauwvdomeli.<br />

im kedlebTan erTad STainTqnen<br />

isini aryofnaSi da aRar gameordebian.<br />

me ki isev iseTni melandebian da menatrebian<br />

isini, daveZeb kidec. davdivar<br />

xolme rkinigzis vagzlis axlo-maxlo,<br />

Cerqezovsa da malaknebTan erTmaneTSi<br />

gamaval viwro quCebSi, gulisfancqaliT<br />

vixedebi Zvel, kuTxeCamoWril Tbilisuri<br />

saxlebis sardafebSi da duqnebSi.<br />

es xom nikalas moxatuli sardafebi da<br />

duqnebia, iqneb SemorCa-meTqi rame. erTi<br />

sardafis kedelze, _ malaknis rva nomer<br />

saxlSi, _ jer isev aCniao firosmanis<br />

daxatuli `farSavangi~, _ meubneboda Salomi,<br />

_ midi aucileblad, naxe, Tu ginda<br />

igrZno, ras niSnavs firosmani Tavis garemoSi;<br />

iCqare, Torem male, albaT, aRarc<br />

is saxli iqneba da aRarc es naxatio...<br />

Salom koboSvilis suraTebi ki,<br />

_ ambobda b-ni ilia, _ Cveni muzeumis<br />

kedlebSi iSva. maTi mSobliuri garemo<br />

imTaviTve saqarTvelos ebraelTa istoriul-eTnografiuli<br />

muzeumi iyo da<br />

yvelaze bunebrivad swored am keraSi<br />

Tavmoyril eqponatebTan erTad gamoiyurebodnen.<br />

yvelaze marTladac maTTan<br />

konteqstSi ikiTxebodneno.<br />

da ar vici axla, ra vuwodo amas<br />

_ iRbali Tu uiRbloba? arada, TiTqos<br />

swored es garemoeba iqca Salom koboSvilis<br />

mxatvruli memkvidreobis<br />

bediswerad, aman gansazRvra imTaviTve<br />

misadmi damokidebuleba. moxda ki is,<br />

rom Tavidan, roca koboSvilis suraTebi<br />

iwereboda, TiTqmis aravis mosvlia<br />

azrad da arc moundomebia maTi mxatvruli<br />

Rirebulebis gaazreba, esTetikuri<br />

TvalsazrisiT aRqma da dafaseba.<br />

ebraelTa muzeumic xom paralelurad<br />

iqmneboda. yoveli siaxlis dabadebas<br />

ki mudam axlavs tkivili. maxsendeba am<br />

keris daarsebis moTaveni rom igonebdnen:<br />

saqarTveloSi ebraelTa mWidrod<br />

dasaxlebis regionebSi eqspediciebis<br />

dros bevr siZneles vawydebodiT. gansakuTrebiT<br />

Wirda undoblobis daZleva,<br />

adamianebi ver eleodnen mamapapeul<br />

relikviebs, SemorCenil xnovan saojaxo<br />

nivTebs, metadre _ religiur wignebs,<br />

xelnawerebs, dokumentebs. TumcaRa,<br />

iyvnen Cveni wamowyebisadmi keTilad gan-<br />

gazeTi Seicavs Toris wminda sityvebs. gTxovT gaufrTxildeT!<br />

martosulobis<br />

"Tu ikargeba xsovna, ikargeba warsuli, ikargeba identuroba, ikargeba kultura, vikargebiT Cven!"<br />

wyobilnic, romlebic uSurvelad gvimarTavdnen<br />

xels. iseT mxare-kuTxeebSi<br />

ki, sadac huriaTa qarTvelTa Sesaxeb,<br />

rogorc JamTa siavis Sedegad, ise Tavad<br />

maT winaparTa auxsneli daudevrobis<br />

gamo, TiTqmis araviTari istoriuli mowmoba<br />

ar Semonaxula, risi mignebis imedi<br />

unda gvqonoda. samwuxarod, swored ase-<br />

Ti upovari da uarafro gamodgao axalcixis<br />

Temi, _ ambobdnen isini.<br />

mogvianebiT ki, 1945-Si, muzeumis<br />

`Sromebis~ mesame tomSi daibeWda mogzaur<br />

Cornis Canawerebi, romelic cxads<br />

xdida muzeumis TanamSromelTa uimedobis<br />

mizezs. `TavianTi winaprebis Sesaxeb<br />

axalcixel ebraelebs araferi axsovT,<br />

_ werda Corni 1869 wels, _ garda<br />

imisa, rom winaT ucxovriaT axalcixis<br />

Crdilo-dasavleT mxares, sadac axla<br />

qalaqis axali nawilia gaSenebuli da<br />

amJamad qarTvelebi da sxva erebi mosaxleoben.<br />

uwindel sacxovrebel adgilas<br />

salocavebic hqoniaT, axla ki im adgilas<br />

quCebia gayvanili da Senobebia agebuli.<br />

me bevri vecade _ gamerkvia mizezi,<br />

Tu ratom gadmosaxlebulan isini<br />

winandeli sacxovrebeli adgilidan...<br />

magram amis garkveva SeuZlebeli gaxda,<br />

radgan aqaurebs amis Sesaxeb ukve aRaraferi<br />

axsovT... aqauri moxucebi ganuiTarebelni<br />

arian, mexsiereba ar uvargaT...<br />

saerTod, ejavrebaT warsulis<br />

mogoneba... daudevari xalxia... TavianTi<br />

warsulis Sesaxeb arafers iweren; ase-<br />

Ti Cveuleba maTTvis sruliad ucxoa...<br />

visac SevekiTxe, Tu ratom ar swerdnen<br />

TavianT Tavgadasavals, Cemi SekiTxva yvelas<br />

ukvirda~.<br />

_ arada, muzeumSi ukve pirveli<br />

sajaro gamofenisTvis vemzadebodiT,<br />

_ yveboda ilia papisimedovi. _ yvela<br />

sagonebelSi viyaviT, Tu riT da rogor<br />

warmogvedgina eqspoziciaSi axalcixis<br />

uZvelesi da TviTmyofi Temi?<br />

raRas ar vixsenebdi da vepotinebodi,<br />

rom rogorme sadme wavwydomodi<br />

axalcixel ebraelTa cxovrebis saxier<br />

mowmobebs. im azrmac ki gamielva, iqneb<br />

rusTxelmwifis droindel kinodokumentalist<br />

simon esaZis mier gadaRebul<br />

ruseT-TurqeTis omis qronikebSi moinaxos-meTqi<br />

kadrebi axalcixesTan dakav-<br />

Sirebuli, magram imxanad samxedro arqivs<br />

vin gamakarebda?.. isic vicodi, samcxe-javaxeTis<br />

gzebiT xSirad rom uvlia<br />

sparseTisaken SesaniSnav fotomematianes<br />

_ Tbilisel rus dimitri ermakovs da<br />

raRac imedic mqonda, rom SesaZloa,<br />

CvenSi dacul mis mdidar koleqciaSi<br />

mainc aRmoCeniliyo axalcixis suraTebi,<br />

maT Soris ebraelTa kvartlisac, magram<br />

es imedic amao gamodga... da ai, erT, mar-<br />

Tla, mSvenier dRes, SemTxveviT, Tvali<br />

Sevavle Cveni muzeumis darajs, berikac<br />

Salom koboSvils, qvis kibeze Camomjdari,<br />

TavisTvis muyaoze rom xatavda. vicodi,<br />

gagonili mqonda misi mexsierebisa da<br />

axalcixur folklorSi Caxedulobis<br />

ambavi, axla ki xatvis niWic meniSna misi<br />

da Seqmnili viTarebidan TiTqos Tavis<br />

daRwevis raRac imedic gamiCnda gulSi.<br />

davxede naxats, masSi lamis Zveli xalxuri<br />

mxatvris _ mamuka TavaqariSvilis<br />

miniaturebidan amokalmuli moxdenili<br />

xazebi ufro davlande da iqve Sevuqe<br />

Saloms naxelavi, mindoda wamexalisebina,<br />

Tanac moridebulad SevTavaze _ iqneb<br />

Seni bavSvobis droindeli axalcixis<br />

yofis suraTebi gaixseno da Seneburad<br />

daxato-meTqi...<br />

asea, ara poeturma aRmafrenam, aramed<br />

Zalze praqtikulma, pragmatulma mizezma<br />

ganapiroba Salomis pirveli nabi-<br />

jebi mxatvrobaSi. ar aris SemTxveviTi,<br />

rom muzeumis TanamSromlebs, maT Soris<br />

ilia papisimedovsac, ufro sagulisxmod<br />

eCvenebodaT misi suraTebis istoriuleTnografiuli<br />

xasiaTi da mniSvneloba.<br />

piradad Salom koboSvilisadmi damokidebulebaSic<br />

aSkarad vlindeboda es<br />

gaugebari calmxrivoba. da axla, roca<br />

ecnobiT Tavis droze gamocemul am<br />

muzeumis `Sromebs~, umal TvalSi gxvdebaT,<br />

rom maTi avtorebi, TiTqos<br />

pirSekruli ariano, jiutad ar scnoben<br />

Saloms, rogorc mxatvars, krints ar sZraven<br />

mis mxatvrul naxelqmnarze, xolo<br />

Tu zogjer mainc daimowmeben xolme<br />

berikacs, isic oden viTarca samcxejavaxeTis<br />

ebraelTa Zveli yofisa da<br />

adaT-Cveulebebis xsovnis Semnaxvels an<br />

zepirsityvierebis sando gadmomcems.<br />

TumcaRa: - ar arsebobso winaswarmetyveli<br />

Tavis mamulSi! es ZvelTuZvelesi<br />

Tqmac xom CvenianTa warmomavlobisaa.<br />

es Segoneba iyo, imTaviTve rom guli<br />

auyara xalxs Tavis wiaRSi Rirseul<br />

SvilTa danaxvaze, xolo Tu mavani vinme<br />

TvalsaCino mainc gamovidoda _ mis aRiarebaze.<br />

is, rom Tavdapirvelad aravis<br />

seriozul mxatvrobad ar aRuqvia Salomis<br />

naxelqmnari, esec im Zveli Tqmis<br />

gamoZaxili da dasturia.<br />

kamara meTormete<br />

da isev ver virideb Sedarebis<br />

cTunebas:<br />

firosmanis geniis aRiareba da misi<br />

memkvidreobis Zieba-Segroveba 1912-Si<br />

axalcixis bazari. mxatvari Salom koboSvili<br />

idebs saTaves, roca peterburgidan ardadegebze<br />

Camosulma studentebma, Zmebma<br />

ilia da kiril zdaneviCebma, TavianT megobar<br />

mxatvar miSel le dantiusTan er-<br />

Tad, Tbilisis rkinigzis vagzlis axlo,<br />

Rvinis sardafSi, `kardanaxi~ rom erqva,<br />

SemTxveviT aRmoaCines nikalas naxatebi.<br />

maSin SesZaxa Turme firosmanis suraTebiT<br />

aRfrTovanebulma peterburgelma<br />

frangma le dantium: `es xom dRevandeli<br />

jotoa!~, riTac, uneburad, imTaviTve daukavSira<br />

firosmanis saxeli italiuri<br />

aRorZinebis xanis winamorbeds.<br />

magram Tu dascdenia odesme vinmes<br />

Salom koboSvilis gamo _ `qarTvel<br />

ebraelobaSi jotos aCrdilis gamoCenas<br />

hgavso~, riTac imJamindel huriaTa qarTvelTa<br />

uRimRamo yofaSi raRac niSansvetur<br />

moments Tu ara, yovel SemTx-<br />

vevaSi, mxatvrobaSi pirveli xnulis<br />

gamvlebis gamoCenas mainc mianiSnebda? _<br />

ara, aseTi qaTinauri beddamwvari Salom<br />

koboSvilisaTvis aravis gaumetebia. ai,<br />

is ki iTqva: `CvenSi ukve aris erTi didi<br />

primitivisti _ niko firosmani, xolo<br />

patara saqarTvelosTvis, TiTqmis Tanabari<br />

donisa da niWierebis ori primitivisti<br />

rogorRac SeuZlebelia~.<br />

am sityvebs lado gudiaSvils miaweren<br />

_ zogi sinanuliT, zogic, samwuxarod,<br />

niSnismogebiT, rameTu maTSi iseT<br />

qveteqsts gulisxmoben, Crdils rom<br />

miafenda da SebRalavda pirnaTeli xelovanis<br />

adamianurobas. arada, es sityvebi<br />

TiTqos marTla iseTive sabediswero<br />

gamodga Salom koboSvilis mxatvruli<br />

memkvidreobisaTvis, maT iseve gansaz-<br />

Rvres misi xvedri samomavlod, rogorc<br />

bibliuri balTasaris mware yismaTi<br />

mis Tvalsawierze weramwerelis xeliT<br />

gamoyvanilma idumalma warweram.<br />

`...patara saqarTvelosTvis... ori<br />

primitivisti rogorRac SeuZlebeliao~...<br />

_ nuTu esec, _ poeti daviT<br />

batoniSvili rom ityoda, _ `mizezisa<br />

gamo sxvisa da sxvisa...~ (?!)<br />

TumcaRa, iqve xom isic aRniSna:<br />

`TiTqmis Tanabari donisa da niWierebis<br />

ori primitivistio~, riTac pirvelma<br />

migvaniSna da STagvagona firosmanisa<br />

da koboSvilis SemoqmedebaSi sulieri<br />

naTesaobis danaxvis SesaZlebloba da<br />

gvibiZga am fenomenis gaazrebisaken.<br />

ai, ratom mgonia, rom maSin aSkarad<br />

TvalTmaqcobda mziuri `serafitas gaseirnebis~<br />

Semoqmedi, TiTqos imTaviTve<br />

irgebdao im saocar da auxsnel niRabqaragmas,<br />

Tavis `freskis RimilSi~ rom<br />

gaacxada mogvianebiT.<br />

ratom?<br />

Salom koboSvilis ubedoba iyo, rom<br />

misi xanmokle Semoqmedeba Tanxvda sab-<br />

WoeTSi ocdaCvidmeti wlis stiqionebs<br />

_ diqtaturis yvelaze sastik `mecxre<br />

zvirTis~ periods, an _ oruelis Tqmas<br />

Tu moviSveliebT, _ es iyo dro, romelsac<br />

tiranis `Ceqma hqonda dabijebuli<br />

saxeze~. davazustoT: gamtknarebul saxeze!<br />

tragikuli istoriis yoveli wuTi<br />

lamis wyvdiadSi CaZirul weliwads<br />

utoldeboda. aras niSnavda stalinuri<br />

`savitrino konstitucia~. imsxvreoda<br />

tradiciuli faseulobani, devalvire

naTel-Crdili<br />

buli iyo da arafrad Rirda avtoriteti<br />

_ arc asakis da gamocdilebis, arc<br />

talantisa da codnis, saxifaTo Seiqna<br />

warmomavloba da gvariSviloba... 1934-is<br />

agvisto-seqtemberSi gamarTul sabWoTa<br />

mwerlebis pirvel yrilobazeve aSkara<br />

gaxda, rom literaturasa da xelovnebaSi<br />

bolo moeRo azris Tavisuflebas,<br />

SemoqmedebiT Ziebebsa da eqsperimentebs.<br />

amieridan partiuli loialobiT<br />

icdeboda sityvisa da funjis ostati.<br />

mkvidrdeboda erTaderTi mimdinareoba _<br />

socrealizmi. yvela sxva mimarTuleba<br />

Tu `izmi~ mZvinvare `wiTeli teroris~<br />

msxverpli xdeboda... lado gudiaSvilsac,<br />

iseve rogorc sazRvargareT<br />

wrTvnagamovlil yovel xelovansa Tu<br />

codnaSeZenil mecniers, eWvis TvaliT _<br />

almacerad da undoblad uyurebda oficiozi.<br />

raRa Tqma unda, sulierad daZabuli<br />

ganicdida ostati am saxifaTo aTvalwunebas,<br />

frTxili iyo, rameTu icoda<br />

_ SeiZleboda erTi mavani Cinovnikis<br />

umecari sityva sabediswero aRmoCeniliyo<br />

nebismieri xelovanis ara martoden<br />

SemoqmedebisaTvis, aramed sicocxlisaTvisac;<br />

rom `naivisti~ xalxuri mxatvris<br />

_ Salom koboSvilis warmodgena<br />

e.w. `revoluciamdeli primitivistis~ _<br />

firosmanis mimdevrad, maTi mxatvruli<br />

Taviseburebebis, Tundac pirobiTad, erT<br />

sibrtyeze dayeneba, uTuod aRiqmeboda<br />

socrealizmisaTvis ucxo, raRac sxva<br />

mimdinareobis aRiarebad. es ki, aSkarad,<br />

yofna-aryofnis garduval safrTxes<br />

Seuqmnida orive mxatvris memkvidreobas.<br />

amitomac _ oRond gadaerCina, oRond<br />

aeridebina maTTvis tiraniis boroti<br />

bazari Zvel ierusalimSi. mxatvari mordexai janaSvili<br />

Tvali, _ gaTiSa isini: firosmani warsuls<br />

Seafara da iq datova saimedod,<br />

xolo koboSvilis mniSvneloba viTomda<br />

oden eTnografiuli suraTebis fermwerobiT<br />

Semofargla, ris Sedegadac,<br />

uneburad, huriaTa qarTvelTa pirveli<br />

mxatvris memkvidreoba jer istoriuleTnografiuli<br />

muzeumis viwro sivrceSi<br />

moeqca, Semdeg ki, ager naxevari saukunea,<br />

e.w. samuzeumo mxatvrul fondTa sacav-<br />

Sia Caketili.<br />

bedisweraa swored, saxeze gudiaSvilis<br />

qaragmuli `freskis Rimili~ rom<br />

dahfenia. aba sxvagvarad rogor warmovidginoT<br />

`wamebis gzaze~ maTi gadarCena.<br />

kamara mecamete<br />

dasabamidan iyoo sityva... TumcaRa,<br />

albaT, martoden sityva ara. sityviT<br />

iqmna naTeli, romelmac naTelhyo feric.<br />

amitomaa, rom xelovanTa suli im-<br />

TaviTve erTnairad wamebulia sityviT<br />

da feriT, rameTu erTic da meorec uxsovar<br />

Jamidanve dagznebuli cecxlia da<br />

sawuTroc, es sityviTa da feriT naZerwi<br />

sakvirveleba, am cecxlSia gamotarebuli<br />

da nawrTobi. oRondac, is kia, rom<br />

igi maradiuli mSvenierebis ziari maSin<br />

xdeba, Tu WeSmariti mxatvris xilvebi-<br />

Taa sadReoze gamoxmobili.<br />

Salom koboSvilis unikaluri mexsierebis<br />

gamo, Tavis droze, legendebi<br />

daiareboda Turme. araerTgzis msmenia<br />

mis TanamedroveTagan: Saloms sakuTar<br />

sulwiaRSi hqonda davanebuli sruliad<br />

samcxe-javaxeTis, metadre _ axalcixel<br />

ebraelTa saukuneebSi moxveWili ganZi<br />

_ uZvelesi qarTuli ZarRviani sityvebi,<br />

kilokavebi, kolorituli saxiani Tqmani.<br />

da isini, rogorc Zvel zandukSi SemorCenili<br />

dedis namziTvari nivTebi, iseTive<br />

siyvaruliT da Cumi siamayiT amohqonda<br />

mexsierebidan da afenda samzeozeo.<br />

vixseneb: rodesac mweralma akaki<br />

gelovanma, _ Tavad saxviTi xelovnebisa<br />

da xelovanTa trfialma, _ werili miuZRvna<br />

megobari mxatvris, miSa (mordex)<br />

janaSvilis xsovnas, SeumCneveli ar<br />

darCenia qarTvel ebraelTagan pirveli<br />

profesionali fermweris pieTeti da<br />

mowiwebiT pativiscema misi winamorbedi<br />

Tanatomeli xalxuri mxatvrisadmi, romlis<br />

memkvidreobasac igi `qviSaSi napovn<br />

oqros marcvlebs~ uZaxda Turme.<br />

_ miSam kargad icoda, ra amagic dasdo<br />

lado gudiaSvilma firosmanis saqvey-<br />

nod aRiarebas, _ sagangebod aRniSnavda<br />

mwerali, _ da amitomac Txova erTxel<br />

maestros: _ egeb dageweraT rame Salom<br />

koboSvilze saxelovnebo JurnalisTviso.<br />

maSin lados upasuxia: `me namdvilad<br />

didad vafaseb Salom koboSvilis<br />

Semoqmedebas, magram statia Tqven unda<br />

daweroT, radgan Salomis memkvidreoba<br />

mTlianad erovnuli xasiaTisaa da Tqven<br />

ufro SegiZliaT misi sulis gaxsna<br />

(xazi Cemia. o.s.). Salomis Semoqmedebas<br />

ar sWirdeba avtoritetis moSvelieba,<br />

is TviTonaa avtoriteti~.<br />

(etyoba miSas gulTan axlo miutania<br />

ufrosi kolegis rCeva da mogvianebiT<br />

vrceli statiac dauweria Salom<br />

koboSvilze, romelic israelSi, qarTulenovan<br />

gazeT `samSoblos~ sam nomerSi<br />

gamouqveynebia 1985 wels. statiaSi miSa<br />

acxadebs: koboSvilis mogonebebis safuZvelze<br />

ukve Seqmnili maqvs ferweruli<br />

suraTi _ `firosmanisa da Salomis<br />

Sexvedra tfilisis Rvinis sardafSi~,<br />

xolo akaki gelovanis TqmiT, miSa janaSvils,<br />

imavdroulad, `ebraelTa firosmanis~<br />

25-mde naxatis aslebic Seusrulebia<br />

zeTis ferebSi... aSkaraa, rom<br />

profesional mxatvars afiqrebda da<br />

adardebda xalxuri Semoqmedis naxelqmnaris<br />

_ akvarelisa da guaSis saRebavebiT<br />

qaRaldze daxatuli suraTebis momavali<br />

bedi, maTi `susti fizikuri gam-<br />

Zleobis~ gamo... _ sad aris axla miSa<br />

janaSvilis is namuSevrebi? xom Sesa-<br />

Zloa, maT Soris aRmoCeniliyo aslebi<br />

koboSvilis im suraTebisa, amJamad rom<br />

aRarsad Cans?!).<br />

uTuod, Zneli warmosadgenia Salom<br />

koboSvilis mxatvruli memkvidreoba<br />

erovnuli sawyisebisagan, ZirZveli<br />

ebrauli tradiciebisagan mowyvetilad,<br />

rameTu ebraelTaTvis erovnulisa da<br />

religiuris gageba identuria da ganucalkevebeli.<br />

amdenad, ar egebis ebrauli<br />

yofa Toris mcnebebis gareSe, romelSic<br />

winaparTa sulia gamJRavnebuli. Salomis<br />

SemoqmedebaSi ki, `huriaTa qarTvel-<br />

Ta~ yofa-cxovrebisa da sarwmunoebrivi<br />

wes-adaTebis marTlad asaxvasTan erTad,<br />

gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania folklorul<br />

motivebTan, xalxuri xelovnebis<br />

esTetikasTan bunebrivi siaxlove,<br />

SeiZleba iTqvas, RviZli naTesaoba.<br />

albaT, imitomac vdumdi didxans,<br />

rom lamis SeuZleblad meCveneboda Salom<br />

koboSvilis naxatebis sulieri<br />

Zirebis rkveva, maTSi wvdoma, an maT gamo<br />

sxvaTa mier ukve TqmulTan SedarebiT<br />

raime gansxvavebulis Tqma, maTi qarTvel<br />

ebraelTa zepirsityvierebis nimuSebTan,<br />

ufro ki _ axalcixelTa folklor-<br />

Tan kavSirSi ganxilvis gareSe. magram<br />

sad iyo is nimuSebi, rom xeli mimwvdomoda?<br />

vicodi, Tavis droze muzeumis<br />

TanamSromlebi savele eqspediciebze, maT<br />

Soris samcxe-javaxeTSic rom iwerdnen<br />

moxuc ebrael xalxur mTqmelTagan Zvel<br />

simRerebs, leqsebs, Tqmulebebs, Sairebsa<br />

Tu Selocvebs. magram, rogorc Cans, ma-<br />

Sin maTi publikacia muzeumis erTad<br />

erT beWdviT gamocemaSi _ `SromebSi~<br />

ver moxerxda, xolo omis damTavrebis<br />

Semdeg oden erTi (mesame) tomiRa gamovida<br />

`Sromebisa~ _ 1945-Si. mere ki,<br />

mZvinvare saxelmwifo antisemitizmis<br />

viTarebaSi vis SeeZlo, an vin gabedavda<br />

sityvis daZvras ebraelTa istoriasa<br />

Tu kulturaze, Tundac _ xalxur Semoqmedebaze.<br />

samwuxarod, ganukiTxaoba da<br />

daviwyebis mtveri aRmoCnda im, vin icis,<br />

ra rudunebiT Segrovil folkloruli<br />

ganZis xvedri. da dRemde gaurkvevelia,<br />

1951-Si, muzeumis likvidirebis dros,<br />

romel arqivsa Tu fondSi moxvda an<br />

STainTqa qarTvel ebraelTa TviTmyofi<br />

kulturis, maTi mxatvruli warmosaxvis<br />

mowme da dasturi zepirsityvierebis<br />

Canawerebi...<br />

TumcaRa, moxda ki ise, Tavis soflis<br />

samduravSi rom uTqvams rusTvels:<br />

`magram RmerTi ar gaswiravs~ Sengan<br />

ganawirsao. gaumxelel imedsa da molodinSi<br />

gamoxda mravali weli, icvleboda<br />

Jamni da vin ifiqrebda, rom aq, amerikaSi<br />

gazeT `daviTis faris~ redaqtori simon<br />

krixeli gamacnobda Tavisi mamis, didi<br />

xnis win gardacvlil filolog aron<br />

krixelis arqivSi axlaxans mignebul xelnawer<br />

naSroms _ `qarTvel ebraelTa<br />

xalxuri Semoqmedeba~, romelSic axalcixelTa<br />

folkloris sagulisxmo nimuSebic<br />

aRmoCnda. da miuxedavad imisa,<br />

rom naSroms aSkarad aklia profesionali<br />

folkloristis xeli, CemTvis es<br />

qifuris dRe<br />

mxatvari mordexai janaSvili<br />

13<br />

semk<br />

mainc iyo... ar vici _ ra? _ albaT,<br />

saswauli!.. 2006 wlis zafxuli idga.<br />

is-is iyo TbilisSi, qarvaslis sagamofeno<br />

darbazSi moewyo Salom koboSvilis<br />

dabadebis 130 wlisTavis aRsaniSnavi<br />

misi naxatebis saiubileo vernisaJi da<br />

gamoica feradovani albomi-katalogi<br />

_ gamofenis moTavis, xelovnebaTmcodne<br />

lela wiwuaSvilis winasityvaobiT. am<br />

RirsSesaniSnav movlenas win uswrebda<br />

israelSi rusulenovan gazeTSi (`novosti<br />

nedeli~. 21.07.05) dabeWdili<br />

cnobili radioJurnalistis, mixeil<br />

fiCxaZis werili koboSvilis gamo, sa-<br />

TauriT _ `is firosmani ar aris, igi<br />

sxvaa~. am publikaciasTan dakavSirebiT<br />

umal Tavi gamoido TbilisSi qarTulenovanma<br />

gazeTma `menoram~ (31.05.06) da<br />

misma redaqtorma, dramaturgma guram ba-<br />

TiaSvilma Ria weriliT mimarTa saqarTvelos<br />

erovnuli muzeumis generalur<br />

direqtors, profesor daviT lorTqifaniZes.<br />

gazeTi, faqtobrivad, ebrauli<br />

kulturis qomagis poziciidan Txovda<br />

adresats, mkiTxvelebisaTvis gaecno, Tu<br />

ra mdgomareobaSia amJamad misi uwyebis<br />

fondSi daculi koboSvilis naxatebi.<br />

Temam ganapiroba da, werilis<br />

avtori saTiTaod asaxelebda saqarTvelos<br />

ebraelTa muzeumis yvela yofil<br />

direqtors _ omamdels Tu Semdgomdroindels,<br />

magram ratomRac sul ar<br />

gaxsenebia swored is pirovneba, romlis<br />

direqtorad muSaobis Jamsac gauqmda<br />

despoturi reJimis mier likvidirebuli<br />

qarTvel ebraelTa es ukanaskneli<br />

kulturuli kera; ar uxsenebia ilia<br />

papisimedovi, romelmac pirvelma SeniSna<br />

da amagi dasdo Tanatomeli xalxuri<br />

mxatvris niWis gamovlenas, misi naxelqmnaris<br />

dafasebas da mofrTxilebas. sxvaTa<br />

Soris, manve dawera da 1940 wels,<br />

mxatvris sicocxleSive, gamoaqveyna<br />

muzeumis `SromebSi~ pirveli da dRemde<br />

erTaderTi narkvevi Salom koboSvilis<br />

cxovrebasa da Semoqmedebaze. Tundac<br />

es naSromi xom mainc unda scodnoda<br />

namdvil gulSematkivars?! da marTalia,<br />

maSin araerTgzis gamxsenebia sulmnaT<br />

akademikos ivane javaxiSvilis ander-<br />

ZiviT Tqmuli: `mterze uaresia uvicoba<br />

da ufro metad _ vaimcodneobao~, magram<br />

_ gamogitydebiT _ Cemze araviTari<br />

zegavlena ar mouxdenia arc `menoras~<br />

TvalSisacem `gulmaviwyobas~ da arc<br />

im xarvezebs, romelTagan dazRveuli,<br />

samwuxarod, sxva publikaciebic ar aRmoCnda.<br />

CemTvis namdvili sixaruli da<br />

STagoneba iyo axalcixel ebraelTa<br />

folkloris is axalmignebuli _ arc-<br />

Tu uxvi, magram uTuod sagulisxmo _<br />

nimuSebi, romelTa wyalobiTac ukve Sei-<br />

Zleboda Salom koboSvilis Semoqmedebis<br />

ramdenadme gansxvavebul aspeqtSi<br />

danaxva da gaazreba.<br />

oTar sefiaSvili<br />

xelovnebis damsaxurebuli moRvawe<br />

niu iorki

14<br />

moambe<br />

saqarTvelos ebraelTa<br />

istoriis muzeumi<br />

muzeumis aRorZinebis sabWo uxmobs qtitor-SemwirvelT:<br />

gadavarCinoT erovnul-saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis<br />

muzeumis avariuli Senoba dangrevisagan<br />

ebra elTa isto ri ul-eTnogra fi uli<br />

mu ze u mi Ca moya libda sa qarTve los<br />

Ra rebko mis gamge o bis 1932.30.11 dadgenile<br />

biT ro gorc sa uwye bo orga nizacia<br />

_ mSro mel ebra elTa kultba zis<br />

farglebSi; ofi ci a lurad da arsda<br />

1933.23.11 _ sa qarTve los ga naTle bis<br />

sa xalxo ko misa ri a tis brZa nebiT.<br />

Tavda pirve lad mu ze u mi ganTavsda<br />

ebra elTa kultba zis Se noba Si<br />

(amJa mad, g. abe saZis q.10), xo lo 1940<br />

wli dan e.w. `gumba Tovan si nago gaSi~<br />

(amJa mad, anton ka Tali kosis q.3);<br />

XX s. 10-ia ni wle bis Su a xanebSi<br />

aSe nebu li mu ze u mis Se noba _ agu risaa,<br />

ga redan mra valkuTxa, SigniT wri uli<br />

(3 afsi diT), romlis pe rimetrze,<br />

8 wyvil svetze da fuZne bulia rki nabe<br />

toni save ori, di di da mci re gumba-<br />

Ti; ga dake Teba Ta Se degad na gebo ba 3<br />

sarTu li a nia, da axlo e biT 20 metri<br />

sigrZe-si gani sa da 21 metri si maRlis.<br />

ssrk-Si mimdi nare anti semi turi<br />

moZra o bis talRa ze mu ze u mi da i xura<br />

1951 wels.<br />

sa qarTve los mecni e reba Ta akademi<br />

is qarTul-ebra ul urTi erTo baTa<br />

aso ci a ci is wardge nis sa fuZvelze<br />

aRdga sa qarTve los mTavro bis 1992.30.11<br />

#1017 dadge nile biT da mi e niWa cnobili<br />

ra bini sa da sa zoga do moRvawis<br />

da viT ba a zovis sa xeli. mu ze u mi<br />

Se vida sa qarTve los kultu ris saministros<br />

daqvemde bare baSi; sa qarTvelos<br />

mecni e reba Ta aka demi as da e vala<br />

sa mecni e ro xelmZRva nelo ba; 2000-2004<br />

wlebSi mu ze u mi sa qarTve los kulturis<br />

sa ministro sa da q. Tbi lisis meri<br />

is daqvemde bare baSia.<br />

umwva ves ava ri ul mdgo mare o baSi<br />

arse buli isto ri u li na gebo bisa da<br />

erovnul-sa erTa Sori so mniSvne lobis<br />

sa muze u mo da wese bule bis ga darCenisaTvis,<br />

mu ze u misa da qarTul-ebraul<br />

urTi erTo baTa aso ci a ci is mimarTvis<br />

sa fuZvelze, sa qarTve los<br />

pre zidentis 2004 wlis 25 ivli sis<br />

#654 gankargu lebiT _ `da viT ba a zovis<br />

sa xelo bis sa qarTve los ebra elTa<br />

isto ri ul-eTnogra fi u li mu ze u mis<br />

aRdge na-re konstruqci is Ro nisZi e baTa<br />

Se saxeb~, da i saxa mu ze u mis, ro gorc<br />

ebra elTa sa qarTve loSi cxovre bis<br />

mra valsa u kuno vani isto ri is ganZTsacavi<br />

sa da qarTul-ebra ul urTi erTobaTa<br />

Semswavle li uni kalu ri sa mecnie<br />

ro centris funqci o nire bisa da rekonstruqci<br />

is Ro nisZi e bebi.<br />

sa qarTve los pre zidentis 2006<br />

wlis 17 agvistos #493 brZa nebu lebiT<br />

ga nisazRvra mu ze u mis axa li samarTlebri<br />

vi sta tusi da sa xelwo deba<br />

_ da viT ba a zovis sa qarTve los ebraelTa<br />

isto ri is mu ze u mi~. sa qarTvelos<br />

kultu ris, ZeglTa dacvi sa da<br />

sportis sa ministros da e vala masze<br />

sa xelmwi fo ebri vi ze damxedve loba.<br />

mu ze u mi mflo belia mra vali<br />

eqspo nati sa da ra rite tisa _ epigrafiku<br />

li, xelna weri, arqe o logi u ri,<br />

eTnogra fi u li, isto ri u li, mxa t vruli,<br />

arqi vebi sa da a.S., romle bic 1951<br />

wels, mu ze u mis ga uqme bis Semdeg, gan-<br />

Tavsda sxva dasxva mu ze umSi, institutsa<br />

da sa cavSi.<br />

sa qarTve los pre zidentis 2004<br />

wlis #654 gankargu lebiT gansazRvrulia<br />

Se nobis re konstruqci is damTavrebisTa<br />

nave mu ze u mis kuTvni li ma salebis<br />

dabru neba.<br />

ga moce mulia ebra isti ka _ qarTvelolo<br />

gi i saTvis mniSvne lova ni samecni<br />

e ro `Sro mebis~ eqvsi to mi (I-1940,<br />

II-1941, III-1945, IV-2006, V-2008, VI-2010);<br />

Ca tare bulia eqspe dici e bi sa qarTvelos<br />

sxva dasxva mxa reSi; ga mofe nebi;<br />

sa erTa Sori so konfe renci e bi, miZRvnili<br />

sa qarTve los ebra elTa, sa qarTvelo-pa<br />

lesti nisa da qarTul-ebra ul<br />

urTi erTo baTa isto ri is sa kiTxebisadmi.<br />

mu ze u mis sa eqspo zicio koncefcia<br />

da Te matu ri gegma (isi ni safuZvlad<br />

da e do sa qarTve loSi ebraelTa<br />

damkvidre bis 2600­wlo vani<br />

isto ri i sadmi miZRvnil sa i u bileo<br />

ga mofe nas 1998 wels sa qarTve los<br />

erovnul ga lere a Si)<br />

de vizi: Tu da giviwyo ie ruSa laim...<br />

Tu da giviwyo sa qarTve lo...<br />

kavka sia da sa kuTriv sa qarTvelo,<br />

ge o poli tiku ri, stra tegi u li,<br />

eko nomi kuri, eko logi u ri, konfe siu<br />

ri Tvalsazri siT, isto ri u ladac<br />

da gansa kuTre biT dRes, Ta visi mravale<br />

rovnu lobi Ta da mra valkonfe siur-re<br />

ligi u robiT me tad feTqe bad da<br />

`aqti u ri ve lis~ re gi ons warmo adgens.<br />

Se saba misad, erTa Sori si urTi erTobani<br />

erT-erTi upirve lesi problemaa<br />

da mi si harmo ni u lad Ca moya libeba,<br />

ro gorc qveynis, ise re gi o nisa da<br />

msofli o saTvi sac umniSvne lova nes<br />

amo cana Ta rigSi rCe ba.<br />

am mxriv, qarTul-ebra ul urTierTo<br />

bebs, ga da u Warbeblad Se iZle ba<br />

iTqvas, ba dali iSvi a Tad, Tu sru li adac<br />

ar mo e Zebne ba msofli os isto ri a-<br />

Si. sa qarTve los isto ri am Se mogvi naxa<br />

ori uZve lesi eris mra valsa u kuno vani<br />

mSvi dobi a ni urTi erTo bis ma gali Ti<br />

da mi si Cve neba qarTvel ebra elTa<br />

da mTli a nad, sa qarTve los ebra elTa<br />

isto ri is fonze, ga mofe nis erT-erTi<br />

umTavre si amo canaa.<br />

bibli u ri, arqe o logi u ri, istori<br />

u li da enaTmecni e ruli mo nace mebis<br />

sa fuZvelze ga mofe naze Suqde ba:<br />

* sa qarTve lo (kavka sia)-pa lestinis<br />

isto ri ul-kultu ruli urTierTo<br />

bani (qvis, brinja os, anti kuri<br />

da Su a sa u kune e bis pe ri o debis), rac<br />

sa erTo isto ri ul-kultu ruli are alis<br />

arse bobiT aixsne ba;<br />

* sa qarTve loSi ebra elTa mosv-<br />

gazeTi Seicavs Toris wminda sityvebs. gTxovT gaufrTxildeT!<br />

lis, gansaxle bisa da damkvidre bis<br />

sxva dasxva pe ri o di: Zv.w. VIII s. _<br />

salmi nasa ris, Zv.w. VI s. (586 w. Semdeg)<br />

na buqo dono sor II-is, Zv. w. II-I ss. _<br />

a.w. I s., VI-VII ss., XIX-XXss.;<br />

*qarTve li ebra e lis fe nomeni<br />

(anTro polo gi u ri, eTni kuri, soci<br />

a luri, iu ridi u li, konfe si u ri,<br />

kultu ruli, eTnogra fi u li...);<br />

* qarTvel ebra elTa Rvawli saqarTve<br />

los sa xelmwi fo ebriv, ekonomi<br />

kur, kultu rul, sa mecni e ro sfero<br />

ebSi;<br />

* qarTveli ebra elebi sa qarTveloSi<br />

qristi a nobis gavrce lebis<br />

dros;<br />

* qarTu li su li e ri da ma teri a-<br />

2008 wlis 18 noembers, Tel-avivSi, israelis mweralTa saxlSi,<br />

israelis mweralTa kavSirebis federaciis, saqarTvelos ebraelTa<br />

msoflio kongresisa da daviT baazovis saqarTvelos ebraelTa<br />

istoriis muzeumis mier Catarebul saRamoze muzeumis daarsebidan<br />

75-e wlisTavisa da muzeumis samecniero `Sromebis~ IV da V tomebis<br />

gamocemasTan dakavSirebiT saqarTvelos ebraelTa msoflio kongresis<br />

prezidentis batoni moSe (miSiko) mirilaSvilis werilobiTi sityva:<br />

`saqarTvelodan mowveulo Zvirfaso stumrebo, sruliad israelis mweralTa<br />

kavSirebis federaciis Tavmjdomarev, batono efraim, Cemo sayvarelo<br />

damswre sazogadoebav, mTeli msoflios qarTvel ebraelTa saxeliT,<br />

guliTadad mogesalmebiT da gilocavT saqarTvelos ebraelTa istoriuleTnografiuli<br />

muzeumis 75 wlisTavis iubiles da muzeumis "Sromebis" me-5-e<br />

tomis gamosvlas.<br />

rogorc CemTvis cnobili gaxda, am tomSi Sesuli masalebis TiTqmis 80%<br />

dawerilia qarTveli ebraelebis mier an qarTveli ebraelebis Sesaxeb.<br />

udidesi siamovnebiT aRvniSnav, rom Tavisi xangrZlivi da nayofieri<br />

moRvaweobis periodSi, muzeumma didi roli Seasrula, rogorc saqarTvelos<br />

ebraelTa istoriis kvlevis, aseve maTi sazogadoebriv- kulturuli winsvlisa<br />

da erovnuli TviTSegnebis gaRvivebis saqmeSi.<br />

muzeumis namoRvawarma, muzeumis xelmZRvanelobis Tavdadebuli mcdelobis<br />

Sedegad, gauZlo zogierTi avbediTi periodis susxian politikur situaciebs<br />

da cxadad Tu malulad Cvenamde moaRwia.<br />

xolo, am oci wlis winaT, roca sabWoTa kavSiris respublikebSi jer kidev<br />

mZlavrobda komunisturi reJimi, TbilisSi, saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiasTan<br />

daarsda qarTul-ebraul urTierTobaTa asiciacia. amas SeiZleba<br />

vuwodoT sazogadoebrivi gmiroba. asociaciis meSveobiT Cvens or qveyanas<br />

Soris ganviTarda "saxalxo diplomatia" da gaido megobruli urTierTobis<br />

myari xidi. am xidis konstruqtorebic da mSeneblebic iyvnen aw gansvenebuli<br />

akademikosi andria afaqiZe da profesori givi RambaSiZe, profesor Salva<br />

wiwuaSvilTan erTad.<br />

baton Salva wiwuaSvilis israelSi amosvlis Semdeg, orive zemoaRniSnul<br />

dawesebulebas xelmZRvanelobs batoni givi RambaSiZe, romelic sanimuSod<br />

da sanaqebod uZRveba Tavis maRal xalxTaSoriso misias.<br />

batoni givi israelisa da ebraeli xalxis didi qomagia da uSurvelad iRvwis<br />

Cveni ori qveynisa da ori xalxis megobrobis Semdgomi gaRrmavebisaTvis.<br />

batono givi, didad gmadlobT am TanadgomisaTvis!<br />

darwmunebuli var, rom Tqvendami daqvemdebarebuli muzeumis koordinatori<br />

da sainformacio ganyofilebis ufrosi q-ni Tamari [RambaSiZe] mibaZavs<br />

da kidev ofro sanimuSos gaxdis Tqvens magaliTs.<br />

qalbatono Tamar, gisurvebT did warmatebebs Tqvens keTilSobilur<br />

saqmianobaSi.<br />

dae, hfaravdes Cveni didi winaprebis abraamis, icxakisa da iaakobis madli<br />

israelsa da saqarTvelos!~<br />

luri kultu ris Zegle bi `wmi da miwaze~;<br />

* sa qarTve los me feTa warmomavlo<br />

bis izo Te istu ri Te o ria (romlis<br />

mi xedvi Tac qarTve li me feni _<br />

bagra ti onni ebra elTa bibli u ri mefe<br />

e bis da viTisa da so lomo nis STamomavle<br />

bi ari an];<br />

* bibli ur me fe da viT winaswarmetyvelTan<br />

[‚‚david hamelex‚‚]<br />

da kavSi rebu li simbo lo e bi (heqsagrama,<br />

bagra tovanTa gerbi) Su a sa u kune ebis<br />

qarTul ma teri a lur kultu raSi;<br />

* sa qarTve los ebra elTa su li eri<br />

da ma teri a luri kultu ris Zeglebi,<br />

re ligi u ri cxovre ba, tra dici e bi;<br />

* sa qarTve los ebra elTa yo fa da<br />

kultu ra;<br />

* ratom ar yofila sa qarTve loSi,<br />

isto ri u lad da sa xelmwi fo ebri vad,<br />

anti semi tizmi. aRi niSne ba qarTvelTa<br />

Tavda deba XX saukunis da sawyisSi<br />

ru seTSi mimdinare `pogro mebi s~<br />

dros, ebra e li tyve e bis ga darCe na II<br />

msoflio omis periodSi da sxv.<br />

* sa qarTve lodan ebra elTa istori<br />

ul samSoblo Si dabru nebis pe rio<br />

debi _ XIX s. _ XX s. da sawyi si,<br />

XX s-is 70-ia ni wle bidan... axsni lia<br />

am movle nis me tafi ziku ri, isto ri uli,<br />

so ci a lur-po liti kuri aspeqtebi;<br />

sa qarTve losTan qarTve li ebra elobis<br />

da moki debu lebis mniSvne lovani<br />

faqte bi, sa qarTve lo-isra e lis Tanamedro<br />

ve sa xelmwi fo ebri vi, sa mecnie<br />

ro-kultu ruli da sa zoga do ebri vi<br />

urTi erTo bani;<br />

* sa qarTve loSi moRva we ebra uli,<br />

qarTul-ebra u li sa xelmwi fo da<br />

sa zoga do ebri vi orga niza ci e bi;<br />

* ga mofe naze warmodge nili iqneba<br />

mra valfe rova ni fo to, teqstobrivi,<br />

sagnobri vi ma sala: sa qarTve loSi<br />

ebra elTa isto ri u li gansaxle bis<br />

ru kebi, pe i zaJe bi, ubne bi, sa suli e ro<br />

da sa e ro na gebo bebis, sa safla o e bis<br />

xe debi, de mogra fi u li mo nace mebi,<br />

mdi dari isto ri u li, arqe o logi u ri,<br />

eTnogra fi u li, epigra fiku li, xelnaweri,<br />

beWdvi Ti ma sala, ni Wi e ri qarTveli<br />

ebra e li `pri miti visti~ mxatvris<br />

S. ko boSvi lis, msofli o Si cno bili<br />

ebra e li mxatvris s. gerSo visa (romlis<br />

udi desi ko leqci ac ina xeba saqarTve<br />

loSi) da sxva mxatvre bis namuSevre<br />

bi.<br />

ga mofe nis la itmo tivi _ qarTvelma<br />

ebra e lobam Rirse u lad ganvlo<br />

sa qarTve loSi cxovre bis mra valsa ukuno<br />

vani gza da mtki ced da imkvidra<br />

Ta vi mis isto ri a Si, rac ori ve eris<br />

to leranto bis, bibli u ri sibrZnis na-<br />

Teli ga movle naa. yo veli ve amis ga mo,<br />

sa qarTve los sru li sa fuZve li aqvs<br />

msofli os auwyos da aRniSnos erTa<br />

mSvi dobi a ni Ta na arse bobis isto ri uli<br />

fe nome ni.<br />

givi RambaSiZe<br />

muzeumis direqtori<br />

qarTul-ebraul urTierTobaTa<br />

asociaciis prezidenti<br />

minaweri: saqarTvelos ebraelTa<br />

muzeumis Senoba avariul mdgomareobaSia.<br />

Svela ki jerjerobiT arsaidan<br />

Cans. Sedgenilia muzeumis restavraciisa<br />

da funqcionirebis proeqti, romelSic<br />

gaTvaliswinebulia muzeumis<br />

muSaobisaTvis saWiro yvela niuansi.<br />

Cvenc SevitanoT Cveni wvlili am ke-<br />

TilSobilur saqmeSi. muzeumi xom<br />

saqarTvelos ebraelTa istoriis matianea.<br />

d-ri Salva wiwuaSvili<br />

saqarTvelos ebraelTa muzeumis<br />

yofili direqtori<br />

redaqciisagan: WeSmaritad, _ ‚‚muzeumi<br />

istoriis matianea‘‘ _ warsulis<br />

utyuari sarke. warsulis daviwyeba ki<br />

fesvebidan mowyvetas niSnavs, rac TviTmkvlelobis<br />

tolfasia.<br />

saqarTvelos ebraelTa istoria xom<br />

msoflio ebraelTa istoriis erT-erTi<br />

gamorCeuli furcelia. amasTan igi, Tavisi<br />

TiTqmis samiaTaswlovani siZveliT,<br />

saqarTvelos istoriis nawilicaa.<br />

vexmianebiT ra winamdebare publikaciis<br />

paToss, migvaCnia, rom yvelaferi<br />

unda gakeTdes avariuli Senobis gadasarCenad,<br />

sxvadasxva sacavSi gadaxiznuli<br />

unikaluri sulier-materialuri<br />

Zeglebis Tavmosayrelad da erT adgilze<br />

gansaTavseblad.<br />

SemovunaxoT momaval Taobebs<br />

qarTul-ebrauli kulturis es umniSvnelovanesi<br />

kera _ saqarTveloSi Cveni<br />

ocdaeqvssaukunovani cxovrebis yvelaze<br />

metyveli niSansveti!<br />

ganaxlebuli muzeumi bunebrivad<br />

Caiwereba Tbilisis istoriul konteqstSi.<br />

igi CarTuli iqneba turistul<br />

marSrutebSi da, ori eris mravalsaukunovani<br />

Tanaarsebobis gamocdilebidan<br />

gamomdinare, qalaqis erT-erT savizito<br />

baraTad iqceva.<br />

muzeumis Temas Cven kidev davubrundebiT.<br />

gazeTis uaxloes nomrebSi gaTvaliswinebuli<br />

gvaqvs b-n Salva wiwuaSvilis<br />

vrceli masalis publikacia.

Catexili xidi aRdga,<br />

tradicia grZeldeba<br />

Ggamoica daviT baazovis saqarTvelos<br />

ebraelTa istoriis<br />

muzeumis Sromebis VI tomi [Tbilisi<br />

2010 weli, 394 gverdi _ qar-<br />

Tul-rusul-inglisur enebze].<br />

Sromebis gamomcemlebi arian:<br />

saqarTvelos kulturis, Zegl-<br />

Ta dacvisa da sportis saministro,<br />

daviT baazovis saqarTvelos<br />

ebraelTa istoriis muzeumi,<br />

qarTul-ebraul urTierTobaTa<br />

asociacia,asiriologTa, biblei-<br />

stTa da kavkasiologTa sazogadoeba,<br />

saqarTvelos ebraelTa<br />

msoflio kongresi.<br />

gamoqveynebul masalebSi, romelTa<br />

avtorebi arian cnobili<br />

ebraeli da qarTveli mecnierebi,<br />

ganxilulia qarTvel ebraelTa<br />

religiuri cxovrebis, istoriisa<br />

da kulturis, bibleistikis, qar-<br />

Tul-ebrauli urTierTobebisa da<br />

sxva sakvanZo sakiTxebi<br />

gamocemis redaqtoria givi<br />

RambaSiZe. saredaqcio kolegiaSi<br />

Sedian: j. ajiaSvili, d. baazovi,<br />

g. baTiaSvili, g. ben-oreni, z. davaraSvili,<br />

i. davidi, z. kiknaZe, e.<br />

mamisTvaliSvili, T. mamisTvalovi-kezeraSvili,<br />

g. mircxulava, m.<br />

RambaSiZe, T. cagareiSvili, S. wiwuaSvili.<br />

rogorc cnobilia, ‘‘Sromebis’’<br />

pirveli tomi 1940 wels gamovida<br />

da maSinve miipyro samecniero<br />

wreebisa da farTo sazogadoebriobis<br />

yuradReba. muzeumis<br />

maSindelma mesveurebma sul sami<br />

tomis gamocema moaswres [bolo,<br />

mesame tomi gamovida 1945 wels],<br />

radgan sabWouri ideologiis antisemiturma<br />

xasiaTma muzeumsac<br />

da mis Sromebsac naadrevad mouswrafa<br />

sicocxle.<br />

sabednierod, muzeumis aRdgenis<br />

Semdeg daiwyo samzadisi<br />

‘‘Sromebis’’ Semdgomi tomebis<br />

gamosacemad da dRes, rogorc xedavT,<br />

xelTa gvaqvs meeqvse tomi,<br />

romelic wina tomebis kvaldakval,<br />

maRalmecnieruli doniT gamoirCeva.<br />

amaSi didia muzeumis amJamindeli<br />

xelmZRvanelobis damsaxureba.<br />

ase rom, Catexili xidi aRdga,<br />

tradicia grZeldeba.<br />

‘‘Sromebi~ VI-is prezentacia<br />

Catarda saqarTvelos kulturis,<br />

ZeglTa dacvisa da sportis saministroSi,<br />

saqarTvelos diasporis<br />

saministroSi, Tbilisis ebraul<br />

saxlSi da sxv.<br />

krebuli darigda sxvadasxva<br />

organizaciasa da biblioTekaSi...<br />

Eebraul-qarTuli sasaubro<br />

daaxloebiT sami wlis win erTma axalgazrdam damireka:<br />

- me eiali mqvia, Tqveni telefonis nomeri Tqvenma megobarma momca. me da Cems<br />

partniors qarTuli enis swavla gvinda da xom ar dagvexmarebiT?<br />

marTali giTxraT, cota Sevyovndi. ar vicodi ra pasuxi gameca.<br />

- Zalian gTxovT, uars nu gvetyviT, radgan Zalian gvWirdeba. danarCens, roca<br />

SevxvdebiT, maSin agixsniT.<br />

cnobismoyvareobam mZlia da Sexvedraze davTanxmdi. eiali megobarTan erTad<br />

movida, romelmac Tavi ionaTanad warmomidgina. daaxloebiT 30-35 wlis asakisa iqnebodnen.Eeiali<br />

namdvili “cabari” [israelSi dabadebuli da gazrdili _ red.] iyo,<br />

Tanac ramaT-haSaronidan, ionaTans aqcentze Sevatyve, anglosaqsuri warmoSobis<br />

unda yofiliyo. arc Sevmcdarvar: amerikeli aRmoCnda, sul ramdenime wlis win amosuliyo<br />

israelSi sacxovreblad.<br />

saubarSi gairkva, rom TbilisSi saerTo sacxovrebeli saxlebis kompleqss aSenebdnen.<br />

saqarTvelos silamazeze, qarTul stumarTmoyvareobasa da qarTul samzareuloze<br />

rom laparakobdnen, saWaSnikod ramdenime qarTuli sityvac gauries, maT<br />

Soris – “gogo”, “biWo”, “xaWapuri”, “Rvino” da, ra Tqma unda, “fuli”.<br />

- Cven salaparako enis swavla gvinda. TveSi ori kvira TbilisSi gvixdeba xolme<br />

yofna. zogjer iseT xalxTan gviwevs urTierToba, inglisuri rom ar ician. erTi<br />

sityvac rom vuTxraT qarTulad, maT guls movigebT – miTxra ionaTanma.<br />

- Tanac xom unda vicodeT, qarTulad ras laparakoben Cvenze erTmaneTSi. arc<br />

gavamxelT, qarTuli rom gvesmis. Taviseburad es sainteresoc iqneba. – xumrobiT<br />

daumata eialma, eSmakurad gaiRima da ionaTans Tvali Caukra.<br />

- kargi “daqoqilebi” Canan – gamecina gulSi.<br />

ase daiwyo Cemi qarTuli enis “maswavlebloba”...<br />

eiali da ionaTani bejiTi moswavleebi gamodgnen da Zalian seriozulad moekidnen<br />

qarTuli enis Seswavlas. jer asoebi Seiswavles, Semdeg nel-nela sityvebi da<br />

bolos winadadebebis Sedgenac daiwyes. marTalia, zogi mWaxe bgeris warmoTqmisas<br />

[R, y, Z, w, W] simwris ofli asxamdaT, magram cota xanSi mainc sakmao leqsikuri maragi<br />

daigroves. swavlis gasaadvileblad, dasawyisSi, qarTul sityvebs ebrauli asoebiT<br />

vuwerdi, xmovnebianad. ramdenime Tvis Semdeg ki, roca imdenad Seiswavles ena, rom<br />

gaqceul qarTvels daabrunebdnen da maTi rveulic ebrauli asoebiT ‘‘gamoyvanili’’<br />

d idi<br />

anaklisi<br />

qarTuli marto enaa? -<br />

qarTuli qarTvelT rwmenaa!<br />

RmerTia!<br />

bedisweraa!<br />

zRva roa, -<br />

imodenaa!<br />

muxran maWavariani<br />

15<br />

semk<br />

gazeTi dasabeWdad iyo mzad, rodesac saqarTvelodan samwuxaro<br />

cnoba movida: gardaicvala didi qarTveli poeti muxran maWavariani.<br />

es aunazRaurebeli danaklisia mTeli qarTuli mwerlobis-<br />

Tvis, qarTveli xalxisTvis, poeziisa da mxatvruli sityvis yvela<br />

WeSmariti moyvarulisTvis.<br />

igi TbilisSi, rusTavelis Teatris scenaze gamosvlisas gardaicvala,<br />

_ rogorc TviTmxilvelebi amboben, swored im dros,<br />

roca sityva ‘‘saqarTvelos’’ warmoTqvamda.<br />

ubeduri SemTxvevisa Tu bedisweris am uCveulo aqtSic TiTqos<br />

gacxadda muxran maWavarianis, rogorc poetisa da mamuliSvilis,<br />

cxovrebisa da moRvaweobis mTeli azri da Sinaarsi.<br />

muxran maWavariani namyofia israelSi: sruliad israelis mweralTa<br />

federaciis mowveviT, igi 1989 wels stumrad ewvia Cvens<br />

qveyanas; imave wels man, rogorc saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSirirs<br />

Tavmjdomarem, sanaqebo maspinZloba gauwia sapasuxo vizitiT<br />

saqarTveloSi Casul israelis mweralTa delegacias.igi<br />

israelis WeSmariti gulSematkivari iyo, gacnobierebuli hqonda<br />

ebrauli kulturis mniSvneloba da bevrs akeTebda qarTul da<br />

ebraul kulturaTa dasaaxloeblad.<br />

saqarTvelos ebraelTa msoflio kongresi, qarTvel ebraelobasTan<br />

erTad, Rrma gulistkivils gamoTqvams didi Semoqmedis<br />

gardacvalebis gamo da uerTdeba mTeli qarTveli xalxis,<br />

sruliad saqarTvelos sawuxars.<br />

RmerTma gaanaTlos misi suli!<br />

saqarTvelos ebraelTa msoflio kongresi<br />

qarTuli frazeologiebiT gaivso, ionaTanma moulodnelad mkiTxa:<br />

- ar ginda, rom ebraul-qarTuli sasaubro Seadgino?<br />

- visTvis? – vkiTxe gakvirvebulma.<br />

- Senma Svilebma Tu ician qarTuli? – kiTxvaze kiTxviT momigo eialma.<br />

cota uxerxulad vigrZeni Tavi, magram gulaxdilad vuTxari:<br />

- esmiT, magram qarTulad ver laparakoben.<br />

- miT umetes, gaakeTe Seni SvilebisTvisac da aq dabadebuli bavSvebisTvisac.<br />

esec ar iyos, ici ramdeni ebraulenovani turisti da biznesmeni Cadis saqarTveloSi<br />

israelidan da sxva qveynebidanac?Yyvelas gamoadgeba.<br />

marTali rom giTxraT, amaze arc mifiqria. ionaTanisa da eialis naTqvami<br />

WkuaSi damijda, meore dResve davukavSirdi ieruSalaimSi gamomcemloba<br />

“hocaoT sifrei zak”-s, romelic sxvadasxvaenovan sasaubroebs gamoscems, erT<br />

kviraSi ki xelSekrulebas movawere xeli, iqve momces standartuli ebraulinglisuri<br />

sasaubro, riTac unda mexelmZRvanela.<br />

mas Semdeg TiTqmis ori weli gavida. am xnis ganmavlobaSi bevrma aqaurma<br />

nacnob-megobarma moinaxula saqarTvelo. maTac vuwerdi ebrauli asoebiT<br />

qarTul sityvebsa da frazebs. iqidan dabrunebis Semdeg ki maT survilebsa da<br />

winadadebebs viTvaliswinebdi da axal-axali detalebiT vavsebdi sasaubros.<br />

roca gamomcemlobaSi wignis redaqtirebaze Camomigdes sityva, arc davfiqrebulvar,<br />

ise davusaxele d-r gerSon ben-orenis saxeli. man erTob Sromatevadi<br />

samuSao gaswia _ saqmian SeniSvnebs maZlevda, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi<br />

“mtuqsavda” kidec. zogjer gvian SuaRamemdec gviwevda satelefono saubari,<br />

azrTa gacvla-gamocvla...<br />

Cemgan damoukidebeli mizezebis gamo, wigni daTqmul droze ver Cavabare,<br />

magram gamomcemlobis xelmZRvanelebma sulgrZelad mapaties es uneblie dagvianeba<br />

da aRar “damajarimes”.<br />

... rac Seexeba Cems “moswavleebs”, maT saguramoSic SeiZines miwis nakveTebi<br />

da albaT iqac daiwyeben axali proeqtebis ganxorcielebas. eials qaliSvili<br />

SeeZina da moferebiT “gogos” eZaxis, ionaTani ki vaJis mama gaxda da isic moferebiT<br />

“biWos” uwodebs.<br />

maTgan inicirebuli ebraul-qarTuli sasaubro ki israelis wignebis maRaziebis<br />

Taroebze “hocaoT sifrei zak”-is mier 25 sxvadasxva enaze gamocemul<br />

sasaubroTa ricxvs Seemata.<br />

cisana Samiri

16<br />

moambe<br />

erTi wlis winaT axlobeli dameRupa. igi ormocdaaTsac<br />

ar iyo mitanebuli. bolo sami weli<br />

narkotikebs ar gakarebia, da Zalian surda sicocxle.<br />

bevrsac akeTebda amisTvis _ cdilobda axali cxovreba<br />

daewyo; magram sinamdvile sastikad moeqca. warsulis<br />

stereotipebma, _ an, SesaZloa, Zalian dagvianebulic<br />

iyo yvelafris Tavidan dawyeba, _ bolo mouRo<br />

mas. aRaraa adamiani, darCa narkotikebi, romelic morig<br />

msxverpls daelodeba.<br />

saerTod, Znelia narkomaniaze wera da, gansakuTrebiT<br />

_ Cveni xalxisaTvis. CvenSi xom miRebuli<br />

araa nagvis gareT gatana; magram simarTles Tu ar<br />

ityvi, ra mZimec ar unda iyos igi, kidev vin icis<br />

ramdeni adamiani gamogvecleba xelidan _ narkotikebi<br />

xom bevr sasikvdilo avadmyofobaze saSiSia _ TviT<br />

Sidsis daavadebazec ki. Sidsis sawinaaRmdego preparatebs<br />

mTeli msoflio eZebs da poulobs kidec;<br />

narkomaniis gansakurnavad ki dRemde ver moinaxa wamali.<br />

Cveni Temi narkomanias SedarebiT axlo warsulSi<br />

Seejaxa. me maxsovs Cemi bavSvoba quTaisSi, maxsovs<br />

pirveli narkomanebi. Tavdapirvelad, morfinistebi Cven<br />

gmiris mantiebiT warmogvedgina. 13-14 wlis mozardebi<br />

vcdilobdiT, ufrosi ‘’megobrebisTvis’’ migvebaZa<br />

da Tavi gmirebad warmogvesaxa. maSin sazogadoebas<br />

jer kidev ar hqonda gacnobierebuli am ubedurebis<br />

sruli masStabebi. samwuxarod, Cveni samegobros zogierTma<br />

wevrma ‘’kaefis’’ devnaSi Zalze Sors Setopa.<br />

20 wlis Semdeg, Tbilisis fsiqologiis institutSi<br />

muSaobis periodSi, me vxvdebodi am xalxs, magram ukve<br />

S O S<br />

pacientebis ampluaSi. TandaTanobiT, _ Cemi bavSvobis<br />

wlebidan moyolebuli, _ narkotikebis xmareba did<br />

problemad gveqca. romel qveyanaSic ar unda vyofiliyavi,<br />

yvelgan axlo urTierToba mqonda Cvens qarTul<br />

saTvistomoebTan. yovelive es safuZvels maZlevs ganvacxado,<br />

rom narkomaniasTan mimarTebiT mdgomareobas<br />

jerjerobiT sasikeTo piri ar uCans.<br />

adamianTa meti wili Tvlis, rom narkomania mavne<br />

Cvevaa. narkomanebi aRizianeben garSemomyofT TavianTi<br />

manipulaciebiT, pasuxismgeblobis Tavidan acilebiT,<br />

agresiulobiT da, bolos, damnaSaveobiTac. cota Tu<br />

xvdeba, rom wamalze damokidebul adamians, xSirad,<br />

Zala ar Seswevs, rom Secvalos cxovrebis Cveuli<br />

wesi; igi avadaa am damokidebulebis gamo _ es qronikuli<br />

daavadebaa, Tavisi garTulebebiTa da remisiebiT,<br />

romelic xasiaTdeba avadmyofuri moTxovnilebiT, e. w.<br />

‘’narkotikuli SimSiliT,’’ rac sabolood iwvevs nervuli<br />

sistemis cvlilebebs da moSlas molekulul<br />

doneze.<br />

umravlesoba narkotikebis miRebas 13-15 wlis<br />

asakidan iwyebs. maTi, rogorc pirovnebebis, socialuri<br />

da inteleqtualuri ganviTareba ferxdeba da saurTierTobo<br />

wre izRudeba mxolod narkotikebis yidvamoxmarebis<br />

doneze. axloblebi maT veRar ugeben, kanoni<br />

_ devnis, sazogadoeba ki _ uaryofs. narkotikebSi<br />

CaTreulni mxolod 10-15 wlis Semdeg fxizldebian,<br />

iwyeben fiqrs gankurnebaze da daxmarebisTvis iwvdian<br />

xels. am etapze isini, misustebulni da dabeCavebulni,<br />

mimxvdarni arian, rom wlebi uazrod daxarjes. amis<br />

sapasuxod, ojaxis wevrebi, ukve gulgatexilni da xelCaqneulni,<br />

aRar ijereben maT dapirebebs da uars<br />

amboben daxmarebaze. narkomanebi Tavs gariyulebad<br />

grZnoben.<br />

magram, narkotikebze uaris Tqmis Semdeg maTi<br />

mdgomareoba ki ar umjobesdeba, piriqiT _ uaresdeba[?].<br />

es, pirvel yovlisa, gamowveulia yvela sasicocxlo<br />

problemis erTbaSad mogvarebis iluziebiT _<br />

rogorc narkomanis, iseve misi axloblebis mxridan.<br />

ararealuri da gadaWarbebuli momTxovneloba ganux-<br />

gazeTi Seicavs Toris wminda sityvebs. gTxovT gaufrTxildeT!<br />

orcielebeli rCeba, ris Sedegadac Cndeba undoblobis<br />

sindromi. tyuilad rodi amboben: “erTxel narkomani<br />

- mudam narkomani.’’<br />

amasTan erTad, cxadi xdeba, rom narkomani elementarul<br />

donezec ki ar aris mzad yoveldRiuri<br />

cxovrebisTvis. ubralo saqmis mogvarebac ki gadauWrel<br />

problemad eCveneba. izrdeba krizisi TviT<br />

normatiul sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis TvalsazrisiTac.<br />

narkodamokidebuli adamiani, Tavisi arsiT,<br />

martosulia, Tundac mas mravalricxovan ojaxSi<br />

uxdebodes cxovreba. narkotikebis ‘’gadagdebis’’ Semdeg<br />

ki igi am martoobas ufro mwvaved ganicdis.<br />

unarkotiko cxovrebas nanatri Sveba da sixaruli ar<br />

moaqvs. Sedegic logikuria: umravlesoba brundeba iq,<br />

saidanac gamoqcevas cdilobda.<br />

yoveli qimikati, romelsac SeuZlia adamianis ganwyoba<br />

Secvalos. Tavisi zemoqmedebis ZaliT, fsiqoaqtiuria.<br />

sazRvari borotad gamoyenebasa da narkodamokidebulebas<br />

Soris sakuTar qcevaze kontrolis<br />

dakargvaa.Arogorc Cemi pacientebi aRiarebdnen, arcTu<br />

iSviaTad narkotikebs im fuliT yidulobdnen, romelic<br />

mcirewlovani bavSvebis an xanSiSesuli mSoblebis<br />

sakvebisTvis hqondaT gadadebuli.<br />

dReisaTvis, narkomanebis mravalricxovani armia<br />

SeiZleba oTx did jgufad daiyos:<br />

1. am jgufSi Sedis bunebrivi [opiumi da misgan<br />

nawarmoebi] da sinTetikuri tkivilgamayuCebeli<br />

narkopreparatebi, meTadinisa da subuteqsis CaTvliT.<br />

maT Soris mTavari gaxlavT heroini, romelic Zlieri<br />

fsiqikuri da fizikuri narkodamokidebulebis mapro-<br />

vocirebelia. evropasa da amerikaSi mas nemsiT ‘’iSxapuneben,’’<br />

israelSi ki ewevian an cxviriT ‘’isrutaven.’’<br />

2. narkotiki-depresantebi _ esaa damawynarebeli<br />

da Zilis momgvreli tabletebi, romelsac narkomani<br />

heroinTan da sxva narkotikebTan erTad moixmars, raTa<br />

gaiZlieros eiforiuli efeqti. amave jgufSi Sedis<br />

alkoholic.<br />

3. stimulatorebi mZime fsiqologiur damokidebulebas<br />

iwveven da, masTan erTad, fsiqozsac. samxreT<br />

amerikis qveynebSi kokaini iTvleba mTavar ‘’quCur’’<br />

narkotikad. sxva qveynebSi igi yvelazeE ZviradRirebuli<br />

narkotikia. sinTetikuri stimulatorebidan<br />

yvelgan xmaroben eqstazebs, an amfetaminebisa da<br />

efedrinis Semcvel preparatebs _ yovelgvar wamals,<br />

romelsac hiperaqtiur bavSvebs uweren yuradRebis<br />

koncentraciisTvis [ritalini, nitani da sxv.].<br />

4. kidev erTi jgufi narkotikebisa _ esaa halucinogenebi,<br />

romelsac SedarebiT cotani xmaroben.<br />

maT ar uviTardebaT mZime fizikuri damokidebuleba.<br />

metwilad aq laparakia LSD-s erTjerad gamoyenebaze,<br />

rac zogjer fsiqiatriul stacionarSi hospitalizaciiT<br />

mTavrdeba. xazgasmiT unda aRiniSnos, rom<br />

marixuana, anaSa da haSiSi garkveul halucinaciur<br />

zemoqmedebas axdens, rac mZime mdgomareobaSi agdebs<br />

adamianis organizms.<br />

narkotikebis am jgufebTan erTad, arsebobs kidev<br />

mTeli wyeba sxva Cveulebrivi preparatebisa da niv-<br />

Tierebebisa, romlebic _ maRali koncentraciiT CasunTqvis<br />

SemTxvevaSi _ analogiur eiforiul efeqts<br />

iZlevian. Tavze Camoicvamen ra Cveulebriv polieTilenis<br />

parks, bavSvebi isunTqaven webos orTqls,<br />

sarecx saSualebebs da kondicioneris freonis gazsac<br />

ki.<br />

dasasrul, unda vicodeT, rom narkotikebi iyo,<br />

aris da iqneba. rogor davexmaroT mis tyveobaSi myof<br />

adamianebs? rogor davicvaT Cveni Svilebi am safrTxisagan?<br />

modiT, SevexoT am Temasac.<br />

narkodamokidebuli pacientebis mkurnaloba iwyeba<br />

motivaciiT: SedarebiT advilad elevian mavne Cvevas<br />

cixis, avadmyofobis an, sulac, gayris SiSiT. diax,<br />

mTavari faqtori aq SiSia. Tumca, amasTan erTad, bevri<br />

pacienti modis CemTan _ gaucnobiereblad, mxolod<br />

Sinagani survilis karnaxiT _ rom Secvalon TavianTi<br />

cxovrebis wesi.<br />

narkotikebidan gasufTavebis process detoksifikacia<br />

hqvia, romelic samedicino zedamxedvelobiT<br />

xorcieldeba; Tumca, aris SemTxvevebi, roca narkomanebi<br />

saxlebSi iketebian da ‘’mSrali’’ meTodiT‘’<br />

sufTavdebian.’’Ndetoksifikaciis procesi 2-4 kvira<br />

grZeldeba. amiT, mTeli problema, samwuxarod, ar amoiwureba.<br />

kidev sakmaod didi droa saWiro reabilitaciisaTvis.<br />

dasawyisSi esaa pirveli 90 unarkotiko<br />

dRe, pirveli gamarjvebis gemo da WeSmariti motivaciis<br />

ararseboba. igi unda Camoyalibdes. ai, ratomaa<br />

aucilebeli narkomanis yofna profesiul sareabilitacio<br />

centrSi. erT-erT aseT centrSi vmuSaob mec<br />

- ager ukve aT welze metia...<br />

sxvaTa Soris, israelSi sareabilitacio procesi<br />

mimdinareobs rogorc ambulatoriul, aseve stacionarul<br />

[saavadmyofoSi cxovreba, mkurnaloba] reJimSi.<br />

egreT wodebuli ’’dRiuri stacionarebi’’ ekuTvnis<br />

rogorc janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministroebs,<br />

aseve sazogadoebriv da kerZo organizaciebs.<br />

pacienti yoveldRiurad 6-8 saaTs imyofeba centrSi,<br />

gamosasvleli da sadResaswaulo dReebis garda:<br />

mimdinareobs jgufuri da individualuri intensiuri<br />

mkurnaloba, SromiTi Terapia, SemoqmedebiTi muSaobac<br />

ki. sistematurad [yoveldRe] mowmdeba analizebi.<br />

aseve, sacxovrebeli adgilebis mixedviT municipalitetebTan<br />

arsebobs ‘’ambulatoriuli centrebi.’’<br />

aq pacienti kviraSi 2-3- jer gadis jgufur an individualur<br />

mkurnalobis kurss da iRebs analizebs.<br />

sareabilitacio dawesebulebis alternatiuli<br />

saxeobaa e.w. ‘’samkurnalo komuna.’’ esaa namdvili soflis<br />

imitacia _ TviTmomsaxurebiTa da sacxovrebeli<br />

kompleqsiT, romelic 80-150 kaczea gaTvlili. aq<br />

yofnis vada daaxloebiT wlinaxevriT ganisazRvreba.<br />

zogierT aseT dawesebulebaSi aris narkodamokidebuli<br />

dedebisa da bavSvebis cxovrebis SesaZlebloba<br />

_ 0,5-dan 3 wlamde.<br />

mkurnalobis sistema aq reJimulia da sakmaod<br />

mkacri _ yazarmuli.<br />

zogjer narkomanebi, sxvadasxva mizeziT, veRar<br />

brundebian saxlSi. yofili narkomanebisTvis gankuTvnilia<br />

egreT wodebuli ‘’Tbili saxli,’’ sadac isini<br />

cxovroben da muSaoben, rogorc es miRebulia normatiul<br />

sazogadoebaSi. saRamoobiT yvelani jgufur<br />

mkurnalobas gadian da analizebs iReben narkotikebze.<br />

sadac ar unda mimdinareobdes reabilitacia,<br />

yvelgan arsebobs Taviseburi dinamika. unda gvaxsovdes,<br />

rom narkomani Znelad urigdeba grZelvadian reabilitacias.<br />

amitom Cven vcdilobT, pacients mkurnalobis<br />

pirvelive dRidanve CavunergoT mtkice motivacia.<br />

rogorc zemoTac aRvniSneT, yovelTvis ZalaSi rCeba<br />

sawyisi 90 dRe narkotikebis sruli SewyvetisaTvis.<br />

es pirveli da yvelaze adreuli etapia. momdevno 90<br />

dRis ganmavlobaSi me vxedav, rogor ecvleba narkomans<br />

Tavisi Tavisa da garemomcveli sinamdvilis fizikuri<br />

aRqma. Semdgom,MDdaaxloebiT 180-dan 270 dRemde, pacienti<br />

TandaTanobiT iwyebs Sesvlas normatiul sazogadoebaSi.<br />

reabilitaciis bolo etapi ukve Cvevebis<br />

gasamyareblad aris gankuTvnili.<br />

narkotikebis Sewyvetis pirvelive dRidan sicocxlis<br />

bolomde narkomanma mtkiced unda daikavos<br />

adgili ‘’anonimuri narkomanebis’’ TviTdaxmarebis<br />

jgufSi. es aris warmatebuli reabilitaciis mTavari<br />

kriteriumi, cxadia, urTierTobaTa janmrTel garemosa<br />

da normatiuli cxovrebis pirobebTan erTad.<br />

Cemi kolegebi xSirad mekiTxebian _ SeiniSneba<br />

Tu ara raime gansakuTrebuli gamovlinebebi qarTvel

ebrael narkomanTa Soris?<br />

obieqturi statistikuri monacemebi am Temaze<br />

ar arsebobs. Cvens TemSi am tipis raime samuSao<br />

ar Catarebula, Tumca, rogorc yvela sxva eTnikur<br />

jgufSi, ra Tqma unda, aqac aris Taviseburebebi.<br />

narkologiis dargSi momuSave specialistebs Soris<br />

figurirebs azri, rom iemenidan da saqarTvelodan<br />

gamosuli narkomanebi yvelaze Znelad eqvemdebarebian<br />

mkurnalobas.<br />

Cven, Cveni arsiT, konservatiuli Temi varT da<br />

wmindad vinaxavT Cvens tradiciebs, rogorc dResaswaulebSi,<br />

aseve mwuxarebis dros. amasTan, yvelani<br />

erTmaneTs vicnobT, naTesauri Tu sxva ZafebiT mtkiced<br />

varT erTmaneTTan dakavSirebulni da Zalian<br />

vufrTxildebiT Cveni ojaxebis reputacias. amitom<br />

gviZneldeba daxmarebisa da rCevisaTvis mivmarToT<br />

vinmes, roca ojaxSi narkotikebis problema iCens<br />

Tavs. Cvenda samwuxarod, swor gzaze mxolos ramdenime<br />

wlis dagvianeiT vdgebiT, roca vrwmundebiT,<br />

rom Cvenma sakuTarma mcdelobam saqme gauaresebisken<br />

waiyvana.<br />

zogierTi ojaxi pasiuri Carevis meTods irCevs,<br />

imis imediT, rom asakis momatebasTan erTad mozardi<br />

daWkviandeba da problema TavisTavad moixsneba.<br />

zogjer cdiloben, narkomani Zvirfasi ‘’satyuara-<br />

Ti’’ moisyidon _ magaliTad, manqaniT, zogi deda ki<br />

gzasacdenili Svilis gamosworebas mis saxeldaxelo<br />

SeuRlebasa da daqorwinebaSi xedavs. ra Tqma unda,<br />

yvela darwmunebulia, rom maTi ojaxuri situacia<br />

maT garda aravin icis, ase iketebian sakuTar naWuWSi<br />

meored dabadeba<br />

israelis medpersonali cxra saaTis manZilze<br />

ibrZoda patara qarTvelis gadasarCenad<br />

saocari qveyanaa saqarTvelo.<br />

TiToeul sofels, dabas, qalaqs,<br />

araTu kuTxesa da mxares, mxolod<br />

misTvis damaxasiaTebeli niri da<br />

iersaxe gamoarCevs.<br />

sityva rom ar gamigrZeldes,<br />

erTs vityvi: sul axlo warsulSi<br />

adamianebs erTmaneTi uxarodaT, stumar-maspinZlobis<br />

instituti xom lamis<br />

wmidaTa-wmida ritualis safexuramde<br />

iyo ayvanili, xolo mezobloba<br />

_ axlo naTesaobisa da Wirsa<br />

Tu lxinSi Tanaziarobis uiSviaTes<br />

fenomens eyrdnoboda.<br />

Cveni saxlis karic<br />

dilidan Ria iyo guliviT,<br />

SabaT-kviras xom sulac...<br />

ezos bavSvebi ki,<br />

ukve rogorc tradicia da<br />

bunebrivi aucilebloba,<br />

TiTo-TiTod Tu wyvilwyvilad<br />

Semolagdebodnen,<br />

uTqmelad abobRdebodnen<br />

skamebze da gafacicebiT<br />

elodnen ojaxis diasaxlisisgan<br />

dilis nugbarsa da<br />

sasusnavebs _ mezoblebi am<br />

dros arc kiTxulobdnen<br />

TavianT Svilebs _ icodnen,<br />

sadac iqnebodnen, isic<br />

moexsenebodaT, ramden xans<br />

dayovndebodnen Cvensas,<br />

balRebic erT-or leqssa<br />

Tu cekva-simReras dagvitovebdnen<br />

“gasamrjelod” da JRurtuliT<br />

gaeseodnen ezos... ase vcxovrobdiT.<br />

magram cxovrebas Tavisi kataklizmebic<br />

gaaCnia.<br />

adamiani ki asea ‘’mowyobili’’ _<br />

mas wamSi SeuZlia mospos asi aTasebi,<br />

gaanadguros da nacrad aqcios<br />

wlobiT naSenebi, magram, amasTan,<br />

saoperacio magidasTan erTi patara<br />

sicocxlis gadasarCenad cxra saaTi<br />

dahyos da ibrZolos!.. ras vizamT.<br />

esaa Cveni, adamianuri yofis Suq-<br />

saqarTvelo-israelis VII<br />

saerTaSoriso konferencia<br />

mecnierul-praqtikuli urTierTobani medicinaSi<br />

realoba da perspeqtivebi<br />

2010 wlis 6-13 maiss, Tel-avivSi,<br />

sastumro ‘’metropolitanis’’ sxdoma-<br />

Ta darbazSi, mimdinareobda VII saer-<br />

TaSoriso samedicino konferencia.<br />

monawileTa Soris iyo 44 stumari<br />

saqarTvelodan. sxdomebs 100-mde kaci<br />

eswreboda.<br />

konferencia gaxsna misma ucvlelma<br />

Tavmjdomarem, proeqtis avtorma<br />

da organizatorma, qirurgiis erovnuli<br />

centris sisxlZarRvTa qirurgiis<br />

ganyofilebis xelmZRvanelma da qirurgTa<br />

saerTaSoriso kolejis [q. Cikago,<br />

aSS] namdvilma wevrma _ prof.<br />

givi wiwuaSvilma [TanaTavmjdomaree-<br />

da TviTonve ixSoben gadarCenis gzas _ problema<br />

ki isev problemad rCeba. bevri Cemi pacienti aRiarebs,<br />

rom sirTule narkotikebSi ki ar aris, aramed<br />

cxovrebis wesSi.<br />

sinamdvileSi ojaxs SeuZlia narkomanis daxmareba.<br />

amisaTvis saWiroa problemis gacnobiereba da<br />

im azrTan Segueba, rom narkomania mZime daavadebaa,<br />

romelsac mxolod ori niSnuli aqvs _ garTuleba<br />

da remisia _ da rom ar arsebobs sruli gankurnebis<br />

Sansi. sityvam moitana da erTsac vityvi: zogjer<br />

ojaxuri TavSeyrebis mamapapur tradicias da sasmelebian<br />

sufrasTan mravalsaaTian jdomas wonasworobidan<br />

gamohyavs ‘’gasufTavebuli’’ narkomani. me<br />

xSirad vadareb narkodamokidebulebas Saqris diabet-<br />

Tan: xom aravis mouva azrad, tkbileuli daaZalos<br />

avadmyofs, romelic insulins ikeTebs.<br />

meore mxriv, iSviaTi araa, roca narkomani tovebs<br />

Tavis saxls da aRar ubrundeba ojaxs, radgan um-<br />

Zims imis Ycqera da gagoneba, ra tkivili miayena<br />

axloblebs. yvelaferi unda viRonoT, rom narkomanma<br />

moindomos Sin dabruneba, _ miviRoT, gavugoT da gavi-<br />

TavisoT.<br />

ramdenime sityva im garemos mniSvnelobaze,<br />

sadac ‘’gasufTavebul’’ narkomans uxdeba yofna: zogi<br />

gaurbis ‘’keTrovanTan’’ urTierTobas, zogs ki ecodeba<br />

igi. arc erTia swori da arc meore. sasurvelia, rom<br />

sazogadoeba mzad iyos daexmaros da mxarSi amoudges<br />

‘’sufTa’’ narkomans, dauaxlovdes mas da ar CaiZiros<br />

raRac crurwmenebsa da stereotipebSi.<br />

vubrundebi ra ojaxis did rols Cvens TemSi,<br />

bi _ prof. merab sareli da prof.<br />

robert eligeri]. misasalmebeli sityviT<br />

gamovidnen profesorebi david<br />

baazovi [israeli] da manana maxvilaZe<br />

[saqarTvelo].<br />

dRidan daarsebisa, konferenciebis<br />

orgkomitets aqtiurad uWers mxars<br />

saqarTvelos ebraelTa msoflio<br />

kongresi. batoni moSe [miSiko] mirilaSvili<br />

am proeqtis didi enTuziasti<br />

brZandeboda da yovel Rones xmarobda<br />

konferenciebis maRal doneze<br />

warmarTvisaTvis. semk-is prezidentis<br />

movaleobis Semsruleblis _ b-n Ggabriel<br />

mirilaSvilisa da generaluri<br />

Crdilebi _ CvenSi xom RvTaebrivic<br />

budobs da eSmakeulic, gaaCnia, rodis<br />

ra, an sad ra Warbobs _ siZulvili<br />

Tu siyvaruli.<br />

xolo am patara qarTvels _ Tbilisel<br />

gurul biWs giorgi fircxalaiSvils<br />

_ wlisa da sami Tvisac<br />

rom araa jer da ori qveynis keTili<br />

adamianebi exmarebian, _ marika bebia<br />

da Teona dediko Tu mouTxroben<br />

wlebis Semdeg, rogorc erT ucnaur<br />

da daujerebel sizmars, Tu:<br />

2010 wlis 8 aprils, xuTSabaT<br />

dRes, israelSi, Tel avivis “volfsonis’’<br />

saavadmyofoSi cxra saaTis<br />

ganmavlobaSi sikvdil-sicocxlis<br />

mijnaze rogori unikaluri da uZnelesi<br />

operacia Cautarda amave saavadmyofos<br />

eqim-qirurgis _ lior sasonisa<br />

da medpersonalis mier...<br />

mouTxroben, Tu im xnis manZilze<br />

rogor mTlianad ‘’gamouswores’’<br />

bunebis mier daSvebuli yvela Secdoma,<br />

lafsusi, rogor Tavis adgilze<br />

“daulages’’ gulis sarqvelebi,<br />

sisxlZarRvebi da aRmofxvres yvela<br />

anomalia...<br />

arc imas daumalaven, ukve Sua<br />

operaciisas eqim sasons rogori<br />

uimedoba dauflebia: CauTvlia, rom<br />

bavSvi bolomde ver gauZlebda aseT<br />

warmoudgenlad rTul da xangrZliv<br />

datvirTvas da kinaRam... da mainc,<br />

rogorc Tavadve uRiarebia Semdgom,<br />

direqtoris _ b-n jemal ajiaSvilis<br />

damsaxurebaa, rom konferenciebi kvlav<br />

Seuferxeblad da warmatebiT<br />

tardeba. sagangebod unda iTqvas cnobili<br />

mecnierebis _ david baazovis,<br />

Salva mardis da merab sarelis wvlilze.<br />

aRsaniSnavia saqarTveloSi<br />

israelis saelCosa [b-ni icxak gerberi]<br />

da sakonsulos [q-ni mixail<br />

kali] mxardaWera.<br />

konferenciis samuSao enebi iyo<br />

qarTuli da inglisuri. Tematika, wina<br />

konferenciebis msgavsad, multidisciplinaruli<br />

gaxldaT, _ monawile-<br />

Ta azriT, amgvari midgoma mizanSewonilia,<br />

vinaidan igi sxvadasxva specialobis<br />

warmomadgenlebs sruliad<br />

mokle droSi urTierTgacnobisa da<br />

azrTa gaziarebis karg SesaZleblobas<br />

aZlevs.<br />

ganxilul iqna 14 moxseneba _ diagnostikisa<br />

da mkurnalobis axali,<br />

originaluri meTodebi medicinis<br />

sxvadasxva dargSi [ofTalmologia,<br />

onkologiuri qirurgia, laparosko-<br />

17<br />

semk<br />

me mivmarTav yvela mSobels: gjerodeT, rom Sei-<br />

Zleba ubedurebis Tavidan acileba. mozardebi 12-<br />

14 wlis asakidan iwyeben prioritetebis SerCevas.<br />

kargi, janmrTeli ojaxuri atmosfero mas daexmareba,<br />

umtkivneulod gaumklavdes quCis cdunebebs. gvaxsovdes,<br />

rom narkomanebad ar ibadebian. Tu problema<br />

ukve momwifda, nu gadadebT _ dauyovnebliv mimarTeT<br />

daxmarebisTvis. profesionali narkologebi, eqimebi<br />

da fsiqologebi usaTuod dagexmarebian. nu ahyvebiT<br />

‘’mcodne’’ xalxis rCevebs. guli mtkiva, rodesac<br />

vxedav kargi potencialis axalgazrdebs, kbils rom<br />

usinjaven metadons _ heroinis Semcvlels _ da<br />

Tavis Tavs ver erevian.<br />

dasasrul, ramdenime sityva Cems Sesaxeb:<br />

davibade quTaisSi, davamTavre leningradis universitetis<br />

fsiqologiis fakulteti. vmuSaobdi<br />

Tbilisis fsiqiatriis institutSi da moskovis<br />

mecnierebaTa akademiaSi. var fsiqologiisa da sociologiis<br />

mecnierebaTa doqtori. Tbilisis samoqalaqo<br />

omma, bevr sxva ‘‘sikeTesTan’’ erTad, Cemi samecniero<br />

karierac Seaferxa. vmoRvaweobdi kanadasa da<br />

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iafoSi, maqvs kerZo klinika naTaniaSi. Cemi profesiuli<br />

kompetenciis farglebSi vmkurnalob narkomanebs<br />

_ maT, visac esaWiroeba moklevadiani Terapia. moxaruli<br />

viqnebi, swor gzaze davayeno Cveni Tanamemamuleni<br />

da yvela, visac esaWiroeba Cemi daxmareba.<br />

emzar eligulaSvili<br />

sul sxva siTbosa da siyvaruls<br />

gadauZlevia, _ giorgis im Wkvianur<br />

gamoxedvas, araCveulebriv aRnagobasa<br />

da ulamazes saxis nakvTebs,<br />

mTeli ganyofilebis eqimebi rom mounusxavs...<br />

da bolomde gauriskavs da<br />

uflis nebiTa da dastaqruli ostatobiT<br />

gaumarjvia kidec!<br />

giorgi 20 aprils, israelis<br />

damoukideblobis dRes vinaxule. ma-<br />

Sin igi reanimaciis ganyofilebaSi<br />

imyofeboda. male Tbiliss daubrundeba<br />

da RmerTma inebos, samomavlod,<br />

israelSi mxolod Tavisi eqimisa da<br />

ieruSalaimis mosanaxuleblad dabrundes...<br />

mjera, igi kargi qarTveli gaizrdeba<br />

_ samSobloc eyvareba da adamianic,<br />

da yvela im saficarsac moufrTxildeba,<br />

rac kacis kacobas amSvenebs.<br />

rogorc guruls, arc molxena<br />

SeeSleba da simRera xom miT umetes.<br />

es sityvebi ki, am werilis werisas<br />

laitmotivad rom amekviata, israelisa<br />

da lior sasonis gaxsenebisas<br />

waiRiRine xolme, Cemi lamazi<br />

saqarTvelos lamazo biWo:<br />

“JuJuna wvima movida,<br />

didi mindori danama...”<br />

Semdeg _ rogorc teqstSia...<br />

nugzar janaSvili<br />

piuli da Torakoskopiuli qirurgia,<br />

kardiologia, sefsisi da sxv.]. iyo<br />

saintereso diskusiebi, daisaxa perspeqtivebi.<br />

dasasrul, orgkomitetis xelmZ-<br />

Rvanelobam madloba gadauxada yvelas<br />

da monawileebi saTanado sertifikatiT<br />

daajildova.<br />

konferenciis daxurvis Semdeg<br />

stumrebma daaTvalieres israelis<br />

RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebi, iyvnen<br />

wamyvan samedicino centrebSi, daamyares<br />

piradi kontaqtebi. maT aRfr-<br />

Tovaneba gamoTqves israelis miRwevebis<br />

gamo, sagangebod gausves xazi<br />

qarTveli ebraeli eqimebis warmatebebs,<br />

romelTac mokle droSi umaRles<br />

saerTaSoriso dones miaRwies<br />

da wamyvani poziciebi uWiravT bevr<br />

samedicino dargSi.<br />

damTavrda saintereso da STabe-<br />

WdilebebiT savse kvireuli, romelsac<br />

Tan axlda tradiciuli megobrobisa<br />

da siyvarulis xibli.

18<br />

moambe<br />

SavuoTi<br />

gazeTi Seicavs Toris wminda sityvebs. gTxovT gaufrTxildeT!<br />

"razom didebulia es wigni! giganturi da usazRvro, viTarca TviT samyaro,<br />

fesvebiT SeWrili pirvelyofil qaosSi da mwvervaliT SemarTuli zecis<br />

lurj laJvardSi! mzis amosvla da Casveneba, dabadeba da sikvdili, kacobriobis<br />

mTeli drama, - yvelaferi Serwymulia am wignSi, WeSmaritad igi wignTa wignia."<br />

hainrix haine<br />

Toris boZebis dResaswauli<br />

sinais mTis saidumlo<br />

qvesknelze uRrmesia... dedamiwaze vrceli da<br />

zRvebze farToa~ (`iob~; 11:8,9). masSi adamianuri<br />

eniT gadmocemulia samyaros Seqmnisa da<br />

agebulebis saidumloeba, Jamuxsovari movlen-<br />

Toris gadmosacemad yovladZlierma ampartavnobis Sedegi; es siamayea jariskacisa, ebi, kanon-debulebebi da brZnuli Segonebani;<br />

aarCia ara sididiTa da simaRliT gamorCeu- romelic asrulebs mTavarsardlis brZanebas; Cabudebulia RvTiuri sibrZne, gamudmebeli<br />

li romelime mwvervali, aramed momcro da<br />

,,mokrZalebuli~ sinais mTa.<br />

sakiTxavia: Tuki adgili, saidanac uflis<br />

xeliT xalxs Tora unda boZeboda, saWiroebs<br />

siamayea ebraelisa, romelic uflis neba-survils<br />

emorCileba.<br />

traqtati ,,firkei avoT~ (,,mamaTa Segonebani~),<br />

iwyeba sityvebiT: ,,moSem miiRo Tora si-<br />

kavSiri zecasTan, _ sulierebas rom aziarebs<br />

kacobriobas. TviT saxelwodeba ,,Tora~ warmomavlobs<br />

Zvelebrauli sityvidan ,,horaa~ da<br />

,,Tavmdablobas~, maSin, saerTod, ra SuaSia aq<br />

mTa? dablobSic _ xeobaSi an gaSlil, vake<br />

alagzec xom SeeZloT Toris miReba ebraelebs?;<br />

da, piriqiT _ Tuki aucilebeli iyo siamayisa<br />

da sulieri amaRlebis xazgasma, ratom<br />

ar unda agveRo mwvervalebs Soris yvelaze<br />

maRali mTa?<br />

pasuxi aseTia: Toris misaRebad saWiro<br />

iyo iseTi adgili, romelic orive sawyiss aer-<br />

Tianebs. sinai, erTis mxriv, yvelaze dabalia<br />

mwvervalebidan, meore mxriv ki, rac ar unda<br />

iyos, ase Tu ise, _ mainc mTaa.<br />

aseTive Tvisebebi moeTxoveba TiToeul<br />

CvenTagans, roca wmida wignebs viRebT xelSi;<br />

unda SegveZlos Cvens arsebaSi usazRvrosa<br />

da zRvrulis, anu sulieri da materialuri<br />

sawyisebis harmoniuli SekavSireba, rameTu<br />

ToraSi Cabudebuli RvTiuri sibrZnis Seswavla<br />

uzarmazar Zalisxmevas, mtkice SemarTebasa<br />

da aRmasvlisaken miswrafebas moiTxovs;<br />

yovel cismare dRes, mefe davidis msgavsad,<br />

unda SevTxovdeT ufals: ,,aRmixile Tvalni da<br />

vWvretde saocrebebs Seni sjulisas; sjuli<br />

uflisa srulyofilia, suls ganamtkicebs...~<br />

(,,Tehilim~; 119:18, 19:8).<br />

Toris mTaze boZebiT gvemcno, rom<br />

nais mTaze...~<br />

SeiZleba vikiTxoT: nuTu es aris mTavari?<br />

umjobesi xom ar iqneboda imis Sexseneba,<br />

rom Tora uSualod samyaros Semoqmedis<br />

xeliT gveboZa?<br />

brZenTa ganmartebiT, moSe rabenus _<br />

`Cveni maswavleblis~ _ moxseniebaSi gansakuTrebuli<br />

miniSnebaa Cadebuli: yoveli ebraeli<br />

valdebulia icodes _ Tuki surs miiRos<br />

Tavis mama-papaTa sulieri memkvidreoba, unda<br />

iaros kidec imave gzebiT, ra gzebiTac dadioda<br />

didi winaswarmetyveli. moSes kargad esmoda,<br />

rom miuxedavad misi sidiadisa, sakuTari<br />

araferi ebada; uflis mier micemuli goneba<br />

da Zalebi imisTvis gaaCnda, raTa emoqmeda<br />

amqveynad da, Toris brZanebis Tanaxmad, uke-<br />

Tesobisaken Seecvala samyaro. _ amitom iyoo<br />

winaswarmetyvelTa mefe yvelaze Tavmdabali<br />

adamiani dedamiwis zurgze.<br />

manamde, vidre kacobriobas Tora eboZeboda,<br />

yovlisSemZlis nebiT _ ca da dedamiwa<br />

_ sulieri laSqari da materialuri sawyisi<br />

_ ar unda gaerTianebuliyo. sinais mTasTan<br />

es akrZalva moixsna. Toris miRebisTanave<br />

qveynierebam erTianoba da sisrule moipova:<br />

`codnis gadacemis~, `Cvenebis~, ,,miTiTebis~,<br />

,,darigebis~ garda, ,,mfarvelobasac~ niSnavs<br />

(,,zohari~ _ `naTeba~, `ciali~; 111, 53b).<br />

bibliis centrSi moqceulia adamiani _<br />

Tavisi sixaruliTa da mwuxarebiT, aRmafreni-<br />

Ta da dacemiT, siyvaruliTa da siZulviliT,<br />

adamiani _ sikeTiT amaRlebuli, SeSinebuli,<br />

da mainc imediani.<br />

amitom aris iudaizmi is moZRvreba,<br />

romelmac WeSmaritad inteleqtualuri revolucia<br />

moaxdina kacobriobis istoriaSi,<br />

romelsac daesesxnen da mis winaSe valSi arian<br />

sxva religiebi. Zneli warmosadgenia, ra<br />

iqneboda qveyniereba, rom ar mohfenoda mas<br />

am moZRvrebis Suqi, adamianebs rom ara smenodaT<br />

ra gulmowyale Semoqmedze, romelic<br />

Tavis gaCenilTagan moiTxovs mxolod samar-<br />

Tlianobasa da keTil saqmeebs. amitomacaa<br />

bibliis wignebi yvelaze mimzidveli, ufro<br />

da ufro rom ipyrobs kacTa modgmis gonebas;<br />

mis sibrZneSi wvdomiT adamiani iwyebs Tavis<br />

aucilebelia gagvaCndes ,,mTismieri~ Zala da<br />

qeduxreloba (metismeti moridebuloba xom<br />

erTgvari naklovanebacaa?!). aseTi siamaye, an,<br />

Tu gnebavT _ qedmaRloba, araviTar SemTxvevaca<br />

daixara, Tavi daukra da Tayvani sca dedamiwas;<br />

dedamiwa aizida, aRemarTa da Seegeba cas;<br />

wertili maTi Sexebisa _ mTa sinaisa.<br />

TavSi garkvevas, sakuTari arsebisa da garemomcveli<br />

samyaros Secnobas da am samyaroSi<br />

kuTvnili adgilis povnas.<br />

Si ar ewinaaRmdegeba Cvengan moTxovnil Tav- Toras, Tavisi arsiT, arc dasasruli<br />

irakli (icxak) krixeli<br />

mdablobas; igi ar gaxlavT didgulobisa da aqvs da arc zRvari, igi ,,caTa mwvervalebia...<br />

niu iorki<br />

da moixmo ufalma mose...<br />

zanzarebda.<br />

da naRaris xma sul ufro<br />

da ufro mZlavrdeboda, mose<br />

laparakobda da RmerTi mas xmiT<br />

miugebda.<br />

“bibliaSi, RvTaebrivi samarTlis am wignSi, laparakia xalxze, iseTi maRali rangis sagnebsa da<br />

azrebze, rom arc berZnul da arc indoeTis literaturas ar ZaluZs daupirispiros mas raime.<br />

da ai, dgaxar gaognebuli da TayvaniscemiT aRsavse im giganturi narCenebis winaSe, rac odesRac<br />

da gardmovida ufali sinais<br />

mTaze, mTis Txemze, da moixmo<br />

ufalma mose, da avida mose mTis<br />

iyo adamiani, da eflobi naRvlian fiqrebSi Zveli drois aRmosavleTze...<br />

mwvervalze...<br />

bibliis gageba aris sasinji qva, romelzec mowmdeba yvelaferi _ didic da mcirec.’’<br />

[gamosvlaTa, Tavi 19].<br />

fridrix nicSe<br />

diax, qarTveli ebraelis cnobierebaSi<br />

mkafiod iyo aRbeWdi-<br />

istoriis damRlel mara- Tavisi cxovrebis wesiT yovelT- Caiqoleba an isriT Seimusreba _ li is DdRe, ufali rom gamoecx-<br />

Tonebze, tanjviTa da tragizmiT<br />

Sejerebul aTaswleulebSi,<br />

gamJRavnda ori ganfeniloba<br />

ebrauli sulisa: konkretullokaluri<br />

da zedroul-kosmivis<br />

pirvelisaken ufro ixreboda,<br />

radgan mis warmosaxvaSi gaqvavebuli<br />

iyo sizmareuli xsovna im<br />

Zvelbibliuri cxovrebis xatisa,<br />

oriaTaseqvsasi wlis winaT rom<br />

gina pirutyvi iyos, gina adamiada udabnoSi mis winaprebs, da<br />

ani, cocxali ver gadarCeba. Dda TiTqos Caesmoda mose msjulmde-<br />

rodesac gabmiT Semohkravs buki,<br />

blis sityvebi, Toris miRebisas<br />

maSin amovidnen mTaze.<br />

da Cavida mose mTidan xalx- rom ganucxada uflis sinaTliT<br />

uri; oriveni dRemde erTmaneTis Semoitana mcxeTis sanaxebSi: Tan da akurTxa xalxi da maT dabrmavebul ebraelebs: ‘’dRes<br />

gverdigverd moabijeben, ras- da uTxra ufalma moses: war- ganispetakes samoseli.<br />

iqmeniT Tqven erad, rameTu miiReT<br />

ac Tundac meoce saukunis ori<br />

ebraeli mwerlis _ Semuel agnonisa<br />

da isaak zingeris [nobelis<br />

premiis laureatebi] Semoqmedebaze<br />

zerele Tvalis gadavleba<br />

sdeq xalxTan da ganwminde igi da mimarTa man xalxs: ganemza- Tora...’’ Tora _ e.i. sulieri moZdRes<br />

da xval, da ganispetakon deTMEmesame dRisaTvis da ar<br />

Rvreba.<br />

samoseli.<br />

gaekaroT qals.<br />

da ganemzadon mesame dRisaT-<br />

rogorc vxedavT, es suliere-<br />

da ai, mesame dRes, ganTiadisas,<br />

vis, rameTu mesame dRes gardam- caze gaielva da iWeqa, cis tatba _ ebraelobis, rogorc eris,<br />

adasturebs: Tu pirvelis xedva ova ufali xalxis winaSe sinais nobs ruxi Rrubeli gadaefara, TviT genezisSivea gacxadebuli<br />

zedroul-bibliuri pirvelsaw- mTaze.<br />

da naRaris xma mZlavrad gaisma, da ramdenadme scildeba erisa<br />

yisebisken aris miqceuli, meore,<br />

umetesad, konkretuli garemos<br />

_ e. w. daba-dasaxlebebis<br />

[‘’местечковый’’] umdidresi xalx-<br />

da garemoavle sartyeli da xalxi TrTolviT Seirxa. da erovnulobis Cveneul gagebas,<br />

xalxs da uTxar: ekrZaleT mTaze da gamoiyvana mosem xalxi<br />

rac geografiul-teritoriul<br />

asvlas da ar SeexoT mis kides. banakidan RmerTTan Sesaxvedrad<br />

yoveli, romelic miekareba mas, da daayena mTis Ziras.<br />

Tu sxva lokalur kategoriebzea<br />

uri iumoriTaa STagonebuli. rac sikvdiliT aResruleba.<br />

sinais mTas ki buRi asdioda, dafuZnebuli...<br />

Seexeba saqarTvelos ebraels, igi ukeTu xeli Seexeba mas, qviT viTarca Rumels, da mTeli mTa<br />

j.a.

SoTa bostanaSvili<br />

axali locva<br />

axali locva - interieri<br />

axali locva - fasadi<br />

Zveli locva<br />

Zveli locva - fasadi<br />

daibada 1948 w. qalaq TbilisSi.<br />

1972 wels daamTavra saqarTvelos<br />

politeqnikuri instituti,<br />

arqiteqtoris specialobiT.<br />

saqarTvelos teqnikuri universitetis<br />

sruli profesori,<br />

arqiteqturis saerTaSoriso<br />

akademiebis profesori, wevrkorespondenti,<br />

sruli wevri<br />

(1997-98). saqarTvelos saxelmwifo<br />

premiis da mravali saer-<br />

TaSoriso premiis laureati<br />

(1983, 1985, 1987, 2003, 2006 ww.)<br />

asamde SemoqmedebiTi proeqtisa<br />

da realizaciis avtori.<br />

Rirsebis ordenis kavaleri.<br />

k<br />

v a l i<br />

Cveni beiT mikdaSebi<br />

”moambis” redaqciis survils, rom ganvagrZoT<br />

werilebis seria sinagogebisa da<br />

sasaflaoebis Sesaxeb, - gansakuTrebiT<br />

saqarTvelos teritoriaze arsebuli Zeglebis<br />

garSemo, rogorc konkretuli, ise zogadkulturologiuri<br />

aspeqtebis gaSuqebiT - yvelaferTan<br />

erTad piradi pativiscemis niSnadac<br />

vRebulob da Cems mzadyofnas vucxadeb.<br />

wina werilis saTaurma k/vali, rogorc<br />

Cans kargad imuSava da amitom mas rubrikis<br />

aRmniSvnelad gamoviyenebT.<br />

gazeTis gverdis zeda kuTxeSi dabeWdili<br />

logo - sicocxlis xisa da menoris erTiani<br />

niSani, romelic gauZRveba Cveni werilebis rubrikas,<br />

Seiqmna 1990 wels saqarTvelos ebrael-<br />

Ta materialuri kulturis centris daarsebasTan<br />

dakavSirebiT. centri atarebs cnobili<br />

semitologis, aw gansvenebuli nisan babalikaSvilis<br />

saxels, vinc pirvelma gaikvlia is gza,<br />

romelsac vcdilob movuaro. SemoTavazebuli<br />

logo, romelic misi memorialis grafikuli<br />

adekvatia, pativis migebis simboloc iqneba<br />

didi mecnieris mimarT.<br />

winamdebare werilSi visaubrebT im gadaudebel<br />

problemaze, romelic Seexeba sinagogebis<br />

sadReiso mdgomareobas saqarTveloSi.<br />

ufro sxartad ase vTqvaT: salocavi axla.<br />

salocavi axla ufro didi sazrunavia,<br />

roca is galuTSi darCa. axla saqarTvelo-<br />

Si ocdaerTi sinagoga - salocavi saxlia da<br />

Cvidmeti adgili, sadac es saxlebi dganan. CamovTvaloT<br />

es adgilebi (dasaxlebebi) anbanuri<br />

mimdevrobiT - istoriisTvis: axalcixe, baTumi,<br />

banZa, gori, vani, Tbilisi, kulaSi, lailaSi,<br />

oni, saCxere, soxumi, surami, sujuna, foTi,<br />

qareli, quTaisi, cxinvali. aqve aRvniSnoT,<br />

rom es ricxvi oTxjer naklebia imaze, rac asi<br />

wlis win iyo zaqaria WiWinaZis aRweriT.<br />

axla Cemi ocwliani mecnieruli kvleva-<br />

Ziebis, gamokiTxvis da dakvirvebis Sedegebi<br />

davajgufod sam kategoriad: 1. sinagogebi,<br />

romelTa nakvalevic gaqra (an qreba); 2. sinagogebi,<br />

romlebic dganan da aRar moqmedeben;<br />

3. moqmedi sinagogebi. ganvixiloT es jgufebi<br />

cal-calke da davasaxeloT maT Soris Zeglis<br />

Rirsebis mqone Senobebi, romlebic aseTi<br />

statusis Rirsni arian da mis miniWebas unda<br />

elodnen.<br />

pirvel kategorias (dakarguli sinagogebi)<br />

ganekuTvnebian: Tbilisi (oTxi), cxinvali<br />

(ramdenime), banZa, saCxere (ori), senaki da soxumi<br />

(savaraudod).<br />

meore kategoria (umoqmedo sinagogebi)<br />

- lailaSi, banZa, sujuna, kulaSi (ramdenime),<br />

vani, surami, qareli, axalcixe (ori), foTi, ba-<br />

Tumi, quTaisi (ori) da oni.<br />

mesame kategoria (moqmedi) - Tbilisi<br />

(ori) da quTaisi (erTi), gori (drodadro).<br />

baTumis, goris, foTis da quTaisis sinagogaTa<br />

Senobebi inarCuneben moqmedebas xesedis<br />

funqcionirebis reJimSi. maT ricxvs unda<br />

mivakuTvnoT onis da axalcixis umoqmedo sinagogebic.<br />

sadReisod tradiciuli saxiT da<br />

SemadgenlobiT (rabini, xaxami, Talmidi, gabai<br />

da a.S.) moqmedebas ganagrZobs mxolod Tbilisis<br />

ori sinagoga.<br />

Cveni Semdgomi sistemuri svliT gansakuTrebuli<br />

xuroTmoZRvruli Senobebi aRvniSnoT.<br />

es gaxlavT (pirvel rigSi): axalcixe<br />

(ori), lailaSi, quTaisi (sami), oni. meore rig-<br />

Si: vani, banZa, Tbilisi, baTumi.<br />

ganvixiloT saqarTvelos sinagogebi<br />

TanmimdevrobiT, - xuroTmoZRvruli Rirsebebis<br />

kvalobaze.<br />

axalcixe<br />

axalcixel ebraelTa pirveli sacxovrisi<br />

awyuri gaxldaT. awyuris xids gaRma, cixis<br />

marjvena ferdze, WalaSi dRemde SemorCenilia<br />

ebrauli saflavis qvebi, iseTive or-sam safexuriani<br />

zikuratebi, rogoric axalcixis sasaflaozea<br />

(ix. moambe #1, 2010).<br />

19<br />

semk<br />

axalcixel qarTvel ebraelebs vaxuSti<br />

batoniSvili moixseniebs. zaqaria WiWinaZe axalcixeli<br />

ebraelebis cxovrebas axasiaTebs,<br />

rogorc ”Zlier daqveiTebuls”, ”gaRatakebuls”.<br />

iehuda Corni ki mraval uaryofiT<br />

daxasiaTebas iZleva maTze. ”axalcixeSi erTi<br />

Zveli locvis Senoba vnaxe, romlis aSenebis<br />

dro aravis axsovda, locvis Senobis SigniT,<br />

dasavleTis mxareze mdebare qvaze ki aRniSnuli<br />

iyo aSenebis TariRi 5501 e. i. 1741 - 42<br />

wlebi” - wers iehuda Corni 1870 wels. aseTi<br />

kritikis fonze (miT umetes) aRtacebis Rirsia<br />

is didebuli salocavebi da saflavis qvebi,<br />

romlebic sxva ebraul regionebs am TvalsazrisiT<br />

auferuleben.<br />

axalcixe aSkarad gamoikveTeba, rogorc<br />

saqarTvelos ebraelTa kulturuli centri<br />

yvela niSniT: sinagogebisa da sasaflaoebis<br />

monumenturi arqiteqturiT; TbilisSi sinagogis<br />

pirveli kapitaluri nagebobis - ”axalcixelebis<br />

locvis” mSeneblobiT (1904 - 1913); koboSvilis<br />

ferweriT; saarqivo fotosuraTebze<br />

SemorCenili Cacmulobis kulturiT da saxelganTqmuli<br />

kulinariiT; legendebis SeTxzvisa<br />

da Txrobis unikaluri maneriT; qarTuli enis<br />

siZveleebiT, romelic axalcixel ebraelTa<br />

zepir metyvelebas SemorCa ukanasknel dromde;<br />

da rac mTavaria, sulieri simaRleebiT: Talmid-xaxam-rabinebad<br />

xeldasxmis tradiciuli institutiT;<br />

mTeli Tavisi bunebiT, nebiT, Toris<br />

kiTxvisa Tu saSabaTo simRerebis niguniT.<br />

am axalcixur samyaroSi - rabaTSi -<br />

qalaqis Zvel ubanSi - ebraelTa uZveles dasaxlebaSi<br />

gasuli saukunis oTxmociani wlebis<br />

bolomde (galuTis dasasrulamde) xSirad Sevsulvar.<br />

swored im dros vwerdi: ”rogorc Cans,<br />

axlandeli moqmedi sinagoga, romlis aSenebis<br />

zust TariRs ver mivakvlieT, aSenebuli unda<br />

iyos 1880-ian wlebSi, amas adasturebs Senobis<br />

arqiteqturac (kar-fanjris sapireTa qvis<br />

profilebi). igi warmoadgens qva-kiriT nageb<br />

Senobas da, gansxvavebiT sxva sinagogebisagan,<br />

gamoricxavs yovelgvar ekleqtikas, warmoadgens<br />

klasicisturi xuroTmoZRvrebis nimuSs<br />

da exmianeba uZveles tradiciebs - “sinagogis<br />

wyobaSi unda iyos mkacri ubraloeba”. am sinagogas<br />

axalcixeli ebraelebi moixseniebdnen<br />

saxeliT - “axali locva”.<br />

Senobis zomebia 19.9×15.3 m., simaRle 6.7<br />

m. (saxuraviT 9.7 m.). salocav darbazSi, romlis<br />

farTobia 225.0 m 2 , aRsaniSnavia Zalze SemaRlebuli<br />

Teba (2 m.), sinagogas aqvs qalTa<br />

galerea, romelic gamoirCeva xis aJuruli<br />

kazmulobiT.<br />

rac Seexeba Cornis axalcixur STabe-<br />

Wdilebebs, - savsebiT samarTlianad SeniSnavs<br />

b-ni icxak davidi: ”...rom igi SesaZloa damyareboda<br />

movlenaTa Sefasebis, rogorc zogad<br />

ebraul kriteriumebs, aseve Sida rusulsac”.<br />

axalcixeSi meore brwyinvale sinagogaa<br />

- “Zveli locva” aseve qva-kiriT nagebi. misi<br />

zomebia 13.5×12.5 m., simaRle - 7.3 m. (saxuraviT<br />

10 m.), darbazis farTobia 117.7 m 2 . am SenobaSi<br />

mravali wlis ganmavlobaSi krivis darbazi<br />

iyo gamarTuli. ai ras gvamcnobs gauqmebuli<br />

Sesasvlelis Tavze aRbeWdili warwera: “saxli<br />

uflisa. saxeliTa uflisaTa warmatebiT aigo<br />

axalcixis wminda mrevlis salocavis Senoba<br />

5623” e. i. 1862-63 w. warwera (45) gamoikvlia<br />

nisan babalikaSvilma.<br />

gadaWarbebuli ar iqneba Tu vityviT, rom<br />

axalcixis es Zveli sinagoga arqiteqturis<br />

namdvili Sedevria, xuroTmoZvrebis saxieri<br />

nimuSia, - ara mxolod sinagogaTa Soris da<br />

ara mxolod Cvens teritoriaze - saerTod.<br />

SoTa bostanaSvili<br />

fotosuraTebi da anazomebi Sesrulebulia avtoris mier

20<br />

moambe<br />

niu iorkis "karnegi holisken"<br />

sruliad damsaxurebulad<br />

Temur yviTelaSvilis saxeli kargadaa cnobili sazogadoebisTvis. mis fenomenalur<br />

niWze aRfrTovanebiT wers msoflio presa. virtuozi gitaristi,<br />

ginesis wignis rekordsmeni, romlis saxeli Sesulia ramdenime enciklopediaSi,<br />

Rirsebis ordenis kavaleri, kompozitori, ""didi musikosi"" [mstislav<br />

rostropoviCi], saqarTvelos saukeTeso instrumentalisti - yvela epiTetisa da<br />

musikaluri regaliis CamoTvla Sors wagviyvans. magram erTia, roca sxvebi weren<br />

xelovanze da meore - roca igi TviTon gvesaubreba Tavis Tavze, Semoqmedebaze,<br />

ganvlil cxovrebaze...<br />

maS ase, ramdenime SekiTxva Temur yviTelaSvils:<br />

- Temur, dReisaTvis TqvenisTana<br />

pirovnebas, aseT cnobil da cnobad<br />

saxes, Tavisuflad SeuZlia gadaxedos<br />

Tavis ganvlil cxovrebas. SemoqmedebiTi<br />

biografiiT metad mdidari<br />

xarT. TqvenTvis gamorCeulad mniSvnelovans<br />

ras gaixsenebdiT?<br />

- neba miboZeT, visargeblo SemTxveviT<br />

da uRrmesi madloba vuTxra<br />

yvelas, vinc pativiscema da erTguleba<br />

gamoxata Cemi pirovnebisa da Semoqmedebis<br />

mimarT. gansakuTrebiT ki<br />

maT, vinc Cems gverdiT iyo CemTvis<br />

rTul momentebSi. mogexsenebaT, mTlad<br />

dalxenilad aravin cxovrobs.<br />

aseT dros, udidesi stimulia, rodesac<br />

grZnob adamianTa keTilganwyobas.<br />

vcdilob, yovelTvis da yvelgan gamovxato<br />

maT mimarT madliereba.<br />

vfiqrob, erT-erTi ZiriTadi, rac<br />

adamians da, miT ufro, xelovans moeTxoveba,<br />

aris is, rom yovelTvis iyos<br />

“formaSi,’’ mowesrigebuli, Tavis simaRleze,<br />

Torem 20 wlisac bevri gvinaxavs<br />

‘’daberebuli”, motexili da<br />

“gatexili”. vinmem rom mkiTxos, _ Tavidan<br />

rom daiwyo, ras Secvlidio, _<br />

vupasuxebdi, rom arafers. arasodes<br />

micxovria xelovanisa da musikosis<br />

wesebiT. pirvel rigSi unda iyo _<br />

wesieri, vaJkacuri, sityvis patroni,<br />

erTguli, giyvardes qveyana, ojaxi,<br />

megobrebi da akeTebde xalxisaTvis<br />

sasargeblo saqmes. me Cemi principebiT<br />

Zalian bevrs mivaRwie. amiT, ra<br />

Tqma unda, vamayob. mTlianad TviTnaswavli<br />

musikosi var da mxolod<br />

Cemi disciplinisa da Tavdauzogavi<br />

Sromis Sedegia mTeli Cemi sagitaro<br />

xelovneba. Dda, roca amas xalxic<br />

afasebs, amaze didi bedniereba xom ar<br />

arsebobs... magram aris Cems cxovreba-<br />

Si erTi didi “laqa”. Cems asakSi, Cemi<br />

rangis musikosi, finansurad Zalian<br />

SeZlebulad unda cxovrobdes. ar<br />

ifiqroT, rom Cemi cxovrebis wess<br />

vnanob, _ araviTar SemTxvevaSi! magram,<br />

imdenad ukuRmarTad da arasworad<br />

aris mowyobili Soubiznesi, rom<br />

ar arsebobs didi xelovani didi fuliT.<br />

Mme amaSi Cemma mware gamocdilebam<br />

damarwmuna. magram imeds ar vkargav.<br />

mova dro, mec meqneba saSualeba<br />

qvelmoqmedi gavxde da davexmaro<br />

im adamianebs, visac Cvenze metad<br />

uWirs. Aarc me micxovria dalxenili<br />

cxovrebiT da Tu finansurad fexze<br />

davdgebi, Zalian bevrs Sevuqmni ada-<br />

mianuri cxovrebis pirobebs...<br />

dReisaTvis Tavaweuli, garkveuli<br />

siamayis grZnobiTac ki davdivar:<br />

moviare TiTqmis mTeli msoflio,<br />

vukrav prestiJul darbazebSi, var<br />

ramdenime brendis saxe, davimsaxure<br />

Zalian bevri tituli da Tavisuflad<br />

vambob: Cemi kariera, rogorc xelovanisa,<br />

Sedga. im pirobebSi, romelSic<br />

me gavizarde, amis miRweva TiTqmis<br />

SeuZlebeli iyo. damerwmuneT, erTaderTi<br />

Tu ara, erT-erTi mainc var,<br />

romelmac msgavs viTarebaSi aseT<br />

warmatebas miaRwia...<br />

- Tavad veswrebodi 2010 wlis 20<br />

ianvars Tqvens solo-koncerts Tbilisis<br />

filarmoniaSi, romelmac Tavbrudamxvevi<br />

warmatebiT Caiara. koncerti<br />

faqtiurad Tqveni meeqvse albomis prezentacia<br />

iyo. kidev erTxel gilocavT<br />

axali albomis gamoSvebas. albaT<br />

gaqvT saTqmeli am koncertisa da<br />

am albomis Sesaxeb.<br />

- Zalian bevri. Udidi madloba<br />

am SekiTxvisTvis. minda giTxraT,<br />

rom saqarTveloSi bevri momRerali<br />

da solisti ver daitrabaxebs, rom<br />

Catarebuli hqondes 6 solo-koncerti<br />

filarmoniis did sakoncerto<br />

darbazSi da erTic konservatoriis<br />

did darbazSi. bednieri var, rom Cemi<br />

meeqvse koncertis damfinansebelia<br />

kompania “magTikomi”. uRrmesi madloba<br />

b-n gia joxTaberiZes _ kompaniis<br />

damfuZnebels, romelmac yvelaferi<br />

gaakeTa, rom aseTi yofiliyo diskis<br />

dizaini da gamocema, diskis prezentacia,<br />

Cemi preskonferencia, mTeli PR<br />

aqcia, scenis gaformeba da Tavad koncerti<br />

_ aseTi fantastikuri da grandiozuli.<br />

es yvelaferi dedis-ciala<br />

yviTelaSvilis-xsovnas mivuZRveni,<br />

romelsac yvelaze metad gaexardeboda<br />

es dRe. raoden saamayoa CemTvis,<br />

rom yvelaferma aseT doneze Caiara.<br />

- cota xnis win Tbilisis ebraul<br />

saTemo saxlSi Tqveni niWis bevrma<br />

Tayvanismcemelma moiyara Tavi da<br />

gamoxata didi siyvaruli da pativiscema<br />

Tqvens mimarT. Tqven es Sexvedra<br />

dedis xsovnas miuZRveniT. ras gaixsenebdiT<br />

Tqveni bavSvobidan?<br />

- Tbilisis ebrauli saxli is adgilia,<br />

yovelTvis didi siamovnebiT<br />

rom mivdivar xolme. minda guliTadi<br />

madloba vuTxra am Tbil saxls,<br />

sadac orjer momiwyves Semoqmedebi-<br />

Ti saRamo. am saxlis mesveurebi mar-<br />

gazeTi Seicavs Toris wminda sityvebs. gTxovT gaufrTxildeT!<br />

Tlac gamorCeulad did, keTilSobilur<br />

saqmianobas ewevian. aq bevri megobari<br />

myavs, gulwrfelad rom uxariaT<br />

Cemi yoveli warmateba. rac Seexeba<br />

Cems rigiT meore SemoqmedebiT<br />

saRamos ebraul saxlSi, vityvi, rom<br />

es iyo siyvaruliT, simpaTiiTa da<br />

siTboTi savse saRamo. SeiZleba adamianma<br />

100 weli icocxlos da pativi<br />

ver miiRos xalxisagan. Mme ki amas<br />

yovel fexis nabijze vgrZnob. madloba<br />

yvelas, vinc movida, vinc taSi damikra...<br />

es saRamoc dedis xsovnas mivuZRveni.<br />

SesaZloa, cota sevdiani<br />

elferi Warbobda, magram asec unda<br />

yofiliyo. raki ebraul saxlze Camovarda<br />

sityva, gavixseneb, rom erTxel<br />

dedam misayvedura, _ ra aris,<br />

rom arc erT ebraul nawarmoebs ar<br />

asrulebo? araferi mipasuxia, Tumca<br />

ganawyenebisa da gulistkivilis mizezi<br />

ki mqonda: me, dediTa da mamiT<br />

ebraels, aranairi yuradReba ar migrZvnia<br />

Cemi Tvistomebisagan. ar minda<br />

davijero, magram, albaT, mainc Surs<br />

unda mivawero. Cemi rom kacs SeSurdeba?!<br />

mamiT oboli, ufulo, upatrono<br />

adamianisa, romelmac miuxedavad yvelafrisa<br />

mainc amdens miaRwia. xuTive<br />

kontinentze var namyofi, israelSi ki<br />

erTxelac ar mivuwvevivarT koncertis<br />

Casatareblad...<br />

ra Tqma unda, iyo “gamonaTebebic:’’<br />

verasodes daviviwyeb cnobili<br />

mewarmisa da qvelmoqmedis merab<br />

elaSvilis sikeTes, romelic yvelaze<br />

kritikul momentebSi ZmasaviT amomidga<br />

mxarSi. aseve madlobiT minda<br />

movixsenio SoTa kezeraSvilis, merab<br />

CanCalaSvilis, simon da mixeil ka-<br />

Jilotebis saxelebi...<br />

roca dedaCems janmrTeloba<br />

Seerya, maSinRa gadavwyvite “hava nagila”<br />

damemuSavebina. es dedas mivuZRveni<br />

da albomSic miweria, rom eZRvneba<br />

ciala yviTelaSvils. mixaria, rom<br />

mis sicocxleSi movaswari am nawarmoebis<br />

did scenaze gamotana.<br />

...Cemi bavSvoba ki kargad maxsovs.rTuli<br />

cxovreba gaviare. mama<br />

adre gardagvecvala da deda yvelanairad<br />

cdilobda, CvenTvis obloba<br />

ar egrZnobinebina. vafaseb meidans,<br />

puris moedans, “klorTaRs” rom eZaxian,-<br />

Cems mSobliur ubans. Tbilisi<br />

ase Zalian imitom miyvars, rom aq adamians<br />

erovnebis mixedviT ar afaseben,<br />

aq yvela religiasa da erovnebas scemen<br />

pativs. esaa Cemi qalaqis madli.<br />

- arasodes damaviwydeba didi siurprizi<br />

20 ianvris koncertze-umcrosi<br />

Temur yviTelaSvilis gamoCena<br />

scenaze gitariT xelSi da is mquxare<br />

aplodismentebi, mis Sesrulebas<br />

rom mohyva. bevrisaTvis es samomavlo<br />

ganacxadi iyo. ras fiqrobs mama amis<br />

Sesaxeb?<br />

- Temuri jer kidev Zalian patara<br />

iyo, saTamaSo gitaras xelidan rom ar<br />

uSvebda. sul RiRinebda. mis xelebsa<br />

da TiTebs raRaca gansakuTrebulobas<br />

vamCnevdi... ager ukve ori welia mosveneba<br />

aRar maqvs. dReSi SeiZleba 100<br />

SekiTxva momces. yvela Canaweri zepirad<br />

icis. pirveli frazidanve cnobs,<br />

romeli gitaristi ukravs. “daisi”-s<br />

Sesruleba mis asakSi didi miRwevaa.<br />

me vTvli, rom man SeuZlebeli SeZlo.<br />

Tqven Tavad naxeT: taSi ar damcxrala.<br />

daufasda Sroma. Tu moindomebs<br />

da disciplinac maRal doneze eqneba,<br />

skolaSi swavlasa da gitaras kargad<br />

SeuTavsebs erTmaneTs. momavali<br />

gviCvenebs.Yyvela monacemi aqvs. me yvelanairad<br />

Sevuwyob xels.<br />

- msoflios TiTqmis yvela did<br />

qveyanaSi gaqvT gamarTuli koncertebi.<br />

A romel koncerts gamohyofdiT<br />

da kidev romel qveyanaSi isurvebdiT<br />

Tqveni Semoqmedebis wardgenas?<br />

- xelovani adamianisTvis nebismieri<br />

qveyana sapasuxismgeblo unda<br />

iyos. artisti yvelgan erTnairi pasuxismgeblobiT,<br />

gulwrfelad unda<br />

wardges, erTnairad daixarjos. amas<br />

msmeneli umalve amCnevs. pirvel rig-<br />

Si, Cems usayvarles Tbiliss gamovyofdi,<br />

Semdeg ki _ amerikis SeerTebul<br />

Statebs - sagitaro xelovnebis<br />

meqas. razec 30 wlis win vocnebobdi,<br />

rac wignebsa da enciklopediebSi<br />

wamikiTxavs, Rm-rTma damajildova da<br />

yvela am qveyanaSi da yvela am darbazSi<br />

gamovedi. ramdenime maTgans<br />

mainc gamovyofdi. esenia niu iorkis<br />

“Birdland”-i da “Iridium”-i (legendarul<br />

les polTan erTad), los-anjelesis<br />

“The Baked Potato”, “La Velle” da sxva.<br />

23 ivniss ki koncerti maqvs im darbazSi,<br />

romelzedac msoflios yvela<br />

didi musikosi ocnebobs. es gaxlavT<br />

niu iorkis “karnegi holi”. RvTis<br />

madliT, es dRec dadgeba, koncerti<br />

Catardeba da kidev erTi bednieri<br />

furceli Caiwereba Cems SemoqmedebiT<br />

biografiaSi. ai, maSin ki vityvi,<br />

rom “samarTalma puri Wama”. patroni<br />

rom myoloda da finansurad wel-<br />

Si gamarTuli vyofiliyavi, es didi<br />

xniT adre moxdeboda. magram ras<br />

izam. sjobs, swori gziT iaro da mizans<br />

ise miaRwio, rom saxeli da reputacia<br />

SeubRalavi gqondes.<br />

- dRes Temur yviTelaSvili<br />

msoflioSi aRiarebuli virtuozi<br />

gitaristi, ginesis wignis rekordsmenia.<br />

werT musikas, SesaniSnavad mReriT,<br />

atarebT masterklasebs. kidev<br />

ris gakeTebas isurvebdiT?<br />

rac mainteresebda, TiTqmis yvela<br />

stilis musika Sevasrule: msoflio<br />

klasikis nimuSebi (baxi, mocarti,<br />

Sopeni, Suberti, paganini, rimskikorsakovi<br />

da sxva), jazi, roki, fiuJeni<br />

da, ra Tqma unda, qarTuli musika.<br />

saqarTveloSi pirvelma [1977 wlidan]<br />

daviwye qarTuli klasikuri Sedevrebis<br />

da Tanamedrove kompozitorebis<br />

nawarmoebTa damuSaveba eleqtro<br />

gitarisaTvis. warmoudgeneli da<br />

bevrisTvis Sokismomgvrelic ki iyo<br />

gitaraze z. faliaSvilis “daisis”<br />

uvertiurisa da “sacekvaos” mosmena,<br />

v. doliZis “sacekvao”, r. laRiZis<br />

“saWidao”, “Tbiliso”, s. cincaZis “xorumi”,<br />

aseve “janaia”, “moxuci fostalionis<br />

simRera”, “rodesac gicqer”,<br />

“yvavilebis qveyana” da sxva mravali.<br />

gitaraze am nawarmoebTa aJRerebas<br />

sruliad gansxvavebuli midgoma, azrovneba<br />

da gasaRebi sWirdeboda. Rm-<br />

Tma momca saamiso Zala da unari...sakuTar<br />

musikasac bevrs vwer. “karnegi<br />

holSi” ZiriTadad Cemi kompoziciebi<br />

Sesruldeba.<br />

- Temur, Cveni axlo urTierToba<br />

uflebas maZlevs xmamaRla ganvacxado:<br />

moxibluli var Tqveni adamianuri<br />

TvisebebiT, obieqturobiT, principuli<br />

xasiaTiT. bevrjer Sevswrebivar,<br />

ra aRfrTovanebuli epiTetebiT gamkoben<br />

isinic ki, vinc pirvelad gxvdebian,<br />

rogor eamayebiT qarTvelebsac<br />

da ebraelebsac. damerwmuneT, es didi<br />

simdidrea xelovanisaTvis. meTanxmebiT?<br />

- es siyvaruli da pativiscema<br />

ufro mets mavalebs. moridebuloba<br />

da Tavmdabloba kargia, magram sakuTari<br />

Tavis fasic vici. Mminda meti<br />

gavakeTo da Cemi SemoqmedebiT siamovneba<br />

mivaniWo msmenelebs. dafaseba<br />

da aRiareba SemTxveviT, SekveTiT<br />

da “TamaSiT” ki ara _ wlobiT, TandaTanobiT,<br />

etapobrivad modis. xalxi<br />

marto SesrulebiT ar gafasebs (Sesruleba,<br />

rasakvirvelia umaRles<br />

doneze unda iyos!), pirovnuli Tvisebebi<br />

aasmagebs adamianis Rirsebas.<br />

erTi ki Rrmad mwams: Cemi cxovrebis<br />

wesiT aravin unda Sevawuxo da<br />

davazaralo. mTavaria swori xedva da<br />

principebi. aseTma cxovrebam mimiyvana<br />

niu iorkis “karnegi holamde”, sadac<br />

2010 wlis 23 ivniss Catardeba Cemi solo-koncerti.<br />

- warmatebas gisurvebT, raSic<br />

eWvi ar gvepareba!<br />

esaubra<br />

zaira davaraSvili<br />

Tbilisi

Sexvedra kabalasTan<br />

fragmentebi profesor reuven enoxis saubridan<br />

mecnier kabalist mixeil laitmanTan<br />

r.e.: gamarjoba rav laitman.<br />

m.l.: gamarjoba.<br />

r.e.: pativi maqvs dRes Cemi stumari<br />

iyoT. iqneb jer sjobda Cemi Tavi<br />

warmomedgina. Cemi saxelia reuven<br />

enoxi, var radio ”kol israel”-is<br />

(israelis xmis) qarTuli ganyofilebis<br />

ufrosi. garda amisa var arielis<br />

sauniversiteto centris arCeuli leqtori.<br />

am bolo dros rogorc Cemi radiomsmenelebi,<br />

aseve Cemi studentebi<br />

did interess iCenen kabalis da saer-<br />

Tod, Tqvens mier gaweuli saqianobis<br />

mimarT da ai, bolos da bolos SesaZlebloba<br />

momeca rom SegxvdeT da<br />

mogisminoT.<br />

me aq movedi rogorc gulubryvilo<br />

adamiani, romelmac TiTqos araferi<br />

icis kabalis Sesaxeb. Tavdapirvelad<br />

msurs movismino nawyvetebi Tqveni biografidan.<br />

m.l.: ubralo biografiaa. me 1946<br />

wels belorusiis patara qalaq vitebskSi<br />

davibade.<br />

r.e.: (mark) Sagalis qalaqi...<br />

m.l.: diax, Sagalis... Cemi dedac da<br />

mamac eqimebi iyvnen. SeiZleba iTqvas<br />

rom uzrunveli bavSvoba mqonda.<br />

amasTan erTad yovelTvis msurda sicocxlis<br />

saidumloebis Sesaxeb Semetyo<br />

rame. raRac ZiriTadi, arsebiTi...<br />

sicocxlis programis, masSi moqmedi<br />

Zalebis, cxovrebis arsis Sesaxeb. ase<br />

movxvdi leningradis universitetis<br />

biologiuri da samedicino kibernetikis<br />

fakultetze, sadac skolis Semdeg<br />

wavedi saswavleblad. imedi mqonda,<br />

rom swored iq momecemoda sicocxlis<br />

meqanizmebis, bunebis marTvis sistemis<br />

Seswavlisa da gamokvlevis saSualeba,<br />

magram swavlis dasrulebis Semdegac<br />

kiTxva sicocxlis saidumlos Sesaxeb<br />

CemSi upasuxod darCa.<br />

r.e.: sainteresoa, rom bevri<br />

swored am sferoSi – kibernetikaSi<br />

moRvawe adamiani midis sicocxlis<br />

saidumloebaTa Ziebamde...<br />

m.l.: Cems SemTxvevaSi es piriqiTaa.<br />

me am Ziebam mimiyvana kibernetikamde.<br />

mogvianebiT leningradis samxedro<br />

medicinis akademiaSi daviwye muSaoba,<br />

iq doqtoratis weras Sevudeqi, magram<br />

maleve Tavi davanebe, radgan im periodSi<br />

sabWoTa kavSiridan gamosvlis<br />

SesaZlebloba gaCnda. oTxi wlis uaris<br />

Semdeg bolos da bolos dadebiTi<br />

pasuxi miviRe da israelSi iom qifuris<br />

omis periodSi, 1973 wels amovedi.<br />

ganzrax vaicmanis institutis maxloblad,<br />

qalaq rexovoTSi davsaxldi.<br />

imedi mqonda rom aq Cemi profesiiT<br />

gavagrZelebdi kvlevas, magram amaod.<br />

muSaobac daviwye, rac ar unda iyos,<br />

absorbciis pirveli etapi unda gad-<br />

amelaxa.<br />

mTeli am xnis ganmavlobaSi Zieba<br />

ar Semiwyvetia. gavicani uamravi adamiani,<br />

garkveuli periodi vswavlobdi<br />

organizacia „xabadis“ sofelSi, rav<br />

fiSerTan, mas Semdeg ierusalimSi,<br />

rav zilbermanTan, ufro mogvianebiT<br />

baba salisTan. es Zieba didi xani,<br />

daaxloebiT oTxi weli grZeldeboda,<br />

sanam Cems momaval maswavlebels<br />

ar mivageni bnei-brakSi, rabaSs - rav<br />

barux halevi aSlags, baal sulamis<br />

ufros vaJs. baal sulami cnobilia,<br />

rogorc wigni „zoharis“ „sulamis”<br />

komentarebis („peruS hasulam le<br />

sefer hazohar“) avtori.<br />

dRevandel dResaviT maxsovs Cemi<br />

da rabaSis pirveli Sexvedra. me mis<br />

pirdapir vijeqi. man wigni gadaSala,<br />

kiTxva da TandaTanobiT axsna daiwyo.<br />

xuTi wuTis Semdeg ukve vicodi, rom<br />

es Cemi adgili iyo. gulis siRrmeSi<br />

vigrZeni, rom mas verasodes movcildebodi.<br />

mivxvdi, rom cxovrebaSi<br />

amis garda sxva araferi arsebobs da<br />

mTeli msoflio da yovelive rac kacobriobaSi<br />

xdeba Seqmnilia molod<br />

imisaTvis, raTa am Sinagani wertilis<br />

samosi gamxdariyo.<br />

rabaSi maSin 74 wlis moxuci iyo.<br />

me mis gverdiT 12 weli gavatare. mas<br />

arasodes gaucruebia Cemi imedebi<br />

Cveni swavlis da saerTod Cemi masTan<br />

yofnis mTel periodSi.<br />

r.e.: Tuki nebas momcemT vityvi, rom<br />

Tqvenc ar gagicruebiaT misi imedebi,<br />

aramed misi gza saukeTesod gaagrZeleT.<br />

m.l.: imedia rom es marTlac asea.<br />

Cven marTlac erTad vmoqmedebT, is<br />

da me, is Cemi meSveobiT. ase rom misi<br />

sicocxlis bolomde mis gverdiT viyavi<br />

rogorc misi TanaSemwe, mdivani<br />

da moswavle. man Cems xelSi dalia<br />

suli. mas Semdeg, 1991 wels Camovayalibe<br />

saswavlo centri ”bnei baruxi”.<br />

es aris kabalis Semswavleli saerTa-<br />

Soriso akademia, saganmanaTleblo<br />

centri...<br />

r.e.: iqneb swored aqedan dagvewyo.<br />

arsebobs akademia, SeiZleba iTqvas<br />

”msoflio akademia”.<br />

m.l.: diax, akademiis muSaoba 37<br />

enaze mimdinareobs, gvyavs or milionze<br />

meti studenti da msmeneli<br />

mTels msoflioSi...<br />

r.e.: ar mindoda aq amis motana, magram<br />

iqneb israelSi madonas CamosvliTaa<br />

ganpirobebuli Cems msmenelebs<br />

Soris kabaliT aseTi didi daintereseba?<br />

m.l.: es SesaniSnavi magaliTia imisa<br />

Tu ra ar aris kabala.<br />

kabala aris qmnilebisaTvis (ada-<br />

mianisaTvis) Semqmnelis amqveynad gamovlenis<br />

meTodika. aseTia kabalis<br />

ganmarteba. ra Tqma unda, arsebobs<br />

ufro farTo, ufro mecnieruli ganmartebac,<br />

magram jerjerobiT amas<br />

davjerdeT.<br />

kabala Tavis saTaves abraamis<br />

da nimrodis dros, Zvel babilonSi<br />

iRebs. abraamma aRmoaCina Semqnelis<br />

Secnobis meTodi, romelic erT yovlismomcvel<br />

princips, safuZvels emyareboda<br />

– „giyvardes moyvasi Seni<br />

rogorc Tavi Seni“ („veahavTa lereaxa<br />

qamoxa“) da Seecada es codna yvela<br />

babilonelas Soris gaevrcelebina.<br />

am ideiT gaerTianebuli xalxisagan<br />

Camoyalibda ebraeli eri. amitomac<br />

ewoda ers SemdgomSi ”israel” - iaSar<br />

el (pirdapir Semqmnelisaken). esaa mizani,<br />

mivaRwioT Semqmnels, gavxdeT<br />

misi msgavsi.<br />

r.e.: rav laitman, Cems radiomsnelebs<br />

Soris bevri morwmune adamiania.<br />

morwmune Tu ara, tradiciebis damcveli<br />

mainc. maT swamT is, rom kabala,<br />

wigni „zohari“ da raSbi (rabi Simon<br />

bar ioxai) erTmaneTTan mWidro kav-<br />

SirSia da axla Tqven mas eubnebiT,<br />

rom kabala mama abraamis droindelia.<br />

m.l.: diax, mama abraamis, radgan<br />

man Tavis droze kabalis wigni ”sefer<br />

haiecira” (Seqmnis wigni) dawera.<br />

r.e.: gamodis, rom wigni „zohari“<br />

kabalis mxolod erTi gamovlinebaa.<br />

m.l.: diax, es asea.<br />

r.e.: mindoda TqvenTvis mekiTxa:<br />

SesaZloa Tu ara, rom erTis mxriv kabala<br />

TanaxSi moTxrobili da CvenTvis<br />

dafaruli movlenebis gaSifrvaSi<br />

gvexmareba, xolo, meores mxriv, Tanaxi<br />

kabalis gasaxsnel gasaRebs, mas-<br />

Si ufro Rrmad Cawvdomis saSualebas<br />

gvaZlevs? saboloo jamSi ra kav-<br />

Siria kabalasa da Tanaxs Soris?<br />

m.l.: TviT Tanaxi, iseve rogorc<br />

ebraelTa yvela wminda wigni sxva<br />

araferia, Tu ara kabala. am wignebs<br />

wminda imitom ewodeba, rom isini samyaros<br />

im nawilis Sesaxeb mogviTxroben,<br />

romelic Cvengan dafarulia.<br />

”siwmindes” ebraulad hqvia ”kodeS”.<br />

”kadoS” - sityvidan ”gansakuTrebuli,<br />

gankerZoebuli”, TiTqosda mowyvetili,<br />

sadRac arsebuli.<br />

da marTlac, ris Sesaxeb<br />

mogviTxrobs Tora? ra unda daewera<br />

CvenTvis moSe rabeinus?<br />

r.e.: rac Semqmnelma ukarnaxa.<br />

m.l.: da ra unda ekarnaxa Semqmnels?<br />

ebraeli xalxis istoria? is<br />

rac maT udabnoSi gamoiares?<br />

r.e.: me pasuxs Tqvengan veli.<br />

m.l.: sityva adami sityvisagan<br />

„dome“ – msgavsi modis, anu Semqmnelis<br />

msgavsi. sabolood adamiani mas unda<br />

daemsgavsos, Semqmneli unda gamoavlinos.<br />

rogorc sweria ”dabrundiT<br />

israelis Svilebo SemqmnelTan da<br />

yvela micnobdes dawyebuli pataridan<br />

da damTavrebuli didiT” („Suvu bnei<br />

israel ad haSem elokexa ve qulam<br />

idu oTi miktanam ve ad gdolam“). es<br />

aris adamianis arsi da daniSnuleba<br />

da amaze dawera moSe rabeinum, Tumca<br />

faruli formiT. Tora gansakuTrebuli<br />

da unikaluri wigni swored imitomaa,<br />

rom am wigns safuZvlad Semqmnelis<br />

gamovlena udevs. esaa misi mizani.<br />

rac Seexeba wign zohars, is Toris<br />

ufro Rrma komentars warmoadgens.<br />

ToraSi moTxrobili da aRwerili<br />

ambebi, rCevebi, tradiciebi da kanonebi<br />

erTi SexedviT gare, anu fizikur samyaros<br />

SeiZleba mivakuTvnoT (TiTqos<br />

laparakia adamianebze, Cvens sxeulebze),<br />

kabala ki gvixsnis, rom ToraSi<br />

laparakia sulze, sulier samyaroze,<br />

romelic adamianis yvelaze Rrma, Sinagani<br />

samyaroa, magram, romelsac<br />

Cven Cvens Cveulebriv mdgomareobaSi<br />

ver vgrZnobT. kabalis Seswavlis sagani<br />

swored es umaRlesi, sulieri<br />

sayaroa, romelic marTavs Cvens sam-<br />

21<br />

semk<br />

yaros. anu ubralo sityvebiT rom<br />

vTqvaT, kabala aris adamianis mier<br />

umaRlesi Zalis – Semqmnelis Secnobis<br />

meTodika.<br />

Toris kiTxvisas Cven masSi istoriul<br />

moTxrobas vxedavT. magram Tuki<br />

Cven am sityvebs ufro Sinagan datvirTvas<br />

vaZlevT, maSin maTi Sinagani<br />

azri gvixatavs sxva suraTs – ZalTa<br />

badis suraTs, romelic marTavs Cvens<br />

samyaros. ese igi, gare moTxrobis<br />

miRma wignis Sinagani, namdvili arsis<br />

danaxvas viwyebT.<br />

zustad iseve, rogorc, ai, exla<br />

televizoris ekrans vxedavT. am ekranze<br />

garkveuli suraTi xatia, magram<br />

am suraTis miRma eleqtronuli Zalebi<br />

moqmedebs, romlebic am suraTs<br />

qmnis. swored es Zalebia CvenTvis<br />

mniSvnelovani da ara TviT suraTi.<br />

Zalianac rom gvindodes, SeuZlebelia<br />

am suraTis Secvla Tuki mis ukan<br />

mdgom Sinagan Zalebs ar mivmarTavT<br />

da maTze ar movaxdenT zemoqmedebas.<br />

Torac swored imas mogviTxrobs, Tu<br />

rogor SeiZleba im Sinagan Zalebs<br />

mivaRwioT, romlebic „cxovrebiseul<br />

suraTs“ (Cvens samyaros) gvixatavs,<br />

rogor SegviZlia sinamdvileSi<br />

SevcvaloT Cveni realoba am Zalebis<br />

meSveobiT da amiT rogor aviyvanoT<br />

Cveni Tavi im doneze, iq, sadac gadawyvetilebebis<br />

miReba xdeba.<br />

r.e.: e.i. kabalas Cveni realobis,<br />

Cveni cxovrebis Secvla SeuZlia.<br />

m.l.: diax, da es sibrZne swored<br />

axlaa Zalian aqtualuri, rameTu<br />

Cven dRes Zveli babilonis msgavs<br />

mdgomareobaSi vimyofebiT da kvlav<br />

gvesaWiroeba kabalis gamoyenebiT<br />

mivaRwioT erTianobas. principma –<br />

„giyvardes moyvasi Seni rogorc Tavi<br />

Seni”, romlis mixedviTac Camoyalibda<br />

ebraeli eri, dRes isev unda gagvaerTianos<br />

Cven erTi fesvis, erTi Zalis<br />

Sesacnobad da mis misaRwevad.<br />

r.e.: me pativi maqvs davasrulo<br />

gadacema. ratom vambob pativi maqvs<br />

– meTqi? imitom rom vimedovneb, rom<br />

Cvens saubars gavagrZlebT.<br />

m.l.: didi siamovnebiT. momaval<br />

Sexvedramde.<br />

r.e.: isRa damrCenia, uRrmesi madloba<br />

gadagixadoT... momaval Sexvedramde.<br />

gadacema translirebuli iyo 66–e<br />

sakabelo arxze.<br />

“moambis” redaqciisagan: moxaruli<br />

viqnebiT gazeTis furclebi kvlavac<br />

davuTmoT nebismier kompetentur pirs<br />

(sasuliero moRvawe iqneba is Tu mecnieri)<br />

an organizacias, romelic moisurvebs<br />

Cvens gazeTSi kabalaze damatebiTi<br />

informaciis, statiebis an kabalisturi<br />

pirvelwyaroebis qarTuli Targmanebis<br />

gamoqveynebas.<br />

“Toris Seswavlis 70 gza arsebobs,<br />

- uTqvams erT did rabins, - maT Soris<br />

erT-erTia dumili”.<br />

`moambe~ - saqarTvelos ebraelTa msoflio<br />

kongresis yovelTviuri gazeTi.<br />

mTavari redaqtori: jemal ajiaSvili<br />

saredaqcio kolegia:<br />

gerSon ben-oreni (wiwuaSvili), cisana<br />

Samir-biniaSvili, Tamar kezeraSvili,<br />

izolda krixeli, eTer fiCxaZe, nugzar<br />

janaSvili.<br />

dakabadoneba da dizaini:<br />

levan ajiaSvili<br />

calkeul SemTxvevebSi SesaZloa redaqcia<br />

ar iziarebdes avtoris Sexedulebebs.<br />

ebraul sakuTar saxelTa xmarebisas,<br />

saTemo gazeTis specifikidan gamomdinare,<br />

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, upiratesobas<br />

TemSi damkvidrebul tradicias<br />

vaniWebT.<br />

redaqciis misamarTi:<br />

Tel-avivi, dizingofis q. 50, 64332.<br />

tel.: +972 3 620 45 57<br />

faqsi: +972 3 620 45 73<br />

veb misamarTi: www.georgianjews.org<br />

el. fosta: wcje1@netvision.net.il

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