world catalogue and bibliography of the recent pycnogonida

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1976 Achelia echinata, - WOLFF, Netherlands J. Sea Res., 10 (4): 473-474, fig. 2b
(distribution in estuary).
1978 Achelia echinata, - CHIMENZ-GUSSO, FRESI, CINELLI, MAZZELLA, PANSINI &
PRONZATO, Mem. Biol. Mar. Ocean., 8 (4): 98.
1980 Achelia echinata, - MUNILLA LEON, Cah. Biol. Mar., 21: 115-121, figs. 1-3,
tab. I (anual development and reproduction).
1981 Achelia echinata, - MUNILLA & de HARO, - Bijdr. Dierk., 51 (2): 191-197,
fig. 3, 11, tab. I (electrophoretical and immunological study).
1983 Achelia echinata, - KRAPP, Bonn. zool. Beitr., 34 (1-3): 408.
1983 Achelia echinata, - NAKAMURA & CHILD, Smiths. Contr. Zool., 386: 7-8.
1984 Achelia echinata sinensis, - KIM, J. Kangreung Natn. Univ., 7: 537, fig. 7ai.
1984 Achelia echinata, - MUNILLA & de HARO, in: Els sistemes naturals de les
illes Medes, ROS, OLIVELLA & GILI eds., Barcelona: 531-535, fig. 1, tab I-
IV.
1986 Achelia echinata sinensis, - KIM & HONG, Kor. J. Syst. Zool., 2 (2): 2 (2):
46.
1986 Achelia echinata, - STOCK, Bull. mar. Sci., 38 (3): 400 tab. 1.
1987 Achelia echinata, - ARNAUD, Mesogee, 47: 38.
1987 Achelia echinata, - BITAR, Bull. Inst. Sci., Rabat, 11: 163.
1987 Achelia echinata sinensis, - HONG & KIM, Kor. J. Syst. Zool., 3 (2): 141-
142.
1987 Achelia echinata sinensis, - NAKAMURA, Biol. Lab., Imperial Household: 19-
21, pl. 17.
1987 Achelia echinata, - SANCHEZ & MUNILLA, Vieraea, 17: 182.
1987 Achelia echinata, - STOCK, Cah. Biol. Mar., 28: 506.
1989 Achelia echinata, - SCHÜLLER, Bonn. zool. Beitr., 40 (3/4): 287 [tab. 1, 2],
291, 293 (phenology).
1990 Achelia echinata, - STOCK, Zool. Meded., 63 (16): 217.
1991 Achelia echinata sinensis, - Smiths. Contr. Zool., 512: 5.
1992 Achelia echinata, - PÉREZ-RUZAFA, A. & T. MUNILLA, Sci. Mar., 56 (1): 23.
1993 Achelia echinata, - HARMS, Helgoländer Meeresuntersuch., 47: 24, tab. 3.
Distribution: in boreal waters of the N-Atlantic,
Mediterranean and NW-Pacific.
Depth range: 0-336m.
Habitat: In a variety of substrata, often very abundant;
Cystoseira adriatica, Halopteris; Laurencia obtusa;
Dictyobteris membranacea; Peyssonelia squamaria; Sargassum
linifolium (algae); Posidonia (seagrass); feeds on Flustra
foliacea, Dynamene pumila (hydroids) and on detritus in Bugula
colonies; ectocommensal on Eunicella; on Suberites spp. and
Diazona violacea; amongst hydroids on top of boulder; amongst
mud; amongst red weed; amongst Serturella, Lepralia and
commensals on top of boulder; tunicates on gravel and sand;
amongst sponges, polyzoa, tunicates and Serturella; amongst
Luidia, Cellaria and debris; amongst epiphytes on Pecten; on
Dynamena pumila and Flustra foliacea and feeds on the latter
polyzoan by thrusting its proboscis into the operculum when it
opens.
Achelia euchelata (HEDGPETH 1940)
1940 Ammothea euchelata HEDGPETH, J. Wash. Acad. Sci., 30 (2): 84-86, fig. 1.