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Атя <br />

гръчя<br />

ък


я<br />

35 , 2% <br />

()


я<br />

<br />

• foramen magnum L2 (L3 )<br />

• :<br />

– Foramen magnum<br />

– Decussatio pyramidum<br />

– я І <br />

• ,<br />

S2


я<br />

• - (d = 1 m)<br />

• - 45 / 42 <br />

• я<br />

intumescentia cervicalis (C 5 -T 1 )<br />

intumescentia lumbosacralis (L 1 -S 2 )<br />

• <br />

conus medullaris (L2)


я<br />

Fissura mediana ventralis<br />

- a. spinalis anterior<br />

Sulcus ventrolateralis<br />

- , <br />

Sulcus dorsolateralis<br />

- , <br />

Sulcus intermedius dorsalis<br />

- ( 5 )<br />

Sulcus medianus dorsalis<br />

- , septum medianum dorsale


Conus medullaris (L2)<br />

Cauda equina<br />

Fissura mediana ventralis<br />

Sulcus ventrolateralis


Sulcus medianus<br />

dorsalis<br />

Sulcus<br />

dorsolateralis<br />

Sulcus intermedius<br />

dorsalis<br />

<br />

Fasciculus<br />

cuneatus<br />

Fasciculus<br />

gracilis


я<br />

Зя<br />

1. Ligamenta denticulata<br />

- ,<br />

dura mater<br />

2. Filum terminale<br />

- ,<br />

я os coccygis<br />

3. <br />

- foramen intervertebrale; -<br />

я


я <br />

Periosteum <br />

- Cavitas epiduralis - я ална аня<br />

Dura mater spinalis<br />

Arachnoidea mater spinalis<br />

- Cavitas subarachnoidea - ця,<br />

я<br />

Pia mater spinalis<br />

- Ligamenta denticulata


я <br />

• Dura mater<br />

• Arachnoidea mater<br />

• Pia mater<br />

Ligamentum denticulatum<br />

- я pia mater


я – cisterna lumbalis (terminalis)


я я <br />

А<br />

- Aa. spinales<br />

A. spinalis anterior (1) & posterior (2) a. vertebralis<br />

- Rami spinales - <br />

a. vertebralis, cervicalis ascendens, intercostalis <br />

lumbalis<br />

<br />

- <br />

plexus venous vertebralis


a. spinalis anterior


я <br />

Funiculus Ventralis<br />

Funiculus Lateralis<br />

Funiculus Dorsalis<br />

Fasciculus Gracilis Fasciculus Cuneatus<br />

<br />

Cornu ventrale ------------ <br />

Cornu dorsale -------------- <br />

Cornu laterale -------------- <br />

Commissura grisea


я<br />

1) я<br />

(я ) -------- <br />

( ) ------ <br />

2) я<br />

<br />

() <br />

3) я


я<br />

я


1. Cornu dorsale<br />

2. Cornu ventrale<br />

3. Substantia intermedia<br />

4. Cornu laterale<br />

5. Funiculus dorsalis<br />

6. Funiculus ventralis<br />

7. Funiculus lateralis<br />

9. Fissura mediana<br />

ventralis<br />

10. Sulcus medianus<br />

dorsalis<br />

11. Sulcus ventrolateralis<br />

12. Sulcus dorsolateralis<br />

13. Sulcus intermedius<br />

dorsalis<br />

8. Zona terminalis


• <br />

• Н- , я <br />

<br />

• canalis centralis<br />

• я<br />

<br />

• я <br />

( Rexed)


Intumescentia cervicalis (C 8 ) (T 8 )<br />

Intumescentia lumbalis (L 3 ) (S 1 )


Rexed


Columna (cornu) ventralis<br />

α- - <br />

γ- - <br />

я<br />

- <br />

- - <br />

<br />

Nucleus spinalis accessorius<br />

- C 1 C 6<br />

- pars spinalis n.<br />

accessorius


Columna (cornu) dorsalis<br />

• <br />

• <br />

Nucleus posteromarginalis<br />

- , , <br />

- tr. spinothalamicus anterior/lateralis<br />

Substantia gelatinosa<br />

- , , <br />

-tr. spinothalamicus anterior/lateralis<br />

Nucleus proprius<br />

- , , <br />

-tr. spinothalamicus anterior/lateralis<br />

Nucleus thoracicus (Clarke)<br />

- я (C 7 L 2 )<br />

- <br />

- tr. spinocerebellaris dorsalis


Columna (cornu) lateralis<br />

• <br />

• я я (C 8 - L 2 S 2-4 )<br />

• substantia intermedia lateralis –<br />

я<br />

• (C 8 - L 2 ) <br />

(S 2 - S 4 )<br />


.<br />

- <br />

<br />

.<br />

<br />

• <br />

• <br />

• ()<br />

• <br />


• <br />

<br />

•- : <br />

stretch reflex<br />

• : <br />

<br />

• -


я <br />

– <br />

– я (funiculi):<br />

Funiculus dorsalis<br />

sulcus dorsalis medianus , 5 <br />

:<br />

. Fasciculus gracilis<br />

, , я <br />

. Fasciculus cuneatus<br />

, 5 ; я <br />

Funiculus lateralis<br />

sulcus dorsolateralis sulcus ventrolateralis<br />

я я <br />

Funiculus ventralis<br />

- fissura mediana ventralis <br />

- я


я <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

,<br />

я я


Д :<br />

1) (tractus spinothalamicus lateralis<br />

anterior):<br />

С ця: , ,<br />

, , ъ<br />

2) ( ) - ъ <br />

lemniscus medialis:<br />

П, , я, ц<br />

Д я :<br />

3) (tractus spinocerebellaris<br />

dorsalis ventralis):<br />

П (ъ )


я


.<br />

:<br />

1. я ()<br />

- я (ъ <br />

я)<br />

2. я ()<br />

- я (, , )<br />

-


- я <br />

<br />

- я <br />

<br />

- <br />

я<br />

- я ()


31 : 8 , 12 , 5 я, 5 1 <br />

<br />

- 1 я <br />

- 1 <br />

- 2 <br />

- Ч ( 1 ) я <br />

<br />

Ф <br />

– <br />

– <br />

– <br />


e , <br />

я <br />

. <br />

. <br />

foramen intervertebrale<br />

. <br />

. Cauda equina<br />

- (L 2 -Co 1 )


Ramus dorsalis – <br />

Ramus ventralis – я,<br />

<br />

Ramus meningeus – <br />

Ramus communicans albus – <br />

(C 8 -L 2 )<br />

Ramus communicans griseus –<br />

<br />

;

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