Parametrii de calitate ai sroturilor de soia utilizati in Romania - IBNA
Parametrii de calitate ai sroturilor de soia utilizati in Romania - IBNA
Parametrii de calitate ai sroturilor de soia utilizati in Romania - IBNA
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
12<br />
C. Dragomir .<br />
<br />
România –<br />
<br />
C. Dragomir, Rodica Diana Criste, Margareta Olteanu<br />
Institutul <br />
<br />
REZUMAT<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
utili<br />
<br />
<br />
analiza Weend <br />
KOH, <strong>in</strong>dicele <strong>de</strong> dispersabilitate a prote<strong>in</strong>ei (PDI), activitatea <strong>in</strong>hibatorului <strong>de</strong><br />
<br />
<strong>in</strong>solubil în <strong>de</strong>tergent acid (ADIN), etc. D<strong>in</strong>tre acestea, num<strong>ai</strong> primele trei sunt<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
DIN.<br />
<br />
ABSTRACT<br />
The article is analyz<strong>in</strong>g the current situation on the use of various tools to<br />
assess the quality of soybean meal and is propos<strong>in</strong>g the diversification of the<br />
av<strong>ai</strong>lable methods, focus<strong>in</strong>g on <strong>Romania</strong>n compound feed market. The current<br />
tools, which m<strong>ai</strong>nly <strong>de</strong>al with general quality of soybean meal batches, are not<br />
sufficient for properly assess<strong>in</strong>g their real nutritive value. Some current specific<br />
methods are mentioned and briefly <strong>de</strong>scribed: proximal chemical analyses,<br />
am<strong>in</strong>o-acids profile, urease activity, KOH solubility, prote<strong>in</strong> dispersability<br />
<strong>in</strong><strong>de</strong>x (PDI), activity of tryps<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>hibitor, b<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>g capacity of dyes, tests on<br />
small animals, acid <strong>de</strong>tergent <strong>in</strong>soluble nitrogen (ADIN), etc. Of these, only the<br />
first three are commonly used <strong>in</strong> <strong>Romania</strong>; therefore advantages and<br />
disadvantages of these methods are discussed <strong>in</strong> the view of their<br />
implementation. Some more <strong>in</strong>sights are given <strong>in</strong> case of rum<strong>in</strong>ants: the
Analele <strong>IBNA</strong> vol. 22, 2006 13<br />
<strong>in</strong>dicators of the dynamics of rum<strong>in</strong>al <strong>de</strong>gradability and the essential am<strong>in</strong>o<br />
acids rumen <strong>de</strong>gradability.<br />
Three new parameters are proposed to be implemented <strong>in</strong> practice with<strong>in</strong><br />
the <strong>Romania</strong>n compound feeds market: KOH solubility, PDI and ADIN.<br />
Keywords: soybean meal, quality, methods<br />
INTRODUCERE<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
– <strong>in</strong>terzi <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
specifice (<strong>de</strong> ex<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
-
14<br />
C. Dragomir .<br />
<br />
<br />
solubilitat -<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
România*<br />
SUA**<br />
44% PB 48% PB 44% PB 48% PB<br />
44 48 44 47,5-49<br />
% umiditate, max 12 12,5 12 12<br />
8 4 4 3,3-3,5<br />
7,5 7 - -<br />
0,4 mg N / 0,4 mg N / - -<br />
g*m<strong>in</strong>-1 g*m<strong>in</strong>-1<br />
% agent antiaglomerare, max - - 0,5 0,5<br />
<br />
SUA, 1997<br />
--a lungul<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
rocesarea<br />
<br />
<br />
-a concretizat pr<strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>de</strong>zvoltarea <strong>de</strong> teste specifice:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Metoda, în varia <br />
<br />
<br />
- <br />
pentru a- <br />
<br />
ic exagerat,<br />
care conduce la <strong>in</strong>disponibilizarea am<strong>in</strong>oacizilor pentru digestie. Astfel, se
Analele <strong>IBNA</strong> vol. 22, 2006 15<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
-<br />
-<br />
-<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
a<br />
– <strong>de</strong> aproape 5 ori valoarea-prag.<br />
Solubilitatea prote<strong>in</strong>ei în KOH <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
1, a<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
prote<strong>in</strong>ei în <br />
<br />
<br />
aterialul analizat.<br />
In<strong>de</strong>xul <strong>de</strong> dispersabilitate a prote<strong>in</strong>ei (PDI).<br />
<br />
<br />
supraprocesarea<br />
<br />
<br />
In<strong>de</strong>xul <strong>de</strong> dispersabilitate a<br />
cu <strong>in</strong>tensitatea tratamentului termic; aceasta permite nu num<strong>ai</strong> estimarea m<strong>ai</strong><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
o<br />
<br />
<br />
agentului colorant (<strong>de</strong> ex. o sare a acidului fenilazo-naftol-disulfonic) <strong>de</strong><br />
<br />
am<strong>in</strong>oac<br />
Testele pe animale
16<br />
C. Dragomir .<br />
<br />
ituie baza pentru validarea meto<strong>de</strong>lor<br />
operative, prezentate anterior.<br />
<br />
<br />
consi<strong>de</strong>rându- <br />
necesare pen <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
valorii nutritive.<br />
La monogastrice <br />
<br />
<br />
-<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
m<strong>ai</strong> apropiat <strong>de</strong> cel întâlnit în produsul animal vizat – conform conceptului <strong>de</strong><br />
<br />
<br />
care impun <strong>in</strong>troducerea <strong>de</strong> parametri suplimentari în estimarea valorii proteice.<br />
<br />
prote<strong>in</strong>ei disponibile în <strong>in</strong>testi -pass-ul proteic) respectiv<br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>de</strong>gradabilitatea acesteia în rumen, prote<strong>in</strong>a <strong>de</strong> orig<strong>in</strong>e<br />
– <br />
<br />
<br />
În aceste con<br />
<strong>de</strong>gradare<br />
<br />
90%<br />
<br />
anterior sunt<br />
<br />
70%<br />
buna caracterizare<br />
<br />
<strong>de</strong> <strong>soia</strong> în cazul<br />
50%<br />
<br />
<br />
ore <strong>in</strong>cubare parametri este<br />
30%<br />
<strong>de</strong>gradabilitatea la<br />
0 20 40 60 80 nivel rum<strong>in</strong>al (DT),<br />
MV F S<br />
Fig. 1<br />
– Dragomir, 2000
Analele <strong>IBNA</strong> vol. 22, 2006 17<br />
care este <strong>de</strong> altfe <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
utilizat pentru proteo<br />
Astfel, nivelul coefi<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
componente: by-pass- <br />
aporturi<br />
<br />
<br />
-pass- <strong>ai</strong><br />
<br />
<br />
maximizarea by-pass- <br />
rum<strong>in</strong>ale (cu co <br />
<br />
<br />
-se<br />
<br />
<br />
m<strong>ai</strong><br />
utilizate sunt cele termice. Într--<br />
-pass-ul proteic<br />
<br />
excesiv conduce la sc <br />
<br />
<br />
în azot <strong>in</strong>solubil în <strong>de</strong>tergent acid – ADIN (Aldrich, 1997). Acest parametru se<br />
<br />
<br />
eraturi<br />
exagerate, cu o digestibilitate a by-pass-ului proteic (la nivelul <strong>in</strong>test<strong>in</strong>ului<br />
<br />
<br />
Exist
18<br />
C. Dragomir .<br />
CONCLUZII<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
olta un set <strong>de</strong> meto<strong>de</strong> operative, <strong>de</strong>ja <strong>de</strong>scrise în<br />
<br />
solubilitatea prote<strong>in</strong>ei în hidroxid <strong>de</strong> potasiu, In<strong>de</strong>xul <strong>de</strong> dispersabilitate a<br />
prote<strong>in</strong>ei (PDI), activitatea <strong>in</strong>hibitorului <strong>de</strong> t <br />
<strong>in</strong>solubil în <strong>de</strong>tergent acid (ADIN).<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
BIBLIOGRAFIE<br />
Aldrich C.G., Merchen N.R., Parsons C.M., Husse<strong>in</strong> H.S., Ingram S., Clodfelter<br />
J.R. (1997) - Assessment of Postrum<strong>in</strong>al Am<strong>in</strong>o Acid Digestibility of<br />
Roasted and Extru<strong>de</strong>d Whole Soybeans with the Precision-Fed Rooster<br />
Assay. J. Anim. Sci. 75: 3046–3051<br />
Batal A.B., Douglas M.W., Engram A.E., Parsons C.M. (2000) – Prote<strong>in</strong><br />
Dispersability In<strong>de</strong>x as an <strong>in</strong>dicator of a<strong>de</strong>quately processed soybean meal.<br />
Poultry Sci., 79:1592-1596<br />
Burlacu Gh., Cavache A., Burlacu R. (2002) - <br />
<br />
Demjanec B., Merchen N.R., Crem<strong>in</strong> Jr J.D., Aldrich C.G., Berger L.L. (1995) -<br />
Effect of Roast<strong>in</strong>g on Site and Extent of Digestion of Soybean Meal by<br />
Sheep: I. Digestion of Nitrogen and Am<strong>in</strong>o Acids. J. Anim. Sci., 73:2324-<br />
834<br />
Dragomir C. (2000) –<br />
<br />
<br />
Kim S. W., Baker D. H., Easter R. A. (2001). Dynamic i<strong>de</strong>al prote<strong>in</strong> and<br />
limit<strong>in</strong>g am<strong>in</strong>o acids for lactat<strong>in</strong>g sows: The impact of am<strong>in</strong>o acid<br />
mobilization. J. Anim. Sci., 79:2356-2366<br />
Monitorul Oficial nr. 326 bis / 28 m<strong>ai</strong> 203 - Normele priv<strong>in</strong>d parametrii <strong>de</strong><br />
<br />
r concentrate simple, comb<strong>in</strong>ate,
Analele <strong>IBNA</strong> vol. 22, 2006 19<br />
<br />
<br />
NOPA Yearbook (1997) – National Oilseed Processors Association, 1225<br />
Twenty-Third Street, N.W., Wash<strong>in</strong>gton, D.C., U.S.A.,<br />
http://www.oilseed.org/nopa/<br />
Orskov ER, McDonald I (1979) - The estimation of prote<strong>in</strong> <strong>de</strong>gradability <strong>in</strong> the<br />
rumen from <strong>in</strong>cubation measurements weighted accord<strong>in</strong>g to rate of<br />
passage. Journal of Agricultural Science Cambridge, 92, 499-503<br />
Parsons C. M., Hashimoto K., We<strong>de</strong>k<strong>in</strong>d K. J., Baker D. H. (1991) - soybean<br />
prote<strong>in</strong> solubility <strong>in</strong> potassium hydroxi<strong>de</strong>: an <strong>in</strong> vitro test of <strong>in</strong> vivo prote<strong>in</strong><br />
quality. J. Anim. Sci., 69:2918-2924<br />
Schroe<strong>de</strong>r G.E., Erasmus L.J., Leeuw K.J. (1995) - The use of ADIN to predict<br />
digestibility of un<strong>de</strong>gradable prote<strong>in</strong> of heat processed plant prote<strong>in</strong> sources.<br />
Abstracts of the 7th Symposium on Prote<strong>in</strong> Metabolism and Nutrition,<br />
Portugal, May 24-27, p. 85<br />
Tuitoek K., Young L. G., <strong>de</strong> Lange C.F.M., Kerr B. J. (1997) - The Effect of<br />
Reduc<strong>in</strong>g Excess Dietary Am<strong>in</strong>o Acids on Grow<strong>in</strong>g-F<strong>in</strong>ish<strong>in</strong>g Pig<br />
Performance: An Evaluation of the I<strong>de</strong>al Prote<strong>in</strong> Concept. J. Anim. Sci.,<br />
75:1575-1583<br />
Waldroup P.W., Ransey B.E., Hellwig H.M., Smith N.K. (1985) – Optimum<br />
process<strong>in</strong>g for soybean meal used <strong>in</strong> broiler diets. Poultry Sci., 56:380-382