Ghid de studii Radiologie IV - UMF
Ghid de studii Radiologie IV - UMF
Ghid de studii Radiologie IV - UMF
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4. NOTIUNI DE RADIOPROTECTIE<br />
TABLA DE MATERII<br />
X<strong>IV</strong>. Surse <strong>de</strong> iradiere.<br />
XV. Sisteme <strong>de</strong> masurare. Notiuni <strong>de</strong> dozimetrie<br />
XVI. Tipuri <strong>de</strong> iradiere<br />
XVII. Efectele majore ale radiatiilor ionizante. Boala acuta <strong>de</strong> iradiere.<br />
XVIII. Radioprotectia profiláctica si curativa<br />
XIX. Intrebari recapitulative<br />
OBIECT<strong>IV</strong>E EDUCATIONALE<br />
- Stu<strong>de</strong>ntul trebuie sa cunoasca:<br />
♦ Sursele <strong>de</strong> iradiere<br />
v Naturale:<br />
• Radiatia cosmica<br />
• Radiatia telurica (inclusiv constructii)<br />
• Radiatia organica<br />
• Radon<br />
v Artificiale<br />
v Medicale<br />
♦ Sisteme <strong>de</strong> masurare:<br />
v Roentgenologic si radiobiologic – SR<br />
v International - SI<br />
♦ Notiuni <strong>de</strong> dozimetrie<br />
v Doza <strong>de</strong> radiatie<br />
• Determinarea numarului <strong>de</strong> ioni produsi intr-o masa <strong>de</strong> aer <strong>de</strong> catre radiatiile X sau γ<br />
• SR: 1 Roentgen (R) = cantitatea <strong>de</strong> raze X care produce 2.1 x 10 10 perechi <strong>de</strong> ioni cu<br />
sarcina electrica <strong>de</strong> 1 Franklin<br />
• SI: 1 coulomb/kg=3876 R<br />
v Doza <strong>de</strong> absorbtie<br />
• Raportul dintre energia absorbita si masa<br />
• SR: rad (roentgen absorbed dose); 1 rad= 100 erg/g<br />
• SI: Gray (Gy); 1 Gy=1 J/kg; 1 Gy = 100 rad, 1 rad = 10 mGy<br />
v Doza biologica<br />
• Evalueaza efectele biologice<br />
• SR: 1 rem = efectele biologice produse <strong>de</strong> absorbtia unui rad<br />
• SI: Sievert; 1Sv = efectele biologice produse <strong>de</strong> absorbtia unui Gy<br />
• 1 Sv= 100 rem<br />
• 1 rem = 10 mSv<br />
• De retinut:<br />
‣ De mentinut expunerea personalului medical sub 0.05 Sv/an pentru intreg<br />
corpul<br />
‣ De mentinut expunerea populatiei sub 1mSv/an<br />
v Radioactivitatea<br />
• Evaluarea vitezei <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>zintegrare<br />
• SR: CURIE-1Ci = 3.7x10 10 <strong>de</strong>zintegrari/secunda
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