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PREÅ¢URI - Institutul National de Statistica

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Observarea şi culegerea preţurilor, care intră încalculul indicilor, se realizează selectiv, în funcţie <strong>de</strong>natura produsului, alegerea surselor reprezentative<strong>de</strong> date realizându-se la nivelul grupelor <strong>de</strong> produse.Unităţile <strong>de</strong> observare statistică reprezintă aceioperatori economici care respectă următoarelecriterii: <strong>de</strong>sfăşoară activitate <strong>de</strong> producţie şi/sau <strong>de</strong>comercializare <strong>de</strong> input-uri agricole (din producţiainternă sau din import); comercializează direct către consumatorii finali –producători agricoli (reprezintă ultima verigă înlanţul <strong>de</strong> distribuţie); realizează tranzacţii cu un volum mare <strong>de</strong>produse.Eşantionul utilizat cuprin<strong>de</strong> un număr <strong>de</strong> cca 200 <strong>de</strong>unităţi observate, pentru culegerea preţurilor <strong>de</strong>vânzare ale seminţelor, îngrăşămintelor chimice,produselor pentru protecţia plantelor (pestici<strong>de</strong>),medicamentelor şi produselor <strong>de</strong> uz veterinar şifurajelor.Eşantionul produselor care reprezintă consumintermediar in agricultură cuprin<strong>de</strong> sortimentelereprezentative pentru fiecare produs, selectate pebaza caracteristicilor specifice <strong>de</strong> calitate, compoziţiechimică, mărime, etc. şi a celor mai comune condiţii<strong>de</strong> comercializare care trebuie menţinute constanteîn timp, <strong>de</strong>oarece acestea influenţează nivelul şidinamica preţului produsului.Înregistrarea preţurilor se realizează cu frecvenţătrimestrială.Preţurile au următoarele caracteristici: se referă la ultima etapă <strong>de</strong> comercializare aproduselor: toate tranzacţiile în carecumpăratorul este producatorul agricol; reflectă tranzacţiile cu un volum mare <strong>de</strong>produse; includ costurile <strong>de</strong> transport, stocare, etc, <strong>de</strong> lafirma producătoare sau <strong>de</strong> la comerciant laexploataţia agricolă; nu cuprind subvenţiile pe produs; nu cuprind TVA.Sistemul <strong>de</strong> po<strong>de</strong>rare şi algoritmul <strong>de</strong> calculIndicii trimestriali ai preţurilor produselor carereprezintă consum intermediar in agricultură suntindici <strong>de</strong> tip Laspeyres şi se calculează utilizândpreţurile medii anuale şi cantităţile vândute în anul2005 (2005=100).The observation and collection of the priceswhich form part of the calculation of the indices areperformed selectively, <strong>de</strong>pending on the nature ofthe product, with the representative data sourcesbeing chosen at the level of product groups. Thestatistical observation units are the economicoperators that meet the following criteria: they produce and/or market agricultural inputs(from the domestic production or from imports); they sell the products directly to final customers –agricultural producers (who represent the lastlink in the distribution chain); they make transactions with a great volume ofproducts.The sample used inclu<strong>de</strong>s approximately 200 unitsobserved for the collection of the selling prices ofseeds, chemical fertilisers, plant protection products(pestici<strong>de</strong>s), medicines and products for veterinaryuse and fod<strong>de</strong>r.The sample of products that representintermediate consumption in agriculture inclu<strong>de</strong>sthe representative assortments for each product,selected on the basis of the specific characteristicswith regard to quality, chemical composition, size,etc. and of the most common marketing conditionswhich need to be kept constant over time as theyinfluence the level and dynamics of the price of theproduct.Prices are recor<strong>de</strong>d on a quarterly basis.The prices have the following characteristics: they refer to the last product marketing stage: alltransactions in which the buyer is theagricultural producer; they reflect the transactions with a great volumeof products; they inclu<strong>de</strong> the costs related to transport,storage, etc. from the producing company or thetra<strong>de</strong>r to the agricultural holding; they do not inclu<strong>de</strong> subsidies on products; they do not inclu<strong>de</strong> the VAT.Weighting system and calculation algorithmThe quarterly indices of the prices of theproducts that represent intermediateconsumption in agriculture are Laspeyres-typeindices and are calculated using the annual averageprices and the quantities sold in 2005 (2005=100).10

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