Drupal 7 Module Development

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Chapter 1 While one could imagine that comments are merely a type of node (and, in fact, there are modules that do this), Drupal developers have chosen to implement comments as a separate type. The comment module contains the majority of the comment code. However, again, as with the node system, it provides numerous hooks, and thus many other modules interact with the comment system. Fields and entities In previous versions of Drupal, the node system was really the only system for creating structured pieces of textual content. (Comments are too focused to be generally useful for extension.) In order to extend node content beyond simple title and body fields, one needed to either write custom node types or use the Content Construction Kit (CCK) to build node types. However, Drupal 7 introduces two substantial subsystems that change this: • The fields system brings most of CCK's functionality into core • The entities system makes it possible to define other structured data types that are not nodes Already these new systems are making waves among Drupal developers, with the Drupal Commerce module leading the way in defining sophisticated entities that are not nodes. These two subsystems are new, important, and also complex. So we will cover them in detail in Chapter 6. Forms API Another remarkable subsystem that is provided in Drupal's core is the Forms API (FAPI). This system provides a robust programmatic tool for defining, displaying, validating, and submitting forms. It takes much of the busy-work out of developing forms, and also adds a layer of security. FAPI is so integral to Drupal that we use it numerous times throughout the book. Installation Profiles More sophisticated Drupal use-cases may benefit from the ability to customize the installation process. Drupal provides an installation profile subsystem that can be leveraged to create a custom installer. [ 19 ]
Developing for Drupal 7 Using this, developers can set custom themes and modules, change installation parameters, and generally streamline the process of installing sophisticated Drupal sites. Simple test Programmatically testing code is a well-established practice in the software development industry. In Drupal 7, it is a capability of the core Drupal distribution. Using the Simple Test framework, developers can now use functional and unit tests to validate their code. We employ testing throughout this book. In fact, we will write some of our first tests in Chapter 2. Blocks Along with the primary content, most web pages also have additional content displayed along the top, bottom, or sides of the page. Drupal's block subsystem handles the configuration and display of these units of content. Most of this functionality is concentrated in the block module, and we will develop our first custom block in Chapter 2. Other subsystems In this section, we have provided some basic information on several high-profile subsystems. However, this list is not exhaustive. There are numerous others, and even some very important ones (like Views) that are not in core, but provided by third party modules. Some of these other subsystems will be introduced and discussed throughout this book. However, Drupal is a sophisticated system, and no book of a manageable length can go into all of the details. For that reason, we provide references throughout the book pointing developers to the appropriate resources on the web and elsewhere. Tools for developing Drupal code Drupal is a sophisticated platform, and from the glimpse above we can see already that there are numerous systems and structures to keep track of. In this section, we try to provide tools that simplify or streamline the development process. [ 20 ]
Page 1 and 2: www.allitebooks.com
Page 3 and 4: Drupal 7 Module Development Copyrig
Page 5 and 6: Foreword Drupal has its roots in th
Page 7 and 8: About the Authors Matt Butcher is a
Page 9 and 10: Larry Garfield is a Senior Architec
Page 11 and 12: John Albin Wilkins has been a web d
Page 13 and 14: Jojodae Ganesh Sivaji has been invo
Page 15 and 16: Why Subscribe? • Fully searchable
Page 17 and 18: Table of Contents Tools for develop
Page 19 and 20: Table of Contents A shortcut for sy
Page 21 and 22: Table of Contents Using hook_node_a
Page 23 and 24: Table of Contents Creating a task 3
Page 25 and 26: Preface Chapter 5, Building an Admi
Page 27 and 28: Preface The system for handling thi
Page 30 and 31: Developing for Drupal 7 Drupal is a
Page 32 and 33: However, what we do want to start w
Page 34 and 35: The Operating System Chapter 1 Wind
Page 36 and 37: Chapter 1 Drupal core is the founda
Page 38 and 39: Chapter 1 The database We have take
Page 40 and 41: Chapter 1 The responsibility of the
Page 44 and 45: Chapter 1 We assume that you have y
Page 46: Chapter 1 The following are a few o
Page 49 and 50: Creating Your First Module We are g
Page 51 and 52: Creating Your First Module As obvio
Page 53 and 54: Creating Your First Module By Drupa
Page 55 and 56: Creating Your First Module The next
Page 57 and 58: Creating Your First Module When Dru
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Page 61 and 62: Creating Your First Module The help
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Page 65 and 66: Creating Your First Module Finally,
Page 67 and 68: Creating Your First Module Here's o
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Page 77 and 78: Creating Your First Module Setting
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Page 83 and 84: Creating Your First Module The repo
Page 85 and 86: Drupal’s Theme Layer This book is
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Page 89 and 90: Drupal’s Theme Layer Theme engine
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Drupal’s Theme Layer A Drupal the
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Drupal’s Theme Layer The theme()
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Drupal’s Theme Layer Now, if you
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Drupal’s Theme Layer A similar pr
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Drupal’s Theme Layer Now, that wa
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Drupal’s Theme Layer • #suffix:
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Drupal’s Theme Layer Two powerful
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Drupal’s Theme Layer 'menu_tree__
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Drupal’s Theme Layer If a functio
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Drupal’s Theme Layer We've also s
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Drupal’s Theme Layer Summary You'
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Theming a Module After all, if you
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Theming a Module * Enables a single
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Theming a Module * First draft! * *
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Theming a Module Theming a Drupal b
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Theming a Module Converting a theme
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Theming a Module if (is_array($elem
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Theming a Module Notice that the .b
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Theming a Module } $block['content'
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Theming a Module } 'variables' => a
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Theming a Module } // Theme the use
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Theming a Module // Create links fo
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Theming a Module } // Load the acco
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Theming a Module * - $user: The use
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Theming a Module Summary In this ch
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Building an Admin Interface Startin
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Building an Admin Interface $items[
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Building an Admin Interface 'access
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Building an Admin Interface Each ar
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Building an Admin Interface Other p
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Building an Admin Interface Each el
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Building an Admin Interface Drupal
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Building an Admin Interface This is
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Building an Admin Interface Form su
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Building an Admin Interface A short
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Building an Admin Interface } retur
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Building an Admin Interface PHP mai
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Building an Admin Interface Impleme
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Building an Admin Interface Debuggi
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Building an Admin Interface This te
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Working with Content Drupal 7 intro
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Chapter 6 The Schema API allows dat
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'fields' => array( 'aid' => array(
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Chapter 6 'fieldable' => TRUE, 'ent
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Chapter 6 The return value from the
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Chapter 6 In our case, we defined t
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Chapter 6 Most entity operations in
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[ 165 ] Chapter 6 This callback sim
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Chapter 6 This page will simply gen
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Chapter 6 This hook defines a new f
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Submit callback The submit callback
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Chapter 6 // Save the initial revis
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Chapter 6 Master/slave database con
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Chapter 6 array($artwork->aid => $a
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Chapter 6 'access arguments' => arr
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Chapter 6 } foreach ($artworks as $
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Creating New Fields In the last cha
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Chapter 7 Although an advanced topi
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Chapter 7 The most important magic
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Chapter 7 } } '#type' => 'select',
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Chapter 7 Exposing fields to the Fo
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Chapter 7 $element['width'] = array
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Chapter 7 if ($widget['type'] == 'd
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Chapter 7 } return; 'field_ui_field
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Chapter 7 } function theme_dimfield
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Chapter 7 } '@height' => $item['hei
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Chapter 7 } else if ($settings['uni
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Chapter 7 We can, of course, have m
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Chapter 7 To demonstrate how entity
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[ 209 ] Chapter 7 Now look at that
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Drupal Permissions and Security Per
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Chapter 8 The preceding code checks
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Chapter 8 If we had accidentally ru
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Chapter 8 The user_access() functio
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In the first case, Are we looking a
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Chapter 8 Declaring your own access
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} Chapter 8 'page callback' => 'exa
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Chapter 8 if (!flood_is_allowed('co
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[ 227 ] Chapter 8 Enabling permissi
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Chapter 8 } $permissions = array( '
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Chapter 8 This approach is the prop
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Chapter 8 Running access checks on
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Chapter 8 Handling AJAX callbacks s
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Chapter 8 As a result, we cannot tr
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Chapter 8 This allows us to pass a
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Node Access Out-of-the-box, Drupal
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Chapter 9 The Node Access API allow
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* - "delete" * - "create" * @param
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Chapter 9 if (!user_access('access
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Chapter 9 } if (module_implements('
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Chapter 9 hook_node_access() is the
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Chapter 9 Note that the {node_acces
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Chapter 9 The basic permission 'cre
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Chapter 9 It is a good idea to writ
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Chapter 9 On node listing pages, th
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Chapter 9 Writing a complete node a
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• Can this user bypass node acces
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Chapter 9 For our test module, we w
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Chapter 9 When hook_node_access_rec
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Chapter 9 A few things to consider
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Chapter 9 Security considerations T
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Chapter 9 Rebuilding the {node_acce
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Chapter 9 Using the new hook_node_a
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Chapter 9 We may alter any element
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Chapter 9 } // Check anonymous user
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Chapter 9 // Check the permission.
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Chapter 9 The key to Devel Node Acc
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Chapter 9 In the preceding case, th
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JavaScript in Drupal JavaScript is
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Chapter 10 Adding JavaScript and CS
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Chapter 10 When a JavaScript librar
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The following code adds a system CS
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Chapter 10 The second argument can
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Chapter 10 From here onwards, when
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Chapter 10 If a renderable array is
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Chapter 10 Drupal specific JavaScri
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Chapter 10 There are three ways var
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Chapter 10 AJAX helpers Included in
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The callback function hello_world_s
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Chapter 10 Once the response is set
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ajax_command_prepend To add content
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Working with Files and Images Drupa
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Chapter 11 It is very important tha
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Chapter 11 In order to open files f
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Chapter 11 Stream wrappers If you'v
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Chapter 11 In some cases you may no
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Chapter 11 A read-only stream wrapp
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Chapter 11 } 'type' => STREAM_WRAPP
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Chapter 11 For full details of thes
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Chapter 11 After this setup, we sta
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Chapter 11 This is all very cool, b
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Chapter 11 This is where you can st
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Chapter 11 • form callback: If yo
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Chapter 11 Finally we can make the
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Chapter 11 Pretty cool right? Howev
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Chapter 11 As you can see, there is
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Installation Profiles This chapter
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Chapter 12 Profile modules and them
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Enabling modules Just like modules
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Chapter 12 • display_name: A huma
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Next, let's create a form to enter
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Chapter 12 Notice that $install_sta
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Chapter 12 Here, the task that sets
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Chapter 12 Each row being added to
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Chapter 12 // URL filter. 'filter_u
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Chapter 12 'locale' => 'en', ), //
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Database Access Although Drupal 7 h
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Appendix A Result objects The retur
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Appendix A The join() methods all r
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[ 369 ] Appendix A The db_insert()
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Appendix A A Merge query says, in e
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Appendix A Slave servers Drupal als
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Security Throughout this book, we h
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Filtering The following guidelines
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First, whenever we write a query ag
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Appendix B There are both RSS feeds
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ajax_command_alert command 309 ajax
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Drupal, subsytems blocks 20 code te
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form handling 229 forms access chec
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K key() method 371 L label property
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evision handling 175 revisions hand
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U unit test 49 update queries 370 u
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Drupal 7 ISBN: 978-1-84951-286-2 Pa
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