Drupal 7 Module Development

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Chapter 3 As you can see in the preceding illustration, for a typical blog post, each comment is pulled from the database and sent through the theme system to get HTML markup added to it. Then all the comments are aggregated together into a "comment wrapper" where additional markup and, usually, a "new comment" form is added. Then the single group of comments is passed to the node theming where it is combined with other pieces of the blog post's content. This process of theming bits of content, aggregation, and theming again is repeated until we've built the entire HTML page ready to be sent to a web browser. There are two advantages to this granular system. First, since each module is responsible for theming its own data, it can either create a very specialized theme hook for its data or it can re-use an existing theme hook. Re-using a theme hook ensures a consistent set of markup for similar data structures while still allowing customized CSS classes (Most theme hooks allow custom classes to be passed as parameters.) For example, the list of links after a node (read more, add new comment, and so on) re-uses the links theme hook, and the links after each comment use the same links theme hook. The second advantage is for the theme developer. Having a fine-grained theming system means that a theme, if it chooses to, can literally rewrite all of the markup for its own design purposes. As module developers we need to be keenly aware of the themer's desire to have granular theming overrides. [ 65 ]
Drupal’s Theme Layer Theme engines Some themes require alternate theme engines. Theme engines can provide alternate template syntax, naming standards, and helper functions. Several theme engines are available for download at http://drupal.org/project/theme+engines. However, we won't be discussing any theme engines except for Drupal's default theme engine, PHPTemplate. The PHPTemplate theme engine has been the default theme since Drupal 4.7, has been continuously improved with each version, and has proven its worth again and again. Over 99% of themes available for download on drupal.org use the default PHPTemplate theme engine. All of the examples in this book assume you are using PHPTemplate. So, enough said. Two ways to theme So now that we have a good understanding of higher level concepts, let's get down to the nitty-gritty of theme implementations. As mentioned earlier in the chapter, there are actually two different ways to implement a theme hook: • Theme functions: pass data to a PHP function to wrap it in markup • Templates: pass data to a template which is a PHP file mixed with markup and PHP print statements Let's look at each of these in turn. Theme functions For a module developer, the easiest type of implementation to understand is a theme function. Theme functions just need to follow a few simple rules in order for them to work properly. First, the name of the theme function follows the pattern: theme_[theme hook name] Since the theme hook name is used directly in the theme function's name, theme hook names have the same constraints on naming as regular PHP function names; the only valid characters in theme hook names are alphanumeric characters and underscores. So if a module has created an example_format theme hook, it would implement it with theme function named theme_example_format(). [ 66 ]
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www.allitebooks.com
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Drupal 7 Module Development Copyrig
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Foreword Drupal has its roots in th
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About the Authors Matt Butcher is a
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Larry Garfield is a Senior Architec
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John Albin Wilkins has been a web d
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Jojodae Ganesh Sivaji has been invo
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Why Subscribe? • Fully searchable
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Table of Contents Tools for develop
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Table of Contents A shortcut for sy
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Table of Contents Using hook_node_a
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Table of Contents Creating a task 3
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Preface Chapter 5, Building an Admi
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Preface The system for handling thi
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Developing for Drupal 7 Drupal is a
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However, what we do want to start w
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The Operating System Chapter 1 Wind
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Chapter 1 Drupal core is the founda
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Theming a Module * - $user: The use
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Theming a Module Summary In this ch
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Building an Admin Interface Startin
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Building an Admin Interface $items[
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Building an Admin Interface 'access
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Building an Admin Interface Each ar
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Building an Admin Interface Other p
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Building an Admin Interface Each el
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Building an Admin Interface Drupal
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Building an Admin Interface This is
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Building an Admin Interface Form su
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Building an Admin Interface A short
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Building an Admin Interface } retur
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Building an Admin Interface PHP mai
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Building an Admin Interface Impleme
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Building an Admin Interface Debuggi
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Building an Admin Interface This te
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Working with Content Drupal 7 intro
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Chapter 6 The Schema API allows dat
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'fields' => array( 'aid' => array(
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Chapter 6 'fieldable' => TRUE, 'ent
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Chapter 6 The return value from the
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Chapter 6 In our case, we defined t
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Chapter 6 Most entity operations in
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[ 165 ] Chapter 6 This callback sim
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Chapter 6 This page will simply gen
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Chapter 6 This hook defines a new f
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Submit callback The submit callback
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Chapter 6 // Save the initial revis
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Chapter 6 Master/slave database con
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Chapter 6 array($artwork->aid => $a
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Chapter 6 'access arguments' => arr
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Chapter 6 } foreach ($artworks as $
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Creating New Fields In the last cha
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Chapter 7 Although an advanced topi
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Chapter 7 The most important magic
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Chapter 7 } } '#type' => 'select',
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Chapter 7 Exposing fields to the Fo
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Chapter 7 $element['width'] = array
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Chapter 7 if ($widget['type'] == 'd
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Chapter 7 } return; 'field_ui_field
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Chapter 7 } function theme_dimfield
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Chapter 7 } '@height' => $item['hei
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Chapter 7 } else if ($settings['uni
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Chapter 7 We can, of course, have m
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Chapter 7 To demonstrate how entity
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[ 209 ] Chapter 7 Now look at that
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Drupal Permissions and Security Per
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Chapter 8 The preceding code checks
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Chapter 8 If we had accidentally ru
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Chapter 8 The user_access() functio
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In the first case, Are we looking a
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Chapter 8 Declaring your own access
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} Chapter 8 'page callback' => 'exa
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Chapter 8 if (!flood_is_allowed('co
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[ 227 ] Chapter 8 Enabling permissi
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Chapter 8 } $permissions = array( '
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Chapter 8 This approach is the prop
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Chapter 8 Running access checks on
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Chapter 8 Handling AJAX callbacks s
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Chapter 8 As a result, we cannot tr
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Chapter 8 This allows us to pass a
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Node Access Out-of-the-box, Drupal
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Chapter 9 The Node Access API allow
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* - "delete" * - "create" * @param
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Chapter 9 if (!user_access('access
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Chapter 9 } if (module_implements('
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Chapter 9 hook_node_access() is the
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Chapter 9 Note that the {node_acces
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Chapter 9 The basic permission 'cre
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Chapter 9 It is a good idea to writ
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Chapter 9 On node listing pages, th
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Chapter 9 Writing a complete node a
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• Can this user bypass node acces
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Chapter 9 For our test module, we w
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Chapter 9 When hook_node_access_rec
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Chapter 9 A few things to consider
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Chapter 9 Security considerations T
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Chapter 9 Rebuilding the {node_acce
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Chapter 9 Using the new hook_node_a
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Chapter 9 We may alter any element
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Chapter 9 } // Check anonymous user
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Chapter 9 // Check the permission.
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Chapter 9 The key to Devel Node Acc
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Chapter 9 In the preceding case, th
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JavaScript in Drupal JavaScript is
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Chapter 10 Adding JavaScript and CS
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Chapter 10 When a JavaScript librar
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The following code adds a system CS
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Chapter 10 The second argument can
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Chapter 10 From here onwards, when
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Chapter 10 If a renderable array is
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Chapter 10 Drupal specific JavaScri
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Chapter 10 There are three ways var
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Chapter 10 AJAX helpers Included in
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The callback function hello_world_s
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Chapter 10 Once the response is set
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ajax_command_prepend To add content
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Working with Files and Images Drupa
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Chapter 11 It is very important tha
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Chapter 11 In order to open files f
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Chapter 11 Stream wrappers If you'v
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Chapter 11 In some cases you may no
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Chapter 11 A read-only stream wrapp
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Chapter 11 } 'type' => STREAM_WRAPP
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Chapter 11 For full details of thes
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Chapter 11 After this setup, we sta
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Chapter 11 This is all very cool, b
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Chapter 11 This is where you can st
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Chapter 11 • form callback: If yo
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Chapter 11 Finally we can make the
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Chapter 11 Pretty cool right? Howev
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Chapter 11 As you can see, there is
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Installation Profiles This chapter
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Chapter 12 Profile modules and them
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Enabling modules Just like modules
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Chapter 12 • display_name: A huma
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Next, let's create a form to enter
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Chapter 12 Notice that $install_sta
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Chapter 12 Here, the task that sets
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Chapter 12 Each row being added to
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Chapter 12 // URL filter. 'filter_u
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Chapter 12 'locale' => 'en', ), //
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Database Access Although Drupal 7 h
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Appendix A Result objects The retur
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Appendix A The join() methods all r
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[ 369 ] Appendix A The db_insert()
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Appendix A A Merge query says, in e
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Appendix A Slave servers Drupal als
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Security Throughout this book, we h
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Filtering The following guidelines
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First, whenever we write a query ag
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Appendix B There are both RSS feeds
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ajax_command_alert command 309 ajax
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Drupal, subsytems blocks 20 code te
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form handling 229 forms access chec
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K key() method 371 L label property
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evision handling 175 revisions hand
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U unit test 49 update queries 370 u
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Drupal 7 ISBN: 978-1-84951-286-2 Pa
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