School Maintenance Manual - Tamil

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ghlrhiy
me;jg; ghlrhiyapNy
go kuq;fs; ,Uf;Nf...
ehk; NghfKbahJ
mq;Nf xU
ntUsp nghk;ik
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mJ XlhJ
mJf;Ff; fj;jTk;
njhpahJ.
fij> rpj;jpuk;
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jkpo; nkhopngah;g;G - rNuh[pdpNjtp mUzhryk;
© SDC – Kjy; gjpg;G - 2012

gpuNjrg; gzpg;ghshpd; nra;jp
mgptpUj;jpf;Fk; xj;Jiog;gpw;Fkhd Rtp]; Kfth; epiyak;
(SDC) ,yq;if
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,aq;Fk; rh;tNjr xj;Jiog;Gf;fhd Rtpw;rh;yhe;jpd; xU Kfth; epiyakhFk; (FDFA).
mgptpUj;jpf;Fk; xj;Jiog;Gf;Fkhd ,e;j Kfth; epiyaj;jpd; kdpjhgpkhd cjtpepfo;r;rpj;
jpl;lkhdJ Njitia vjph;Nehf;fp epw;Fk; kpfTk; ,f;fl;lhd re;jh;g;gq;fspy; MNzh ngz;Nzh
vtuhapDk;> ve;j rkaj;ijr; Nrh;e;jth;fshapUe;jhYk; murpay;> r%fg; gpd;dzpfisf; ftdj;jpy;
nfhs;shJ cjtp toq;f Maj;jkhf cs;sJ. Nghplh;fSk;> Aj;jq;fSk; ele;J Kbe;j
fhy fl;lq;fspy; gps;isfspd; fy;tp eltbf;iffs; ,ilaPbd;wpj; njhlh;tjw;F cjTtNj
mgptpUj;jpf;Fk; xj;Jiog;gpw;Fkhd Rtp]; Kfth; epiyaj;jpd; gpujhd Nehf;fkhFk;. ,t;thwhf
,e;epiyak; Rdhkp (Mopg;Nguiy) mdh;j;jq;fspd; gpd;dUk;> Aj;jk; Kbtile;j gpd;dUk; tl
khfhzg; ghlrhiyfisg; Gdh;eph;khzk; nra;tjpYk;> kWrPuikg;Gg; gzpfis Kd;ndLg;gjpYk;
ngUk; gq;fhw;wpAs;sJ.
ghlrhiyfspd; jpUj;jg; gzpfSk;> Gdh;eph;khz NtiyfSk; ele;J Kbe;j gpwF mit rpwg;ghfg;
guhkhpf;fg;gLfpd;wdth vd;gij cWjpg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;tJ kpfTk; mtrpakhFk;. fw;wy; rhjdkhfTk;>
ghlrhiy nrhj;Jf;fis rhptug; guhkhpg;gjd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij gps;isfSf;F czh;j;j
cjTk; fUtpahfTk; ,e;E}iyg; gad;gLj;JkhW Mrphpah;fisAk; ngw;NwhiuAk; Nfl;Lf;
nfhs;fpNwhk;. gps;isfs; jq;fSila ghlrhiyf; fl;blq;fisAk;> mq;F fpilf;Fk; trjpfisAk;
mUik ngUikahfg; Nghw;wp kjpg;gjw;F ,e;Ehy; mth;fSf;F Cf;Ftpg;ig mspf;Fk;. ,d;W
gbg;gth;fSk;> ,dptUk; jiy KiwapdUk; jq;fs; ghlrhiy ehl;fis kfpo;r;rpfukhdnjhU
#oypy; fopg;gjw;Fk; ,J toptFf;Fk;.
gpypg; nghapl;yh;
gpuNjrg; gzpg;ghsh;
,yq;ifapd;Rtp]; Kfth; epiya mYtyfk;
138 45 fpd;]p tPjp
nfhOk;G - 8
,yq;if
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gphpT) nra;jp
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ghlrhiyfis mbf;fb jpUj;jTk;> Gdh;eph;khzk; nra;aTk; Neh;fpwJ. ,jd; nghUl;L>
tUle;NjhWk; ghhpa mstpyhd gzk; nrythfpwJ. rpwpa jpUj;j Ntiyfis chpa Ntisapy;
nra;ahtpl;lhy;> mit fhyg;Nghf;fpy; ghuJ}ukhditahf cUntLj;JtpLk;. gps;isfs;
jq;fSila ghlrhiyfisr; Rj;jkhfTk;> xOq;fhfTk; itf;fj; jtWk;gl;rj;jpy; ghlrhiyf;
fl;blq;fSk;> tsTfSk; ftdpg;ghuw;Wg; Ngha;tpLtNjhL> ghlrhiyr; nrhj;Jf;fSk; rPuope;J
gad;gLj;j Kbahj epiyikf;Fj; js;sg;glyhk;. rpwg;ghfg; Ngzpg; ghJfhf;fg;gLk; ghlrhiyfspy;
gbg;gnjd;gJ Xh; ,dpa mDgtkhFk;. ghlrhiyf; fl;blq;fisAk;> nrhj;Jf;fisAk;> mq;F
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Mrphpah;fs;> ngw;Nwhh;fs; Mfpa midtuJk; Kf;fpa flikahFk;. ,e;E}iy thrpf;Fk; xt;nthU
Foe;ijAk; jdJ ghlrhiyia Nerpf;f Muk;gpf;Fk;. mNjNghy> jhKk;> jkf;Fg; gpd;dhy;
mq;Nf fy;tp gapyg; Nghfpwth;fSk; jj;jkJ gps;isg; gpuhaj;ij ,d;gkhff; fopf;f cjTk;
tifapy; mij vopy; nghq;Fk; Xh; ,dpa ,lkhf;f Kd;tUthh;fs; vd;w ek;gpf;ifAld; jhd;
,e;E}y; jahhpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
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mofhd Rj;jkhd
tFg;giwfs;.
eP kaq;fptpl;lhah
uh[_ ml ghtNk.
3

kW ehs;
xU mUikahd
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mJ vd;d
Nahrid =
uhk;?
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nrhy;.
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ghlrhiyiaAk; ey;y epiyf;F
nfhz;L tuyhNk.
4
cz;ikjhd;
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ehKk; ed;whfg;
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,y;iyah?

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gphpj;J xg;gilg;Nghk;.
vd;d Ntiyfs;?
cq;fs; Nahridfis
nrhy;yyhNk.
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5

vq;fs; ghlrhiy epiyik
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,J gpbj;jpUf;F. epr;rak;
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tifapy; cq;fs;
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gps;isfNs!
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6

ghlrhiy tpl;l gpwNf ,e;j
Ntiyfis nra;ayhk;.
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gpd;Nduk; thUq;fs;.
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Ntiy nra;jhy;
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cjtpf;F
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te;Jtplf;$lhJ.
7

,e;j Row;rp
Kiwg;gb juk; - 13
khzth;fs; jpq;fs;
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juk; - 12 vy;yh
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8
Row;rp Kiwapy;
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jhNd.

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mUikahd
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ghlrhiy rPUilapy;
NghtJ ey;yJ.
mg;Nghjhd;
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vd;W njhpe;J
nfhs;thh;fs;.
9

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ghlrhiyia
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mUikahd
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vy;NyhUf;Fk; ngUik
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10

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g+Rk; J}hpif> Jk;Gj;jbfs;>
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ghlrhiyAk; cq;fs;
tPL Nghyj;jhNd.
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nra;Ntd;. thUq;fs;
gps;isfs;. vd;d
NtZNkh ghh;j;J
vLq;fs;.
11

ghlrhiy tpl;l gpwF
xNu gpd;Nduj;jpy; xU gf;ff;
fis gpLq;fptpl;Nlhk;. ehk;
nfl;bf;fhuh;fs;.
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vy;yhk;
fpilj;jd.
ehk; nghpa
mjp\;lrhypfs;
,y;iyah?
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ey;yJ
nra;jhy;
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jhNd
fpilf;Fk;.
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ey;yth;fs;
ekf;F vg;gTk;
ntw;wpjhd;.
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nrhd;dha;
Njtp.
12

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nra;fpwhh;fNs.
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gpwF
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13

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jpUj;jpj; jUfpwhuhk;.
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%btpl;NlNd.
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NtZk; rhh;.
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ehd; xOq;F nra;fpNwd;.
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14

nfhk;Ngh];l; fz;zhb gpsh];bf;
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ftdpf;f NtZk;.
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tpw;Wtplyhk;.
me;jg; gzj;ijg; ghlrhiyr;
nryTf;fhf cz;baypy; Nghl;L
itf;fyhk;.
,jdhy;
ed;nfhilf;fhf
vthplKk; ifNae;jj;
Njitapy;iy.
15

MW ehs; gpd;Nduq;fspy;
tFg;giwfSf;Fg; g+r;Rg;
g+rptpl;Nlhk;. k#f; jhd;
ntspr;Rth;fSf;F g+rpdhd;.
vy;NyhUk;
NfSq;fs;.
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g+rpahr;R. ,ij
ed;whfg; guhkhpg;gJ
jhd; mLj;j Ntiy.
ehq;fs;
kyry$lq;fSf;Fg;
g+r;Rg; g+rpNdhk;.
Rth;fspy; Mzp
miwaf; $lhJ.
jhs;fis Rthpy;
xl;lTk; Ntz;lhk;.
Mkhk;
ey;y
Nahrid
G\;gk; mf;fh> ghlrhiy
tpl;L tPl;Lf;Fg; Nghf
Kd; xt;nthUtUk;
tFg;giwfis
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ey;yJ.
mjw;F
KOg;Gs;spfs;
nfhLf;fyhk; re;J.
16

gps;isfNs ePh; Foha; xOf;F>
tbfhy; milg;G> cile;j
[d;dy;fs;> kyry$l milg;G>
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fz;lhy; vdf;Fr; nrhy;yp tpl
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nrhy;YNthk;.
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mij
jpUj;jp
jUfpwhuhk;.
17

vq;fs; ghlrhiyia
mofhf itf;f rpy tpjpfisj;
jahhpj;jpUf;fpNwd;. vy;NyhUk;
mijf; ftdkhf thrpj;J mjd;gb
elf;f NtZk; rhpjhNd.
rhp NfhFy; mz;zh.
mjpy; cs;sJ Nghy
nra;Nthk;.
nuhk;g
ey;yJ.
mwptpg;G gyif
vq;fSf;F vl;lhJ. ePq;fs;
jhd; mjpy; cs;sij
nrhy;y NtZk;.
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mijg;
gw;wp ehNd
nrhy;Ntd;.
me;j tpjpfs;
vd;d? njhpe;J
nfhs;s
MirahapUf;F.
,tw;iwf;
fw;gJ
f\;lkpy;iy.
18

mwptpg;Gg; gyif
ghlrhiyia mofhfTk; Rj;jkhfTk; itj;jpUf;f
ehk; nra;a Ntz;baitAk; jtph;f;f Ntz;baitAk;
cq;fs; tFg;giwia xOq;fhfTk;> Rj;jkhfTk;
itAq;fs;.
Rthpy; vijAk; xl;lhjPh;fs;.
g+r;R fod;WtpLk; ,aYkhd tiu mwptpg;Gg;
gyiffis gad;gLj;Jq;fs;.
ghlrhiy ikjhdj;ijr; Rj;jkhf itAq;fs;.
fopTfis epyj;jpy; tPrhjPh;fs;. ghlrhiyf; Fg;igj;
njhl;bfspy; NghLq;fs;.
gpsh];bf; n\hg;gpq; igfisj; jtph;j;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.
K b e ; j t i u i g f i s A k ; > N g h j ; j y ; f i s A k ;
kPsg;gad;gLj;Jq;fs;.
gpsh];bf; my;yJ nghypjPid nfhk;Ngh];l; njhl;bfspy;
Nghl Ntz;lhk;. ,tw;Wf;F NtW njhl;bfs; cz;L.
vq;fSf;Fk;
nfhQ;rk;
nrhy;Yq;fs;.
mij cuf;f
thrpAq;fs;.
vd;idj;
J}f;fpf;
fhl;Lq;fs;.
19

mwptpg;Gg; gyif
gad;gLj;jhj NghJ kpd;rhu fhw;whbfisAk;>
kpd;Fkpo;fisAk; mizAq;fs;.
ghlrhiy Rth;fspNyh> jsghlq;fspNyh vOj
Ntz;lhk;.
kyry$lj;Jf;Fg; Nghd gpwF ePh; tpl;L myrp
Rj;jkhf;Fq;fs;.
gpsh];bf; fyd;fspy;> ntw;W lah;fspy; ePh; Nru tpl
Ntz;lhk;. Esk;Gfs; ,jpy; ngUfyhk;.
ghlrhiy mofhff; fhl;rpaspf;fNtz;Lkhdhy;
mijr; #o kuf;fwpr; nrbfs;> gokuq;fs;> g+r;nrbfs;
vd;gtw;iw tsh;f;fyhk;.
ePq;fs; vjph;ghh;f;Fk; khw;wk; epfo .... ,d;Nw
njhlq;Fq;fs;. kw;wth;fSk; cq;fis tpiutpy;
gpd;gw;Wthh;fs;.
20
ehd; ,ij
vOjpf;
nfhz;lhy;
ey;yJ.

,g;Ngh kuf;fwp Njhl;lj;jpy;
njhlq;FNthk;. ,J nuhk;g
Kf;fpak;.
vdf;Fk;
kuf;fwpr; nrb
el tpUg;gk;.
ehis
ghlrhiy tpl;lJk;
njhlq;fyhNk.
kW ehs; ghlrhiy tpl;lJk;
Kjypy; vy;yh
Gy;g+z;LfisAk; gpLq;fp
,lj;ij Jg;Guthf;FNthk;.
nrbfis
el Kd;
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tsutpLNthk;.
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kz;iz
gz;gLj;jptplyhk;.
21

,uz;L thuq;fspd; gpd;
fd;Wfis eLk; NghJ
xd;Wf;nfhd;W ,ilntsp
,Uf;f NtZk;.
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elyhk;.
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Nghlyhk;.
22

,uz;L khjq;fspd; gpd;
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nra;j ntUsp
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M`h! cd;
jk;gp mf;gh;
NghyNt
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kPdh mtid
Nfyp gz;zhNj.
mUikahd
fhhpak;
nra;jpUf;fpwhd;.
ghuhl;Lf;fs;
mz;zh. ePq;fs;
nfl;bf;fhuh;.
23

mLj;j kio fhyj;Jf;F
Kd; ePh;g;ghrd njhl;bia
ed;whff; fOtptpl
NtZk;.
ey;y
Nahrid
Mkhk;
mkPdh
fl;lhak;.
Nghd tU\k;
ehq;fs;
mij rhpahf
Rj;jg;gLj;jtpy;iy.
mjdhy;
jhd; jz;zPh;
Njq;fpaJ
,y;iyah?
ehis rdpf;fpoik
jhNd njhl;bia
Rj;jkhf;FNthkh.
eide;J
Nrwhfp tplyhk;.
mjdhy; gioa
cLg;Gfis.
mzpe;J
thUq;fs;
24

ghlrhiyia
rpwg;ghf;FtJk;
cq;fs; ngw;Nwhiu
ed;whff; ftdpg;gJ
Nghyj;jhd;.
ghlrhiyNa
vOj;jwptpj;j cq;fs;
md;id
ePq;fs; ghlrhiyiar;
Rj;jkhfTk;> mofhfTk;
itj;jpUg;gijf; fhz
Mde;jkhf ,Uf;fpwJ.
cq;fs; gbg;gpYk;
epiwa Kd;Ndw;wk;
njhpfpwJ.
,e;j
Ntiyfisj;
njhlUq;fs;
gps;isfNs!
25

uNk\; nfhQ;rkhf
ntl;L. fha;e;j
nfhg;Gfis kl;Lk;
ntl;L.
nghpa
fj;jphpf;Nfhyhy;
ntl;l vdf;Fk;
Mir.
=dh js;spg;
Ngh.
eide;JtpLtha;.
xl;Lg;
Gy;iy
jpdKk;
gpLq;fptpl
NtZk;.
mit
vq;fs;
Nky; xl;bf;
nfhs;Sk;.
26
vdf;Fk; jh mg;Jy;.
ehDk; nrbf;F
gpbf;fpNwd;.

vq;fSf;F xU
fd;Bd; mtrpak;.
,ij
elj;Jthuh
vd;W Nkl;Lj;
njU u`Pk;
khkhitf;
Nfl;fyhk;.
Kjypy;
mjpghpd;
mDkjpia
ngWq;fs;.
ehd; Ngha;
mDkjp
Nfl;fth?
rhp! rhp
rPf;fpuk;
Ngh.
u`Pk; khkh! vq;fs;
ghlrhiyapy; xU fd;Bd;
elj;JtPh;fsh?
kfd; ehd;
filia
ghf;f NtZk;.
vd; jk;gp
nra;thh;.
u`Pk; NjePh; fil.
mjpghpd;
mDkjpNahL jhd;
te;jpUf;fpNwhk;.
mthplk; Nfl;L
nrhy;fpNwd;.
rhpah?
27

mk;kzp! gps;isfs;
ghlrhiyia mofhf
itf;f Mh;tkhf Ntiy
nra;fpwhh;fs;.
Mkhk;. ,J
mjpgUf;Fk;>
Mrphpah;fSf;Fk;
ngUikaha; ,Uf;fpwJ.
mJ kl;Lkh
mth;fspd;
gbg;gpYk;
Kd;Ndw;wk;
njhpfpwJ.
vd; rpd;d
kfSf;F vg;gTk;
kuf;fwpj; Njhl;lk;
gw;wpj;jhd; fij.
28
epy;Y!
epy;Y!
Ntfkha;
XlhNj.
Br;rh; khkp.....
Br;rh; khkp.

ptk; cq;fs; ghlrhiy
,g;Ngh nuhk;g mofhf
,Uf;fpwNj.
gps;isfSk; xOq;fhf
,Uf;fpwhh;fs;.
ghlrhiyapd;
,e;j Kd;Ndw;wk;
mayth;fshd
vq;fSf;F kfpo;r;rpia
jUfpwJ.
gps;isfNs
ve;j cjtp
NtZkhdhYk;
NfSq;fs;.
cq;fs;
md;Gf;F
ed;wp
khkh.
29

%d;W khjq;fspd; gpd;
ey;y nra;jp Kj;jypg;!
rhh;! kuf;fwp> goq;fis
gwpf;f fhyk; te;jhr;R. thu
,Wjpapy; ghlrhiyapy; xU
re;ij $l;lyhkh?
rpq;fk; khkhitAk;>
rphp khkhitAk;
miog;Nghk;. mth;fs;
Kjypy; nghUs;fis
thq;fl;Lk;. mth;fs;
jhd; vq;fSf;F
Njitahdnjy;yhk;
nfhLj;Jjtpdhh;fs;.
cjtpatUf;F
ed;wpf;fld; nrYj;Jk;
ey;y Fzj;ij
ghuhl;LfpNwd;.
gps;isfs; vdf;F
ngUikahapUf;F.
fl;lhak; mth;fis
mioAq;fs;.
30

tzf;fk;
kfNs.
tzf;fk; rpq;fk;
khkh. thUq;fs;.
vq;fs; re;ijia
ghUq;fs;.
MANghtd;
kfs;.
MANghtd;!
rphp khkh.
thq;Nfh.
vq;fs; re;ij
vg;gb?
,e;j gj;jphpiff; fl;il
mg;gbNa ehd;
thq;fpNwd;.
rhp.
vdf;Fk;
MANghtd;
nrhy;yyhNk.
31

,e;j ntz;ilf;fha;fs;
Gjprhf ,Uf;Nf!
,uz;L fpNyh
jhUq;fs;.
nfhk;Ngh];l;
vj;jid
gg;ghrpg;gok;
NtZk;
khkp?
,e;j re;ijia
mbf;fb $l;l
NtZk; kfd;.
,uz;L
goq;fs;
NghJk;.
,e;j kuf;fwpfs;
,aw;if grisapy;
tsh;e;jit. vkf;F
ey;yJ.
gps;isfs;
kfh
nfl;bf;fhuh;.
,uz;L gpb
ty;yhiu.
ey;y
khjphp.
Mkhk;.
khkp
nfha;ahg;gok;.
Ntz;lhkh
32

vq;fs; tpw;gidahy;
fzprkhd njhif
fpilj;jpUf;F rhh;.
Mkhk;. nks[_l; ,J
cq;fs; Kjy; Kaw;rp.
vdf;F re;Njh\k;
gps;isfNs.
kPz;Lk; elj;Jk;gb
ngw;Nwhh;
nrhy;fpwhh;fs;
rhh;.
ePq;fs;
mUikahf
nra;jPh;fs;.
ghlrhiy guhkhpg;Gf;fhf
gzj;ij Nrkpg;Gf;
fzf;fpy; NghLNthk;.
mJ jhd;
rhp.
,J njhlUk;
rhh;. ehk;
fLikahf
ciog;Nghk;.
33

md;ghd gps;isfNs
ghlrhiyia juk;
cah;j;j vt;tsNth
ghLgl;Bh;fs;.
vy;yhUk;
fLikahf
cioj;jPh;fs;
Mrphpah; FONt
cq;fis vz;zp
ngUikg;gLfpwJ.
,ijj;
njhlh;tPh;fs;
vd;w ek;gpf;if
vkf;F cz;L.
34

mutpe;j
tpj;jpahyak;
M`h ghlrhiy
,g;Ngh vt;tsT
mofhfTk;>
Rj;jkhfTk;
,Uf;fpwJ.
,q;Nf tUtNj
Mde;jk;.
gps;isfs; re;Njh\
khapUe;jhy; ey;yijNa
nra;thh;fs;.
35

ghlrhiy fPjk;
ghlrhiyNa vkjpy;yk;
ehk; thOk; kW ,y;yk;
xw;Wikaha; ehk; vy;NyhUk;
$bf;Fyhtp kfpOk; ,lk;
fy;tpapy; rpwe;j Mz;fsha;
mwptpy; Kjph;e;j ngz;fsha;
tho;tpy; cah;e;jplg; ghlq;fs;
,q;Nf fw;Wj; Njh;e;jpLNthk;
gs;spf;$lNk vkjpdpa
fy;tpj; jha; vdg; Nghw;wpLNthk;
tho;tpy; mtis ve;ehSk;
kwNthk; kwNthk; kwNthNk
vOj;jwptpj;j md;idapd; kfpik xsptPr
kdq;fdpe;njq;fs; md;gpid ehk;
gzpTld; mts; jd; ghjq;fspy;
itj;J tzq;fpg; Nghw;wpLNthk;.
36