Dějiny věd a techniky 2015, 4

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Alma mater Carolo-Ferdinandea bohemica – Alma mater Jagellonica Mutual inspirations and contacts between Czech Charles-Ferdinand University in Prague and Jagiellonian University in Cracow 1882–1918 Marek Ďurčanský Abstract. As Charles-Ferdinand University was divided into German and Czech part in 1882, Jagiellonian University in Cracow (together with the other Galician university in Lwow) became the potential allies and inspirations for the Czech part of the university in Prague. The article is focused on the forms of mutual collaboration and influence (for example the questions of language, structure of the university and relationship with scientific academies) in the frames of the “nationalization of scientific knowledge” conception. Alma mater česká Carolo-Ferdinandea – Alma mater Jagellonica. Vzájemné inspirace a kontakty mezi českou Karlo-Ferdinandovou univerzitou v Praze a Jagellonskou univerzitou v Krakově v letech 1882–1918. Když byla v roce 1882 Karlo-Ferdinandova univerzita rozdělena na německou a českou část, krakovská Jagellonská univerzita (spolu s další haličskou univerzitou ve Lvově) se stala možným spojencem a inspirací pro českou část pražské univerzity. Článek je zaměřen na formy vzájemné spolupráce a vlivu (například v otázkách jazyka, struktury univerzity a vztahů s vědeckými akademiemi) v rámci koncepce „nacionalizace vědeckého poznání“. Keywords: Czech Charles-Ferdinand University ● Jagiellonian University ● Czech-Polish relations ● history of universities The adjective “bohemica” in the name of one of two Prague universities in the last three decades of the existence of Austria-Hungary symbolizes the turning point of higher education in the Czech lands and of the process of its nationalization: namely the dividing of the old studium generale in Prague into a Czech and a German part. This was a big victory for Czech national oriented The basic synthetic work on the history of Charles University on the occasion of its anniversary in 1998: František KAVKA – Josef PETRÁŇ (eds.). Dějiny Univerzity 259
DVT – DĚJINY VĚD A TECHNIKY XLVIII (2015), 4 professors, but it took them several years to establish its economic and organizational basis and to make the international community used to the fact of the division. The Polish scientific milieu in Galicia had much more understanding for this event than the one in Western Europe. A significant example can be cited. In January 1883, i. e. already in the beginning of the existence of the divided university in Prague, came a letter from Lemberg – the second Polish university in Galicia. In the name of its academic senate, the rector send some reprints to the Czech university in Prague, and welcomed it among other universities in Cisleithania as a “national institution”. Five years later the ancient university in Bologna celebrated eight hundred years of its existence. Nobody in the organizing committee in Bologna noticed that there were two Charles-Ferdinand Universities in Prague, so only one invitation was sent. It was delivered (due to a mistake of the post) to the German University. When the information reached the rector of the Czech University (only by accident via the official board of the German University), he made a quick attempt to receive a separate invitation for his school. Thanks to the understanding of the organizers in Bologna, who even apologized for the confusion, the situation ended happily and both Prague universities sent delegates to the anniversary. Karlovy [History of Charles University], 4 vol. Praha, Karolinum Press, 1995–1998. Later appeared also an abridged English translation: František KAVKA – Josef PETRÁŇ (eds.). History of Charles University, 2 vols. Prague, Karolinum Press 2001. Jagiellonian University in Cracow has no modern synthetic work on its history; cf. at least popular monograph Krzysztof STOPKA – Andrzej Kazimierz BANACH – Julian DYBIEC – Teresa BALUK-ULEWICZOWA. The History of the Jagiellonian University. Cracow, Jagiellonian University Press, 2000. Recently a valuable monograph on the followed period was released: Maria STINIA. Uniwersytet Jagielloński w latach 1871–1914. Modernizacja procesu nauczania [Jagiellonian University 1871–1914. A Modernization of the Education Process]. Cracow, 2014. Institute of the History of Charles University and Archive of Charles University in Prague, collection Akademický senát University Karlovy [Academic Senate of Charles University] 1882–1952, Addenda, box nr 29, a letter from the rector of Lemberg University B. Radziszewski to the rector of Czech Charles-Ferdinand University W. W. Tomek, 11. 1. 1883, Lemberg. „...ich von verflossenen Dezember eine Einladung an die Prager Universität ohne einer nähere Bezeichnung abgeschickt habe. Ich bekam eine höfliche Antwort von der deutschen C. Ferd. Universität, nicht wissend, daß in Prag zwei Universitäten wären, so hin glaubte ich daß alles richtig wäre.“ Ibidem, Addenda, box nr 29, a letter from the rector of University of Bologna to the rector of Czech Charles-Ferdinand University, 20. 5. 1888, Bologna (original and translation of the letter from Italian to German language). 260 Marek Ďurčanský
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