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b/n] %^ ;b:o lgjf{lrt 

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lkmlnk uf]Ghfn]; df]/fn]; 

j}b]lzs sfdbf/sf] lxtsf nflu 

ljBdfg >d;DaGwL sfg"gsf] 

sf7df8f} F-h;_–;"rgf tyf 

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k|To]s u|fdL0f ljBfnodf sDKo"6/ 

lzIff k'¥ofpg] p2]Zosf ;fy 

;/sf/n] hgtfnfO{ k|To]s nfe 

x'g] u/L b|'t ultdf sfd ug{ 

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p6\3f6g ub}{ dGqL a:g]tn] 

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cfof]lht kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf 

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u/] . æ;a}n] cfk\mgf sdLsdhf]/L 

;'wf/ u/L sDkgL / hgtfsf 

nflu ;fd"lxs efjgfsf ;fy 

hfgsf/L u/fpg'ePsf] xf] . 

pg g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lgdGq0ffdf 

cf7 lbg] e|d0fsf nflu oxL 

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df]/fn];n] j}b]lzs sfdbf/ / 

pgLx¿sf kl/jf/nfO{ dfgjflwsf/ 

;+/If0f;DaGwL cGt//fli6«o 

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cjut u/fpg l;kmfl/z u/]sf 

5g\ . d]gkfj/ Ph]G;Lsf] cg'udg 

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nflu cfjZos ;|f]t kof{Kt 

x'g'kg{] atfpFb} 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

hgtfnfO{ k|ToIf nfe x'g] u/L sfd ug{ dGqLsf] lgb]{zg 

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sfd ug'{k5{, To;f] u/]df dfq 

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Tuesday 6, February 2018 

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gofF ;/sf/ u7g x'g] atfPsf 

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cWoIf /f0ffn] Pdfn] / dfcf]jfbL 

s]Gb|aLr kf6L{ PsLs/0f eg] 

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eof] . a}7sdf ^ bnsf Ps–Ps k|b]z;ef 

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nflu tof/ kfl/Psf] cGtl/d sfo{ljlw 

@)&$ nfO{ a}7sn] kfl/t u¥of] . 

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a}7s ;~rfng ug{ u0f]z tfdfª, 

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/fwf yfkf / lji0f' t'DafxfDkm]nfO{ tf]Sg] 

sfd eof] . a}7ssf] k|f/Dedf 1ft c1ft 

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sf7df8f}F-h;_–åGåsfnLg 

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;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] cfb]zfg';f/ 

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b'O{ cfof]usf] P]g ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ 

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tyf d]nldnfk / a]kQf kfl/Psf 

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Ps jif{sf nflu cfof]un] ;do 

yk ug{ rfx]sf v08df yKg 

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klg ;/sf/n] b'j} cfof]usf] 

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cfof]usf cWoIf cg'k/fh 

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lgb]{zgfTds cfb]zfg';f/ 

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cfof]unfO{ :jtGq 9+un] sfd 

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ckx/0f, oftgf, anfTsf/ tyf 

of}g b'/frf/;DaGwL df Ifdfbfg, 

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sfo{ gug]{÷gu/fpg] tl/sfn] 

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lbP . cWoIf zdf{n] 

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ljBfnodf sDKo"6/ lzIff k'¥ofpg] p2]Zosf ;fy ;/sf/n] z'¿df 

sDtLdf !$ lhNnfdf sfd z'¿ ul/;s]sf] hfgsf/L lbP . ;~rf/ 

/fHodGqL tKtaxfb'/ lji6n] lghL sDkgL;Fusf] s8f k|ltikwf{ 

ug'{kg]{ ;Gbe{df ;fd"lxs pT;fxsf ;fy sfd ug{'kg]{df hf]8 lbP . 

g]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8sf cWoIf bLuDa/ emfn] 

g]kfn 6]lnsdn] hgtfnfO{ 7Ug glbg ;kmn eP klg k|ltikwf{df 

eg] cf]/fnf] nfUb} uPsf] 5 eg] . 6]lnsdsL k|aGw lgb]{zs sfldgL 

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nfv @@ xhf/dfq /x]sfdf clxn] sDkgLn] d'n'ssf] && lhNnf / 

;ft j6} k|b]zdf tf/;lxt / tf/;lxtsf ;]jf tyf ;]jf ;~rfngdf 

NofPkl5 sDkgLsf] u|fxs cfwf/df lg/Gt/ j[l4 eO{ Ps s/f]8 *% 

nfv gfl3;s]sf] hfgsf/L lbP . 

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kmf]g ;Dks{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg gd:t] qm]l86 ;]jfsf] ;k\m6 n~r 

u/]sf] 5 . sfo{qmddf @) jif{ :yfoL ;]jf ug]{ (^ hgf sd{rf/LnfO{ 

@) jif]{ kbs k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . To;}u/L ljqm]tf sDkgL÷JolQm tyf 

ut jif{ ;jf{lws lan e'QmfgL ug]{ u|fxsnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/of] . 

dGqfnosf lgldQ ;lrj tyf 6]lnsdsf cWoIf k|]ds'df/ >]i7n] 

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;/sf/L :jfldTjsf] g]kfn b"/;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8 -g]kfn 

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@)&#÷)&$ df ? $$ ca{ %( s/f]8 cfDbfgL u/]sf] 5 . h'g 

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$$ ca{ @) s/f]8 cfDbfgL u/]sf] sDkgLsf] !$ cf}F jflif{sf]T;jsf] 

cj;/df ;f]daf/ cfof]lht sfo{qmddf hfgsf/L lbOof] . o;}u/L, 

sDkgLsf] v'b gfkmfdf !# bzdnj $@ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ cfj 

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k|ltz]o/ cfDbfgLdf j[l4 eO{ cfj @)&#÷)&$ df ? !)@ bzdnj 

$( k'u]sf] 5 . 

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cfk\mgf z]o/wgLnfO{ @)&#÷)&$ sf] nfef+z xfn;Dds} ;jf{lws 

cyf{t k|ltz]o/ ? %% sf b/n] pknAw u/fpg ;kmn ePsf] 

5 . o;nfO{ sDkgLsf] ;kmntfsf ?kdf lnOPsf] 6]lnsdsf k|aGw 

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ug]{ sfo{qmd klg to ul/Psf] 5 . 

k|b]z ! sf] a}7s M …ljsf; / ;d[l4sf 

nflu :j:y k|lt:kwf{ u/f}+Ú 

æljsf; / ;d[l4 ;a}sf] ;femf 

Ph]08f x'g'k5{ . oxL nIo k|flKtsf nflu 

:j:Yo k|lt:kwf{ u/f}F .ÆlhNnf ;dGjo 

;ldltsf] ;efejgdf ePsf] k|b]z g+ ! 

sf] klxnf] P]ltxfl;s k|b]z;ef a}7sdf 

;f]daf/ oxL ljrf/ d'vl/t eof] . a}7sdf 

5 /fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglw / Ps :jtGq 

;f+;bn] cf–cfk\mgf dGtJo /fv]sf lyP . 

pgx?n] k|fs[lts ;Dkbfdf wgL k|b]z g+ ! 

df wfld{s:yn, ko{6sLo:yn, ;+;f/s} cUnf] 

lxdfn, jghª\un, vfgLnufotsf wfld{s 

/ k|fs[lts ;Dkbf /x]sf] eGb} of] k|b]znfO{ 

d'n'ss} ;d[4 k|b]z agfpg /fhgLlts 

:jfy{eGbf dfly p7\g'kg]{df hf]8 lbP . 

a}7sdf klxnf] jQmf g]skf 

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lgb]{zs sfldgL /fhe08f/L atfOg . 6]lnsdn] cfj @)&#÷)&$ 

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cfwf/ to u/]/ sfdbf/ k7fpg / uGtJo d'n'saLr låkIfLo 

;Demf}tf ljsf; ug{ / sfdbf/sf nflu Gofosf] ;xh kx'Frsf] 

Joj:yf agfpg'k5{Æ ljz]if ;dfwLIfs df]/fn];n] eg] . pgn] 

dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf a]rlavgdf ;+nUgnfO{ s8f sf/afxL ug{, 

sfdbf/sf] sfd ug{] If]q, ;Lk, sfo{ljj/0f, kfl/>ldssf] dfkb08 

lgwf{/0fnufotsf] plrt Joj:yf ug{ l;kmfl/z u/] . 

;/sf/n] sfdsf nflu ljb]lzPsf sfdbf/sf] >d clwsf/ 

;+/If0f ug{ ljleGg P]g lgod agfO{ nfu" u/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] ;g\ 

@))& df j}b]lzs /f]huf/ P]g, @))* df j}b]lzs /f]huf/ lgodfjnL, 

@)!@ df j}b]lzs /f]huf/ gLlt, @)!% df lgMz'Ns k|j]zf1f / l6s6 

gLltnufot sfg"gL / ;+/rgfut Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . o; If]qnfO{ 

yk Jojl:yt agfpg ;DalGwt dGqfnoaLr cfk;L ;dGjo ug{ / 

g]kfnsf] ljleGg u|fdL0f If]qdf ;r]tgf sfo{qmd ug{ hf]8 lb+b} ljz]if 

;dfwLIfs df]/fn];n] eg], æljBdfg sfg"gsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog 

/ cg'udgsf] /fd|f] Joj:yf xf];\ eGg] d]/f] ;'emfj 5 .Æ 

;/sf/n] sl/a Ps xhf/ ;+:yfnfO{ j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf nflu 

sfdbf/ k7fpg] cg'dlt kq k|bfg u/]sfdf lghL If]qsf] cg'udg 

k|0ffnL sdhf]/ b]lvPsf] / d]gkfj/n] sfdbf/;Fu rsf{] z'Ns lng] 

u/]sf] u'gf;f] 5 . e|d0fsf qmddf pgn] g]kfnL k|jf;L sfdbf/sf] 

xsclwsf/ ;+/If0fdf ;+nUg ;/sf/L clwsf/L, /f]huf/bftf lgsfo 

cfk|jf;g;DaGwL dfldnfsf lhDd]jf/ lgsfo, gful/s ;dfh, 6«]8 

o'lgog, cGt//fli6«o ;+u7g, gful/s ;dfh, j}b]lzs /f]huf/Laf6 

:jb]z kms]{sf JolQm tyf ltgsf kl/jf/;Fu ljrf/ljdz{ ul/Psf] 

pgn] hfgsf/L u/fP . 

;f] qmddf ljz]if ;dfwLIfs df]/fn];n] sf7df8f}Fsf ljleGg 

If]q, s}nfnL / df]/ªsf] ;d]t :ynut e|d0f u/]sf lyP . 

ljz]if ;dfwLIfs df]/fn];n] cfufdL h]7÷c;f/df ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo 

dfgjflwsf/ kl/ifb\df g]kfn;DaGwL lj:t[t k|ltj]bg k|:t't ug'{x'g] 

atfOPsf] 5 . g]kfnaf6 b}lgs cf}krfl/s ?kdf Ps xhf/ %)) 

sfdbf/ j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf lglDt ljleGg vf8Ld'n's hfg] u/]sf 

5g\ eg] b]zsf] s"n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgdf ljk|]if0fsf] #) k|ltzt 5 . 

;dfrf/ 

k|b]z ! df k|b]z;ef a}7s ;DkGg 

…cbfntsf] cfb]zfg';f/ b'O{ 

cfof]usf] P]g ;+zf]wg x'g'kg]{Ú 

lxdfn, kxf8 / t/fO{ ldn]/ ag]sf] o; 

k|b]zdf ljsf;sf] k|r"/ ;Defjgf /x]sf] 

/ ljsf;sf] 9f]sf vf]Ng ;a} Psh'6 

x'g'kg]{ atfP . s[lif / hn;|f]tsf] 

ljsf; u/L cf}Bf]lus ultljlwnfO{ ult 

lbg'kg]{ pgsf] egfO lyof] . g]kfnL 

sfFu|];sf ;f+;b rGb|k|;fb >]i7n] ax'hflt 

/ ax'wfld{s ;d'bfoaLr efjgfTds 

Pstf sfod ug]{ bfloTj cfk"mx?sf] 

sfFwdf /x]sf] atfP . g]skf -dfcf]jfbL 

s]Gb|_ sf ;f+;b OGb|axfb'/ cfª\af]n] Kf|fKt 

pknlAwnfO{ /Iff u/L hgtfsf aLrdf 

ul/Psf k|lta4tfnfO{ k"/f ug'{kg]{ wf/0ff 

JoQm u/] . a]/f]huf/L ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg 

vf]Hg'kg]{df pgsf] hf]8 lyof] . ;+3Lo 

;dfhjfbL kmf]/d g]kfnsf ;f+;b\ ho/fd 

ofbjn] /fli6«o Pstf / ;fj{ef}ldstfnfO{ 

cIf'00f /fVg'kg]{ atfP . :yfoL ;/sf/ 

gag];Dd k|b]zsf] klg ljsf; x'g g;Sg] 

eGb} pgn] jfd u7aGwgnfO{ :yfoL ;/sf/ 

agfpg cfu|x u/] . /fk|kfsf ;f+;b OlGb/f 

/fO{n] hftLotf / If]qLotfaf6 dfly p7]/ 

cufl8 a9\g'kg]{ wf/0ff k|s6 u/] . ;ª\3Lo 

nf]stflGqs /fli6«o d~rsf ;f+;b lji0f' 

t'DafxfDkm]n] cl:tTj klxrfgsf nflu 

;ª\3if{ eO/x]sf] pNn]v ub} { k|b]z g+ ! sf] 

k'gM;Ldfª\sg x'g'k5{ eg] . :jtGq ;f+;b 

gf/fo0faxfb'/ du/n] k|b]z g+ ! sf ljleGg 

ko{6sLo :yn / lxdz[ª\vnfsf] k|rf/af6 

nfvf} F ko{6s leqØfpg ;lsg] ;DefjgfnfO{ 

cf}+NofP . 

df}lns klx/gdf ;f+;b 

clwsf+z k|b]z;ef ;b:o bf}/f 

;'?jfndf lyP . ;ª\3Lo ;dfhjfbL 

kmf]/dsf ;b:o ho/fd ofbj s'tf{ 

kfOhfdf, a08L / uD5fdf lyP . 

clwsf+z dlxnf ;f+;b ;f8L rf]nf]df 

lyP eg] ;f]n'vDa'sf] …vÚ sf k|b]z;ef 

;b:o a'l4s'df/ /fhe08f/Ln] z]kf{sf] 

klx/g 5]jf -aVv'_ / z]kf{nL 6f]kL 

nufPsf lyP . a}7s:yndf s8f 

;'/Iff Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyof] . 

ODaf]:8 gDa/Kn]6af6 

em'lSsG5g\ 6«flkms k|x/L g} 

bfo/fdf Nofpg / b'j} cfof]un] 

l;kmfl/z u/]sf] d'2fsf] zL3| 

;'g'jfO ug{ tyf kLl8t, ;fIfL / 

k|df0fsf] ;'/Iff tyf ;+/If0f ug{ sf7df8f}F-h;_–ODaf]:8 L;fwgnfO{ Joj:yfkg ug{sf 

h?/L 5 eg] . 

gDa/ Kn]6 /fv]/ rn]sf nflu oftfoft sfof{no;Fu 

g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf kf]ln6Ao"/f] ;jf/L;fwgb]lv 6«flkms k|x/L ;dGjog u/]/ 6«flkms k|x/LnfO{ 

;b:o clUg v/]nn] cbfntsf] em'lSsg] u/]sf 5g\ . ODaf]:8 tfnLdsf] Joj:yf ug{ nfluPsf] 

cfb]zfg';f/ cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08, gDa/Kn]6 h8fg z'? ePsf] atfpF5g\ . æg]kfndf ODaf]:8 Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . 

dfgjflwsf/d}qL / kLl8tnfO{ gDa/ c+u|]hLdf n]lvFbf / pQm gDa/Kn]6sf] yfngL ev{/} o;}u/L 

Gofo ldNg] u/L ;/sf/n] gDa/ Kn]6df 6«flkms Joj:yfkg ePsfn] z'?df em'lSsg' :jefljs 

hlt;Sbf] l56f] P]g ;+zf]wg ug{ afgL gkbf{ em'lSsg] u/]sf xf], xfdL ;a} 6«flkms k|x/LnfO{ 

ug{'kg]{ atfpFb} cWofb]zdfkm{t x'g\ . dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{ocg';f/ ODaf]:8 gDa/Kn]6af/] rfF8} g} 

cfof]unfO{ hLjg lbg] sfd k|b]zdf cfwfl/t ODaf]:8 gDa/ tfnLd lbG5f}F,Æ– pgL eG5g . 

ul/Psf] t/ ;/sf/n] cfof]udf Kn]6 /fVg'kg]{ Joj:yf u/]sf] xf] . ;/sf/n] jfUdtL c~rndf btf{ 

sfd ug]{ tl/sfn] geO{ emf/f b/af/dfu{ 6«flkms sfof{nodf ePsf rf/kf+u|]|] ;jf/L;fwgdf 

6fg]{ sfd u/]sf] cf/f]k nufP . sfo{/t Ps k|x/L hjfg ODaf]:8 clgjfo{?kdf ODaf]:8 gDa/Kn]6 

g]kfnL sfFu]|;sf g]tf 8f gf/fo0f gDa/ Kn]6sf ;jf/L;fwgaf6 h8fg ug{'kg]{ Joj:yf u/]kl5 

v8\sfn] kLl8tnfO{ Gofo lbg cfkm" em'lSsg] u/]sf] atfpF5g\ . clxn] wdfwd ODaf]8 gDa/Kn]6 

l9nfO ubf{ cGt/f{li6«o hut\n] æg]kfnL gDa/ Kn]6sf /fVg] sfd eO/x]sf] 5 . 

;d]t x]l//x]sf] x'gfn] ;dofjlw ;jf/L;fwgsf] Joj:yfkg ub}{ oftfoft Joj:yf ljefun] 

yk u/] klg tTsfn P]g cfPsfdf ODaf]:8 gDa/Kn]6sf jfUdtL c~rndf btf{ ePsf 

;+zf]wg ug{ h?/L 5 eGb} b'O{ ;jf/L;fwg cfpFbf z'?z'?df ;/sf/L / ;+:yfgsf ;jf/Lsf 

cfof]u / ;DalGwt lgsfo;Fu s'g ;jf/L;fwg xf]nf eg]/ nflu cfufdL r}t d;fGtleq 

5nkmn u/L hlt;Sbf] cGof]n x'Fbf] /x]5,Æ– pgL eG5g . / c? ;jf/L;fwgnfO{ @)&% 

l56f] lgisif{df k'Ug'kg]{df pkTosfdf ODaf]:8 gDa/Kn]6sf c;f/ d;fGt;Dd clgjfo{?kdf 

hf]8 lbP . åGåkLl8t ;femf ;jf/L;fwg u'8\g yfn]kl5 ODaf]:8 gDa/Kn]6 h8fg ug{'kg]{ 

rf}tf/Lsf cWoIf ;'dg clwsf/Ln] ;j{;fwf/0f dfq geO{ clwsf+z Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . To;kl5 qmdzM 

cfof]udf lgo'Qm kbflwsf/Ln] 6«flkms k|x/L g} em'lSsg] u/]sf c? ;jf/L;fwgdf ODaf]:8Kn]6 

sfd ug]{ OR5f zlQm gb]vfP 5g\ . ODaf]:8 gDa/Kn]6sf] 1fg h8fg sfo{ ul/g]5 . ;/sf/n] 

nDAofP/ /fVg'kg]{ cfjZostf gx'g' / h8fg sfo{ z'? ePsfn] clxn] kfFr k|sf/sf] ODaf]8 

gePsf] atfpFb} bnaLr ;xdlt clwsf+z 6«flkms k|x/L em'lSsg] gDa/Kn]6sf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 

u/]/ cfof]unfO{ ;|f]t;fwg u/]sf x'g\ . 

5 . h;dWo] /fi6«kltsf] ;jf/ 

;DkGg agfO{ P]g ;+zf]wg u/]/ dxfgu/Lo 6«flkms L;fwgnfO{ lgzfg 5fk;lxtsf] 

Jojl:Yft ug'{kg]{ h?/L b]lvPsf] k|x/L dxfzfvfsf k|d'v ;j]{Gb| gDa/, ;/sf/L / ;+:yfgnfO{ 

egfO /fv] . 

vgfn ODaf]:8 gDa/sf] ;jf/ ;]tf] Kn]6df /ftf] gDa/, 

k|b]z;ef ;b:o cf}krfl/s kf]zfsdf 

Kff]v/f-h;_–k|fs[lts Pj+ ef}uf]lns 

ljljwtfn] el/k"0f{ ko{6sLo gu/L kf]v/fdf 

k|b]z g+ $ k|b]z;efsf] klxnf] a}7sdf 

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] efjgfcg'?k ;fdflhs, 

;f+:s[lts, eflifs / hftLo ljljwtf 

5n{ª\u b]lvPsf] 5 . g]kfnL hgtfsf] 

7"nf] alnbfgaf6 hf/L ePsf] ;+ljwfg 

sfof{Gjogsf] dxTjk"0f{ kf6f] dflgPsf] 

k|b]z;efsf] a}7sdf cfpg] w]/}h;f] ;b:o 

cf}krfl/s kf]zfsdf b]lvGy] . /ftf] sfk]{6s} 

emNsf] lbg] lsl;dn] laR5fOPsf] /ftf] 8f]/ 

d]6 k|of]u u/]/ lrl6Ss ;hfOPsf] gbLk'/ 

l:ytl:yt k|b]z;efsf] a}7sdf cf}krfl/s 

kf]zfssf ;fy k|b]z;ef ;b:o k|j]z u/]sf] 

b[Zo lgs} cfsif{s b]lvPsf] lyof]. 

laxfg !!=)@ ah] hgfp 306L aHg' 

cufj} k|b]z;ef ;b:o a}7s:yn k|j]z 

ul/;s]sf lyP . hftLo ljljwtf :ki6 

b]lvg] o; k|b]z;df #) hgf v;cfo{, @% 

hgf cflbjf;L hghflt, tLghgf blnt 

/ Pshgf cNk;+Vos ;b:o 5g\ . To:t} 

o; k|b]zdf $) k'?if tyf @) dlxnf 

5g\ . hDdf ^) ;b:on] k|ltlglwTj 

ug]{ ;f] k|b]zsf] ef}uf]lns l;dfgf 

lxdfnkfl/sf] lhNnf dgfª d':tfªb]lv 

t/fO{sf] ;':tf;Dd km}lnPsf] 5 . o; 

k|b]zdf uf]/vf, ndh'ª, sf:sL tgx'F, 

:ofª\hf, gjnk/f;L, d':tfª, DofUbL, 

afun'ª, kj{t / dgfª u/L !! j6f 

lhNnf 5g\ . zlgaf/ a;]sf] ;j{bnLo 

s"6gLlts ;]tf] Kn]6df lgnf] 

gDa/, lghL ;]tf] Kn]6df sfnf] 

gDa/ / ef8fsf ;jf/L;fwgnfO{ 

kx]Fnf] Kn]6df sfnf] gDa/ /fVg] 

ODaf]:8 

gDa/sf] z'?sf] cIf/ qmdzM 

df]6/;fOsnsf] …PÚ, sf/, lhk 

8]nLe/L Eofgsf] …jLÚ, 6]Dkf] / 

c6f]l/S;fsf] …;LÚ, kfj/ l6n/sf] 

…l8Ú, 6«ØfS6/sf] …OÚ ldlgj;sf] … 

PkmÚ, 6«s a; …hLÚ u/L /flvPsf] 

5 . ODaf]:8 gDa/ lng'eGbf 

cufl8 oftfoft sfof{nodf 

clxn];Dd afFsL /x]sf] ;jf/L 

s/ a'emfP/ dfq cfj]bg lbg'kg]{ 

x'G5 . klxnf] r/0fdf rf/kfFu|] 

;fgf tyf 7"nf ;jf/L wgLn] 

dfq} ODaf]:8Kn]6sf nflu cfj]bg 

lbg ;Sg]5g\ . oftfoft Joj:yf 

ljefusf dxflgb]{zs ?kgf/fo0f 

e§/fO{ xfn;Dd Ps xhf/ 

@)) ;jf/L;fwgdf ODaf]:8 

gDa/Kn]6 h8fg ul/;lsPsf] 

atfpF5g\ . æb}lgs !)) b]lv 

!%) ;jf/L;fwgdf ODaf]:8 

gDa/Kn]6 h8fg eO/x]sf] 

5,Æ– pgL eG5g . sfof{nodf 

xfn;Dd ODaf]:8 gDa/Kn]6 

/fVgsf nflu sl/a rf/ xhf/ 

cfj]bg kl/;s]sf] dxflgb]{zs 

e§/fO{ atfpF5g\ . 

a}7df k'?ifsf nflu bf}/f;'?jfn sf]6, ;'6 

kfOG6 jf hftLo klxrfg emlNsg] kf]zfs 

lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] lyof] eg] dlxnfsf nflu 

;f8L rf]nf], ;'6 kfOG6 jf hftLo klxrfg 

emlNsg] kf]zfs lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . 

k|b]z g+ $ df k|d'v bn g]skf 

-Pdfn]_sf @&, g]kfnL sfFu|];sf !%, 

g]skf dfc]fjfbL s]Gb|sf !@, /fli6«o 

hgdf]rf{sf tLg, gofF zlQmsf b'O{ / :jtGq 

Pshgf 5g\ . 

clwsf+z g]kfnL sfdbf/ r/d cfly{s cefjsf] cj:yf, e"ld / 

/f]huf/ u'dfPsf, C0f ltg{, aRrfsf] /fd|f] eljionufot sf/0fn] 

vf8Lsf b]zdf sfdsf nflu ljb]lzg afWo 5g\ . 

/fli6«o;ef== 

@ gDa/ k|b]zdf /fli6«o;ef ;b:o, :yfgLo lgsfosf k|d'v / 

pkk|d'v u/L #&( dtbtf 5g\ . @&@ :yfgLo hgk|ltlglw / !)& 

;ft hgf k|b]z;ef ;b:o 5g\ . @ gDa/ k|b]zdf ;a}eGbf a9L @( 

hgf k|b]z ;f+;b ;‹Lo ;dfhjfbL kmf]/dsf 5g\ . bf];|f]df /fhkfsf 

@, t];|f]df Pdfn]sf @! / rf}yf]df sfFu|];sf !( ;f+;b 5g\ . To;}u/L 

dfcf]jfbLsf !!, g];;sf ! / :jtGqsf ! ;f+;b 5g\ . k|b]z g+ # df 

/fli6«o;ef ;b:osf dtbtf #$* 5g\ . h;df Pdfn]sf ;a}eGbf 

a9L k|b]z ;f+;b 5g\ . oxfF Pdfn]sf %* ;f+;b 5g\ eg] bf];|f]df 

dfcf]jfbLsf @# / t];|f]df sfFu|];sf @! hgf 5g\ . ljj]szLnsf 

#, g]dlskfsf @, /fk|kf, /fk|kf k|hftflGqs / gofF zlQmsf PsPs 

;f+;b hf]8\bf !!) ;f+;b x'G5g\ . of] k|b]zdf k|b]z ;f+;bafx]s 

:yfgLo lgsfosf k|d'v tyf pkk|d'v u/L @#* hgf hf]8\bf #$* 

dtbftf x'G5g\ . 

rf/ gDa/ k|b]zdf Pdfn]sf @&, sfFu|];sf !%, dfcf]jfbL 

s]Gb|sf !@ 5g\ eg] /fhdf]sf # ;f+;b 5g\ . gofF zlQmsf @ / :jtGq 

! u/L of] k|b]zdf ^) k|b]z;ef ;f+;b 5g\ . rf/ gDa/ k|b]zdf 

:yfgLo lgsfosf k|d'v / pkk|d'v !&) hgf hf]8\bf /fli6«o;efsf 

@#) dtbtf x'G5g\ . of] k|b]zsf :jtGq ;f+;b lbks dgfË]n] zky 

lnPsf 5}gg\ . pgn] zky glnPkl5 pgsf] u0fgf x'Fb}g . % gDa/ 

k|b]zdf Pdfn]sf $! ;f+;b 5g\ eg] dfcf]jfbL @) / sfFu|];sf hgf 

!( 5g\ . oxfF ;‹Lo ;dfhjfbL kmf]/dsf %, /fhkf / /fhdf]sf 

PsPs ;f+;b 5g\ . ;a} hf]8\bf *& ;f+;b k'U5g\ . :yfgLo txsf 

@!* dtbftf 5g\ . k|b]z ;f+;b / :yfgLo k|d'v / pkk|d'v hf]8\bf 

#)% hgf dtbtf k'U5g\ . 

/fli6«o;ef lgjf{rgsf nflu ;a}eGbf yf]/} dtbtf ^ gDa/ 

k|b]zdf 5g\ . of] k|b]zdf hDdf !(* dfq} dtbtf 5g\ . of] k|b]zdf 

Pdfn]sf tkm{af6 lgjf{lrt ePsf /fli6«o;ef ;b:o @), dfcf]jfbL 

!#, sfFu|]; ^ / /fk|kf ! u/L $) k|b]z ;f+;b 5g\ . To:t}, :yfgLo 

txsf k|d'v / pkk|d'v !%* /x]sf] of] k|b]zdf ;a} hf]8\bf !(* 

dtbftf x'G5g\ . of] k|b]zdf /fli6«o ;efdf lgjf{lrt %# dWo] Pdfn]sf 

@% hgf 5g\ . To;}u/L dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf !$, g]kfnL sfFu|];sf !@ / 

/fhkfsf @ hgf k|b]z ;f+;b 5g\ . & gDa/ k|b]zdf :yfgLo txsf 

k|d'v, pkk|d'v !&^ hf]8\bf @@( hgf dtbtf x'G5g\ . 

5fpk8L k|yf x6fpg cleofg 

;~rfng ug'{kg]{ 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–5fpk8L k|yfnfO{ cleofg g} ;~rfng u/]/ 

x6fpg'kg]{ ;/f]sf/ ePsfx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . ;+o'Qm ljBfyL{ 

;+u7gn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] …5fpk8L k|yf pGd"ng cleofgÚ ljifosf] 

cGtlqm{ofdf Pdfn] kf]ln6Ao"/f] ;b:o ljGbf kf08]n] wd{u|Gydf 

geP/ klxn]b]lv rlncfPsf] s'k|yf ePsfn] ;tLk|yfnfO{ x6fP 

h:t} ;a} hfu?s x'g] xf] eg] cleofg ;~rfng u/]/ x6fpg'kg]{ 

atfP . pgn] ljBfno:t/sf] kf7Øqmddf 5fpk8L k|yf /fVg'kg{] 

;'emfj klg lbP . sfo{qmddf g]kfnL sfFu| ];sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o O{Zj/L 

Gof}kfg]n] 5fpk8L k|yfnfO{ /f]Sgsf nflu /fHo:t/af6 g} cleofg 

;~rfng ug' {kg] { atfP . g]skf -dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|_sL g]qL kfj{tL 

yfkfn] /fhgLlts bnn] klg 5fpk8L k|yflj?4 cleofg ;~rfng 

ug' {kg] { atfP . ;dfhzf:qL ljBf e§/fO{n] /fhgLlts bn;Fu k|ToIf 

hf]l8Psf ljBfyL{ ;+u7gn] 5fpk8L k|yf pGd"ng ug]{ cleofg 

;~rfng ug{ 'kg{ ]df hf]8 lbP . cg]/f:jljo'sf cWoIf gjLgf nfdfn] 

wd{, k/Dk/fsf] gfddf /x]sf] 5fpk8L k|yfn] dlxnfn] csfndf Hofg 

u'dfpg' k/]sfn] ;tLk|yf h:t} 5fpk8L k|yfnfO{ klg yGSofP/ /fVg'kg] 

atfOg . g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf cWoIf g}gl;+x dx/n] k|b]z g+ + ^ / & 

df 5fpk8Lh:tf s'k|yfn] h/f] uf8]sfn] o;nfO{ x6fpg h?/L /x]sf] 

atfP . cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_sf cWoIf /~hLt tfdfªn] d'n'sn] 

/fhgLlts n8fOFdf ;kmntf k|fKt u/];Fu} ca ;fdflhs–;f+:s[lts 

?kdf 5fpk8Lh:tf s'k|yfnfO{ x6fP/ ;kmntf k|fKt ug' {kg] { atfP . 

c5fd, afh'/f, 8f]6L, a}t8L, b}n]v, h'Dnf sfnLsf]6nufot lhNnfdf 

5fpk8L k|yf JofKt 5 . 

wd{n] ;dfhnfO{ zfGt /fV5 M bfxfn 

lrtjg-h;_–g]skf -dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|_ sf cWoIf k'iksdn 

bfxfn …k|r08Ún] wd{n] ;dfhnfO{ zfGt /fVb} dflg;nfO{ 

lgi7fjfg\ agfpg d2t ug]{ atfPsf 5g\ . un]Zj/ cf>d 

b]j3f6n] cfof]hgf u/]sf] wgwfGofrn lj/f6\ 1fg dxfo1nfO{ 

;f]daf/ tgx'Fsf] b]j3f6df ;Daf]wg ub}{ pgn] cWofTdn] ljs[lt 

/ lj;+ult x6fpgsf nflu 7"nf] d2t u/]sf] atfP . pgn] 

eg] æ ;sf/fTds lrGtgn] ;dfhdf zflGt x'g] / gsf/fTds 

lrGtgn] ;dfh lj36glt/ hfG5 .Æ cWoIf bfxfnn] b]j3f6sf 

cf>dnfO{ ljZj:t/sf] agfpg cfjZos /x]sf] atfpFb} dxfo1n] 

oxfFsf] wfld{s ko{6g ljsf; ug{ ;xof]u k'Ug] ljZjf; JoQm 

u/] . k"j{k|wfgdGqL bfxfnn] un]Zj/ cf>dn] ;~rfng u/]sf] 

j]b j]bfª\u ljBfno ejgsf] lznfGof;;d]t u/] . sfo{qmddf 

un]Zj/ cf>dsf kL7fwLz cfTdfgGb lu/L, g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ 

sf g]tf gf/fo0f bfxfn, b]j3f6 If]q ljsf; ;ldltsf cWoIf 

6+sgfy kf}8]n, ab|L ltldlN;gfnufotn] af]n]sf lyP . /fi6«klt 

ljBfb]jL e08f/Ln] cfOtaf/ pb\3f6g u/]sf] dxfo1 cfufdL 

kmfu'g @ ut];Dd rNg]5 . 

k|b]z;ef ;b:osf] Pp6} :j/ M 

c?eGbf ;d[4 agfpF5f}F 

Kff]v/f-h;_– k|b]z g+ $ sf] k|b]z;efsf] klxnf] a}7sdf 

;b:ox?n] k|b]z g+ $ nfO{ c?eGbf ;d[4 agfpg] c7f]6 u/]sf 

5g\ . pgLx¿n] lxdfnb]lv t/fO{;Ddsf e"efu ;d]l6Psf] ;f] 

k|b]zdf pknAw k|r"/ k|fs[lts ;fwg;|f]tsf] pkof]u Psfsf/ eP/ 

ug]{ atfP . k|b]z;ef ;b:o k[YjL;'Aaf u'?ªn] eg], æ;a}eGbf 

zfGt, ;'Gb/, ;d[4 / ;Eo k|b]z agfpg hgtfn] xfdLnfO{ lbPsf] 

cj;/nfO{ v]/ hfg lbg] 5}gf}F .Æ x/]s b[li6n] ;d[l4sf nflu 

;Defjgf af]s]sf] k|b]zdf cf}Bf]lusLs/0fsf] sdL ePsf] atfpFb} 

pgn] kfFr jif{leq ul/aLsf] /]vfd'lg /x]sf hgtfsf] ;+Vof cGo 

k|b]zeGbf lgs} sd t'NofOg] k|lta4tf u/] . k|b]z;ef ;b:o 

s[i0frGb| g]kfnLn] hgtfnfO{ nf]stGqsf] cfef; lbnfpgsf 

nflu ;d'Ggt / ;Eo k|b]z agfpg ljlw / ;'zf;gdf hf]8 lbg 

cfjZos 5 eg] . pgn] ;+ljwfgsf] efjgfcg';f/ ;dfg'kflts / 

;dfj]zL l;4fGtnfO{ cfTd;ft\ u/]/ cl3 a9\bf kmnbfoL kl/0ffd 

k|fKt x'g] kIfnfO{ b[li6ut u/L ldn]/ sfd ug'{k5{ eg] . 

yfkfsf] lgwg 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–hgsljs]z/L wd{/fh yfkfsL wd{kTgL 

Pj+ hgsljs]z/L wd{/fh–;fljqL k|lti7fgsL ;+/lIfsf ;fljqL 

yfkfsf] ;f]daf/ laxfg (! jif{sf pd]/df u|f08L c:ktfn 

6f]vfdf lgwg ePsf] 5 . s]xL ;dob]lv zf/Ll/s c:j:ytfsf 

sf/0f pkrf/ u/fO/x]sL yfkfsf] x[bof3ftaf6 lgwg ePsf] 

xf] . lj;+ !(*# df slknj:t'df hGd]sL pgn] hgsljs]z/L;Fu 

j}jflxs ;DaGwdf cfa4 ePkl5 af6'n]rf}/ kf]v/fdf hLjgsf] 

nfdf] sfnv08 latfPsl lyOg . kl5 pg Ho]i7 k'q dbg/fhsf] 

;]jf;'>"iffdf :joDe" sf7df8f}+Fdf a:b} cfPsL lyOg . pgsf tLg 

5f]/f / b'O{ 5f]/L 5g\ . 

cf]af]/nfO{ ;femf ljifo agfpg'kg]{ ;'emfj 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf g]tf dfwjs'df/ g]kfn 

O/fgdf ePsf] OG6/g]zgn sGkm/]G; ckm Plzog kf]lnl6sn 

kf6L{hsf] ;Dd]ngdf ;xefuL eO{ ;f]daf/ :jb]z lkmtf{ ePsf 

5g\ . lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yndf k"j{k|wfgdGqL g]kfnn] 

;~rf/sdL{;Fu s'/f ub{} ;Dd]ngdf ;xefuL /fi6«sf clwsf+z 

k|ltlglwn] Plzof If]qsf] ljsf; / cfly{s ;d[l4sf nflu … 

Ps If]q Ps dfu{Ú -cf]af]/_ nfO{ ;femf ljifo agfpg'kg]{ ;'emfj 

lbPsf] hfgsf/L lbP . g]kfnsf] zflGt k|lqmof / ljsf;sf nflu 

klg cf]af]/sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg'kg]{ pgsf] egfO 

lyof] . O/fgsf] /fhwfgL t]x/fgdf oxL df3 !( / @) ut] ePsf] 

;Dd]ngdf Plzofsf #)) eGbf a9L /fhgLlts bn ;xefuL 

lyP . ;Dd]ngdf ;xefuL x'g g]tf g]kfn oxL df3 !& ut] 

To;tkm{ k|:yfg u/]sf lyP .

pkTosf 

jfo' k|b"if0flj?4 df:sdf8f}F–# x'“b} 

nlntk'/-h;_–/fhwfgLDff k|b"if0flj?4 

hgr]tgf a9fpg / ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿nfO{ 

bafa l;h{gf df:sdf8f}F–# sf] cleofg 

z'? ug{ nfluPsf] 5 . 

a9\bf] ;jf/L ;fwg, ;8ssf] u'0f:t/ / 

cJojl:yt zx/Ls/0f;Fu} s]xL jif{otf 

/fhwfgL sf7df8f}F pkTosfsf] jfo' 

k|b"if0fsf] :t/ lgs} vl:sPsf] / o;n] 

jftfj/0f / hg:jf:Yodf k|ToIf c;/ 

k'¥ofPsf] eGb} To;sf] Go"gLs/0fsf 

nflu ;fd"lxs k|of;sf] vfFrf] cf}FNofpFb} 

;f] cleofg z'? ul/Psf] atfOPsf] 5 . 

:jR5 pmhf{ g]kfnsf] cfof]hgfdf z'? 

ul/Psf] of] cleofg t];|f] xf] . ;g\ @)!^ 

/ z'?df df:sdf8f}F klxnf] / bf];|f] ;DkGg 

ePsf] lyof] . df:s gnufO{ /fhwfgLdf 

lxF8\g g;lsg] cj:yfsf] cGTo ug{ o:tf 

cleofgn] ;xof]u k'Ug] ljZjf; lnOPsf] 

5 . 

ljleGg cWoogn] sf7df8f}Fsf] jfo' 

k|b"if0f ljZjd} cToGt pRr /x]sf] b]vfPsf] 

/ o;n] sf7df8f}Fsf] klxrfg cGt/f{li6«o 

;d'bfodf gsf/fTds kg{ uPsf] ;Gbe{df 

To;nfO{ x6fpg ;f] cleofgnfO{ lg/Gt/tf 

lbOPsf] :jR5 pmhf{ g]kfnsf sfo{qmd 

k|aGws /fhg yfkfn] atfP . ælxhf] 

dlGb/}dlGb/sf] zx/sf ?kdf lrlgg] 

sf7df8f}F ;f]daf/ k|b"lift zx/sf ?kdf 

abgfd x'Fbf ko{6gdf ;d]t gsf/fTds 

c;/ kg{ uPsf] 5Æ, yfkfn] eg] . 

xfn} ;fj{hlgs OGef/f]d]G6 

k/km/d]G; OG8]S; @)!*df !*) d'n'sdf 

ul/Psf] cWoogdf jfo' k|b"if0f a9L 

ePsf kfFr /fi6«sf] ;"rLdf g]kfn 

k/]sf] 5 . jfo' k|b"if0fsf] lx;fan] 

g]kfnsf] :t/ #!=$$ /x]sf] 5 . ;f] 

cleofgcGtu{t oxL df3 @% ut]b]lv 

;ftfJofkL ?kdf k|b"if0f a9L ePsf 

/fhwfgLsf rf]sx¿df k|b"if0fsf] 

ljljw snf / ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0fdf ;f+:s[lts ;+:yfg 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–;f+:s[lts ;+:yfgn] 

ljleGg hfthflt, ;+:s[lt tyf snf;Fu 

;DalGwt b]zsf b'n{e g[To, uLt;+uLtsf] 

;+/If0f ugf{sf ;fy} h'g;'s} a]nfdf tL 

snf / ;+:s[lt k|:t'tL ug{ ;lsg] hgfPsf] 

5 . ;f] ;+:yfgsf cg';f/ ah|ofg af}4 

k/Dk/fdf cfwfl/t rof{ g[To;lxt d~h'>L, 

cfo{tf/f, k~ra'4 tyf s'df/L, e}/jsfnL, 

ah|of]uLgL, tfdfª\u;]nf], ;fs]nf, lwdfn, 

;tf/, lwGtfd}, ;f]/7Lnufot %! k|sf/sf 

g[To, uLt;+uLt, nf]suLt,cflb /x]sf5g\ . 

g]kfndf nf]k x'g nfu]sf] ;+:s[lt, gf6s, 

g[To afhf tyf uLt;+uLtsf] ;+/If0f ug]{, 

vf]h tyf cg';Gwfg ug]{ p2]Zo /x]sf] 

;f] ;+:yfgn] xfn ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd 

ug]{, gfr, k|lzIffyL{nfO{ k|lzIf0f lbg], 

nf]kf]Gd'v snf, ;+:s[lt tyf gf6ssf] 

cg';Gwfg tyf vf]hlag ug]{ tyf k|lzIf0f 

k|fKt ljBfyL{nfO{ ljleGg ljb]zL d'n'sdf 

hfgsf nflu l;kmfl/z ug]{ sfd ub}{ 

cfPsf] 5 . 

;+:yfgsf ;"rgf clwsf/L 

kljqf kFu]gLn] ;+:yfgn] xfn lgoldt 

¿kdf g]kfnL efiffsf gf6s, g[To, 

nf]suLth:tf snf;+:s[ltsf] k|bz{g 

ug]{ ub}{ cfPsf] atfP . of] jif{ cfkm\g} 

sfof{no ;f+:s[lts ;+:yfg;lxt uf]s0f{ 

l/;f]6{, /fi6«klt ejg, e[s'6Ld08k, 

emfkfsf] ljtf{df]8, s}nfnLsf] 6Lsfk'/ 

h:tf :yfgdf dfbn k|ltof]lutf, ;fs{ 

cfl6{i6 SofDk, uf]kfn of]Ghg :d[lt 

sfo{qmd, uhn pT;j, g[To k|lzIf0f, 

;8s gf6s tyf ls/fFt]Zj/ zf:qLo 

;+uLt u/L s"n ^@ j6f sfo{qmd ;DkGg 

u/]sf] pgn] atfP . ;f+:s[lts ;+:yfgdf 

sfo{qmd cjnf]sgsf nflu cfPsf sd{ 

nfdfn] g]kfnsf] snf, ;+:s[lt tyf 

b'n{e gfrx¿sf] ;+/If0f u/L efjL 

lkF9LnfO{ klg x]g{] tyf cg''e"t ug]{ df}sf 

lbg' ;/sf/ tyf snfk|]dLsf] bfloTj 

/x]sf] atfP . pgn] g]kfnLsf cltl/Qm 

cGo efiffsf jfBjfbg, snf, ;+:s[lt 

j}lbs 1fgnfO{ lj1fg;Fu hf]8]/ x:tfGt/0f ug{'kg]{ 

sf7df8f}+-h;_– j}lbs 1fgnfO{ 

cfw'lgs lj1fg;Fu hf]8]/ o'jf k':tfnfO{ 

x:tfGt/0f ul/g'kg]{df hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 . 

lxdfno If]qaf6 z'? ePsf] j}lbs 1fgnfO{ 

o'/f]k, cd]l/sfnufot ljZj huTdf 

km}nfpg] cleofgdf nfu]sf dxlif{ dx]z 

of]uLsf] !) cf}F :d[lt lbj;sf cj;/df 

g]kfn dxlif{ j}lbs kmfp08];gn] ;f]daf/ 

oxfF cfof]hgf u/]sf] sfo{qmddf g]kfndf 

1fgsf] k'ghf{u/0f x'g'kg]{ cf}FNofOPsf] 

5 . 

sfo{qmddf a|XdfgGb o1 

kmfp08];gsf cWoIf gLn Kof6;{gn] 

dxlif{ of]uLn] j}lbs 1fgsf] ;|f]t g]kfn 

xf] egL cfˆgf k|jrgdf pNn]v ug{'ePsf] 

atfP . …k|frLg Clifd'lgn] Wofgsf 

dfWodaf6 j]bsf Crf dGq b]Vg'ePsf] 

lyof], k|s[ltdf ePsf] of] 1fg h'gh'g 

Clifn] Wofg b[li6af6 b]v] pgs} gfddf 

d08nsf] gfds/0f ePsf] 5, o;}sf/0f 

dxlif{ dx]z of]uLn] j}lbs 1fgdf g]kfnn] 

ljZjsf] g]t[Tj ug{ ;S5 eg]sf 5G,Ú 

pgn] eg] . kmfp08];gsf cWoIf Pj+ 

k"j{u[x/fHodGqL bLksk|sfz afF:sf]6fn] 

j}lbs 1fgsf] k'ghf{u/0f u/L wtL{df :ju{ 

cjt/0f u/fpg] cleofgdf ;+:s[t If]qsf 

ljåfGju{sf] ;xof]u dfu u/] . o;sf 

nflu xfn b]ze/sf &% u'?s'n / Ps 

bh{geGbf a9L ;fd'bflos ljBfnodf 

r]tgfdf cfwfl/t lzIff lbOPsf] hfgsf/L 

pgn] lbP . ljZj zflGt /fi6«sf tkm{af6 

g]kfn x]g]{ dxlif{ cleofgsf /fhf lsª\:nL 

A?S;n] of]u, efjftLt Wofg / o1sf 

dfWodaf6 g]kfnnfO{ ch]o /fi6« agfpg] 

‘;Demgfdf t/]nL’;f+uLlts 

sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–;f+:s[lts 

;+:yfgn] …;Demgfdf t/]nLÚ 

;f+uLlts sfo{qmdsf] ;f]daf/ 

oxfF cfof]hgf u¥of] . :j/ 

;d|f1L c?0ff nfdfsf] @) 

cf}F :d[lt lbj;sf] cj;/df 

cfof]lht pQm sfo{qmddf 

gofFk':tfsf dlxnf uflosfn] 

:j nfdfn] :j/ lbPsf] 

sfnhoL uLt k|:t't u/] . b]j 

ah|frfo{n] /rgf u/]sf] …PSn} 

a:bf===Ú af]nsf] uLt uflosf 

eLdsnf u'?ªn], …lj/xn] 

/f]Psf] /ftdf===Ú eGg] uLt 

uflosf 6Lsf u'?ªn] tyf lznf 

lji6, /flwsf e08f/L, /fh]Gb| 

yfkfn] /rgf u/]sf] uLtdf 

/df 3tfgLnufot dlxnf 

uflosfx?n] ;'dw'/ uLt k|:t't 

u/]sf lyP . ;g\ !($% df 

ef/tsf] bflh{lnªdf hlGdPsL 

:j nfdfn] cf7 jif{sf] pd]/b]lv 

uLt ufpg z'? u/]sf lyP . 

jl/i7 ;+uLtsf/ cDa/ u'?ªaf6 

cf}krfl/s ;+uLt lzIff xfl;n 

u/]sf nfdfn] lj;+ @)!^ ;fndf 

/]l8of] g]kfndf klxnf] k6s uLt 

/]s8{ u/]sf lyP . 

uf]/vf blIf0f afx' 

k|yd;lxt l5Ggntf 

k'/:sf/jf6 lje"lift nfdfn] 

cfˆgf] hLjgsfndf !%) 

eGbf a9L sfnhoL uLt 

ufPsL lyOg . lj;+ @)%) 

df tTsfnLg g]kfn /fhsLo 

k|1fk|lti7fgdf :j nfdfsf] 

Psn ;f+uLlts ;fFem k|:t't 

ePsf] lyof] . lj;+ @)%$ 

df3 @@ ut] pgsf] lgwg 

ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf 

jl/i7 rnlrq lgb]{zs k|sfz 

;fo\dLn] g]kfnL ;f+uLlts 

cfsfzsf jl/i7 dlxnf uflosf 

:j= nfdfn] g]kfnsf] ;f+uLlts 

ljsf;df dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg 

lbPsf] atfpFb} lj;+ @)@! df 

g]kfndf rnlrq pTkfbg z'? 

ePkl5 g]kfnL rnlrqsf nflu 

klg y'k|} uLt ufPsf] :d/0f 

u/] . pgn] :j= nfdfsf] @)#( 

;fnsf] …:d[ltsf sf]z]nLx?Ú 

ljifos ;f+uLlts k|:t'ltn] 

pgnfO{ ;fª\lults If]qsf] 

prfOdf k'¥ofPsf] klg atfP . 

jl/i7 uLtsf/ 

/fh]Gb| yfkfn] uLt;+uLt 

If]qdf nfUg] JolQmdf w}o{tf / 

nugzLntfsf] cfjZostf x'g] 

atfpFb} To:tf] u'0f :j nfdfdf 

/x]sf] lyof] eg] . ;f+:s[lts 

;+:yfgsf ufog k|aGws s[i0f 

u'?ªn] :j nfdfsf] sfnhfoL 

uLtn] pgnfO{ cd/ agfPsf] 

atfP . ;+:yfgsf dxfk|aGws 

/fh]z yfkfn] ;f+uLlts 

tyf snf If]qdf dxTjk"0f{ 

of]ubfg u/]sf ;|i6fsf] :d/0f 

ub}{ ;f+:s[lts ;+:yfgn] ljljw 

sfo{qmd ub}{ cfPsf] hfgsf/L 

lbP . 

cleofgdf nfluPsf] hfgsf/L lbP . 

;f] cj;/df lxGbLaf6 g]kfnL 

efiffdf cg'lbt …a}+s / ahf/Ú Pj+ 

…>Lz+s/frfo{ :jfdL a|XdfgGb ;/:jtLsf] 

hLjgLÚ gfds k':ts nf]sfk{0f ul/of] . tL 

s[ltsf] cg'jfb qmdzM efjftLt Wofg Pj+ 

l;l4lzIfs uf]kfns'df/ d}gfnL / Wofg 

Pj+ l;l4 lzIfs dLg/fh clwsf/Ln] u/] . 

k':tssf ljifodf jfNdLls ljBfkL7sf 

;xk|fWofks 8f d's'Gb nfld5fg]n] ;dLIff 

u/] . sfo{qmddf Unf]an db/ l8efOg 

cu{gfOh];g g]kfnsf cWoIf sNkgf 

l3ld/]nufotn] j}lbs 1fgsf] ljZjJofkL 

s]G› g]kfnnfO{ agfOg'kg]{df hf]8 lbP . 

cflb z+s/frfo{n] :yfkgf u/]sf rf/ 

d7dWo] Hof]ltd{7sf z+s/frfo{ a|XdfgGb 

;/:jtL;Fu !# jif{;Dd j}lbs 1fg lnP/ 

/fdhL aufn] 

cWoIf÷;Dkfbs 

;d:ofsf af/]df cjut u/fpg]vfnsf 

sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ul/g]5g\ . ljZj 

k|]d lbj;sf cj;/df /Tgkfs{df o'jf, 

ljBfyL{sf] ;xeflutfdf ;femf ;+sNk 

ul/g] 5 . …d d]/f] kmf]S;f]nfO{ dfof 

u5'{Ú eGg] ;f] gf/fsf ;fy pgLx¿nfO{ 

nlIft u/L ;femf ;+sNk u/fpg nfluPsf] 

k|aGws yfkfn] atfP . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] 

:jR5 jftfj/0fdf afFRg kfpg] xssf] 

Joj:yf u/]sfn] To;sf] sfof{Gjog u/fpg 

;/f]sf/jfnfb]lv ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ;d]t 

;r]t / hfu?s u/fpg o:tf cleofg 

cfjZos ePsf] pgsf] syg 5 . 

tyf gfrnfO{ sf7df8f}F pkTosf;lxt 

ljleGg k|b]zdf k'¥ofpg'kg]{ cfjZostf 

cf}+NofP . 

;f] ;+:yfgaf6 pTkflbt snfsf/x¿ 

gf6stkm{ l3ld/] o'j/fh, /fhg vltj8f, 

s[i0f zfx ofqL, k|bLk k'df tyf g[Totkm{ 

;f/+uf >]i7, ;f]gL u'?ª, d]g'sf e08f/L 

tyf ladnf >]i7 Pj+ ;+uLttkm{ v8\s a'9f, 

lzj kl/of/ cflbn] snf ;]jfdf of]ubfg 

ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . xfn jl/i7 gf6ssf/ 

jL/]Gb| xdfn / v8\s a'9fn] df8n tyf 

k~rgf/fo0f dxh{gn] tanf, d'g'h hf]zL 

/ zf/bf l;njfnn] g[Tosf] k|lzIf0f lbFb} 

cfPsf 5g\ . 

dxlif{ of]uLn] ljZjdf k|rf/ u/] . pgn] 

k'ghf{u/0f u/]sf] efjftLt Wofg xfn 

ljZjsf !(@ b]zdf l;sfOG5 . xfn 

ljZje/ ;f] Wofgsf ;fws Ps s/f]8eGbf 

a9L /x]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 . CUj]bsf] !) cf}F 

d08naf6 lnOPsf] ;f] Wofg Pj+ 1fgsf] 

;fwgf ug]{x?n] ljZj zflGt /fi6«sf] s]G› 

g]b/Nof08;df :yfkgf u/L j}lbs ljZj 

k|zf;g;d]t ;~rfng u/]sf 5g\ . o;sf] 

g]t[Tj dxf/fhflw/fh /fd 8f 6f]gL gf8/n] 

u/] . ljZj zflGt :yfkgf ug{sf k|To]s 

JolQmnfO{ efjftLt Wofgsf dfWodaf6 

zfGt agfpg] ;f] ljZjJofkL cleofgsf] 

p2]Zo 5 . ;f] 1fgsf] k|rf/s} qmddf ;g\ 

@))* km]A?c/L % df lbg dxlif{ of]uLsf] 

lgwg ePsf] lyof] . ToxL :d/0fdf ;f]daf/ 

!) cf}F :d[lt lbj; dgfOPsf] xf] . 

lj;+ @)&% sf nflu !# kfqf] :jLs[t 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–g]kfn 

k~rfª\u lg0ff{os ;ldltn] lj;+ 

@)&% sf nflu !# j6f kfqf] 

-k~rfª\u_ nfO{ k|sfzgsf] :jLs[lt 

lbPsf] 5 . ;ldltn] :jLs[lt lbPsf 

k~rfª\udf tf]ogfy, afa'/fd, 

g/gfy, lxdfn, c7f]nf, tf/s]Zj/, 

;"o{, cfsfzbz{g, a+unfd'vL, z'e, 

afaf uf]/vgfy, sLlt{ / l;l4 /x]sf] 

cWoIf k|f 8f /fdrGb| uf}tdn] 

hfgsf/L lbP . oL ;a} k~rfª\un] 

lj;+ @)&$ df klg :jLs[lt kfPsf 

lyP . :jLs[lt glnO{ k|sfzg ePsf 

k~rfª\udf 38L, knf, a[x:klt, 

z'qm pbo / c:tnufotsf tYo 

km/s k/]sf] ;ldltn] hgfPsf] 5 . 

o:tf tYo km/s k/L rf8 kj{ klg 

km/s kbf{ ;j{;fwf/0fdf cGof]n 

x'g] u/]sf] 5 . o; jif{ ;ldltsf] 

:jLs[lt glnO{ k|sfzg ePsf 

dfg;v08 / Hjfnf k~rfª\unfO{ 

sf/afxLsf nflu u[x / ;+:s[lt, 

ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\oog 

dGqfnodf kq n]lvPsf] cWoIf 

uf}tdn] ;'gfP . k~rfª\unfO{ 

Jojl:yt ug{ ;ldltn] d:of}bf 

u/L ;+:s[lt dGqfnodf k]z u/]sf] 

g]kfn k~rfª\u lg0ff{os ;ldlt 

P]g tLg jif{cl3b]lv sfg"g, Gofo 

tyf ;+;bLo dfldnf dGqfnodf 

c8\lsPsf] 5 . dGqfnosf ;+:s[lt 

dxfzfvf k|d'v e/tdl0f ;'j]bL 

dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{ocg';f/ u7g 

ePsf] ;ldltnfO{ sfg"gL cfwf/ 

lbg] ;DaGwdf 5nkmn eO/x]sf] 

atfpF5g\ . dlGqkl/ifb\n] Hof]ltif, 

wd{zf:q, ;+:s[lt, g]jf/L ;+:s[lt, 

u'?ª, tfdfª Pj+ z]kf{ ;+:s[lt 

lj1;lxtsf] gf} ;b:oLo ;ldlt 

u7g u/]sf] 5 . ;ldltsf] lg0f{o 

adf]lhd kfqf]n] :jLs[lt kfpg] 

u/]sf 5g\ . ltly, af/, of]u, gIfq 

/ s/0f kfFr c+usf] ;d"xnfO{ 

k~rfª\u elgG5 . kfqf]df oL kfFr 

c+u;Fu} ljleGg nUg, ;fOt, u|x 

pbo / c:t Pj+ u|x0fsf ljifo 

;d]t ;dfj]z ul/G5 . ;ldltn] 

:jLs[lt lbP;Fu} k~rfª\u k|sfzgsf] 

qmd klg z'? ePsf] 5 . kmfu'g 

klxnf] ;ftf;Dd !# j6} k~rfª\u 

lgl:s;Sg]5g\ . ljjfx, j|taGw, 

lznfGof;nufot ;fOtsf nflu 

klg dflg;n] k~rfª\usf] vf]hL 

ul//x]sf x'G5g\ . 

kl/jf/ 

@)&$ df3 @# ut], d+unaf/ 


;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/Lsf] nflu xfdL sxf“ 

l;wf} ;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf, xfdL 

tkfO{sf] Ifdtf cg';f/sf] 

/f]huf/Ldf k7fpg] 5f}+ . 

# 

;femfn] Nofof] ckf+ud}qL a; 

sf7df8f}+ -h;_–;femf 

oftfoft ;xsf/L lnld6]8n] 

ljsnf+unfO{ oftfoftdf ;xh 

u/fpgsf nflu ljsnf+ud}qL a; 

NofPsf] 5 . sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf 

ljsnf+unfO{ ;]jf lbg] p2]Zon] 

ef/taf6 ;f]daf/ ljsnf+ud}qL 

…l;dL nf] ˆnf]/Ú gfdsf] a; 

g]kfn leTof{OPsf] ;+:yfsf sfd' 

sfo{sf/L clws[t dx]G›/fh 

zdf{n] hfgsf/L lbP . gd"gfsf 

nflu leTof{OPsf] pQm a;df 

ljsnf+u;lxt afnaflnsf, 

j[4j[4f / ;j{;fwf/0fn] 

;d]t oftfoft ug{ ;Sg] pgn] 

atfP . Unf]an 6]08/dfkm{t 

ef/tsf] /fh:yfgaf6 ef/tLo 

sDkgL czf]s n]Nof08af6 

sl/a ? #% nfvdf pQm a; 

g]kfn NofOPsf] xf] . 

a; rfF8} k|lqmof k'of{O{ 

;~rfngdf NofOg] atfOPsf] 

5 . …a; ev{/ cfPsf] 

5 . ca k|fljlws hfFr x'G5Ú, 

pgn] eg], …jfUdtL oftfoft 

Joj:yf ljefudf btf{ u/]/ 

a; ;~rfngsf] cg'dlt lnP/ 

a; ;~rfng u5f}{F .Ú pQm a; 

ljsnf+unfO{ c:ktfn lxF88'n 

ug]{ dfu{df ;~rfng ul/g] 5 . 

xf]rf] a; ePsfn] vfN8fv'N8L 

sd ePsf] 7fpFdf / /fd|f] ;8sdf 

;~rfng x'g]5 . pgsf cg';f/ 

nlntk'/l:yt kf6g c:ktfn x'Fb} 

lqk'/]Zj/l:yt cfFvf c:ktfn– 

jL/ c:ktfn–dxf/fhu~hl:yt 

lzIf0f c:ktfn–afF;af/Ll:yt 

zxLb u+ufnfn Åbo/f]u s]G›;Dd 

rnfOg] of]hgf 5 . PsrfnL; 

l;6 pQm a;sf] 9f]sfdf XjLn 

r]o/ ;lhn} n}hfg ldN5 . 

a;df l;l;l6eL Sofd]/f / 

l6eL klg 5g\ . uf8L u'l8/x]sf] 

:yfgaf/] klg hfgsf/L kfOg]5 . 

sfd' sfo{sf/L clws[t kf08]n] 

;femfn] nfdf] b"/Lsf nflu yk 

rf/ l8nS; a; klg Nofpg 

yfn]sf] hfgsf/L lbP . o:t} @$ 

gofF a; Nofpgsf nflu ;d]t 

lg0f{o ePsf] 5 . clxn] ;+:yfdf 

$^ uf8L eP klg cfufdL 5 

dlxgfleq &% uf8L k'of{Og] nIo 

/x]sf] pgn] atfP . 

Lifeline Overseas Pvt. Ltd 

(An ISO 9001: 2015 Certified Company) 

GPO BOX 2002, EPC 5961 Gongabu, Kathmandu, Nepal 

Tel: +977-1-4364865, 4389522, 4389188 

Fax : 977-1-4386141, Web: www.lifelineoverseas.com

;DkfbsLo 

lhDd]jf/ ag k|x/L 

b/af/dfu{:yt NofG8dfs{ xf]6ndf df3 & ut] /flt 

ePsf] elgPsf] …;fd"lxs anfTsf/Ú k|s/0fkl5 clxn] g]kfn 

k|x/Ldfly g} w]/} cf}nfx? p7]sf 5g\ . x'g t Ps b'O{j6f 

36gfnfO{ lnP/ l;+uf] k|x/L ;+u7gdfly cfIf]k nfupg' 

hfoh xf]Og . t/, s]xL ;dootf k|x/L ;+u7g h;/L 

anfTsf/ / 3';vf]/ldf d'l5Psf ;dfrf/x? lbgx'F aflx/ 

cfO/x]sf 5g\ . To;n] ca l;+uf] k|x/L ;+u7gdfly g} 

lxnf] 5\ofk]sf] 5 . zflGt;'/Iffsf] s;d vfP/ k|x/L ;]jfdf 

sfo{/t k|x/Lx? g} hgtfsf] cfzF' / kL8fnfO{ sdfpg] dfWod 

agfP/ h;/L clxn] ljleGg d'2fdf cf/f]lkt eO/x]sf 5g\ . 

o;n] l;+uf] k|x/L ;+u7g abgfd ePsf] 5 . s]xL lbgotf 

cfPsf b/af/dfu{ anfTsf/ k|s/0f, O6x/L anfTsf/ k|s/0f, 

sn+sLdf h'jfsf] vfn n'6kf6 sf08, 3'd'jf k|x/Lx? g} 

3';vf]/Ldf lbgx'F clVtof/sf] kmGbfdf kl//x]sf ;dfrf/n] 

ca k|x/L ;+u7g cfkm\gf] jf:tljs p2]Zo / k|lta4tfdf 

5 ls 5}g eGg] k|Zg ug'{kg]{ cj:yf cfPsf] 5 . 

clxn] b/af/dfu{ anfTsf/ sf08df cfly{s n]gb]gdf 

;fd"lxs anfTsf/ h:tf] 36gf u'kr'k ldnfPsf] eGb} 

g]kfn k|x/Ln] b'O{j6f 5'§f5'§} ;ldlt agfP/ 5fgljg 

ul//x]sf] 5 . ldnfkq sfuh u/fpg] sfo{df ;+nUg 

dxfgu/Lo k|x/L j[Q b/af/ dfu{sf OG;k]S6/ nId0f l;+x 

7s'/Lnufot lgnDag klg eO;s]sf 5g\ . oxL k|s/0fdf 

d'2f zfvfsf ;O{ rGb| e08f/L lgnDagdf kl/;s]sf 5g\ 

eg] b/af/dfu{ j[Qsf 8LP;kL ltns ef/tLnfO{ cg';Gwfgsf 

nflu dxfgu/Lo k|x/L kl/;/ sf7df8f}Fdf xflh/ u/fOPsf] 

5 . o:t} O6x/Lsf] 36gfdf klg clxn] k|x/ln] cg';Gwfg 

yfn]sf] 5 . ca oL 36gfsf kLl8tn] Gofo / bf]ifLn] 

;hfo kfpnfg eGg] cfzf /fVff}+ . o;}u/L kl5Nnf] ;do 

k|x/Ln] cfkm}+ n'6kf6 ug]{, bnfnL ug]{h:tf 36gfx? aflx/ 

cfPsf 5g\ . kl5Nnf] ;do sn+sLdf h'jfsf] vfnaf6 % 

nfv a9L /sd k|x/Ln] cfkm}+ n'6]sf] 36gfaflx/ cfPsf] 

5 eg] ljleGg :yfgdf ;'/Iffdf vl6Psf k|x/L ljleGg 

36gfdf larf}lnof ag]/ cfly{s n]gb]gdf kqmfp kl//x]sf] 

;dfrf/x? klg cfO/x]sf 5g\ . clxn] oL 36gfdf 

;+nUg k|x/Lx?dfly cg';Gwfg yflnPsf] elgPsf] 5 . 

oL dfly klg sf/jfxL xf]nf eGg] cfzf / ck]Iff 

/fVff}+ . x'g t k|x/L cfkm}+ oL 36gfdf ;+nUgx?nfO{ 

b08 5fgljg ug]{ / b08 lbg] e"ldsfdf 5 / ug'{k5{ 

klg . olb k|x/Ln] oL kl5Nnf 36gfx?nfO{ glh/ 

agfP/ ca k|x/L ;+u7gleq z'4Ls/0f yfn]g eGg] l;+uf] 

k|x/L ;+u7g e|i6Ls/0f / cg}lts aGg] vt/f 5 . 

k|x/Ln] cfkm';Fu ePsf] bf]ifLnfO{ b08 lbg] clwsf/ / 

zlQmsf] b'?kof]unfO{ /f]Sg g;Sg] xf] eg] k|x/Ldfly 

hgtfsf] hLpwg ;'/Iff ug]{ h'g cleef/f / lhDd]jf/L 

5 Tof] hgtfsf nflu g} vt/f aGg] lglZrt 5 . 

o:tf]df ca k|x/Ln] ;du| ;+u7gnfO{ cfkm\gf] p2]Zo / 

st{Aodf hfu?s agfpg], unt sfo{ ug]{ ;+u7gsf 

;b:ox?nfO{ s8f sf/jfxL ug]{ sfd yfNg'k5{ . clxn] 

klg k|x/L eg]sf] xfdL hgtfsf] ;'/Iff / /Iffsf 

nflu g} xf] eGg] hgtfdf Pp6f ljzjf; eg] sfod} 

5 . clxn]sf] k|x/L g]Q[Tjn] hgtfdf /x]sf] of] cfzf 

/ e/f];fnfO{ gtf]8\f]; / lhDd]jf/ k|x/L agf]; . 

/flzkmn 

d]if 

j[if 

ldy'g 

ss{6 

l;+x 

sGof 

t'nf 

j[lZrs 

wg' 

ds/ 

s'De 

dLg 

@)&$ df3 @# ut], d+unaf/ 

Tuesday 6 February 2018 

Hof]= k+= s]bf/k|;fb e08f/L 

(*$!(##)$%÷(*!*#@%&#% 

sLlt{k'/, sf7df8f}+ 

;'v ;'lawf a9\g] 

cfly{s kIfdf k|ult 

gofF sfo{ ;kmn 

sfo{df cj/f]w 

;d:ofaf6 d'QmL 

hf]lvd sfo{af6 nfe 

ef]u lanf; 

Joy{ lrGtf 

pGgtL k|utL 

wgaw{s sfo{ 

sfo{ ;kmn 

cfs:dLs nfe 

cg'/f]w 

xfd|f] k|of; tkfO{+nfO{ s:tf] nflu/x]sf] 5 < tkfO{sf u'gf;f], 

cfnf]rgf / ;'emfjn] hg;jfnnfO{ :t/Lo aGg / ;xL af6f]df lxF8\g 

;xof]u ug]{5 . To;}n] xfdL tkfO{+sf] /rgfTds cfnf]rgf / cd"No 

;'emfjsf] ck]Iff u5f}{+, s[kof n]v]/ xfdLnfO{ k7fpg'xf];\ . n]Vg'xf];\, 

d'n'ssf ;d;fdlos 36gfqmdk|ltsf] cfk\mgf] k|ltlqmof, n]v /rgf;Fu} 

cfk\mgf] :ki6 kl/ro / tl:a/ klg tnsf] 7]ugfdf k7fpg' xf]nf . 

E-mail : janasawalnews .gmail .com 

uPsf] a'waf/ blIf0f sf]l/ofdf pQ/ 

sf]l/ofsf] em08f kmx/fPkl5 ToxfF pkl:yt 

pQ/ / blIf0f sf]l/ofsf gful/ssf cfFvf 

/;fP . x'gtM Tof] em08f kmx/fP;Fu} oL b'O{ 

b]zsf] cfGtl/s b'ZdgL d]l6Psf] xf]Og, t/ 

klg oltv]/ oL b'O{ b]z cfk;df glhlsPsfn] 

b'j} b]zsf gful/s cfk\mgf] sl/a ^% jif{ 

k'/fgf] la5f]8 ;lDemP/ efj's ag]sf x'g\ . 

olt nfdf] ;dokl5 klxnf] k6s oL b'O{ b]z 

oltv]/ glhlsPsf 5g\ . pQ/ sf]l/ofsf pRr 

;/sf/L clwsf/L dfq geP/ ;j{;fwf/0f 

gful/s klg oltv]/ blIf0f sf]l/of k'u]sf 

5g\ . To:t} rf/ jif{kl5 klxnf] k6s pQ/ 

sf]l/ofsf dlxnf clwsf/Ln] blIf0fsf] e|d0f 

ug{] cg'dlt kfP;Fu} ToxfF k'u]sf 5g\ . 

pQ/sf] ;a}eGbf nf]slk|o uLt;+uLt ;d"x 

klg blIf0f sf]l/of k'u]sf] 5 eg] b'j} b]zsf 

em08f ;fy;fy kmx/fOPsf] 5 . 

oltdfq xf]Og, cfufdL z'qmaf/ oL b'j} 

b]zsf clwsf/L / v]nf8Ln] ;+o'Qm dfr{ ug{] 

tof/L;d]t u/]sf 5g\ . b'j} b]zsf v]nf8Ln] 

cfufdL zLtsfnLg v]nsf] Pp6f Zkwf{df 

Ps} ;d"xaf6 v]Ng] ePsf 5g\ . nfU5 oL b'O{ 

sf]l/ofsf] ;f9] 5 bzs k'/fgf] b'ZdgLkl5sf] 

Ps clt /f]df~rs tyf efjgfTds If0f 

x'g]5 . To;f] t o;/L Ps} ;d"xaf6 v]Ng] of] 

k|of;nfO{ blIf0f sf]l/ofleq}sf k'/ftgkGyLn] 

lj/f]w u/]sf 5g\ . hfkfgn] klg pQ/;Fu 

blIf0fsf] c:jfefljs / a9L em'sfj eg]/ 

l6Kk0fL klg u/]sf] 5 . t/ o; If0fnfO{ a9f] 

/f]df~rs¿kdf lgofNb} b'O{ b]zsf gful/sn] 

eg] cfk\mgf] k'/fgf] la5f]8sf] :d/0f ul//x]sf 

5g\ . ;g\ !(%# df sf]l/of 6'lqmP/ b'O{ 

sf]l/of aGg k'u]sf] / To;kl5 hf] hxfF 5g\ 

ToxLF a:g'kg{] ePsfn] Ps} kl/jf/sf ;b:o 

klg b'O{ b]zsf gful/s dfq geP/ …zq'Ú 

sf ¿kdf afFRg' kl//x]sf] kL8fnfO{ a'waf/ 

kmx/fPsf] em08fn] sd ug{;s] x'GYof] eg]/ 

pgLx¿n] sfdgf ul//x]sf 5g\ . 

oltv]/ blIf0f sf]l/ofdf zLtsfnLg 

cf]nlDks v]nsf] Jofks tof/L eO/x]sf] 

5 . cfufdL z'qmaf/b]lv of] v]n z'? xF'b}5 . 

o; v]nsf nflu c? b]zsf k|ltlglw 

/ v]nf8L;Fu} oltv]/ blIf0f sf]l/ofsf] 

/fhwfgL ;f]ndf kfx'gfsf] 7"nf] le8 nfu]sf] 

5 . To; le8df ;a}eGbf rf;f]k"0f{ ¿kdf 

vf]lhPsf v]nf8L / clwsf/L eg]sf pQ/ 

sf]l/ofsf x'g\ . pgLx¿nfO{ c?n] eGbf 

a9L klZrdf / blIf0f sf]l/ofnL kqsf/n] 

a9L vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ . pQ/ blIf0f sf]l/ofsf 

v]nf8L / clwsf/Lsf lqmofsnfknfO{ 

kqsf/n] a9L Vofn ul//x]sf 5g\ . tL kqsf/ 

/ ljZjn] g} blIf0f sf]l/ofåf/f cfof]lht of] 

cf]nlDks v]ndf pQ/ sf]l/ofn] ;xeflutf 

hgfpg] hfgsf/L lbPb]lv g} k5Øfpg z'? 

u/]sf x'g\ . o;/L of] v]ns"bsf dfWodaf6 

ljrf/ 

sf]l/ofdf ljsl;t …v]ns"b s"6gLltÚ 

wf}nflul/ ufpFkflnsf–! u'hf{df /x]sf] 

:jf:Yo rf}sLdf cf}iflw cefj b]lvPsf] 5 . 

ljut Ps jif{b]lv ;/sf/L tj/af6 hfg] 

lgMz'Ns cf}iflwx¿ pknAw gx'Fbf cf}iflwsf] 

cefj b]lvg yfn]sf] xf] . o; :jf:Yo 

rf}sLdf clxn] sbd DofUbLdfkm{t u'8 g]j;{ 

OG6/g]Zfgnn] lbPsf] cf}iflw dfq} afFsL 

/x]sf] j8f cWoIf emsaxfb'/ 5GTofnn] 

atfpg'eof] . u'hf{df dfq} xf]Og lhNnfsf 

cGo ;/sf/L :jf:Yo ;+:yfx¿df klg kof{Kt 

cf}iflw 5}g . ;+3Lotfsf] sfof{Gjog ;Fu} 

:jf:Yo ;+:yfx¿sf] :jfldTj / Joj:yfkgsf] 

clwsf/If]q :yfgLo txdf uPklg lgMz'Ns 

afF8\g] cf}iflw vl/b tyf aGbf]a:t ug]{ 

;jfndf eg] cndn b]lvPsf] 5 . 

cf}iflw vl/b / sd{rf/Lsf] v6gk6gsf] 

;xL Joj:yfkg x'g g;Sbf lhNnfsf] u|fdL0f 

e]udf /x]sf :jf:Yo ;+:yfx¿af6 ;xh 

¿kdf :jf:Yo ;]jf lngaf6 ;j{;fwf/0f 

jl~rt x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . ljutsf jif{df 

lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{non] Psd'i6 cf}iflw 

vl/b u/L k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb| / :jf:Yo 

rf}sL nufotsf ;/sf/L :jf:Yo ;+:yfx¿df 

cf}iflw pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] lyof] . 

o; jif{b]lv eg] Tof] lhDd]jf/L :yfgLo 

txnfO{ uPsf] 5 . t/ :yfgLo txsf 

hgk|ltlglwx¿n] cf}iflw vl/bsf nflu kof{Kt 

ah]6 ljlgof]hg gubf{ / cf}iflw vl/bdf 

cndn k/]kl5 ;d:of b]lvg yfn]sf] xf] . 

;/sf/n] lhNnf c:ktfndf &), k|fylds 

:jf:Yo s]Gb|df %* / :jf:Yo rf}sLdf $@ 

lsl;dsf cf}iflw lgMz'Ns pknAw u/fpg] 

3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . t/ clxn] lhNnfe/sf 

clwsfFz :jf:Yo ;+:yfx¿df lgMz'Ns 3f]if0ff 

ul/Psf cf}iflwx¿ d'lZsnn] Ps bh{g eGbf 

a9L klg kfOg 5f8]sf] 5 . 

kl5Nnf] ;dodf b'O{ sf]l/ofaLrsf] s"6gLlt 

ljsf; ePsf] 5 . o;nfO{ klZrdf hut\sf 

ljZn]ifs / ;~rf/n] sf]l/ofdf a9\bf] v]ns"b 

s"6gLltsf ¿kdf klg ljZn]if0f ug{] u/]sf 

5g\ . 

gofF jif{ ;g\ @)!* sf] z'esfdgf:j?k 

b]zjf;Lsf gfddf pQ/ sf]l/ofnL g]tf lsd 

hf]ª pgn] u/]sf] ;Daf]wgaf6 pQ/ / blIf0f 

sf]l/ofdf oltv]/ gf6sLo kl/jt{g cfPsf] 

xf] eg] o;n] ;+;f/df g} ;sf/fTds t/+u 

NofOlbPsf] 5 . / pTkGg o; t/+usf sf/0f 

sf]l/ofnL k|foåLk x'Fb} ljZj;Dd g} zflGtsf] 

cfzfsf] ;~rf/ klg ePsf] 5 . z'?df pQm 

v]ns"bdf pQ/ sf]l/ofsf] ;xeflutf gx'g] 

xf] ls egL b'ljwfdf /x]sf] blIf0f sf]l/of 

klg pQ/sf] ;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf;Fu} 

e/dUb"/ tof/Ldf nfu]sf] xf] . p;n] s'g} klg 

s;/ afFsL g/fvL of] v]ns"bdf pQ/nfO{ 

a9LeGbf a9L ;xefuL u/fpg] / pQ/sf 

dflyNnf] lgsfon] k7fpg / :yfgLo 

txn] cf}iflw vl/b ug{ l9nfO ubf{ cf}iflw / 

;lh{sn ;fdu|Lsf] cefj b]lvg yfn]sf] u'gf;f] 

cfPsf] :jf:Yo clwsf/ tyf ;'tL{hGo kbfy{ 

lgoGq0f lhNnf ;~hfn DofUbLsf ;+of]hs 

xl/k|;fb kf}8]nn] atfpg'eof] . æ;DalGwt 

;/f]sf/jfnfaLr ;dGjo x'g h?/L 5, s'g 

s'g ;+:yfdf cf}iflwsf] pknAwtf s:tf] 

5 < ;dod} l/kf]6{ lnP/ ;/sf/L tj/jf6 

hgtfnfO{ lbg'kg] { :jf:Yo ;]jf k|jfxnfO{ 

k|efljt x'g lbg'x' Fb}g, To;sf] nflu ca 

hgk|ltlglw rgfvf] aGg'kg] { b]lvG5Æ– kf}8]nn] 

eGg'eof] . ;/sf/n] :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf cf}iflw 

vl/b ug{ :yfgLo txdf k7fPsf] ah]6 kof{Kt 

gx'g', hgk|ltlglwdf cg'ejsf] sdL, ;DalGwt 

sd{rf/Ln] ;dGjo / l9nf;':tL ubf{ cf}iflwsf] 

cefj x'g yfn]sf] xf] . 

;/sf/n] lgMz'Ns 3f]if0ff u/]sf b'O{ bh{g 

eGbf a9L cf}iflw lhNnf c:ktfnd} cefj 

x'g] u/]sf] 5 . ljefun] o; jif{ k7fPsf] 

? $ nfv ah]6af6 cTofjZosLo !@ 

k|sf/sf cf}iflw vl/b ul/O;lsPsf] lhNnf 

hg:jf:Yo sfof{nosf vl/bf/ Pj+ cf}iflw 

– Ps/fh kf7s 

blIf0f sf]l/ofsf] /fi6«kltdf lgjf{lrt ePkl5 Ogn] b'O{ sf]l/ofsf] 

PsLs/0f;Ddsf] cfsf+Iff JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . b'O{ sf]l/ofsf] ljefhgkZrft\ 

pxfFsf lktf d'g of]ª\u–Xo'ª\u pQ/ sf]l/ofaf6 knfog eO{ z/0ffyL{sf] ¿kdf 

blIf0f sf]l/of k|j]z ug{'ePsf] lyof] . Og klg cfkm\gf lktfhL;Fu;Fu} blIf0f 

sf]l/of cfpg'ePsf] xf], oBlk pxfFsf] hGd eg] blIf0fdf g} ePsf] xf] . pxfFn] 

afNosfndf /dfPsf] e"lddf k'u]/ ;b\efj b]vfpg] / l5§} Kof]ª\ofª e|d0f ug{] 

OR5f JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . o;dfkm{t b'O{ sf]l/ofs} PsLs/0fdf klg cfkm"n] 

;fy{s kxn yfNg] pxfFsf] rfxgf cfh;Dd b'O{ sf]l/ofsf] pRr:t/Lo jftf{;Dd 

klg k'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g . o:tf] ck]lIft ;fy{s jftf{sf] nflu o; v]ns"bn] Ps 

;zQm s"6gLltsf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{;Sg] klg b]lvPsf] 5 . 

clwsf/LnfO{ hlt;Sbf] eJo :jfut ug{] 

sfddf nfu]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . 

af/Daf/sf] If]Kof:q k/LIf0f / cd]l/sf 

/ blIf0f sf]l/ofdfly g} cfqmd0fsf] wDsLsf 

sf/0f uPsf] jif{el/ nueu ljZj /fhgLltsf] 

s]Gb|df /x]sf] / cd]l/sf tyf ljZjs} 6fpsf] 

b'vfO ag]sf] pQ/ sf]l/ofnL g]tfdf clxn] 

b]vfk/]sf] of] g/dkgn] zflGt / ;f}xfb{ ?k 

n]cf]; eGg] dgf]sf+Iff klg oltv]/ ljZjsf 

gful/sdf b]lvPsf] 5 . To;}n] klg o; 

v]ns"bdf ljZjsf g]tfx¿n] cfk\mgf] k|ltlglw 

/ ljz]ifb"t k7fpg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . o;sf] 

klxnf] 3f]if0ff lrlgofF /fi6«klt l; lrglkmªn] 

z'qmaf/ cfk\mgf] k|ltlglw blIf0f sf]l/of 

k7fpg] eg]/ ug'{ePsf] 5 . To:t} cd]l/sf, 

hfkfg / c? b]zaf6 klg oxfF k|ltlglw hfg] 

ePsf 5g\ . v]ns"bdf ;xeflutfeGbf klg 

tL b]zsf k|ltlglwn] oxfF ljsl;t v]ns"b 

s"6gLltnfO{ a9L k|jw{g ug{5g\ . 

:6f]/ lsk/ nLnfgfy kf}8]nn] atfpg'eof] . 

pxfFsf cg';f/, hg:jf:Yo sfof{non] ut 

jif{ klxnf]k6s ? ## nfv / bf];|f] k6s 

? !% nfv u/L ? $* nfvsf] lgMz'Ns 

ljt/0f ul/g] cf}iflw vl/b u/]sf] lyof] . 

ljutdf lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{non] ;~rfng 

ug] { sfo{qmd tyf ah]6 of] jif{ cy{ dGqfnon] 

gu/kflnsf / ufpFkflnsfx¿df k7fPsf] 5 . 

of] jif{ dGqfnoaf6 ah]6 36]/ cfPsf] 

5 eg] :yfgLo txx¿n] cf}iflw vl/bs} 

nflu eg]/ kof{Kt ah]6 ljlgof]hg u/]sf 

5}gg\ . csf]{tkm{ ljlgof]lht ah]6af6 cf}iflw 

vl/b / ljt/0f ;d]t x'g ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ 

h;sf sf/0f lgs6 eljiodf lhNnfdf /x]sf 

;/sf/L :jf:Yo ;+:yfx¿df cf}iflw cefj 

b]lvg] vt/f a9]sf] 5 . lhNnfdf c:ktfnsf 

nflu klxnf] r/0fdf cfPsf] ah]6 cToGt} 

Go"g /x]sfn] ;f] ah]6af6 cf}iflw vl/b 

u/L yk ah]6sf nflu ;d]t dfu ul/Psf] 

lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{nosf k|d'v 8f /f]zg 

Gof}kfg]n] atfpg'eof] . ;+3Lotfdf :jf:Yosf] 

df]8n s:tf] x'g] cem} lglZrt e};s]sf] 

5}g, ;+3Lotf sfof{Gjogsf] k|f/lDes r/0f 

;g\ !(%) h'g @) b]lv !(%# h"nfO{ ;Dd 

k6sk6s ePsf o'4df xhf/f}F sf]l/ofnLn] 

Hofg u'dfP / cGttM ;g\ !(%# df sf]l/of 

ljefhg eof] . pQ/ / blIf0fdf ljeflht oL 

b]zsf] l;dfgf;Fu} b]zaf;Lsf cfkmGt klg 

5'l§P . b'O{ b]zaLr a]nfavtdf oL cfkmGtsf] 

d]nldnfk ePsf] b[Zon] ljZjsf] s'g} klg 

:yfgdf a;f]af; ul//x]sf JolQmsf] bo 

5'G5 . afa'–5f]/f, lbbL–alxgL, bfh'efOh:tf 

/utsf] gftfsf ;b:o klg b'O{ b]zsf 

gful/s / Tof] klg zq'tfk"0f{ ¿kdf afFRg' 

kl//x]sf] 5 . oxL v]ns"bdf ;xeflutfsf] 

;'lglZrttfkl5 kl5Nnf] ;dodf oL b'O{ 

b]zaLrsf] ;DaGwdf ;'wf/ cfPsf] 5 . blIf0f 

sf]l/ofsf /fi6«klt d'g hfo Ogn] pQ/ 

sf]l/ofnL g]tfn] pQm v]ns"bdf ;xefuL x'g] 

egL lbg'ePsf] :jLsf/f]lQmsf] tTsfn} :jfut 

ug{'eof] / tTsfn} dlGqkl/ifb\sf] a}7s 8fs]/ 

pRr:t/Lo låkIfLo jftf{sf] tof/L yfNg 

lgb{]zg lbg'eof] . blIf0f sf]l/ofn] cfof]hgf 

u/L ;xeflutfsf nflu pQ/ sf]l/ofnfO{ 

cfdGq0f u/]sf] zLtsfnLg cf]nlDks v]ndf 

klg pQ/ sf]l/ofn] ;xeflutf hgfpg] va/ 

k7fPsf]n] v]ns"bsf] tof/L ug{ lgb]{zg 

lbg'ePsf] lyof] . 

blIf0f sf]l/ofsf] /fi6«kltdf lgjf{lrt 

ePkl5 Ogn] b'O{ sf]l/ofsf] PsLs/0f;Ddsf] 

cfsf+Iff JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . b'O{ 

sf]l/ofsf] ljefhgkZrft\ pxfFsf lktf 

d'g of]ª\u–Xo'ª\u pQ/ sf]l/ofaf6 knfog 

eO{ z/0ffyL{sf] ¿kdf blIf0f sf]l/of 

k|j]z ug{'ePsf] lyof] . Og klg cfkm\gf 

lktfhL;Fu;Fu}} blIf0f sf]l/of cfpg'ePsf] 

xf], oBlk pxfFsf] hGd eg] blIf0fdf g} ePsf] 

xf] . pxfFn] afNosfndf /dfPsf] e"lddf k'u]/ 

;b\efj b]vfpg] / l5§} Kof]ª\ofª e|d0f ug{] 

OR5f JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . o;dfkm{t b'O{ 

sf]l/ofs} PsLs/0fdf klg cfkm"n] ;fy{s 

kxn yfNg] pxfFsf] rfxgf cfh;Dd b'O{ 

sf]l/ofsf] pRr:t/Lo jftf{;Dd klg k'Ug 

;s]sf] 5}g . o:tf] ck]lIft ;fy{s jftf{sf] 

nflu o; v]ns"bn] Ps ;zQm s"6gLltsf] 

e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{;Sg] klg b]lvPsf] 5 . 

pQ/sf] cf0fljs xf]8n] cfk;df emg zq'tf 

yk]sf] eP klg PsLs/0fsf] ;kgf kfn]/ 

afFlr/x]sf oL b'O{ b]zsf gful/sn] oltv]/sf] 

k|of;n] ;fy{stf kfpg ;sf];\ eGg] sfdgf 

ul//x]sf 5g\ . b'O{ b]zsf aLrdf knfPsf] 

of] kl5Nnf] lemgf] cfzfn] ;b\efjsf] ljsf; 

ub{} b'O{ b]zs} PsLs/0f;Dd k'¥ofpg ;sf]; 

eGg] sfdgf b'O{ sf]l/ofnL gful/sdfq 

geP/ ljZjsf zflGtlk|o gful/sn] klg 

u/]sf 5g\ . o; sfo{sf nflu of] v]ns"b 

s"6gLlt ;kmn x'g ;sf];\ eGg] rfxgf 

pgLx¿sf] 5 . 

-ljleGg Ph]G;Lsf] ;xof]udf_ 

:jf:Yo ;+:yfdf b]lvPsf] cf}iflw cefj 

sdn vqL 

;/sf/n] :yfgLo txdf cf}iflw vl/bsf nflu b'O{b]lv tLg nfv ?k}ofFsf 

b/n] ah]6 k7fPsf] 5 . ;f] ah]6 ck'u x'g] ePkl5 :yfgLo txx¿n] klg ah]6 

ljlgof]hg ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . a]gL gu/kflnsfn] cf}iflw vl/bsf nflu ? * 

nfv ah]6 ljlgof]hg u/]sf] 5 . d+unf ufpFkflnsfsf cWoIf ;tk|;fb /f]sfn] 

s'g lgsfo s] s:tf cf}iflw vl/b ug]{ eGg] ljifodf cndn ePsf] atfpFb} 

dGqfnon] k7fPsf] b'O{ nfv ?k}ofF ck'u ePkl5 ufpFkflnsfn] yk b'O{ nfv 

ljlgof]hg u/]sf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . 

ePsfn] klg s]xL cGof}ntf b]lvPsf 5g\ 

t/, ca x/]s :yfgLo txn] cf}iflw vl/b / 

e08f/0fsf ;Gbe{df uxg ¿kdf cfjZos 

k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg h?/L 5Æ – 8f 

Gof}kfg]n] eGg'eof] . 

lhNnfdf /x]sf :yfgLo txdf :jf:Yo 

k|d'vsf] ¿kdf vl6Psf sd{rf/Lx¿ 

lglZrt ljwfsf dfq} lj1 ePsf] sf/0f 

klg pgLx¿nfO{ yk tfnLd Pj+ k/fdz{sf] 

cfjZostf b]lvPsf] 5 . lhNnfdf /x]sf ^ 

j6} :yfgLo txdf :jf:Yo ;]jf Joj:yfkgsf 

nflu clxn] x]Ny cl;:6]G6 / l;lgo/ cx]a 

txsf Ps÷Ps hgf sd{rf/L v6fOPsf 

5g\ . :yfgLo txx¿n] uDeL/ ¿kdf :jf:Yo 

If]qnfO{ Jojl:yt agfpg Wofg glbg] xf] eg] 

lgs6 eljiod} DofUbLsf :jf:Yo ;+:yfaf6 

lgMz'Ns ljt/0f ul/g] cf}iflw / pkrf/df 

k|of]u x'g] ;fdu|Lsf] cefj x'g;Sg] vt/f 

5 . ;/sf/n] :yfgLo txdf cf}iflw vl/bsf 

nflu b'O{b]lv tLg nfv ?k}ofFsf b/n] ah]6 

k7fPsf] 5 . 

;f] ah]6 ck'u x'g] ePkl5 :yfgLo 

txx¿n] klg ah]6 ljlgof]hg ug{ yfn]sf 

5g\ . a]gL gu/kflnsfn] cf}iflw vl/bsf 

nflu ? * nfv ah]6 ljlgof]hg u/]sf] 

5 . d+unf ufpFkflnsfsf cWoIf ;tk|;fb 

/f]sfn] s'g lgsfo s] s:tf cf}iflw vl/b 

ug]{ eGg] ljifodf cndn ePsf] atfpFb} 

dGqfnon] k7fPsf] b'O{ nfv ?k}ofF ck'u 

ePkl5 ufpFkflnsfn] yk b'O{ nfv ljlgof]hg 

u/]sf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . lhNnf :jf:Yo 

sfof{nosf hg:jf:Yo lg/LIfs eLdk|;fb 

cfrfo{n] kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] cf}iflw 

:yfgLo txn] l;w} vl/b ug{ ;Sg] ePsfn] 

l56f] cf}iflw vl/b u/L ;]jf k|jfxdf c;/ 

kfg{ gx'g] atfpg'x'G5 .

• hg;jfn ;+jfbbftf 

s[lif s/ x6]kl5 rGbf 

p7fP/ ljBfno ;~rfng 

dsjfgk'/– tL;sf] bzs;Dd 

:yfgLo s[ifsaf6 pTkflbt 

t/sf/Ldf nufOg] s/sf] s]xL 

lx:;f kfpFb} cfPsf] hgsNof0f 

dfWolds ljBfnon] clxn] 

cfDbfgLsf cGo ;|f]tdf e/ kg'{ 

k/]sf] 5 .yfxf cleofgsf k|0f]tf 

?krGb| lji6n] yfngL u/]sf] ;f] 

s[lif s/n] ljBfnosf] cfly{s 

;+s6 6g{] u/]sfdf xfn ;/sf/sf] 

Go"g ah]6sf] df/df ljBfno k/]sf] 

xf] . s]Gb| / :yfgLo ;/sf/af6 

kfpg] cg'bfgaf6 gk'u]/ ljBfnon] 

cleefjs / cGo ;|f]taf6 rGbf 

;xof]u h'6fP/ ljBfyL{nfO{ u'0f:t/Lo 

lzIff lbnfpg kxn ul//x]sf] 5 . 

ljBfno z'?cftsf ;dodf cfly{s 

;+s6 x'Fbf tTsfnLg k|wfgfWofks 

?krGb| lji6sf] g]t[Tjdf kfn'ª 

ljsf; ;ldlt @)#! u7g u/L s[lif 

s/sf] cleofg yfngL ePsf] lyof] . 

:yfgLo ¿kdf pTkflbt cfn' / cGo 

t/sf/Ldf k|ltwfgL{ gf} k};f s/ 

nufO{ To;sf] ^) k|ltzt ljBfno 

tyf $) k|ltzt k"jf{wf/ ljsf;df 

vr{g] ul/Psf] k|wfgfWofks ;fgf]efO 

sfsL{n] atfP . 

ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf 

;+:yfks cWoIf emnsrGb| 

lji6 x'g'x'GYof] . ;+of]u yfxf 

gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v klg njz]/ 

lji6 g} 5g\ . lji6x¿s} Tofu / 

alnbfgaf6 ljBfno oxfF;Dd 

cfOk'u]sf] lzIfsx¿ atfpF5g\ . 

;f]xL ljBfnodf k9]sf k|c sfsL{n] 

b'O{ bzsotf s[lif s/sf] lx:;f 

ljBfnon] kfpg] k|0ffnL x6]sf] / 

xfn :yfgLo ;/sf/n] ;f] s/ p7fO{ 

p;sf] jflif{s ah]6sf cfwf/df 

ljBfnon] dfu]sf] cfwf/df s]xL 

/sd lbg] u/]sf] hgfP . dsjfgk'/sf] 

dWoefudf /x]sf] ljBfno yfxf 

gu/kflnsf–& df k5{ . z'?df sIff 

^ b]lv !) ;Dd ;~rfng u/]sf] ;f] 

ljBfnon] @)^@ ;fnb]lv sIff !! 

/ !@ klg ;~rfng ug{ yfn]sf] xf] . 

ljBfnosf] klxnf] k|j]lzsf k/LIff 

@)@^ ;fndf Pshgf dfq ljBfyL{ 

/x]sfdf xfn sIff ! b]lv !@ ;Dd 

s[lif k|fljlws / ;fwf/0ftkm{ u/L 

Ps xhf/ @%& ljBfyL{ 5g\ . oxfF 

u[x lhNnfsf ;fy} l5d]sL lhNnf 

wflbªsf ljBfyL{ klg cfpg] u5{g\ . 

lj;+ @)@% df :yflkt 

;f] ljBfnosf] :j0f{ dxf]T;j 

k}FtL; k|ltzt e'sDk 

kLl8tn] 3/ lgdf{0f u/]gg\ 

rf}tf/f -h;_– e"sDkaf6 

;a}eGbf k|efljt l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf 

#% k|ltzt kLl8tn] cem} 3/ 

lgdf{0f ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . klxnf] 

ls:tf cg'bfg 3/fo;L k|of]hgdf 

vr{ u/]sf] / cfly{s tyf bIf 

sfdbf/ cefj, cfsfl;Fbf] d"No 

j[l4sf sf/0f 3/ lgdf{0f ug{ 

sl7gfO ePsf] kLl8tn] atfPsf 

5g\ . 

lhNnfdf e"sDk kLl8t 

nfeu|fxL &* xhf/ %#& kl/jf/ 

/x]sf 5g\ . klxnf] ;"rLdf 

;dfj]z gePsf kfFr xhf/ !@^ 

kl/jf/n] u'gf;f] btf{ u/fP ;Fu} 

*# xhf/ ^^# kl/jf/ nfeu|fxL 

;"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf 5g\ . 

xfn;Dd lhNnfdf ^% k|ltztn] 

dfq 3/ lgdf{0f z'? u/]sf 5g\ 

eg] #% k|ltztn] cem} z'? 

gu/]sf] zx/L ljsf; tyf ejg 

lgdf{0f l8lehg sfof{nosf 

k|d'v 6+s uf}tdn] atfP . 

bf];|f] ls:tfsf nflu $) 

xhf/ #%) kl/jf/sf nflu 

l;kmfl/z ul/Psf] 5 . t];|f] 

ls:tfsf nflu eg] kfFr xhf/ 

$*^ kl/jf/sf] dfq l;kmfl/z 

ul/Psf] ;f] sfof{non] hgfPsf] 

5 . k'; d;fGtkl5 cfpg] 

nfeu|fxLsf nflu l;kmfl/z 

gul/Psf] atfpFb} Dofb 

yKg]÷gyKg] af/]sf clxn];Dd 

hfgsf/L gcfPsfn] l;kmfl/z 

gul/Psf] k|d'v uf}tdn] atfP . 

o;}aLr e"sDkaf6 hldg 

lr/flr/f k/L a:g} gx'g] ^# 

kl/jf/nfO{ pko'Qm :yfgdf 38]/L 

vl/b u/L :yfgfGt/0f ul/Psf] 

5 . hf]lvddf k/]sf a:tLsf 

kLl8tnfO ;'/lIft :yfgdf 

:yfgfGt/0f ug]{ l;nl;nfdf 

afx|la;] gkf !* / OGb|fjtL 

ufkfsf $# ;lxt ^! kl/jf/nfO{ 

38]/L vl/b u/L hUuf wgLk'hf{ 

ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 . 

/fli6«o k'gMlgdf{0f 

k|flws/0faf6 To:tf kl/jf/sf 

nflu 38]/L vl/b ug{ ? b'O{ 

nfvsf b/n] cg'bfg lbg] qmddf 

kLl8tn] pko'Qm 7fg]sf] :yfgdf 

38]/L vl/b u/L hUuf wgLk'hf{ 

ljt/0f ul/Psf] /fli6«o k'gMlgdf{0f 

k|flws/0f l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf k|d'v 

?b|axfb'/ dNnn] atfP . s]Gb|n] 

lhNnfdf xfn;Dd %@! kl/jf/ 

hf]lvdk"0f{ a:tLdf /x]sf] tYof+s 

k7fPsf] pNn]v ub}{ To;df cem 

a9\g ;Sg] ;Defjgf /x]sf] k|d'v 

dNnn] hfgsf/L lbP . 

kqsf/ l/dfn k'/:s[t 

lj/f6gu/ -h;_– g]skf-Pdfn]_sf g]tf z]/wg /fO{n] b]zdf 

/fhgLlts l:y/tf Pjd\ ;'zf;g sfod /fvL ljsf;nfO{ d'Vo Ph]08f 

agfpg'kg]{ atfPsf 5g\ . pgn] aL;f}F k|]; rf}tf/L lbj;sf cj;/df 

s[i0fk|;fb l;Ub]n :dl[t k|lti7fgåf/f :yflkt …o'jf kqsfl/tf k'/:sf/Ú 

cfOtaf/ oxfF ljt/0f ub}{ ;f] s'/f atfPsf x'g\ . g]tf /fO{n] :yfgLo 

pb\3f]if b}lgsdf sfo{/t kqsf/ sdn l/dfnnfO{ 9fsf 6f]kL klx/fO{ 

? !! xhf/ !!! /flzsf] pQm k'/:sf/af6 ;Ddflgt u/] . 

g]skf -Pdfn]_ df]/ª cWoIf ljgf]b 9sfnn] /f;;nufot ;/sf/L 

;~rf/dfWodnfO{ k|b]zsf] 9fFrfcg';f/ ;'b[9 u/fpg'kg]{df hf]8 lbP . 

;df/f]xsf] pb\3f6g cfOtaf/ 

/fi6«klt ljBfb]jL e08f/Ln] ug'{ePsf] 

xf] . ;f]xL cj;/df ljBfnon] :j0f{ 

dxf]T;j :tDe / s[lif k|of]uzfnf 

ejg klg pb\3f6g eof] . :yfgLo 

9'+ufnfO{ snfTds ¿kdf agfOPsf] 

:tDedf yfxf cleofgsf] k|tLs, 

s[ifsn] pTkfbg ug{] cfn', hf]Tb} 

u/]sf] uf]? / k9\b} u/]sf ljBfyL{;d]t 

b]vfOPsf] 5 . k|ltlglw;efsf ;b:o 

lj/f]w vltj8fn] s[lif s/sf] 

/sdaf6 ;d]t ljBfno rnfpg' 

k/]sf] cj:yf :d/0f ub{} k/]sf] 

v08df clxn] klg :yfgLojf;L / 

s[ifsn] ljBfnonfO{ ;xof]u ug'{kg{] 

atfP . 

ljBfnon] cfufdL lbgdf 

k|fljlws lzIffdf :gfts tx;Dd 

;~rfng u/L bIf hgzlQm 

pTkfbg ug{], z}lIfs lqmofsnfknfO{ 

k|ljlwo'Qm agfO{ u'0f:t/Lotf j[l4 

ug{], ljBfno xftfdf :jR5 lkpg] 

kfgLsf] kof{Kttf / zf}rfnosf] 

Joj:yf tyf lzIfssf] Ifdtf 

clej[l4df lg/Gt/tf lbg] h:tf 

sfo{qmd cl3 ;f/]sf] k|c sfsL{n] 

hgfP . ljBfnon] ;ftfJofkL 

sfo{qmd u/]sf] :j0f{ dxf]T;j 

dgfO/x]sf] 5 . 

df]km;n 

:yfgLo txsf s]Gb|df 

ljB't\ ;]jf gx'Fbf ;d:of 

a}t8L -h;_– a}t8Lsf cfwfeGbf a9L :yfgLo 

txsf s]Gb|df ljB't\ ;]jf gx'Fbf ;d:of ePsf] 5 . 

lhNnfdf /x]sf !) :yfgLo txdWo] ^ j6f :yfgLo txsf 

s]Gb|df ljB't\ ;]jf k'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g . :yfgLo txsf 

s]Gb|df ljB't\ ;]jf gx'Fbf ;/sf/L sfdsfhdf ;d]t afwf 

k'u]sf] :yfgLo txn] hgfPsf 5g\ . ljB't\sf] cefjdf 

gu/kflnsfn] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jfdf ;d:of ePsf] d]nf}nL 

gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf ;b:o ;'/t kfsL{n] atfP . ljB't\sf] 

cefjdf ufpFkflnsfn] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jfdf ;d:of ePsf] 

l;uf; ufpFkflnsfsf cWoIf xl/l;+x wfdLn] atfP . 

pgn] eg], æl;uf; ufpFkflnsf b'u{d ufpFkflnsf 

ePsfn] ljB't\af6 x'g] sfdsf nflu ;b/d'sfd wfpg'kg]{ 

afWotf 5 .Æ 

o:t} k~r]Zj/ ufpFkflnsfn] klg ufpFkflnsfsf] 

s]Gb|;Dd ljB't\ gx'Fbf sfd ug{ ;d:of ePsf] hgfPsf] 

5 . lhNnfsf] k'rf}+{8L gu/kflnsf, d]nf}nL gu/kflnsf, 

l8nf;}gL ufpFkflnsf, l;uf; ufpFkflnsf, lzjgfy 

ufpFkflnsf / k~r]Zj/ ufpFkflnsfsf s]Gb|df ljB't\ 

k'u]sf] 5}g\ . ljB't\ gk'u]sf :yfgLo txn] ljB't\ ;]jf 

lj:tf/sf nflu g]kfn ljB't\ k|flws/0f ljt/0f s]Gb| 

a}t8LnfO{ cfu|x u/]sf] eP klg ah]6sf] cefjdf tTsfn 

ljB't\ ;]jf lj:tf/ ug{ ;lsg] cj:yf g/x]sf] g]kfn 

ljB't\ k|flws/0f a}t8L ljt/0f s]Gb|sf ;'k/efOh/ 

dxfgGb e§n] atfP . 

æljB't\ gePsf ;a} :yfgLo txaf6 ljB't\ lj:tf/sf 

nflu lgj]bg cfP klg ah]6sf] cefjdf ljB't\ ;]jf 

lj:tf/ ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}gÆ, pgn] eg], ælhNnfdf jflif{s 

¿kdf ljB't\ lj:tf/sf nflu tLg–rf/ s/f]8 dfq} ah]6 

cfpg] / of] ah]6 Hofb} Go"g xf] .Æ To;dWo] g]kfn 

ljB't\ k|flws/0f ljt/0f s]Gb| a}t8Lsf cg';f/ a}t8Lsf 

!@ xhf/ 3/w'/Ldf dfq} ljB't\ ;]jf k'u]sf] 5 . u|fdL0f 

If]qdf /x]sf n3'hnljB't\ cfof]hgf klg kl5Nnf] ;do 

wdfwd aGb x'g yfn]kl5 :yfgLo txn] ljB't\sf] ;d:of 

em]ln/x]sf x'g\ . lhNnfdf /x]sf !( j6f n3'hnljB't\ 

cfof]hgfdWo] clwsf+z aGb cj:yfdf 5g\ . 

@)&$ df3 @# ut], d+unaf/ 


ljb]z 

pQ/ sf]l/ofn] blIf0f sf]l/ofdf 

pRr clwsf/L k7fpg] 

;f]n -l;GXjf_– pQ/ sf]l/ofn] o;} xKtfsf] 

cGTolt/ blIf0f sf]l/ofdf cfof]lht zLtsfnLg 

cf]nlDks v]ns"bsf] pb\3f6g ;df/f]xdf 

cfk\mgf] ;/sf/sf pRr txsf clwsf/LnfO{ 

k7fpg] ePsf] ;dfrf/ 5 . o; zLtsfnLg 

cf]lnlDks v]ns"bsf qmddf b'O{ b]zaLrsf] 

;DaGwdf s]xL ;'wf/ cfO/x]sf] / ljutsf] 

tgfj klg s]xL xb;Dd sd x'Fb} uPsf a]nf 

o;/L pQ/ sf]l/ofn] cfk\mgf pRr clwsf/LnfO{ 

ToxfF k7fpg nfu]sf] xf] . pQ/ sf]l/ofn] oxfFsf] 

;+;b\sf k|d'v lsd oª–gfdnfO{ pQ/ sf]l/ofnL 

k|d'v k|ltlglwsf ?kdf ToxfF k7fpg nfu]sf] 

xf] . pQ/ sf]l/ofnL ;+;b\sf k|d'v gfd ljut 

rf/ jif{df blIf0f sf]l/ofsf] e|d0f ug]{ ;a}eGbf 

pRr kb:y pQ/ sf]l/ofnL ;/sf/L clwsf/L 

x'g'x'g] atfOPsf] 5 . 

blIf0f sf]l/ofnL /fi6«kltsf] sfof{no An" 

xfp;sf Ps clwsf/Ln] gfdsf] o; cf;Gg 

e|d0fn] b'O{ sf]l/ofaLrsf] tgfj cGTo ug]{ 

pQ/ sf]l/ofnL rfxgf / p;sf] Odfgbf/LnfO{ 

bzf{Psf] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . pQ/ sf]l/ofnL 

oL pRr:t/Lo clwsf/L gfdn] @@ ;b:oLo 

k|ltlglwd08nsf] g]t[Tjug]{ blIf0f sf]l/ofnL 

Pstf dGqfnon] hgfPsf] 5 . ;f] dGqfnon] 

pxfFsf] e|d0fsf] k'i6L u/]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . 

lsd oª–gfdsf] g]t[Tjsf] pQm 6f]nLdf cGo 

tLghgf pRr ;/sf/L clwsf/L / !* hgf 

;xof]uL sd{rf/L ;+nUg x'g] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L 

blIf0f sf]l/ofnL Pstf dGqfnon] lbPsf] 5 . 

pQm k|ltlglwd08nsf] e|d0f z'qmaf/b]lv z'? 

eO{ cfOtaf/ ;DkGg x'g]5 . pgLx¿n] blIf0f 

sf]l/ofsf] e|d0f yfNg] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L pQ/ 

sf]l/ofsf] ;/sf/L lgsfon] cfkm}n] cf}krfl/s 

?kdf ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5}g . 

t/ klg p;n] blIf0f sf]l/ofsf] /fi6«kltsf] 

sfof{nonfO{ cfOtaf/ /flt hfgsf/L lbPsf] 

blIf0f sf]l/ofsf] Pstf dGqfnosf Pshgf 

clwsf/Ln] atfPsf 5g\ . To;}u/L o;cl3 g} 

zLtsfnLg cf]nlDkssf] pb\3f6g ;df/f]xdf 

b'O{ sf]l/ofsf v]nf8Lx¿n] klg Pp6} em08fd'lg 

Údfr{Ú ug]{5g\ . To:t} lgs} nfdf] ;dokl5 

xfn}dfq pQ/ sf]l/ofnL em08f blIf0f sf]l/ofdf 

kmx/fOPsf] 5 . pQ/ sf]l/ofn] af/Daf/ ug{] 

u/]sf] kf/df0fljs / If]Kof:q sfo{qmdnfO{ lnP/ 

pQ/ sf]l/ofsf] cGt/f{li6«o?kdf cfnf]rgf 

ePsf] 5 . p;n] ljut nfdf] ;dob]lv g} 

bafa, gfsfaGbL / k|ltaGwsf] ;fdgf klg ub}{ 

cfPsf] 5 . 

;'lIft ekbf]{ 

j}b]lzs f]hufLsf] nflu 

xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];\ . 

lk; g]kfn cf]el;h k|f=ln= 

>d Ohfht g+= ^%*÷)^#÷)^$ 

wfkf;L, sf7df8f}+ 

kmf]g M )!–$#*@@%!

@)&$ df3 @# ut], d+unaf/ 


dgf]/~hg÷v]ns'b 

alb{ofdf #( xhf/ k'/:sf/sf] 

d]o/sk l6@) lqms]6 x'Fb} 

albof -h;_– alb{ofsf] 

u'nl/ofdf #( xhf/ k'/:sf/ /fzLsf] 

d]o/sk 6L@) lqms]6 k|ltof]lutf 

x'g] ePsf] 5 . alb{ofsf] ;b/d'sfd 

u'nl/of gu/kflnsfdf klxnf] d]o/sk 

l6–@) lqms]6 k|ltof]lutf ;'?x'g 

nfu]sf] xf] . u'nl/of gu/kflnsfsf] 

cfly{s ;xof]u tyf lhNnf lqms]6 

;+3 alb{ofsf] cfof]hgfdf x'g nfu]sf] 

k|ltof]lutfdf u'nl/of gu/kflnsf 

leqsf 6Ldx? ;xefuL 5g\ . 

;b/d'sfddf s'g} klg lqms]6 d}bfg 

geP kl5 /fli6«o v]ns'b ljsf; 

;ldltsf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] v]n 

d}bfg l:yt se{8xnsf] d}bfgnfO{ 

dd{t u/]/ k|ltof]lutf ;+rfngsf] 

t}of/L /x]sf] 5 . 

df3 @% ut] b]lv kmfu'g $ ut] 

;Dd lnu sd gscfp6sf] cfwf/df 

v]nfOg] lqms]6 k|ltof]lutfdf u'nl/of 

gu/kflnsf leqsf * j6f 6Ldx? 

;xefuL x'g] lhNnf lqms]6 ;+3 

alb{ofsf cWoIf ljgo /fhe08f/Ln] 

atfP . n's]/ a;]sf k|ltefnfO{ aflx/ 

Nofpgsf nflu k|ltof]lutfsf] 

cfof]hgf w]/} 6]jf k'Ug] / lhNnfs} 

lqms]6sf] v]ndf ;'wf/ x'g] s'/f ;d]t 

/fhe08f/Ln] eg] . 

u'nl/of gu/kflnsfd} klxnf] 

k6s cfof]hgf x'g nfu]sf] d]o/sk 

l6@) lqms]6 k|ltof]lutfdf ANofsjs 

lqms]6 Sna u'nl/of, hgr]tgf 

o'jf Sna v}/L, lxdfnL :kf]6{;\ Sna 

rf}u'hL{, alb{of6fOu/ o'y :kf]6{;\ 

Sna u'nl/of, hob'uf{ejfgL Sna 

t'lN;k'/, lzjzlQm ;dfh v}/fk'/, 

v}/fk'/ :kf]6{;\ Sna / /fO{lhË :6f/ 

:kf]6{;\ Sna u'nl/of l6d /x]sf 

5g . ;a}eGbf w]/} k'/:sf/ /fzLsf] 

k|ltof]lutfdf k|yd x'g] 6LdnfO{ gub 

@& xhf/ %;o ?k}ofF / lålto x'g] 

6LdnfO{ gub !! xhf/ %;o ?k}ofF 

k|bfg ul/g] hgfOPsf] 5 . 

To:t} Dofg ckm b Dofr 3f]lift 

x'g] v]nf8LnfO{ gub %;o tyf Dofg 

ckm b l;l/hsf v]nf8LnfO{ gub % 

xhf/ ?k}ofF k'/:sf/ /fzL /flvPsf] 

5 . u'nl/of gu/kflnsfn] klxnf] 

k6s ug{ nfu]sf] d]o/sk lqms]6 

k|ltof]lutfdf ;xof]u ug{ u'nl/of 

gu/kflnsfsf d]o/ d'lQmgfy ofbjn] 

cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . k|ltof]lutfsf 

;DaGwdf lhNnf lqms]6 ;+3 alb{ofn] 

kqsf/ ;Dd]ng ub}{ sfo{qmdsf 

af/]df hfgsf/L ;d]t u/fPsf] 5 . 

klxnf]k6s ePsfn] cg'ej 

gx'Fbf yf]/} ah]6 ljlgof]hg ePsf] 

eGb} cfufdL jif{x?df v]ns'bsf 

If]qdf ljz]if kxn ug]{ pgsf] egfO 

5. lqms]6 v]ndf g]kfnn] cGt/fl{\i6«o 

:t/df klxrfg agfpg yfn]sfn] 

u'nl/of gu/kflnsf If]qaf6 klg 

lqms]6sf v]nf8Lx? pTkfbg ug]{tkm{ 

cfk\mgf] Wofg s]lGb|t ePsf] d]o/ 

ofbjn] k|i6 kf/] . pgn] yk] /fd|f] 

v]nf8L pTkfbg ug{ ;s] u'nl/of 

gu/kflnsfsf] dfq xf]Og b]zs} lqms]6 

If]qsf] d]?b08 ;an x'G5. lqms]6sf] 

ljsf;sf nflu s'g} s;/ afFsL 

g/fVg] pgsf] egfO lyof] . 

6f]6gXofd / lne/k'n 

a/fa/Ldf /f]lsP 

sf7df8f}+ -Ph]G;L_– Oªlnz lk|ldo/ lnu 

cGtu{t uP/ftL ePsf] /f]dfGrs v]ndf lne/k'n 

/ 6f]6gXofdaLrsf] v]n a/fa/Ldf ;lsPsf] 5 . 

lne/k'nsf] 3/]n' d}bfgdf ePsf] v]ndf v]nsf] 

OGh'/L ;dodf k]gfN6Laf6 uf]n ub}{ Xof/L s]gn] 

6f]6gXofdnfO{ xf/af6 hf]ufPsf 5g . o; cl3 

!–! uf]nsf] a/fa/Ldf /x]sf] cj:yfdf OGh'/L 

;dodf df]xdb ;fnxn] uf]n ub}{ lne/k'nnfO{ 

@–! sf] cu|tf lbnfPsf lyP . OGh'/L ;dosf] 

clGtd ldg]6df 6f]6gXofdn] k]gfN6L kfpbf 

v]nsf] glthf ablnPsf] lyof] . o;cl3 v]sf] t];|f] 

ldg]6df g} lne/k'nn] ;fnxs} uf]ndf :??jftL 

ut{ lnPsf] lyof] . 

6f]6gXofdn] v]nsf] *)cf} ldg]6df leS6/ 

jgofdfsf] uf]ndf a/fa/L u/]sf] lyof] . To;kl5 

v]nsf] *&cf} ldg]6df kfPsf] k]gfN6L Xof/L s]gn] 

ld; ubf{ 6f]6gXofd cu|tf lng] df}sfaf6 r's]sf] 

lyof] . o; v]ndf u/]sf] uf]naf6 Xof/L s]gn] 

nf lnufdf cfk\mgf] Ps ;of} Un k'/f u/]sf 5g\ . 

s]gn] !$! v]n v]Nb} ;o uf]n u/]sf x'g\ . of] 

a/fa/L kl5 lne/k'n @^ v]ndf %! c+s;lxt 

lnusf] t];|f] :yfgdf /x]sf] 5 eg] 6f]6gXofd 

@^ v]ndf $( c+s;lxt lnusf] kfFrf} :yfgdf 

/x]sf] 5 . 

h]/f8{ lks]sf] uf]ndf afl;{nf]gf xf/af6 hf]luof] 

sf7df8f}+ -Ph]G;L_– :k]lg; nf lnuf 

cGtu{t afl;{nf]gf a/fa/Ldf /f]lsPsf] 

5 . uP/ftL ePsf] v]ndf O:k]lgof]n;Fu 

afl;{nf]gf !–! uf]nsf] a/fa/Ldf /f]lsPsf] 

xf] . !–) n] kl5 k/]sf] afl;{nf]gf lnof]g]n 

d];Lsf] k|mL–lssdf h]/f8{ lks]n] x]8af6 

uf]n u/]kl5 xf/af6 hf]luPsf] lyof] . 

v]nsf] *@cf} ldg]6df lks]n] uf]n u/]sf 

lyP . o;cl3 O:kf]lgonsf nflu v]nsf] 

^^cf} ldg]6df h]/f8{ df]/]gf]n] uf]n ub}{ 

;'?jftL cu|tf lbnfPsf lyP . 

o; v]ndf lnof]g]n d];L bf];|f] 

xfkmsf] %(cf} ldg]6df dfq d}bfgdf 

l5/]sf lyP . lne/k'naf6 afl;{nf]gf cfP 

lkmlnk sf]lG6Gxf]n] afl;{nf]gfsf nflu o; 

v]ndf klg 8]Eo' uf]n ug{ c;kmn ePsf 

5g\ . sf]lG6Gxf]n] xfg]sf] an af/df nfu]/ 

aflx/LPsf] lyof] . jiff{sf aLr ePsf] 

v]ndf afl;{nf]gfn] a/fa/Lsf] glthf 

lgsfn]kl5 bf];|f] :yfgdf /x]sf] Pyn]l6sf] 

Dofl8«8;Fu ca s]an ( c+ssf] b'/L 

sfod ePsf] 5 . 

lzjd\ Go' 8fod08 

/ PkLPkm ;]ldkmfOgndf 

sf7df8f}+ -h;_– lzjd\ 

Go' 8fod08 Ps]8]dL / PkLPkm 

Snan] k|yd lzjd\ Go' 8fodG8 

sk elnan /fli6«o v'nf 

dlxnf elnan k|ltof]lutfsf] 

;]ldkmfO{gndf :yfg z'/lIft 

u/]sf 5g\ . cfO{tjf/ ePsf] 

p¢f6g v]ndf lzjd\ Go' 

8fod08n] g]kfn cfdL{nfO{ 

#–) sf] ;f]emf] ;]6df x/fpb} 

;d"x aL sf] lah]tfsf] ?kdf 

clGtd rf/df :yfg agfPsf] 

xf] . k|efjzfnL cf]kg :kfO{s/ 

k|ltef dfnfL j'dg ckm bL 

Dofr ag]sf] lnu v]ndf lzjd\ 

Go' 8fod08n] g]kfn cfdL{nfO{ 

@%–!#,@%–!( / @%–!& sf] 

;f]emf] ;]6df x/fof] . lzjd\ 

l;d]G6sf] d'Vo k|fof]hgdf 

;+rfng ePsf] k|ltof]lutf 

;d"x P sf] lnu v]ndf 

PkLPkmn] 6K; pdfaLnfO{ #–) 

sf] ;f]emf] ;]6df x/fof] . 

6K;sL e]6«g v]nf8L 

zl;;/f yfkfn] ;]6/sf] e"ldsf 

lgjf{x u/] kl5 alnof] aGb} 

uPsf] 6K; pkfaLsf] l6dn] 

bf]>f] ;]6df PkLPkmnfO{ r'gf}tL 

lbPsf] lyof] . PkLPkmn] klxnf] 

/ t]>f] ;]6 ;xh lgsfn] klg 

bf]>f] ;]6df sf]6{df lgs} d]xgt 

ug{'kof]{ . klxnf] ;]6 @%–!@ n] 

lht] klg bf]>f] ;]6 xft kfg{ 

@%–@@ sf] nfdf] ;]6 v]Ng' 

k/]sf] lyof] . t]>f] ;]6f eg] 

@%–!) sf] ;xhtfdf cfk\mgf] 

gfddf n]vfpb} ;d"x P sf] 

lah]tfsf] ?kdf clGtd rf/df 

:yfg kSsf uof]{ . PkLPkmsf] 

lhtdf pTs[i6 k|bz{g u/]sL 

k|efjzfnL cf]kg :kfO{s/ 

;/:jtL rf}w/L j'dg ckm bL 

Dofr r'lgO{g\ . k|ltof]lutfdf 

j'dg ckm bL Dofr r'lgPsf 

v]nf8Lx?nfO{ :kf]6{;\ kf]zfs 

pTkfbg slDkgL ;fxf; 

:kf]6{:sf k|d'v hgs Gof}kfg]n] 

k|fof]hg u/]sf 5g\ . 

;fxf; :kf]6{:n] 

k|ltof]lutfsf j'dg ckm bL 

Dofrsf ;Dk"0f{ v]nf8Lx?nfO{ 

cfk\mgf] a|fG6sf] 6«fos–;'6 

pknAw u/fPsf] 5 . 9f]/kf6g 

elnan k|lzIf0f Snadf 

;+rfng ePsf] k|ltof]lutfsf] 

p¢f6g k"j{ ;ef;b Zofd 

>]i7, d'Vo k|fof]hs lzjd\ 

l;d]G6 lnld6]8sf pkfWoIf 

;hg b]jsf]6f, l;lgo/ 

dfs]l{\6ª k|d'v s]za cof{n, 

g]kfn elnan ;+3sL 

sf]iffWoIf ;'gs]z/L dfnL, 

k|ltof]lutf ;+of]hs s'df/ 

/fO{n] u/]sf lyP . k|ltof]lutfsf] 

ljh]tfn] Ps nfv %! xhf/ 

?k}ofF k'/:sf/ k|fKt ug]{5g\ . 

pkljh]tfn] k|fKt ug]{ Ps nfv 

Ps xhf/sf] gub k|fof]hg 

gf/fo0faxfb'/ dxh{gn] u/]sf 

5g\ . To:t} t];|f] :yfg xfl;n 

ug]{n] %! xhf/ k|fof]hg k|jf;L 

elnan k|]dL a'4Ldfg tfdfªn] 

u/]sf 5g\ . rf}yf] :yfg xfl;n 

ug]{n] l6dn] k|fKt ug]{ /sd @! 

xhf/ k'/:sf/sf] k'/:sf/ xfn 

hfkg lgjf;L g]kfn elnan 

;+3sf hfkfgsf cWoIf glag 

u'?ªn] u/]sf 5g\ . 

k|ltof]lutfsf] ;jf]{Ts[i6 

v]nf8Ln] k|fKt ug]{ !) xhf/ 

afnsf]6 l:yt z]/jxfb'/ 

v8\sf :d[lt k|lti7fgn] 

;f}hGo u/]sf] 5 . 

gLtfsf] lkmNd …k~rfotÚsf] 

6«]n/ ;fj{hlgs 

yfONof08sf] k's]6df 

;lsof] …l8«d un{Ú 

sf7df8f}+ -h;_– cfufdL 

r}q @ ut] l/lnh x'g] lkmNd 

…k~rfotÚsf] 6«]n/ ;fj{hlgs 

ePsf] 5 . /fhwfgLdf 

cfOtaf/ kqsf/dfem lkmNd 

o'lg6n] 6«]n/ ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 

xf] . lkmNddf k|wfgk~rsf] 

e"ldsfdf b]lvPsf cleg]tf 

;/f]h vgfnn] lkmNd gfd 

h:tf] /fhgLlt s]lGb|t g/x]sf] 

hfgsf/L lbP . lkmNdsL gflosf 

gLtf 9'+ufgfn] cfkm"n] gL/ 

zfxsf] lkmNd …d;fgÚ kl5 … 

k~rfotÚdf ;zQm e"ldsf 

kfPsf] atfOg . …gL/ c+snsf] 

lkmNd …d;fgÚsf] clegoaf6 

d}n] cjf8{ klg kfPF . 

of] lkmNddf klg 

…d;fgÚs} h:tf] ;zQm 

e"ldsfdf clego u/]sL 5',Ú 

gLtfn] elgG, …lkmNddf d]/f] 

rl/q ljBfno k9\b} u/]sL 

aflnsfsf] 5 . of] rl/qdf 

9fNg dnfO{ lgs} d]xgt 

ug{'k/]sf] lyof] .Úcd]l/sfsf] 

;gk|mflG;:sf]df ePsf] g]kfnL 

lkmNd km]l:6andf gLtfn] 

oxL lkmNdaf6 …pTs[i6 

gflosfÚsf] cjf8{ kfPsL 

lyOg\ . cd]l/sfdf ePsf] 

…;fg k|mflG;:sf] OG6/g]zgn 

Go' sG;]K6 lkmNd km]l:6enÚdf 

of] lkmNd …pTs[i6 lkmNdÚ 

ePsf] lyof] . 

lkmNddf ¿kf /fgf, uLtf 

clwsf/L, u0f]z lu/L, hfxfGjL 

a:g]t, ljzfn kxf/L, ls/0f 

yfkf, /fh'afa' >]i7nufotsf] 

clego 5 . lzjd\ clwsf/Lsf] 

n]vg tyf lgb]{zg /x]sf] 

lkmNddf /fdhL nfld5fg]sf] 

sf]l/of]u|fkmL, 6+s a'9fyf]sLsf] 

;+uLt, /fd]Zj/ sfsL{sf] 

5fof+sg / ljlkg dNnsf] 

;Dkfbg 5 . ;~rf/sdL{ /lj 

clwsf/L sfo{sf/L lgdf{tf 

/x]sf] lkmNddf ;'zfGts'df/ 

>]i7, z+s/k|;fb ;'j]bL lgdf{tf 

tyf d]g'sf 9'+ufgf ;xlgdf{tf 

5g\ . 

lkmNd …s[Ú sf] gofF uLt ;fj{hlgs 

sf7df8f}+ -h;_– lkmNd …s[Ú sf] gofF 

uLt ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . …olt olt kfgLÚ 

kl5 lkmNdsf] bf];|f] uLt…hfgL ghfgL dfofÚ 

af]nsf] uLt ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] xf] . /fhwfgLdf 

Ps sfo{qmd u/L uLtdf cgdf]n / clblt 

lkmr/Lªdf /x]sf 5g\ . cToGt ;'Gb/ b[Zodf 

5fof+sg ul/Psf] o; uLtsf clwsf+z b[Zo 

:s6Nof08df lvlrPsf] lgdf{0f kIfn] hfgsf/L 

lbPsf] 5 . 

;'jf; OG6/6]Gd]G6sf] lgdf{0f / ;'k/ 

sfhf]n lkmNd;sf] Pzf]l;ozgdf lgdf0f{ ePsf] 

lkmNd cfufdL df3 @^ ut] l/lnh x'b}F5 . 

;'jf; lu/L / e'jg s];Ln] ;+o'Qm ?kdf lgdf{0f 

u/]sf] o; lkmNdnfO{ ;'/]Gb| kf}8]nn] lgb]{zg 

u/]sf 5g\ . …s[Údf cgdf]n s];L, gjgflosf 

cflbtL a'9fyf]sL, cg'k ljqmd zfxL, sfd]Zj/ 

rf}/fl;of, ;/f]h vgfn, ?kf /fgf, cldt lu/L, 

nIdL lu/L, ;'bfd l;s] nufotsf snfsf/ 

x?sf] d'Vo clego /x]sf] 5 . 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–lgb]{zs 

Clif/fh cfrfo{n] rnlrq …l8«d 

un{Úsf] 5fofFsg ;sfPsf 5g\ . s]xL 

lbg cufl8 yfONof08sf] laleGg 

/dl0fo aftfaf/0fdf Ps uLt 

5fofFsg ub}{ pgn] rnlrq ;sfPsf 

x'g\ . 

uLtsf] cnjf rnlrqsf] 

nflu !# b[Zo ;d]t yfONof08df 

lvlrPsf] lgb]{zs cfrfo{n] hfgsf/L 

lbP . cf/=la d'lehn] l/n P08 l/on 

l;g]df;Fusf] ;xsfo{df lgdf{0f 

ul//x]sf] rnlrq sf7df8f}+, /f/fIf]q 

kl5 5fofFsgsf nflu yfONof08 

k'u]sf] lyof] . yfONof08sf] k's]6, 

sdnf a[r nufotsf y'k|} :yfgdf 

rnlrq 5fofFsg ePsf] lgb]{zs 

cfrfo{n] hfgsf/L lbP . 

k|]dsyfdf lgdf{0f ePsf] 

of] rnlrq lgb]{zs cfrfo{ / 

ch{'g zdf{n] ldn]/ agfPsf 

x'g\ . rnlrqsf ;x–lgdf{tf /fd]:j/ 

lwtfn /x]sf 5g\ . rnlrqdf gj– 

snfsf/ cfsfz >]i7, cfidf lu/L, 

;/f]h vgfn, ljN;g laqmd /fO, 

nIdL lu/L, ?k ;'j]bL, ch{'g >]i7, 

lzlz/ e08f/L, nufot snfsf/sf] 

clego /x]sf] 5 . ch{'g kf]v/]nsf] 

;+uLt, ;d|f6 a:g]tsf] PS;g / 

ulDe/ lai6sf] g[To /xg] rnlrq 

lgdf{0fdf ;fpy OlG8og Aofg/sf] 

klg ;xsfo{ /x]sf] 5 .

] 

cy{÷/f]huf/ 

5 n]g ;8ssf] bfof“afof“ / 

dWoefudf km"naf/L 

n'lDagL-h;_–a'6jn–a]nlxof 

;8sv08cGtu{t dl0fu|fdb]lv a'6jn 

/fhdfu{;Ddsf] 5 n]g ;8ssf] bfofFafofF 

/ dWoefunfO{ cfsif{s agfOPsf] 5 . 

lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ul/Psf] ;8snfO{ 

;'Gb/ / xl/ofnL agfpg] p2]Zocg'?k 

u|Lg a]N6df km"naf/L lgdf{0f ul/Pkl5 

cfsif{s b]lvPsf] xf] . a'6jn j8f g+ !) 

/ !! sf] sflnsfgu/ If]qsf :yfgLo 

6f]n ;ldltsf] ;lqmotfdf ljleGg kfs{ 

lgdf{0f u/L xl/ofnL km"naf/L agfOPsf] 

5 . km"naf/L lgdf{0f ul/Pkl5 pQm If]q 

lgs} ;'Gb/ b]lvPsf] 5 . :yfgLojf;Lsf] 

cu|;/tfdf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] km"naf/Lsf] 

;+/If0f klg :yfgLojf;Ln] g} ug]{ u/]sf 

5g\ . :yfgLojf;Ln] cfˆgf] 3/ cufl8 

;8ssf] efunfO{ km"naf/L tyf 

s/];faf/Lsf ?kdf ljsf; ul//x]sf 

5g\ . pgLx¿n] nufPsf km"naf/L tyf 

t/sf/Laf/Ldf cfkm"n] vgvf]/;b]lv lnP/ 

kfgL xfNg] sfd ub}{cfPsf 5g\ . 

ltnf]Qdf gu/kflnsfsf] ;8s 

km"naf/Ldf sfd ub}{ cfPsf Pshgf 

:yfgLojf;Ln] eg] ltnf]Qdf gu/kflnsfn] 

s'g} ;xof]u gu/]sf] atfP . gu/kflnsfn] 

cGo ;xof]u ug{ g;s] klg aLplahg, 

dnnufotsf] ;xof]udfq} ul/lbP k'Ug] 

pgsf] egfO 5 . lu|g/L hf]gdf lgdf{0f 

ul/Psf] km"naf/LnfO{ Ps} k|sf/sf kmnfd] 

kfOk / hfnLn] ;+/If0f u/L cfsif{s 

agfOPsf] 5 . km"naf/Ldf nufOPsf 

la?jfsf] ;+/If0f / /]vb]vsf nflu ljleGg 

tLg :yfgdf l;l;l6eL Sofd]/f;d]t 

h8fg ul/Psf] atfOPsf] 5 . 5 n]g 

;8snfO{ km"naf/L;lxtsf] g]kfns} gd"gf 

s ~ r g k ' / - h ; _ – a ] n f } / L 

gu/kflnsfdf /x]sf] a]nf}/L 5f]6L 

eG;f/ sfof{nosf] /fhZj ;+sngdf 

sdL cfPsf] 5 . ef/ttkm{ eG;f/ 

sfof{no gx'Fbf ef/tLo ;Ldf ;'/Iff 

an -P;P;aL_n] ;fdfg Nofpg glbFbf 

/fhZj 36]sf] xf] . dfl;s nfvf}Fsf] 

/fhZj p7\g] 5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{nodf 

d'l:snn] ? $) xhf/b]lv ? *) 

xhf/;Dd dfq} /fhZj p7\g] u/]sf] 5 . 

ef/tLo ;'/IffsdL{n] Jofkf/LnfO{ ;fdfg 

Nofpg glbFbf /fhZjdf sdL cfPsf] 

5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{nosf sd{rf/L 

jL/l;+x wfdLn] atfP . s]xL 3/fo;L 

;fdfg Nofpg eg] ef/tLo ;'/IffsdL{n] 

5'6 lbg] u/]sf 5g\ . b}lgs ? %)) b]lv 

? Ps xhf/;Dd /fhZj p7\g] u/]sf] 

xl/ofnL ;8s agfpg /sd ljlgof]hg 

ul/Psf] a'6jn pkdxfgu/kflnsfn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . pkdxfgu/kflnsf k|d'v 

lzj/fh ;'j]bLn] j8f g+ !) / !! 

cGtu{tsf] 5 n]g ;8s If]qnfO{ xl/ofnL 

agfpg ? #) nfv vr{ ul/g] u/L ah]6 

ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] atfP . cfufdL r}t 

dlxgfleq pkdxfgu/ If]qleq kg]{ 5 

n]g ;8ssf] ;a} lsgf/df xl/ofnL / 

cfsif{s km"naf/L lgdf{0f x'g] pgn] 

atfP . xl/ofnL k|j4{gsf nflu cfly{s 

Joj:yfkg pkdxfgu/kflnsfn] ug]{5 

eg] la?jfsf] ;Dj4{g / ;+/If0fsf] 

lhDdf :yfgLo ;d'bfon] lng'kg]{5 . 

hgsNof0f 6f]n ljsf; ;+:yfsf] 

cu'jfOdf ? 5 nfvsf] nfutdf zxLb 

:df/s kfs{ lgdf{0f ul/Psf] ;+:yfsf 

cWoIf lgd{nk|sfz /fgfn] hfgsf/L 

lbP . zxLb :df/s kfs{ lgdf{0fdf ? 

5 nfv vr{ ul/Psf] 5 . 5]pdf /x]sf] 

sflnsf xl/ofnL km"naf/L lgdf{0fdf 

klg ? rf/ nfv nufgL ePsf] 5 . 

sflnsf rf]s 6f]n ;ldltsL cWoIf 

zs'Gtnf k'gn] xfnnfO{ sflnsf 

xl/ofnL km"naf/Ldf !%) j6f la?jf 

nufOPsf] hfgsf/L lbP . 7"nf 

la?jfsf] aLrdf ;okqL, uf]bfj/L, 

8flnofnufot df};dL km"nsf la?jf 

nufP/ o;nfO{ xl/ofnL agfpg] 

of]hgf 5 . 

eG;f/ sfof{no gx'“bf 

/fhZj ;+sngdf sdL 

wfdLn] atfP . 

rfn" cfjsf] ;fpg dlxgfdf ? %) 

xhf/, ebf}df ? &* xhf/, c;f]hdf 

? *$ xhf/, sflQsdf ? ^( xhf/, 

d+l;/df ? %! xhf/ / k';df ? $* 

xhf/ /fhZj ;+sng ePsf] 5 . 

ef/tLo ;'/IffsdL{;Fusf] ldn]dtf]df 

s]xL JolQmn] eG;f/ 5Nb} ef/taf6 7"nf] 

dfqfdf ;fdfg leqØfpg] u/]sfn] klg 

/fhZj ;+sngdf sdL cfPsf] :yfgLo 

afl;Gbf atfpF5g\ . 

gfoa ;'Aafsf] b/aGbL /x]sf] pQm 

5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{no nfdf] ;dob]lv 

;xof]uLsf e/df ;~rfng x'Fb} cfPsf] 

5 . nfdf] ;dob]lv eG;f/sf] sfdsfh 

b'O{ hfgf sfof{no ;xof]uLn] ;~rfng 

ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . u8\8frf}sL sfof{non] 

;xof]uLnfO{ kfn}kfnf] 5f]6L eG;f/ 

sfof{nodf v6fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . cfkm" 

v'zL eG;f/df /fhZj a'emfpg]af6 dfq} 

/fhZj lng] u/]sf] sfof{no ;xof]uL jL/ 

l;+x af]x/fn] atfP . åGå cl3 lj:yflkt 

a]nf}/L 5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{no k'gM :yfkgf 

eP/ sfo{ ;~rfng eP klg e/kbf]{ 

;''/Iff Joj:yf 5}g . laxfg !) ah]b]lv 

;fFem ^ ah];Dd b'O{hgf ;z:q k|x/Lsf 

hjfgn] ;'/Iff lbg] eP klg ;fFem ^ 

ah]kl5 eG;f/ sfof{no ;'/IffljxLg x'g] 

u/]sf] 5 . sd{rf/L c;'/Iffsf] sf/0f 

/flt eG;f/ sfof{nodf a:b}gg\ . 

sfof{nosf ;+/rgf hL0f{ aGb} 

sfd ug{ ;d]t sd{rf/LnfO{ ufx|f] 5 . 

eG;f/ sfof{no ;~rfngsf nflu jiff}+{ 

klxn] lgdf{0f ul/Psf ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] 

;+/If0f / ;+j4{gsf] sfo{ gul/Fbf hL0f{ 

ag]sf x'g . b'O{ tn] Ps / cGo b'O{ ejg 

5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{no;Fu /x]sf 5g\ . 

b'O{ tn] ejg jiff}+{ klxn] lgdf{0f ePsf] 

ejg h'g;'s} a]nf eTsg] cj:yfdf 5 . 

eG;f/ sfof{no;Fu /x]sf] rf/ laufxf 

!& sÝf hUuf k|of]uljxLg 5 . Ps ;o 

jif{eGbf k'/fgf] 5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{nosf] 

:t/f]Ggltsf] sfo{ u/L eG;f/sf ?kdf 

kl/0ft u/L ef/t;Fusf] gfsf v'nfpg' 

kg]{ :yfgLo afl;Gbfn] hf]8lbPsf 5g\ . 

ef/t;Fusf] a]nf}/L gfsf v'nf u/]df 

o; If]qsf] cfly{s ;d[l4df 6]jf k'Ug] 

b]lvG5 . lj;+ @)@( df a]nf}/Laf6 

lhNnf ;b/d'sfd dx]Gb|gu/ ;fl/Pkl5 

5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{nosf] :t/f]Gglt x'g 

;s]sf] 5}g . 

;Lk l;s]/ :j/f]huf/ aGb} a]rlavg 

tyf lx+;f k|efljt r]nL 

lrtjg -h;_–a]rlavg tyf 

lx+;f k|efljt r]nL clxn] ;Lk 

l;s]/ :j/f]huf/ aGg yfn]sf 5g\ . 

pgLx¿n] sk8f l;nfpg], 8n, s';g 

agfpg], xft]s8fO, vfFbf, xft] Aofu, 

;n, lsl/ª, Xof08L qmfˆ6nufotsf 

;fdu|L agfpg l;s]/ :j/f]huf/ aGb} 

uPsf x'g\ . a]rlavg tyf lx+;fdf 

k/]sfsf] p4f/ tyf k'gM:yfkgdf 

;lqmo x'Fb} cfPsf] ;+:yf s]cfO 

g]kfnn] cf>o lbP/ pgLx¿nfO{ 

lrtjgdf ;Lk l;sfpFb} 5 . æslt 

lbbLalxgL :j/f]huf/ eO;s], s]cfO 

g]kfnsL lrtjg ;+of]hs s]ldsf 

l3ld/]n] eg], clxn] klg lrtjgdf 

!( hgf lbbLalxgL ;Lk l;Sb} 5g\ .Æ 

oxfF p4f/ u/]/ NofOPsf sltko 

r]nL ef/tdf r/d lx+;fdf k/]sf klg 

5g\ . 

sltko a]rlavg t sltko 

hf]lvddf k/]sf a]nf s]cfO 

g]kfndfkm{t p4f/ ul/Psf 5g\ . 

t];|f] d'n'sdf k'u]sf r]nLnfO{ ;d]t 

p4f/ ul/Psf] l3ld/] atfpF5g\ . tLg 

dlxgfcl3 ef/t hfg] qmddf jL/u~h 

gfsfaf6 p4f/ ul/PsL Ps r]nLn] 

lrtjgdf s'tf{ z'?jfn, aRrfsf] 

ef]6f], 8n, s';g, kfOhfdf ;a} 

agfpg l;ls;s]sf] atfP . æcem} 

s]xL l;Sg afFsL 5, ;Lk l;s]/ cfkm}F 

s]xL ug{] of]hgf 5, pgn] eg], ca 

Joj;fo u/]/ cfˆg} v'§fdf pleg] .Æ 

s]cfO g]kfnn] cfkm"nfO{ 7"nf] ;xof]u 

u/]sf] atfpg] csL{ lszf]/L klg clxn] 

oxfF ;Lk l;Sb} 5g\ . 

5 dlxgfcl3 sfdsf] vf]hLdf 

ef/t hfg] qmddf lj/f6gu/ ;Ldf 

gfsfaf6 pgnfO{ p4f/ ul/Psf] 

lyof] . pg klg clxn] lrtjgl:yt 

s]cfO g]kfnsf] k'gM:yfkg u[xdf a;]/ 

;Lk l;Sb} 5g\ . pQm ;+:yfdf clxn] 

b'O{ r]nL cfˆg} cfkmGtaf6 s/0fLdf 

k/]sfnfO{ ;+/If0f lbO/x]sf] 5 . !( hgf 

a]rlavgdf k/]sf / hf]lvddf k/]sf 

5g\ . pgLx¿nfO{ tLglbg l;nfO / 

tLglbg xft] s8fO agfpg l;sfpg] 

k|lzIfs nIdL ljs atfpF5g\ . ;g\ 

@)!& df dfq} oxfF p4f/ ul/Psf] $& 

hgfnfO{ kl/jf/df ldng u/fOPsf] 

5 . h;dWo] #% hgf clxn] ljleGg 

Joj;fodf nfu]sf 5g\ . ;Lk l;s]sfn] 

clxn] 8n s';g agfpg], l;nfOs6fO 

ug{] / tof/L vfgf agfP/ :j/f]huf/ 

ag]sf ;+:yfsL n]vf ;xfos k"l0f{df 

>]i7 atfpF5g\ . 

@)&$ df3 @# ut], d+unaf/ 


d'cfAhf ljt/0fn] bf];|f] cGt//fli6«o 

ljdfg:yn lgdf{0fsf] af6f] v'Nof] 

jL/u~h-h;_–hUufwgL 

d'cfAhf lng cfPkl5 s]xL jif{ 

cl3;Dd] cGof]ndf /x]sf] bf];|f] 

cGt//fli6«o ljdfg:ynsf] lgdf0f{ 

sfo{n] ult lng yfn]sf] 5 . 

ax'k|ltlIft cfof]hgfsf] ?kdf 

/x]sf] ;f] ljdfg:ynsf] lhtk'/ 

l;df/fl:yt cfof]hgf sfof{nodf 

d'cfAhf lng] tyf lgj]bg lbg]sf] 

nsf{] nfUg yfn]kl5 cfof]hgfn] 

klg lgdf{0f k|lqmofnfO{ tLj|tf 

lbg yfn]sf] xf] . cfof]hgfn] 

Ps jif{ cufl8 ljdfg:ynsf] 

rf/lsNnf 5'6Øfpg jftfj/0fLo 

d"Nof+sg k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs 

u/]kl5 d'cfAhflng cfn6fn 

ug{]x¿ ca d'cfAhfsf nflu 

cfof]hgf sfof{nodf wfpg] 

u/]sf] cfof]hgfsf Joj:yfks 

/fdxl/ dxh{gn]{ atfP . 

sf]nxaL gu/kflnsfcGtu{t 

kg{ ] sf6 ufpFsf !) laufxf / 

ss8Lsf !)) laufxf hUuf 

ljdfg:ynleq kg{] ePsf] 5 . 

gDa/L hUuf ePsf tL ufpFsf 

afl;Gbfn] hUuf d"No lgwf{/0f 

;ldltåf/f lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 

d"Nocg';f/ sltkon] d'cfAhf 

nlu;s]sf 5g\ eg] sltkon] 

lgj]bg lbg] qmddf /x]sf] ;"rgf 

clwsf/L ljho ofbjsf] egfO 5 . 

sfF6ufpF / ss8Lsf %% 3/w'/Ln] 

d'cfAhfsf] nflu lgj]bg lbPsf 5g\ 

eg] afFsL %) 3/w'/Ln] lgj]bg lbg 

afFsL /x] klg cfof]hgfn] sfddf 

tLj|tf lbPsf] xf] . 

ljdfg:yn lgdf{0fsf 

nflu !! xhf/ *&% laufxf 

If]qkmndWo] !!) laufxf gDa/L 

hUuf clwu|x0f ug{ cfof]hgf 

;kmn ePsf] 5 . clxn];Dd 

? ;f9] ;ft s/f]8 vr{ u/]/ 

k;xf vf]nfdf t6aGw lgdf{0f 

ug{ nfluPsf] 5 eg] ljdfg:yn 

Pl/of 5'6Øfpg] sfd cufl8 

a9]sf] 5 . ljdfg:yn lgdf{0f ug{ 

7"nf] ;fgf] u/L sl/a ;ft nfv 

?v sf6\g'kg]{ ePsfn] ;f] sfd 

g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ lhDdf lbOPsf] 

5 eg] l8kLcf/ lgdf{0f ePkl5 

s;/L ljdfg:yn agfpg] 

;f]xL cfwf/df lgdf{0f x'g] ;"rgf 

clwsf/L ofbjsf] egfO 5 . 

ljdfg:ynsf] wfjgdfu{df 

/x]sf] 6f+luof a:tLnfO{ d'cfAhf 

lbg] glbg]af/] eg] cfof]hgf 

df}g 5 . cfof]hgfsf clwsf/L 

eG5g\–6f+luofsf afl;Gbfn] 

h+un km8fgL u/L a;]sf] a:tL 

a;fPsf] / pgLx¿;Fu nfnk"hf{ 

gePsfn] o;af/]df ;/sf/n] h] 

lg0f{o u5{ ToxLcg';f/ cl3 a9g] 

cfof]hgfsf kbflwsf/Lsf] egfO 

5 . ;/sf/n] ljdfg:ynsf] 

l8kLcf/ tof/ ug{ sG;g6]G;L 

5gf]6 ul//x]sf] 5 . casf] ;ft 

jif{leq ljdfg:yn lgdf{0f u/L 

;~rfng ul/;Sg'kg{] cfof]hgfsf] 

nIo 5 . 

g]K;]df k'gM lu/fj6, ;a} 

;'rs 36\bf g]K;] k'/} /ftf] 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–g]K;]df 

lu/fj6 cfPsf] 5 . ;ftfsf] 

bf];|f] sf/f]jf/ lbg ;f]daf/ 

b'a} ;'rs 36\bf g]K;] k'/} /ftf] 

ePsf] 5 . g]K;] !) b;dnj 

$^ c+sn] 36]/ !$ ;o 

b;dnj kfFr laGb'df k'Ubf 

;]lG;l6e b'O{ b;dnj !% c+sn] 

36]/ b'O{ ;o (% b;dnj &( 

laGb'df k'u]sf] 5 .Ps ;o %$ 

sDkgLx?sf] tLg xhf/ ;f]daf/ 

;o ($ j6f sf/f]jf/df gf} 

nfv !% xhf/ kfFr ;o 

@# lsQf ;]o/ vl/b laqmL 

ePsf5g . pQm kl/df0fdf 

;]o/ vl/b laqmL x'bf sf/f]jf/ 

/sd #) s/f]8 &* nfv #% 

xhf/ rf/ ;o %$ ?k}ofF k'u]sf] 

5 . g]K;]df ;f]daf/ ;a}u/L !) 

j6f ;d'xsf] sf/f]jf/ ePsf]df 

aLdf ;d'xsf] ;'rsdf ;a}eGbf 

7'nf] lu/fj6 cfPsf] 5 . pQm 

;d'xsf] ;'rs *$ b;dnj 

*! c+sn] 36]/ ;ft xhf/ Ps 

;o 5 b;dnj &% laGb'df 

em/]sf]df rf/ s/f]8 ^^ nfv 

(( xhf/ ;ft ;o ?k}ofFsf] 

;]o/ vl/b laqmL ePsf] 5 . 

afFl0fHo a}+s ;d'xsf] 

;'rs ;ft b;dnj gf} 

c+sn] 36]/ !@ ;o @@ 

b;dnj tLg laGb'df 

em/]sf]df !@ s/f]8 &! nfv 

#* xhf/ ?k}ofFsf] ;]o/ 

vl/b laqmL ePsf] 5 . 

lasf; a}+s ;d'xsf] ;'rs 

las' artn] ul/aLsf] dfkg ug]{ ‘x'lsª x6fpm, dx;'n p7fpm’ cleofg 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–gjnk'/ 

lhNnfsf] u}F8fsf]6 gu/kflnsfl:yt 

las' art tyf C0f ;xsf/L 

;+:yf lnld6]8n] g]kfnd} klxnf] 

k6s ;b:ox¿sf] ax'cfoflds 

ul/aL dfkg ug] { ePsf] 5 . 

ax'cfoflds ljlwdf ;b:ox¿sf] 

:jf:Yo, lzIff / hLjg:t/ u/L tLg 

j6f cfofdsf !) j6f ;"rssf] 

cWoog u/L ul/aLsf] dfkg ul/g] 

;f] ;xsf/Ln] hgfPsf] 5. g]kfndf 

k/Dk/fut ¿kn] ul/Fb} cfPsf] 

ul/aL dfkg ljlweGbf km/s ePsf] 

las' artsf cWoIf s]zjk|;fb 

;fksf]6fn] hfgsf/L lbP . /fli6«o 

of]hgf cfof]un] xfn} tof/ kf/]sf] 

ax'cfoflds ul/aL dfkg ?k/]vfsf] 

5]qleq /xL ;f] ;j] {If0f ul/g] pgn] 

atfP . :jf:Yo;DaGwL b'O{, lzIffsf 

b'O{ / hLjg:t/sf 5 j6f ;"rssf] 

ljZn]if0f u/L cWoogsf] lgisif{ 

/ ;'emfjnfO{ cfˆgf] cfufdL gLlt 

tyf sfo{qmddf ;dflxt ul/g] 

;fksf]6fsf] egfO 5 . …v'zL / ;'vL 

;b:oÚ cleofgnfO{ ;DkGg ug{ o; 

;j] {If0fn] ;xof]u k'Ug] 5 . 

…lbuf] ljsf; nIo, 

@)!^Ú n] kl/nlIft 

u/]sf ul/aL lgjf/0f, ef]sd/L, 

u'0ffTds lzIff, ;'–:jf:Yo 

tyf ;'vL hLjgofkgnufotsf 

p2]ZonfO{ of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] u/L 

;f] sfo{qmd th{'df ul/Psf] ljifo 

lj1 t'n;Lk|;fb kf}8]nn] atfP . 

ul/aL dfkg ;j]{If0fsf nflu 

;+:yfn] cfˆgf] sfo{If]qleqsf 

ljleGg !* j6f ljBfnoaf6 

%) hgf ljBfyL{ ;j]{If0fstf{sf 

¿kdf 5gf]6 u/L cled'vLs/0f 

sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . 

sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf pkfWoIf 

q}nf]Sogfy v/]nn] las'n] cfˆgf] 

;]jf k|jfxnfO{ cem k|efjsf/L 

agfpg ;b:o ;Gt'li6 ;j]{If0f 

ug]{ of]hgf klg cl3 ;f/]sf] 

hfgsf/L lbP . lj;+ @)$* 

ebf} % ut] :yfkgf ePsf] las' 

artsf] xfn $) xhf/ z]o/ 

;b:o, sl/a ? tLg ca{ s"n 

k"FhL tyf !! j6f ;]jfs]Gb|dfkm{t 

gjnk/f;L ab{3f6 ;':tfk"j{ 

If]qdf ljQLo tyf u}/ljQLo ;]jf 

k|bfg ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 eg] xfn} 

;xsf/L ;+:yfdf g]kfnd} klxnf] 

k6s Pl6Pd ;]jf klg ;~rfng 

ul/;s]sf] las'sf k|d'v clws[t 

dfwjk|;fb kf}8]nn] atfP . 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–…x'lsª 

x6fpm dx;'n p7fpmÚ 

cleofg z'? u/]sf] g]kfn 

ljB't\ k|flws/0f nlntk'/n] 

ut ;fpgb]lv oxL df3 

@) ut];Dd #&* 7"nf 

u|fxssf] nfOg sf6]sf] 5 . 

k|flws/0fsf nlntk'/ k|d'v 

hos[i0f ofbjsf cg';f/ 

tL u|fxsn] ? () nfv 

^$ xhf/ a/fa/sf] dx;'n 

ltg{ afFsL 5 . nlttk'/sf 

Ps bh{geGbf a9L :yfgdf 

;+ul7t ?kdf ljB't\ rf]/L 

eO/x]sf] kfPkl5 rf]/L 

lgoGq0f cleofgnfO{ k|d'v 

k|fyldstfsf ;fy cufl8 

a9fPsf] k|flws/0fn] kl5Nnf 

lbgdf nfdf6f/, nfFs'/L 

e~Hofª / Rof;n If]qdf 

x'lsª x6fpg cleofgnfO{ 

tLj| kf/]sf] 5 . k|d'v ofbjsf 

cg';f/ :yfgLo ;'/IffsdL{, 

hgk|ltlglw / gful/s 

;dfhsf cu'jfsf] ;xof]udf 

b}lgs tLg bh{geGbf a9L 

x'lsª x6fpg] / rf]/Lsf 

pks/0f hkmt ug{ yflnPsf] 

5 . k|flws/0fn] x'lsª 

;fdu|L;lxt :yfgLojf;LnfO{ 

kqmfp ub}{ sf/afxLsf] k|lqmof 

z'? u/]sf] 5 . 

Ps ;ftfdf dfq} ? 5 

nfv %) xhf/ a/fa/sf] 

hl/jfgf /sd;d]t p7]sf] 5 . 

rf]/L lgoGq0f cleofgnfO{ 

cfqmfds ?kdf ;~rfng 

ul/Pkl5 Ps} u|fxsn] ? 

Ps nfv %) xhf/;Dd ltg{ 

yfn]sf 5g\ . k|flws/0fn] 

ld6/ gePsf u|fxsnfO{ 

lgj]bg lbPsf] ;ft lbgleq 

ld6/ pknAw u/fpg yfn]sf] 

5 . dxfgu/, gu/kflnsf 

/ ufpFkflnsfsf j8f 

sfof{nodf g} ljB't\ ld6/ 

pknAw u/fpg z'? ul/Psf] 

k|d'v ofbjn] atfP . c6]/ 

ug]{nfO{ eg] sf/afxL ug]{ / 

s'g} klg bafanfO{ :jLsf/ 

gug]{ /0fgLltsf ;fy 

k|flws/0f rf]/L lgoGq0f 

cleofgdf nfu]sf] hgfOPsf] 

5 . k|flws/0fsf cg';f/ 

nlntk'/df dfq} ? %) s/f]8 

a/fa/sf] ljB't\ rf]/L x'g] 

u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . 

klg ;f]daf/ !$ b;dnj 

!( c+sn] 36]/ !% ;o 

&$ b;dnj %$ laGb'df 

k'u]sf]df Ps s/f]8 $@ nfv 

%* xhf/ cf7 ;o ?k}ofFsf] 

;]o/ vl/b laqmL ePsf] 5 . 

o;}u/L hnlaB't ;d'xsf] 

;'rs #) b;dnj b'O{ c+sn] 

36]/ !& ;o *& b;dnj 

$* laGb'df em/]sf]df kfFr 

s/f]8 %^ nfv &$ xhf/ 

Ps ;o ?k}ofFsf] ;]o/ vl/b 

laqmL ePsf] 5 . kmfO{gfG;, 

6«]l8ª, xf]6n, pTkfbgd'ns, 

cGo / n3'laQ ;d'xsf] 

sf/f]jf/ ;'rs klg ;f]daf/ 

pRr c+sn] 36]sf 5g . 

;f]daf/ a9L sdfpg] 

sDkgLsf] ;'rLdf k/]sf] 

gofF g]kfn n3'laQ lasf; 

a}ssf] ;]o/ d'No tLg 

?k}ofF $! k};fn] a9]/ @# 

;o (( ?k}ofFdf k|ltlsQf 

;]o/ sf/f]jf/ ePsf] 5 eg] 

u'dfpg] sDkgLsf] ;'rLdf 

k/]sf] u'x]Zj/L dr]{G6 a}}lsª 

P08 kmfO{gfG; sDkgLsf] 

k|ltlsQf ;]o/ d'No kfFr 

?k}ofF &^ k};fn] 36]/ Ps ;o 

$& ?k}ofFdf sf/f]jf/ ePsf] 

5 . /sd sf/f]jf/sf cfwf/df 

cu|:yfgdf k/]sf] ;flgdfdfO{ 

xfO{8«f] kfj/ sDkgLsf] 

k|ltlsQf tLg ;o (( ?k}ofFdf 

tLg s/f]8 #( nfv @* xhf/ 

b'O{ ;o %% ?k}ofFsf] ;]o/ 

sf/f]jf/ ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L 

glan a}+ssf] klg ;f]daf/ Ps 

xhf/ && ?k}ofF clGtd d'Nodf 

Ps s/f]8 #! nfv @! xhf/ 

cf7 ;o tLg ?k}ofFsf] ;]o/ 

sf/f]jf/ ePsf] 5 . 

g]kfn /fi6« a}ª\s 

s]lGb|o sfof{no, lab]zL lalgdo Joj:yfkg laefu 

g]kfn /fi6« a}ª\sn] tf]s]sf] lalgdo b/ 

@)&$ df3 @# ut]sf] -km]a|'c/L ^, @)!*_ d+unaf/sf] lalgdob/ 

d'b|f PsfO vl/bb/ lalqmb/ 

ef/tLo ?lkofF !)) sf] !^).)) !^).!% 

v'nf ahf/ lalgdob/ -g]kfn /fi6« a}ª\ssf] k|of]hgsf nflu_ 

b]z÷d'b|f PsfO vl/b laqmL 

cd]l/sL 8n/ 

! sf] ?=!)@.@) ?=!)@.*) 

o'/f] 

! sf] ?= !@&.#% ?=!@*.!) 

kfpG8 :6«lnË 

! sf] ?=!$$.## ?=!$%.!& 

l:j; k|mØf+s 

! sf] ?=!)(.&$ ?=!!).#* 

c:6«]lnog 8n/ ! sf] ?=*!.)# ?=*!.%) 

Sofg]l8og 8n/ ! sf] ?=*@.@^ ?=*@.&% 

l;+ufk'/ 8n/ 

! sf] ?=&&.$% ?=&&.(! 

hfkfgL o]g 

!) sf] ?=(.@* ?=(.#$ 

lrlgof“ o'cfg 

! sf] ?= !^.@@ ?=!^.#! 

;fpbL c/a l/ofn ! sf] ?= @&.@% ?=@&.$! 

stf/L l/ofn 

! sf] ?=@*.)& ?=@*.@# 

yfO ef6 

! sf] ?=#.@% ?=#.@& 

;+o'Qm c/a Old/]6\; lb/fd ! sf] ?=@&.*@ ?=@&.(( 

dn]l;og l/+lu6 ! sf] ?=@^.@( ?=@^.$% 

blIf0f sf]l/og jg !)) sf] ?=(.#* ?=(.$# 

l:jl8; qmf]g/ 

! sf] ?=!@.(# ?=!#.)! 

8]lg; qmf]g/ 

! sf] ?=!&.!! ?=!&.@! 

xªsª 8n/ 

! sf] ?=!#.)& ?=!#.!$ 

s'a]tL lbgf/ 

! sf] ?= #$!.)% ?=#$#.)% 

ax/fOg lbgf/ 

! sf] ?= @&!.)! ?=@&@.^) 

gf]6 

● of] ljlgdo b/nfO a}+sn] cfjZostfcg';f/ h'g;'s} ;dodf klg ;+zf]wg ug ;Sg]5. 

● jfl0fHo a}+sx¿n] tf]Sg] ljlgdo b/ eg] km/s x'g ;Sg]5 . 

● cBfjlws ljlgdo b/ a}+ssf] j]a;fO6 www.nrb.org.np df pknAw x'g]5 .

@)&$ df3 @# ut], d+unaf/ 


cfOPdO c6f]df]l6E;4f/f lah]tfnfO{ :s'6/ x:tfGt/0f 

afun'ª -h;_–cfO Pd 

O c6f]df]l6E; n] !# cf} + /]8 

a'n 9f]/kf6g o' Pd jf]d]G; 

elnan 8an lnu RoflDkog 

lzk k|ltof]lutfsf lah]tfnfO{ % 

j6f o' Pd kfj/DofS; :s'6/sf] 

;fFrf] x:tfGt/0f u/]sf] 5 . pQm 

6'gf{d]G6sf a]:6 Kn]o/, /fOlhË 

Kn]o/, Kn]o/ ckm b o]c/ / 

Kn]o/ ckm b l;l/hsf;fy} Ps 

nls bz{snfO{ o' Pd kfj/DofS; 

:s'6/ k|bfg ul/Psf] xf] . lahoL 

l6d cfd{ \8 k'ln; kmf];{ -P kL Pkm_ 

n] !# cf} + /]8 a'n 9f]/kf6g o' Pd 

jf]d] +; 8an lnu elnan 6'gf{d]G6 

6fO6n lzjd Go' 8fOd08 Ps]8]dL 

l;l6hG; a}+ssf] zfvf/lxt a}+ls· ;]jf /f}tx6sf] lahok'/df 

skf]{/]6 

cfOPdO{ hg/n OG:of]/]G; lnld6]8sf] 

yk # zfvf tyf pkzfvf ;+rfngdf 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–cfOPdO{ hg/n 

OG:of]/]G; lnld6]8n] yk b"O{ zfvf 

sfof{ox? emfkfsf] bds, ;'g;/Lsf] O6x/L 

/ Ps pkzfvf df]/Ësf] lj/f6rf]sdf 

;+rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . pQm zfvfx?sf] 

pb\3f6g sDkgLsf ;+rfns4o of]u]Zj/ 

zdf{ 9sfn / k|tfkh+u kf08]n] ;+o'Qm 

?kdf u/] . zfvf pb\3f6g ;df/f]xdf 

:yflgo pBf]uL, Jofkf/Lx?nufot ljleGg 

a}+s, ljQLo ;+:yf tyf aLdf sDkgLsf 

k|d'v tyf k|ltlgwLx?, :yfgLo 

pBf]uL, Jofkf/L, Jofj;foLx?, ;xsf/L 

;+:yfsf k|d'vx? tyf ;j{;fwf/0fx?sf] 

pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . zfvfsf] pb\3f6g 

sfo{qmddf sDkgLsf ;+rfns ;ldltsf 

;b:o4o 9sfn / kf08]n] aLdf If]qdf 

cfˆgf] klxrfg :yflkt ub}{ b]ze/L g} 

zfvf ;~hfn lj:tf/ u/L u|fxsnfO{ 

;/n, l56f] tyf ljZj;lgo ;]jf k|bfg 

ug]{ hfgsf/L lbP . 

sDkgLsf] cfh pb\3f6g ePsf] 

zfvf ;lxt @^ j6f zfvf, # j6f 

pkzfvf sfof{no tyf !) j6f ;]jf 

sfp06/x? / k|wfg sfof{no ;lxt $) 

:yfgaf6 ;]jfu|fxLx?nfO{ pRr sf]6Lsf] 

;]jf k|bfg ug]{] hfgsf/L u/fp+b} lgs6 

eljiodfg} yk !$ zfvf tyf pkzfvf 

sfof{nox? vf]n]/ %$ :yfgaf6 ;]jf 

k|bfg ub}{ cfkmgf] zfvf ;~hfnnfO{ 

b]zsf] ljleGg efudf lj:tf/ ub}{ r':t 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–l;l6hG; 

a}+s OG6/g];gn lnld6]8n] 

/f}tx6 lhNnfsf]] kmt'jf 

lahok'/ gu/kflnsfdf 

zfvf/lxt a}+lsË ;]jf 

;~rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . df3 !% 

ut]af6 ;~rfngdf NofOPsf] 

pQm zfvf/lxt a}+lsË ;]jfsf] 

pb\3f6g ;DjlGwt zfvf k|d'v 

/lj yfkfn] u/] . a}+sn] pQm 

:yfgdf ;]jf ;+rfngsf nflu 

:yfgLo Joj;foL ;'/]z k|;fb 

ofbjnfO{ Joj;flos k|ltlglw 

lgo'Qm ul/Psf] 5 . o; zfvf 

/lxt a}+lsËaf6 lgIf]k ;+sng, 

/sd e'QmfgL, sf]if :yfgfGt/0f, 

df]afOn kmf]gsf] lan e'QmfgL, 

pkof]uL ;]jfx?sf] /sd 

e'QmfgL, nufot a}+sn] k|bfg 

-Pg 8L P _ nfO{ @)&$, df3 @) 

ut] ePsf] kmfOgn lnu Dofrdf 

k/flht ul/ xfl;n u/]sf] 5 . 

cfOPdO{ / o' PdaLr 

ePsf] ] k|ltli7t ;fem]bf/Ln] b]zdf 

ljZj:t/Lo afOs xfFSg] cg'ej 

a6'Ng rfxg] afOs ;jf/x?sf] 

rfxgf k'/f ug] { Ps cb\e't cj;/ 

lbPsf] 5 . cfOPdO{ c6f]df]l6E;\ 

k|f=ln sf] Wofg lalqm kl5 sf] ;]jf 

df d'Vot\ s]lG›t /x]sf] 5 h; sf/0f 

xfn b]z el/ cfˆg} zfvf sfof{no, 

l8n/ tyf cyf]/}H8 kf6{ \; g]6js{ 

af6 u|fxs nfO{ kf6{ \; / ;lj{; 

;'lawf ;'rf? 5 . g]kfn df xfn} dfq 

lelqPsf o' Pd sf ef/tLo df]8n 

x?n] klg u|fxs x?sf] /fd|f] k|ltlqmof 

kfpg ;kmn ePsf 5g\ . 

ug]{ cGo ;]jfx? pknAw 

u/fpg] nIo /flvPsf] 5 . o; 

;]jfaf6 u|fld0f If]qdf a}+s 

k|lt pNn]lvo ljZjf; P+j 

a}+lsË ;Eotfsf] la:tf/ x'g] 

ck]Iff a}+ssf] 5 . 

kf]v/fdf l;hL / d]h' df]afOnsf] l/6]n e]63f6 

sf:sL-h;_–l;hL df]afOn 

k|fln cGtu{tsf] d]h' / l;hL 

df]afOnsf] l/6]n e]63f6 

sfo{qmd laxLaf/ kf]v/fdf 

;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf 

kf]v/fsf sl/a *) hgf 

Joj;foL ;xefuL ePsf] l;hL 

df]afOnsf dfs]{l\6ª clkm;/ 

lszf]/ Gof}kfg]n] hfgsf/L 

lbP . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|flnsf 

;]jf k|bfg ug]{ hfgsf/L u/fP . 

pQm sfo{qmddf k|d'v 

sfo{sf/L clws[t o'u]zeQm jfb] 

>]i7n] sDkgLn] cfˆgf u|fxsnfO{ 

;xh aLdf ;]jf k|bfg ug{sf] nflu 

;fj{hlgs ljbfsf] lbgdf klg aLdf 

;]jf k|bfg ug]{ u/L k|wfg sfof{nog 

lahg]z x]8 /d]z >]i7n] l;hL 

/ d]h' df]afOn g]kfnL ahf/df 

nf]slk|o /x]sf] atfP . rf}w/L 

u"|ksf] cfˆg} pTkfbg l;hL 

df]afOn / rLgdf pTkflbt d]h' 

df]afOn kf]v/f nufot b]ze/sf] 

ahf/df /fd|f] laqmL eO/x]sf] 

pgn] atfP . d]h' df]afOnnfO{ 

rf}w/L U?kn] ! dlxgf cufl8 

dfq} g]kfn NofPsf] xf] . d]h'sf 

!# xhf/ ?k}ofFb]lv $& xhf/ 

?k}ofF;Ddsf ljleGg df]8]nsf 

df]afOn g]kfnL ahf/df laqmL 

eO/x]sf 5g\ . …o'/f]k nufot 

;+;f/e/ nf]slk|o d]h' df]afOn 

g]kfndf 5f]6f] ;dodf :yflkt 

eO;s]sf] 5,Ú pgn] eg] . 

l;hL / d]h' df]afOnsf] 

u08sL tyf wf}nflu/L If]qsf] 

cflwsfl/s laqm]tf P;cf/8L 

gSzfnaf6 #^% lbg] aLdf ;]jf z'? 

ul/;lsPsf] hfgsf/L lb+b} sDkgLn] 

bf]>f] q}dfl;s;Dd ?=$# sf/f]8 aLdf 

z'Ns cfh{g ug{ ;kmn ePsf] hfgsf/L 

lbP . ;f]xL sfo{qmddf ljleGg ;+3, 

;+:yf, :yfgLo pBf]uL, Jofkf/L tyf 

Jofj;foLx?n] sDkgLn] :yfgLo :t/df 

l;4fy{ a}+ssf] a]gL zfvf z'ef/De 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–l;¢fy{ a}+sn] cfOtaf/af6 a]gL ahf/df cfˆgf] 

zfvf sfo{no ;~rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . cfOtaf/ a]gLdf ePsf] Ps 

ljz]if ;df/f]xsf aLr a}+sn] zfvf sfof{nosf] cf}krfl/s pb\3f6g 

u/]sf] xf] . zfvfsf] pb\3f6g a]gL gu/kflnsfsf d]o/ xl/ s'df/ >]i7 

tyf DofUbL pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf pQd s'df/ sdf{rfo{n] 

;+o'Qm ?kdf u/]sf 5g\ . o; zfvfaf6 a}+ssf cGo zfvfx?af6 

h:t} ;j{;fwf/0f tyf pBdLn] ;a} k|sf/sf lgIf]k tyf shf{ sf/f]jf/ 

;'ljwf, /sd e'QmfgL nufot ;Dk"0f{ a}+lsË ;]jf k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] a}+sn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . ;fy} zfvfaf6 :yfgLo :t/df a}lsË kx'Fr a9\g uO{ 

:yfgLo art kl/rfng, pBdlzntfsf] j[l¢ h:tf cfly{s ultljlw 

a9\g] / :yfgLo Jofkf/L tyf ;j{;fwf/0fx? ;]jfaf6 nfeflGjt x'g] 

ljZjf; a}+ssf] 5 . 

xfn} a}+sn] b]ze/ (@ j6f zfvf, # PS:6]G;g\ sfpG6/, (( 

zfvf/lxt a}+lsË ;]jf, !)% ATM, / ^%) eGbf a9L POs\ d]l;g 

dfkm{t\ pRr:tl/o a}lsË ;]jf k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ 

@)&$÷)&% sf] kf}if d;fGt;Dd a}+sn] s'n lgIf]k ?= *% ca{ 

%& s/f]8 / shf{ nufgL ?= &^ ca{ (% s/f]8 u/]sf] 5 eg] kf}if 

d;fGt;Dd v'b d'gfkmf && s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . 

6«]8;{ xf] . o; If]qdf l;hL 

/ d]h' df]afOnsf] laqmL 

lbgk|ltlbg al9/x]sf] 6«]8;{sf 

;~rfns /d]z uf}tdn] atfP . 

o;}aLr, l;hL df]afOn k|flnn] 

;f]xL cj;/df d]h'sf] Pd kmfOe 

;L df]afOn ;fa{hlgs u/]sf] 

5 . #))) PdPPr Jof6«L, * 

/ % d]uflkS;n Sofd/f, @ 

lhaL ¥ofd, !^ lhaL /f]d, %=% 

OGrsf] l8:Kn] ePsf] of] df]afOn 

w]/}sf] /f]hfO{df kg]{ sDkgLsf] 

ljZjf; 5 . d]h's} Pd kmfOe 

gf]6sf] klg laqmL z'ef/De 

ul/Psf] 5 . %=% OGr l8:Kn]df 

pknAw of] df]afOnn] l;l8PdP 

/ lhP;PdnfO{ ;kf]6{ ug]{ 

;]N; clkm;/ /ljg dfgGw/n] 

hfgsf/L lbP . $))) PdPPr 

Jof6«L, # lh;L ¥ofd, #@ lhaL 

/f]d df]afOnsf] ljz]iftf /x]sf] 

pgn] atfP . d]h'sf df]afOnsf] 

csf]{ ljz]iftf ! jif{sf] OG;'/]G; 

;]jf xf] . 

zfvf ;+~hfn lj:tf/ u/L aLdf ;]jf 

k|bfg ug]{ k|0f u/]sf]df sDkgLsf cWoIf, 

;+rfns ;ldlt nufot Joj:yfkgnfO{ 

wGojfb lb+b} sDkgLsf] pQ/f]Q/ 

k|ultsf] sfdgfsf ;fy sDkgL;+u 

Joj;fo lj:tf/ ug]{ k|ltj4tf JoQm 

u/]sf lyP . 

u'/f“; nfO{km4f/f 

bfjL e'QmfgL 

sf7df8f} +-h;_–u'/fF; nfOkm 

OG:of]/]G;n] hLjg aLdfsf] bfaL 

e'QmfgL u/]sf] 5 . sDkgLdf DofbL 

hLjg aLdf u/fPsf sfe|]knf~rf]ssf] 

vfgLvf]nf ufpFkflnsf j8f g+= ! 

sf ;'dg tfdfË lyËsf] a}b]lzs 

/f]huf/Lsf qmddf lgwg ePsf] lyof] . 

df3 @! ut] Ps sfo{qmd dfkm{t 

?= !#,)),))) aLdf bfjL e"QmfgL 

sDkgLsf ;xfos dxfk|aGws 

afnd's'Gb ?kfv]tLn] tfdfËsf lktf 

;GtjL/ tfdfË / 5f]/f wgaxfb'/ 

lyËnfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/]sf] sDkgLn] 

hf/L u/]sf] lj1lKtdf pNn]v 5 . 

sf=lh=k|=sf=b=g+= @*)÷)^$÷)^% 

d=If]=x'=lg=b=g+= )#÷)&)÷&! 

g]kfnL ahf/df ;fd;ª Uofn]S;L 6\ofa P &=) 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–g]kfnsf] 

;a}eGbf 7"nf] Pj+ ljZjfl;nf] 

On]S6«f]lgS; a|f08 ;fd;ªn] 

6\ofj P g]kfnL ahf/df k|:t't 

u/]sf] 5, h'g dgf]/~hgsf] 

nflu pTs[i6 aGg] 5 . 

Uofn]S;L 6\ofa P k"0f{ ?kdf 

OG6/6]gd]G6 l8efO; 

xf] . kmf]/hLsf] ;fy kl/:s[t 

ul/Psf] pRr:t/Lo l8:Kn] 

tyf pTs[i6 Aofl6«sf] Ifdtfn] 

ubf{ o;n] OG6/6]gd]G6sf] 

nflu ;Dk"0f{ cfjZostf 

k"/f ug]{ 5 . cfsif{s :nLd 

l8hfOg, /fpG8 Ph tyf gg\ 

:nLk Kof6g{n] ubf{ of] k|of]u 

ug{ ;xh 5 . o;nfO{ h:tf] 

;'s} cj:yfdf klg Ps xftdf 

;xh} lng ;lsG5 . Pr l8 

l8:Kn]sf] s/0fn] pTs[i6 

b[Zosf] cg'ej k|fKt x'g] 5 . 

of] cfkm}df Ps kfj/ xfp; 

xf] o;df nfdf] ;do;Dd 

rNg] $))) PdPPr Jof6«L 

/flvPsf] 5, h;n] lel8of] 

Kn] Jofs k|of]u ubf{ klg ( 

306;Dd lg/Gt/ rnfpg 

;lsG5 . 

;fd;ª g]kfnsf k|d'v 

>Lk|0fo /Tg :yflktn] …xfdLn] 

pkef]Qmfåf/f k|fKt ePsf] sof}+ 

lkm8Aofsx?nfO{ Wofgk"j{s 

dgg u/L pkef]Qmfx?sf 

rfxgf Pj+ cfjZostfnfO{ 

k"/f ug]{ vfnsf] pks/0f 

tof/ ug{df s]lG›+t /x]sf 5f}+ . 

Uofn]S;L 6\ofj P df ;'wfl/Psf] 

zfgbf/ l8:Kn], kfj/km'n 

k/kmd]{G; tyf dN6Lldl8of 

PS:kLl/oG;sf] /fd|f] ;ld>0f 

/x]sf] 5 . of] Sjflnl6 

OG6/6]gd]G6 PS;lkl/oG; 

vf]Hg] u|fxsx?sf nflu pTs[i6 

5 .Ú 

of] 6\ofadf …ls8\; df]8Ú 

sf] ;'ljwf pknAw /x]sf] 5, 

of] Pp6f o:tf] l8lh6n Kn] 

u|fpG6 xf] h'g k"0f{ ?kdf 

;'/lIft 5 / ls8\; df]8df 

cljefjs tyf aRrfx?sf] 

nflu Ps nfOa|]/L /x]sf] 5, 

h'g Ph's]zgn] u]dx?åf/f 

;';lHh\t 5 . of] kmf]gnfO{ s'g} 

lglZrt ;do ;Ddsf] nflu 

jf s'g} ofknfO{ lgolGqt ug{ 

;lsG5 . o;/L cleefjsn] 

cfˆgf afnaRrfx?nfO{ 

vf; ljifodf s]lG›t /fVg 

;Sg'x'G5 . ;fy} Pkdf ljtfpg] 

;dosf] lgwf{/0f klg ;xh} 

ug{ ;lsG5 . !=% luufxh{ 

sf] Sjf8 sf]/ k|f];];/, !=% 

lhlasf] ¥ofd tyf * lhlasf] 

OG6/gn d]df]l/ - dfOqmf] P; 

l8 sf8{sf] k|of]u u/L @)) 

lhla ;Dd a9fpg ;lsg]_ % 

d]uf lkS;nsf] P Pkm l/o/ 

Sofd/f h;n] ;kmf Pj+ :k6{ 

kmf]6f] lvRg ;lsG5 . ;fy} 

o;df @ d]uf lkS;nsf] k|mG6 

Sofd/f /x]sf] 5 . Uofn]S;L 

6\ofa P g]kfnL ahf/df ?= 

!%()) df pknAw /x]sf] 

5 . o;sf b'O{ cfsif{s /+ux? 

XjfO6 tyf tyf ANofs 

/x]sf 5g\ . Uofn]S;L 6\ofa P 

g]kfn clw/fHoe/ ;fd;ªsf 

cflwsfl/s a|f08 :6f]/x?df 

ldlt olx df3 @# ut] b]lv 

pknAw /x]sf] 5 . 

:df6{ ljBfyL{sf nflu jN8{ln+s 

‘xfd|f] :s'n’ O{–nlg{ª ;]jf 

sf7df8f}+–g]kfnL z}lIfs 

If]qdf /x]sf] k7gkf7g k|0ffnLdf 

gf}nf] cfofd yKb} jN8{ln+sn] 

ljZjsf k|ltli7t /fi6«df h:t} 

O{G6/g]6sf] dfWodaf6 3/d} 

al;–al; ljleGg txsf] sf];{x? 

cWoog ug{ ;lsg] …jN8{ln+s xfd|f] 

:s'nÚ O{–nlg{ª ;]jf ;~rfngdf 

NofPsf] 5 . ;do;fk]If ?kdf 

cfw'lgs ;dodf z}lIfs If]qdf 

kl/dfh{g ug] { p2]Zosf ;fy 

jN8{ln+sn] of] ;]jf ldbf; O{–Snf; 

;Fusf] ;xsfo{df ;~rfngdf 

NofPsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . jN8{ln+sn] 

OG6/g]6 ;le{; k|f]efO8/sf] If]qdf 

klxnf]k6s ;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{x?sf] 

cWoognfO{ dWogh/ u/L of] 

;]jf NofOPsf] 5 . of] ;]jf k|of]u 

ug{sf nflu u|fxsx?n] jN8l{ \n+sdf 

btf{ u/L Ps dlxgf lgz'Ns ;]jf 

k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] sDkgLn] hgfPsf] 

5 . of] ;]jf k/Dk/fut ?kdf x' Fb} 

cfPsf] k7gkf7g k|0ffnLdf ;'wf/ 

u/L ljBfyL{x?nfO{ cfw'lgstflt/ 

cu|;/ ug] { p2]Zo;fy ;~rfngdf 

NofPsf] sDkgLsf] egfO{ 5 . 

of] ;]jfdf ljBfyL{x?n] 

h'g;'s} ;dodf 3/}df al;–al; 

lel8of] / cl8of]sf] dfWodaf6 

/dfOnf] ub}{ k9fO{df Wofg 

s]lG›t ug{ ;S5g\ . of] ;]jfdf 

ljBfno :t/sf ljBfyL{x?sf] 

OG6/g]6 k|ltsf] a9\bf] 

cfsif{0f ;Fu} pHjn eljiosf 

nflu OG6/g]6sf] dfWodaf6 

k7gkf7g ug{ ;lsg] x'Fbf 

pgLx?sf] ;do / z}lIfs 

u'0f:t/ clej[l2 x'Fb} /fi6«sf] 

z}lIfs :t/ clej[l2 x'g] ck]Iff 

sDkgLn] lnPsf] 5 . 

efu{j ljsf; a}+ssf] v'b gfkmf #@ k|ltztn] 36\of] 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–efu{j 

ljsf; a}+sn] rfn" cfly{s jif{sf] 

k'; d;fGt;Ddsf] ljQLo ljj/0f 

;fj{hflgs u/]sf] 5 . ut jif{sf] 

k'; d;fGt;Dd ! s/f]8 *) 

nfv ?k}ofF gfkmf sdfPsf] a}+sn] 

of] cjlwdf ! s/f]8 @@ nfv 

;Lldt u/]sf] 5 . a}+ssf] d'gfkmf 

utjif{sf] t'ngfdf #! bzdnj 

*& k|ltztn] sdL xf] . ;ldIff 

cjlwdf a}+sn] @ ca{ %& s/f]8 

() nfv ?k}ofF lgIf]k ;+sng 

ul/ ! ca{ (# s/f]8 && nfv 

?k}ofF shf{ kl/rfng u/]sf] 5 . 

shf{ nufgL lj:tf/kl5 

a}+ssf] Aofh cfDbfgL a9]klg 

vr{ ;d]t ;f]xL cg'kftdf 

a9\bf a}+ssf] ;du| 

d'gfkmf a9\g g;s]sf] xf] . 

o;cjlwdf a}+sn] @# nfv 

?k}ofF v'b Jofh cfDbfgL 

u/]sf] 5 . To:t} of] cjlwdf 

a}+ssf] ;~rfng vr{ klg 

36]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ;ldIff 

cjlwdf a}+sn] Ps s/f]8 (@ 

nfv ?k}ofF ;~rfng cfDbfgL 

u/]sf] 5 . @^ s/f]8 $) 

nfv ?k}ofF r'Qmf k"FhL /x]sf] 

a}+ssf] k|ltz]o/ cfDbfgL ( 

?k}ofF @( k};f /x]sf] 5 . 

;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/Lsf] nflu xfdL sxfF l;wf} 

;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf, xfdL tkfO{sf] Ifdtf 

cg';f/sf] /f]huf/Ldf k7fpg] 5f}+ . 

Kof/f8fO{h OG6/g]zgn k|f=ln= 

av'N8f]n, nlntk'/, kmf]g M %%#$)$@, %%@@)^#, %%##$#% 

E-mail : pparadise@wilnk.com.np, 

Website : www.paradisemanpower.com 

;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ ?kdf j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf 

hfg' k/]df xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];\ xfdL tkfO{sf] 

;Lk / Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df ljb]z k7fpFb5f} . 

cn ;]So'/ d]gkfj/ l/qm'6d]G6 k|f=ln= 

l;gfd+un, sf7df8f}+ 

kmf]g g+= M $$*(&)), $$()*)), $$(@()) 

www.smrnepal.com 

hg;jfn klAns]zg k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt, sfof{noM b/af/dfu{, sf7df8f}+, kmf]g÷k\mofS;M $@#!*^*, $@^%^(&, d'b|sM PS;k|]; sn/ k|]; k|f=ln=, E-mail: janasawalnews@gmail.com, lgb]{zsM s]kL 9sfn, cWoIf÷;DkfbsM /fdhL aufn]

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