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;dembf/Lkqdf 

x:tfIf/ 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–g]kfn 

r]Da/ ckm sd;{ / leotgfd 

r]Da/ ckm sd;{ P08 OG8i6«LaLr 

b'O{ kIfLo ;dembf/Lkqdf 

d+unaf/ x:tfIf/ ePsf] 5 . 

;dembf/Lkqdf r]Da/sf]tkm{af6 

cWoIf /fh]zsfhL >]i7 / 

leotgfd r]Da/sf]tkm{af6 

cWoIf 8f e" l6Og nsn] 

x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5g\ . r]Da/sf 

cg';f/ a'waf/b]lv cfufdL 

j}zfv ! ut];Dd x'g] rf/lbg] 

@*cf} leotgfd OG6/g]zgn 

6«]8 km]o/df r]Da/sf] pRRf:t/Lo 

k|ltlglwd08n ;xefuL x'g]5 . 

;f] km]o/df r]Da/sf cWoIf 

/fh]zsfhL >]i7sf] g]t[Tjdf !% 

;b:oLo Ps k|ltlglwd08n 

To;tkm{ hfg] sfo{qmd /x]sf] 

5 . g]kfn / leotgfd b'O{ 

b]zaLrsf] cfly{s tyf Jofkfl/s 

clej[l4sf nflu ;"rgfsf] 

cfbfgk|bfg ug{], b'O{ b]zsf 

k|ltlglwd08naLr cg'ej 

cfbfgk|bfgsf nflu e|d0f 

ug{]nufotsf a'Fbf ;d]l6Psf] 

r]Da/n] hgfPsf] 5 . 

sd{rf/L=== 

k|d'vnfO{ sf/jfxL ul/g] r]tfjgL lbP . 

sd{rf/LnfO{ ;/sf/n] v6fPsf 7fpFdf hfg af/Daf/ 

cfXjfg ul/Psf] atfpFb} guPdf To:tf sd{rf/LnfO{ 

labf lbOg] :ki6 u/] . csf] k|;ª\udf pgn] cfkm"n] 

rfx]sf] ;lrj cfk\mg} dGqfnodf x'g'k5{ eGg] ;f]r 

/fVg gx'g] atfpFb} ;a} ;lrjx¿n] cfcfkmgf] lhDd]jf/L 

lnO;s]sf] k|i6 kf/] . 

o'PO{df=== 

g]kfnLn] OR5f ePdf ;xof]u ug{ klg ;Sg] Aoj:yf 

ldnfPsf 5f}+ .Ú 36gfkl5 6f]kaxfb'/nfO{ ^ dlxgf h]n 

/flvPsf] lyof]. sDkgL jGb ePkl5 pgL sfdljxLg eP/ 

j;]sf 5g\. cbfntn] tf]s]sf] /sd g'aemfP;Dd pgL 

:jb]z lkmg{ gkfPsf x'g\ . 

ef/t=== 

;d]t g]kfndf nufgLsf nflu OR5's /x]sf] 

kfOPsf] atfP . cWoIf e§n] g]kfn ef/taLrsf] cfly{s 

tyf Joj;flos ;DaGwnfO{ gofF lz/faf6 cufl8 

a9fpg ef/t ;sf/fTds b]lvPsf] atfpFb} e|d0f b'a} 

d'n'ssf] lghL If]q aLrsf] ;DaGw ;'dw'/ agfpg / 

cfk;L ;xsfo{df ljZjf; lbnfpg] lx;fan] kmnbfoL 

ePsf] atfP . e|d0fdf jt{dfg kl/l:yltdf If]qLo tyf 

cGt/fl{\i6«o:t/df b]vf k/]sf kl/jt{gx¿nfO{ cfTd;ft 

ub}{ To;af6 nfe p7fpg l5d]sL tyf ljZj cy{tGqdf 

zlQmzfnL /fi6«sf] ?kdf :yflkt ef/taf6 g]kfndf 

kof{Kt nufgL tyf k|ljlwsf] ck]Iff g]kfnL lghL If]qn] 

u/]sf] / ef/tn] ;d]t g]kfndf /fd|f] cj;/ k|fKt ug]{ 

ljifodf 5nkmn ePsf] cWoIf e§n] atfP . 

d]NdrLsf]=== 

cem} 5 dlxgfhlt nfUg] ePsf] 5 . afFwsf] d'Vo 

;+/rgf, ;'?ªsf] k"0f{ dd{t ug]{ sfd afFsL /x]sfn] tL sfo{ 

;DkGg u/]/ sf7df8f} Fjf;LnfO{ kfgL pknAw u/fOg]5 . 

vfg]kfgL dGqL du/n] ut kmfu'gsf] clGtd ;ftf 

;'?ª lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ cfof]hgfsf clwsf/LnfO{ 

lgb] {zg lbPsL lyOg . dGqL du/n] lbPsf] ;do;LdfeGbf 

rf/ lbg klxNo} ;'?ª lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf] xf] . klxnf] 

r/0fdf sf7df8f} F pkTosfdf d]nDrL vf]nfsf] !& s/f]8 

ln6/ kfgL cfoft ul/g]5 . bf];|f] r/0fdf ofª\u|L / nfs] 

vf]nfsf] ;d]t u/L %! s/f]8 ln6/ kfgL NofOg]5 . lj;+ 

@)%% df d]nDrL vfg]kfgL ljsf; ;ldlt :yfkgf 

ePkZrft\ cfof]hgfsf] lj:t[t cWoog, tof/L r/0fsf sfo{ 

cufl8 a9fOPsf] lyof] . To;df hUuf clwu|x0f, ;xfos 

k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f / cfof]hgfsf] d'Vo ;+/rgf lgdf{0f z'? 

ul/Psf] lyof] . 

tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{n] klxnf] k6s 

;f] cfof]hgfsf] rrf{ ub} { lgdf{0f z'? ug] { 3f]if0ff u/]sf lyP . 

cfof]hgfsf k|d'v /fdrGb| b]jsf]6fsf cg';f/ d]nDrL gbLsf 

afFw lgdf{0fb]lv ;'Gb/Lhn;Dd s"n @& bzdnj % lsdL k"0f{ 

Ifdtfsf] ;'?ª lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . d'Vo ;'?ª l;Gw', UofNy'd / 

cfDafyfg ;'?ª ;lsPsf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf] s"n nfut ? @& ca{ 

&^ s/f]8 5 . s"n nfutdWo] *) k|ltzt Pl;ofnL ljsf; a} +s 

/ @) k|ltzt g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ] 5 . 

;dfrf/ 

k|]; o'lgogåf/f nf]stflGqs ljlw / k|lqmofdf hf]8 

kf]v/f -h;_– g]kfn k|]; o'lgog 

k|b]z g+ $ sf] sf:sLl:yt n'Dn]df ;DkGg 

e]nfn] cf;Gg g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] k|b]z 

clwj]zgdf nf]stflGqs ljlw / k|lqmofaf6 

g]t[Tj rog ug]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 . 

kqsf/ dxf;+3 cfd kqsf/sf] ;femf ;+:yf 

ePsfn] kqsfl/tf If]q ;Da4 ljleGg k]zfut 

;+u7g;Fu cfjZos 5nkmn u/L ;j{;Ddt 

g]t[Tjsf] k|of; ug]{ lg0f{o ub}{ e]nfn] To;f] 

x'g g;s]df nf]stflGqs ljlw / k|lqmofnfO{ 

cjnDag ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . e]nfn] cGo 

k]zfut ;+u7g;Fu 5nkmn ug{sf nflu g]kfn 

k|]; o'lgogsf klZrdf~rn ;+of]hs k|bLk 

sfk\mn]sf] ;+of]hsTjdf 6+s/fh clwsf/L, 

1fg]Gb| uf}td, lbnLk kf}8]n / ClifsfGt 

kf}8]n /xg'ePsf] kfFr ;b:oLo ;ldlt u7g 

hgsk'/wfd-h;_–k|b]z g+ @ 

sf] k|b]z;ef a}7sdf ;b:ox?n] … 

k|b]z g+ @ sf d'Vo GofoflwjQmfsf] 

sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tyf ;]jf 

zt{;DaGwL sfg"gL Joj:yf ug{ 

ag]sf] ljw]os, @)&$Ú kl/dfh{gsf] 

cfjZostf cf} FNofPsf 5g\ . 

d+unaf/ a;]sf] k|b]z;ef a}7sdf 

d'VodGqL nfnafa' /fptn] k|:t't 

ug' {ePsf] ;f] ljw]osdflysf] 

5nkmndf efu lnFb} k|b]z;ef 

;b:o afa'nfn ;fx, dlgif 

s'df/ ;'dg, /fdrGb| d08n 

/ uf]ljGbaxfb'/ Gof}kfg]n] s/f/ 

;]jf, of]Uotf, d'VoGofoflwjQmfnfO{ 

;hfo, em'7f d'2faf/] :ki6 

Joj:yf x'g'kg] { wf/0ff /fVb} d'Vo 

u/]sf] 5 . 

g]kfn k|]; o'lgogsf s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf 

/d]z kf}8]nn] ;+u7gnfO{ Jojl:yt Pj+ 

lqmofzLn agfpg cfjZos ePsf] atfP . 

cf;Gg kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] k|b]z clwj]zgdf 

of]Uo / bIf g]t[Tj rog ug'{kg]{ pgsf] 

wf/0ff lyof] . o'lgogsf s]Gb|Lo ;lrj s]jL 

/fgfn] k]zfut ¿kdf lqmofzLn kqsf/ 

dxf;+3sf] ;b:otfaf6 jl~rt aGg] cj:yf 

x'g gx'g] atfpFb} k]zfut dof{bfsf nflu 

;b:otf z'4Ls/0f cfjZos x'g]df hf]8 

lbP . o'lgogsf klZrdf~rn ;+of]hs 

k|bLk sfk\mn]n] ljutaf6 kf7 l;Sb} cfufdL 

lbgdf ;+u7gnfO{ r':t b'?:t Pj+ lqmofzLn 

agfpg'kg]{ atfP . g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf 

k"j{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o /jLGb| af:tf]nfn] k|]; 

ljw]os kl/dfh{gsf] dfu 

a'6jn-h;_–k|b]z g+ % sf] ;/sf/n] 

k|b]zsf ;Dk"0f{ cj:yf lrq0f x'g] u/L …l:ylt 

kqÚ ;fj{hlgs ug] { ePsf] 5 . k|b]zsf ;Dk"0f{ 

cj:yfsf] lrq0f u/L tof/ ul/Psf] l:ylt kq 

ca a:g] k|b]z;ef a}7sdfkm{t ;fj{hlgs 

ug] { ;/sf/n] lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . dlGqkl/ifb\sf] 

sfof{nodf d+unaf/ a;]sf]dlGqkl/ifb\sf]a}7sn] 

k|b]zsf] l:ylt kq :jLs[t u/L k|b]z;efdf k]z 

ug{ :jLs[lt ;d]t lbPsf] ;/sf/sf k|jQmf 

tyf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ljsf;dGqL a}hgfy 

rf}w/Ln] hfgsf/L lbP . pQm l:ylt kq r}t @ 

( ut] a:g] k|b]z;ef a}7sdf d'VodGqL z+s/ 

kf]v/]nn] k|:t't ug] { sfo{qmd 5 . 

dfgj ljsf; ;"rsf+s, lzIff, :jf:Yo, 

;8s, l;FrfO, /f]huf/L, cfonufosf ljifo 

;d]6L tof/ ul/Psf] l:ylt kq k|b]z;efnfO{ 

hfgsf/Lsf nflu dfq a}7sdf k]z ul/g] t/, 

kfl/t ug{ 'kg] { afWotf g/x]sf] dGqL rf}w/Ln] 

GofoflwjQmfnfO{ ;dfGt/ ;+u7g 

agfpg] lsl;dn] clwsf/ lbg 

gx'g] atfP . 

5nkmnsf qmddf p7]sf 

k|Zgsf] hjfkm lbFb} d'VodGqL 

/fptn] ljw]ossf] eflifs q'l6 

;'wf/ ul/g] 5 eg] . pgn] 

ljw]os dxfGofoflwjQmf sfof{non] 

k7fPsfn] :jtGq ¿kn] tTsfn 

o;df gofF k|fjwfg /fVg ;d:of 

ePsf] rrf{ ub} { sfof{Gjogdf 

hl6ntf cfPdf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg] 

5 eg] . k|b]z;efsf] csf] { a}7s 

a'waf/ laxfg !! ah] a:g]5 . 

ef}lts k"jf{wf/dGqLnfO{ 

ljz]if ;'/Iff 

k|b]z g+ @ sf cfGtl/s 

lrlgofF 7]s]bf/ rfOgf /]Nj]n] cfjZos sfd gubf{ 

7]Ssf tf]8]/ ;g\ @)!) df O6flnog sDkgLnfO{ 7]Ssf 

lbOPsf] lyof] . e"sDk / c3f]lift gfsfaGbLsf sf/0f 

cfof]hgfsf] ;'?ª lgdf{0f sfo{ Ps jif{ l9nf ePsf] cfof]hgf 

k|d'v b]jsf]6fsf] egfO 5 . ut d+l;/df g} UofNy'd–cDafyfg 

v08sf] cf7 bzdnj b'O{ lsdL nfdf] ;'?ª lgdf{0f ;DkGg 

ePsf] lyof] . sdhf]/ r§fg tyf ef}uf]lns hl6ntfsf 

sf/0f kl5Nnf] ;dodf ;'?ª lgdf{0f sfo{df hl6ntf pTkGg 

ePsf] lyof] . xfn;Dd cfof]hgfsf] s"n ef}lts k|ult *$ 

k|ltzt / ljQLo k|ult *) k|ltzt 5 . 

kfgL k|zf]wg s]Gb| lgdf{0f ;DkGg 

d]nDrL cfof]hgfaf6 ;'Gb/Lhndf cfOk'Ug] kfgL 

k|zf]wgsf nflu cf7 bzdnj kfFr s/f]8 ln6/ Ifdtfsf] 

k|zf]wg s]Gb| lgdf{0f ;DkGg eO;s]sf] 5 . o:t} bf];|f] 

k|zf]wg s]Gb|sf] lgdf{0f sfo{ hf/L 5 . cfufdL d+l;/;Dd 

;f] k|zf]wg s]Gb| lgdf{0f ;DkGg ug] { cfof]hgfsf] tof/L 

5 . cfof]hgfsf k|d'v b]jsf]6fn] kfgL k|zf]wg s]Gb|sf] bf];|f] 

v08;d]t lgdf{0f ;DkGg u/L sf7df8f} Fjf;LnfO{ ;xh?kdf 

vfg]kfgL pknAw u/fOg]5 . 

Ps ;o lsnf]ld6/ kfOk laR5Øfpg afFsL 

cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{zgfnosf cg';f/ s"n Ps 

xhf/ lsdL kfOk nfOgdWo] xfn;Dd ()) lsdL kfOk 

laR5ØfO;lsPsf] 5 . ca !)) lsdL kfOk laR5Øfpg 

afFsL /x]sf] lgb] {zgfnosf k|d'v lt/]z vqLn] hfgsf/L 

lbP . æafFsL /x]sf] v08df ;d]t zL3| kfOk laR5Øfpg] 

sfo{ ;DkGg ul/g]5 . kfOksf] cfjZos k/LIf0f;d]t hf/L 

5 . tLg rf/ jif{ klxn] h8fg ul/Psf kfOk k/LIf0fdf s]xL 

;do yk nfUg ;S5Æ, k|d'v vqLn] eg] . 

nfs]{ / ofªu|Lsf] l8lkcf/sf] sfd hf/L 

nfs] { / ofªu|Lsf] kfgL Nofpgsf nflu lj:t[t 

kl/of]hgf k|ltj]bg-l8lkcf/_ tof/Lsf] sfd hf/L /x]sf] 5 . 

cfufdL tLg dlxgfleq l8lkcf/sf] sfd ;s]/ cfof]hgfsf] 

9fFrf to ul/g] vfg]kfgL ;lrj s[i0f/fh la;Ln] hfgsf/L 

lbP . rfn' cfjsf] cGto;Dd ;a} k|fljlws tof/L k"/f u/]/ 

d]nDrLsf] bf];|f] v08 z'? ul/g] pgsf] egfO 5 . bf];|f] 

v08df s"n !! lsdL ;'?ª lgdf{0f ug' {kg] {5 . 

sf7df8f}Fjf;LnfO{ b}lgs rf/ 306f kfgL 

cfof]hgf ;DkGg ePkl5 sf7df8f} Fjf;LnfO{ b}lgs 

kfgL pknAw u/fpg] tof/L ul/Psf] 5 . kfgL ljt/0fsf 

nflu d' 'Vo, ;xfos / ljt/0f kfOk laR5Øfpg] sfo{ 

eO/x]sf] cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb] {zgfnosf k|d'v vqLn] 

hfgsf/L lbP . nfdf] ;dob]lvsf] ;kgf k"/f x'g nfu]sf] 

hfgsf/L lbFb} pgn] :jR5 lkpg] kfgL kfpg] gful/ssf] 

clwsf/sf];d]t ;Daf]wg x'g nfu]sfdf v'zL JoQm u/] . 

rLg;Fusf]=== 

Pstfsf] s'/fnfO{ pgx? lgs} v'zL x'g'eof] . Pstf 

3f]if0ff;efsf nflu;d]t lrlgofF k|ltlglwnfO{ lgDTff 

lbPsf 5f}FÆ, pgn] eg], æpgx? Pstfsf] a]nf g]kfn 

cfpg] s'/f u/]sf 5g\ .Æ 

k"j{k|wfgdGqL;d]t /x]sf g]tf g]kfnn] lrlgofF 

/fi6«kltsf] e|d0fsf af/]df klg lrlgofF pRr 

clwsf/L;Fu 5nkmn ePsf] hfgsf/L lbPsf] ;lrjfnon] 

hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . o:t} g]tf g]kfnnfO{ g]kfn–rLg 

;DaGwdf ct'ngLo of]ubfg k'¥ofPafkt ToxfFsf] gy{ 

dfldnf tyf sf"ggdGqL 

1fg]Gb|s'df/ ofbjn] ef}lts 

k"jf{wf/dGqL lht]Gb|k|;fb ;f]gf/nfO{ 

Hofg dfg] { wDsL cfPsfdf k|b]z 

;/sf/ uDeL/ ePsf] atfPsf 

5g\ . d+unaf/ a;]sf] k|b]z;ef 

a}7sdf k|b]zsf] zflGt ;'/Iffsf 

;DaGwdf hfgsf/L u/fpFb} 

pgn] k"jf{wf/dGqL ;f]gf/nfO{ 

ljz]if ;'/Iff k|bfg ul/g] hfgsf/L 

lbPsf 5g\ . k|b]z;ef ;b:o 

dlgifs'df/ ;'dgn] k|b]z;efsf] 

cl3Nnf] a}7sdf ef}lts 

k"jf{wf/dGqL ;f]gf/ ;Kt/Ldf 

;/;kmfO sfo{qmddf ;xefuL 

ePsf] a]nf ;z:q ;d"xaf6 

Hofg dfg]{ wDsL cfPsf] 

atfP . k|b]z ;/sf/n] tof/ u/]sf] l:ylt 

kqnfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ ;/sf/n] cfufdL ah]6 

tyf of]hgf lgdf{0f ug]{ / o;sf] cfwf/df 

lgdf{0f ePsf ah]6 tyf of]hgf ;Gt'lnt aGg] 

;/sf/n] ljZjf; lnPsf] ;d]t pgn] atfP . of] 

l:ylt kqn] k|b]zsf] jt{dfg cj:yf / cfufdL 

cfly{s tyf ;dflhs ?kfGt/0fnfO{ lgb] {lzt 

ug] { pgsf] egfO 5 . 

k|b]z % dfgj ;"rsf+ssf lx;fan] rf}Fyf] 

txdf /x]sf] l:ylt kqdf b]vfOPsf] 5 . of] 

k|b]zdf sl/a $$ nfv hg;+Vof /x]sfdf 

;a}eGbf a9L cf7 nfv ** xhf/ hg;+Vof 

?kGb]xLsf] 5 eg] ;a}eGbf sd hg;+Vof ?s'd 

/x]sf];d]t dGqL rf}w/Ln] hfgsf/L lbP . 

of] k|b]zdf k|ltJolQm cfDbfgLsf] cj:yf 

/fli6«o tYofª\s eGbf sd g} b]lvPsf] dfgj 

ljsf; ;"rsf+ssf] tYof+saf6 g} k|:6 x'g] pgn] 

atfP . o;dWo]df klg t/fO{sf slknj:t' / 

o'lgogleqsf] cfGtl/s åGån] s]jn 

;+u7gnfO{ sdhf]/ agfpg] u/]sf] atfpFb} 

ljutsf cg'ejsf cfwf/df ;+u7gnfO{ yk 

lqmofzLn agfpg g]t[Tjsf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fP . 

g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 :ofª\hfsf cWoIf 

cf]dk|sfz zdf{n] kqsfl/tfdf lqmofzLn 

JolQmn] k|]; o'lgogdf g]t[Tj ug'{kg]{df hf]8 

lbFb} Jofj;flostfsf ;fy} k]zfut bIftf 

clej[l4 ug'{ ckl/xfo{ ePsf] atfP . o'lgog 

sf:sLsf cWoIf lz/f]dl0f a/fnn] dxf;+3df 

z'4Ls/0f cfjZos ePsfn] k]zfut bIftf 

clej[l4sf nflu kqsf/nfO{ ;do ;dodf 

tfnLd Pj+ cled'vLs/0f k|bfg ug'{kg]{ 

atfP . e]nfdf k|b]z g+ $ cGtu{tsf ljleGg 

lhNnfsf cWoIf, pkfWoIf Pj+ kbflwsf/Lsf] 

;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . 

hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . dGqL 

ofbjn] dGqL ;f]gf/af6 lnlvt 

¿kdf hfgsf/L cfPkl5 o;af/] 

;3g ¿kn] sf/afxLsf] k|lqmof 

cufl8 a9fOg] atfP . 

k|b]z k|x/L P]g gePsf 

sf/0f klg ;'/Iff / k|zf;lgs 

lgsfoaLr ;dGjodf ;d:of 

b]lvPsf] pNn]v ub}{ pgn] 

ad lj:kmf]6, dlxnf lx+;f, 

anfTsf/ h:tf 36gfsf] 

lgoGq0fsf nflu ;/sf/sf] 

d'v dfq tfSg] k|j[lQsf] cGTo 

ug'{kg]{df hf]8 lbP . dGqL ofbjn] 

;/sf/ zflGt ;'/Iff e/kbf]{ 

agfpg]tkm{k|of;/t /x]sf]hfgsf/L 

klg lbP . 

k|b]z % sf] …l:ylt kqÚ ;fj{hlgs x'g] 

afFs] tyf kxf8L lhNnfdf /f]Nkf / ?s'd lgSs} 

k5fl8 /x]sf];d]t dGqL rf}w/Ln] atfP . k|b]z 

% df @% bzdnj * k|ltzt s'n ul/aLsf] 

cj:yf b]lvPsf]df o;df ;a}eGbf ul/aLsf] 

/]vfd'lg #% bzdnj % k|ltzt slknj:t'df 

/x]sf] l:ylt kqdf b]lvPsf] dGqL rf}w/Ln] 

hfgsf/L lbP . 

o:t} dlGqkl/ifb\ a}7sn] ljleGg 

dGqfnocGtu{t ljw]os k|b]z;efdf k]z ug{ 

:jLs[t lbg] lg0f{o;d]t u/]sf] k|jQmf rf}w/Ln] 

hfgsf/L lbP . pgsf cg';f/ d'VodGqL 

tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{nodfkm{t k|b]z g+ 

% cGtu{tsf ufpF tyf gu/;efsf] sfg"g 

lgdf{0f k|lqmof ;DaGwdf Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] 

ljw]os / k|b]z g+ % k|b]z ;fj{hlgs lnvt 

k|df0fLs/0f sfo{ljlw ;DaGwdf Joj:yf ug{ 

ag]sf] ljw]os k|b]z;efdf k]z ug{ :jLs[t 

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u/] . g]tf g]kfn z'qmaf/ :jb]z kms{g] Pdfn] s]Gb|Lo 

k|rf/ ljefusf ;lrj lji0f' l/hfnn] hfgsf/L lbP . 

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ultljlw lgoGq0f u/]sf vgfnn] bh{ga9L gSsnL 

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k;f{nufotsf :yfgdf a:bf ToxfFsf e"ldut ;d'xlj?å 

pgn] ljz]if ck/]zg ;~rfng u/]sf] lyP . pkTosfsf] 

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kfFr hgfsf] Hofg lng] rGb|axfb'/ kx/LnfO{ vgfnn] 

sl/a !@ aif{kl5 kqmfp u/]sf lyP . sf7df8f}+df a:bf 

vgfnn] cj}w sG;N6]G;Ldf 5fkf xfg]/ pgLx?nfO{ 

sf/jfxLsf] bfo/fdf ;d]t NofPsf lyP . 

sf] x'g\ z}n]Gb| vgfn < 

vgfn cfk\mgf k|lt:kwL{eGbf !) dlxgf l;lgo/ 

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andf l5/]sf z}n]Gb| vgfn Joj;flos / OdfGbf/ 

clkm;/sf] ?kdf kl/lrt 5g\ . cfk\mgf Aofrd]6x? g]kfn 

k|x/Ldf ev{/ k|x/L al/i7 pkl/Ifs -P;P;kL_ bhf{df 

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a9'jflj?å ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf l/6 bfo/ u/]sf lyP . pQm 

l/6 pk/ cGtl/d cfb]z ge;Fu} vgfnsf] cfO{lhkL x'g] 

af6f] to e};s]sf] lyof] . 

Tolta]nf lht axfb'/ k'g vgfn;Fu} PcfO{hLdf 

a9'jf ePklg pgL kbfjlwsf sf/0f 3/ uO{;s]sf 5g\ . 

To;}a]nf kl5 k/]sf PcfO{hL k'ik/fd s];L vgfneGbf 

sl/a !) dlxgf l9nf PcfO{lhdf a9'jf ePsf lyP . 

o;/L cfk\mgf k|lt:kwL{ s];L !) dlxgf h'lgo/ eP;Fu} 

vgfnn] #% xhf/ ;z:q k|x/L ansf] sdf08 ;DxfNg] 

df}sf kfPsf x'g\ . ;z:qsf] cfO{hLkLsf nflu vgfn;Fu} 

k'ik/fd s];L bf}8df lyP . 

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@ nfv #) xhf/ ld6/, 6]l/s6g kfOG6 Ps 

nfv $^ xhf/ * ;o ld6/, ;fbf r':tf ! nfv 

*) xhf/ ld6/, l8PdP; a'6 #% xhf/ hf]/, pgL 

h;L{ $# xhf/ @ ;o *) yfg, pgL sldh (@ 

xhf/ % ;o &) ld6/, Aof/]6 Sofk %* xhf/ % 

;o @% yfg, pgL sDan #@ xhf/ @ ;o %% 

yfg, kfsf{ Hofs]6 @& xhf/ % ;o (* yfg, kfgL 

jiff{bL !* xhf/ ^) yfg, lk6L h'Qf $^ xhf/ 

hf]/, ?s:ofu emf]nf !! xhf/ yfg, c08/ 6«fph/ 

e]i6 ;]6 %# xhf/ ! ;o !) ;]6sf nflu 6]08/ 

cfJxfg u/]sf] lyof] . 

6]08/ cfJxfgsf] cGo ;"rgf g]kfn k|x/Lsf] 

j]e;fO6df /fVg] ul/P klg of] ;"rgfj]e;fO6df 

g/flv s]xL 7]sbf/x?;Fu s]xL k|x/L clwsf/Lx?sf] 

ldn]dtf]df 6]08/ vf]lnPsf] Ps k|x/L clwsf/Ln] 

g} hg;jfnnfO{ atfP . pgn] g]kfn k|x/Ldf 

gfdsf] dfq 6]08/ x'g] / 6]08/ b]vfpgsf] nflu 

dfq ul/g] atfpFb}+ l;ldt JolQmsf] ks8df dfq 

6]08/ kg]{ u/]sf] atfP . tL k|x/L clwsf/Lsf 

cg';f/ ldn]dtf]df 6]08/ kfl/ elgPsf ;+VofeGbf 

w]/} sd / u'0f:t/lxg ;fdfg dfq k|x/Ldf bflvnf 

x'g] u/]sf] 5 . 

o;}qmddf of] jif{sf nflu 6]08/ 

kf/]sf 7]s]bf/x?af6 k|x/Lsf pRr clwsf/Lx?s} 

ldn]dtf]df cl3Nnf] cfjdf u'0f:t/lxg eg]/ lkmtf{ 

ul/Psf ;fdfgx?;d]t of] jif{ wdfwd a'em\g] sfd 

eO/x]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df lkmtf{ k7fPsf 

;s:ofs emf]nf, l:nlkª Aofu, png sldh sk8f, 

cG8/ 6«fph/ e]i6 ;]6, png h;L{, png kfOG6 

sk8f of] jif{ ToxL ;fdu|L :jLsfg]{ tof/L k|x/L 

k|wfg sfof{non] u/]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&$÷&% 

sf] nflu cfjZos nQfsk8f cfk"lt{sf] nflu 

lgsfn]sf] af]nkqdf 7"nf] cfly{s rnv]n ub}{ 

To;df ;+nUg ;a} 7]s]bf/x? ldn]dtf]df ahf/ 

efpeGbf lgs} pRr d"Nodf af]nkq bflvnf ug{ 

vf]lhPsf] 5 . of] ;d"xn] ;fdu|L vl/bsf] lhDdf 

lbbf s/f]8f}+ ?k}Fof 3f]6fnf ePsf] ;|f]tsf] bfaL 

5 . pRr d"Nodf af]nkq :jLsf/ ul/Psf] t/ 

w]/} u'0f:t/lxg pQm ;fdfgx? s]xL lbg klxn]b]lv 

k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no, e08f/ zfvfdf wdfwd 

bflvnf ul/Psf] 5 . 

u'0f:t/xLg ePklg g]kfn k|x/Lsf ldnf]dtf]df 

;+nUg sd{rf/Lx?s} bafaaf6 pQm ;fdfgx? 

e08f/ zfvfn] wdfwd bflvnf u/]sf] k|x/L k|wfg 

sfof{nosf Ps k|x/L clwsf/Ln] hfgsf/L lbP . 

cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df u'0f:t/xLg ePsf] sf/0f 

lkmtf{ k7fOsf ;fdfgx?nfO{ g} of] cfly{s jif{df 

u'0f:t/o'Qm eGb} :jLsf/ ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . :d/0f 

/xf];\ pQm ;fdfgx? u'0f:t/xLg ePsf] egL 

cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no d"Nof+sg 

;ldltsf P;P;kL pQd sfsL{n] e08f/ zfvfdf 

a'emfO;lsPsf] ;fdfgx? klg lkmtf{ k7fPsf lyP . 

cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df lkmtf{ k7fPsf ;s:ofs 

emf]nf, l:nlkª Aofu, png sldh sk8f, cG8/ 

6«fph/ e]i6 ;]6, png h;L{, png kfOG6 sk8f 

of] jif{ ToxL ;fdu|L :jLsfg]{ tof/L k|x/L k|wfg 

sfof{non] u/]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] cfly{s aif{df klg 

k|aGw zfvfsf] k|x/L lg/LIfs ltnaxfb'/ s'Fj/n] 

7]s]bf/x?sf] df]6f] /sdsf] cfly{s k|nf]egdf k/L 

;a} ;fdfgx? u'0f:t/xLg ePklg a'lemlngsf] 

nflu lgs} bf}8w'k u/]sf lyP . 

pQm ;dodf k|x/L lg/LIfs ltnaxfb'/ s'Fj/ 

/ 7]s]bf/x?sf] To; st{'taf/] w]/} kqklqsfx?df 

Jofks ?kdf ;dfrf/x? cfPsf lyP . t/ k|x/L 

lg/LIfs ltnaxfb'/ s'Fj/ / 7]s]bf/x?sf] pQm 

u'0f:t/xLg ;fdfgx? e08f/ zfvfdf a'emfpg] 

of]hgf sfo{ c;kmn ePsf] lyof] . clxn]sf] ldn]dtf] 

ePsf] af]nkqsf] ljifodf clVtof/ b'?kof]u 

cg';Gwfg cfof]u, k|wfgdGqL tyf dGqLkl/ifb\sf] 

sfof{no, u[x dGqfno, /fli6«o ;ts{tf s]Gk\mdf 

ph'/L k/]klg s'g} lgsfon] ulx/f] ?kdf cg';Gwfg 

sf7df8f} -h;_–sfg"g, 

Gofo tyf ;+;bLo dfldnf 

dGqfnon] k|b]z txnfO{ cfjZos 

yk b'O{ gd"gf sfg"g k7fPsf] 5 . 

dGqfnosf ;xk|jQmf x'daxfb'/ 

s];Ln] k|b]z;efsf kbflwsf/L 

tyf ;b:osf] kfl/>lds tyf 

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ag]sf] ljw]os / k|b]z;efsf 

;lrjfno ;DaGwdf Joj:yf ug{ 

ag]sf] ljw]os ;ft j6} k|b]znfO{ 

k7fOPsf] hfgsf/L lbP . o;cl3 

dGqfnon] k|b]zsf ;fj{hlgs 

lnvt k|df0fLs/0f sfo{ljlw 

;DaGwL, ufpF;ef / gu/;efsf] 

sfg"g lgdf{0f k|lqmof ;DaGwL, 

k|b]z ;/sf/sf] cfly{s sfo{ljlw 

lgoldt tyf Jojl:yt ug{ ];DaGwL, 

k|b]z cfsl:ds sf]if;DaGwL tyf 

d'VodGqL / dGqLsf] kfl/>lds 

tyf ;'ljwf ;DaGwdf Joj:yf 

ug{ ag]sf] ljw]os k7fPsf] 

lyof] . ;xk|jQmf s];Ln] k7fOPsf 

ljw]osnfO{ k|b]z;efn] :jLs[t 

u/L nfu" ug{;Sg] atfP . 

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gu/]kl5 7]s]bf/x?sf] ;d"xn] df]6f] /sdsf] cfly{s 

k|nf]egdf ldnfPsf] ;|f]tn] atfof] . u'0f:t/xLg 

;fdfg a'emfpg] 7]s]bf/x? l/t]zs'df/ cu|jfn, 

1fg]Gk\m a:g]t, jL/]Gk\mdfg hf]zL, /fh' yfkf, 6f]k]Gk\m 

lal;, >j0f cu|jfn / lktfDa/ d'7\sfnufotsf 

;d"x ;lqmo 5g\ . To;dWo] l/t]zs'df/ cu|jfnn] 

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;fdfg e08f/ zfvfdf g} /x]sf]df o; jif{ pQm ;fdfg 

a'emfPsf] h:tf] u/L e'QmfgL lng] k|of;df 5g\ . s]xL 

7]s]bf/x?n] eg] e'QmfgL lnO;s]sf 5g\ . 

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emf]nf e08f/ zfvfdf k'ofPsf x'g\ . Tolta]nf 

u'0f:t/xLg ePsf] sf/0fn] lkmtf{ k7fOPsf] lyof] . 

t/ clxn] ;f]xL ;fdfg g} km]l/ o; cfly{s jif{df 

e08f/ zfvfdf bflvnf ul/;lsPsf] 5 . png 

sldh sk8f, cG8/ 6«fph/ e]i6 ;]6, png h;L{, 

png kfOG6 sk8f ;a} cl3Nnf] cfly{s aif{df 

k|fljlws :k]l;lkms];g gldn]sf], 6]:6 l/kf]6{df d]n 

gvfPsf] egL ;a} ;fdfg lkmtf{ ul/Psf] lyof] . 

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;a} ;fdfg clxn] km]l/ e08f/ zfvfdf bflvnf 

eO;s]sf] 5 . 

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e08f/ zfvfn] clxn] a'lem/x]sf] 5 . pQm ;fdfg 

k|fljlws :k]l;lkms];g adf]lhd gePsf] hfgsf/L 

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;lsg] kbsf JolQmx? sxfF bf}8w'k ul//x]sf] 

;|f]tsf] bfaL 5 . 

pQm sfo{df k|zf;g ljefudf xfn 

sfo{/t l8cfOhL kjg v/]n, k|x/L lg/LIfs 

an/fd vqL, e08f/ zfvfsf l8P;kL gj/fh 

dNn / d"Nof+sg ;ldltsf P;P;kL sdn lh;Lsf] 

;d]t 7"nf] /sdsf] k|nf]egdf k/L ldn]dtf] u/fpg 

rnv]n e}/x]sf] 5 . ;fy} pQm sfo{df xfnsf k|x/L 

dxflg/LIfs k|sfz cof{nsf];d]t ;fy 5 . k|sfz 

cof{n ef]ln lalxaf/b]lv clgjfo{ cjsf;df hfg] 

x'Fbf 7]s]bf/x?sf] pQm ;d"xn] cfh g} e'QmfgL lng] 

/ cfO{hLkL k|sfz cof{nnfO{ ;d]t df]6f] /sd 

a'emfO labfO ug]{ tof/Ldf nfu]sf 5g\ . To;sf/0f 

hfg] a]nfdf cfO{hLkL k|sfz cof{nn];d]t pQm 

u'0f:t/xLg ;fdfg a'lemlng e08f/ zfvfdf 

cg'lrt bafa lbO/x]sf 5g\ . 

otf k|;f;g ljefusf l8cfOhL kjg v/]nn] 

g]kfn k|x/Lsf] j]e;fO6df 6]08/ gf]l6; gx'g' k|fljlws 

sdhf]/L ePsf] hgfpFb} + ahf/df xNnf rn]sf] h:tf] 

gePsf] bfaL u/] . pgn] cfkm'x?n] k|lqmofd} sfd 

u/]sf];d]t bfaL u/] . otf g]kfn k|x/Lsf k|jQmf 

dgf]h Gof}kfg]n] j]e;fO6df ;"rgf hf/L gePsf] 

af/]df cfkm'nfO{ hfgsf/L gePsf] atfpFb} /fli6«o 

b}lgs klqsfdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/]/ 6]08/ cfJxfg 

u/]sfn] ;]l6ª gePsf] bfaL u/] . Gof}kfg];Fu ;]l6ª 

geP ;w} + Pp6} ;d"x / 7]s]bf/n] s;/L 6]08/ kf5{g 

t eGg] hg;jfn ;Dafbbftfsf] k|Zgdf pgn] cGo 

7]s]bf/x? sf]xL klg gcfpg] u/]sfn] pgLx?n] kfPsf] 

hjfkm lbP . Gof}kfg]n] o;af/]df cfkm' eGbf klg 

k|;f;g / e08f/0f zfvfsf k|d'vnfO{ hfgsf/L x'g] 

atfP . of] ljifodf 7]s]bf/x?;Fu a'em\g vf]Hbf pgLx? 

;Dk{sdf cfpg rfx]gg\ . 

k|b]z;ef ;b:onfO{ dfl;s 

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clwsf/cg';f/ k|b]z;efn] sfo{ 

ljefhg / sfo{ ;~rfng;DaGwL 

lgodfjnL cfkm}F agfO;s]sf 

5g\ . dGqfnon] k|b]z;efsf 

nflu ca yk !@ gd"gf sfg"g 

agfO{ k7fpg afFsL 5 . dGqfnon] 

agfPsf] gd"gf sfg"gsf] 

d:of}bfnfO{ dxfGoflwjQmfsf] 

;+of]hsTjdf /x]sf] lj1 ;d"xn] 

kl/dfh{g u/L k'gM dGqfnodf 

k7fpg] u5{ . pk;lrj s];Ln] 

rfF8} afFsL gd"gf sfg"g agfP/ 

k|b]z;efdf k7fpg] tof/L 

ul/Psf] atfP . k7fOPsf] 

ljw]osdf ;efd'v, pk;efd'v, 

ljleGg ;ldlt, ;Qf kIf / 

ljkIfL bnsf ;r]ts, ;r]ts, 

k|b]z ;b:osf] kfl/>lds / 

;'ljwfsf] k|:tfj tf]lsPsf] 5 . 

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pk;efd'vsf] ? %) xhf/ tyf 

;ldlt ;efklt / ;r]tssf] 

? $* xhf/ tyf k|b]z;efsf 

;b:osf] ? $% xhf/ kfl/>lds 

k|:tfj ul/Psf] 5 . pk;lrj 

s];Ln] gd"gf sfg"gdf k|:tfj 

ul/Psf] ;'ljwfnfO{ k|b]z;efn] 

yk36 ug{ ;Sg] atfP . 

sDkgLsf] gfd kl/jt{g ;DaGwL ;"rgf 

o; sDkgLsf] @)&@÷)(÷@) df ;DkGg jflif{s÷ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;efsf] 

lg0f{o cg';f/ ;fljsf] sDkgL sfdgf d]df]l/on af]l8{ª :s'n l;/xf k|f=ln= 

-k|f=ln=g+=!$#^^@_ sf] gfddf /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ rncrn ;DklQ tyf ltg'{ 

kg]{ s/ bfloTj÷cGo bfloTj cflb kl/jlt{t sDkgLn] ltg]{ Joxf]g]{ u/L 

sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{noaf6 ;d]t ldlt @)&#÷)(÷@^ ut]sf] lg0f{o 

cg';f/ sDkgLsf] gfd kl/jt{g u/L n's]z/L Oª\uln; af]l8{ª\u :s'n l;/xf 

k|f=ln= sfod ul/Psf] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfåf/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . 

n's]z/L Oª\uln; af]l8{ª\u :s'n l;/xf -k|f=ln=g+=!$#^^@_ 

cgf{df–(, l;/fxf, ;u/dfyf

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ljZjsf w]/} b]zx?df :jf:Yo 

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kf]ln;L cg";f/ gub e"QmfgL 

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v]n]sf k|sfz/fh kf08]n] 

;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f ug]{ ePsf 

5g\ . pgn] afnclwsf/sf 

nflu r]tgf km}nfpg cfkm"n] 

a'waf/b]lv ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f 

ug{ nfu]sf] hfgsf/L lbP . 

æafnaflnsfsf] xsclwsf/nfO{ 

;u/dfyfsf] r'r'/f]af6 p7fpg], 

g]kfnsf] ko{6g ljsf;df 

of]ubfg k'¥ofpg], ljleGg 

b]zsf :sfp6nfO{ ;u/dfyf 

r9\g cfXjfg ug]{ p2]Zon] 

sf7df8f}F -h;_–kfls:tfg 

;/sf/n] g]kfnnfO{ pknAw 

u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5fqj[lQ 

…l;6Ú bf]Aa/n] j[l4 ul/Psf] 

3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . kfls:tfgsf 

k|wfgdGqLn] xfn} ;DkGg cfˆgf] 

cf}krfl/s g]kfn e|d0fsf qmddf 

u/]sf] pQm 3f]if0ffadf]lhd 

oxfFl:yt kfls:tfgL b"tfjf;n] 

klg :yfgLo txdf pknAw 

u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5fqj[lQsf] 

;+Vofdf ;d]t bf]Aa/n] a9f]Q/L 

u/]sf] 5 . kfFr jif{otf pQm 

b"tfjf;n] jif]{gL k|fylds, 

dfWolds / pRrdfWolds 

txdf cWoog/t h]x]Gbf/ Pj+ 

k|ltefzfnL ljBfyL{nfO{ k|bfg 

ub}{ cfPsf] 5fqj[lQcGtu{t 5}6f}F 

jif{sf] 5fqj[lQ k|bfg sfo{qmd 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–anTsf/LnfO{ 

sfg"gdf g} kmfF;Lsf] ;hfosf] 

dfu ub} { cfh k|bz{g ul/Psf] 

5 . gofFafg]Zj/b]lv dfOtL3/;Dd 

anTsf/LnfO{ ;+ljwfgdf g} kmfF;Lsf] 

Joj:yf ug{ 'kg] { dfu /fVb} /Iff 

g]kfnn] d+unaf/ k|bz{g u/]sf] 

agfpg cfkm'x?n] g]kfn 

d]l8l;6L c:ktfn;Fu ;xsfo{ 

u/]sf] / o;n] g]kfnsf] :jf:Yo 

If]qdf 7'nf] ;xof]u k'Ug] lk|ldo/ 

OG:of]/]G;sf cWoIf ;"/]znfn 

>]i7n] atfP . cfd g]kfnLx?nfO{ 

;j{;"ne pkrf/ u/fpg] 

rfxgfcg'?k g]kfn d]l8l;6L 

c:ktfnn] z'ef/De u/]sf] o; 

gub/xLt :jf:YoaLdfnfO{ 

;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f ug{ nfu]sf] 

x'FÆ, pgn] eg] . pgn] ;u/dfyf 

cf/f]x0fdf ? $% nfv vr{ nfUg] 

/ /sd ar]df afnaflnsfsf] 

j[lQljsf;df vr{ ul/g] atfP . 

/fd]5fk lgjf;L 

kf08]n] ljZj :sfp6 / /fli6«o 

o'jf kl/ifb\sf em08f, rf/ zxLb 

/ /fd]5fk lhNnfsf t:jL/ tyf 

nlntk'/ :sfp6sf] :j0f{hoGtLsf] 

k|tLslrXg ;u/dfyfdf k'¥ofpg 

nfluPsf] klg hfgsf/L lbP . 

kf08]nfO{ ljleGg ;+3;+:yfsf] 

em08f tyf k|tLslrXg x:tfGt/0f 

ub} { k|b]z g+ # sf cfly{s dfldnf 

tyf of]hgfdGqL s}nfz 9' +u]nn] 

:sfp6df nfu]/ ljZjsf] ;jf]{Rr 

d+unaf/ ;DkGg eof] . 

lzIff, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw 

dGqfnosf ;lrj vu/fh a/fn, 

g]kfnsf nflu kfls:tfgL /fhb"t 

dhx/ hfa]b / g]kfn–kfls:tfg 

;f+:s[lts tyf d}qL ;+3sf 

cWoIf lxdfnozDz]/ ha/fn] 

;+o'Qm ¿kdf 5fqj[lQ /sd 

k|bfg u/] . ;f]cg';f/ sf7df8f}F 

pkTosfsf tLg lhNnf;lxt $) 

lhNnfsf ;fd'bflos Pj+ s]xL 

lghL ljBfnosf @%) ljBfyL{n] 

hgxL ? !) xhf/ kfPsf 5g\ . 

bf]nvf, cf]vn9'+uf, /fd]5fk, 

uf]/vf, sfe|]knf~rf]s, l;Gw'nL, 

lrtjg, ndh'ª, ;f]n'v'Da', 

kfNkf, wflbª, kj{t, tgx'F, 

:ofª\hf, wgs'6f, ;Kt/L, ;nf{xL, 

;'v]{t, alb{of, s}nfnL, 88]Nw'/f, 

hg:t/ ;Dd k'of{O{ a9L eGbf 

a9L g]kfnLx?nfO{ o; of]hgfdf 

;dflxt u/fpg' kg]{ g]kfn 

d]l8l;6L c:ktfndf c:ktfn 

lgb]{zs 8f ;"lgns"df/ zdf{n] 

atfP . 

o; :jf:Yo aLdfcGtu{t 

;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLnfO{ ;xh / 

;'ne ;]jf k|bfg ug{sf lgldQ 

Sof;n]; ;'ljwfdfkm{t c:ktfn 

afnclwsf/sf nflu ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f 

xf] . …of{nLdf …cfˆgf] 5f]/L r]nLsf] 

cl:dtfsf] kx/]bf/ cfkm} agf} 

anfTsf/LnfO{ kmfF;L g} rflxG5, … 

anfTsf/LnfO{ kmfF;L b]Ú h:tf 

gf/f nufOPsf] lyof] . pgLx?n] 

;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg u/L anTsf/LnfO{ 

kmfF;Lsf] Joj:yf sfg"gL?kdf g} 

lzv/ ;u/dfyf k'Ug' b]zs} uf}/j 

sfo{ ePsf] atfP . æcf/f]x0fn] 

/fd]5fk / g]kfnsf] kl/ro 

emNsg]5Æ, pgn] eg] . 

o'jf kl/ifb\sf pkfWoIf 

dfwj 9' +u]nn] b]zsf Ps s/f]8 

;ft nfv o'jfsf] k|ltlglwTj ub}{ 

;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f ug{ nfu]sfdf 

pgn]fO{ z'esfdgf JoQm u/] ] . 

g]kfn :sfp6 /fli6«o tby{ 

;ldltsf ;+of]hs rGbg 

sf}lzsn] :sfp6sf nflu 

;fx; rflxg] ePsfn] pQm 

;fx;nfO{ ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0fdf 

k|of]u ug{ nfu]sfdf v'zL JoQm 

u/]] . kf08];Fu cGo cf7 hgfn] 

;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f ub{} 5g\ . 

kfls:tfgåf/f 5fqj[lQ bf]Aa/ ul/Psf] 3f]if0ff 

?s'd bfr'{nfnufot lhNnfsf 

5fq5fqnfO{ 5fqj[lQ k|bfg 

ul/Psf] xf] . 

To; cj;/df ;lrj a/fnn] 

g]kfndf dfgj ;+;fwg ljsf; 

tyf k|fljlws hgzlQm pTkfbgdf 

kfls:tfgaf6 lg/Gt/ ;xfotf 

k|fKt ePsfdf cfef/ JoQm ub} 

g]kfn / kfls:tfgaLr s"6gLlts 

;DaGw :yfkgf ePotf b'j} b]zn] 

cGt/f{li6«o Pj+ If]qLo d~rdf ;dfg 

cjwf/0ff k|:t't ub} { cfPsf atfP . 

/fhb"t hfa]bn] kfls:tfg–g]kfn 

;DaGwnfO{ yk k|uf9 t'Nofpg] 

dxTjk"0f{ dfWodsf ¿kdf z}lIfs 

pGgog Pj+ 5fqj[lQ xf] eGb} ;/sf/L 

lg0f{ocg'¿k cfufdL jif{b]lv 5fqj[lQ 

l;6 / ;+Vof ztk|ltztn] j[l4 

ul/Psf] atfP . 

anfTsf/LnfO{ kmfF;Lsf] ;hfo dfu ub}{ dfOtL3/df k|bz{g 

x'g'kg]{ hf]8bf/ dfu u/]sf 5g\ . 

kl5Nnf] ;do cfkmGt / kl/jf/s} 

;b:oaf6 g} w]/} afnaflnsf 

anfTs[t x'g' k/]sfn] o;sf] 

;hfosf nflu ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg 

u/L kmfF;Lsf] Joj:yf ug{ 'kg] { /Iff 

g]kfnsL ;fljqL ;'j]bLn] atfP . 

/ OG:of]/]G; sDkgLn] ;Demf}tfkq 

tof/ u/L ;f]xLcg'?k sfo{ 

ug]{ of]hgf agfPsf] hfgsf/L 

lbOPsf] 5 . h; cGtu{t, 

;]jflng] u|fxsn] gubsf] k|jfx 

gu/L l;w} c:ktfndf egf{ eO{ 

lnPsf] ;]jfsf] cfwf/df pkrf/ 

lng]5g\ . jflif{s !@ ;o %) 

lk|ldoddf %) xhf/;Ddsf] 

pkrf/ ;'ljwf nufot jflif{s 

@% xhf/ lk|ldoddf !) nfv 

;Ddsf] pkrf/ ;]jfn] pkrf/ 

ca ;a} g]kfnLx?sf] kFx'rdf 

eGg] gf/fnfO{ ;fy{s t'NofPsf] 

;f] cj;/df hfgsf/L u/fO{of] . 

ca cfˆgf] :jf:Yo of]hgf cg";f/ 

:jf:Yo aLdf ;'ljwf lng] cj;/ 

g]kfnLx?nfO{ k|fKt ePsf]n] ;a} 

g]kfnLx? o;af6 nfeflGjt x'g] 

;d]t ;f] cj;/df hfgsf/L 

u/fO{of] . 

gub/xLt :jf:Yo 

aLdfdf cfwfl/t eO{ Ps 

;df/f]xsfaLr g]kfn 

d]l8l;6L c:ktfnsf k|d"v 

sfo{sf/L clws[t 

;'wfs/ ho/fd / lk|ldo/ 

OG:of]/]G;sf k|d"vsfo{sf/L 

clws[t ;'w'Dgk|;fb pkfWofon] 

;Demf}tfkqdf x:tfIf/ u/]sf 

5g\ . ljZjsf clwsf+z b]zx?df 

:jf:Yo aLdf cTofjZos /x]sf] 

/ o;sf] cToflws pkof]unfO{ 

dWogh/ u/L cfdhgtfx?n] 

:jf:Yodf 9'Ss eO/x]sf] / 

;f]xL cg"?k ca g]kfndf 

klg ;f]sf] cfjZoQmf b]lvPsf] 

x'gfn] eljionfO{ dWogh/ 

u/L c:ktfn / aLdf sDkgLn] 

of] sbd rfn]sf] sfo{qmddf 

hfgsf/L u/fO{of] . 

la:s]6 hfqf z'? 

eQmk'/-h;_–gofF jif{sf] cfudg;+Fu} eQmk'/df cf7 /ft gf} 

lbg;Dd dgfOg] la:s]6 hfqfdf d+unaf/ klxnf] lbg tf}d9Laf6 e}/jsf] 

/y tfg]/ z'? ePsf] 5 . tf}d9L cyf{t kfFrtn] dlGb/ cufl8af6 

d+unaf/ ;fFemaf6 e}/jsf] /y tfg]/ hfqf z'? ePsf] xf] . tf}d9Lsf] 

tNnf] / dflyNnf] If]qsf afl;Gbfn] /ynfO{ cfcfˆgf] If]qdf n}hfg /y 

tfGg] ub{5g\ . /ynfO{ dWo/flt;Dd klg tfg]/ k'gM ulx6L NofP/ /fVg] 

/ To;kl5 /y 

tfGg /f]Sg] k/Dk/f 

5 . tflGqs 

l j l w c g ' ; f / 

rNg] P]ltxfl;s 

Pj+ ;fF:s[lts 

dxTj af]s]sf] 

of] hfqf g]kfn 

;+jt @^* cyf{t 

lnR5ljsfneGbf 

cufl8b]lv dgfOFb} 

cfPsf] / dNn /fhf hutHof]lt dNnn] ljz]if ¿kdf dgfpg] 

Joj:yf u/]sf] Oltxf;df pNn]v 5 . 

To;kl5 g]kfn ;+jt *@& df /fhf e"kltGb| dNn of] hfqf 

cem Jojl:yt u/L cf7 /ft / gf} lbg dgfpg] k|rng a;fPcg';f/ 

g} clxn];Dd ToxL k|rng rNb} cfPsf] 5 . k|To]s jif{sf] j}zfv % 

ut] hfqfsf] clGtd lbg ePsfn] of] lbg k|l;4 kfFrtn] dlGb/l:yt 

tf}d9L] e}/jsf] /y tfg]/ kfFrtn] dlGb/sf] klZrd s'gfdf /fvL 

a]tfnL e}/jsf] d'Vo b]ptfnfO{ k"hf u/L e}/j dlGb/df leqØfPkl5 

tflGqs ljlwcg'¿k k"hf u/L hfqf ;DkGg ul/G5 . la:s]6 hfqf 

d} r}q #) ut] eQmk'/sf] e]n'v]ndf lnª\uf] p7fpg] / j}zfv ! ut] 

lbge/ hfqf ;~rfng u/L ;fFem 9fNg] ul/G5 . 

k|hgg clwsf/ xgg ePdf Ifltk"lt{ 

sf7df8f}F -h;_–:jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof /fHodGqL kb\dfs'df/L 

cof{nn] k|hgg :jf:Yo;DaGwL P]g dlxnfsf] hLjgf]kof]uL x'g] u/L 

agfOg] atfPsL 5g\ . dlxnf, sfg"g / ljsf; d~rn] d+unaf/ 

cfof]hgf u/]sf] …k|hgg :jf:Yo;DaGwL ljw]osÚ dfly 5nkmn 

sfo{qmddf pgn] dlxnfsf] k|hgg clwsf/nfO{ P]gn] cem a9L 

;+/If0f ug]{ atfOg . pgn] ljw]ossf] d:of}bf rfF8} agfpg lgb]{zg 

lbPsf] eGb} ca ;+;b\ rNg]lalQs} k]z ug]{ atfP . 

sfo{qmddf dGqfnosf lgldQ ;lrj ;'zLn Kofs'/]nn] dlxnfsf 

k|hgg clwsf/nfO{ a9L ;'lglZrt x'g] tl/sfn] ljw]os tof/ 

eO/x]sf] / ;a}sf] ;'emfjsf cfwf/df ljw]ossf] d:of}bfnfO{ clGtd 

¿k lbg yflnPsf] hfgsf/L lbP . dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf Ho]i7 

dGqfnosf pk;lrj ljlgtf e§/fO{n] ;'/lIft ue{ktg / dft[Tj 

tyf kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf] clwsf/nfO{ :yflkt u/fpg] u/L ljw]os 

agfOg'kg]{ atfP . d~rsf cWoIf dL/f 9'+ufgfn] dlxnfnfO{ plrt 

Ifltk"lt{sf ;fy ljw]os agfpg'kg]{ atfP . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #* 

sf] @ n] dlxnfsf] k|hgg :jf:Yo clwsf/nfO{ df}lns clwsf/sf 

¿kdf lnPsf] 5 . ljw]osdf k|hgg clwsf/ xgg ePsf] cj:yfdf 

Ifltk"lt{;d]tsf] Joj:yf ;d]6\g yflnPsf] 5 . 

@)&$ r}t @* ut], a'waf/ 


rsf]{ z'Ns lng] ljBfnonfO{ 

sf/jfxL x'G5 M dxfgu/ 

sf7df8f}F -h;_–tLg ljBfyL{ 

;+u7gn] lghL ljBfnosf] 

rsf]{ z'Nsj[l4 tTsfn /f]Sg 

dfu ub}{ b]ze/sf &%# :yfgLo 

txsf k|d'vnfO{ 1fkgkq 

a'emfPsf 5g\ . cg]/f:jljo', 

cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_ / 

g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3n] lghL 

ljBfnon] dfkb08eGbf a9L 

z'Ns lnPsf] eGb} To;nfO{ 

/f]Sg dfu u/L d+unaf/ 

Ps;fy &%# :yfgLo txsf 

k|d'vnfO{ 1fkgkq a'emfPsf] 

qmflGtsf/Lsf pkfWoIf ;'/]Gb| 

a:g]tn]atfP . ;f]cg';f/ d+unaf/} 

sf7df8f}F+ dxfgu/kflnsfsf 

k|d'v ljBf;'Gb/ zfSonfO{ 

klg ljBfyL{ ;+u7gn] 1fkgkq 

a'emfPsf 5g\ . 

1fkgkq a'‰b} zfSon] rsf]{ 

z'Ns lng] ljBfnosf] cg'udg 

eO/x]sf] / dfkb08eGbf a9L 

lng] ljBfnonfO{ sf/jfxL ul/g] 

atfP . ……sIff ! sf] egf{d} nfvf}+F 

/sd c;'lnPsf] ;'Ggdf cfPsf] 

5ÚÚ, pgn] eg],……xfdL To:tf rsf]{ 

z'Ns lng] ljBfnosf] cg'udg 

ul//x]sf 5f}F .ÚÚ lghL ljBfnon] 

;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/Lsf] nflu xfdL sxf“ 

l;wf} ;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf, xfdL 

tkfO{sf] Ifdtf cg';f/sf] 

/f]huf/Ldf k7fpg] 5f}+ . 

# 

z'Ns lgwf{/0f ubf{ :yfgLo 

tx;Fu :jLs[lt lnP/ ug'{kg]{ 

Joj:yf eP klg To;f] gu/]sf] 

kfOPsf] pgn] atfP . ;+ljwfgn] 

dfWoflds tx;Ddsf] lzIffsf] 

lhDdf :yfgLo txnfO{ lbPsf] 

5 . ljBfno txsf] lzIffdf z'Ns 

lgwf{/0f / cg'udgsf] bfloTj 

:yfgLo txsf] ePsfn] lghL 

If]qdf ul/Psf] dgk/L z'Ns j[l4 

:yfgLo txaf6 tTsfn g/f]lsP 

s8f ;+3if{df pqg afWo x'g] 

cg]/f:jljo'sf pkfWoIf dx]z 

atf}{nfn] atfP . 

hnjfiko'Qm xfjfsf] k|efjn] jiff{ 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–c/a ;fu/ 

/ a+unfb]zsf] vf8Laf6 cfPsf] 

hnjfiko'Qm xfjfsf sf/0f 

b]zsf clwsf+z e]udf abnL 

/ s]xL :yfgdf jiff{ ePsf] 

5 . c/asf] hnjfiko'Qm xfjfsf 

;fy} ;txL ?kdf a+unfb]zsf] 

vf8Laf6 cfPsf] hnjfiko'Qm 

xfjfsf] k|efjsf sf/0f abnL / 

jiff{ u/fPsf] df};dljb\ ;'jf; 

l/dfnn] hfgsf/L lbP . pgsf 

cg';f/ dWo e]usf kxf8L 

/ t/fO{ tyf klZrd / k"j{sf 

kxf8L If]qdf abnL ePsf] 5 . 

of] k|0ffnL qmdzM k"j{lt/ km}lnFb} 

uPsfn] /flt s]xL :yfgdf 

xNsfb]lv dWod vfnsf] jiff{ 

u/fpg]5 eg] cGo :yfgdf xNsf 

abnL / kmf§km'§ jiff{ x'g] cg'dfg 

ul/Psf] 5 . 

pQm k|0ffnLn] s]xL lbgotf 

afbn agfpg] / jiff{ u/fpg] 

u/]sfn] tLg lbg;Dd of] k|lqmof 

hf/L /xg] df};dljb\ l/dfnsf] 

egfO 5 . …l5gl5gdf abnL x'g], 

3fd nfUg] / jiff{ x'g] ePtf klg 

7"nf] vfnsf] jiff{sf] ;Defjgf 

sd 5,Ú – pgn] eg] . df};d 

k"jf{g'dfg dxfzfvfsf] kl5Nnf] 

ljj/0fcg';f/ cfh ;a}eGbf a9L 

jL/]G›gu/df %^, lj/f6gu/df 

#$, g]kfnuGhdf !&, bLkfondf 

!^ / tfKn]h'ªdf 5 ldlnld6/ 

jiff{ ePsf] 5 . d+unaf/ 

sf7df8f}F pkTosfsf] clwstd 

tfkqmd @% bzdnj cf7 / 

Go"gtd tfkqmd !# bzdnj 

cf7 l8u|L ;]lN;o; /x]sf] 5 . 

Lifeline Overseas Pvt. Ltd 

(An ISO 9001: 2015 Certified Company) 

GPO BOX 2002, EPC 5961 Gongabu, Kathmandu, Nepal 

Tel: +977-1-4364865, 4389522, 4389188 

Fax : 977-1-4386141, Web: www.lifelineoverseas.com

@)&$ r}t @* ut], a'waf/ 

Wednesday 11 April 2018 

;DkfbsLo 

alnof] ;~hfn 

clxn] g]kfn k|x/Ldf gofF g]t[Tjsf] rrf{;Fu} ;f9] ## s]hL 

;'g ufoa ePsf] ljifo klg lgs} rrf{df 5 . df3df o"PO{af6 

lqe'jg cGt/f{l{i6«o ljdf:yn x'Fb} cfPsf] t:s/Lsf] ;f9] ## s]hL 

;'g ;DalGwt JolQm;Dd gk'uL ufoa ePsf] / el/of pnf{af/Lsf 

;gd zfSosf] xTof eP;Fu} clxn] of] 36gfn] g]kfn k|x/Ldf xnrn 

dRrfPsf] 5 . k|x/Ldf of] 36gfn] xnrn dlRrg'df of] 36gfsf] 

g]6js{ k|x/L ;+u7g leq;Dd /xg' xf] . clxn] ;'g x/fPsf] k'li6 

ePsf] 5 / 36gfnfO{ n'sfpg k|x/Ln] e"ldsf v]n]sf] :ki6 b]lvPsf] 

5 . o;af/] 5fgljgsf qmddf dxfgu/Lo ck/fw cg';Gwfg 

dxfzfvfsf k|dv P;P;kL lbj]z nf]xf]gL, 8LP;kL k|lht s];L / 

;O{ afns[i0f ;~h]n x]8Sjf6{/ tflgPsf 5g\ eg] 36gfdf k|x/Lsf] 

dflyNnf] bhf{s} clwsf/Lx? ;d]t d'l5Psf 5g\ . 36gfsf] cg';Gwfg 

ug{ u[xdGqfnon] ;x–;lrj O{Zj/ kf}8]n g]t[Tjsf] 5fglag ;ldlt 

agfPsf] 5 eg] k|x/L k|wfg sfof{non] k|x/L gfoa dxflg/LIfs 

-8LcfO{hL_ k'isn/fh /]UdLsf] g]t[Tjsf] ;ldlt agfPsf] lyof] . 

k|x/L pRr clwsf/Lx?;Fu lxdlrdaf6 kmfObf p7fpFb} t:s/ 

x?n] ;'g t:s/L ub}{ cfPsf lyP . ;'gn] pTkGg ePsf[] ljjfbdf 

k|x/L lxdlrdsf sf/0f cfk\mgf] ck/fw wGbf n'sfpg ;kmn r'8fdl0f 

pk|]tL -uf]/]_ ;gd xTofdf km;]sf 5g\ eg] of] 36gfdf k|x/L klg 

cfkm}+ km:g k'u]sf] 5 . ;'g ufoa ePkl5 oftgf lbg] qmddf ;gdsf] 

d[To' ePsf] k|x/L cg';Gwfgaf6 v'n]sf] 5 . ;gdsf] xTofdf kbf{ 

xfNg k|x/Laf6} 36gf;DaGwdf km/s ljj/0f cfpg'n] o;df klxNo} 

g} k|x/L ;+nUgtf b]lvPsf] lyof] . dxfzfvfn] ;gdsf] xTof l;/fxdf 

ePsf] atfO/xFbf df]/ªdf cfof]lht kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf pnf{af/L–!, 

;f]N6L vf]nfdf pgsf] xTof ePsf] atfPsf] lyof] . 36gfdf ;+nUg 

ePsf] cf/f]kdf To;j]n} sfe|]sf #@ jifL{o 6]s/fh dNn, pnf{af/Ls} 

## jifL{o s[i0f elgg] g/]Gb| sfsL{ / #& jifL{o df]xg sfk\mn] kqmfp 

k/]sf lyP . oBlk, cg';Gwfgsf qmddf pgLx? cfkm}+ klg t:s/Ldf 

k|of]u ePsf el/of ePsf] v'n]sf] 5 . 36gfdf uDeL/tfk"j{s 

cg';Gwfg gu/]sf] eGb} k|x/L k|wfg sfof{nodf ph'/L k/]kl5 

cg';Gwfg ;ldlt u7g eof] . 36gfdf k|x/L clwsf/Ls} ;+nUgtf 

/x]sf] e]l6Pkl5 u[xdGqL /fdaxfb'/ yfkf …afbnÚ n] klg rf;f] 

b]vfPsf lyP / u[xdGqfnon] 5'§} 5fgalg ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] lyof] . 

5fglag ;ldltn] u/]sf] cg';Gwfg ;ldltn] eg] ;gd zfSosf] zj 

!( kmfu'gdf w/fgsf] efg' rf]saf6 a/fdb u/]sf] tYo km]nf kf/]sf] 

;|f]tsf] egfO 5 eg] ;'g dflns uf]/]nfO{ eufpg la/f6gu/af6 

a/fdb u/]sf] gf6s ul/Psf] atfOG5 . 

36gfsf] cg';Gwfg ug{ ul7t ;ldltn] clxn];Dd !! hgfnfO{ 

lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] 5 . h;df Joj;foLb]lv yfO{ Po/j]hsf 

sd{rf/L;Dd 5g\ . ;f9] ## s]hL ;'gsf dflns df]/ª pnf{af/Lsf 

r'8fdl0f e§/fO{ x'g\ . …uf]/]Ú pkgfdn] lrlgg] pgnfO{ …uf]N8 8gÚ 

klg eGg] ul/G5 . k|x/L pRr clwsf/Lx?;Fu lxdlrdaf6 kmfObf 

p7fpFb} uf]/]n] ;'g t:s/L ub}{ cfPsf lyP . o;cl3 klg pgsf] 

gfd t:s/L;Fu ghf]l8Psf] xf]Og t/, aRb} cfPsf lyP . of] k6s 

;gdsf] xTof ePkl5 pgL cg';Gwfgsf] 3]/fdf 5g\ . ;'g t:s/Laf6 

/ftf/ft s/f]8klt ePsf pgn] :yfgLo tx / cfd r'gfjsf a]nf 

/fhgLlts bnsf pDd]bjf/x?nfO{ :sf]lk{of] uf8L lslglbPsf lyP . 

o;n] klg pgsf] g]6js{ sxfF;Dd / slt alnof] 5 eGg] b]vfpF5 . 

kl5Nnf] ;do ;'g t:s/Lsf ljleGg sf08 aflx/ cfO/x]klg lgoldt 

b}lgs ;of}+ lsnf] ;'g g]kfndf t:s/Laf6 lelq/x]sf] :j+o u[xdGqL 

/fdaxfb'/ yfkfn] s]xL ;docl3 kqsf/ ;Dd]ng g} u/]/ ;fj{hlgs 

u/]sf lyP . t:s/, sd{rf/L, ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ljleGg tTjsf] 

ldlneutdf ;'g t:s/Lsf] wGbf df}nfPsf] u[xdGqLn] atfPsf lyP . 

o;n] klg g]kfndf t:s/x? slt alnof 5g\ / b]znfO{ s;/L vf]qmf] 

agfO/x]sf 5g\ eGg] b]lvG5 . o;nfO{ gfd]6 kfg]{ xf] eg] klxn] of] 

;~hfn klxn] tf]l8g'k5{ . 

ljrf/ 

…la:s]6 hfqfM gfugflugLsf] syf e|d dfqÚ 

;f+:s[lts Pj+ P]ltxfl;s dxTjsf] 

la:sf -la:s]6_ hfqf d+unaf/b]lv z'? 

x'Fb}5 . gf} lbg cf7 /ft;Dd dgfOg] 

la:s]6 hfqf d+unaf/ ;fFem 6f}d9Ll:yt 

kfFrtn] dlGb/ cufl8af6 e}/jgfysf] /y 

tfgftfg ub}{ z'?cft ul/G5 . sf7}sf7n] 

Kofuf]8f-5fg]_z}nLdf lgld{t tLgtn] 

/ydf e}/jgfysf] d"n b]jtf / a]tfn 

b]jtfnfO{ lj/fhdfg u/fO{ kfFrtn] dlGb/ 

k|ffª\u0faf6 yg]-dflyNnf]_ / Sjg] -tNnf]_ 

6f]ndf tfg]/ n}hfg] k/Dk/f 5 . /y 

tfGg'cl3 e}/jgfysf] /ydf v8\u, t/af/ 

/ lgzfg /flvG5 . la:s]6 hfqfsf] 

klxnf] lbg 6f}d9Ll:yt kfFrtn] dlGb/ 

k|fª\u0faf6 e}/jgfy / eb|sfnLsf] /y 

Sjg] / yg]sf afl;Gbfn] /ysf] cufl8 

/ k5fl8af6 tfgftfg u/]/ cfcfk\mgf] 

6f]ntkm{ n}hfg] k/kDk/f 5 . hfqfsf] 

d'Vo cfsif{0f /y tfgftfg ug]{ qmddf 

yg]tkm{ klxnf tfg]/ nfg;s] bQfqo;Dd 

n}hfg] / ToxfFaf6 tfg]/ k'gM 6f}d9L x'Fb} 

Sjg]tkm{sf] 6]vfk'v';Dd NofO{ ToxfFaf6 

kmsf{P/ uMlx6Ldf /y k'¥ofOPkl5 

klxnf] lbgsf] hfqf ;DkGg x'G5 . 

To;}u/L klxn] Sjg]tkm{ tfg]/ nfg;s] 

6]vfk'v';Dd NofOg] / ToxfFaf6 k'gM 

6f}d9L x'Fb} bQfqo k'¥ofP/ ToxfFaf6 kmsf{O{ 

uMlx6Ldf /y k'¥ofpg'kg]{ k/Dk/f 5 . 

hfqfdf /y tfGg] k/Dk/fut dfu{ Sjg]tkm{ 

6f}d9L, a'n'Frf, 36\vf, gf;dgf, d'nfv', 

j+zuf]kfn / t]vfk'v';Dd tyf yg]tkm{ 

Sjf5]+, ;fsf]7f, ;'s'n9f]sf, uf]Nd9L, Ogfrf] 

/ bQfqo;Dd 5 . lj;+ @)&@ sf] e"sDkn] 

/y tfGg] dfu{sf 3/df Iflt k'¥ofPsf] / tL 

;+/rgf k'gMlgdf{0fsf r/0fdf /x]sfn] o; 

jif{ 6f}d9Laf6 Sjg]tkm{ a'n'Frf / yg]tkm{ 

;fsf]7f;Dd dfq /y tfGg] tof/L ePsf] 

k|lhc b|f]0f kf]v/]nn] hfgsf/L lbP . t];|f] 

lbg uMlx6Ldf e}/jgfynfO{ aln r9fO{ 

u'7L ;+:yfgåf/f ;/sf/L k"hf ul/G5 . 

pQm alnk"hfsf] df;' k|;fbsf ¿kdf 

nfs'nf5]jf;LnfO{ afFl8G5, h;nfO{ g]kfn 

efiffdf …:ofSjM TofSjMÚ elgG5 . hfqfsf] 

rf}yf] lbg laxfg tfnfSjl:yt s'dfn] 

6f]ndf Nxfd? Dx o;L+-xft gePsf] lnª\uf]_ 

pEofOG5 eg] ;fFemkvM tflGqs ljlwk"j{s 

bzsd{ ljwfg u/L %% xft nfdf] lnª\uf] 

e]n'v]nl:yt Nof]l;ª v]ndf pEofOG5 . 

k'/fgf] jif{ labfO / gofF jif{sf] 

cfudgsf] k"j{;GWofdf lnª\uf] pEofpg] 

ul/G5 . lnª\uf]sf] sf]vfdf em'08ØfOPsf 

b'O{ WjhfnfO{ jL/Wjhf / ljZjWjhf 

elgG5 . Pshf]8L Wjhf km'sfPkl5 Pp6f 

;+jT;/ km]l/g] x'gfn] aLrdf km'sfP/ x]g{ 

x'Fb}g eGg] dfGotf 5 . lnª\uf] pEofpg 

afFlwPsf cf7 8f]/LnfO{ ci6dflqsfsf] 

k|tLs dflgG5 . lnª\uf] pEofpg] qmddf 

gjb'uf{ b]ju0f pkl:yt x'G5 . lnª\uf] 

pEofpg] hfqf ;lsPkl5 tn]h'df b'dfh'sf] 

ljz]if hfqf / k"hf ug]{ rng 5 . lnª\uf] 

p7fPsf] x]gf{n] zq' gfz x'G5g\ eGg] 

dfGotfg';f/ o;nfO{ 

…zq'xGtf hfqfÚ klg elgG5 . o; 

lbg e}/jgfy / eb|sfnLsf] /y klg 

lnª\uf] pEofpg] :yfgdf k'¥ofOG5 . 

lnª\uf] p7fOgf;fy :yfgLo af/fxLb]jLsf] 

lt+KjfM hfqf dgfOG5 . hfqfsf] kfFrf}+F lbg 

j}zfv ! ut] lnª\uf] 9flnG5 . To;nuQ} 

vFnf 6f]ndf e}/jgfy / eb|sfnLsf] 

/ynfO{ Psfk;df h'wfOg] k/Dk/f 5 

nIdL uf¿ 

k'/fgf] jif{ labfO / gofF jif{sf] cfudgsf] k"j{;GWofdf lnª\uf] pEofpg] 

ul/G5 . lnª\uf]sf] sf]vfdf em'08ØfOPsf b'O{ WjhfnfO{ jL/Wjhf / 

ljZjWjhf elgG5 . Pshf]8L Wjhf km'sfPkl5 Pp6f ;+jT;/ km]l/g] x'gfn] 

aLrdf km'sfP/ x]g{ x'Fb}g eGg] dfGotf 5 . lnª\uf] pEofpg afFlwPsf 

cf7 8f]/LnfO{ ci6dflqsfsf] k|tLs dflgG5 . lnª\uf] pEofpg] qmddf 

gjb'uf{ b]ju0f pkl:yt x'G5 . lnª\uf] pEofpg] hfqf ;lsPkl5 tn]h'df 

b'dfh'sf] ljz]if hfqf / k"hf ug]{ rng 5 . lnª\uf] p7fPsf] x]gf{n] zq' 

gfz x'G5g\ eGg] dfGotfg';f/ o;nfO{ …zq'xGtf hfqfÚ klg elgG5 . o; 

lbg e}/jgfy / eb|sfnLsf] /y klg lnª\uf] pEofpg] :yfgdf k'¥ofOG5 . 

lnª\uf] p7fOgf;fy :yfgLo af/fxLb]jLsf] lt+KjfM hfqf dgfOG5 . 

h;nfO{ g]kfn efiffdf …BM Njflsu' hfqfÚ 

elgG5 . ;fFemkv b'dfh'b]jLsf] hfqf 

ul/G5 . clGtd lbg e}/jgfysf] /y 

uMlx6Laf6 klxnf] lbgdf h:tf] yg] / Sjg] 

6f]nsf afl;Gbfaf6 tfgftfg ul/G5 . 

lydLdf k|fKt g];+ %)) sf] 

td;'skqdf ljZjs]t'nfO{ ;Demfpg] 

kof{osf ¿kdf …lal;sÚ zAb pNn]v 

ePsf] kfOPsf] ;+:s[ltljb\ Pj+ Oltxf;ljb\ 

k|f 8f k'?iff]Qdnf]rg >]i7 atfpg'x'G5 . 

eQmk'/ 6f}d9Ll:yt oIf dNnsf] kfnfsf] 

lznfn]vdf klxnf] k6s hfqfnfO{ ;Daf]wg 

ubf{ …ljZjhfqfÚ egL pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . 

To;}u/L eQmk'/sf] /fhb/af/df 

g];+ *)* / *!* sf] /fhf hLtfldq / 

e"ktLGb| dNnsf kfnfdf lnlvt clen]vdf 

…la:SoftÚ zAb pNn]v 5 . ætn]h'df 

clxn];Dd rNg] la:sf hfqfsf] ;+sNk 

k"hfdf ljZjhfqf dxfkj{ eg]/ ;Daf]wg 

ul/G5Æ, pxfF eGg'x'G5, æoL k|df0fsf 

cfwf/df …ljZjs]t'Ú eg]sf] ;+:s[t 

zAb xf] . kl5Nnf] sfnv08df g]jf/L 

gfds/0fcg';f/ …lal;sÚ, …la:sÚ, 

…la:sfÚ x'g k'u]sf] xf] . To;}sf] cke|+z 

eP/ …la:s]6Ú x'g k'u]sf] xf] . g]jf/Ldf 

clxn] klg la:sf hfqf eGg] ul/G5 .Æ 

k|f 8f >]i7n] la:sf hfqf e}/jgfy / 

eb|sfnL;Fu dfq ;DalGwt /x]sf] / o;df 

k|rlnt ;k{ dfl/Psf] / gfugflugL;Fu 

hf]l8Psf] ls+jbGtL e|d dfq /x]sf] 

atfP . æof] hfqf ljZjgfy e}/jsf] dfq 

geO{ pgs} zlQm eb|sfnLsf] klg xf] . 

ljZj e}/jgfysf] k|tLs lnª\uf]df 

kmx/fOg] Pshf]8L xlnkt-Wjhf_ ;fIfft\ 

e}/j / eb|sfnLsf] xf] . o;nfO{ hah{:tL 

lasf] cy{ ;k{ / :oftsf] cy{ dfl/of] eGg] 

cy{df la:s, la:sf, la:s]6 rNb} cfPsf] 

ed| 5Æ, pgn] eg], ægjb'uf{ u0fnfO{ 

…lj Tj+s]u'Ú egL tflGqs ljlwk"j{s k'/fgf] 

/ut v'jfpg] k|rng clxn];Dd 5 . 

clxn];Dd rn]sf k|df0f, clen]v / 

dNnsfnLg /fhf hut\k|sfzb]lv zfxj+zLo 

/fhf lqe'jg / 1fg]Gb| tyf tTsfnLg 

k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] 

km]/]sf xlnkt x]g{] xf] eg] ljZjs]t', 

jL/Wjhf n]lvPsf] 5 . ljZjgfysf] Wjhf 

ljZjWjhf xf] . jL/ eg]/ e}/jsf] afxg 

jL/ a]tfnnfO{ elgPsf] xf] . of] Wjhf 

ljZjWjhf / jL/Wjhf dfGg ;lsG5 . 

o;df gfugflugL eGg' unt xf] .Æ 

la:s]6 hfqfdf klxnf] / clGtd 

lbg /y tfGg] / lnª\uf] p7fOg] a]nfdf 

x'g] ;Defljt em8k /f]Sg o; jif{ 

lbpF;f] g} e}/jsf] /y tfGg] tof/L 

ePsf] k|lhc kf]v/]nn] atfP . o; jif{ 

hfqfdf g]kfn k|x/Lsf kfFr ;o / ;z:q 

k|x/Lsf tLg ;o hgzlQm kl/rfng 

ul/g] 5 . hfqfdf pR5[ª\vn ultljlw 

ug]{sf] klxrfg ug{ ;fbf kf]zfsdf 

;'/IffsdL{ kl/rfng ul/g]5 . /ydf 

clgolGqt tl/sfn] cTolws dflg; r9\g] 

ubf{ /yaf6 v;]/ 3fOt] x'gfsf ;fy} 

lsr]/ Hofg;d]t hfg] u/]sfn] /ydf 

e}/j gfOs], u'yL / :yfgLo Snasf 

kbflwsf/L dfq r9\g] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . 

hfqfdf x'nb+uf ug]{sf] klxrfgsf nflu 

rf]srf]sdf l;;L Sofd]/f h8fg ul/g] 

5 . ;'/Iff Joj:yfdf vnn k'¥ofpg]nfO{ 

kqmfp u/L ;fj{hlgs ck/fw P]gcGtu{t 

sf/afxL ul/g] pgn]] atfP . 

hgk|ltlglwåf/f g} ;"rgfsf] xs sfof{Gjogdf a]jf:tf 

/flzkmn 

d]if 

j[if 

ldy'g 

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sfo{ ;kmn ;Gtf]if 

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cfFvfdf ;d:of 

cg'/f]w 

xfd|f] k|of; tkfO{+nfO{ s:tf] nflu/x]sf] 5 < tkfO{sf u'gf;f], 

cfnf]rgf / ;'emfjn] hg;jfnnfO{ :t/Lo aGg / ;xL af6f]df lxF8\g 

;xof]u ug]{5 . To;}n] xfdL tkfO{+sf] /rgfTds cfnf]rgf / cd"No 

;'emfjsf] ck]Iff u5f}{+, s[kof n]v]/ xfdLnfO{ k7fpg'xf];\ . n]Vg'xf];\, 

d'n'ssf ;d;fdlos 36gfqmdk|ltsf] cfk\mgf] k|ltlqmof, n]v /rgf;Fu} 

cfk\mgf] :ki6 kl/ro / tl:a/ klg tnsf] 7]ugfdf k7fpg' xf]nf . 

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e|i6frf/ Go'gLs/0f / ;'zf;g k|j4{gdf 

dxTjk"0f{ cf}hf/sf ¿kdf /x]sf] ;"rgsf] 

xs sfof{Gjog ug{ hgk|ltlglwx¿n] g} 

cfgfsfgL ul//x]sf] Ps cWoogn] b]vfPsf] 

5 . nfdf] ;do;Dd hgk|ltlglwljxLg 

ag]sf] :yfgLo txdf clxn] hgk|ltlglwn] 

g]t[Tj ul//x] klg pgLx¿n] ;"rgfsf] xs 

sfof{Gjogdf rf;f] b]vfPsf] b]lvFb}g . 

cleJolQm :jtGqtf tyf ;"rgfsf] xssf 

If]qdf nfdf] ;dob]lv lqmofzLn ;+:yf 

lk|m8d kmf]/dn] sl/a ;ft dlxgf nufP/ 

tof/ u/]sf] Ps k|ltj]bgcg';f/ d'n'se/sf 

&%# :yfgLo txdWo] !(* n] dfq ;"rgfsf] 

xsnfO{ cfTd;ft u/]sf 5g\ cyf{t ;"rgf 

dfusf] lgj]bgnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug]{ u/]sf 

5g\ . 

:yfgLo ;/sf/ kf/bzL{, hjfkmb]xL 

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jftfj/0f agf];\ eGg] ;bLIff /fvL b]zsf 

;a} :yfgLo txsf] sfo{kflnsf sfof{no;Fu 

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vf]lhP klg pgLx¿n] To;nfO{ c:jLsf/ 

ug{ vf]h]sf] b]lvG5 . t/, s]xL :yfgLo 

txn] eg] o;nfO{ ;xh} :jLsf/ u/]sf 5g\ . 

s"n &%# dWo] dWok'/lyld gu/kflnsf, 

Onfd gu/kflnsf, dxfnIdL gu/kflnsf 

nlntk'/, h'un ufpFkflnsf l;Gw'kfNrf]s, 

sdnfdfO{ gu/kflnsf l;Gw'nL, sLlt{k'/ 

gu/kflnsf sf7df8f}F, kfFrvfn gu/kflnsf 

sfe|] / lzj/fh gu/kflnsf slknj:t'n] 

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k|ltj]bg eG5, …;"rgf clwsf/Ln] g} ;xh} 

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xf] .Ú 

k|ltj]bgcg';f/ ;"rgfsf] xs 

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5 . k|b]z ! sf !#& :yfgLo txdWo] $& 

j6f cyf{t #$=%) k|ltztn] ;"rgf pknAw 

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b]lvPsf] 5 . k|b]z g+ @ sf !#^ :yfgLo 

txdWo] hDdf gf}j6f cyf{t ^=^! k|ltztn] 

dfqn] ;"rgf pknAw u/fPsf 5g\ . 

tYof+scg';f/ k|b]z g+ ! sf !#& :yfgLo 

txdWo] $&, k|b]z g+ @ sf !#^ :yfgLo 

txdWo] gf}, k|b]z g+ + # sf !!( txdWo] $^, 

k|b]z g+ $ sf *% :yfgLo txdWo] @!, k|b]z 

g+ % sf !)( :yfgLo txdWo] @*, k|b]z g+ ^ 

sf &( :yfgLo txdWo] !* / k|b]z g+ & sf 

** :yfgLo txdWo] @@ j6fn] dfq ;"rgf 

pknAw u/fPsf 5g\ . 

ægful/s tyf :yfgLo ;/sf/aLr Ps– 

cfk;df ljZjfl;nf] / /rgfTds ;xeflutfsf] 

jftfj/0f agf];\ eGg] ;bLIff /fvL b]zsf ;a} 

:yfgLo txsf] sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no;Fu 

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u/fpg vfh]sf lyof}F, To;nfO{ pxfFx¿n] 

c:jLsf/ ug{ vfh]sf] b]lvof], To;nfO{ xfdL 

lg/Gt/ knf]ck u5f}F,Æ lk|m8d kmf]/dsf k|d'v 

sfo{sf/L tf/fgfy bfxfnn] eg] . ;"rgfsf] 

xs;DaGwL /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o cEof;, 

g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df ;"rgfsf] xssf] dxTj, 

ljsf;, ;'zf;gsf nflu ;"rgfsf] xssf] 

s'df/ rf}nfufO{ 

gful/s ;xeflutf ;'lglZrt ug]{ / gful/s lgu/fgL ;lqmo agfpg] of] 

xs k|rngsf nflu ;+;f/sf !)# b]zn] o;;DaGwL P]g th'{df u/L sfof{Gjogdf 

NofPsf 5g\ eg] c¿ b]zx¿df klg o;;DaGwL P]g th'{df / ;+oGqut k|0ffnL 

ljsf;sf r/0fx¿ rln/x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnn] @)$& sf] ;+ljwfgdf o;nfO{ df}lns 

xssf ¿kdf Joj:yf u/]sf] ePklg o;sf] dxTj / dd{nfO{ cfTd;ft\ ug{ g;Sbf 

o;;DaGwL sfg"g th'{dfsf nflu em08} b'O{ bzs s'g'{k¥of] . lj;+ @)^$ df 

;"rgfsf] xs;DaGwL P]g hf/L ePklg o;sf] pRrtd cEof; cem} ug{ u/fpg 

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dxTjaf/] :yfgLo hgk|ltlglwnfO{ hfgsf/L 

lbg] p2]Zon] ;"rgf dfluP klg pgLx¿n] 

o;nfO{ c:jLsf/ ug{ vf]Hg' ;'zf;g sfod 

ug{ / kf/bzL{ aGg gvf]Hg' xf] eg]/ a'‰g'kg]{ 

pgsf] egfO 5 . 

/fli6«o ;"rgf cfof]usf cfo'Qm ls/0f 

kf]v/]nn] ;"rgfsf] xs Jofjxfl/s¿kdf 

sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] !) jif{ lalt;Sbf klg 

:yfgLo txn] ;"rgfsf] xsnfO{ cfTd;ft 

gug'{ jf sfof{Gjogdf a]jf:tf ug'{ nHhfsf] 

ljifo ePsf] atfP . pgsf] cg';f/ ca 

tL lgsfox¿nfO{ ;"rgfsf] xs sfof{Gjog 

u/fpg afWo kfl/g] 5 . lk|m8d kmf]/dn] 

:yfgLo txnfO{ ;"rgfsf] xssf] Jofjxfl/s 

k|of]u u/fpg] p2]Zon] /fli6«o ;"rgf lbj;sf] 

;Gbe{df ut ebf} % ut] tL lgsfox¿df 

Pp6} k|s[ltsf] !* a'Fb] ;"rgf dfu u/]sf 

lyof] . 

kmf]/dn] ;"rgfsf] xs;DaGwL P]gn] 

k|To]s :yfgLo txdf ;"rgf clwsf/L tf]Sg'kg]{ 

sfg"gL Joj:yf u/]sf] pNn]v ub}{ :yfgLo 

txx¿df ;"rgf clwsf/L tf]lsg'ePsf] 

5÷5}g, ;"rgfsf] xs;DaGwL P]g–@)^$ 

adf]lhd tLg÷tLg dlxgfdf :jtM 

;fj{hlgs ug'kg]{ @) k|sf/sf ;"rgfx¿ 

s]–s;/L ;fj{hlgs ub}{5, sfof{nodf 

;"zf;g P]g @)^$ adf]lhd ;fj{hlgs 

;'g'jfO ul/G5÷ul/Fb}g, sfof{non] ;"rgf 

Joj:yfkg;DaGwL s'g} lgb]{lzsf jf gLlt jf 

s'g} sfg"g agfPsf] 5÷5}g eGg] ljifodf 

;"rgf dfu u/L To;sf] Jofjxfl/s k|of]u 

u/fpg vf]h]sf] lyof] . 

To;}u/L, sfof{non] gful/s j8fkq 

/fv]sf] 5÷5}g, sfof{nosf] j]a;fO6 5÷5}g, 

lgjf{lrt kbflwsf/L tyf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] 

;DklQ ljj/0f ;+sng ul/Psf] 5÷5}g, 

sfof{nosf] lgdf{0f, cfk"lt{ / ;]jf;DaGwL 

lj1fkgsf nflu rfn" cfjdf slt ah]6 

5'§ofOPsf] 5, lj1fkg k|jfx ug{ s] s:tf] 

gLlt / sfo{qmd agfOPsf] 5, sfof{non] 

;~rfng ul/g] of]hgfx¿sf] kf/bzL{tfsf 

nflu of]hgf:yndf xf]l8{Ë af]8{ /fVg] 

gLlt 5÷5}g, sfof{non] cfk\mgf sfd– 

sf/afxLx¿df hg;xeflutf ;'lglZrt ug{ 

s'g} sfg"gL jf gLltut ;+/rgf agfPsf] 

5÷5}g nufotsf ljifodf ;"rgf dfu 

ul/Psf] lyof] . 

gful/s ;xeflutf ;'lglZrt ug]{ / 

gful/s lgu/fgL ;lqmo agfpg] of] xs 

k|rngsf nflu ;+;f/sf !)# b]zn] 

o;;DaGwL P]g th'{df u/L sfof{Gjogdf 

NofPsf 5g\ eg] c¿ b]zx¿df klg 

o;;DaGwL P]g th'{df / ;+oGqut k|0ffnL 

ljsf;sf r/0fx¿ rln/x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnn] 

@)$& sf] ;+ljwfgdf o;nfO{ df}lns 

xssf ¿kdf Joj:yf u/]sf] ePklg o;sf] 

dxTj / dd{nfO{ cfTd;ft\ ug{ g;Sbf 

o;;DaGwL sfg"g th'{dfsf nflu em08} b'O{ 

bzs s'g'{k¥of] . lj;+ @)^$ df ;"rgfsf] 

xs;DaGwL P]g hf/L ePklg o;sf] pRrtd 

cEof; cem} ug{ u/fpg ;lsPsf] 5}g . 

To;}n] ;"rgfsf] xssf] dxTj / o;n] 

l;h{gf ug]{ zlQmsf af/]df g]kfnL ;dfh 

cem} a]va/ h:t} 5 .

• hg;jfn ;+jfbbftf 

DofUbL– /3'u+uf ufpFkflnsf–& 

lrdvf]nfdf e"d]k"hfsf cj;/df 

k/Dk/fut 6f]kf gfr k|bz{g ul/Psf] 

5 . e"d] / d08nL k"hfsf cj;/df oxfF 

k/Dk/fut ¿kdf 6f]kf gfr b]vfpg] 

rng 5 . x/]s jif{ r}t dlxgfsf] 

clGtd ph]nL d+unaf/ ul/g] e"d] / 

d08nL k"hfdf 6f]naf6 dlxnfn] 6f]kf 

gfr lgsfNg] u5{g\ . ufpFsf] lz/df 

/x]sf] d08nL aHo}sf yfgdf dgf]sfdgf 

k"/f x'g] hgljZjf;n] lhNnfsf ljleGg 

If]qaf6 ;of}Fsf] ;+Vofdf eQmhg k'Ug] 

u/]sf 5g\ . 

k"hf / efsn k"/f ug{ lrdvf]nf 

k'u]sf eQmhg df}lns / k/Dk/fut 

snf ;+:s[ltsf] cjnf]sgaf6 nf]leP/ 

kms{g] u/]sf 5g\ . e"d]k"hf ug'{eGbf 

7Ls Ps dlxgf cufl8 ufpF;efaf6} 

e"d]sf nflu 5Øfª agfpg x/]s 

6f]naf6 b'O{ b'O{ dlxnf-5]df_ rog ug]{ 

/ pgLx¿n] e"d]k"hfsf] lbg pQm 5Øfª 

k|;fbsf ¿kdf ufpFn]nfO{ v'jfpg] 

6f]kf gfr k|bz{g 

j8fWoIf b'uf{axfb'/ k'gn] atfP . 

e"d]k"hfkl5 nf]kf]Gd'v ;]bf] uLt ufpFb} 

ufpF kmls{Pkl5 5]dfsf] ;xeflutfdf 

:yfgLojf;Ln] bf];|f] lbg 6f]kf gfr 

k|bz{g ug]{ rng /x]sf] cu|h snfsf/ 

naxfb'/ k'gn] atfP . 

……5]dfx¿n] 5Øfª v'jfPkl5 

e"d]nfO{ v'zL agfpg o'jfx¿ 

Psfk;df 5Øfªsf] 5f]qmf / vfgf 

ksfpFbf cfPsf] df];f] bn]/ /dfOnf] 

u5{g\, r'nf] 3'd]kl5 ;]bf] uLtdf 

gfrufg ub}{ ufpF kmls{g] u5f}FÆ, pgn]] 

eg]], ……o;} cj;/df P]ltxfl;s 6f]kf 

gfr b]vfpg] rng 5ÚÚ . 

e"d]k"hfsf cj;/df b]vfOg] gfr 

/ ufOg] efsfdf b]jLb]jtfnfO{ k'sfg]{ / 

;Defljt k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 d'lQm dfUg] 

rng 5 . k/Dk/fut ¿kdf b]jtfnfO{ 

v'zL agfpg] / :yfgLojf;LnfO{ 

dgf]/~hgsf nflu e"d]k"hfsf cj;/df 

6f]kf gfr, h'/]rNnf / ;d{hfn] / snz 

h'wfpg] b]vfpgfsf ;fy} ;]bf] / 

;flxFnf tyf ofgLdfof efsfdf uLt 

ufpg] ul/Psf] lrdvf]nfsf w|'js'df/ 

lhNnf c:ktfnd} cf}iflw cefj 

?s'd -h;_– lhNnfsf 

:jf:Yo ;+:yfdf lgMz'Ns ¿kdf 

kfOg] cf}iflw cefj ePsf] 5 . 

If]qLo sfof{non] lhNnfdf 

cf}iflw gk7fpFbf / :yfgLo 

txn] vl/b gubf{ oxfFsf :jf:Yo 

;+:yfdf cf}iflw sd x'Fb} uPsf] 

5 . lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{nodf 

&) k|sf/sf cf}iflw lgMz'Ns 

kfOg] eP klg xfn s'g} k|sf/sf 

cf}iflw gkfOPsf] u'gf;f] la/fdLn] 

u/]sf 5g\ . 

c:ktfndf cf}iflw 

;lsPkl5 la/fdL lghL :jf:Yo 

;+:yfaf6 rsf{] d"Nodf cf}iflw 

lsGg afWo 5g\ . pkrf/sf nflu 

ufpFaf6 lhNnf c:ktfn cfP 

klg gkfPkl5 ? b'O{ xhf/eGbf 

a9L xfn]/ lghL d]l8sn ;kaf6 

cf}iflw lsGg afWo ePsf] lqj]0fL 

ufpFkflnsf– & sf ynjL/ v8\ 

sfn] atfP . æd}n] la/fdLnfO{ 

rflxg] ;a} cf}iflw d]l8snaf6 

lsg]FÆ, pgn] eg], æc:ktfndf 

hfFr dfq eof], cf}iflw aflx/af6 

NofPF .Æ :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf cf}iflw 

cefj ePkl5 ljkGg ;d'bfonfO{ 

pkrf/ lng ;d:of ePsf] pgn] 

atfP . 

æc:ktfndf cf}iflw 5}gÆ, 

aflkmsf]6 ufpFkflnsf– # sL 

uLtf k'/Ln] elgg\, ælghL :jf:Yo 

;+:yfaf6 cf}iflw lsGg k};f 

5}g .Æ lhNnfdf /x]sf s]xL afFsL 

cf}iflw klg Ps xKtf;Ddsf 

nflu dfq ePsf] 8f ;'zLn 

kf]v/]nn] hfgsf/L lbP . æclxn] 

s;n] cf}iflw vl/b ug{] eGg] 

cGof]n ePsf] 5Æ pgn] eg], 

æo;n] ubf{ la/fdL ;d:ofdf 

k/]sf 5g\ .Æ lhNnf c:ktfnd} 

cf}iflw cefj x'Fbf oxfFsf 

ufpFufpFdf /x]sf :jf:Yorf}sLdf 

klg cf}iflw cefj ePsf] 5 . 

df}Hbf cf}iflw s/La dlxgf 

lbcl3 ;lsP klg :jf:Yo 

;+:yfdf cf}iflw k'Ug 

g;s]sf] :jf:Yorf}sLsf] egfO 

kfOhfn] atfP . 

x/]s 6f]naf6 gf}dtL afhf;lxt 

;fOnf], e}r ;fOnf] / ofgLdfof 

efsfdf gfuufg;lxt ufpF kl/qmdfkl5 

v]nd}bfgdf k'u]/ gfr k|bz{g ul/G5 . 

;f] cj;/df pQm gfr cjnf]sgsf 

nflu k'Ug] ufpFsf cu'jfn] cfdf 

;d"xsf] pTyfgsf nflu;xof]u u5{g\ 

eg] pgLx¿nfO{ ;Ddfg;lxt cfdf 

;d"xn] :jfut u5{ . cfk\mgf] ¿k 

kl/jt{g u/L dlxnfn] 6f]kf gfr 

b]vfPnuQ} h'/]rNnf, ;dfhf / snz 

h'wfpg] ul/Psf] snfsf/ 8]saxfb'/ 

kx/] k'gn] atfP . 

o'jfb]lv k|f}9;Ddsf JolQmn] o;df 

;xeflutf hgfpF5g\ . clxn] ljZje/ 

rlr{t yfnL gfrsf] z'?cft;d]t 

lrdvf]nfaf6} ePsf] xf] . k/Dk/fut 

snf;+:s[lt hu]gf{ ug{ / gofF k':tfdf 

x:tfGt/0fsf nflu tfnLnufot 

sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ cIfosf]if 

:yfkgf ug{ cfjZos /x]sf] e"d]k"hfdf 

hGdynf] kmls{Psf ;dfh;]jL adaxfb'/ 

k'gn] atfP . 

5 . oxfF Ps lhNnf c:ktfn, 

$! :jf:Yorf}sL / b'O{ k|fylds 

pkrf/ s]Gb| 5g\ . pgLx¿n] 

;fdfGo k/fdz{ / hfFr u/]/ lghL 

:jf:Yo ;+:yfdf k7fpg] u/]sf 

5g\ . a]nf a]nf If]q / s]Gb|df 

hfgsf/L u/fOP klg cf}iflwsf] 

k"lt{ x'g g;s]sf] lhNnf :jf:Yo 

sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . 

…:jf:Yo ;]jf ;a}nfO{, 

hlxn] klg, hxfF klgÚ eGg] gf/f 

eP klg gf/fd} ;Lldt ePsf] 

d'l;sf]6–@ sf xl/axfb'/ v8\ 

sfn] atfP . la/fdLn] hlxn] / 

hxfFdf pkrf/ gkfPsf] pgsf] 

u'gf;f] 5 . xfn lhNnf c:ktfn 

;Nn]df b}lgs Ps ;oeGbf a9L 

la/fdL cfpg] u/]sf] atfOPsf] 

5 . æca la/fdL cfpg] ;do 

xf]Æ, 8f kf]v/]nn] eg], æcf}iflw 

r}t dlxgf;Dd klg d'lZsn 

5 .Æ o:tf] cj:yfdf cf}iflw 

k'¥ofpg lgs} ;d:of ePsf] 

pgn] atfP . 

df]km;n 

UffpF3/df 

ljif'sf] r6f/f] 

bfr'{nf -h;_– gofF jif{ @)&% sf] :jfut 

ug{ cyf{t\ ljif' kj{ dgfpgsf nflu ufpF3/df 

tof/L tLj| kfl/Psf] 5 . gofF jif{sf] klxnf] 

lbg j}zfv ! ut]nfO{ ljif' kj{sf ¿kdf 

eJotfsf ;fy dgfpg] k/Dk/fut rng 

/xFb} cfPsf] 5 . bfr{'nf dfq geO k|b]z g+ 

& sf cGo lhNnfdf ;d]t ljif' kj{ k|d'v 

rf8sf ¿kdf dgfpg] ul/G5 . ljif' kj{ 

dgfpgsf ljb]z uPsfx¿ clxn] 3/ kms{g 

yfn]sf 5g\ . d'Votof /f]huf/Lsf] l;nl;nfdf 

ef/tsf] ljleGg zx/df uPsfx¿ 3/ kms{g] 

qmd a9]sf] 5 . lhNnfsf] vn+uf, bQ' / 

hf}nhLjL gfsfaf6 b}lgs ¿kdf /f]huf/Lsf] 

l;nl;nfdf ef/tsf] ljleGg zx/ uPsfx¿ 

kms{g] qmd hf/L 5 . 

u|fdL0f If]qdf ljif' kj{sf] tof/L tyf 

;fdfgsf] hf]xf] ug{] r6f/f] rln/x]sf] 5 . ljif'sf 

nflu ;fdfg vl/b ug{ ;LdfjtL{ ahf/df 

:yfgLojf;Lsf] eL8 nfUg] u/]sf] 5 . lhNnfsf] 

dfdf{ If]qsf] u'Nh/df ljif' hfqf;d]t nfUg] 

u5{ . k|frLgsfndf ;~rf/ ;fwgsf] cefjdf 

k/b]zLsf] /}jf/ 3/;Dd gk'Ug] cj:yfdf 

jif{df Ps k6s clgjfo{ ¿kdf ljif' kj{df 

3/ k'Ug' kg{] afWotf lyof] . ljif' kj{df /fd|f] 

kl/sf/, kl/xgsf ;fy} /dfOnf] ug]{ rng 5 . 

…nfª\6fª ;flxTo ofqfÚ 

j}zfv @( b]lv 

/;'jf -h;_– ljqmd 

;+jt\ @)&@ sf] e"sDksf] 

c;/n] klx/fdf k'l/P/ lbj+ut 

afl;Gbfsf] ;Demgf ub}{ cfufdL 

j}zfv clGtdf ;ftfb]lv 

nfª\6fª ;flxTo ofqf x'g] ePsf] 

5 . nfª\6fªleqsf] nfª\6fª 

ufpF k'l/Fbf lbj+ut :yfgLojf;L, 

ko{6s / kyk|bz{s;d]tsf] 

;Demgf ub}{ /;'jf ;|i6f ;dfhsf] 

cfof]hgfdf j}zfv @( ut] 

;flxlTos ;|i6fåf/f sljtf 

jfrg ul/g] / lrqsnf 

sf]l/g] ;flxTosf/ km'kf{ tfdfªn] 

atfP . 

sljtfsf dfWodaf6 

lbj+utx¿sf] ;Demgf ug]{, 

nfª\6fª kbdfu{ ;'/lIft 5 eGg] 

;Gb]z k|jfx ug]{, ko{6g k|j4{g 

ug]{ / jftfj/0fsf ;fy} h}ljs 

ljljwtf ;+/If0fdf hfu/0f 

Nofpg] d'Vo p2]Zosf ;fy 

sfo{s|d ug{ nfluPsf] hgfOPsf] 

5 . e"sDksf sf/0f klx/f] 

cfpFbf !&% :yfgLojf;L / s]xL 

ljb]zL ko{6s tyf kyk|bz{ssf] 

lgwg ePsf] lyof] . 

SofGh]g u'Daf k'gMlgdf{0f 

e"sDksf sf/0f k"0f{¿kdf 

Iflt ePsf] Sofª\hj]g u'Daf 

k'gMlgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . ;d'b|L 

;txb]lv tLg xhf/ ()) 

ld6/sf] prfOdf cjl:yt 

ko{6sLo If]q nfª\6fª If]qsf] 

Sofª\h]g u'Daf bftfx¿sf] 

;xof]udf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 

nfª\6fª k'gMlgdf{0f Joj:yfkg 

;ldltsf cWoIf t]Daf nfdfn] 

hfgsf/L lbP . 

5 ;o jif{ k'/fgf] 

SofGh]g u'Dafdf e"sDkn] k"/} 

Iflt k'¥ofPkl5 $) jif{ 

cufl8b]lv nfª\6fªjf;L;Fu 

k|uf9 ;DaGw agfPsL hfkfgL 

cfof cfsf;Lsf] ? () nfv 

;xof]uaf6 k'gMlgdf{0f ul/Psf] 

atfOPsf] 5 . P]ltxfl;s 

u'Daf ePsfn] klxnfsf] :j¿k 

glau|g] u/L :yfgLo nfdfu'?sf] 

k|ToIf /]vb]vdf 9'+uf sf6]/ 

leqL efudf l;d]G6 h8fg, 

aflx/ sf6]sf] 9'+ufsf] ufx|f], 

5fgfdf sfnf :n]6 9'+uf nufO{ 

lgdf{0f ePsf] cWoIf nfdfn] 

hfgsf/L lbP . 

u'Daf lgdf{0fn] :yfgLo 

af}4wdf{jnDaLnfO{ lgoldt 

k"hfd+unaf/fdf ;xh ePsf] 

;dfh;]jL l908"k tfdfªn] 

atfP . SofGh]g k'Ug] ko{6snfO{ 

;d]t P]ltxfl;s u'Daf cjnf]sg 

ug{ ;xh ePsf] 5 . Sofª\h]g 

u'Dafdf xf]6]nsf] Joj:yfkgn] 

casf lbgdf ko{6ssf] cfudg 

a9\g] :yfgLo Joj;foLn] ck]Iff 

u/]sf 5g\ . 

b'3{6gfdf P3f/ 3fOt] 

lrtjg -h;_– k"jL{ 

lrtjgsf] /fKtL gu/kflnsfl:yt 

k"j{klZrd /fhdfu{df d+unaf/ 

5'§f5'§} b'O{ 36gf x'Fbf !! hgf 

3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . tLdWo] b'O{ 

hgfsf] cj:yf uDeL/ 5 . 

lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no lrtjgsf 

cg';f/ /fKtL gu/kflnsf– # 

em'/em'/]df k"j{tkm{ hfFb} u/]sf] n' 

! v *($^ g+ sf] a;n] ljk/Lt 

lbzftkm{ cfpFb} u/]sf] gf %# k 

&*#! g+ sf] df]6/;fOsnnfO{ 

laxfg 7Ss/ lbPsf] lyof] . 

rfns dsjfgk'/, dgxl/sf 

@% jifL{o d+unl;+x tfdfª / 

;f]xL 7fpFsf df]6/;fOsn k5fl8 

;jf/ @) jifL{o ;+hf]u tfdfª 

uDeL/ 3fOt] ePsfdf k'/fgf] 

d]l8sn sn]h e/tk'/df pkrf/ 

eO/x]sf] 5 . 

;f]xL 7fpF glhs} d+unaf/ 

laxfg gf/fo0fu9tkm{ cfpFb} 

u/]sf] af # v &#*^ g+ sf] 

ofq'jfxs a; clgolGqt eO{ 

;8sdf klN6Fbf gf}hgf 3fOt] 

ePsf lyP . 

pv'sf] tftf] /; v:bf d[To' 

sn}of -h;_–af/fsf] sn}of pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+ @$ 

>Lk'/l:yt l/nfOG; ;'u/ldndf pv'sf] tftf] /; aUg] 6Øfª\sL km'6\ 

bf tftf] /; hLpdf v;]/ Ps hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 eg] bh{gf}F 3fOt] 

ePsf 5g\ . d+unaf/ laxfg ;f] 6Øfª\sL crfgs km'6\bf 7]ufgf 

gv'n]sf ef/tLo sfdbf/ cGbfhL $% jifL{o /fd :g]xLsf] d[To' ePsf] 

af/f k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . uDeL/ 3fOt] :g]xLsf] sn}of c:ktfndf 

d[To' ePsf] k|x/L gfoa pk/LIfs e'g]Zj/ ;fxn] hfgsf/L lbP . 

3fOt]dWo] /d]z ofbjsf] cj:yf lrGtfhgs /x]sf] c:ktfn ;|f]tn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . 

@)&$ r}t @* ut], a'waf/ 


ljb]z 

dn]l;ofsf] /fli6«o 

cfdlgjf{rg d] ( df x'g] 

Sjfnfndk'/ -PPkmkL_– dn]l;ofdf 

/fli6«o cfdlgjf{rg cfpFbf] d] ( tfl/vsf lbg 

x'g] ePsf] 5 . æcfpFbf] d] ( tfl/vsf lbg 

dtbfgsf] lbg x'g]5Æ, lgjf{rg cfof]usf cWoIf 

df]xDdb xl;d cAb'Nnfxn] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf 

eg] .lgjf{rg cufl8 !! lbgdfq} lgjf{rg 

k|rf/k|;f/sf nflu ;do tf]lsPsf] pgn] 

hfgsf/L lbP . z'qmaf/ ;DkGg dlGqkl/ifb\ 

sf] ljz]if a}7skl5 k|wfgdGqL gflha /hfsn] 

/fi6«sf gfddf ;Daf]wg ub{} cfkm"n] zlgaf/ ;+;b\ 

lj36g ug{] hfgsf/L lbPsf lyP .dn]l;ofsf] 

;+ljwfgcg';f/ ;+;b\ lj36g u/]kl5 To;sf] 

a9Ldf ^) lbgleq}df csf]{ ;+;b\sf] lgjf{rg 

ul/;Sg'kg{] k|fjwfgcg';f/ gofF lgjf{rgsf] 

ldlt 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] xf] . cfufdL lgjf{rgaf6 

dn]l;ofnL dtbftfx?n] @@@ ;b:oLo ;+;b\ 

sf] tNnf] ;bgsf ;b:ox? rog ug]{5g\ . 

clxn] tf]lsPsf] lgjf{rgdf jt{dfg k|wfgdGqL 

/hfsn] klg pDd]bjf/L lbg] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 

dn]l;ofnL ;~rf/dfWodn] hgfPsf 5g\ . 

dn]l;of :jtGq ePkl5sf k|foM ;a} 

lgjf{rgdf dn]l;ofnL /fhgLlts bn o'gfO6]8 

dnfofh\ g]zgn cu{gfOh];gn] g} ;+;bLo 

lgjf{rgdf lht xft kfb{} cfPsf] 5 . ;f] 

kf6L{sf] cWoIf klg jt{dfg k|wfgdGqL /hfs g} 

x'g\ .pQm bnn] csf]{ Ps ;fgf] ;Qf u7aGwg 

bn al/;g g]zgn;Fusf] ;xsfo{df k|foM x/]s 

;+;bLo lgjf{rg lht]/ zf;g ub{} cfPsf] 

5 . ca x'g] lgjf{rgdf klg ;f]xL u7aGwgn] 

g} ;/sf/ u7g ug{ ;Sg]u/L ;'ljwfhgs 

ax'dt Nofpg] ljZn]ifsx?n] cg'dfg u/]sf 

5g\ . ljleGg k|s/0fsf sf/0f rrf{df /x]sf 

k|wfgdGqL /hfs g]t[Tjsf] u7aGwgsf] s8f 

clUg k/LIffsf] ?kdf o; lgjf{rgnfO{ x]l/Psf] 

5 . k|wfgdGqL /hfsnfO{ k|efjzfnL k"j{ g]tf 

dxfly/ df]xDdbn] r'gf}tL lbg] ljZn]ifsx?n] 

atfPsf 5g\ . /hfss} bnsf ;+:yfks tyf 

cfw'lgs dn]l;ofsf ljsf;sf cu'jf df]xDdb 

csf]{ kf6L{af6 lgjf{rgdf n8\g nfu]sfn] 

pxfFnfO{ s8f r'gf}tLsf ?kdf x]l/Psf] xf] . 

g]tf df]xDdbn] kf6L{leqsf] ljjfbkl5 ;g\ 

@)!^ df cfkm}Fn] :yfkgf u/]sf] o'PdPgcf] bn 

5f]8]/ ljkIfL bndf uPsf 5g\ . oxL r'gfjnfO{ 

nlIft u/L dn]l;ofsf] ;+;b\n] e|fds ;dfrf/ 

n]Vg]nfO{ a9Ldf 5 jif{;Dd h]n ;hfo ug]{ 

sfg"gL Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . lgjf{rgsf] a]nf 

e|fds ;dfrf/sf] b'?kof]u x'g] ;DefjgfnfO{ 

dWogh/ u/L o:tf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] ;/sf/L 

clwsf/Lx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . dn]l;ofsf] 

;Qf?9 bnsf g]tfx?n] of] sfg"gL Joj:yf;Fu} 

dn]l;ofdf e|fds ;dfrf/ n]Vg] qmd k"/} 36\g] 

ljZjf; JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . k|wfgdGqL /hfssf] 

k|zf;gn] :jR5 cfnf]rgfsf nflu gofF sfg"gL 

Joj:yfn] s'g} c;/ gkfg]{ bfaL u/]sf] 5 . 

t/ ljkIfLx?n] eg] e|fds ;dfrf/ 

lgoGq0f ug]{ gfddf k|]; :jtGqtf g} s'l07t 

u/fpg nfluPsf] eGb} lj/f]w hgfPsf 

5g\ . pgLx?n] clxn]sf] sfg"g nfu" ePkl5 

cleJolQm :jtGqtf v'lDrgn] / b08 ;hfo 

klg cTolws w]/} /flvPsf] eGb} cfnf]rgf u/]sf 

5g\ . gofF sfg"gsf af/]df clwsf/sdL{x?, 

k|]; :jtGqtf;DjGwL ;d"xx? / ljkIfLx?n] 

rsf]{ cfqmf]z kf]lv/x]sf 5g\ . sfg"gdf e|fds 

;dfrf/nfO{ ljZjJofkL ;d:ofsf ¿kdf 

lrlqt ub}{ b08 / ;hfosf] Joj:yf cTofjZos 

ePsf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . o;nfO{ ;QfkIfn] 

r'gfj lhTg] k|d'v xltof/sf ?kdf k|of]u ug{ 

nfluPsf] cfnf]rsx?sf] l6Kk0fL 5 . 

ef/tdf km]l/ csf]{ 

b'3{6gf !*sf] d[To', !% 3fOt] 

gofFlbNnL -l;GXjf_– ef/tdf ljBfno 

a; b'3{6gfdf k/L sDtLdf #) hgfsf] d[To' 

ePsf] ef]lnkN6 b'vb 6«s b'3{6gf ePsf] 5 . 

d+unaf/ laxfg ePsf] b'3{6gfdf k/L sDtLdf 

!* hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 eg] !% hgf 3fOt] 

ePsf 5g\ . ;8ssf] l8efO8/df 9f]lSsP/ 

b'3{6gf x'Fbf 6«sdf /x]sf dhb'/x?sf] d[To' ePsf] 

clwsf/Lx?n] hgfPsf 5g\ . ef/tsf] dxf/fi6« 

/fHosf] k'g]b]lv ;t/f;Ddsf] /fhdfu{df kg]{ 

k'g] lhNnfs} vfG8fnf eGg] 7fpFdf 6«s b'3{6gf 

ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . 

36gf:yn dxf/fi6« k|b]zsf] /fhwfgL 

d'DaO{b]lv *! lsnf]ld6/ k"j{tkm{ k5{ . æ;fdfg 

af]Sg] Pp6f 6«sn] $) hgf dhb'/nfO{ af]s]/ 

NofO/x]sf] lyof], Tof] 6«s cfh laxfg vfG8fnf 

eGg] 7fpFdf b'3{6gfdf k/]sf] 5Æ, k'g]sf Pshgf 

k|x/L clwsf/Ln] l;GXjf;Fu 6]lnkmf]gdf eg] . 

pgn] yk :ki6 kfb}{ eg], æ6«s b'3{6gfdf k/L 

!* hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 eg] c? !% hgf 

3fOt] ePsf 5g\ .Æ clwsf/Lx?sf cg';f/ 

b'3{6gfdf k/]sf tL dhb'/x? 6«sdf r9]/ 

b}lgs dhb'/Lsf nflu sfo{:yntkm{ hfFb} u/]sf 

lyP . 

3fOt]x? ;a}nfO{ :yfgLo ;t/f gful/s 

c:ktfndf egf{ ul/Psf] 5 . pkrf/ 

eO/x]sf 3fOt]dWo] ;fthgfsf] cj:yf uDeL/ 

/x]sf] c:ktfnsf clwsf/Lx?sf] egfO 5 . 

36gf:yndf k'u]/ k|x/Ln] pgLx?nfO{ p4f/ 

u/]/ c:ktfn k'¥ofPsf] lyof] . k|x/Ln] 

36gfsf af/]df cg';Gwfg z'? ul/;lsPsf] 

/ bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL ul/g] hgfPsf] 5 . 

k|f/lDes ljj/0fx?sf cg';f/ rfnsn] lgoGq0f 

u'dfPsfn] 6«s l8efO8/df 7f]lSsP/ b'3{6gf 

ePsf] xf] . o;cl3 ut ;f]daf/ lxdf~rn 

k|b]zdf ePsf] ljBfno a; b'3{6gfdf k/L #) 

hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] lyof] eg] @& hgf 3fOt] 

ePsf lyP . 

d[To' x'g] / 3fOt] x'g]x?dWo] clwsf+z 

!) jif{ d'lgsf afnaflnsf /x]sf atfOPsf] 

5 . sfFu8f lhNnfsf] g'/k'/l:yt jlh/ /fdl;+x 

k7gLo d]df]l/on :s"nsf em08} $) hgf 

ljBfyL{ lnP/ uO/x]sf] a; b'3{6gf ePsf] xf] . 

;8saf6 em08} @)) lkm6 tn ulx/f] vf]Frdf 

v;]sf] a; b'3{6gfdf k/L d[To' ePsfdWo] @& 

hgf ljBfyL{, b'O{hgf lzIfs / Pshgf a; 

rfns /x]sf 5g\ . ef/t ;+;f/d} ;a}eGbf a9L 

;8s b'3{6gf x'g] d'n'sdWo]df k5{ . rfnssf] 

nfk/jfxL tyf ;8s / ;jf/L ;fwg /fd|f];Fu 

dd{t gul/Fbf clwsf+z b'3{6gf x'g] u/]sf] 

clwsf/Lx?sf] egfO 5 . 

/f;folgs cfqmd0faf6 3fOt] 

o'lnof c:ktfnaf6 lkmtf{ 

n08g, @& r}t -PPkmkL_– /f;folgs 

cfqmd0faf6 3fOt] ePsL ?;sf k"j{ u'Ktr/sL 

5f]/L o'lnof :s[kfn ;f]daf/ c:ktfnaf6 3/ 

lkmtf{ ePsf 5g\ . 3fOt] x'g]lalQs} c:ktfn 

egf{ ul/PsL pgsf] :jf:Yo cj:yfdf 

;Gtf]ifhgs ;'wf/ cfPkl5 3/ lkmtf{ ul/Psf] 

c:ktfnsf clwsf/Lx?n] hgfPsf 5g\ . 

pgL ;lxt pgsf] a'af ;]u]{O :s[kfnnfO{ 

ut dlxgf dfr{ $ tfl/vsf lbg ;ln:a'/Ldf 

/f;folgs cfqmd0f ePsf] lyof] . lala;Ln] 

n]v]sf] ;dfrf/cg';f/ ## jifL{of 5f]/LnfO{ 

c:ktfnaf6 3/ k7fOP klg pgsf ^^ jifL{o 

a'af ;]u]{OnfO{ eg] cem} s]xL lbg c:ktfnd} 

/fv]/ pkrf/ ul/g] ePsf] 5 . 

36gfsf] cg';Gwfg ul//x]sf] 

d]6«f]kf]ln;n] eg] o; ljifodf s]xL k|ltlqmof 

glbPsf] ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 . o;cl3 

ut xKtf o'lnofsf] tkm{af6 hf/L ul/Psf] 

lj1lKtdf cfkm\gf] :jf:Yodf ;'wf/ cfO/x]sf] 

/ To;n] cfkm"nfO{ v'zL agfPsf] pNn]v 

ul/Psf] lyof] . pgn] cfkm" Ps xKtfcl3 dfq 

xf];df cfPsf] lj1lKtdf pNn]v u/]sf lyP . 

/f;folgs kbfy{ k|of]u u/L cfqmd0f ul/Psf] 

pQm 36gfn] cGt/f{li6«o s"6gLlts ;+s6 

lgDTofPsf] 5 . 

pgLx?dfly ePsf] cfqmd0fdf ?; 

lhDd]jf/ /x]sf] a]nfotn] cf/f]k nufPkl5 

s"6gLlts ;+s6 km}lnPsf] xf] . ?;n] eg] 

a]nfotsf] cf/f]ksf] k6s k6s v08g ub}{ 

cfO/x]sf] 5 . oxL cf/f]k k|Tof/f]ksf aLrdf 

?;sf s}of}F s"6gLlt1x? ljleGg b]zaf6 

lgsflnPsf 5g\ eg] ?;n] klg ljleGg b]zsf 

s"6gLlt1x?nfO{ cfkm\gf] b]zaf6 lgsfnf 

u/]sf] 5 . 

;'lIft ekbf]{ 

j}b]lzs f]hufLsf] nflu 

xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];\ . 

lk; g]kfn cf]el;h k|f=ln= 

>d Ohfht g+= ^%*÷)^#÷)^$ 

wfkf;L, sf7df8f}+ 

kmf]g M )!–$#*@@%!

{ 

@)&$ r}t @* ut], a'waf/ 


dgf]/~hg÷v]ns'b 

l8lkPn M l6d rf}/fx wgu9L kmfOgndf 

dx]Gb|gu/ o'gfO6]8 ?:nfg l8kLPn @ sf] bf];|f] Sjflnkmfo/df 

wgu9L -h;_– v]nsf] clGtd 

cf]e/sf] kfFrf}F andf ;D;fb z]vn] 

5Ssf k|xf/ u/]kl5 l6d rf}/fx wgu9L 

oxfF hf/L ?:nfg wgu9L lk|ldo/ lnul8lkPn_ 

lqms]6 k|ltof]lutfsf] kmfOgn 

k|j]z u/]sf] 5 . lhtsf nflu b'O{ andf 

^ /g cfjZos /x]sf] cj:yfdf wgu9Ln] 

sf7df8f}F uf]N8]G;nfO{ Ps ljs]6n] k/flht 

ub}{ ? @% nfv k'/:sf/sf nflu kmfOgndf 

:yfg kSsf u/]sf] xf] . 

k|b]z g+ & sf] ;+3Lo OsfO k|x/L 

sfof{nosf] v]n d}bfgdf l6d rf}/fx 

wgu9Ln] 6; lhTb} lkmlN8ª /f]h]sf] lyof] . 

sf7df8f}F uf]N8]G;n] Aofl6ª ub}{ l6d rf}/fx 

wgu9L;fd' Ps ;o @* /gsf] ljhoL nIo 

k|:t't u/]sf] lyof] . wgu9Ln] Ps an 

afFsL 5Fb} gf} ljs]6sf] Ifltdf pQm ljhoL 

nIo k"/f u¥of] . 

wgu9Lsf nflu /f]xg d':tkmfn] 

;jf{lws ## /g agfP . pgn] @) andf 

Ps 5Ssf / b'O{ rf}sf k|xf/ u/] . z+s/ 

/fgfn] #( andf b'O{ rf}sf;lxt @* /g 

agfP . ;f]g' tfdfªn] Ps 5Ssf / Ps 

rf}sf;lxt !) andf !$ tyf ;'lgn 

wdnfn] !# /gsf] of]ubfg lbP . 

alnªtkm{ sf7df8f}Fsf ;GgL k6]n, 

/lzb vfg / zfxj cfndn] b'O{÷b'O{ ljs]6 

lnP . ;'jf]y ef6L / nlntgf/fo0f /fhj+zLn] 

Ps÷Ps ljs]6 lnP . o;cl3 6; xf/]/ 

Aofl6ª u/]sf] sf7df8f}F uf]N8]G;n] lgwf{l/t 

@) cf]e/sf] v]ndf gf} ljs]6 u'dfP/ Ps 

;o @& /g agfof] . sf7df8f}Fsf nflu 

sKtfg 1fg]Gb| dNnn] ;jf{lws #* /gsf] 

of]ubfg lbP . pgn] @# andf b'O{ 5Ssf / 

tLg rf}sf k|xf/ u/] . k|f/lDes Aof6\;Dofg 

cldt >]i7n] #* andf Ps 5Ssf / b'O{ 

rf}sf;lxt #^ /g agfP . k'ik yfkfn] 

cljlht !^ tyf e"k]Gb| yfkfn] !) /g 

agfP . alnªtkm{ wgu9Lsf nflu sKtfg 

;f]dkfn sfdL / nlntl;+x e08f/Ln] 

b'O{÷b'O{ tyf /f]xg d':tkmf, ;'lgn wdnf / 

;D;fb z]vn] Ps÷Ps ljs]6 lnP . 

dx]Gb|gu/ o'gfO6]8 ?:nfg l8kLPn @ sf] 

bf];|f] Sjflnkmfo/df 

dx]Gb|gu/ o'gfO6]8 ?:nfg l8kLPn 

@ sf] bf];|f] Sjflnkmfo/df k'u]sf] 5 . 

d+unaf/ ePsf] Olnldg]6/ v]ndf ;LjfO{;L 

cQ/LofnfO{ !% /gn] k/flht ub}{ dx]Gb|gu/ 

Sjflnkmfo/df k'u]sf] xf] . dx]Gb|gu/ 

o'gfO6]8n] lbPsf] !#! /gsf] nIo k5\ 

ofPsf] ;LjfO{;Ln] lgwfl{|t @) cf]e/df $ 

ljs]6 u'dfpFb} !!% /gdf ;d]6LPsf] xf] . 

cQl/ofsf nflu z'jf; v's'/]nn] ;jf{lws 

#) /g agfP eg] sKtfg lbk]Gb| l;+x 

P]/Ln] @&, ljkLg rGb g6cfp6 @*, uf}/j 

lrTsf/fn] !$ /gsf] of]ubfg lbP . !#! 

/gsf] nIo k5\ofPsf] cQl/ofnfO{ !!% 

/gdf ;d]6\g] qmddf dx]Gb|gu/sf nflu 

/f]ljg If]qLn] @ ljs]6 lnP eg] e'jg sfsL{ 

/ k'lgt d]x/fn] ;dfg Ps–Ps ljs]6 

lnPsf lyP . 

o;cl3sf] klxnf] Olgªdf dx]Gb|gu/n] 

lgwf{l/t @) cf]e/df & ljs]6 u'dfpb} !#) 

/g hf]8]sf] lyof] . dx]Gb|gu/sf cfl/km 

z]vn] #% /g agfPsf lyP eg] k'lgt 

d]x/fn] @^, s/0f s];L @$, cfl;km z]v 

!! / /f]lxt s'df/ kf}8]nn] !! /g agfPsf 

lyP . cQ/Lofsf nflu sdn l;x+ P]/Ln] @ 

ljs]6 lnP . 

s[i0f sfsL{, lbk]Gb| l;+x P]/L, ljkLg 

rGb, ;'ef+s/ p/f] / lagf]b nfdfn] 

Ps,Ps ljs]6 lnPsf lyP . of] v]n 

lht];Fu} dx]Gb|gu/ o'gfO6]8 l8kLPnsf] 

bf];|f] Sjflnkmfo/df k|j]z u/]sf] 

5 . ca k|ltof]lutfsf] bf];|f] Sjflnkmfo/df 

dx]Gb|gu/ o'gfO6]8 sf7df8f}F uf]N8]G;;Fu 

a'waf/ v]g] 5 . bf];|f] Sjflnkmfo/sf] ljh]tf 

l6d l8lkPn @ sf] pkflwsf nflu wgu9L 

l6d rf}/fxf;Fu v]Ng] 5 . 

Plzof sk lqms]6sf] 

cfof]hgf ef/taf6 o'PO{df ;of]{ 

sf7df8f}+ -h;_– cfufdL ;]K6]Da/df 

x'g] Plzof sksf] cfof]hgf ;+o'Qm c/a 

Old/]6\; -o'PO{_n] ug]{ ePsf] 5 . o;cl3 

ef/tn] cfof]hgf ug]{ elgPsf] of] 

k|ltof]lutf o'PO{nfO{ cfof]hgf ug{ lbPsf] 

PlzofnL lqms]6 af]8{n] hgfPsf] 5 . 

ef/tLo / kfls:tfgaLr ;DaGw lalu|Psf 

sf/0f k|ltof]lutf o'PO{n] cfof]hgf ug{ 

nfu]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . 

Plzof skdf cf;L;Lsf :yfoL 

;b:osf] ?kdf ef/t, kfls:tfg, >Ln+sf, 

a+unfb]z / ckmuflg:tfgn] efu lng] 

kSsf ePsf] 5 eg] 5}7f} l6dsf] 5gf}6 

Kn]ckm v]ndf x'g] 5 . 

Kn]ckmsf nflu g]kfn;lxt o'PO{, 

xªsª, l;+ufk'/, dn]l;of / cf]dfgn] 

k|ltikwf{ ug]{ 5g\ . k|ltof]lutfsf] ;Defljt 

ldlt ;]K6]Da/ !# b]lv @* ;Dd atfOPsf] 

5 . o;cl3sf] Plzof sk ef/tn] lht]sf] 

lyof] . 

eQmk'/ km'6an ;+3df ;'hv" 

gu/sf]6 -h;_– eQmk'/ lhNnf 

km'6an ;+3sf cWoIfdf uf}td ;'hv" 

k'gM ;j{;Ddt lgjf{lrt ePsf 5g\ . 

d+unaf/ ePsf] kfFrf}F lhNnf clwj]zgn] 

gf} ;b:oLo sfo{;ldlt r'g]sf] 5 . 

;f]cg';f/ pkfWoIfåodf /fds[i0f 

k|hfklt / /jLGb|s'df/ yfkf tyf ;b:odf 

of]u]Gb| va'{hf, ;~r1fg ofsfdL, tLy{ 

/fhrn, uf]ljGb sfsL{, xl//fd d':ofVj 

/ OGb|k|;fb /fhnj6 /x]sf 5g\ . PGkmfsf] 

ljwfgcg';f/ lgjf{lrt ;b:oaf6} ;+3sf 

dxf;lrj / sf]iffWoIf dgf]gog ul/g]5 . 

;+3sf gjlgjf{lrt kbflwsf/LnfO{ 

PGkmfsf pkdxf;lrj ;~hLj ld>n] 

k|df0fkq ljt/0f ub} { gjlgjf{lrt 

sfo{;ldltn] eQmk'/df km'6an v]n / 

v]nf8Lsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/df sfd ug] 

ljZjf; JoQm u/] ] . ;+3n] o;cl3 clwj]zg 

af]nfpFbf ;a} SnanfO{ cflwsfl/stf 

glbPsf] eGb} eQmk'/sf rf/ Snan] ;+3lj?4 

eQmk'/ lhNnf cbfntdf d'2f xfn]sf lyP . 

;f] d'2fdf lhNnf cbfntn] ;+3sf] clwj]zg 

/f]Sg cGtl/d cfb]z lbPsf] lyof] . kl5 d'2f 

xfNg] Snan] d'2f lkmtf{ lnPkl5 PGkmfnfO{ 

eQmk'/ lhNnf ;+3sf] clwj]zg u/fpg 

af6f] v'n]sf] lyof] . 

dx]zn] NofP …leHof] 

ltd|f] /ftf] k5\of}/LÚ 

nfO{ gofF e;{gdf 

sf7df8f}+ -h;_– ufos dx]z d'lvof 

;'g'jf/ / uflosf ;GWof ;'g'jf/sf] cfjfhdf 

/x]sf] …leHof] ltd|f] /ftf] k5\of}/LÚ af]nsf] uLt 

;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] 5 . kf08j ;'g'jf/ lza 

a:g]t / af;'b]a d'gfnsf] cfjfhdf /x]sf] 

uLtnfO{ ufos d'lvofn] cfk\mgf] cfjfh k'gM 

/]s8{ u/L ;fa{hlgs u/]sf x'g\ . pQm uLtsf] 

zAb ;Gtf]if a:g]tn] nv]sf x'g\ . 

k'/fgf] nf]suLt z}nLsf] of] uLtnfO{ 

ufos ;'g'jf/n] gofF o'jfk':tfdf nf]slk|o 

x'g] u/L gofF k|:t'tL lbPsf 5g\ . uLtnfO{ 

gofF k':tfn] lgs} ?rfpg'sf] ;fy} g]kfnL 

;f+uLlts If]qdf k'gM jl/i7 nf]s ufos 

kf08j ;'g'jf/nfO{ :d/0f x'g] ufos ;'g'jf/n] 

atfP .cd[t ;'g'jf/sf] lgb]{zg tyf 5fof+sg 

tof/ ePsf] lel8of]df gL/fhg k|wfg / 

Pln;f /fO{sf] d'Vo lkmrl/ª /x]sf] 5 . 

la|:dfg ;'g'jf/sf] sf]l/of]u|fkmL /x]sf] 

lel8of]df cGo snfsf/x?sf] klg lkmrl/ª 

b]Vg ;lsG5 . lel8of]nfO{ ;Dkfbg lgzfg 

l3ld/]n] u/]sf x'g\ . Pn=la= d'lvof / ;Demgf 

;'Aafsf] lgdf{0f /x]sf] lel8of]nfO{ ;'g'jf/ 

;]jf ;dfhn] :jf=kf08j ;'g'jf/sf] :d[ltdf 

;dlk{t u/]sf] 5 . 

rnlrq …k|;fbÚdf ljlkg sfsL{sf] >LdtL aGb} gd|tf 

sf7df8f} + -h;_– cleg]qL gd|tf 

>]i7 / cleg]tf ljlkg sfsL{n] >Ldfg\ 

>LdtL aGb} 3/ a;fpg] ePsf 5g\ . 

oL b'j} snfsf/n] l/on nfOkmdf geP/ 

l/n nfOkmdf >Ldfg\ >LdtLsf] ?kdf 

3/ a;fpg nfu]sf x'g\ . gd|tf / 

lalkgn] >Ldfg–>LdtLsf] ?kdf 3/hd 

ug] { rnlrq …k|;fb…sf] ;f]daf/ /fhwfgLdf 

cfof]lht Ps sfo{qmdsf aLr 3f]if0ff 

eof] . …Snfl;sÚ, …gf]e]Da/ /]gÚ, …kj{Ú 

nufot s]xL rnlrq lgb] {zg ul/;s]sf 

lbg]z /fptn] o;nfO{ lgb] {zg ub} {5g\ . 

lgM;Gtfgsf sf/0f klt / klTg aLrdf 

pTkGg x'g] ;d:ofsf] laifo p7fPsf] 

rnlrq …k|;fbÚ c;dembf/L, cljZjf; 

tyf cfkm} Fdf pTkGg Ps dfgl;s åGå;Fu} 

;fdflhs d'No dfGotf ;d]t b]vfpg] 

lgb] {zs /fptn] atfP . 

o; cuf8L cfk\mgf ;a} rnlrqdf 

cleg]qL gd|tf lnPsf lgb] {zs /fptdfly 

sfo{qmddf …k|;fbÚdf klg gd|tf lng'sf] 

sf/0f / ;DaGwsf] laifodf k|Zg p7fOPsf] 

lyof] . gd|tf Sof/]S6/df leHg] / /fd|f] 

clego ug] { snfsf/ ePsf] lgb] {zs 

/fptn] atfP . …ne:6f]/L rnlrq lgb] {zg 

ub} { ubf{ d}n] ly|n/ hg/fsf] …kj{Ú agfPFÚ 

lgb] {zs /fptn] eg], …k|;fbÚ k\mofldnL 

8«fdf xf] . ?jfpg / xF;fpg t g;Snf 

t/ o; o;n] ;f]Rg eg] afWo agfpF5 .Ú 

cleg]qL gd|tfn] rnlrqsf] syf /fd|f] 

ePsf] sf/0f sfd ug{ nfu]sf] atfpFbf 

cleg]tf ljlkgn] syfn] cfkm"nfO{ hf]8]sf] 

atfP . lalkgn] yk], …rnlrq klg pltSs} 

/l;nf] aGg]df ljZj:t /x]sf] 5' .Ú 

rnlrqsf] l:qmK6 kqsf/ ;'zLn 

kf}8]nn] n]v]sf x'g\ . pgn] cfkm"n] a'em]sf] 

/ b]v]sf] ;dfhsf] Ps 36gfnfO{ syfdf 

ptfg]{ k|of; u/]sf] atfP . …d]/f] n]vg 

/x]sf] rnlrq bz{sn] dg k/fP eg] d 

n]vgdf ;kmn eP .Ú ;'zLnn] cuf8L 

eg], …dg k/fPgg\ eg] d c;kmn eP .Ú 

o; cuf8L cgdf]n s];Lsf] Aofg/df Ps 

rnlrq agfPsf ;'efif yfkfn] o;nfO{ 

agfpg nfu]sf x'g\ . j}zfv klxnf] 

;ftfaf6 5fof+sg ;'? x'g] rnlrqdf 

/fh]z >]i7sf] 5fof+sg / sf]lz; If]qL 

/ ;'jf; e'iffnsf] ;+uLt ;'Gg ;lsg]5 . 

rnrlqdf gjLg dfgGw/sf] klg k|d'v 

e"ldsf /xg]5 . 

ld; Osf] 

OG6/g]zgnsf nflu 

OlhK6 p8\b} df}gtf 

sf7df8f}+ -h;_– cGt/f{li6«o ;f}Gbo{ 

k|ltof]lutf …ld; Osf] OG6/g]zgn 

@)!*Údf g]kfnsf] k|ltlglwTj df}gtf 

nfdfn] ug]{ ePsL 5g\ . !) clk|n b]lv 

#) clk|n;Dd OlhK6df cfof]hgf x'g] 

pQm k|ltof]lutfdf ;xeflutf hgfpg 

nfdf ;f]daf/ /ftL !@ ah] To;tkm{ 

p8\]sl 5g\ . 

^) b]zsf Osf] ;'Gb/Lx?sf] 

;xefuLtf /xg] k|ltof]uLtfsf nflu 

g]kfnaf6 pgL PSnf] ;xefuL x'g\ . 

g]kfnsf nflu clwsf/ k|fKt ;+:yf u|Lg 

cf6{ ldl8ofn] /fhwfgLdf Ps 

sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ;lxt pgnfO{ 

…ld; Osf] OG6/g]zgn g]kfn @)!*Úsf] 

tfh nufpb} k|ltof]lutfsf nflu rog 

u/]sf] lyof] . 

nfdf g]kfnsf] rf}yf] ;xefuL 

x'g\ . o;cl3 k|ltof]lutf lk|Gzf >]i7, 

gUdf >]i7 / utaif{ /f]gfnL cdfTon] 

;xeflutf hgfPsf lyOg\ . skg 

lgjf;L !* aifL{o nfdfn] g]kfnfO{ 

cGt/f{li6«o :t/df lrgfpg of] /fd|f] 

Kn]6kmd{ ePsf] atfOg\ . pgn] elgg\ 

…g]kfnsf] sNr/n 8«]; / b]zdf /x]sf] 

;f+:s[lts / ko{6sLo :yfgsf] klxrfg 

;lxtsf] 8s'd]G6«L lnP/ k|ltof]lutfdf 

cfkm' ;xefuL x'g nfu]sf] xf] .Ú 

pgL k|ltof]lutfdf nfdfn] l;ld|s 

l8hfOg :6'l8of]sL k|1f lrqsf/n] 

l8hfOg u/]sL …Osf] 8«];Ú, /fli6«o klx/g, 

ldu]z pbf; l;ld|s l8hfOg :6'l8of], 

l8«D; j]c/ AofÍ\j]6, Ogf]eP]6 qm; /f]8 

ck/]n sfof l8hfOg/ :6'l8of], P; 

P j]c/n] tof/ kf/]sf OlelgË ufpg, 

ss6]n 8«]; nufot laleGg lydsf 8«]; 

;lxt ;xefuL x'g nfu]sf] lu|g cf6{ 

ldl8ofsf l;Oof] k|ljg nfsf}nn] atfP .

cy{÷/f]huf/ 

@)&$ r}t @* ut], a'waf/ 


rLgsf] ^) s/f]8 ;xof]udf l;+xb/af/df ;f}o{ aQL 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–b]zsf] k|d'v k|zf;lgs 

s]G› l;+xb/af/df d+unaf/b]lv ;f}o{ 

pmhf{ -;f]nf/_ k|0ffnLaf6 aQL aflnPsf] 

5 . rLg ;/sf/sf] ;xof]udf ag]sf] 

Ps d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] pQm k|0ffnLsf] 

l;+xb/af/df d+unaf/ cfof]lht Ps 

;df/f]xdf k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ cf]nL / 

lu|8df hf]l8g]5 . 

;f] cj;/df k|wfgdGqL cf]nLn] 

;f}o{ k|0ffnL d'n'ssf] cfly{s ljsf;;Fu 

hf]l8Psf] dxTjk"0f{ kl/of]hgf ePsf] / 

o:tf cfof]hgfnfO{ cGo If]qdf klg lj:tf/ 

ug{ ;s] ;d[l4sf] ofqfdf ;xof]u l;4 

x'g] ljZjf; JoQm u/] . ;fy} g]kfnh:tf] 

tyf k"jf{wf/ ljsf;, ;Dks{ ;~rfn 

lj:tf/sf lglDt ;/sf/sf] Wofg s]lG›t 

ePsf] atfP . …bf]xf]/f] c+ssf] cfly{s j[l4 

/ kl/0ffd b]lvg] u/L b]zsf] ljsf; u/]/ 

hgtfnfO{ cg'e"t u/fpF5f}F To;sf nflu 

xfd|f sfd sf/jfxLnfO{ tLj| ultdf cl3 

a9fpg h?/L x'G5Ú, pgn] eg] . 

cfPsf] / To;sf] kl5Nnf] pbfx/0f ;f}o{ 

pmhf{ dxTjk"0f{ kl/of]hgf ePsf] atfOg\ . 

rLg ljZj cy{tGqsf] zlQmzfnL d'n's 

ePsf] / ko{6gsf] lx;fan] klg cyfx 

;Defjgf /x]sf] eGb} pgn] g]kfnsf] 

cfly{s ljsf;sf nflu gofF ;Defjgfsf 

If]qdf nufgL clej[l4 ug]{ of]hgf 

g]kfnsf nflu rLgsf /fhb"t o' xf]ªn] ef}uf]lns ljljwtfo'Qm d'n'sdf ;f}o{ pmhf{ ;fy} rLg;Fusf] ;lbof}Fb]lvsf] /x]sf] ;'gfOg . o;cl3 pQm kl/of]hgf 

;+o'Qm?kdf p¢f6g u/]sf x'g\ . ;f}o{ pmhf{ 

pTkfbgsf lglDt k|wfgdGqL sfof{no, 

k|0ffnL clt pkof]uL / ;fGble{s x'g] eGb} 

o;nfO{ ;d[l4sf] cfwf/sf ?kdf cl3 

kf/:kl/s ;DaGwnfO{ yk prfOdf 

k'of{O{ cfk;L lxtsf ;femf sfo{qmdnfO{ 

rLg ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 g]kfnsf] pmhf{ 

dGqfnonfO{ cf}krfl/s ?kdf x:tfGt/0f 

cy{dGqfno, pmhf{ dGqfno;lxt l;+xb/af/ a9fOg'kg]{df hf]8 lbP . k|wfgdGqL cf]nLn] ;dGjofTds 9Ën] cl3 a9fOg] ul/Psf] lyof] . pmhf{ dGqfnosf ;x;lrj 

l:yt @! j6f ejgsf 5tdf ;f}o{ Kofgn 

h8fg ul/Psf] 5 . s/La ^) s/f]8 nfut 

/x]sf] …rfOgf P8 kmf]6f]ef]lN6s kl/of]hgfÚ 

;f]nf/ aQL g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0fsf] 

d'n's /fhgLlts ;+qmd0f Joj:yfkg u/L 

cfly{s ;d[l4sf] lbzfdf cufl8 al9/x]sf] 

pNn]v ub}{ ;d[l4sf] o; cleofgdf clws 

pBf]u :yfkgf / /f]huf/L l;h{gf ug{ 

k|wfgdGqLsf] egfO lyof] . sfo{qmddf 

lrlgofF /fhb"t o' xf]ªn] ljsf; / 

;d[l4sf nflu b'O{ b]zaLr nfdf] 

;dob]lv ;dGjofTds ;xsfo{ /xFb} 

lbg]z l3ld/] / g]kfnsf nflu lrlgofF 

/fhb"tfjf;sf Osf]gf]lds sfplG;n/ jfO 

lkªn] ;DkGg kl/of]hgfdf x:tfIf/ u/]sf 

x'g\ . 

;]o/ahf/df;a} ;"rs /ftfDo, bf]xf]/f] c+ssf] lu/fj6 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–cl3Nnf] lbg g]K;] 

36]klg em08} Ps ca{ ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] 

;]o/ lsga]r ePsf]df ;ftfsf] t];|f] 

sf/f]af/ lbg d+unaf/ eg] g]K;] ;"rs 

tyf sf/f]af/ /sd b'a} g} pRr c+sn] 

36]sf 5g . g]K;] !& bzdnj %% c+sn] 

36]/ !@ ;o &) bzdnj @# ljGb'df 

embf{ ;]lG;l6e tLg bzdnj ^@ c+sn] 

36]/ b'O{ ;o &! bzdnj @@ ljGb'df 

em/]sf] 5 . Ps ;o ^) sDkgLx?sf] kfFr 

xhf/ rf/ ;o $! j6f sf/f]af/df gf} 

nfv *# xhf/ Ps ;o %( lsQf ;]o/ 

vl/b laqmL ePsf5g . 

pQm kl/df0fdf ;]o/ vl/b laqmL 

x'+bf sf/f]af/ /sd #$ s/f]8 () nfv %! 

xhf/ && ?k}ofF k'u]sf] 5 . d+unaf/ gf} 

j6f ;d"xsf] ;]o/ sf/f]af/ ePsf]df ;a} 

;"rs 36]/ g]K;] k'/} /ftf] b]lvPsf] 5 . 

pRr c+sn] 36]sf] aLdf ;d"xsf] ;"rs 

($ bzdnj ^# c+sn] 36]/ 5 xhf/ 

#( bzdnj !! ljGb'df embf{ gf} s/f]8 

*@ nfv *# xhf/ ;ft ;o ?k}ofFsf] 

;]o/ vl/b laqmL ePsf] 5 . jfl0fHo a}s 

;d"xsf] ;"rs klg !% bzdnj !( c+sn] 

36]/ !! ;o #! bzdnj *( ljGb'df embf{ 

!! s/f]8 @( nfv (# xhf/ ?k}ofFsf] ;]o/ 

vl/b laqmL ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L lasf; 

a}s ;d"xsf] ;'rs !& bzdnj ^$ c+sn] 

z"Go rf]/L lzsf/sf] Ps jif{ k"/f 

lrtjg -h;_–lrtjg 

/fli6«o lgs'~hn] z"Go rf]/L 

lzsf/sf] Ps jif{ k"/f u/]sf] 

5 . ut jif{sf] r}t @% ut] 

/flt lgs'~hsf] a]nx§f xl/ofnL 

;fd'bflos jg If]qsf] w|'j3f6 

glhs Pp6f efn] u}+8fnfO{ 

t:s/n] df/]sf lyP . z"Go rf]/L 

lzsf/sf] t];|f] jif{ k"/f ug{ @^ 

lbg afFsL 5Fbf u}+8f dfl/Pkl5 

ut jif{sf] j}zfv @) ut] z"Go 

rf]/L lzsf/sf] t];|f] jif{ dgfpg] 

sfo{qmd c;kmn ePsf] lyof] . 

To;cl3 @)&! ;fnsf] j}zfv 

( ut] lgs'~hdf Pp6f u}+8f 

dfl/Psf] lyof] . lgs'~hsf 

k|d'v ;+/If0f clws[t j]bs'df/ 

9sfnsf cg';f/ t:s/ ;lqmo 

x'g;Sg] eGb} /ftlbg u:tL 

ul/Psf] 5 . ;a}sf] ;fy / 

;xof]un] z"Go rf]/L lzsf/ 

jif{ dgfpg ;kmn ePsf] eGb} 

pgn] oBlk of] ;do t:s/sf 

nflu cg's"n x'g;Sg] eGb} u:tL 

a9fOPsf] atfP . 

pgn] eg], ælgs'~h 

;'/Iffy{ ;]gf / lgs'~hsf 

sd{rf/Ln] /fte/ kfnf] ldnfP/ 

u:tL ul//x]sf 5g\ .Æ lgs'~hdf 

%) :yfoL kf]i6, c:yfoL %) 

kf]i6 / @) eGbf a9L 3'DtL 

kf]i6dfkm{t\ u:tL eO/x]sf] 

pgn] atfP . k}bn, ;fOsn, 

df]6/;fOsn, xfQL, 8'ª\uf / 

uf8Ldfkm{t u:tL ul/Fb} cfPsf] 

9sfnn] atfP . g]kfnL ;]gfn] 

l/on 6fOd k]6«f]lnª cyf{t\ 

u:tL sxfF eO/x]sf] 5 eGg] 

hfgsf/L lbg] k|ljlw k|of]u u/L 

u:tL ul//x]sf] 5 . lgs'~hsf] 

;'/Iffy{ vl6Psf] a6'sbn u0fsf 

u0fklt ;d'Gb| yfkfsfcg';f/ 

rf}la;}306f lgs'~h ;'/Iffdf 

;'/IffsdL{ kl/rfng ePsf 5g\ . 

lgs'~h / dWojtL{sf clwsf+z 

7fpFnfO{ s'g} g s'g} pkfoaf6 

lgu/fgLdf /fVg] sfd eO/x]sf] 

pgn] atfP . ;do ;dodf 

8«f]gSofd]/fsf] ;d]tsf] k|of]u 

u/L lgs'~hsf] cg'udg ul/Psf] 

yfkfn] atfP . ;+j]bgzLn If]qdf 

yk ;ts{tf ckgfOPsf] 5 . 

lgs'~hdf dxfxG6 

cleofg dfkm{t\ klg lgs'~hsf] 

;'/Iff alnof] agfOPsf] 5 . 

lgs'~hsf ;"rgf clwsf/L 

g'/]Gb| cof{nsf cg';f/ ;'/fs 

;~hfndfkm{t\ cfPsf ;"rgfsf 

cfwf/df lgs'~h If]qdf u:tL 

a9fpg] sfd klg ePsf] 5 . 

dWojtL{ If]qdf u7g ul/Psf 

dWojtL{ pkef]Qmf ;ldlt, 

rf]/L lzsf/ lgoGq0f o'jf 

hfu/0f cleofg / dWojtL{ 

If]qsf afl;Gbfn] klg lgs'~h 

;'/Iffsf nflu ;xof]u k'¥ofpFb} 

cfPsf] cof{nn] atfP . jg If]q 

89]nf]sf sf/0f 6f9f6f9f;Dd 

b]lvg] x'Fbf jGohGt' c;'/lIft 

x'g] vt/f /xG5 . olta]nf d'Vo 

¿kdf Psl;Fu] u}+8f kfgL vfg 

/ cfxfnsf nflu kfgLsf] ;|f]t 

ePsf 7fpFdf cfpFg] ub{5g\ . tL 

7fpFdf t:s/sf] rnv]n x'g;Sg] 

x'Fbf ;'/Iff lgu/fgL a9fOPsf] 5 . 

kmfu'gb]lv h]7;Dd lgs'~hdf rf]/L 

lzsf/sf] b[li6n] pRr hf]lvd 

dflgG5 . xfn;Dd ;a}eGbf a9L 

rf]/Llzsf/ ;g\ @))@ df ePsf] 

lyof] . To;jif{ #* j6f u} +8f 

t:s/n] df/]sf lyP . To;otfsf 

jif{df klg clwsf+z rf]/L lzsf/L 

kmfu'gkl5 jiff{t\ cl3;Dd x'g] 

u/]sf] cof{nn] atfP . kl5Nnf] 

u0fgfcg';f/ lrtjg /fli6«o 

lgs'~hdf ^)% j6f u}F+8f 

/x]sf 5g\ . 

gf]a]n lzIf0f c:ktfnåf/f sfsL{nfO{ ? Ps nfv 

lj/f6gu/ -h;_–lj/f6gu/ 

l:yt gf]a]n d]l8sn sn]h Pj+ 

lzIf0f c:ktfnn] g]kfnL sfFu| ]; 

pbok'/sf k"j{ lhNnf ;efklt 

gf/fo0faxfb'/ sfsL{sf] pkrf/df 

;xof]usf nflu d+unaf/ oxfF 

? Ps nfv ;xof]u u/]sf] 5 . 

c:ktfnsf lgb]{zs ;'lgn zdf{n] 

sfFu| ]; df]/ªsf ;efklt l8uaxfb'/ 

lnDa"nfO{ pQm /sdsf] r]s 

d+unaf/ x:tfGt/0f u/]] . ;+3Lo 

;+;b\sf] bf];|f] r/0fsf] lgjf{rgdf 

pDd]bjf/ sfsL{ r'gfj k|rf/sf 

qmddf lgjf{rg alxisf/ ;d"xåf/f 

ul/Psf] s's/ ad ljikmf]6gdf 

3fOt] ePsf lyP . k"j{;efklt 

sfsL{sf] clxn] lzIf0f c:ktfn 

sf7df8f} Fdf pkrf/sf nflu 

cfly{s ;d:of pTkGg ePsf] 

5 . lgjf{rgdf 3fOt]sf] ;Dk"0f{ 

pkrf/ ;/sf/n] a]xf]g] { eg] 

klg ;d'lrt ;xof]u gkfOPsf] 

u'gf;f] pgsf]] kl/jf/n] u/]sf] 5. 

r]s x:tfGt/0f ;df/f]xdf sfFu|]; 

;efklt lnDa"n] sfFu| ]; / jt{dfg 

;/sf/ ;+j]bgzLn eP/ 3fOt]sf] 

pkrf/df nfUg'kg] {df hf]8 lbP . 

36]/ !$ ;o *( bzdnj #* ljGb'df 

embf{ Ps s/f]8 $) nfv #@ xhf/ Ps 

;o ?k}ofFsf] ;]o/ vl/blaqmL ePsf] 5 . 

hnljB't ;d"xsf] ;"rs klg 

d+unaf/ $) bzdnj %* c+sn] 36]/ 

!% ;o Ps bzdnj !* ljGb'df embf{ 

tLg s/f]8 &$ nfv $& xhf/ kfFr ;o 

?k}ofFsf] ;]o/ vl/b laqmL ePsf] 5 . 

xf]6n, kmfO{gfG;, pTkfbgd'ns, cGo / 

n3'laQ ;d"xsf] ;"rsdf klg d+unaf/ 

pRr c+sn] lu/fj6 cfPsf] 5 . d+unaf/ 

a9L sdfpg] sDkgLsf] ;'rLdf k/]sf] 

:jb]zL n3'laQ laQLo ;+:yfsf] ;]o/ 

d'No ;ft ?k}ofF (( k};fn] a9]/ cf7 ;o 

^% ?k}ofFdf sf/f]af/ ePsf] 5 eg] a9L 

u'dfpg] sDkgLsf] ;'rLdf k/]sf] xfd|f] 

lasf; a}ssf] ;]o/ d'No ;ft ?k}ofF kfFr 

k};fn] 36]/ Ps ;o $* ?k}ofFdf ;]o/ 

sf/f]af/ ePsf] 5 . /sd sf/f]af/sf 

cfwf/df cu|:yfgdf k/]sf] a'6jn kfj/ 

sDkgLsf] eg] d+unaf/ k|ltlsQf rf/ 

;o ^! ?k}ofF clGtd d'Nodf Ps s/f]8 

#^ nfv *( xhf/ gf} ;o !^ ?k}ofFsf] 

;]o/ sf/f]af/ ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L glan 

a}ssf] klg d+unaf/ k|ltlsQf gf} ;o 

*^ ?k}ofF clGtd d'Nodf Ps s/f]8 !* 

nfv #) xhf/ gf} ;o !# ?k}ofFsf] ;]o/ 

sf/f]af/ ePsf] 5 . 

d;nf a]r]/} tLy{ofqf 

emfkf -h;_–cfly{s cefjsf sf/0f w]/} JolQmn] rfx]/ klg 

OR5fcg';f/ tLy{ofqf ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . d]rLgu/sL Ps j[4f 

eg] :yfgLo ahf/df 3/]n' d;nf a]r]/ ePsf] d+unaf/{gn] 

ljb]z;Ddsf ljleGg wfld{s:ynsf] bz{g ub}{ cfPsL l5g\ . 

d]rLgu/–!) w'nfaf/LsL %* jifL{of lbgf] /fhj+zL ljut Ps 

bzsb]lv 3/]n' d;nf a]r]sf] sdfOn] tLy{ofqfsf] OR5f k"/f 

ub}{ cfpg'ePsf] xf] . jif{df b'O{k6s tLy{ ofqfdf lg:sg] 

ug'{ePsL /fhj+zL Psk6ssf] ofqfdf ? %) xhf/b]lv ? ^) 

xhf/;Dd vr{ x'g] u/]sf] atfOg\ . ut df3 dlxgfdf pxfF 

ef/tsf] dfofk'/L, j[Gbfjg, hugfyk'/Lnufot wfld{s:ynsf] 

bz{gdf hfg'ePsf] lyof] . ca rfF8} csf]{ tLy{:ynsf] e|d0fdf 

hfg] pgsf]] tof/L 5 . 

tLg 5f]/L / Ps 5f]/fsL cfdf /fhj+zL ;LdfjtL{ ef/tsf] 

gS;naf8Laf6 ;'s]sf] v';f{gL, lh/f / wlgofF lsg]/ NofpFl5g\ . 

d;nfdf k|of]u x'g] a];f/ eg] ufpF3/af6} h'6fpFl5g\ . k/Dk/fut 

¿kdf 3/d} k|of]u x'Fb} cfPsf] sf7sf] cf]vndf d';nn] s'6]/ 

pgL d;nf agfpFl5g\ . o;/L v';f{gL, a];f/, lh/f tyf wlgofFsf] 

ldl>t / cnu cnu;d]t d;nf agfP/ /fhj+zL :yfgLo w'nfaf/L 

ahf/df b}lgs laqmL ul5{g\ . æd]l;gdf eGbf cf]vndf lk;]sf] 

d;nf a9L :jflbnf] x'G5,Æ pgn]] eg]] . 3/d} lk;]sf] d;nf a9L 

:jflbnf] x'g] / cvfB kbfy{ ld;fj6 gx'g] ePsfn] :yfgLojf;L 

d;nf lsGg cfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . pgn]] agfpg] d;nf ahf/df 

lgs} nf]slk|o 5 . 

pgL d;nf af]s]/ cfkm} ahf/ wfpFl5g\ . gu/kflnsfn] 

agfPsf] Pp6f 6x/fdf a;]/ /fhj+zLn] d;nf laqmL ub}{ 

cfPsL l5g\ . b}lgs sl/a kfFr lsnf];Dd d;nf laqmL x'G5 . 

æ? Ps xhf/b]lv ? Ps xhf/ %)) ;Dd d'gfkmf x'G5,Æ 

pgn]] elgg\ . d;nfsf] sdfOn] 3/kl/jf/sf] e/0fkf]if0fdf 

vr{ ug]{ u/]sf] /fhj+zL atfOg\ . æcfDbfgLsf] clwsf+z 

lx:;f tLy{ofqfdf vr{ x'G5,Æ pgn]] elgg\ . tLy{ofqfdf 

hfg clxn];Dd s;};Fu k};f dfUg' gk/]sf] pgsf]] egfO 

5 . 3/df PSn} a:bf lbUbf/L nfUg] x'Fbf ;fgf]ltgf] sfddf 

nfUbf cfDbfgL klg x'g] ePsfn] pgL c¿nfO{ d;nf a]Rg 

;Nnfx lbFb} cfPsL l5g\ . /fhj+zLsf] ;Nnfxdf ufpFsf 

c¿b] klg d]rLgu/sf ljleGg ahf/df d;nf a]Rg 

yfn]sf 5g\ . /fhj+zLnfO{ 3/ kl/jf/af6 kof{Kt ;xof]u 

kfOPsf] 5 . æxh'/cfdfsf] tLy{ofqfdf uO/xg] afgL 5Æ, 

latf{df]8sf] dgsfdgf sn]hdf :gfts cWoog ub}{ cfPsL 

gfltgL dlgiffn] eg]], æxfdLn] pxfFnfO{ d;nf Jofkf/df 

;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf 5f}F .Æ 

Zj]tkq dfkm{t k|b]z g+ & sf] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs 

uGtJo aGb} lgn'jf 

a9L v/sf k/Dk/fut uf]7n] 

klg ko{s6nfO{ nf]Eofpg] u/]sf] 

5 . lxhf] d+unaf/ j:t'efp 

kfNg / v]tLsf nflu ls;fg 

cfpg 5f]8]kl5 uf]7 eg] l/Q} 

5g\ . ls;fgsf] k'/fgf] hLjgz}nL 

emNsfpg] uf]7 ;+/If0f ug{ s]Gb|n] 

kxn ul//x]sf] 5 . 3gf h+unsf] 

aLrdf pkTosf ag]/ a;]sf] 

lgn'jf n]s b'O{ xhf/ %)) 

ld6/sf] prfOdf k5{ . kbofqf, 

jgef]h, b[Zo 5fofª\sg, 

cjnf]sg e|d0f tyf …SoflDkªÚsf 

nflu cfGtl/s ko{6s lgn'jf k'Ug] 

u/]sf 5g\ . lgn'jfdf ko{6gd}qL 

k"jf{wf/sf] cefj 5 . vfgf, 

cfjf;, vfg]kfgLh:tf cfwf/e"t 

;'ljwf k'¥ofpg afFsL g} 5 . 

s]xL b"/Ldf kbdfu{ ag] klg yk 

lj:tf/sf] sfd ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . 

j8f g+ $ sf cWoIf anaxfb'/ 

vqL ko{6g k|j4{gsf] sfd ev{/ 

z'? ePsf] atfpF5g\ . 

ælgn'jfnfO{ ko{6sLo If]q 

agfpg'k5{ eg]/ nfu]sf 5f}FÆ, 

afun'ª -h;_– unsf]6 

gu/kflnsf–$ l:yt lgn'jf n]s 

ko{6sLo uGtJo aGb} uPsf] 5 . 

k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tfo'Qm lgn'jf 

kl5Nnf] ;do cfGtl/s ko{6ssf] 

/f]hfOdf kg{ yfn]sf] 5 . ko{6g 

ljsf;sf] k|r'/ ;Defjgf 

af]s]sf] lgn'jfdf k"jf{wf/ 

lgdf{0fsf] sfd klg z'? ePsf] 

5 . lgn'jf ko{6sLo If]q k|j4{g 

s]Gb|sf] cu'jfOdf lgn'jfsf] 

ko{6g ljsf; yflnPsf] xf] . 

kbdfu{ lgdf{0f, ;Dkbf ;+/If0f, 

k|rf/k|;f/nufot k|j4{gfTds 

sfd s]Gb|n] ul//x]sf] 5 . 

lgn'jf n]s o;cl3 ls;fgsf] 

uf]7y/Ldf dfq ;Lldt lyof] . 

dgf]/d k|fs[lts b[Zofjnf]sgsf 

nflu lgn'jf pTs[i6 uGtJo aGb} 

uPsf] s]Gb|sf cWoIf cf]dsf/ 

;'j]bLn] atfP . æoxfFsf] e"– 

agf]6, xfjfkfgL nf]enfUbf] 5Æ, 

pgn] eg], æglhs} lxdfn b]Vg 

;lsG5, kbofqfsf] dHhf klg 

lng ;lsG5 .Æ 

lgn'jfaf6 wjnflul/, 

cGgk"0f{ / df5fk'R5«] lxd 

z[ª\vnfsf] cjnf]sg ug{ 

;lsG5 . ls;fgsf *) eGbf 

kf“r s/f]8sf] OF6f gi6 

eQmk'/ -h;_–Ps 

;ftfotf k/]sf] cl;gf kfgLsf 

sf/0f lhNnfdf ? kfFr s/f]8 

a/fa/sf] sfFrf] OF6f gi6 ePsf] 

5 . lhNnfsf ^@ j6f OF6f e§fdf 

/x]sf] sfFrf] OF6f cl;gf kfgLsf 

sf/0f gi6 ePsf] eQmk'/ OF6f 

Joj;foL ;+3sf cWoIf gfltefO 

XofDafn] hfgsf/L lbP . 

clwsf+z OF6f e§fdf tof/L 

cj:yfdf /x]sf sl/a !) nfv 

sfFrf] OF6f gi6 ePsf] 5 . clxn] 

pgn] sfFrf] OF6f pTkfbgb]lv OF6f 

kf]Ng] sfd;d]t /f]lsPsf] pgn]] 

atfP . o;jif{ utjif{eGbf sd 

OF6f pTkfbg ePsf] / tof/L 

cj:yfdf /x]sf] OF6f;d]t gi6 

ePkl5 OF6fsf] cefj x'g] ;Defjgf 

a9]sf] XofDafn] atfP . e"sDkkl5 

k'gMlgdf{0f;Fu} OF6fsf] dfu cTolws 

a9]sf] lyof] . dfucg';f/ pknAw 

u/fpg g;ls/x]sf] cj:yfdf cl;gf 

kfgLn] OF6f gi6 ubf{ yk ;d:of ePsf] 

pgsf]] egfO 5 . cl;gf kfgLsf 

sf/0f OF6f pTkfbg;d]t /f]lsPsf] 

pgn]] atfP . 

pgn] eg], æw]/} sfd ug{ afFsL 

5 .Æ pgn] ko{6g ljsf;df /fHon] 

klg Wofg lbg'kg]{ atfpg'x'G5 . 

gu/kflnsf / j8fsf] tkm{af6 

lgn'jfsf] ko{6g ljsf;df ;Sbf] 

of]ubfg ug]{ pgL atfpF5g\ . 

ko{6g k|j4{gsf nflu ut 

zlgaf/ dx lzsf/ -xgL xlG6ª_ 

dxf]T;j;d]t cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 

lyof] . lgn'jfd} /x]sf] %)) ld6/ 

cUnf] df}/Lle/df lzsf/Ln] hf]lvd 

df]n]/ lzsf/ u/]sf lyP . 5QL; 

jif{kl5 ul/Psf] dx lzsf/ x]g{ 

;of}F ;j{;fwf/0fsf] le8 nfu]sf] 

lyof] . dx lzsf/ ;fxl;s snf 

ePsfn] ko{6snfO{ cfslif{t 

ug{ dxf]T;j cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 

j8fWoIf vqLn] atfP . n]sfnL 

xfjfkfgLdf cjl:yt lgn'jf 

n]s k'Ug afun'ª ;b/d'sfdaf6 

$% lsnf]ld6/ uf8Lsf] ofqf 

ug'{k5{ . dWokxf8L nf]sdfu{sf] 

8fF8fv]taf6 lgn'jf k'Ug b'O{ 

306f psfnf]df kbofqf;d]t 

ug{ ;lsG5 . 

g]kfn /fi6« a}ª\s 

s]lGb|o sfof{no, lab]zL lalgdo Joj:yfkg laefu 

g]kfn /fi6« a}ª\sn] tf]s]sf] lalgdo b/ 

@)&$ r}q @* ut]sf] -clk|n !!, @)!*_ a'waf/sf] lalgdob/ 

d'b|f PsfO vl/bb/ lalqmb/ 

ef/tLo ?lkofF !)) sf] !^).)) !^).!% 

v'nf ahf/ lalgdob/ -g]kfn /fi6« a}ª\ssf] k|of]hgsf nflu_ 

b]z÷d'b|f PsfO vl/b laqmL 

cd]l/sL 8n/ 

! sf] ?=!)#.&@ ?=!)$.#@ 

o'/f] 

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kfpG8 :6«lnË 

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l:j; k|mØf+s 

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c:6«]lnog 8n/ ! sf] ?=&(.^* ?=*).!$ 

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l;+ufk'/ 8n/ 

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lrlgof“ o'cfg 

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stf/L l/ofn 

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yfO ef6 

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blIf0f sf]l/og jg !)) sf] ?=(.*@ ?=(.** 

l:jl8; qmf]g/ 

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xªsª 8n/ 

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s'a]tL lbgf/ 

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gf]6 

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● jfl0fHo a}+sx¿n] tf]Sg] ljlgdo b/ eg] km/s x'g ;Sg]5 . 

● cBfjlws ljlgdo b/ a}+ssf] j]a;fO6 www.nrb.org.np df pknAw x'g]5 . 

wgu9L -h;_–k|b]z g+ & sf] ;/sf/n] 

ef/t rLg;Fu hf]l8Psf eG;f/ gfsfsf] 

:t/f]Gglt ub} { ;xh Pj+ ;/n ¿kdf Jofkf/ 

Joj;fo clej[l4 u/fpg] p2]Zo;lxtsf] 

Zj]tkq hf/L u/]sf] 5 . cfOtaf/ a;]sf] 

k|b]z;ef a}7sdf k|b]z ;/sf/sf cfly{s 

dfldnf tyf of]hgfdGqL emk6axfb'/ 

af]x/fn] hf/L ug' {ePsf] Zj]tkqsf] cfufdL 

sfo{lbzfdf k|b]zdf cfw'lgs c:ktfn / 

d]l8sn sn]hsf] :yfkgf ub} { u'0f:t/Lo 

;]jf k|bfg ug] {, ;'Vvf aGb/ufx, cf}Bf]lus 

If]q / ljz]if cfly{s If]q ;~rfng ug{ 

ljz]if of]hgf sfof{Gjog ul/g] pNn]v 5 . 

o:t} /fli6«o uf}/jsf cfof]hgfsf] lgdf{0fnfO{ 

tLj|tf lbg kxn ug] {, k|fljlws / Jofj;flos 

lzIffdf hf]8 lbg], k|b]zsf] pRr cfly{s 

j[l4b/ xfl;n ug{ lbuf] ljsf; sfod 

ug{ cNksfnLg, dWosfnLg / bL3{sfnLg 

cfjlws of]hgfsf] th' {df ug] { nufotsf 

ljifonfO{ klg dxTj lbOPsf] 5 . 

Zj]tkqdf k|b]z g+ & sf] dfgj 

ljsf; ;"rsfª\s z"Go bzdna $#% 

/x]sf]df afh'/fsf] dfgj ljsf; ;"rsfª\s 

;a}eGbf Go"g z"Go bzdnj #^$ tyf 

s~rgk'/sf] ;a}eGbf a9L z"Go bzdnj 

$&% /x]sf] Zj]tkqdf pNn]v 5 . 

g]kfnsf] s"n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgdf o; 

k|b]zsf] 5 bzdna #& k|ltzt of]ubfg 

/x]sf], ax'cfoflds u/La ;"rstkm{ 

k|b]zsf] ax'cfoflds ul/aL ;"rs z"Go 

bzdnj !$^ /x]sf] 5 eg] ul/aLsf] 

/]vfd'gL /x]sf] hg;+Vof ## bzdnj %^ 

k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . Zj]tkqdf k|b]z g+ & 

df /x]sf lgsfodf ut cfjdf s"n ? %! 

ca{ %$ s/f]8 @$ nfv ;fj{hlgs vr{ 

ePsf]df rfn' cfjsf] bf];|f] rf}dfl;s;Dd 

s"n ? #@ ca{ %# s/f]8 !^ nfv vr{ 

ePsf] pNn]v 5 . k|b]zsf ;fj{hlgs 

lgsfoaf6 cl3Nnf] cfjdf s"n ? cf7 

ca{ ^^ s/f]8 ^) nfv /fhZj ;+sng 

ePsf]df rfn' cfjsf] bf];|f] rf}dfl;s;Dd 

? tLg ca{ &# s/f]8 (( nfv ;+sng 

ePsf] 5 . k|b]z g+ & df !$@ jfl0fHo 

a}+s, #@ ljsf; a}+s, b'O{j6f ljQ sDkgL, 

!#@ n3'ljQ ljsf; a}+s tyf ljQLo 

;+:yfsf zfvf :yfkgf eO;s]sf 5g\ . 

s[lif If]qdf d'Vo ¿kdf cfl>t k|b]z g+ & 

sf hgtfsf] d'Vo /f]huf/Lsf] ;|f]t Hofnf 

dhb'/L, s[lif >d tyf /f]huf/L /x]sf] 

5 . k|b]zsf !$ bzdnj rf/ k|ltzt 

;lqmo hg;+Vofn] dfq s[lif If]qaf6 

cfh/{g ub}{ cfPsf] / afFsLn] lgdf{0f sfo{, 

pTkfbg sfo{, Jofkf/ tyf 9'jfgLdfkm{t 

cfod+unaf/{g ub}{ cfPsf] Zj]tkqdf 

pNn]v 5 . ;GtfpGg a'Fb] Zj]tkqdf 

ljBfno egf{ pd]/ ;d"xsf (^ bzdnj 

^ k|ltzt ljBfyL{ k|fylds txdf egf{ 

eP tfklg To;kZrft eg] pgLx¿ 

lzIffaf6 6fl9Psf] b]lvG5 . k|b]zsf 

:jf:Yo ;+:yfsf] cg'kft x]bf{ kfFr xhf/ 

&** hhg;+Vof a/fa/ Pp6f :jf:Yo 

;+:yf /x]sf] 5 . :yfkgf ePsf :jf:Yo 

;+:yf zx/ s]lGb|t x'Fbf :jf:Yo ;+:yfsf] 

kxF'rdf ;a} gful/s k'Ug ;s]sf 5}gg\ . 

g]kfndf gjhft lzz' d[To'b/ k|ltxhf/df 

@!, lzz' d[To'b/ k|ltxhf/df #@ tyf 

kfFr jif{dl'gsf] afn d[To'b/ k|ltxhf/ #( 

/x]sf] 5 . k|b]zsf gful/ssf] s[lif d'Vo 

k]zf /x] klg s[lifof]Uo e"ld / e":jfldTj 

ePsf s[ifssf] ;+Vof 36\bf] qmddf 5 . 

s"n tLg nfv ^( xhf/ x]S6/ v]tLof]Uo 

e"lddWo] tLg nfv @@ xhf/ x]S6/df 

v]tL x'Fb} cfPsf]df Ps nfv ^^ xhf/ 

x]S6/ hldg ljleGg ;|f]taf6 l;l~rt 

5 eg] !% xhf/ $&) x]S6/ v]tLof]Uo 

hldg afFemf] /x]sf] 5 . k|b]z g+ & df s"n 

hg;+Vofsf] #& bzdna & k|ltztn] dfq 

vfB ;'/Iff k|fKt u/]sf]df tLg nfv #$ 

xhf/ cyf{t\ s/La !# k|ltzt hgtfnfO{ 

cem} vfB ;'/Iffsf] ;Ldf leq ;d]6\g'kg]{ 

b]lvPsf] Zj]tkqdf pNn]v 5 . s}nfnL, 

s~rgk'/, 88]Nw'/f, 8f]6L, c5fd, afh'/f, 

aemfª, a}t8L / bfr'{nf u/L gf} lhNnf 

/x]sf] k|b]z g+ & sf] If]qkmn !( xhf/ 

%#( ju{ lsdL /x]sf] 5 . k"j{df s0ff{nL 

k|b]z / k|b]z g+ %, pQ/df rLg, klZrd 

/ blIf0fdf ef/t kg]{ o; k|b]zsf] s"n 

hg;+Vof @% nfv %@ xhf/ /x]sf] 5 .

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@)&$ r}t @* ut], a'waf/ 


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bL3f{sfnLg shf{ lbg] ;DaGwdf 

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tkm{af6 sfd' k|d'v sfo{sf/L 

clws[t /f]zgs'df/ Gof}kfg] 

/ cfOPkm;Lsf tkm{af6 /f]xg 

stf/ Po/j]håf/f ?;sf] Eg'sf]jf] 

cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn;“u z]o/ ;Demf}tf 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–stf/ 

Po/j]hn] ?;sf] t];|f] 7"nf] 

ljdfg:yn d:sf]sf] Eg'sf]jf] 

cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn;Fu z]o/ 

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Eg'sf]jf];Fu s'n z]o/sf] ;Defljt 

@% k|ltzt;Dd vl/b ug]{ 

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bf]xfsf] cf]l/S; /f]6fgf xf]6ndf 

;DkGg ePsf] ;f] ;Demf}tf 

;df/f]xdf stf/ Po/j]h U?ksf 

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Eg'sf]jf] cGt/fl{\i6«o ljdfg:yn 

h]P;;L af]8{sf cWoIf lj6nL 

jfG6\;]j;Fu} ;Demf}tf 1fkgkqdf 

x:tfIf/ u/]sf x'g\ . 

;df/f]xdf af]Nb} stf/ 

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clws[t ;DdfggLo csa/ cn 

as]/n] eg]– …xfdL ¿; / stf/ 

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dgfpg] qmddf, Eg'sf]jf] cGt/ 

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@% k|ltzt;Ddsf] z]o/ vl/bsf] 

nflu ePsf] ;Demf}tf 3f]if0ff ug{ 

w]/} pT;flxt 5f}F . ut jif{sf] 

cGtdf ;]G6 lk6;{au{;Ddsf] 

xfd|f] k|ToIf ;]jf / ;fy} b}lgs 

tLg p8fg ;]jfsf] ;'¿jft;Fu} 

o; nufgLn] pQm b]z;Fu 

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cem k|uf9 ug]{ s'/fdf xfdL 

ljZj:t 5f}F .Ú 

:sfO6«]S;åf/f @)!& 

jif{sf] ;jf{]Ts[i6 Po/nfOg 

3f]lift stf/ /fHosf] o; /fli6«o 

ljdfg ;]jfn] @)!*/@)!( 

;qdf n08g, Uofl6\js Pj+ 

sfl8{km, a]nfot; ln:ag, 

kf]r{'un; 6]lng, P:6f]lgof; 

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lkmlnlkG;; nfÍfjL, dn]l;of; 

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Pg6Nof, 6sL{; dfOsf]gf];, 

u|L; / dfnfuf :k]gh:tf gofF 

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5 . pQm sfo{qmddf Eg'sf]jf] 

cGt/fl{\i6«o ljdfg:ynsf jfl0fHo 

pkk|d'v PG6g s'hg]6\;f]jsf] 

klg pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . 

stf/ Po/j]h, stf/ /fHosf] 

/fli6«o jfxs, n] !%) eGbf a9L 

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jif{ pT;j dgfpFb} cfPsf] 

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y]:;fnf]lgsL, u|L; / sfl8{km, 

a]nfot ;lxt cGo w]/} 

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a9\bf] g]6js{df yKb} cfˆgf] @)) 

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gu/kflnsf j8f g+ $ anf{bxsf 

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;df/f]xdf ;xefuL /x]sf 

lyP . 

d'n'sdf ljBdfg 

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pRr rfk h:tf sf/0fx?n] 

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>f]t kl/rfng u/L ;/sf/n] 

;/sf/n] lglb{i6 u/]sf] cfly{s 

5 . 

;f]xL sfo{qmddf cGt/fl{\i6«o 

PsLs[t kj{tLo ljsf; s]G› 

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a[l4 xfl;n ug{ rflxg] shf{sf] 

dfunfO{ k"lt{ ug{ g;lsg] 

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ub}{ cGt/fl{\i6«o a}+s tyf ljlQo 

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ljifonfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ ;f] 

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>f]t ;+sng ug]{ / kl/rfng 

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x'g] ljZjf; lnPsf] 5 . 

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! ;o (@ zfvf. ! ;o (% 

P6LPd, $ j6f PS;6]G;g 

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5 . 

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/ ci6«]lnog ;/sf/sf] ;+o'Qm 

;xsfo{df Joj;foLs t/sf/L 

v]tLsf nflu of] kxn u/]sf] xf] . 

a}+sn] cfufdL lbgx?df ;fgf 

tyf dem}nf Aofj;fo / s[lif 

If]qdf ug{ o:tf ;xh nufgL 

ug]{5 .Ú 

Pe/]i6 a}+sn] ;fj{hlgs u¥of] 

@)&% ;fnsf] Sofn]G8/ 

sf8df8f}+-h;_–Pe/]i6 a}+sn] @)&% ;fnsf] cfˆgf] Sofn]G8/ 

;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . a}+sn] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] Sofn]G8/df g]kfnL 

ko{6g / snf;+:s[ltsf] k|a{wgdf ;xof]u k'of{pg] kmf]6fx? k|of]u 

ePsf 5g\ . cfh r}t 

@& ut] ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 

pQm Sofn]G8/sf] lyd 

…:yfgLo hfqfÚ /x]sf] 5 . 

a}+ssf] s]G›Lo sfof{nodf 

Ps sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf 

ub}{ a}+ssf cWoIf aL=s]= 

>]i7n] pQm Sofn]G8/sf] 

;fj{hlgsLs/0f u/]sf 

x'g\ . ;fy} a}+sn] ;+:s[tljb ;Todf]xg hf]zLn] Sofn]G8/ lgdf{0fdf 

k'of{pg' ePsf] ;xof]usf] nflu ljif]z wGojfb lbPsf lyP . xfn 

a}+sn] cfˆgf] cTofw'gLs ;]jf b]ze/ /x]sf *) zfvf sfof{no, & 

PS:6]G;g sfpG6/, @* /fh:j ;+sng sfpG6/, !!# Pl6Pd d]l;g / 

ljZje/ km}lnP/ /x]sf ;+hfndfkm{t k|bfg ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . 

/fd]5fkdf ;g/fOh a}+ssf] yk zfvf lj:tf/ 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–;g/fOh a}+s lnld6]8n] d+unaf/ /fd]5fk, 

pdfs'08 ufpFkflnsf j8f g+ @ afDtLe08f/df gofF zfvf lj:tf/ 

u/]sf] 5 . afDtLe08f/ 

zfvfsf] pb\3f6g k|ltlglw 

;efsf ;f+;båo hgfb{g zdf{ 

/ Zofd s'df/ >]i7 / a}+ssf 

cWoIf df]tLnfn b'u8n] ;+o'Qm 

?kdf u/] . xfn ;g/fOh a}+sn] 

d'n'se/ cfˆgf] *) j6f zfvf, 

($ j6f P6LPd, @) j6f 

zfvf/lxt a}+lsÎ ;]jf / # j6f PS;6]G;g sfp06/åf/f cfw'lgs P+j 

;j{;'ne a}+lsË ;]jfx? k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;fy} dr]{G6 a}+lsË tyf 

OGe]i6d]G6 a}+lsË sfo{ ug{sf nflu a}+ssf] ;xfos sDkgL ;g/fOh 

Soflk6n ln= /x]sf] 5 . 

6LeLP;sf] PS;r]Gh hfqf 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–6LeLP;n] PS;r]Gh hfqf gfds PS;r]Gh ckm/ 

cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . u|fxsx?sf] rfxgf / cfjZostfnfO{ dWogh/ 

ub}{ o;k6s klg eQmk'/sf] ;Nnf3f/Ll:yt u|fp08df hfqf ;~rfng 

u/]sf] sDkgLn] hgfPsf] 

5 . sDkgLn] hfqfdf u|fxsx?sf] 

pNn]Vo ;xeflutf /x]sf] pNn]v 

u/]sf] 5 . oxL r}t @# b]lv 

@& ;Dd rNg] pQm hfqfdf 

ljleGg k|sf/sf u|fxsd'vL 

ckm/x? ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] 5 . 

h;cGtu{t h:tf];'s} slG8;gsf] 

df]6/;fOsn tyf :s'6/sf] klg 

@% xhf/ ?k}ofF Go"gtd d"Nof+sg u/L 6LeLP; sDkgLsf] df]6/;fOsn 

tyf :s'6/ PS;r]Gh ul/g] sDkgLsf ahf/ k|d'vn] hfgsf/L lbP . 

To;}u/L, slG8;gdf /x]sf] df]6/;fOsn tyf :s'6/x?nfO{ pTs[i6 

d"Nof+sg;lxt gofF jif{sf] pkxf/:j?k yk cf7 xhf/ Ps ?k}ofF 

5'6 lbOg] 5 . o;sf] cnfjf 6]:6 /fO8df luˆ6 XofDk/, @% ;o 

?k}ofFa/fa/sf] 6LeLP; x]nd]6, nSsL 8«df k|To]s lbg Ps hgfnfO{ 

:df6{ kmf]g tyf lSjh tyf ljleGg cfsif{0fx? /x]sf 5g\ . 

s'df/L a}+s aL/u~h zfvfåf/f 

a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–s'df/L a}+s aL/u~h zfvfn] cfˆgf] !& 

cf}+ jflif{sf]T;jsf] cj;/ kf/]/ a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf 

u/]sf] 5 . sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g 

aL/u~h dxfgu/kflnsfsf 

d]o/ ljhos'df/ ;/fjuL 

tyf a}+ssf zfvf k|aGws 

/fh]zk|;fbn] !) j6f la?jf 

/f]k]/ u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf 

jL/u~h dxfgu/klnsfsf 

d]o/ ljhos'df/ ;/fjuL, 

j8fcWoIf /fd glugf zfx, 

jL/u~h dxfgu/klnsfsf ;~rfns ;ldltsf ;b:o ;'zLn zfx 

Pjd\ :yfgLo afl;Gbfx?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . a}+sn] jflif{sf]T;jsf] 

cj;/df cGo zfvfx?df ;d]t ljleGg sfo{qmdx?sf] cfof]hgf ug]{ 

hgfPsf] 5 . pQm a}+sn] &@ zfvf, @ PS;6]G;g sfpG6/ tyf %* 

j6f P=6L=Pd\ åf/f cfw'lgs a}lsË ;]jf pknAw u/fO{/x]sf] 5 . 

sf=lh=k|=sf=b=g+= @*)÷)^$÷)^% 

d=If]=x'=lg=b=g+= )#÷)&)÷&! 

d]uf a}+sn] gof“ jif{sf] 

cj;/df Nofof] gof“ ckm/ 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–d]uf 

a}+sn] gofF aif{sf] cj;/ kf/]/ 

u|fxsx?nfO{ art / d'2lt 

vftfdf gofF ckm/x? NofPsf] 

5 . pQm a}+sn] u|fxsx?sf] 

dfunfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ 

* k|ltzt ;jl{\k|o art 

vftf ;+rfngdf NofPsf] 

xf] . of] vftf vf]Nbf y'k|} 

;]jfx? lgMz'Ns kfOg] a}+sn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . lgMz'Ns kfOg]df 

;]jfx?df le;f 8]la6 sf8{, 

qm]l86 sf8{, cgnfOg a}+lsª, 

P;PdP; ;]jf, PaLaLP; 

;'ljwf, r]sa's, csfpG6 

:6]6d]06, :6k k]d]G6 / u'8 km/ 

k]d]G6 ;]jf /x]sf 5g\ . o;}u/L, 

vftf vf]Ng] x/]s u|fxsnfO{ kfFr 

nfv;Ddsf] b'3{6gf ladfsf] 

Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . ns/ 

;'ljwfdf ztk|ltzt;Dd 5'6sf] 

Joj:yf 5 eg] xf]d a} +lsª / 

k|fOe]6 a}+lsª ;'ljwfsf] klg 

Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . 

o:t}, pQm a}+sn] !) 

k|ltzt Aofh kfOg] ^) lbg] 

d'2lt vftf / x/]s dlxgf 

!! k|ltzt Aofh kfOg] Ps 

aif]{ d'2lt vftf klg NofPsf] 

5 . % nfv Go"gtd art 

/x]sf] !) k|ltzt d'2lt vftf 

clxn] klg ;+rfngdf 5 eg] 

* k|ltzt kfOg] ;jl{\k|o art 

vftf / !! k|ltzt dfl;s 

Aofh kfOg] d'2lt vftf 

a}zfv @ ut]af6 ;~rfngdf 

cfpg]5 . u|fxsx?sf] ljZjf; 

lhTb} cl3 a9\g] qmddf a}+sn] 

gofF aif{sf] v';LofnLdf gofF 

;'ljwfx? NofPsf] d]uf a}+ssL 

sfodd'sfd l;Ocf] cg'kdf 

v'~h]nLn] atfP . 

PgcfO{;Lsf] gof“ zfvf u}+8fsf]6df 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–PgcfO{;L 

Plzof a} +ssf] gofF zfvf u} +8fsf]6 

gu/kflnsf, $ sf+u|];rf]s, 

gjnk/f;L l:yt u} +8fsf]6 zfvfsf] 

cfh Ps ;df/f]xsf lar u} +8fsf]6 

gu/kflnsfsf d]o/ 5q/fh 

kf}8]nn] Pj+ o; a}+ssf ;+rfns 

/fh]G› k|;fb cof{naf6 ;+o'Qm ?kdf 

ljlwjt\ ;d'b\3f6g ePsf] 5 . pQm 

sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltyL 5q/fh 

kf}8]nn] :yfgLo lgsfodf a} +lsª 

;]jf gk'u]sf] Pj+ ToxfF a;f]af; ug] 

;a} Jofkf/L, Joj;foL tyf :yfgLo 

;j{;fwf/0f, sd{rf/Lx? ;d]tnfO{ 

;d:of kl//x]sf] s'/fnfO{ PgcfO{;L 

Plzof a}+sn] cjnDag u/]sf] zfvf 

lj:tf/sf] /0fgLltn] ;a}df v'zL 

5fPsf] hgfsf/L u/fP . ;fy} pQm 

sfo{qmddf ;+rfns /fh]G› k|;fb 

cof{nn] a}+sn] cfd;j{;fwf/0fsf] 

a[xQ/ lxtk|lt ;dlk{t pTs[i6 

a}+lsË ;]jf Pj+ ;'ljwfx? k|bfg ub}{ 

cfO/x]sf] Pj+ /fi6«s} cu|0fL jfl0fHo 

a}+ssf] ?kdf /x]sf] o; a}+sn] 

ljleGg u|fxsd'vL of]hgfx¿ k:s]/ 

u|fxs dxfg'efjx?nfO{ nfeflGjt 

agfO{/x]sf] Pj+ eljiodf ;d]t o:tf 

sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] s'/fsf] ;d]t 

hfgsf/L u/fP . a} +sn] xfn b]ze/ 

!(@ zfvf sfof{nox?, !(% 

Pl6Pd, $ j6f PS:6]G;g sfpG6/ 

Pj+ $ j6f zfvf/lxt a} +lsË dfkm{t 

a}lsË ;]jf k|bfg ul//x]sf] 5 . 

a} +ssf] jf;nftsf] cfsf/ ¿ !%% 

ca{ eGbf jl9 k'u]sf] 5 eg] a} +ssf] 

s'n shf{ sl/a ¿ !)& ca{ / s'n 

lgIf]k sl/a ¿ !#! ca{ k'lu;s]sf] 

5 . a} +sn] ;+:yfut ;'zf;g, hf]lvd 

Aoj:yfkg / cfGtl/s lgoGq0f 

k|0ffnLsf] pTs[i6 cEof;nfO{ o; 

a} +sn] kfngf ub} { cfPsf] hgfPsf] 

5 . a} +sn] x/]s ;Defljt ahf/ 

If]qdf cfˆgf u|fxsnfO{ ;]jf 

pknAw u/fpg] clek|fon] cGo 

ljleGg :yfgx?df rfF8} g} yk 

zfvf ;+rfng ug] { of]hgf cufl8 

;f/]sf] 5 . 

xhf/ d'No j/fj/sf] !! lsl;dsf 

a]d};dL t/sf/Lsf ljp ljt/0f 

u/]sf] 5 . a}+sn] cfˆgf] ;+:yfut 

;dflhs pQ/bfloTj cGtu{t 

Joj;foLs v]tLdf ;xof]u k'Ug] 

p2]Zon] t/sf/L v]tL, gub]jfnL, 

cGgjfnL nufot cGo jfnLx? 

nufpg !@# hgf ls;fgx?nfO{ 

;f] ljp k|bfg u/]sf] hgfPsf] 

;+o'Qm ;xof]udf ;Kt/L lhNnfsf 

@# ls;fgnfO{ ;f]nf/ kDk ;d]t 

ljt/0f u/]sf] 5 . sfo{qmdx? 

dGtJo /fVb} a}+ssf k|d'v 

sfo{sf/L clws[t ;'lgn s];Ln] 

eg], …s[lifdf ul/g] nufgLn] 

b]zsf] lbuf] lasfzdf 6]jf 

k'Ug] / af:tljs cy{tGqdf 

;d]t nufgL x'g] ePsfn] 

;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/Lsf] nflu xfdL sxfF l;wf} 

;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf, xfdL tkfO{sf] Ifdtf 

cg';f/sf] /f]huf/Ldf k7fpg] 5f}+ . 

;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ ?kdf j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf 

hfg' k/]df xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];\ xfdL tkfO{sf] 

;Lk / Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df ljb]z k7fpFb5f} . 

Kof/f8fO{h OG6/g]zgn k|f=ln= 

cn ;]So'/ d]gkfj/ l/qm'6d]G6 k|f=ln= 

av'N8f]n, nlntk'/, kmf]g M %%#$)$@, %%@@)^#, %%##$#% 

E-mail : pparadise@wilnk.com.np, 

Website : www.paradisemanpower.com 

l;gfd+un, sf7df8f}+ 

kmf]g g+= M $$*(&)), $$()*)), $$(@()) 

www.smrnepal.com 

hg;jfn klAns]zg k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt, sfof{noM b/af/dfu{, sf7df8f}+, kmf]g÷k\mofS;M $@#!*^*, $@^%^(&, d'b|sM PS;k|]; sn/ k|]; k|f=ln=, E-mail: janasawalnews@gmail.com, lgb]{zsM s]kL 9sfn, cWoIf÷;DkfbsM /fdhL aufn]

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