1st page-merged (2)

www.janasawal.com 

jif{ !!, c+s (@, @)&% c;f]h ^ ut] zlgaf/ -g]kfn ;+jt !!#*_ (Saturday 22, September 2018) 

d'No ?= %÷– k[i7 * 

cf]nL–k|r08nfO{ a/fa/ efu 

g]skfsf k|b]z OGrfh{ / cWoIfsf] 6'ª\uf] 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–g]kfn 

sDo'lgi6 kf6L{-g]skf_n] ;ft} 

k|b]zsf OGrfh{, ;xOGrfh{ / 

k|b]z ;+u7g sld6Lsf cWoIf 

/ ;lrj 6'ª\uf] nufPsf] 5 . 

k|wfgdGqLsf] ;/sf/L lgjf; 

afn'6f/df z'qmaf/ a;]sf] kf6L{sf] 

;lrjfno a}7sn] k|wfgdGqL 

tyf cWoIf s]kL zdf{ cf]nL / 

csf{ cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn … 

k|r08Úsf] k|:tfj adf]lhd kf6L{ 

lhDd]jf/L tf]lPsf] xf] . 

kf6L{ ;lrjfno ;b:o Pj+ 

pkk|wfg tyf /IffdGqL O{Zj/ 

kf]v/]nsf cg';f/ k|b]z g+ ! 

sf] OGrfh{df eLd cfrfo{, 

;xOGrfh{df ;fljqL sfÎn] tyf 

k|b]z sld6L cWoIfdf b]j/fh 

l3ld/] / ;lrjdf ;'/]zs'df/ /fO{ 

lgo'Qm ePsf 5g\ . 

To;}u/L k|b]z g+ @ sf] 

OGrfh{df ;Togf/fo0f d08n / 

;xOGrfh{df ljZjgfy ;fx tyf 

k|b]z sld6L cWoIfdf k|e' ;fx 

/ ;lrjdf ;'dg/fh Kofs'/]n 

zfSo / ;xOGrfh{sf] gf/fo0f 

bfxfnn] kfPsf 5g\ eg] k|b]z 

sld6L cWoIfdf lxtdfg zfSo 

/ ;lrjdf cfgGbk|;fb kf]v/]n 

rog ePsf 5g\ . To:t} u08sL 

ePsf 5g\ . To;}u/L k|b]z g+ 

& sf] OGrfh{df eLdaxfb'/ 

/fjn / ;xOGrfh{df nId0fbQ 

hf]zL tyf kf6L{ cWoIfsf] lhDdf 

s0f{xfb'/ yfkfn] / ;lrjsf] 

rog ePsf 5g\ . k|b]z g+ # k|b]zsf] OGrfh{df k[YjL lhDdf g]kaxfb'/ rf}w/Ln] 

sf] OGrfh{sf] lhDdf ci6nIdL ;'Aaf u'?ª / ;xOGrfh{df kfPsf 5g\ . ut h]7 # ut] 

vu/fh clwsf/L tyf k|b]z ;fljssf] g]skf-Pdfn]_ / g]skf dGqL lai6n] u/] x:tfIf/ 

ljz]if=== 

sld6L cWoIfdf lxt/fh kf08] -dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|_ Pstfkl5sf] sf7df8f}+-h;_–g]kfn / 

/ ;lrjdf uf]ljGb g]kfnLn] of] lg0f{onfO{ dxTjk"0f{ blIf0f sf]l/ofaLr /f]huf/ cg'dlt 

rog ePsf 5g\ . To;}u/L pknAwLsf ?kdf x]l/Psf] 5 . k|0ffnL -OlkP;_ dfkm{t sfdbf/ 

g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3sf] lgjf{rg ljz]if k|b]z g+ % sf] OGrfh{sf] lhDdf b]zsf && lhNnf / hgjuL{o n}hfg];DaGwL ;Demf}tfsf] 

zª\s/ kf]v/]nn] / ;xOGrfh{df ;+u7gsf] Pstf;DaGwL gjLs/0f ePsf] 5 . >d, /f]huf/ 

oIfWjh sfsL{ 

# lgdf{0fd}qL sfg'g=== 

cWoIfsf pDd]bjf/ bnaxfb'/ /fgfn] kfPsf 5g\ eg] sfo{bnn] cfÎgf] k|ltj]bg kf6L{ tyf ;fdflhs ;'/IffdGqL 

kf6L{ sld6L cWoIfdf cf]g;/L g]t[TjnfO{ a'emfO;s]sf] 5 . uf]s0f{/fh lji6n] pgsf] blIf0f 

sfsL{ Kofgnsf pDd]bjf/x? s] eG5g\ < 

3tL{ / ;lrjdf huk|zfb zdf{ kf6L{ ;lrjfno ;b:o kf]v/]nn] sf]l/ofnL ;dsIfL nL h]O Sofkn] 

j}b]lzs /f]huf/df caf}{ 7uL 

^ 

lgo'Qm ePsf 5g\ . 

z'qmaf/ lhDd]jf/L kfpg] k|b]z k7fPsf] ;Demf}tf gjLs/0f 

s0ff{nL k|b]z OGrfh{df OGrfh{ tyf kf6L{ sld6L cWoIfn] ug]{;DaGwL ;dembf/Lkqdf 

& sfsL{ Kofgnsf] k|lta4tf kq===== 

hgfb{g zdf{ / ;xOGrfh{df dftxtsf lhNnf sld6Lsf] x:tfIf/ ug{'ePkl5 ;Demf}tfsf] 

odnfn sF8]n tyf kf6L{ sld6L Pstf sfo{nfO{ rf8f] 6'ª\uf]df gjLs/0f ePsf] xf] . b'O{ jif{cl3 

sfsL{ Kofgnsf pDd]bjf/x? s] eG5g\ < * cWoIfdf uf]/vaxfb'/ af]u6L / k'¥ofpg dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x g]kfn–sf]l/ofaLr ePsf] pQm 

;lrjdf dfofk|;fb zdf{ rog ug]{ ljZjf; JoQm u/] . ;dembf/Lsf] cjlw oxL c;f]h 

g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3sf] lgjf{rg cfh 

sfsL{ ;d"xsf] lht ;'lglZrt 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–sf7df8f}Fdf 

hf/L g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL 

dxf;+3sf] @) cf}+ ;fwf/0f;ef 

tyf !! cf}+ dxflwj]zgdf cfh 

gofF g]Q[Tj rog x'g] ePsf] 5 . 

;+3sf] g]Q[Tjsf nflu zlgaf/ 

/fli6«o k|1f k|lti7fgdf lgjf{rg 

sfo{qmd x'g] ;+3n] hfgsf/L 

lbPsf] 5 . cfufdL cWoIfsfnflu 

;lrj, Ps sfo{sfn k|yd 

dxf;lrj, Ps sfo{sfn k|yd 

pkfWoIf, ;Nnfxsf/ x'Fb} cWoIf 

eP/ sfd u/]sf] cg'ej 5 . 

:jR5 5lj ePsf OdfGbf/, bIf 

/ nugzLn Joj;foLx? sfsL{ 

g]t[Tjsf] Kofgndf /x]sf] x'gfn] 

lht ;'lglZrt /x]sf] k|rf/ k|rf/ 

;+of]hs vf]kLlgwL nf]xgLsf] 

lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] pTyfgsf 

nflu of] l6dn] lhTg h?/L 5Ú, 

jl/i7 pkfWoIf kbsf pDd]bjf/ 

nId0f /fgf eG5g\, …/fHosf] 

ef}lts k"jf{wf/ alnof] agfO{ 

;'vL g]kfnsf] agfpg cfkm\gf] 

d"n Ph]08f ;fljt ub{} sfd ug{ 

;Sg] v'aL ePsf Joj;foLx? 

xfd|f] l6ddf 5f}F .Úcfd lgdf{0f 

dfcf]jfbLlgs6 Joj;foLx?sf] 

;+u7g Pp6} ePsf] x'gfn] lhtsf] 

cfwf/ alnof] ePsf] sfsL{n] 

atfP . P;f]lzo6, k|b]zx? 

/ lhNnfx?÷:yfgLo txaLr 

;dGjo ul/ cfk;L ;DaGw 

;'dw'/ ul/ ;a} ju{, ljz]if ul/ 

tNnf] ju{ / lk5l8Psf lgdf{0f 

Joj;foLx?sf] nflu sfd kfpg 

;Sg] Kofs]lhªsf] gLltut ;'wf/ 

ug{, ljleGg ;d:ofaf6 u|l;t 

/lx/x]sf cw'/f cfof]hgfx?sf] 

;d:of klxrfg ul/ tL 

cfof]hgfx? ;DkGg / km/km/fs 

ug{sf nflu casf] lbgaf6 Ps 

sfFu|];n] ;ft} k|b]zdf /fo lng] 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–g]kfnL sfFu|];sf] ljwfg 

;+zf]wg d:of}bf ;ldltn] ;+zf]lwt ljwfgsf 

;DaGwdf ;ft} k|b]zdf /fo tyf ;'emfj lng] 

ePsf] 5 . d'n's ;ª\3Lo ;+/rgfdf uP;Fu} 

sfFu|];n] klg To;cg'?k ljwfg kl/dfh{g ug{ 

;ft} k|b]zaf6 /fo tyf ;'emfj ;ª\sng ug{ 

nfu]sf] xf] . sfFu|];sf dxfdGqL k"0f{axfb'/ 

v8\sfsf] ;+of]hsTjdf /x]sf ;ldltn] kf6L{sf] 

;+zf]wg x'g nfu]sf] ljwfgdf ;DalGwt 

k|b]zsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o, lhNnf ;efklt, 

dxf;ldlt ;b:o, dxflwj]zg k|ltlglw, 

;ª\3Lo ;f+;b, k|b]z ;f+;b / e|ft[ ;+:yfsf 

k|d'vsf] /fo tyf ;'emfj lng nfu]sf] xf] . 

k|b]z ^ / & sf] Ps÷Ps :yfg / c? k|b]zsf] 

b'O{÷b'O{ :yfgaf6 /fo ;ª\sng ug{ nfluPsf] 

;ldltsf ;b:o k|bLk kf}8]nn] hfgsf/L 

hgsk'/ / jL/u~h, k|b]z–# sf7df8f}F / 

sfe|]knf~rf]s, k|b]z–$ kf]v/f / afun'ª, 

k|b]z–% bfª / a'6jn, k|b]z–^ ;'v]{t / 

k|b]z–& sf] s}nfnLdf /fo ;ª\sng ul/g]5 . 

;ldltn] ;a} k|b]zaf6 /fo ;ª\sng ug{sf 

k|b]z–! gjLGb|/fh hf]zL, cfgGbk|;fb 

9'ª\ufgf, k|b]z–@ 8f dLg]Gb| l/hfn / dxfnIdL 

pkfWofo …l8gfÚ, k|b]z–# lbn]Gb|k|;fb a8" / 

;Ltf u'?ª, k|b]z–$ km/d'Nnfx dG;'/ / cd/ 

l;+x k'g, k|b]z–% /d]z n]vs / dbgaxfb'/ 

cdfTo, k|b]z ^ / & df eg] dfgaxfb'/ 

ljZjsdf{ / k|bLk kf}8]nnfO{ v6fOPsf] 5 . 

vl6Psf ;b:on] oxL c;f]h * b]lv !# 

ut];Dd ;a} k|b]zsf] ;'emfj ;ª\sng ul/;Sg] 

/ ;ª\sng ul/Psf] /fo ;'emfjnfO{ ;dfj]z 

u/]/ bz} cufl8 g} d:of}bfnfO{ clGtd?k lbg] 

u[xsfo{ eO/x]sf] ;ldltsf ;+of]hs v8\sfn] 

hfgsf/L lbP . ;+zf]lwt ljwfgnfO{ bz}F / 

ltxf/sf] aLrdf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf a'emfpg] 

tof/L ;d]t eO/x]sf] 5 . s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] 

ljwfgsf] af/]df 5nkmn u/L d+l;/df x'g] 

lbP . k|b]z–! sf] Onfd / lj/f6gu/, k|b]z–@ nflu b'O{÷b'O{ hgf ;b:o v6fPsf] 5 . dxf;ldlt a}7sdf /fVg]5 . 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

OlkP;dfkm{t sfdbf/ n}hfg] ;Demf}tf gjLs/0f 

jif{ Dofb yk ul/ ;dfwfg 

ug{ ;DalGwt lgsfodf kxn 

ug{ ;Sg] ePsfn] klg sfsL{ 

;d"xsf] lht cfjZos /x]sf] 

Joj;foLx?sf] egfO{ 5 . 

zlgaf/ x'g] lgjf{rgdf 

Ps cWoIf, al/i7 pkfWoIf, 

& k|b]z pkfWoIf, P;f]l;P6 

pkfWoIf, dxf;lrj ;lxt 

kbflwsf/L / ;b:ox? u/L 

s'n %$ kbsfnflu lgjf{rg 

x'g]5 . dxf;+3sf k|jQmf lji0f' 

a'9fyf]sLn] cfufdL lgjf{rgdf 

Ps cWoIf, jl/i7 pkfWoIf, & 

k|b]z pkfWoIf, 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

$ ut];Dd lyof] . k|To]s b'O{÷b'O{ 

jif{df ;dembf/L gjLs/0f x'Fb} 

cfPsf] 5 . 

j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefu, 

OlkP; sf]l/of zfvfsf lgb]{zs 

s[i0fk|;fb vgfnn] cfufdL b'O{ 

jif{sf nflu OlkP; k|0ffnLdfkm{t 

g]kfnL sfdbf/ sf]l/of n}hfg] 

;Demf}tf gjLs/0f ePsf] hfgsf/L 

lbP . blIf0f sf]l/ofaf6 cfPsf] 

gjLs/0f;DaGwL ;dembf/L 

kqdf g]kfnsf >ddGqL lji6n] 

x:tfIf/ u/]sf x'g\ . To;cl3 pQm 

gjLs/0f;DaGwL ;dembf/Lkq 

xfn}sf] dlGqkl/ifb\sf] a}7sn] 

cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmd lkmtf{ 

sf7df8f}+– ;/sf/ / 

cfGbf]ng/t g]kfn :jtGq ;jf/L 

rfns ;+3if{ ;ldltaLr cf7 

a'Fb] ;xdlt ePsf] 5 . z'qmaf/ 

l;+xb/af/df b'a} kIfaLr ePsf] 

jftf{sf qmddf ;f] ;xdlt ePsf] 

xf] . b'O{ kIfaLr cf7 a'Fb] ;xdlt 

eP;Fu} rfns ;+3if{ ;ldltn] 

;Dk"0f{ cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmdx? 

lkmtf{ lnPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] 

cfGbf]ngsf qmddf y'gfdf 

/x]sf ;jf/L rfnsx?nfO{ ;d]t 

z'qmaf/} l/xf ug]{ tof/L u/]sf] 5 . 

:jLs[t u/]sf] lyof] . g]kfn 

;/sf/ / blIf0f sf]l/ofaLr 

ePsf] ;dembf/Lcg';f/ ;g\ 

;xdltdf ;jf/L rfnsx?nfO{ 

;do ;dodf ;8s ;'/Iff 

;DaGwL ;r]tgfd'ns sfo{qmd 

ug]{b]lv 6«flkms k|x/Lsf] Jojxf/ 

kl/jt{gsf nflu u[xdGqfnon] 

@))* b]lv OlkP; k|0ffnLdfkm{t 

/f]huf/Lsf nflu g]kfnL sfdbf/ 

blIf0f sf]l/of hfg yfn]sf x'g\ . 

;f] k|0ffnLdfkm{t clxn];Dd %$ 

xhf/ #^# g]kfnL sfdbf/ blIf0f 

sf]l/of uPsf 5g\ h;df dlxnf 

tLg xhf/ ##* / k'?if %! xhf/ 

@% 5g\ . 

xfn blIf0f sf]l/ofdf s/La 

#% xhf/ g]kfnL sfdbf/ sfo{/t 

/x]sf] zfvfn] hgfPsf] 5 . ;g\ 

@)!* sf] efiff k/LIffaf6 ;ft 

xhf/ ((* sfdbf/ sf]l/of 

hfFb}5g\ . OlkP;dfkm{t sf]l/of 

hfg] g]kfnLsf] 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

;/sf/ / cfGbf]ng/t ;jf/L 

rfnsaLr cf7 a'Fb] ;xdlt 

cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg] ;d]tsf 

a' Fbfx? ;d]l6Psf 5g\ . k|wfgdGqL 

sfof{nodf ePsf] # 306f 

nfdf] jftf{df ;/sf/sf] 

tkm{af6 k|wfgdGqL8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

dxf;+3sf k"j{ cWoIf oIfWjh 

sfsL{, k"j{ al/i7 pkfWoIf /la 

l;+x, ;+3sf jt{dfg dxf;lrj 

/fdz/0f b]phfaLr k|lt:kwf{ 

x'g] 5 . gofF g]Q[Tjsf nflu 

x'g] k|lt:kwf{df sfsL{ Kofgnsf] 

hLt ;'lglZrt b]lvPsf] 

5 . ev{/} kf6L{ Pstfkl5 ag]sf] 

g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{-g]skf_ 

lgs6 k"j{ g]skf Pdfn] / 

k"j{ dfcf]afbL s]Gb| ;dly{t 

k|ultzLn Joj;foLx?sf] ;dy{g 

/x]sf sf/0f sfsL{ Kofgn alnof] 

b]lvPsf] xf] . otf k|hftflGqs 

cyf{t g]kfnL sfFu|]; ;dly{t 

Joj;foLx?aLr s'/f gldNbf 

cWoIfd} b'O{hgf pDd]bjf/ v8f 

ePkl5 k|hftflGqs Kofgn 

sdhf]/ b]lvPsf] 5 . 

oIfWjh sfsL{ -YD_ g]t[Tjsf] 

;d"x k|ultzLn Joj;foLx?sf] 

g]t[Tj ub{} r'gfjL d}bfgdf 5 . 

sfsL{;Fu dxf;+3sf] b'O{ sfo{sfn 

bfaL 5 . …xfdL;Fu ljs[lt / 

lj;+ultsf] lj/f]w ug{] l6d 5Ú, 

;+of]hs nf]xgLn] eg], …t;y{ 

of] lht jfO{8L Kofgnsf] dfq 

geO{ ;du| lgdf{0f Joj;foL / 

/fHo lgdf{0fsf nflu xf] .Ú sfsL{ 

;d"xsf] Joj;foLx?sf] lht 

ePsf] v08df jt{dfg ;/sf/n] 

to u/]sf] ;'vL g]kfnL, ;d[4 

g]kfnsf] ofqfnfO{ k"0f{ ?kn] 

;3fp k'Ug] ljZjf; lnOPsf] 

5 . ;/sf/sf] gf/f / nIonfO{ 

cfTd;ft\ u/]sf] ;d"x ePsfn] 

klg sfsL{ ;d"xn] lhTg' 

cfjZos /x]sf] Joj;foLx? 

atfpF5g\ . /fHo lgdf{0fsf] 

ofqfdf Joj;foLx?sf] ;d]t 

7"nf] xft x'g] ePsfn] o;sf] 

emg} dxTj /x]sf] pgLx?sf] 

egfO{ 5 . 

…;d[4 g]kfn lgdf{0fsf 

nflu lgdf{0f / k"jf{wf/ tof/ ug{ 

;/sf/;Fu P]Soj4tf /fVb} ;du| 

Joj;foLsf ;d:of ;dfwfg 

ug{, /fHo / hgtfsf] aLrdf 

k'nsf] sfd ug{ klg sfsL{ 

g]t[Tjsf] ;d"xn] lhTg cfjZos 

/x]sf] s0ff{nL k|b]zaf6 cfPsf 

Ps k|ltlglwsf] a'emfO{ 5 . 

8An'l6cf]sf] lgod cg';f/ 

!) nfv 8n/ a/fa/sf lgdf{0f 

sfo{x? lagf of]Uotf g} efu 

lng kfpg] kxn ug{, xfn 

;DaGw eO/x]sf / cGo cGt/ 

f{li6«o lgdf{0f Joj;foL ;+3x?, 

dxf;+3x?;Fuu ;Dks{ ul/ 

;DaGw lj:tf/ ug{, g]kfndf 

ePsf /fhb"tfjf; ljz]if 

ul/ k"jf{wf/ ljsf;df cfly{s 

;xof]u ug{] b]zsf] /fhb"tfjf;;Fu 

;dGjo ul/ lgdf{0fsf] cj;/ 

a9fpg / nufgL leq\ofpg 

k|oTg ug{ cfkm" g]t[Tjsf] ;d"xn] 

lhTg'kg{] cWoIfsf k|Tof;L 

oIfWjh -jfO8L_ sf] bfaL 5 . 

o;sf ;fy} tTsfnLg Pdfn] /

@)&% c;f]h ^ ut], zlgaf/ 

Saturday 22, September 2018 

;dfrf/ 

lghL If]q ;/sf/sf] pRr k|fyldstfdf 

kf]v/f-h;_–cy{dGqL 8f 

o'j/fh vltj8fn] hgdtsf] 

sb/ u/]/ hgtfsf] rfxgf, 

cfsfª\Iff / ;d:ofnfO{ 

;dfwfg ug]{tkm{ ;/sf/ cu|;/ 

/x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . kf]v/f 

pBf]u jfl0fHo ;ª\3sf] #@ cf}F 

dxflwj]zgsf] pb\3f6g ub]{ pgn] 

lghL If]qnfO{ ;/sf/n] pRr 

k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] :ki6 kf/] . 

s/ k|0ffnLnfO{ ;/nLs[t ug]{ 

;/sf/sf] gLlt /x]sf] hfgsf/L 

u/fpFb} pgn] s/bftfnfO{ 

pT;flxt ug]{, s/ glng' kg]{df 

s/ glng] / lng'kg]{df Ps 

?k}ofF klg g5f]8\g] k|lta4tf 

k|s6 u/] . 

cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo If]qsf] 

ljsf;sf nflu cfufdL kmfu'g 

dxLgfdf nufgLsf nflu cGt/ 

f{li6«o ;Dd]ng ug{ nfu]sf] 

hfgsf/L u/fpFb} cy{dGqL 8f 

vltj8fn] pBf]uLnfO{ 

ljb]zL pBf]uL;Fu ;+o'Qm 

nufgLsf] If]qnufotsf ljifodf 

7f]; ;'emfj Nofpg ;'emfj 

lbP . ;/sf/n] nufgL;DaGwL 

sfg"g 5 dxLgfdf kl/dfh{g 

ug]{ pNn]v ub}{ pgn] ;f]cGtu{t 

nufgL af]8{sf] u7g, ;fj{hlgs 

v/Lb P]gdf ;+zf]wg, cf}Bf]lus 

Joj;fo lgodfjnL P]gdf 

kl/dfh{gsf ;fy} sfnfahf/L 

;8s aGb gug{ d]nDrL 

cfof]hgf;Fu dfu 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–/fli6«o 

uf}/jsf] d]nDrL vfg]kfgL 

cfof]hgf ;DkGg ug]{ gfddf 

k':tf}Fb]lv ;~rfngdf /x]sf] 

;'Gb/Lhnsf] k'/fgf] af6f] aGb 

gug{ :yfgLojf;Ln] dfu u/]sf 

5g\ . ;'Gb/Lhnaf6 lzjk'/L 

gfufh'{g /fli6«o lgs'~h x'Fb} 

lr;fkfgL, x]nDa', nfª\6fª, 

d]nDrLnufot hfg] df]6/af6f] 

aGb u/L cfof]hgfn] clwu|x0f 

u/]sf] hUufsf 5]paf6 gofF 

;8s vf]Ng] of]hgf cl3 ;f/]sf] 

:yfgLo ;'zLn l;Dv8fn] atfP . 

clxn]sf] ;8s cfof]hgfn] 

clwu|x0f u/]sf] hUufsf] aLrdf 

k5{ . Tof] ;8s kfgL k|zf]wg 

s]Gb| lgdf{0fsf nflu hUuf 

clwu|x0f ug'{cl3 g} alg;s]sf] 

lyof] . ;8s aGb u/] ko{6sLo 

s]Gb| lr;fkfgL x]nDa', nfª\6fª, 

d]nDrLnufot :yfgdf hfg] 

P]g, ahf/ cg'udg, pkef]Qmf 

P]g ;+zf]wgsf] k|lqmofdf /x]sf] 

/ lg:t]h ePsf P]gnfO{ vf/]h 

ug]{ ;f]rfO /x]sf] atfP . 

rfn" cfjdf d'n'ssf] 

cfly{s j[l4 cf7 k|ltztdf 

k'¥ofpg] ;/sf/sf] nIo /x]sf] 

hfgsf/L u/fpFb} pgn] eg], 

æd'n'ssf] cfly{s ljsf;df 

lghL If]q / pkef]Qmfsf] *) 

k|ltzt /fhZjdf of]ubfg 

/x]sfn] pTkfbgsf] Ifdtf x]/]/ 

nIo /flvPsf] xf] .Æ pgn] 

;ª\3Lo ;/sf/, k|b]z / :yfgLo 

;/sf/=== 

sfof{nosf ;lrj s]bf/axfb'/ clwsf/L, 

u[xdGqfnosf ;lrj k|]ds'df/ /fO{, ef}lts,k"jf{wf/ 

dGqfnosf ;lrj dw';'bg clwsf/L, sfg'g ;lrj 

/fhLj uf}td ;xeflu lyP eg] cfGbf]ng/t kIfsf] 

tkm{af6 ;jf/L rfns ;+3if{ ;ldltsf ;+of]hs j;Gt 

zdf{, ;x;+of]hs ch{'g clwsf/L;lxtsf] 6f]nL ;xeflu 

/x]sf] lyof] . 

O{lkP;dfk{mt=== 

;+Vof lbg–k|ltlbg a9\b} uPsf] 5 . vfF8L d'n'sdf 

h:tf] sfdbf/n] cgfjZos emGem6 Joxf]g{' gkg]{ / 

cfsif{s tna ;'ljwfsf sf/0f klg sf]l/of g]kfnL 

sfdbf/sf] /f]hfOdf kb}{ cfPsf] 5 . clxn] g]kfnL 

sfdbf/n] dfl;s ? Ps nfv %) xhf/b]lv b'O{ nfv;Dd 

kfl/>lds kfpFb} cfPsf 5g\ . 

;'/lIft uGtJo, sfdsf] ;'lglZrttf, sfdbf/ 

/ /f]huf/bftfsf] sfo{;Demf}tf, j}wflgstf / clwsf/ 

:yflkt x'g], sfd ug]{ cjlwsf] lglZrttf -rf/ jif{ !) 

dlxgf_, k'gM sf]l/of hfg;lsg], t];|f] kIf / bnfnsf] 

u'~hfo; gx'g]nufot sf/0faf6 sf]l/of hfg OR5's 

txaLr /fhZjsf] afF8kmfF6 ug]{ 

gLltcGtu{t ;ª\3Lo ;/sf/n] 

&) k|ltzt / k|b]z tyf :yfgLo 

txnfO{ #) k|ltzt / /f]ofN6Ldf 

%) k|ltzt 5'§ofOPsf] eGb} 

pgn] eg], æ? !!$ ca{ k|b]z / 

:yfgLo txdf /fhZj afF8kmfF6 

dxflwj]zgsf] 

u/L k7fOPsf] 5 .Æ;ª\3Lo ;'emfj lbP . 

z'esfdgf k|s6 u/] 

;/sf/sf] @) k|ltzt /fhZjdf gofF gu/kflnsfdf 

sdL ePsf] 5 eg] bfloTj a9]sf] k|f/lDes jif{df hgtfnfO{ s/ 

k|;ª\u pNn]v ub]{ pgn] eg], æ? ltg]{ afgL gePsfn] w]/} s/ 

;ft ca{sf] clgjfo{ bfloTjdf gaf]sfpg ;'emfj lbFb} pgn] 

sd{rf/Lsf] tna, cjsfz k|fKt /fd|f] ;]jf lbPkl5 qmdzM 

sd{rf/Lsf] k]G;g, ;fdflhs s/sf] bfo/f a9fpg'kg]{ ljifodf 

pBf]u ;ldltsf] ;efkltdf >Ljf:tj 

sf7df8fF}-h;_–k|ltlglw;efcGtu{tsf] 

pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo / >d tyf pkef]Qmf lxt 

;ldltsf ;efkltdf ljdnk|;fb >Ljf:tj 

lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt ePsf 5g\ . ;ldltsf] 

z'qmaf/ a;]sf] a}7sn] pgnfO{ lglj{/f]w 

lgjf{lrt u/]sf] xf] . >Ljf:tjnfO{ ;ldltsf] 

;efkltdf ljGbf kf08]n] k|:tfj / 

uf]kfnaxfb'/ adn] ;dy{g u/]sf lyP . 

;ldltsf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf ub}{ cfpg'ePsf 

Ho]i7 ;b:o d's'Gb Gof}kfg]n] k|ltlglw;ef 

lgodfjnL !&# sf] pklgod $ adf]lhd 

;ldltsf] ;efkltdf >Ljf:tj lglj{/f]w 

lgjf{lrt ePsf] 3f]if0ff u/] . 

lj;+ @))& df k;f{sf] 

jL/u~hdf hGd]sf >Ljf:tj k;f{ If]q g+ 

@ af6 k|ltlglw;ef ;b:osf ?kdf ;ª\3Lo 

g]kfnLsf] ;+Vof a9\b} uPsf] OlkP; sf]l/ofn] hgfPsf] 

5 . xfn g]kfnnufot !^ d'n'saf6 jflif{s sl/a %) 

xhf/ sfdbf/ OlkP; k|0ffnLdfkm{t blIf0f sf]l/of hfg] 

u/]sf 5g\ . 

sf+u|];n]=== 

;+ljwfgn] lbPsf] clwsf/cg';f/ kf6L{sf] ljwfgnfO{ 

n}hfgsf nflu sfFu|];n] dlxnfsf] clwsf/nfO{ ;d]t 

:yfgLo txb]lv s]Gb|;Dd ## k|ltzt agfpg nfu]sf] 5 . 

sfFu|];n] ufpF 6f]n ;ldlt, j8f;ldlt, kflnsf ;ldlt, 

k|b]z If]q ;ldlt, ;ª\3Lo lgjf{rg If]q ;ldlt, lhNnf 

sfo{;ldlt, k|b]z sfo{;ldlt / s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldlt u/L 

cf7 ;ldlt /xg] u/L ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf] k|lqmof cufl8 

a9fPsf] 5 . 

;ldltsf] a}7sdf k"/} kbflwsf/L / s]Gb|Lo 

;ldltsf] cfsf/ a9fpg] ljifodf ;a}sf] ;xdlt h'6]klg 

slt ;b:o agfpg] eGg] af/]df eg] cem} 6'ª\uf] nfu]sf] 

5}g . xfn sfFu|];df 5 kbflwsf/L;lxt *% ;b:oLo 

s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt /x]sf] 5 . o'jfnfO{ kf6L{leq cfslif{t 

ug{sf nflu dxflwj]zg k|ltlglwdf @% jif{d'lgsf !% 

k|ltzt o'jfnfO{ ;d]6\g'kg]{ ljifodf ;d]t ;ldltdf 

;'/Iff eQf / /fli6«o uf}/j 

bfloTjsf kl/of]hgf 5g\ .Æ 

s/sf] bfo/f a9fpg] 

hfgsf/L u/fpFb} pgn] 

Joj;fosf ?kdf b]lvPsf 

gu/f]Gd'v If]qdf …s/ ;]jf 

s]Gb|Úsf] :yfkgf, s/ ;]jfnfO{ 

cfGtl/s /fhZj sfof{nosf] 

?kdf a9f]Q/L ug]{ / 5f]6] 

eG;f/nfO{ d"n eG;f/sf] kl/0ft 

ug]{, dlb/f Joj;foLnfO{ d"No 

clej[l4 s/df Nofpg] atfP . 

s/sf p7]sf b'ljwfnfO{ ;fDo 

kfl/Psf] 5 eg] sltkon] s/sf] 

ljifodf ga'em]sf] / sltkon] e|d 

l;h{gf u/]sf] eGb} pgn] s[lifdf 

s/ nufOPsf] 5}g, s[lifsf] 

Joj;fodf s/ nufOPsf], xf6 

ahf/nfO{ GfofF Jojl:yt 9ª\un] 

ug{ nfluPsf] hfgsf/L u/fP . 

s/sf] ljifodf k|b]z / :yfgLo 

;/sf/nfO{ ;ª\3Lo ;/sf/sf] 

sfg"g;Fu gafFlemg] u/L sfg"g 

lgdf{0f ug'{kg]{ ljifodf hf]8 lbFb} 

pgn] :yfgLo txnfO{ s/sf] 

Ifdtfdf ljsf; u/]/ s/ nufpg 

;fdhjfbL kmf]/d g]kfnsf] tkm{af6 ljhoL 

ePsf x'g\ . 7fs'//fd ax'd'vL SofDk;df 

cWoogs} qmddf pgn] @)@% ;fndf 

ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngsf] g]t[Tj u/]sf lyP . 

k6sk6s jL/u~h dxfgu/kflnsfsf] 

k|d'vdf lgjf{lrt eO{ :yfgLo hgtfdfem 

nf]slk|o x'g'ePsf ;efklt >Ljf:tjn] af/f, 

k;f{ cf}Bf]lus sl/8f]/df v'n]sf pBf]udf 

sfo{/t >ldsnfO{ plrt kfl/>lds lbnfpg 

pNn]Vo of]ubfg u/]sf lyP . ;+;b\sf] lgodfjnL 

lgdf{0fsf qmddf >Ljf:tjn] ;dGjotfTds 

e"ldsf v]Ng'ePsf] pgsf] k|:tfjs Pj+ 

;ldltsf ;b:o kf08]n] atfP . 

;/sf/nfO{ /rgfTds ;xof]u 

;ldltsf] ;efkltdf lgjf{lrt 

ePnuQ} /f;;;Fu s'/f ub}{ ;efklt 

:yfgLo txnfO{ ;'emfj lbP . 

g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;ª\3sf 

pkfWoIf rGb| 9sfnn] d'n'ssf] 

ljsf;df lghL If]qsf] dxTjk"0f{ 

of]ubfg /x]sf] atfP . pgn] 

;/sf/sf] ;d[4 g]kfn lgdf{0fsf] 

gf/fnfO{ ;kmn agfpgsf nflu 

pBf]uL Joj;foLn] dxTjk"0f{ 

e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ k|lta4tf 

k|s6 u/] . 

kf]v/f dxfgu/kflnsfsf 

k|d'v dfgaxfb'/ lh;Ln] lghL 

If]qsf] pTkflbt j:t'sf] ljt/0f 

ug]{ jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gf x'g'kg]{ 

pNn]v ub]{ ;d[4 dxfgu/kflnsf 

s;/L agfpg] lhDd]jf/L ;j} 

kIfsf] /x]sf] atfP . kf]v/f 

pBf]u jfl0fHo ;ª\3sf cWoIf 

ljZjzª\s/ kflnv]sf] cWoIftfdf 

;DkGg sfo{qmddf g]kfn pBf]u 

jfl0fHo dxf;ª\3sf k"j{cWoIf 

cfgGb/fh d'NdL, pBf]u 

jfl0fHo ;ª\3 afun'ªsf cWoIf 

ho/fd ef/L, kf]v/f pjf;ª\3sf 

k"j{cWoIf j;Gt pbf;nufotn] 

;kmntfsf] 

.;f]xL 

cj;/df OG8f]g]lzofdf ;DkGg 

!* cf}F PlzofnL v]ns"bdf 

Kof/fUnfOl8ªtkm{ /ht kbsk|fKt 

ug{ ;kmn v]nf8L, k|lzIfssf 

;fy} pTs[i6 Joj;foLnfO{ 

;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . 

>Ljf:tjn] jt{dfg ;/sf/nfO{ /rgfTds 

;xof]u ug]{ / ;xof]uLsf] e"ldsf 

lgjf{x ug]{ atfP . pgn] eg], æxfdLn] 

;+;b\df p7fpFb} cfPsf] hglxtsf ljifodf 

;/sf/nfO{ 3R3Rofpg], ;d;fdlos 

ljifodf ;bgdfkm{t ;/sf/nfO{ hfgsf/L 

u/fpg] 5f}F .Æ;ldltsf] g]t[Tj ;Dxfn]nuQ} 

cfkm"nfO{ k|fKt ePsf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug]{ 

k|ltj4tf JoQm ub}{ ;efklt >Ljf:tjn] 

pBf]u, jfl0fHo, >d tyf pkef]Qmfsf 

lxtsf ljifonfO{ ljz]if Wofg lbg] atfP . 

pgn] eg], ærf8af8 glhs cfO;s]sf] 

5, pkef]Qmfsf] xslxtsf nflu tTsfn 

ug'{kg]{ sfdnfO{ cl3 a9fpF5f}F . hgtfsf] 

ck]Iff tyf hgtf / ;/sf/aLr k'nsf] 

sfd ug]{5f}F .Æ 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–;ª\3Lo ;+;b\sf] ;+o'Qm ;ldltsf] s'g} k|:t't ug{], ;dy{sn] ;DalGwt s[lif, ;xsf/L tyf k|fs[lts ;|f]t 

ko{6s klg k|efljt x'g]5g\ . ;+;b\ -k|ltlglw;ef÷ /fli6«o;ef_ ;b:onfO{ ;efkltdf lgjf{lrt k|:tfjnfO{ ;dy{g ug{] / k|:tfj ;ldlt 5g\ . o;}u/L dlxnf tyf 

d]nDrL vfg]kfgL sf ;+o'Qm b'O{ ;ldltsf ul/of];\ egL s'g} csf{] ;b:on] lg0f{ofy{ k|:t't ug{] sfo{qmd ;fdflhs, /fHo Joj:yf tyf 

cfof]hgfn] l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] ;efkltsf] lgjf{rg sfo{qmd ;dy{g;lxt k|:tfj btf{ /x]sf] lj1lKtdf hgfOPsf] 5 . ;'zf;g, ljsf; / k|ljlw, lzIff 

d]nDrL vf]nfnufot yk tLg z'qmaf/ ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . tL u/fpg'kg{]5 . 

k|ltlglw;efcGtu{t / :jf:Yo tyf ;fj{hlgs n]vf 

vf]nfsf] kfgL ;'?ª dfu{af6 ;+o'Qm ;ldltdf ;+;bLo ;'g'jfO btf{ u/fpg] ;do;Ldf !) ljifout ;ldltsf ;ldlt 5g\ . /fli6«o;efcGtu{t 

sf7df8f}Fsf] ;'Gb/Lhnl:yt / /fHosf lgb{]zs, l;4fGt, gLlt laxfg ck/fXg @ ah]b]lv ;efkltsf] lgjf{rg sfo{qmd rf/ ljifout ;ldltsf ;efklt 

dxfFsfndf NofO{ kfgL k|zf]wg / bfloTj ;ldlt 5g\ . lgjf{rg % ah];Dd lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] z'qmaf/ ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . tL rog k|lqmof ;DkGg eO;s]sf 

s]Gb|df k|zf]wg u/L pkTosfdf oxL c;f]h & ut] ck/fXg ! 5 . o;kl5 ;lrjfnon] btf{ bzdWo] ^ ;ldltsf ;efkltdf 5g\ . tL ;ldltdf lbuf] ljsf; 

ljt/0f ug]{ af6f] aGb ug{ nfu]sf] M)) ah] x'g] sfo{qmd 5 . ePsf k|:tfjsf] btf{qmdfg';f/ dlxnf ;f+;b lgjf{lrt ePsf tyf ;'zf;g, ljwfog Joj:yfkg, 

xf] . uf]s0f]{Zj/ gu/kflnsf–! ;+;b\ ;lrjfnosf dxf;lrj ;"rL k|sfzg ug{]5 . c;f]h 5g\ . k|ltlglw;efcGtu{t cy{, k|Tofof]lht Joj:yfkg 

dxfFsfnsf gful/s;d]t dgf]x/k|;fb e§/fO{åf/f z'qmaf/ & ut] cfOtaf/ ck/fXg ! cGt/f{li6«o ;DaGw, pBf]u tyf tyf ;/sf/L cfZjf;g / 

d]nDrL vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfaf6 oxfF hf/L lj1lKtcg';f/ lgjf{rg ah]b]lv ;DalGwt ;ldltsf jfl0fHo / >d tyf pkef]Qmf lxt, /fli6«o ;/f]sf/ tyf ;dGjo 

k|ToIf k|efljt 5g\ . k|lqmofcGtu{t zlgaf/ ;ª\3Lo a}7sdf k|:tfjsn] k|:tfj sfg"g, Gofo tyf dfgjclwsf/, ;ldlt 5g\ . 

ljB't\ k|flws/0fdf gofF Joj:yf, g]tfsf] xflh/ clgjfo{ 

sf7df8f} F-h;_–g]kfn ljB't\ 

k|flws/0fdf lqmofzLn 6«]8 o'lgogsf 

kbflwsf/Ln] lgoldt?kdf xflh/ u/L sfd 

sfh ug]{ u/L gofF Joj:yf nfu" ulPsf] 

5 . cfGtl/s k|zf;g k|0ffnL ;'wf/ u/L 

gful/snfO{ a9LeGbf a9L ;]jf lbg] nIosf 

;fy k|flws/0fn] ;f] Joj:yf nfu" u/]sf] 

xf] . ut ebf} @% ut] a;]sf] k|flws/0f 

a}7sn] ld6/ l/8/ afx]ssf xsdf clgjfo{ 

xflh/L ug'{kg]{ / To;nfO{ Jofjxfl/s?kdf 

sfof{Gjog ug] { lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . ;f] 

Joj:yf oxL c;f]h & ut] cfOtaf/b]lv 

nfu" x'g] k|flws/0fn] hgfPsf] 5 . k|flws/0f 

/fli6«o;efM ;+o'Qm ;ldltsf ;efklt lgjf{rg & ut] 

Joj:yfkgn] lqmofzLn 6«]8 o'lgogsf 

kbflwsf/Ln] lbgdf PskN6 dfq} xflh/ u/] 

x'g] Joj:yf vf/]h ul/lbPsf] 5 . 

k|flws/0f sd{rf/L ;]jf ljlgodfjnLdf 

k|flws/0fn] Joj:yf u/]adf]lhd ld6/ 

…l/l8ªÚdf ;+nUg sd{rf/Lafx]sn] sfof{no 

v'n]sf] lbg sfof{no ;docg';f/ 

clgjfo{?kdf cfPsf] / uPsf] ;do hlgg] 

u/L ljB'tLo xflh/ ug' { kg] { Joj:yf nfu" 

ul/Psf] xf] . ljB't\ef/ s6f}tLsf] cGTokl5 

cfGtl/s Joj:yfkgsf] ;'wf/, r'xfj6 

lgoGq0f tyf cGo ;'wf/fTDfs sfddf nfUg] 

k|flws/0fsf sfo{sf/L lgb] {zs s'ndfg 

l3l;ªn] o;cl3 g} ;fj{hlgs u/]sf lyP . 

;f]xL 3f]if0ffadf]lhd g} afWosf/L?kdf ;a} 

sd{rf/LnfO{ xflh/Ldf s8fO ul/Psf] xf] . 

o:tf] Joj:yf sfof{Gjog gePsf] kfOPkl5 

k|flws/0fsf sfo{sf/L lgb] {zs l3l;ªsf] 

cWoIftfdf a;]sf] a}7sn] ljlgodfjnLnfO{ 

s8fOsf ;fy nfu" ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . 

ljB't\ef/ s6f}tLsf] cGTokl5 cfGtl/s 

;'wf/sf ?kdf o:tf] sbd rflnPsf] xf] . 

k|flws/0fsf] of] lg0f{oaf6 ;a}eGbf a9L 

6«]8 o'lgogsf g]tf k|efljt x'g] ePsf 

5g\ . k|flws/0fdf g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf] 

sd{rf/L ;ª\3 cflwsfl/s 6«]8 o'lgog 

5 . tTsfnLg g]skf Pdfn] tyf dfcf]jfbL 

s]Gb|sf qmdzM sd{rf/L o'lgog tyf 

g]kfn /fli6«o sd{rf/L ;ª\u7g -;+o'Qm_ 

/ /fk|kfsf] sd{rf/L sNof0f kl/ifb\ 

lqmofzLn 5g\ . 

sfof{no cfPsf] / uPsf] ;do 

hlgg] u/L xflh/ ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf nfu" 

ePkl5 sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs l3l;ªn] klg 

lbgdf b'O{kN6 xflh/ ug'{kg]{ ePsf] 5 . 

o;}u/L pksfo{sf/L lgb]{zsn] klg b'O{ 

kN6 g} xflh/ ug'{kg]{ ePsf] 5 . o;cl3 

pgLx¿n] lbgdf Ps kN6 dfq} xflh/ u/] 

x'g] Joj:yf lyof] . 

5nkmn eO/x]sf] 5 . ;b:otf ljt/0fsf ;jfndf 

klg a}7sdf km/s÷km/s wf/0ff cfPsf 5g\ . s]xL 

;b:on] ;fwf/0f, lqmofzLn, ljz]if x'Fb} ;Ddflgt ;b:o 

agfpg'kg]{ s'/f p7fO/xFbf s]xL ;b:on] eg] lgjf{rgsf] 

d'vdf afx]s c? h'g;'s} a]nf klg ;b:otf lng ;lsg] 

u/L ljwfg ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ atfPsf 5g\ . 

g]kfn=== 

P;f]l;P6 pkfWoIf, dxf;lrj ;lxt kbflwsf/L / 

;b:ox? u/L s'n %$ kbsfnflu lgjf{rg x'g] hfgsf/L 

lbP . …lgdf{0faf6 ;d[l4Ú eGg] gf/fsf;fy lalxaf/af6 

z'? ePsf] dxf;+3sf] ;fwf/0f ;efsf] pb\3f6g 

k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ cf]nLn] u/]sf lyP . zlgaf/ 

;DkGg x'g] lgjf{rgdfkm{t\ cfufdL tLg jif{sfnflu 

dxf;+3sf] gofF g]t[Tj rog x'g] 5 . dxf;+3sf] ljwfg 

cg';f/ kfFr ;b:o eg] kl5 cWoIf4f/f dgf]gog 

ul/g] atfOPsf] 5 . ;fwf/0f ;efdf k|ltlglw tyf 

ko{j]Ifs u/L b]ze/sf sl/a @% ;o eGbf a9L 

lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?sf] ;xeflutf /xg] dxf;+3n] 

hgfPsf] 5 . clxn] dxf;+3df b]ze/sf s'n !@ xhf/ 

% ;o Joj;foL cfa4 /x]sf 5g\ . 

;efd'v dx/f–;fpbL /fhb"t e]6 

…g]kfnL >ldssf] k]zfut / ef}lts ;'/Iffdf Wofg lbg cfu|xÚ 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–;efd'v 

s[i0faxfb'/ dx/f;Fu g]kfnsf 

nflu ;fpbL c/asf sfo{jfxs 

/fhb"t cAb'nsl/d cN;'nfOdgn] 

z'qmaf/ lzi6frf/ e]6 u/]sf 

5g\ . ;efd'vsf] ;lrjfno 

l;+xb/af/ ePsf] e]6df ;efd'v 

dx/fn] ;fpbL c/asf] ** 

cf}F /fli6«o lbj;sf z'esfdgf 

JoQm ub}{} cfufdL lbgdf g]kfn 

/ ;fpbL c/aaLrsf] ;DaGw 

cem} k|uf9 x'g]df ljZjf; JoQm 

u/]sf lyP . 

;f] cj;/df ;efd'v 

dx/fn] ;fpbL c/a / g]kfnsf] 

s"6gLlts ;DaGw ;'dw'/ /x]sf] 

atfpg'ePsf] ;efd'v dx/fsf 

k|]; ;+of]hs l8NnL dNnn] 

hfgsf/L lbP . æg]kfn / ;fpbL 

c/asf] s"6gLlts ;DaGw ;'dw'/ 

/ alnof] /x]sf] 5Æ, ;efd'v 

dx/fn] eg], æxfd|f] cf}krfl/s 

;DaGw dfq} geO{ hg:t/af6 

klg b'O{ b]zaLr alnof] ;DaGw 

/x]sf] 5 .Æ /fhgLlts / 

s"6gLlts:t/df dfq} geO{ 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–rLg 

e|d0fdf /x]sf pk/fi6«klt 

gGbaxfb'/ k'g;Fu lrlgofF 

sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -l;lk;L_ 

sf l;r'jfg k|fGt ;lrj 

k]ª l5ª'xjfn] lzi6frf/ e]6 

u/]sf 5g\ . e ] 6 d f 

pk/fi6«kltn] g]kfn–rLg 

;DaGw gofF prfOdf k'u]sf] 

pNn]v ub}{ l;r'jfg k|fGt / 

g]kfnsf] ;DaGw ljlzi6 /x]sf] 

atfP . pgn] g]kfn …Ps rLg 

gLltÚk|lt k|lta4 /x]sf] / g]kfnL 

e"ldnfO{ rLg lj/f]wL ultljlw 

x'g glbg] atfP . pk/fi6«kltn] 

rLg / g]kfnaLr ePsf kl5Nnf 

;Demf}tf / ;dembf/Ln] b'O{ 

b]zaLrsf];DaGw k/Dk/futeGbf 

dfly p7]sf] atfP . e]6sf 

qmddf pgn] Jofkf/ tyf 

kf/jfxg ;Demf}tf, a]N6 P08 

/f]8 Olgl;Pl6e -lacf/cfO{_df 

g]kfnsf] ;xeflutf / Jofkf/ 

tyf kf/jfxg;DaGwL k|f]6f]sndf 

ePsf] ;xdltn] b'O{ b]zaLrsf] 

;DaGw k|uf9 ePsf] / ;xsfo{ 

lj:tf/ ePsf] atfP . 

pk/fi6«klt k'gn] g]kfn 

/fhgLlts :yfloTj xfl;n u/]/ 

cfly{s ;d[l4sf] dfu{df cufl8 

al9/x]sf] pNn]v ub}{ g]kfnsf] 

cfly{s ;d[l4sf] ofqfdf rLgsf] 

;fy / ;xof]u /xg] ljZjf; 

JoQm u/] . pgn] g]kfnsf] 

;d[l4df l;r'jfg k|fGtsf] 

;xof]u /xg] ljZjf; JoQm u/] . 

pgn] g]kfndf tLg jif{ klxn] 

e"sDk hfFbf ;a}eGbf klxn] 

l;r'jfg k|fGtsf k|ltlglw uP/ 

p4f/ / /fxtdf ;xof]u u/]sf] 

:d/0f u/fpFb} wGojfb lbP . 

pk/fi6«klt k'gn] g]kfndf 

nufgLsf nflu k|r'/ ;Defjgf 

/x]sf] pNn]v ub}{} nufgLsf 

nflu rLg / l;r'jfg k|fGtnfO{ 

cfu|x u/] . g]kfndf hnljB't\, 

hg:t/df klg b'O{ b]zsf] ;DaGw 

/x]sf] rrf{ ub}{ ;efd'v dx/fn] 

g]kfnsf nfvf}F gful/s ;fpbL 

c/asf] >d ahf/df /f]huf/Lsf 

nflu k'u]sf] atfP . 

æclxn] g]kfnsf nfvf}F 

gful/s /f]huf/Lsf nflu ;fpbL 

c/adf k'u]sf 5g\Æ, ;efd'v 

dx/fn] eg], æ;fpbL c/adf 

g]kfnL gful/ssf] k]zfut 

tyf ef}lts ;'/Iffh:tf ;jfn 

s[lif, ko{6g, h8La'6L / ef}lts 

k"jf{wf/sf] If]qdf nufgLsf 

nflu cfu|x u/] . g]kfn;Fu 

ePsf] k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwgsf] 

pRrtd pkof]u ug{ rLg;Fu 

ePsf] k|ljlw, cg'ej / k"FhLsf] 

vfFrf] /x]sf] pNn]v ub{} pgn] 

b'O{ b]zaLr ;xsfo{ h?/L /x]sf] 

atfP . pk/fi6«kltn] ;g\ 

@)@) nfO{ g]kfnn] e|d0f jif{sf 

?kdf dgfpg nfu]sf] hfgsf/L 

u/fpg'x'Fb} ;/sf/L k|of;af6} 

lrlgofF gful/sdfem k|rf/k|;f/ 

ul/lbg cfu|x u/] . pgn] clxn] 

g]kfndf ;a}eGbf w]/} e|d0f 

ug]{ ljb]zL ko{6sdf lrlgofF 

/x]sf];d]t atfP . 

e]6df l;lk;Lsf l;r'jfg 

k|fGtsf ;lrj k]ªn] rLg–g]kfn 

;DaGw ljlzi6 k|sf/sf] /x]sf] 

atfP . pk/fi6«kltsf] e|d0fn] 

b'O{ b]zaLrsf] ;DaGwnfO{ 

cem} k|uf9 agfPsf] 

pNn]v ub}{ b'O{ b]zaLrsf] 

;DaGw lj:tf/df v]ln/x]sf] 

e"ldsfsf nflu pk/fi6«kltnfO{ 

wGojfb lbP . 

;lrj k]ªn] l;r'jfg k|fGt 

/ g]kfnsf] ;DaGw P]ltxfl;s 

/x]sf] atfP . pgn] g]kfnsf] 

rf}tkmL{ ljsf;sf nflu ;xsfo{ 

ug{ l;r'jfg k|fGt tof/ /x]sf] 

atfP . pgn] g]kfn / l;r'jfgsf] 

;DaGwnfO{ cem} k|uf9 agfpg 

cfjZos /x]sfdf hf]8 lbP . 

;lrj k]ªn] …Ps rLg 

gLltÚk|lt g]kfnsf] ;dy{g, 

k|lta4tf / Jofjxfl/s 

sfo{Gjogaf6 rLg cToGt v'zL 

/x]sf] atfP . pgn] g]kfnsf] … 

Ps rLg gLltÚk|ltsf] b[9tf 

b'O{ b]zaLrsf] ;DaGw gofF 

prfOdf k'¥ofpg] /fhgLlts 

cfwf/ ePsf] atfP .g]kfnsf] 

e|d0f ug]{df l;r'jfg k|fGtsf 

gful/s clws /x]sf] pNn]v 

xfd|f] rf;f]sf ljifo x'g\, o;df 

;fpbL c/a ;/sf/n] ljz]if 

Wofg lbg]5 eGg] xfdLn] ljZjf; 

lnPsf 5f}F .Æe]6df sfjf /fhb"t 

cAb'nsl/dn] ;fpbL c/a / 

g]kfnsf] ;DaGw dha't /x]sfdf 

v'zL JoQm u/] . pgn] j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/Lsf nflu cfÎgf] b]zdf 

k'u]sf gful/snfO{ ;fpbL c/a 

;/sf/n] ;'/Iffdf ljz]if Wofg 

lbg] atfP . 

hnljB't\, s[lif, ko{6g If]qdf nufgL ug{ cfu|x 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–g]kfn 

/fi6« a}+ssf] sfof{no yfkfynL 

kl/;/df gofF ;'ljwf ;DkGg 

ejg lgdf{0f z'? ul/Psf] 5 . 

lj;+ @)&@ j}zfvdf uPsf] uf]/vf 

e"sDkaf6 Ifltu|:t eUgfjz]ifnfO{ 

x6fP/ k'/fg} z}nLdf cTofw'lgs 

ejg lgdf{0f ug{ nfluPsf] xf] . 

yfkfynLl:yt ;f] sfof{nosf] 

$@ /f]kgL tLg cfgf b'O{ k};f 

hUuf /x]sf] 5 . ;f] hUufdf ? 

Ps ca{ *& s/f]8sf] nfutdf ^ 

tn] ejg aGg]5 . pQm ejg #) 

dlxgfleq lgdf{0f ;DkGg x'g]5 . 

ejgsf] z'qmaf/ Ps sfo{qmdaLr 

lznfGof; ub}{ g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf 

ueg{/ 8f lr/~hLjL g]kfnn] k'/fg} 

;+/rgfdf cTofw'lgs ejg aGg] 

atfP . ljleGg afwf cj/f]wsfaLr 

ejg lgdf{0fn] ult lnPsf]df v'zL 

JoQm ub} { pgn] ;Demf}tfcg';f/ 

;dod} lgdf{0f ;DkGg ug{ lgdf{0f 

sDkgLnfO{ cfu|x u/] . 

pgn] eg], æ;a} dfkb08 

k"/f u/L ejgsf] lznfGof; 

ul/Psf] 5, hlt;Sbf] rfF8f] 

lgdf{0f ;DkGg x'g'k5{ .Æ /fli6«o 

k'gMlgdf{0f k|flws/0fsf ;x;lrj 

/fh'dfg dfgGw/n] rf/ jif{ cl3g} 

gofF ejg agfpg] k|of; eP klg 

k'/ftTj ljefusf] pNemgn] ejg 

lgdf{0fdf l9nfO ePsf] atfP . 

ejgsf] aflx/L:j?k k'/fg} z}nLdf 

/x] klg leqL tyf k5f8Lsf] 

efu cTofw'lgs ;'ljwf ;DkGg 

e"sDkk|lt/f]wfTds x'g]5 . 

/fi6« a} +ssf 8]k'6L ueg{/ 

lrGtfdl0f lzjfsf]6Ln] a} +ssf] 

ejg k'/ftTj ljefusf] :jLs[ltdf 

k'/fg} z}nLdf lgdf{0f ul/g] pNn]v 

u/] . a} +ssf] u'?of]hgfcg';f/ d'Vo 

tLg Ans qmdzM d'Vo a}+lsª 

sfof{no ejg, rd]gfu[x, x]Ny 

Sna / ;]So'l/6L Ans lgdf{0f 

x'g]5 . /f0ffsfnLg l;+x dxndf 

/fi6« a} +sn] sfof{no ;~rfng 

ub} { cfPsf] lyof] . e"sDkn] Iflt 

k'¥ofPkl5 k'/fg} :yfgdf gofF 

ejg agfpg nfluPsf] xf] . pQm 

ub}{ ;lrjn] g]kfnsf] k|fs[lts 

;'Gb/tfsf] cjnf]sg ug{ / 

;+:s[ltsf] cg'ej ug{ lrlgofF 

gful/s cft'/ /x]sf] atfP . 

lrlgofFn] g]kfn e|d0fsf nflu 

cToGt ?lr /fVg] atfpFb} pgn] 

cg's"n ;dodf cfkm"n] klg 

g]kfnsf] k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tfsf] 

cjnf]sg ug]{ OR5f JoQm u/] . 

;lrj k]ªn] g]kfndf lrlgofF 

Joj;foLn] nufgL ul//x]sf] 

:d/0f ub}{ cGo Joj;foL klg 

g]kfndf uP/ nufgL ug{ 

OR5's /x]sf] atfP . pgn] 

b'O{ b]zaLrsf] ;DaGw ;'wf/ 

tyf ;xsfo{nfO{ ;xh agfpg 

5]Gb'df g]kfnn] dxfjfl0fHo 

b"tfjf; rfF8} vf]Ng'kg]{ atfP . 

æ;DdfggLHo" g]kfn kms{gf 

;fy 5]Gb'df dxfl0fHo b"tfjf; 

vf]Ng]df g]kfn ;/sf/n] lg0f{o 

lng]df cfzfjfbL 5'Æ, pgn] eg], 

ædxfjfl0fHo b"tfjf; :yfkgf 

ePdf xfdLnfO{ w]/} ;xh x'g]5 .Æ 

;lrj k]ªn] !& cf}F klZrd 

rLg cGt/f{li6«o d]nfdf u/]sf] 

cfdGq0ff :jLsf/]/ pkl:yt 

x'g'sf ;fy} dxTjk"0f{ ;Daf]wg 

u/]sf]df pk/fi6«kltnfO{ wGojfb 

lbPsf] pk/fi6«kltsf] k|]; ;+of]hs 

dgf]h 3tL{du/n] hfgsf/L 

lbP . e]6sf qmddf rLgsf 

nflu g]kfnL /fhb"t nLnfdl0f 

kf}8Øfn, pk/fi6«klt sfof{nosf 

;lrj /fdk|;fb cfrfo{, k//fi6« 

dGqfnosf ;x;lrj u0f]zk|;fb 

9sfnnufot lyP eg] l;r'jfg 

k|fGtsf tkm{af6 ;lrj;lxt 

ueg{/, pkueg{/ pkl:yt 

lyP . pk/fi6«klt;Fu z'qmaf/} 

l;lk;Lsf lolkg gu/ ;]qm]6/L 

lnp emf]ªkf]n] lzi6frf/ e]6 

u/]sf 5g\ . pk/fi6«klt k'gn] 

z'qmaf/ laxfg 5]Gb'df /x]sf] 

@)) jif{ k'/fgf] 6fF;L dlGb/sf] 

cjnf]sg e|d0f u/]sf lyP . 

/fi6« a}+ssf] ejg lgdf{0f z'? 

ejg lgdf{0fsf nflu @)&% j}zfv 

!$ df af]nkq cfXjfg ul/Psf] . 

lalnn sG6]s h]eLn] lgdf{0fsf] 

lhDdf kfPsf] 5 . k'/ftTj 

ljefusf] cg'dltdf a}++ssf] xfn 

eO/x]sf] k'/fgf] :j?kdf s'g} 

kl/jt{g gx'g] u/L gofF ejg 

lgdf{0f ug{ nfluPsf] 5 . k'/fgf] 

ejgsf] gf]6 Joj:yfkgsf nflu 

em08} Ps dlxgf nfUg]5 . tL 

gf]6nfO{ s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf 

nlug]5 . b;} F;Dd gf]6 ljt/0f 

/ Joj:yfkgsf nflu yfkfynL 

tyf b;} Fkl5 ;a} ljefu s]Gb|Lo 

sfof{nodf nlug] 8]k'6L ue{g/ 

lzjfsf]6Ln] atfP . e"sDkn] 

Iflt k'¥ofPsf] /fi6« a} +ssf] s]Gb|Lo 

sfof{nosf] gofF ejg klg rfF8} 

lgdf{0f z'? ul/g] atfOPsf] 5 .

F 

g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3sf] lgjf{rg ljz]if 

lgdf{0fd}qL sfg'g lgdf{0f d]/f] k|d'v Ph]G8f xf] 


Saturday 22, 

September 2018 

# 

g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3sf] ;+:yfks ;b:o x' Fb} ;lrj, dxf;lrj, k|yd pkfWoIf / cWoIf ;d]t eO;s]sf oIf 

Wjh sfsL{ bf];|f] k6s dxf;+3sf] g]t[Tjsf nflu d}bfgdf x'g'x'G5 . @)!@ ;fn k'; @) ut] bf]nvfsf] ;flas vf/] ufpF ljsf; 

;ldlt j8f gDa/ @ df hlGdPsf sfsL{;Fu lgdf{0f Joj;fosf] nfdf] cg'ej 5 . dxf;+3sf] gLltut / ;+:yfut ;'wf/df ;d]t 

pNn]Vo e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf sfsL{ :jR5 / Odfgbf/ Joj;foLsf ¿kdf kl/lrt x'g'x'G5 . sf7df8f} Fdf hf/L dxf;+3sf] @) cf} 

;fwf/0f;efdf cWoIf kbsf k|Tof;L sfsL{ cfk\mgf] ljho ;'lglZrt /x]sf] atfpg'x'G5 . dxf;+3sf] cWoIfdf lhTg] cfwf/ / 

efjL sfo{of]hgfsf ljifodf pxfF;Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;Dkflbt c+z M 

;kmn g]t[Tj g} xf] . bf];|f] s'/f 

klxn] klg Ps sfo{sfn g]kfn 

lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3sf] cWoIf 

eO;s]sf] dfG5] km]l/ cWoIfsf nflu 

d}bfgdf x'g'x'G5, lsg < 

;j{k|yd d oxfFnfO{ s] lgj]bg u5{' 

eg] d dxf;+3sf] ;+:yfks ;b:o klg x'F . 

d}n] @* jif{cl3 of] dxf;+3 agfpg 7'nf] 

e"ldsf v]n]sf] lyPF . d}n] b'O{ sfo{sfn 

;lrj, Ps sfo{sfn dxf;lrj, k|dy 

pkfWoIf, ;Nnfxsf/ x'Fb} cWoIf ePF . d}n] 

cWoIf / dxf;lrj ePsf] sfo{sfndf w]/} 

pknlAwx? u/]F . pbfx/0fsf nflu @)%$ 

;fndf dxf;lrj lyPF, Tolt a]nf g]kfn 

lgdf{0f Joj;foL ;+3nfO{ dxf;+3 agfP/ 

b]ze/sf lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?sf] 5ftf ;+u7g 

agfpg] sfd u/]F . o;df e]/f] cxd\ e"ldsf 

/Xof] . To;n] ubf{ ;fyLx?n] dnfO{ ljZjf; 

ug{'ePsf] 5 / pxfFx?sf] rfxfgf cg';f/ klg 

d k'gM cWoIfsf nflu v8f ePsf] x'F . 

bf];|f] s'/f ha d @)^% ;fnb]lv 

)^* ;fn;Dd cWoIf ePF Tolt a]nf d}n] 

;f+u7lgs ;'wf/sf y'k|} sfd u/]F . g]kfn 

lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3sf] ljwfgdf 

cfd"n ;+zf]wg u/]/ ;fgf] ju{, lk5l8Psf] 

ju{, hghflt, dw];, b'u{d, c~rn cg';f/ 

e"uf]nsf] k|ltlglwTj, tTsfnLg If]qLo 

;+3sf] cjwf/0ff cg';f/ pgLx?sf] g]t[Tj 

Ifdtf ljsf; u/]/ g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL 

dxf;+3nfO{ ;a} tx / tKsfsf] 5ftf ;+u7g 

agfpg] sfd u/]F . 

To;kl5 cfP/ ;a}eGbf dxQ\jk"0f{ 

sfd s] eg] gLltut ;'wf/ u/]F d}n] . 

gLltut ;'wf/ s] eg] af]nkq k'l:tsfdf 

ePsf qmfO6 Pl/ofx? -;Ldfx?_ slt s8f 

lyP ls lgdf{0f Joj;fodf efu lng hf] 

kfof] To;n] ;Sg] cj:yf lyPg . Tof] 

cj:yfnfO{ rflxF af]nkqsf] 6g{ cf]e/ 

36fPF, ;l6{lkms]6 36fPF, *) k|ltztdf 

;l6{lkms]6 dfu],tLj6f ;l6l{\kms]6 dfUg] 

rng lyof] To;nfO{ Pp6f ;l6{lkms]6df 

emf/]F, sfdsf] c9fO{ u'0f 6g{ cf]e/ dfUg] 

rng lyof], nfut cg'dfg c+ssf] 8]9 

u'0ff;Dd dfq} 6g{ cf]e/ dfu]F o;n] ubf{ 

w]/} ;fyLx?n] of] k];fdf l5g]{ df}sf kfpg' 

ef] . o;n] s]xL ;fyLx?nfO{ dflyNnf] txdf 

hfg ;xof]u k'Uof] . 

Joj;foLx? c;'/lIft x'g], 

af]nkq xfNg gkfpg] h:tf] ;d:ofx? 

lyP, s]xL xb;Dd cfhsf lbgdf 

klg 5g, To;df tkfO{Fsf] e"ldsf 

s] /Xof] < 

–tkfO{Fn] eg]sf] s'/f l7s xf] . xfd|f 

;fyLx?n] af]nkq xfNg g;Sg], 7fpF 

7fpFdf xfd|f ;fyLx? xfO Hofs ePsf] 

cj:yf lyof] d}n] ;/sf/;Fu ;xsfo{ u/]/ 

tL ;fyLx?sf], kmd{x?sf] zflGt ;'/Iff 

sfod u/]F . /, ;fgf] ju{n] klg sfd kfpg] 

jftfj/0fdf klg sfd lbnfOlbg] cj:yf 

l;h{gf eof] . Tof] ;a} sf/0fn] ubf{v]l/ 

;fyLx?sf] dk|lt ljZjf; a9]kl5 ltdL km]l/ 

Ps k6s dxf;+3sf] g]t[Tjdf cfpg'k{of] . 

clxn] xfdL ;d:of 5f}F, ;/sf/n] xfdLnfO{ 

ljZjf; u/]sf] cj:yf 5}g, hgtf ;dIf 

xfd|f] ljZjf; 36]sf] 5 . ;/sf/L ;+oGqn] 

dgk/L lx;fan] 7]Ssf aGbf]j:t u/]sf] 5, 

;Lldt ;+:yfx?nfO{ dfq sfd lbg] u/]sf] 

cj:yf 5, ;fgf] ju{, l56l8Psf] ju{n] sfd 

gkfPsf] cj:yf 5, zflGt ;'/Iff sdhf]/ 

ePsf] cj:yf 5, To;}n] oL ;a} s'/fx?n] 

ubf{ ltdL km]l/ Ps k6s g]t[Tjdf hfg'k{of], 

dxf;+3sf] ltdLn] ;+u7g t agfof} klxn] 

gLltut ;'wf/ t u{of}, Tof] clxn] x|f; 

eP/ uof] To;nfO{ hf]ufpg cfjZos 5, 

kl/dfh{g ug{ cfjZos 5, To; sf/0f 

ltdLn] g]t[Tjdf hfg'k5{ eg]/ b]z}e/Lsf 

;fyLx?sf] cfu|x adf]lhd d pDd]bjf/ 

ePsf] x'F . /, efjL lbgdf klg ;fyLx?sf] 

Jofj;flos / ;a} lsl;dsf] ;'/Iffsf nflu 

d]/f] e"ldsf cem ;zQm /xg]5 . 

h;/L lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?nfO{ 

ck\m7\of/f] kg]{ul/ d'n'sL ck/fw 

;+lxtf ag]sf] 5 eg]/ oxfFx?n] 

elg/xg' ePsf] 5, ca To;nfO{ 

;Rofpg nflu, lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ 

k/]sf] cGofonfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{sf 

nflu tkfO{Fsf] e"ldsf s] /xG5 < 

clxn]sf] ;/sf/ b'O{ ltxfOsf] ag]sf] 

5 . Pp6} kf6L{ g} emG8} b'O{ ltxfO ax't 

k|fKt ePsf] l:yltdf 5 eg]kl5 of] ;/sf/ 

lbuf] ;/sf/sf ?kdf v8f ePsf] 5 . of] 

P]g clxn]sf] ;/sf/n] NofPsf] t xf]Og t/, 

nfu" rflxF clxn]sf] ;/sf/n] u/]sf] xf] . 

of] P]g ljutsf] ;/sf/n] agfPsf] s'/f 

:ki6 5 . t/, xfn;fn} nfu" ePsf] cj:yf 

5 . o;n] ubf{ ;/sf/ / xfdLdf clnslt 

Uofk rflxF /Xof] . t/, clxn] of] Uofk x6]/ 

uO/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . lxhf] dfq} ;DdfggLo 

k|wfgdGqL Ho"n] To:tf] 5 eg] cfpg'xf];\ 

;xsfo{ u/]/ hfg'k5{, o;df s] gldn]sf] 5 

To;nfO{ tkfOx?;Fu 5nkmn u/L lg/fs/0f 

ug{ xfdL tof/ 5f}F eGg'ePsf] 5 . d]/f] lht 

eof] eg] d}n] ;/sf/nfO{ ljZjf;df lng 

;S5', ;fyLefOsf] ljZjf; 5 dnfO{ . Tof] 

P]g kl/dfh{g, ;+zf]wg jf vf/]h ug{ d 

;S5' eGg] b[9 ljZjf; 5 . 

xfdLnfO{ afFWg], sf/afxL ug]{ P]g 

t lgdf{0f Joj;foL P]g @)%% 5, Tof] 

cGt{ut ag]sf] lgdf{0f Joj;foL lgodfjnL 

@)%^ 5 . Tof] eGbf lg7]Ssf aGbf]a:t 

ug]{ ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g @)^# 

klxnf] ;+zf]wg 5, To:t} u/]/ 

;fj{hlgs vl/b lgodfjnL 

@)^$ kfFrf}F ;+zf]wg 5 . 

oL b'O{j6f P]g xfdLnfO{ olt 

w]/} sf/afxL ug]{ oy]i6 

cfwf/x? 5g\ ls ;ft cf7 

j6f cfwf/x? 5g\ . To;n] 

ubf{ xfdLnfO{ sf/afxL ug{ 

hltv]/ klg ;/sf/sf] xft 

dfly /xG5 . clxn] klg $% 

a9L sDkgLx? sf/afxLdf 

k/]/ sfnf];"rLdf 5g\ . 

klxnf] s'/f t ;/sf/n] 

xfd|f] 7]Ssf tf]8\g' g} ;hfo xf] . 

bf];|f], 7]Ssf tf]l8;s]kl5 ;'?df 

/fv]sf] w/f}6L klg ;/sf/n] 

hkmt u5{ . t];|f], 7]Ssf 

aGbf]a:t eO;s]kl5 sfd ub}{ 

u/]sf] /lgª lansf] w/f}6L klg 

hkmt x'G5 . rf}yf], Ps jif{b]lv 

tLg jif{ sfnf] ;"rLdf /fV5 . 

sfnf] ;"rLdf /fv]sf] avt s'g} 

klg 6]G8/df efu lng kfOFb}g, 

sfd lng kfOFb}g . kfFrf} F, Tof] 

7]Ssf tf]l8;s]kl5 csf]{ ;+:yf, 

sDkgLx?nfO{ lbPsf] nfUg] yk vr{ rflxF 

xfdLnfO{ /fhZj c;'nL ;/x e/fpg kfpg] 

;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g/ lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf 

5 . eg]kl5 Tof] g} sfkmL 5 lg . of] rflxF 

;fdflhs ck/fwh:tf] P]gdf xfdLnfO{ /fVg 

h?/L 5}g . To; sf/0f of] P]gsf] bkmf @%) 

5, o;nfO{ vf/]h} ug{ k5{ eGg] d]/f] b[9 wf/0ff 

xf], lsgeg] Tof] d'n'sL ;+lxtf P]gdf /fVg 

h?/L 5}g . a? To:tf] s'g} 5g\ eg] ;/sf;Fu 

;xsfo{ u/]/ xfdL u'0f:t/o'Qm sfd ug{, 

;dodf sfd ug{ tof/ 5f}F . 

tkfO{Fn] o;f] elg/xFbf lgdf{0f 

Joj;foLx? sfd lnG5g\ t/, sfd 

;dodf k'/f ub}{gg\, u'0f:t/Lo 

sfd ub}{gg\ eGg] u'gf;f] ;'Ggdf 

cfpF5 . cfIf]kx? nfUg] u5{g\ . of] 

cfIf]kaf6 lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ d'Qm 

u/fpg / ;/sf/sf] ;'vL g]kfnL, 

;d[4 g]kfnsf] nIonfO{ ;3fpg 

tkfO{sf of]hgfx? s] s] 5g\ < 

klxnf] s'/f t ;s/;Fu ;xsfo{ gu/]/ 

s'g} klg pBf]u km:6fpFb}g . of] pBf]u eg]sf] 

pBf]ux?sf] klg pBf]u oflgsL dfp pBf]u 

xf] . of] pBf]ulagf s'g} klg pBf]u cl3 

a9\g ;Sb}gg\ . g lzIff cl3 a9\5 xfdLn] 

gaf9fOsg, g ko{6g Joj;fo cl3 a9\5, 

g s[lif pBf]u . snsf/vfgf vf]Ng'k{of] 

eg] klg xfdL geO{ x'Fb}g, To; sf/0f 

d}n] eGg] u/]sf] 5' lgdf{0f Joj;fo pBf]u 

eg]sf] dfp pBf]u xf] . oxfF xfd|f klg 

sdLsdhf]/L eP, xfd|f s'/f ;/sf/nfO{ 

a'emfpg ;s]gf}F . csf]{ s'/f b]zdf cl:y/ 

;/sf/ aGb} uof], l56f] l56f] ;/sf/ 

9Ng], l56f] l56f] ;+;b lj36g x'g] h:tf 

sf/0fn] klg xfdL xfd|f] p2]Zo cg';f/ 

cl3 hfg ;s]gf}F . To;f] ePsf] x'gfn] 

;/sf/nfO{ a'emfpg h?/L 5 . 

klxn] s] x'GYof] eg] Pp6f ;/sf/nfO{ 

a'emfof], csf]{ ;/sf/ km]l/G5 To;nfO{ 

a'emfpg ;do nfUg] x'GYof] . clxn] Tof] 

cj:yf 5}g . d}n] cl3 klg eg] ;/sf/;Fu 

;xsfo{ ug{ k5{ . d"n ;d:of s] xf] eg] oL 

P]g, lgod, sfg'gx?, 6]G8/sf ;t{gfdfx? 

lgdf{0fd}qL 5}gg\, PstkmL{ 5 . Tof] sd{rf/L 

ju{, zf;s ju{ jf /fHokIfsf] tkm{af6 

dfq 5 . To;nfO{ kl/dfh{g u/]/ ;a}sf] 

ljZjf;of]Uo, ;a}sf] lhDd]jf/L agfpg 

k{of] . bf]xf]/f] agfpg'k{of] . 

xfdLnfO{ dfq ws]kl5 t s;n] sfd 

u5{, ljb]zL cfP/ ulb{g] xf] /


Saturday 22 September 2018 

;DkfbsLo 

;d[l4sf ;xofqL lgdf{0f Joj;foL 

cfh g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3sf] gofF g]Q[Tjsf nflu 

lgjf{rg x'Fb}5 . ;/sf/n] ;d[4 g]kfn lgdf{0fsf] gf/f nufO/x]sf] / 

lgdf{0f Joj;foLdfly Ps lsl;dsf] bafa l;h{gf ul//x]sf] ;dodf 

lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?sf] casf] af6f] efjL g]Q[Tjn] to ug]{5 . Psftkm{ 

;d[4 g]kfn lgdf{0fsf] h'g gf/f ;/sf/n] nufO/x]sf] 5 olb To;nfO{ 

Jojxf/df ptfg]{ xf] eg] b]z}e/ lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf nflu xhf/f}+ 

cj;/x?sf] 9f]sf v'Ng]5 eg] csf]{lt/ clxn] ;/sf/n] lgdf{0f 

Joj;foLdfly h'g lsl;dsf] Jojxf/ ul//x]sf] 5 Tof] eg] lrGtfsf] 

ljifo ag]sf] 5 . oxL cj;/ / cGof}ntfsf] bf];fFwdf x'g nfu]sf] 

dxf;+3sf] gofF g]Q[Tj 5gf}6n] Joj;foLx? s'g af6f]df cl3 a9\g] 

eGg] :ki6 kfg]{5 . dxf;+3sf] ;fwf/0f;ef pb\3f6gd} k|wfgdGqL s]kL 

zdf{ cf]nLn] d'n'ssf] ;d[l4sf nflu lgdf{0f / pTkfbg sfo{ ;Fu;Fu} 

cufl8 a9fpg'kg{] t/, s'g} k|sf/sf] Psflwsf/ -sf6{]lnª_ :jLsfo{ 

gx'g] atfO;s]sf 5g\ . 

k|wfgdGqLn] jt{dfg ;/sf/nfO{ s'g} cjfl~5t nfe lng jf 

sfd ug{'kg{] gePsfn] ;dodf u'0f:t/Lo sfg"g;Ddt sfd ug{ cfu|x 

u/] . pgn] Joj;foLn] ;dodf sfd ug{ g;Sg] cf}lrTjk"0f{ cj:yf 

ePdf ;Demf}tf cjlw a9fpg ;lsg] t/ IfdtfeGbf a9L sfd cf]u6]/ 

sfd gug{] sDkgLsf nflu k6sk6s cjlw yKg g;lsg] :ki6 ub}{ 

Joj;foLsf] lxtdf dfq geO{ ;du| hgtfsf] sfd ug{ cfu|x ub{} pgn] 

hfgLhfgL sd u'0f:t/ jf sd dfqfsf] ;fdu|L /fv]/ lgdf{0f u/L 

cg'lrt nfe lng vf]h]df sf/jfxL x'g] b[9tf JoQm u/sf 5g\ . cfly{s 

cj:yfcg';f/ sd vr{df a9L pTkfbg / k|ltkmn x'g] u/L sfd ug'{kg{] 

ePsfn] lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ ;dodf u'0f:t/Lo sfd u/]/ cfgf] 

5lj /fd|f] /fVg cfu|x u/sf k|wfgdGqLn] sdLsdhf]/L /x]sf sfg"g 

kl/dfh{g ug{ ;/sf/ tof/ /x]sf] atfP/ Joj;foLnfO{ cfZj:t 

klg kf/] . casf] g]Q[Tjn] oxL bf]xf]/ lhDd]jf/LnfO{ d'Vo ?kdf k"/f 

ug'{kg]{5 . lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?s} 5lj ;'wf/ ub}{ unt ug]{x?nfO{ sfg"gL 

sf/jfxLsf nflu ;xof]u ug]{ / ;/sf/;Fu ldn]/ Joj;foLd}qL P]g 

sfg"g agfpg] . ef}lts k"jf{wf/nfO{ cnu /fv]/ ;d[l4 x'g g;Sg] 

oyfy{nfO{ Joj;foLn] ;/sf/;dIf k'li6 ug'{k5{ . ;/sf/n] clxn] 

h;/L Joj;foLnfO{ u'0f:t/Lo lgdf{0f gx'g'df Psdfq bf]ifLsf ?kdf 

Jojxf/ ul//x]sf] 5 . To;df Joj;foLdfq sf/0f xf]Ogg eGg] s'/f 

;/sf/nfO{ a'emfpg ;Sg'k5{ . 

pgn] ;fj{hlgs v/Lb P]gdf / d'n'sL ck/fw ;+lxtf, @)&$ df 

/x]sf sltko bkmfnfO{ Jofjxfl/s agfOg'kg]{ / ;+zf]wg ug'{kg{] dfu 

u/] . o:t} kl5Nnf] ;dodf Joj;foL abgfd alg/x]sf] sfd lng] 

t/ ;dodf sfd gug]{, sfd xf]N8 /fVg] k|j[lQnfO{ cGTo u/]/ lgdf{0f 

Joj;foLx? OdfGbf/ 5g\ eGg] s'/f k'li6 ug'{k5{ . To:t} cla cfpg] 

g]Q[Tjn] Joj;foLx?n] /fVb} cfPsf pkef]Qmf ;ldltaf6 ul/g] sfd 

tyf of]hgfx? lg?T;flxt ug{'kg]{, ljgf Sjflnlkms]zgsf] ?= @ s/f]8af6 

j[l4 ug{ kxn ug]{ / oL af]nkqx?df O{lhkL -O{lal8ªsf]_ k|fjwfg 

x6fpg'kg]{, ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g / lgofdfjnLdf ePsf cJojxfl/s 

/ cldNbf k|fjwfgnfO{ ;+zf]wg u/fpg'kg]{, !% k|ltzteGbf al936L 

af]nkqdf yk w/f}6Lsf] Joj:yfnfO{ vf/]h ug'kg]{, ;fj{hlgs 

lgdf{0f k'l:tsfdf ePsf] qmfO{6]l/ofx?, 6g{cf]e/, ;l6{lkms]6x?nfO{ 

sd ug]{ / …ls k|f]8Szg /]6Ú x6fpg'kg]{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL P]g @)%% 

/ lgofdfjnL @)%^ nfO{ ;+zf]wg u/L Joj;foLsf] ;+/If0f Pjd\ 

;Dj{4g ug'kg] {, s, v, u, 3 ju{sf] l;df a9fO{ ju{ sfod ug'kg]{, 3 

ju{sf] O{hfht kq k|bfg ug{ / gljs/0f ug]{ Joj:yfnfO{ Jojl:yt\ 

ug'kg]{, lghL If]qsf cGo lgdf{0f sfo{x?;d]t Ohfht k|fKt lgdf{0f 

Joj;foLx?af6 ug{ u/fpg] P]gdf Joj:yf ug{'kg]{, cfjZosQf cg';f/ 

ju{x? kl/dfh{g Pjd\ yk ug{ kxn ug'{kg]{nufotsf lhDd]jf/Lx? 

k"/f ug'{kg]{5 . To:t} kl5Nnf] ;do d'n'sL ck/fw -;+lxtf_ P]g @)&$ 

sf] bkmf @%) nfO{ vf/]hL ug{'kg]{ Joj;foLx?sf] dfudf klg g]Q[Tj 

nfUg'kg]{5 . lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?n] d'Vo ug'kg]{ sfd eg] Joj;foLx? 

;d[l4sf nflu ;/sf/sf ;xofqL x'g eGg] k'li6 ug'{ g} xf] . gofF cfpg] 

g]Q[TjnfO{ z'esfdgf ¤ 

/flzkmn 

d]if 

j[if 

ldy'g 

ss{6 

l;+x 

sGof 

t'nf 

j[lZrs 

wg' 

ds/ 

s'De 

dLg 

Hof]= k+= s]bf/k|;fb e08f/L 

(*$!(##)$%÷(*!*#@%&#% 

sLlt{k'/, sf7df8f}+ 

:jf:Yodf xfgL 

gf]s/Ldf kbf]GgtL 

dgdf eo 

kl/jf/af6 ;b\efj 

k9fO{df c?rL 

Joj;fodf ;Gtf]if 

ldqsf] ;xof]u 

vr{df a[l4 

gf]s/Ldf VoftL 

ldq ;'v 

ldqsf] ;xof]u 

;q'k/fhLt 

cg'/f]w 

xfd|f] k|of; tkfO{+nfO{ s:tf] nflu/x]sf] 5 < tkfO{sf u'gf;f], cfnf]rgf 

/ ;'emfjn] hg;jfnnfO{ :t/Lo aGg / ;xL af6f]df lxF8\g ;xof]u ug]{5 . 

To;}n] xfdL tkfO{+sf] /rgfTds cfnf]rgf / cd"No ;'emfjsf] ck]Iff 

u5f}{+, s[kof n]v]/ xfdLnfO{ k7fpg'xf];\ . n]Vg'xf];\, d'n'ssf ;d;fdlos 

36gfqmdk|ltsf] cfk\mgf] k|ltlqmof, n]v /rgf;Fu} cfk\mgf] :ki6 kl/ro / 

tl:a/ klg tnsf] 7]ugfdf k7fpg' xf]nf . 

E-mail : janasawalnews@gmail .com 

ljrf/ 

7"nf] ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;ª\3df ;fgf d'n'ssf s'/f 

;+o'Qm /fi6« ;ª\3sf] &# cf}F dxf;ef 

Go"of]s{df cf/De ePkl5 ljZje/sf 

/fi6« k|d'v, ;/sf/ k|d'v tyf ;/sf/sf 

k|ltlglwsf] dfu{ dxf;ef ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 

ejgtkm{ ;f]lemPsf] 5 . o;sf aLr 7"nf 

jf ;fgf d'n's s;n] o; ljZj ;ª\u7gaf6 

;a}eGbf a9L kmfObf lng] eGg] ax; lg/Gt/ 

rln/x]sf] 5 . 

slxn]sfxLF eGg] ul/G5, …;'/Iff kl/ifb\sf] 

cf;gdf gePsf] d'n's 6]a'n / d]g'df x'G5 .Ú 

o;}n] klg of] ax; a9L cy{k"0f{ 5 . 7"nf 

d'n'ssf] kl/efiff ;lhnf] eP klg ;fgf 

d'n'ssf] eg] ;/n 5}g . cfsf/, cy{tGq, 

k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf hf]lvdsf] cj:yfh:tf 

cfwf/df ;fgf d'n's 5'6\ofpg sl7g 5 . 

Ps ;o lqofgAa] ;b:oo'Qm /fi6« 

;ª\3df ;fgf d'n's d~rleq !) xhf/eGbf 

sd hg;ª\Vof ePsfb]lv Ps s/f]8eGbf 

a9L hg;ª\Vof ePsf;Ddsf d'n's 5g\ . 

o;df ;a}eGbf ljsl;t tyf cNkljsl;t 

d'n's klg 5g\ . ;+:yfdf ;|f]tdf wgL tyf 

sdL ef]u]sf Pj+ e"kl/j]li6t tyf åLk d'n's 

b'j} 5g\ . 

ljZj a}ª\s tyf /fi6«d08nn] !% 

nfv;Dd hg;ª\Vof ePsf d'n'snfO{ ;fgf 

d'n's eg] klg o; kl/efiffn] ;a}nfO{ 

;d]6\g ;Sb}g . ;fgf d'n'ssf] d~rn] 

Ps s/f]8 hg;ª\Vof ePsf] d'n'snfO{ 

;dfj]z u/] klg o;sf !)& ;b:o 5g\ . 

kfFr nfv hg;ª\VofnfO{ ;fgf d'n's 

dfGbf klg !# d'n'sdf Ps nfveGbf sd 

hg;ª\Vof 5 eg] !% d'n'sdf Ps nfvb]lv 

!% nfv;Dd 5g\ . 

kl/l:ylt tyf cle¿lrsf k|fyldstfsf 

ljifodf ;fgf d'n'saLr lgs} leGgtf ePsf] 

/ logLx¿n] ;fgf d'n'snfO{ gLltsf ljifodf 

Ps 7fpFdf cfpg / Pp6} jftf{ ;d"x aGg 

afwf lbPsf 5g\ . 7"nf ljZj ;+:yfdf ;fgf 

d'n's e'Ng] / lsgf/f nfUg] hf]lvd 5 . 

pgLx¿ ljZjJofkL df};d kl/jt{g tyf lbuf] 

ljsf;sf nIo;DaGwL 5nkmnd} kfvf nfUg 

;Sg] cfzª\sf ul/Psf] 5 . 

7"nf d'n'ssf t'ngfdf ;fgf /fi6«sf] 

ljb]z dGqfno / lgof]u lgs} ;fgf x'G5g\ 

/ ;+nUgtfsf] d"No pgLx¿sf nflu lgs} 

7"nf] 5 . leqL ;"rgfdf pgLx¿sf] kx'Fr 

lgs} ;Lldt ePsf] / cfkm"n] k|fKt u/]sf 

Jofks ;"rgfnfO{ k|zf]wg ug{ ;d:of 5 . 

;lGwsf k|ltj]bg tof/ ug{ / lgjf{rgdf 

pDd]bjf/ x'g pgLx¿nfO{ ljz]if sl7gfO 

5 . /fi6« ;ª\3sf] rf}8fO pgLx¿sf nflu 

;f+:s[lts kj{sf ?kdf ljsf; x'Fb} OGb|hfqf 

sf7df8f}F pkTosfsf] 7"nf] rf8 OGb|hfqf 

dxTjk"0f{ ;f+:s[lts kj{sf ?kdf ljsf; 

x'Fb}uPsf] 5 . c;Todfly ;Tosf] ljho tyf 

zq' kIfsf] k/fhokl5 ljho dgfpg] kj{sf 

?kdf lnOPsf] hfqfdf km/s km/s ;d'bfon] 

ljz]if ;+:s[ltsf ?kdf dxTj lbPsf] kfOPsf] 

5 . xg'dfg9f]sfdf cfh ljlwk"j{s #@ xft 

nfdf] lnª\uf] 78ØfOPkl5 Ps ;ftf;Dd 

OGb|hfqf dgfpg] ul/G5 . pQm lnª\uf]sf] 

km]bdf e}/jsf] k"hf x'G5 . 

ljleGg Wjhfktfsfn] ;hfOPsf] 

lnª\uf]sf] km]bdf ;'gsf] hnk kf]ltPsf] OGb| 

lj/fhdfg xfQLsf] k|ltdf /fv]/ k"hf ul/Psf] 

5 . Wjhf;lxtsf] lnª\uf] p7fpFbf g]kfnL 

;]gfsf] Aof08sf] 6's8L, u'?h'sf] kN6g / 

k~r]afhf ;d"xn] dª\un w'g ahfPsf 

lyP . 

OGb|hfqfdf OGb|Wjhf pTyfg ug]{ k/Dk/f 

tTsfnLg /fhf k|tfkl;+x zfxn] rnfPsf] 

ljZjf; 5 . Ps xKtf;Dd rNg] OGb|hfqfsf 

qmddf xg'dfg9f]sfeGbf tNnf] tyf dflyNnf] 

If]qdf s'df/L, u0f]z / e}/jsf] /yhfqf 

ul/G5 . dWoIf]qdf s'df/L, u0f]z / e}/jsf] 

/yhfqf u/]kl5 OGb|hfqf ;lsG5 . 

oxL c;f]h * ut] /fi6« tyf 

;/sf/ k|d'vsf ;fy} ljb]zL kfx'gfaf6 

xg'dfg9f]sfl:yt u2L a}7sdf hLljtb]jL 

s'df/L, u0f]z / e}/jsf] bz{g ug]{ sfo{qmd 

5 . d'n'sdf a;f]jf; ug]{ ljleGg hflt 

tyf ;d'bfosf df}lns ;f+:s[lts ljljwtfn] 

g]kfnL ;+:s[ltnfO{ ljZjdf ljlzi6 agfPsf] 

/fhgLlt1 tLy{/fd 8ª\uf]nn] ljrf/ JoQm 

ug{'eof] . 

pxfFn] g]kfnL df}lns k/Dk/f / 

;+:s[ltn] g]kfnL hLjgz}nLnfO{ ;Eo 

agfpg] ljZjf; JoQm ug{'eof] . OGb|hfqfsf] 

k|f/De ug{'cl3 /fi6«k|d'vsf] pkl:ylt x'g] 

k/Dk/f sf7df8f}Fsf clGtd dNn /fhf 

hok|sfz dNnn] z'? u/]sf lyP . u0f]z, 

e}/j / s'df/Lsf] /yofqfdf xg'dfg9f]sfsf] 

u2L a}7sdf /fi6«k|d'v pkl:yt x'g] k|rng 

af]em ag]sf] / ;'ljwf sd 5 . ;fgf d'n'sn] 

k|d'v d:of}bfsf/, jftf{sf/ tyf j}rfl/s 

g]tfsf ¿kdf sfd u/] klg /fi6« ;ª\3df 

pgLx¿dWo] w]/}n] cfÏgf] cle?lr cufl8 

a9fpg r'gf}tL ef]u]sf 5g\ . 

;g\ !($% df /fi6« ;ª\3 :yfkgf x'Fbf 

xfnsf w]/} d'n's cl:tTjdf lyPgg\ / ;b:o 

;ª\Vofsf cfwf/df pQm ;dosf] t'ngfdf 

clxn] of] ljZj ;+:yf rf}u'0ff 7"nf] ag]sf] 5 . 

cem} s]xL ;fgf d'n'sn] cfÏgf l5d]sL d'n'ssf] 

cle¿lreGbf cfÏgf] ¿lrcg'?k k|ltkmn 

kfpg 7"nf If]qLo zlQm;Fu k/fdz{ lng'k5{ . 

cEof;df cem} klg w]/} ;fgf d'n'sx¿ 

lg/Gt/ ¿kdf w]/} k|sf/sf ;xof]u lng'kg]{ 

ePsfn] 7"nf d'n'ssf k|efjdf 5g\ . 

o; ljZj ;+:yfdf s'g} klg axfgfdf 

ax'/fli6«otfjfbsf] ljsNk vf]Hbf ;fgf d'n's 

;LdfGtLs[t x'g] hf]lvd /x]sf] egL ;fgf 

d'n'ssf /fhb"tx¿n] OG6/g]zgn lk; 

OlG:6Ro"6n] /fi6« ;ª\3df Go"lhNofG8sf :yfoL 

lgof]usf] ;xof]udf u/]sf] Ps cWoogdf 

atfPsf 5g\ . ;xefuL /fhb"tx¿n] ;"rgfdf 

c;Gt'lnt kx' Fr, Ifdtfsf] sdL tyf /fi6« 

;ª\3df k"0f{ ;xeflutfsf nflu ;+/rgfTds 

sl7gfOnfO{ k|d'v afwfsf ¿kdf lnPsf 5g\ . 

/fi6« ;ª\3sf] ;fwf/0f;ef a8fkqdf 

/x]sf] ;fj{ef}d ;dfgtfsf] l;4fGtdf 

;~rfng x'G5 . d'n'ssf] hg;ª\Vof, cfsf/ 

jf cfly{s cj:yf h] eP klg oxfF ;a} 

;b:on] ;dfg dtsf] k|ltlglwTj kfpF5g\ . 

o;}n] ;fgf d'n'ssf] :jtGqtfsf] rf;f] /fi6« 

;ª\3df cem} a9L 5 . /fi6« ;ª\3df ;fgf 

d'n'ssf] ;ª\Vof ax'dt 5 / pgLx¿ sfg"gdf 

cfwfl/t ax'kIfjfbsf alnof jlsn x'g\ . 

cfÏg} ;Ldf ;'/Iff ug{ g;Sg] ;Lldt 

;|f]t ePsf ;fgf d'n'snfO{ /fi6« ;ª\3n] 

cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw / sfg"gsf dfWodaf6 

;'/Iff lbPsf] 5 . ;fgf d'n'ssf d~rsf 

s/La @#% jif{sf] zfxj+zLo k/Dk/f x'Fb} 

u0ftGqfTds Joj:yfdf clxn] klg lg/Gt/tf 

kfPsf] 5 . 

sfe|]sf] gfnfl:yt hª\undf 5f]l8Psf] 

af]sfn] 5f]Psf] ¿vnfO{ z'e ;fOtdf 

sf6]kl5 ef]6flx6Ldf /fv]/ ljlwk"j{s 

OGb|Wjhfsf] lnª\uf] tof/ kfg]{ ul/G5 . ;f+;b 

hLjg/fd >]i7n] o; If]qdf /x]sf ljleGg 

b]jLb]jtf tyf hfqf kj{n] lgdf{0f ePsf 

;f+:s[lts k/Dk/f tyf cf:yf ljZjsf nflu 

g} dxTjk"0f{ cWoog s]Gb| x'g] atfpg'eof] . 

pxfFsf cg';f/ hfqf cjlwdf s'df/L 3/ 

;'/]Gb|axfb'/ g]kfnL 

;'/Iff kl/ifb\df ;fgf d'n'ssf k|ltlglwn] 1fg, k|of;, s"6gLlt tyf g]t[Tj 

;Lksf ;fy} d'n'ssf] t6:ytfsf cfwf/df /fd|f] e"ldsf v]Ng] u/]sf] atfOG5 . 

w]/} ;fgf d'n'ssf nflu /fi6« ;ª\3df cfÇgf] s"6gLlts lgof]u g} ljZjJofkL 

lgof]u xf] . o;}dfkm{t pgLx¿ cGo d'n's;Fu ;~rf/ ;Dks{ :yfkgf u5{g\ . 

/fi6« ;ª\3sf] Jofks ;+/rgfn] pgLx¿nfO{ Ps} :yfgdf cg]sfF} cj;/ pknAw 

u/fOlbG5 . Ps /fhb"t k|Zg u5{g\ æt'efn'sf /fhb"tn] Pn ;fNef8f]/sf 

/fhb"t;Fu sxfF a;]/ ;Fu} s'/f ug]{

dWokxf8L nf]sdfu{ 

b}lgs ;ft 306f cj?4 

• hg;jfn ;+jfbbftf 

s'Zdf– g]kfnsf] dWo 

efuaf6 k"j{klZrd hf]8\g] 

p2]Zosf ;fy cl3 a9fOPsf] 

dWokxf8L nf]sdfu{ b}lgs 

;ft 306f aGb x'g] u/]sf] 5 . 

olta]nf nf]sdfu{sf] kf]v/f– 

afun'ª v08df ;8s lj:tfsf] 

sfd tLj| ultdf eP;Fu} ;8s 

b}lgs ;ft 306fsf b/n] aGb 

ePsf] xf] . 

k"j{–klZrd hf]8\g] ;8s 

tyf k|l;4 tLyf{6g Pj+ ko{6sLo 

uGtJo d':tfªsf] d'lQmgfy hfg] 

;8s;d]t oxL ePsfn] ofq' 

eg] dsf{df k/]sf 5g\ . c;f]h 

! ut]b]lv nfu" x'g] u/L c;f]h 

@) ut];Ddsf nflu b}lgs ;ft 

306f aGb ePsf] sDkgLn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . ;8s lj:tf/sf] 

qmddf 3'DtL rf}8f agfpg] sfd 

eO/x]sf] 5 . dxeL/, 5ds]{, r'jf 

/ cdf{bLnufotsf 7fpFdf r§fg 

kmf]g]{ sfd eO/x]sf] 5 . gfnL 

agfpg], kvf{n lrGg], hfnL eg]{ 

sfd klg ;Fu;Fu} rln/x]sf] 5 . 

kj{ tv08sf] 

l8d'jfb]lv a]tgL;Dd / 

bf]laNnfb]lv r'jf;Ddsf] ;fF3'/f] 

;8s km/flsnf] agfpg ;8s 

aGb u/]/ sfd eO/x]sf] xf] . 

laxfg !) ah]b]lv lbpF;f] !@ 

ah];Dd, lbpF;f] ! ah]b]lv $ 

ah];Dd / ;fFem ^ ah]af6 /flt 

* ah];Dd u/L hDdf ;ft 306f 

;8s aGb x'g] nfdf sG6«S;g 

sDkgLn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . 

wf}nflul/sf rf/ lhNnf kj{t, 

afun'ª, DofUbL / d':tfªnfO{ 

/fli6«o /fhdfu{;Fu hf]8\g] of] 

;8s k6sk6s cj?4 x'Fbf 

;j{;fwf/0fn] b'Mv kfO/x]sf 

5g\ . 

jiff{ /f]lsP/ ;8s ;xh 

x'g] ck]Iff lnPsf ;j{;fwf/0f k'gM 

;8s cj?4 x'Fbf lrlGtt 5g\ . 

c;f]h @) ut]b]lv ljhofbzdL 

z'? x'g] / k|l;4 d'lQmgfywfd 

bz{g ug]{sf] ;d]t rfk a9\g] 

ePsfn] ;8s v'nf ul/g] lgdf{0f 

sDkgL nfdf sG6«S;g sDkgLsf 

k|f]h]S6 Dofg]h/ uf]ljGb e';fnn] 

atfP . 

kf]v/f–afun'ª v08sf] 

;8s rf}8f ug]{ qmddf af6f] 

aGb ug]{ ljifodf lhNnf k|zf;g 

sfof{nodf /fhgLlts bn;lxt 

a}7s a;]sf] xf] . ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] 

sfddf s]xL ;do c;xh eP 

klg ;xdlt h'6]sf] xf] lhNnf 

k|zf;g sfof{no kj{tsf k|d'v 

u'?bQ 9sfnn] eg], æ;se/ 

ljsNk ;8s agfpg'kg]{ xf] 

t/ Tof] x'g ;s]g, ;dGjosf 

cfwf/df PDa'n]G; / lecfOkLsf] 

cf7 s/f]8sf] l/;f]6{ 

bdf}nL -h;_– tgxF'sf] 

aGbLk'/ ufpFkflnsf–% ofDkfdf 

? cf7 s/f]8sf] nufgLdf 

…d:of{ª\bL l/e/ Eo" l/;f]6{Ú 

;~rfngdf NofOPsf] 5 . 

k[YjL/fhdfu{ eP/ ofqf ug]{ 

ko{6snfO{ nlIft ub}{ Joj;foL 

dx]Gb|df]xg e§/fO{n] ;f] l/;f]6{ 

:yfkgf u/]sf x'g\ . :jLldª 

k'n;lxt ;~rfng ul/Psf] 

l/;f]6{ @@ /f]kgL !) cfgf 

If]qkmndf km}lnPsf] 5 . 

klxnf] r/0fdf l/;f]6{df 

!) sf]7f lgdf{0f ul/Psf] / 

o;nfO{ lj:tf/ ub}{ $) ;Dd 

k'¥ofOg] pgn] hfgsf/L lbP . 

bf];|f] r/0fdf csf]{ jif{ !) sf]7f 

/ afFsL t];|f] r/0fdf lgdf{0f 

ul/g] / ;f] cjlw;Dd ;+/rgf 

lgdf{0f ;lsFbf ? gf} s/f]8;Dd 

nufgL k'Ug] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 

Joj;foL e§/fO{n] atfP . 

æk[YjL/fhdfu{ eP/ ofqf 

ug]{ ofq'n] u'0f:t/Lo vfgf;d]t 

l/;f]6{df kfpg]5g\Æ, pgn] eg], 

ætf/] xf]6ndf kfOg] vfgfsf] 

hL0f{ k'ndf hf]lvdk"0f{ ofqf 

a}t8L -h;_– 8f]8]Zj/ 

emf]n'ª\u] k'n hL0f{ x'Fbf ;'g{of 

ufpFkflnsfsf afl;Gbf 

hf]lvdk"0f{ ¿kdf ofqf ug{ afWo 

ePsf 5g\ . pQm k'n hL0f{ x'Fbf 

:yfgLojf;L / ufFpkflnsf hfg] 

;]jfu|fxLnfO{ klg ;d:of ePsf] 

5 . jiff}{ kf/fgf] k'nsf] kmNofs 

s'lxP/ eml/;s]sfn] cfjthfjt 

ug{ cK7\of/f] ePsf] ;'g{of–@ 

sf df]xgaxfb'/ lai6n] atfP . 

;tafFem >Lefj/ ;8s jiff{n] 

cj?4 ePkl5 k}bndfu{sf] pQm 

k'n klg k'n hL0f{ x'Fbf ;d:of 

ePsf] pgn] atfP . 

ufFpkflnsfsf] j8f g+ !, 

u'0f:t/ oxfF klg kfOG5 .Æ 

l/;f]6{df :jLldª k'nsf] 

Joj:yf ;d]t 5 . …udL{ofddf 

kf}8L v]Ngsf nflu kf]v/f 

hfg'kg]{ afWotf lyof]Æ, Joj;foL 

e6[/fO{n] eg], æca bdf}nL, 8'd|] / 

cfFa'v}/]gLsf ;j{;fwf/0fn] glhs} 

:jLldª k'nsf] dHhf;d]t lng 

kfpg]5g\ .Ætgx'F pBf]u jfl0fHo 

;ª\3sf ;b:o;d]t /xg'ePsf 

pgn] o; If]qdf ;Dd]ng 

ug]{ ejgsf] cefj b]v]/ l/;f]6{d} 

@)) hgf Ifdtfsf] ;efsIf / 

#) hgf Ifdtfsf] a}7s sIf 

lgdf{0f u/]sf 5g\ . 

l/;f]6{df :yfgLo @) / 

sf7df8f}Fsf b'O{ u/L @@ hgfn] 

/f]huf/L kfPsf 5g\ . l/;f]6{df 

afnaflnsfnfO{ v]Ngsf nflu 

afn pBfg;d]t agfOPsf] 

5 . l/;f]6{sf Joj:yfks cd/ 

Gof}kfg]n] /fhdfu{df ofqf ug]{ 

ko{6s tgx'F ga;L l;w}F kf]v/f 

of sf7df8f}F hfg] u/]sfn] 

pgLx¿nfO{ tgx'Fd} cfsif{0f ug]{ 

Joj:yf l/;f]6{n] ug{] atfP . 

;fd'bflos ljBfnonfO{ sDKo'6/ 

x'Dnf -h;_– x'Dnfsf 

;fd'bflos ljBfnosf] 

z}lIfs u'0f:t/ ;'wfg{ vfk'{gfy 

ufpFkflnsfsf b'O{ dfWolds 

ljBfnonfO{ u'8g]j;{ OG6/g]zgn 

/ s0ff{nL PsLs[t u|fdL0f ljsf; 

tyf cg';Gwfg s]Gb| -ls8f{s_ 

g]kfnn] sDKo'6/ ljt/0f u/]sf] 

5 . u'8g]e;{ OG6/g]zgnsf] 

cfly{s ;xof]u / ls8f{s 

g]kfn x'Dnfåf/f ;~rflnt lzIff 

sfoqmdcGtu{t ufpFkflnsfsf] 

;Ltf dflj, l5k|f / dflnsf 

dflj, nfnLnfO{ sDKo'6/ ljt/0f 

ul/Psf] u'8g]e;{ OG6/g]zgn 

x'Dnfsf ;+of]hs dgs'df/ /fO{n] 

atfP . ljBfyL{nfO{ k|fljlws 

lzIfftkm{ / gofF 6]Sgf]nf]hLtkm{ 

s]lGb|t ug]{ p2]Zon] sDKo'6/ 

ljt/0f sfo z'? ePsf] xf] . 

lhNnf lzIff ;dGjo PsfO{ 

@ / # sf afl;Gbfn] ufpFkflnsf 

hfg ;f]xL k'n k|of]u ug'{kg]{ 

afWotf 5 . jiff{t\sf] ;dodf 

vf]nf a9]kl5 tg{ g;lsg] / k'n 

klg hL0f{ ePsfn] cfjthfjt 

ug{ ;d:of ePsf] ;'g{of–$ sf 

k|sfz ef6n] atfP . 

pgn] eg], æk'ndf 

cfjthfjt ug{ 8/ nfU5 .Æ 

8f]8]Zj/ vf]nfdf k'n gx'Fbf 

ljBfyL{nfO{ ;d]t cfjthfjt 

ug{ ;d:of ePsf] /f}n]Zj/ 

dfljsf lzIfs bLk]Gb| lai6n] 

hfgsf/L lbP . hL0f{ k'n 

ufFpkflnsfn] cufdL jif{ dd{t 

ug]{ hgfPsf] 5 . 

k|d'v jif{ km8]/fn] ;DalGwt 

ljBfnosf k|wfgcWofksnfO{ 

sDKo'6/ ljt/0f u/]sf x'g\ . 

dflnsf dfljnfO{ !) 

yfg sDKo'6/ Ps yfg k|f]h]S6/ 

/ ;Ltf dfljnfO{ cf7 yfg / Ps 

k|f]h]S6/ ljt/0f ePsf] lyof] . 

b'O{ ljBfnodf u/L ? !) nfv 

@# xhf/ @(@ a/fa/sf] sDKo'6/ 

;fdfu|L x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] 5 . 

lhNnfsf] dWoIf]qdf kg]{ ;s]{uf8 

ufpFkflnsfdf /x]sf] lxdHof]lt 

dfWolds ljBfnodf ljt/0f 

u/]sf] sDKo'6/ clxn];Dd 

;~rfngdf cfpg g;s]sfdf 

eg] ;dGjo k|d'v km8]/fn] 

To:tf sdhf]/L ;'wfg{ lgb{]zg 

lbP . ljBfnonfO{ k|ljlwd}qL 

agfpg ;f] sDKo'6/ ;xof]uL 

x'g] l5k|f dfljsf k|wfgWofks 

h'gc/fh xdfnn] atfP . 

ofqfdf eg] h'g;'s} a]nf klg 

;8s v'nf ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf 

5 .Æ æ:jf:Yo k/LIf0f nflu 

kf]v/f lxF8]sf] lyPF t/ aLrdf 

/f]lsg'k¥of]Æ hnhnf–# sf 

u'dfgl;+x sfsL{n] eg], æls 

ljsNk lbg'kYof]{ xfdL :jf:Yo 

k/LIf0fsf nflu lxF8]sfn] ;f:tL 

kfof}F .Æ 7"nf rf8af8;d]t 

glhlsFb} u/]sfn] ;8s nfdf] 

;do aGb x'Fbf lgs} b'Mv v]Kg' 

k/]sf] ofq'sf] u'gf;f] 5 . 

dWokxf8L nf]sdfu{ 

cfof]hgfn] &@ lsnf]ld6/ 

nfdf] kf]v/f afun'ª v08nfO{ 

gofF:j?kdf 9fNg] u/L dd{t 

;Def/ tLj| kfl//x]sf] 5 . 

nf]sdfu{ k"/} gofF:j?kdf 

lj:tf/ / :t/f]Gglt ug{ rf/ 

v08 agfP/ sfd eO/x]sf] 5 . 

dWokxf8L ;8s cfof]hgfn] 

lbPsf] hfgsf/Lcg';f/ tLg jif{ 

kf]v/f–afun'ª v08sf] w]/}h;f] 

efu k"/} gofF aGg]5 . 

clxn];Dd !% k|ltzt sfd 

;lsPsf] cfof]hgfsf] kj{tsf] 

k|j]zåf/b]lv dfn9'ª\uf;Ddsf] 

@# bzdnj &^( lsnf]ld6/ 

:t/f]Ggltsf] sfd nfdf sG6«S;g 

k|flnn] lhDdf lnPsf] 5 . 

sDkgLn] ? *# s/f]8 (* 

nfvdf kj{t v08 :t/f]Ggltsf] 

sfdsf] 7]Ssf kfPsf] xf] . 

df]km;n 

;dfh;]jL u'?ªsf] 

wfgv]t ljBfnonfO{ 

kj{t -h;_– kj{tsf] 

dxfzLnf ufpFkflnsf–^ 

kmnfdvfgLl:yt dl0fufpFsf 

(! jifL{o ;dfh;]jL z]/axfb'/ 

u'?ªn] cfkm\gf] (!cfF} hGdlbgsf] 

cj;/ kf/]/ b'O{ ;fd'bflos 

ljBfnonfO{ hUuf k|bfg u/]sf 

5g\ . :yfgLo dbgcfl>t 

dfWolds ljBfnonfO{ !% 

/f]kgL / kmnfdvfgL cfwf/e"t 

ljBfnonfO{ !) /f]kgL u/L @% 

/f]kgL hUuf lgMz'Ns pknAw 

u/fPsf x'g\ . tTsfnLg 

/fh;ef :yfoL ;ldltsf 

k"j{ ;b:o;d]t /xg'ePsf 

u'?ªn] b'O{ ljBfnonfO{ ef}lts 

k"jf{wf/n] ;DkGg u/fpg / 

afFsL hdLgdf cfocfh{gsf 

sfo{qmd u/]/ z}lIfs ;'wf/df 

;xof]u k'uf];\ eGg] p2]Zon] 

hUuf ;xof]u u/]sf] atfP . 

pgn] nfdf] ;do cfkm" ufpFd} 

a;]/ ;dfh;]jfdf nfu]sf] / 

cfkm\g} kxndf :yfkgf ePsf 

ljBfnonfO{ JolQmut hUuf 

x:tfGt/0f u/]sf] atfP . 

pQm hUufsf] nfnk'hf{ 

u'?ªn] ufpFkflnsfsf cWoIf 

/fh'k|;fb kf}8]nnfO{ x:tfGt/0f 

ul/Psf] xf] . sfo{qmddf 

hUufbftf u'?ªnfO{ bf];Nnf 

cf]9fP/ ;Ddfg ul/g'sf ;fy} 

lb3f{o'sf] sfdgf ;d]t ul/Psf] 

lyof] . u'?ª bDKfltsf rf/ 5f]/f 

5g\ . pgx¿ sf]xL j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/ t sf]xL a'6andf 

;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ 

j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] nflu 

xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];\ . 

lk; g]kfn cf]e/l;h k|f=ln= 

>d Ohfht g+= ^%*÷)^#÷)^$ 

wfkf;L, sf7df8f}+ 

kmf]g M )!–$#*@@%! 

Joj;fodf ;+nUg /x]sf 5g\ . 

u'?ª s]xL ;do ufpFdf t 

s]xL ;do a'6andf a:b} 

cfPsf 5g\ . 

u'?ªn] k|bfg u/]sf] 

hUufsf] d"No ? @% nfv 

a/fa/sf] 5 . cfkm\gf] 

wfgv]t, sf]bf]af/L / v/af/L 

h:tf ufpFsf dxTjk"0f{ hUuf 

k|bfg ug'{ePsf] dbgcfl>t 

dfljsf ljBfno Joj:yfkg 

;ldltsf cWoIf anaxfb'/ 

If]qLn] hfgsf/L lbP . pgsf 

s]xL hUufdf ljBfnosf 

nflu ef}lts k"jf{wf/ agfpg] 

/ afFsL hUuf ef8fdf lbP/ 

ljBfnosf] nflu cfoz'qmaf/{g 

ul/g] atfp . clxn] sIff !) 

;Dd ;~rfng x'Fb} cfPsf] pQm 

ljBfnodf sIff !! / !@ klg 

;~rfng ug]{ of]hgf /x]sf] 5 . 

sIff !@ ;Dd ;~rfng ePkl5 

pQm j8fsf ljBfyL{ cWoog 

ug{sf nflu l5d]sL j8f g+ 

% sf] n'ª\Vf'b]p/fnL hfg'kg]{ 

afWotf x6\g] 5 . hGdlbgs} 

cj;/df ch'{grf}kf/L 

ufpFkflnsf j8f g+ % cf?rf}/ 

:ofªhfdf /x]sf] ;jf]{bo 

dfljdf ? %# xhf/a/fa/sf] 

sf]if v8f u/]sf 5g\ . x/]s 

jif{ ;flxTo;DaGwL k|ltof]lutf 

ug]{ / pTs[i6 x'g]nfO{ ;f]xL 

cIfosf]ifsf] /sdaf6 k'/:sf/ 

ljt/0f ug]{ p2]Zon] cIfosf]if 

:yfkgf u/]sf x'g\ . 

emf]n'ª\u] k'n lj:tf/;Fu} 

36\of] hf]lvd 

/f]Nkf -h;_– lhNnfdf 

emf]n'ª\u] k'n lj:tf/;Fu} vf]nf 

tbf{ x'g] hf]lvd 36\g yfn]sf] 

5 . ef}uf]lns agfj6sf sf/0f 

lhNnfsf clwsf+z 7f8f] vf]nf 

x'g] / ToxfF cfjthfjt ubf{ 

hf]lvd x'Fb} cfPsf] lyof] . 

lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltcGtu{t 

emf]n'ª\u] k'n ;xof]u sfo{qmdaf6 

emf]n'ª\u] k'n lj:tf/ ePsf] xf] . 

cfjthfjtdf ;d:of ef]Ub} 

cfPsf ;d'bfonfO{ k|fyldstf 

lbO{ sfo{qmd ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 

lh;;sf ;a–Ol~hlgo/ tLns 

s];Ln] atfP . lhNnfdf 

xfn;Dd @)& emf]n'ª\u] k'n 

lgdf{0f eO;s]sf 5g\ . k|ltk'n 

lgdf{0fsf nflu ? @% nfvb]lv 

? $% nfv;Dd vr{ x'g] u/]sf] 

5 . 6«:6k'n sd nfutdf tof/ 

eP klg emf]n'ª\u] k'ndf cTolws 

ah]6 vr{ eO/x]sf] s];Ln] 

atfP . k'/fgf k'n dd{t / gofF 

lgdf{0fsf nflu ;d'bfoaf6 dfu 

cfO/x]sf] s];Lsf] egfO 5 . 

xfn;Dd ;'g5x/L 

ufpFkflnsfdf ;a}eGbf w]/} 

emf]n'ª\u] k'n lgdf{0f ePsf] 

5 . ;f] ufpFkflnsfdf ^) 

emf]n'ª\u] k'n lgdf{0f eO;s]sf] 

5 . o;}u/L blIf0f /f]Nkfsf] 

?G6Lu9L ufpFkflnsfdf lhNnfd} 

sd emf]n'ª\u] k'n lgdf{0f 

ePsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ?G6Lu9L 

ufpFkflnsfdf xfn;Dd hDdf ^ 

dfq} emf]n'ª\u] k'n lgdf{0f ePsf] 

atfOPsf] 5 . 

lhNnfsf] b'u{d e"uf]nnfO{ 

k|fyldstf lbP/ sfd u/]sf 

sf/0f pQ/k"jL{ /f]Nkfdf a9L 

dfqfdf emf]n'ª\u] k'n ag]sf] 

u};; ljsf; ;/f]sf/ ;dfh 

/f]Nkfsf cWoIf s0f{ jfF7fn] 

hfgsf/L lbP . :yfgLo hgtfn] 

sf7sf] c:yfoL k'n tyf km8\s] 

agfpFbf x/]s jif{ jghª\unsf] 

;d]t gf; xF'b} cfPsfdf k'n 

lgdf{0fn] :yfoL ;dfwfg lbg'sf] 

;fy} hª\un ljgf; x'gaf6 ;d]t 

hf]luPsf] atfOPsf] 5 . 

k'n lgdf{0fkl5 ;'/lIft 

ofqf ug{ kfPsfdf ;"of]{bo 

cfwf/e"t ljBfno wjfª\usf 

lzIfs a'4L/fd s];Ln] v'zL JoQm 

u/] . @) jif]{ hflu/ cjlwdf 

!( jif{ vf]nf t/]/} cfjthfjt 

ul/of], cl3Nnf] jif{ k'n ag]sfn] 

;lhnf] ePsf] 5, s];Ln] eg] . 

jiff{tsf] df};ddf lgs} r'gf}tL 

df]n]/ vf]nf tg{ afWo eof}F, 

s];Ln] eg] . k'n cefjsf sf/0f 

;f]xL vf]nfdf au]/ w]/} dfG5]n] 

Hofg u'dfPsf] tyf 3fOt] ePsf] 

s];Lsf] egfO 5 . x/]s jif{ 

:yfgLo hgtfn] jgsf 7"n7"nf 

?v sf6]/ km6\s] xfNg] rng eP 

klg To;sf] :yfloTj gx'gfsf 

;fy} jg klg ljgf; xF'b} cfPsf] 

lzIfs s];Ln] atfP . 

hnfzo ;+/If0fdf ;':tf ufpFkflnsf 

k/f;L -h;_– klZrd 

gjnk/f;Lsf] ;':tf ufpFkflnsf 

hnfzo ;+/If0fdf h'6]sf] 5 . 

lhNnfs} cGo :yfgLo txn] 

kf]v/L tyf hnfzo k'/]/ ljjfbdf 

cfO/x]sf a]nf ;':tf eg] 

;+/If0fdf h'6]sf] 5 . hnfzonfO{ 

Jojl:yt u/fO kf]v/L 

lgdf{0fdf nfu]sf] ufpFkflnsfn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . To;sf nflu 

ufpFkflnsfn] ? Ps s/f]8 /sd 

ljlgof]hg u/]sf] ufpFkflnsf 

cWoIf /fdk|;fb kf08]n] hfgsf/L 

lbP . ufpFkflnsf If]qleq 

/x]sf] gf/fo0fL gbLsf] 5f8g 

eg]/ lrlgg] 7"nf] hnf;onfO{ 

Jojl:yt ug{ ;f] /sd ljlgof]hg 

ul/Psf] cWoIf kf08]n] atfP . 

;f] hnf;odf uf]xL;d]t a:g] 

u/]sf 5g\ . hnf;o 5]p5fpdf 

kf]v/L lgdf{0f ug]{ / aLrsf] 

ulx/f] efu hnf;os} ¿kdf 

Jojl:yt ug{ ah]6 ljlgof]hg 

ul/Psf] ufpFkflnsfsL pkfWoIf 

OGb|s'df/L y¿gLn] atfP . 

hnf;o Joj:yfkg gx'Fbf 

clgolGqt ¿kdf cltqmd0f x'g] 

u/]sf] lyof] . 

;f] ah]6n] ;Ldfª\sg 

u/L hnf;osf] lj:t[t cWoog 

u/fO s'g efudf kf]v/L lgdf{0f 

ug{], s'g efunfO{ hnf;os} 

¿kdf ;+/If0f ug]{ olsg u/]/ 

;+/If0fsf] sfd cufl8 a9fpg] 

pgn] atfP . lj;+ @)!^ df 

g]kfn / ef/taLr u08s 

;Demf}tf x'g'k"j{ g} gf/fo0fL 

gbLn] cfkm\gf] wf/ km]bf{ ;f] 

If]qdf hnf;o ag]sf] lyof] . 

hnf;o s/La ? Ps xhf/ la3f 

If]qkmndf km}lnPsf] :yfgLon] 

atfPsf 5g\ . gf/fo0fL gbL 

;f]xL If]q eP/ au]sfn] ToxfF 

caf}{sf] lu§L / afn'jf;d]t /x]sf] 

5 . kf]v/L vGbf lg:sg] lu§L 

/ afn'jf;d]t k|lqmof k'¥ofP/ 

lnnfd laqmL u/L ufpFkflnsfn] 

cfDbfgL ug]{ of]hgf agfPsf] 

5 . ufpFkflnsfsf] of] sfo{qmdn] 

jl/kl/sf afl;Gbf;d]t pT;fxL 

ePsf 5g\ . rf]/L eP/ hfg] 

k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] ufpFkflnsfn] 

hglxtdf x'g] u/L pkof]u 

ug]{ ePkl5 ufpFn] pT;fxL ePsf] 

:yfgLo ;'/h sf]xf/n] atfP . 

;':tf ufpFkflnsfn] ;+/If0f ug]{ 

of]hgf cufl8 ;f/]/ ;sf/fTds 

sfd u/]sf] lhNnf ;dGjo 

;ldltsf k|d'v lzjzª\s/ 

/fon] atfP . 



ljb]z 

k|ltaGwsf] gfddf 

cd]l/sfn] cfuf];Fu v]Nb}5 M /l;of 

d:sf -PPkmkL_– /l;of / rLg la?4 

nlIft kl5Nnf cd]l/sL k|ltaGwx? ljZjsf] 

:yfloTjsf nflu vt/f /x]sf] ?;n] hgfPsf] 

5 . ?;L pkljb]zdGqL ;]u]{O /\ofasf]en] 

Ps lj1lKt k|sfzg u/L cd]l/sfn] cfuf];Fu 

v]Ng rfx]sf] k|ltlqmof lbg'eof] . dGqL ;]u]{On] 

?;–cd]l/sf ;DaGwdf tgfa lgdf{0f ubf{ 

ljZjdf :yfloTj cfpF5 eGg' d'v{tf dfq xf] 

eGg'ePsf] 5 . æcfuf];Fu v]Ng vf]Hg' d"v{tf 

xf], o;sf] kl/0ffd vt/gfs x'g ;Sb5,Æ pxfFn] 

eGg'eof] . laxLaf/, ;+o'Qm/fHo cd]l/sfn] 

?;b]lv rLg;Ddsf b]zdfly k|ltaGwx? 

nufPsf] lyof] . cd]l/sfn] ?;L n8fs" ladfg 

/ If]Kof:q vl/b ug]{ Pp6f lrgLof ;}lgs 

;+:yf la?4 b08fTds ;hfo ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 

lyof] . 

cd]l/sL ljb]z dGqfnon] ;d]t ## j6f 

?;L hf;";L tyf ;}lgs–;Da4 kIfx?nfO{ 

gfsfaGbLsf] sfnf];"rLdf /fv]sf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 

lyof] . oL ;a} o;cl3 g} cd]l/sL k|ltaGwsf] 

;"rLdf /x]sf ?;L JolQm / sDkgL lyP . 

cd]l/sL k|ltaGw Joxf]g] { JolQm / sDkgLx?df 

k|lt/Iff ;Da4 sDkgLx?, hLcf/o" ;}lgs hf;";L 

lgsfosf clws[tx? tyf OG6/g]6 cg';Gwfg 

Ph]G;L;Fu cfa4 JolQmx? /x]sf 5g\ . 

k|ltaGw 3f]if0ff ul/Psf ## dWo] @* 

j6f la?4 @)!^ sf] cd]l/sL r'gfjsf] wfFwnLsf] 

cg';Gwfg ul//x]sf] /f]a6{ d"n/sf] 5fglag 

;ldltn] cf/f]lkt u/]sf x'g\ . pkljb]zdGqL 

;]u]{O /\ofasf]en] xfn;Dd cd]l/sfn] 

hlt;'s} k|ltaGwx? 3f]if0ff u/] klg ?;n] 

cfkm\gf] gLltdf kl/jt{g gu/]sf] :ki6 ug'{eof] . 

æcd]l/sL sfnf];"rL k6sk6s nflu/x]s} 5 . 

of] xf:of:kb 5 t/ p;n] nufOcfPsf] 5,Æ 

pxfFn] atfpg'eof] . æo:tf] nfU5 k|ltaGwx? 

3f]if0ff ug'{ cd]l/sfsf nflu dgf]ljgf]b xf] .Æ 

pxfFn] ;g\ @)!! otf cd]l/sfn] ?; la?4 

3f]if0ff u/]sf] of] ^) cf}+ k|ltaGw xf] . 

tfGhflgofdf 8'ª\uf b'3{6gf 

Ps ;osf] d[To', bh{gf} j]kQf 

g}/f]aL -PPkmkL_– tfGhflgofdf /x]sf] 

clk|msfsf] 7"nf] tfn leS6f]l/ofdf ePsf] Ps 

8'ª\uf b'3{6gfdf sDtLdf Ps;o hgfsf] d[To' 

x'g'sf] ;fy} cGo bh{gf} j]kQf ePsf 5g\ . 

tfGhflgofsf p4f/stf{x?n] z'qmaf/ ;f] b'3{6gf 

ePsf] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . a]kQfx?sf] 

vf]hLsfo{ z'? ul/Psf] / pgLx?sf] hLljt} 

p4f/sf nflu k|of; hf/L /x]sf] tfGhflgofsf] 

;/sf/L ;~rf/dfWodn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . 

oxfFsf] psf/f åLkglhs} laxLaf/ 

ck/fXg sl/a Ps;o ofq' ;jf/ /x]sf] ;f] 

8'ª\uf b'3{6gf ePsf] lyof] . bh{gf}sf] ;ª\Vofdf 

a]kQf /x]sf JolQmn] Hofg u'dfpg] 8/ ePsf] 

ps]/]j] lhNnf kl/ifbsf k|d'v hh{ Gofdfxfn] 

lrGtf JoQm ug'{ ePsf] 5 . 

If]qLo ueg{/ hf]g df]ªu]Nnfn] o; 

b'3{6gdf k/L sl/a Ps;o hgfsf] d[To' ePsf]] 

/ cGo #& hgfnfO{ p4f/ ul/Psf] laxLaf/ 

atfpg'ePsf] 5 . oBkL p4f/ ul/Psfx?df 

klg s]xLsf] cj:yf lrGtfhgs ePsf] hf]gn] 

atfpg' ePsf] 5 . tfGhflgofsf] ;/sf/L 

lgsfosf cg';f/ o; 8'ª\ufdf slt JolQm 

;jf/ /x]sf lyP eGg] k|i6 ePsf] 5}g . 

8'ª\uf b'3{6gfsf] sf/0f xfn k|i6 

gePsf] t/ o;k|sf/sf] b'3{6gfdf af/Daf/ 

Ifdtf eGbf a9L g} JolQm /xg] u/]sf sf/0f 

g} x'g] u/]sf] ;DalGwt clwsf/Lx?n] bfaL 

u/]sf 5g\ . s/La &) xhf/ ju{ ldnf]ld6/ 

If]qkmn /x]sf] of] leS6f]l/of tfn c08fsf/df 

/x]sf] 5 . 

leotgfdLsf /fi6«klt 6«fg bfO{ Sjfªsf] lgwg 

xgf]O -PPkmkL_– leotgfdsf /fi6«klt 

6«fg bfO Sjfªsf] ^! jif{sf] pd]/df z'qmaf/ 

lgwg ePsf] 5 . nfdf] ;dob]lv uDeL/ /f]uaf6 

k|efljt Sjfªsf] pkrf/s} qmddf lgwg ePsf] 

;/sf/åf/f ;~rflnt ;~rf/ dfWodn] hfgsf/L 

lbPsf] 5 . :yfgLo ;dofcg';f/ z'qmaf/ 

laxfg !) ah]/ % ldg]6 hfFbf pxfFsf] lgwg 

ePsf] 5 . pxfFn] ;g\ @)!^ b]lv /fi6«kltsf] 

sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg' ePsf] lyof] . o;cl3 pxfFn] 

rf/ bzseGbf a9L u[x dGqfnosf] lhDd]jf/L 

;DxfNg' ePsf] lyof] . 

cfnª\sfl/s /fi6«kltsf ?kdf /x]klg 

pxfFn] leotgfdsf k|efjzfnL g]tfsf] 5lj 

agfpg'ePsf] lyof] . ut ;ftf cfkm\gf] 

sdhf]/ :jf:Yosf aLrdf klg /fi6«klt 6«fgn] 

OG8f]g]l;ofnL /fi6«klt hf]sf] lj8f]8f]sf] :jfut 

sfo{qmdsf] cfltYo ug'{ePsf] lyof] . xgf]O{df 

lrlgofF /fhgLlt1 / ljb]zL k|ltlglwd08n;Fu 

pxfFn] ;fj{hlgs ?kdf b'O{ lbg cufl8dfq 

e]6jftf{ ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] 

kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o ;d]t /xg'ePsf /fi6«klt 

6«fgsf] kf6L{leq ulx/f] k|efj /x]sf] 5 . 

cd]l/sL uf]nLsf08, rf/ hgfsf] d[To' 

Pa/8Lg -PkL_– cd]l/sfsf] d]l/NofG8l:yt 

Ps cf}iflw e08f/u[xdf sfo{/t Ps dlxnfn] 

cfkm\g} ;xsdL{ ;fyLx?dfly cGwfw'Gw uf]nL 

rnfpFbf tLg hgfsf] 36gf:ynd} d[To' ePsf] 

5 . uf]nL rnfpg] dlxnfn] klg cfTdxTof u/]sf] 

k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . cf}iflwsf] uf]bfd3/df 

;xsdL{x?aLr ljjfb a9\b} uPkl5 laxLaf/ 

laxfg uf]nL rn]sf] lyof] . pQm 36gfdf c? 

tLghgf uDeL/ ?kdf 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . 

:yfgLo k|x/L clwsf/L h]km|L ufxn/n] 

afN6Ldf]/ lgjf;L :gf]lrof df];]nLn] rnfPsf] 

cGwfw'Gw uf]nLaf6 tLg hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] / 

s]xL 3fOt] ePsf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . k|x/Ln] 

pQm uf]nLsf08 x'g'sf] d'Vo sf/0fsf] cg';Gwfg 

z'? u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . tL dlxnf :joFn] 

cfTdxTof u/]sfn] hjfkmdf uf]nL grnfPsf] 

k|x/Ln] :ki6 u/]sf] 5 . ljut b'O{ lbgleq} 

;+o'Qm/fHo cd]l/sfdf ePsf] of] t];|f] 7"nf] 

uf]nLsf08 xf] . a'waf/ klg lj:slG;g /fHodf 

cGwfw'Gw uf]nL rnfpFb tLg hgf uDeL/ 

3fOt] ePsf lyP eg] k]lG;ne]lgofdf ePsf] 

Ps csf]{ 36gfdf Ps JolQmn] rnfPsf] uf]nL 

nfu]/ Ps hgfsf] d[To' x'g'sf ;fy} rf/hgf 

3fOt] ePsf lyP . 

k"jL{ rLgdf d[To'b08 

xfGemfp -l;GXjf_– ;g\ @)!& df 3/df 

cfuhgL u/L kl/jf/sf rf/ ;b:osf] xTof 

u/]sf] cleof]udf d[To'b08sf] ;hfo kfPsL 

df] x'cfglhª gfdsL kfl/jfl/s ;';f/]nfO{ 

em]lhofª k|fGtdf z'qmaf/ d[To'b08 lbOPsf] 

5 . ;';f/]nfO{ lbOPsf] d[To'b08sf af/]df 

rLgsf] ;jf]{Rr lkk'N; cbfntn] k'g/fjnf]sg 

;d]t u/]sf] :yfgLo cbfntn] hgfPsf] 5 . 

d[To'b08 lbg'cl3 df] sf kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?nfO{ 

e]63f6sf] cj;/ lbOPsf] lyof] . 

cbfntsf] cfb]zdf elgPsf] 5, æ;';f/]sf] 

lgot ljeT;, clt ljå]zk"0f{ / vt/gfs 

b]lvof] . ck/fwsf] b':kl/0ffd uDeL/ dfq xf]Og 

;fj{hlgs ;'/Iffsf nflu ;d]t gf]S;fgb]xL 

kfOof] .Æ kqmfp k/]nuQ} df] n] cfuhgL u/]sf] 

:jLsf/ u/]klg ck/fwsf] k|s[lt / s|'/tfn] 

pgnfO{ pGd"lQm lbg] ;Defjgf sd} lyof], 

cbfntsf] egfO 5 . æk|df0fx? oyfy{k/s / 

kof{Kt lyP, / ;hfo pko'Qm /x]sf] cbfntsf] 

7DofO 5 .Æ




o; sf/0f sfsL{ KofgnnfO{ dtbfg=== 

vf]kLlgwL nf]xgL 

;x;+of]hs, g]kfn lgdf{0f 

Joj;foL ;+u7g 

–lgdf{0faf6 ;d[4 /fi6« lgdf{0f ug{sf 

nflu gLlt, lgod, P]g, sfg'g, agfpg 

eg]sf] /fHosf] nflu xf] . To;kl5 lgdf{0f 

bfg axfb'/ v8\sf, s0ff{nL 

k|b]z v'Nnf ;b:o 

s0ff{nL k|b]z v'Nnf ;b:o 

;a} lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] 

h:tf] s0ff{nL k|b]zsf lgdf{0f 

Joj;foLsf] klg Pp6} 

;d:of /x]sf] 5 . oxfFsf] 

d'Vo ;d:of eg]s} vl/b 

P]g, cfly{s lgodjfnL 

nufotsf 5g\ . o:t}, s0ff{nL 

k|b]zdf klg lxdfn, t/fO{, 

dWo kxf8 /x]sf] 5g\ . oxfFsf] 

lxdfnL If]qdf % dlxgf 

sfd ug{ ;lsg] cj:yf 

5 . To;}n] lgdf{0f 7]Ssf 

;"o{axfb'/ v8\sf 

s]lGb|o ;b:o v'Nnf, pDd]bjf/ 

Joj;foLs xslxtsf] nflu 

xfdL lg/Gt/ nflu kg] { 5f} . 

pd]b\jf/x?sf] u'6aGbL eGbf 

klg Joj;foLx?sf] ;'/Iffsf] 

k|d'v lhDd]jf/L xfd|f] ;d'xsf] 

Joj;foLnfO{ xf] . 

–ha;Dd /fhg}lts kf6L{n] ;d[l4, 

ljsf;, lgdf{0f eGg] s'/f a'em\g ;Sb}gg\ 

tj;Dd /fHodf ljsf; lgdf{0f x'g 

;Sb}g . /fHonfO{ a'emfpg] lhDd]jf/L 

klg lgdf{0f Joj;foLs} sfFwdf 5 . 

–ha;Dd /fHosf] ^) k|ltzt ljsf; 

ah]6 ;~rfng ug{] ;+:yfnfO{ x]g{] b[li6 

;sf/fTds x'Fb}g tj;Dd /fHo ljsl;t 

x'g ;Sb}g . 

–hgtfsf cfwf/e"t s'/fx? klxrfg 

u/fpg xfdLn] ;Sg'kb{5 . 

–ljsf; lgdf{0fdf lqkIfLo ;+nUgtf 

5 . /fHokIf, hgkIf, / lgdf{0f 

Joj;fo kIf . 

–lgdf{0f sfo{x? ;~rfng ug{ ljleGg 

;d:ofx? 5g\, ltgnfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ 

cfjZos 5 . 

–lqkIfLo ;+nUgtfaf6 sfo{ l9nfO{ x'G5 . 

t/, PskIfLo lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ dfq 

lbFbf ef}uf]lns cj:yf x]/L 

cjwL x]g'kb{5 . To;}n] 

ef}uf]lns d}qL cfof]hgfsf] 

cjwL x'g'kb{5 . o:t}, lgdf{0f 

x'g]5 . xfd|f] ;+:yf g} 

Joj;foLs xslxtsf] 

nflu :yfkgf ePsf] x' Fbf 

xfdLn] klg ;fgf 7'nf ;a} 

Joj;foLx?sf] ;'/Iffdf hf]8 

lbPsf 5f}+ . ;To / /fd|f] sfd 

ug] { ;d'xsf] laho ;'lglZrt 

5 . xfdL ;a} hgf ldn]/ 

sfd ug'{ k5{ . ;a}sf] ;+/If0f 

x'g' k5{ . sf6] {lnª, Psflwsf/ 

/ cJol:yt tl/sfn] cuf8 

cfPsf s'/fx?nfO{ Joj:yLt 

tl/sfn] ldnfpg' k5{ . lgdf{0f 

Joj;fodf ;a} hgf Psh'6 

Joj;foL dfly x'g] u'08fubL{, 

rGbf k|s/0f, lgdf{0f 

Joj;foLsf] ;'/Iff tyf 

s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] lgdf{0fsf] 

Joj;foLsf] cK7/f, Jojwfg 

/ ;d:ofnfO{ ;dfwfg ug{sf] 

nflu d}n] pDd]bjf/L 3f]if0ff 

u/]sf] x'F . 

o:t}, 6]08/ k|lqmofdf 

g} lgdf{0fsf] av6 rflxg] 

vlgh 9'Ëf, df6f], lu6LF sxfF 

af6 NofOg] h:tf s'/f pNn]v 

u/] kl5 ;d:of x'Fb}g\ . o:t}, 

;Demf}tf ubf{ g]kfnL efiffdf 

x'g'kb{5 . sltko Joj;foL 

{ + 

eP/ ;a}nfO{ k/]sf ;d:ofx? 

;dfwfg ub} 5f} . ;a} 

Joj;foL Ps ePdf ;d:of 

;dfwfg ug{ ;xh x'g]5 . 

o;n] xfdL ;a} Joj;foLsf] 

enf] x'g]5 . cGtdfM ;Dk"0f{ 

Jofj;foLHo"x?nfO{ xfd|f] 

k|ultlzn KofgnnfO{ 

dtbfgul/ cTolws 

ax'dtsf;fy ljhoL 

u/fO{lbg'x'g o;} ;+rf/ 

dfWoddfkm{t xflb{s xflb{s 

cg'/f]w ub{5' . 

bf]if nufO{ j]OHhtLk"0f{ 9+un] lj1fkg 

ul/G5 . 

–Joj;foLd}qL sfg'g agfpg cfjZos 

5 . /, ca agfpg'kb{5 . 

–Eof6, 6\ofS;sf] lgodfjnL kf/bzL{, 

;/n, emGem6d'Qm agfpg'kb{5 . 

–6]08/ lgsfNg' cl3 ;fO6 

Pl/ofdf jgh+un eP jftfj/0fLo 

k|efj u/fO{ ug'{kg{] x'G5 . o;nfO{ ;xh 

agfpgk5{ . 

oL ;a} s'/fsf] Joj:yfkg, ;+rfng, 

lgsf/0f / k|of]u ug{sf nflu klg 

oIfWjh sfsL{ ;d"xsf] lht cfjZos 

5 . dnfO{ ljZjf; 5, ;d[4 g]kfn 

rfxfg], k|ultzLn ljrf/wf/f af]Sg] 

cfd lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?n], k]zfut 

;'/Iff, xs, lxt, dof{bf / ljsf;sf 

nflu sfsL{ g]t[Tjsf] KofgnnfO{ cTolws 

dt lbP/ ljhoL u/fpg'x'g]5 . /, ljhoL 

u/fpg klg cfXjfg ub{5' . 

cu|]hL efiff /fd|/L a'em\g] 

gePsf sf/0f kl5 ToxfF 

n]lvPsf] ;t{ ga'emL ;Demf}tf 

ubf{ kl5 ;d:of b]lvPsf] 

5. o;sf] s'/fnfO{ ;dfwfg 

ug{ klg d}n] pDd]bjf/L 

lbPsf] 5' . cGtdfM ;Dk"0f{ 


KofgnnfO{ dtbfg ul/ 

cToflws ax'dtsf;fy 

ljhoL u/fO{lbg'x'g o;} 

;+rf/ dfWoddfkm{t xflb{s 

xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5' . 

xfdLnfO{ laho u/fpg' eg]sf] 

Joj;foLs} ljho xf] . 

lgdf{0f Joj;foL / ;/sf/sf] lardf 

k'nsf] sfd ug]{5' 

euL/y ltldlN;gf 

dxf;lrj 

# g+= k|b]z, lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3 

;'vL g]kfnL, ;d[4 g]kfn, lgdf{0f ug{ lgdf{0f 

Joj;fodfb]vf k/]sf ljs[lt / lj;+ultx?sf] cGTo 

ug{ cfd lgdf{0f Joj;foL / ;/sf/sf] lardf /xL 

k'nsf] sfd ug{ jfO=8L sfsL{ -oIfWjh sfsL{_ 

nfO{ g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3sf] cWoIf 

kbdf lgjf{lrt ug{ ' kb{5 . xfdLnfO{ lgjf{lrt 

ug'{eof] eg] xfdL ;w} Joj;foLsf] xs clwsf/ / 

;+/If0fsf nflu g} tof/ x'g]5f}+ . 

lzjk|;fb rf}nfufO{, 

;x;+of]hs, g]kfn lgdf{0f 

Joj;foL ;+u7g 

o; If]qdf Joj;flos xslxt g} 

;a} eGbf dxTjk'0f{ kf6f] xf] . 

xfdL k|ultlzn Joj;foLx?sf] 

lht ;'lglZrt 5 . afdkGyL 

Joj;foLx?sf] lhtsf] nflu 

xfdL lbg/ft nflu k/]sf 5f}+ . 

;+u7gn] lbPsf] lhDd]jf/LnfO{ 

cgj/t?kdf k|of;ul/ xfd|f] 

;+u7gsf] ;Dk"0f{ pDd]b\jf/x?nfO{ 

ljhoL u/fpg xfdL nfluk/]sf 

5f} . Jofj;foLs If]qdf clxn]sf] 

^) k|ltzt ah]6sf] sfd xfdL 

;fgf Joj;foLx?n] ul//x]sf 

5f}+ . 7'nf Joj;foLx?n] ;fgf] 

/sddf 7]Ssf lng] t/ sfd /fd|f] 

gug]{ sf/0fn] xfdLx?n] ;d:of 

em]Ng' kl//x]sf] 5 o;af6 xfdL 

;a}sf] abgfd ePsf] 5 . o;sf] 

nflu xfd|f] ;d'xn] lht] kl5 ;a} 

Joj;foLsf] lxtdf sfd ul/g] 

5 . ;a}sf] ;dfg xs clwsf/sf] 

nflu nflu kg]{ 5f}+ . xfdLn] 

lht] kl5 ;fj{hlgs vl/b 

P]g, lgltut ;'wf/ / kmf}hbf/L 

P]gx?df ;'wf/ ul/g] 5 . xfd|f] 

;+u7gn] lgltut ?kdf / 

Jojxfl/s ?kdf k|ltlgwL d'ns 

?kdf pDd]2af/x? p7fPsf 

5f}+ . To; sf/0f klg xfd|f] 

lht ;'lglZrt 5 . cGtdfM 

;Dk"0f{ Jofj;foLHo"x?nfO{ xfd|f] 

k|ultlzn KofgnnfO{ dtbfgul/ 

cTolws ax'dtsf;fy 

ljhoL u/fO{lbg'x'g o;} ;+rf/ 


cg'/f]w ub{5' . 

;'/]Gb| kf7s 

g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL ;+u7g 

s]Gb|Lo ;lrjfno ;b:o 

clxn] b]zsf] ^) k|ltzt ah]6 vr{ ug]{ lgdf{0f pBf]u g} w/fzfoL 

ePsf] cj:yf 5 . sof}F sDkgLx¿ sfnf] ;"rLdf k/]sf 5g\ . s]xL 

sDkgLx¿ 6f6 klN6Psf 5g\ . g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3sf] 

cl3Nnf] g]t[Tjn] s]xL ;Lldt JolQmnfO{ dfq nfe x'g] txdf sfd 

sf/afxL cuf8L a9fpFbf b]z e/sf ;Dk"0f{ Joj;foLx¿ nueu 

tx;gx;sf] cj:yfdf k'lu;s]sf] 5 . oxL qmd /lx/xg] xf] eg] 

lgs6 eljiodf clxn]sf] P]gsf] Joj:yf cg';f/ b]ze/sf 7'nf tyf 

;fgf ;Dk"0f{ Joj;foLx¿ h]ndf /xg] s'/f lglZrt 5 . 

ca o; dxf;+3 Joj;foLx¿sf] kIfdf bx|f] ¿kdf pleP/ 

Joj;foLx¿sf] a[xQ/ lxtsf] nflu cfjfh a'nGb kfg{'kg]{ cfjZostf 

5 . o; lgdf{0f pBf]unfO{ ;j{>]i7 agfpg P]g sfg'gdf cfjZos 

kl/dfh{g u/L sfof{Gjog ug]{ txdf k'{ofpg ;Sg] g]t[Tjsf] o; 

dxf;+3nfO{ vfFrf] /x]sf] x'Fbf To;sf] nflu pko'Qm pDd]bjf/ oIfWjh 

sfsL{ g} /x]sf]n] pxfFsf] KofgnnfO{ lhtfpg' kg]{ cfjZostf /x]sf] 

b]Vb5' . g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3 unt g]t[Tjsf] xftdf kbf{ 

dxf;+3sf] lxt t x'Fb}g x'Fb}g, Joj;foLx¿sf] kIfdf sfd ug{ ;d]t 

g;Sg] s'/f kSsf 5 . To;}n] kl5 k5'tfpg' eGbf jt{dfgdf g} ;f]r]/ 

lg0f{o ug{ ;Dk"0f{ k|ltlglw ldqx¿df xflb{s clkn ub{5' . 

lai0f' a'9fyf]sL, P;f]l;o6 

pkfWoIf kb\sf pDd]bjf/ 

d lg/Gt/ Joj;foLs xslxtsf] 

nflu nfUg] 5' . xfdL u'6aGbL 

eGbf klg Jofj;foLx?sf] 

;'/Iffsf] Uof/]G6L ug]{ nflukg]{ 

5f}+ . xfd|f] ;+:yf g} Joj;foLs 

xslxtsf] nflu :yfkgf ePsf] 

x'Fbf xfdLn] klg ;fgf 7'nf ;a} 

Joj;foLx?sf] ;'/Iffdf hf]8 

lbPsf 5f}+ . ;To / /fd|f] sfd 

ug]{ ;d'xsf] laho ;'lglZrt 

odaxfb'/ la=;L= 


k|b]z g+ ^ 

d lgjf{lrt eP kl5 ;a} eGbf 

klxnf] laifo eg]sf] u'0f:t/Lo / 

e/kbf]{ lgdf{0f ;Dkfbg g} xf] . 

g]kfn ;+l3o ?kdf lasf; x'Fbf 

klg eg] h:tf] ul/ clxn] ;Dd 

xfd|f] kxF'r ;a} 7fpFdf gk'Ug'hlt 

b'Mvt s'/f c? s] x'g;S5 < ^ g+ 

k|b]zdf lgdf{0f ;fdu|L cefjn] 

klg lgdf{0fdf ;d:of cfPsf] 5 

5 . xfdL ;a} hgf ldn]/ sfd 

ug'{ k5{ . ;a}sf] ;+/If0f x'g' k5{ . 

sf6]{lnª, Psflwsf/ / cJol:yt 

tl/sfn] cuf8L cfPsf ljs[lt 

lj;+ultnfO{ Joj:yLt tl/sfn] 

ldnfpg xfd|f] e/k'/ k|of; 

/xg] 5 . lgdf{0f Joj;fodf 

;a} hgf Psh'6 eP/ ;a}nfO{ 

k/]sf ;d:ofx? ;dfwfg ug]{ 

5f}+ . ;a} Joj;foL Ps ePdf 

;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ;xh x'g'sf 

;fy} xfdL ;a} Joj;foLx?sf] 

enf] x'g]5 . 

xfd|f] ;d"xsf] k|ltj4tf 

lgjf{rg lhTgdfq geO{ 

;a}vfn] Jofj;foLx?sf] xs, 

xLt / clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f 

ub}{ bL3{sfnLg ;do;Dd of] 

Jofj;fonfO{ hLjGt /fVg] 

c7f]6 /xg] 5 . cGtdfM ;Dk"0f{ 


KofgnnfO{ dtbfgul/ cTolws 

ax'dtsf;fy ljhoL u/fO{lbg'x'g 

o;} ;+rf/ dfWoddfkm{t xflb{s 


o;nfO{ klg a[xt ?kdf la:t[t 

cWoog ul/ Joj;foLsf ljleGg 

;d:ofx? ;dfwfg ug]{ sfo{df 

d]/f] k|of; /xg] 5 . pQm If]qdf 

;8s lah'nL h:tf cfwf/e't 

s'/fx?sf] /fd|f] lasf; ePdf 

pQm If]qdf pknAw hl8a'6Lx? 

;+sng ul/ k|;f]wg ug]{ / pBf]u 

;+rfng ug{ ;lsG5 . xfd|f] 

If]qnfO{ ah]6 klg cToGt} 

Go"g ?kdf lat/0f ug]{ 

ul/Psf] 5 . ;f] laifodf klg 

d cfjfh p7fg ug]{5' . ;fgf 

Joj;foLx?nfO{ ;d:ofdf 

kf/]/ 7'nfn] sfd lnP klg sfd 

cw'/f] /fVg] k|a[tL 5 To;nfO{ 

d lg:t]h kfg]{ 5' . cGtdfM 

;Dk"0f{ Jofj;foLHo"x?nfO{ 

xfd|f] KofgnnfO{ dtbfgul/ 

cTolws ax'dtsf;fy ljhoL 



cg'/f]w ub{5' .

@)&% c;f]h ^ ut], zlgjf/ 



sf=lh=k|=sf=b=g+= @*)÷)^$÷)^% 

d=If]=x'=lg=b=g+= )#÷)&)÷&! 

o;sf/0f sfsL{ KofgnnfO{ dtbfg=== 

nId0f /fgf, jl/i7 pkfWoIf 

kbsf pDd]bjf/ 

k|aGw lgb]{zs, ah|u'? 

sG:6«S;g sDkgL k|f=ln= 

d]/f] pDd]bjf/ ;fgf tyf demf} 

nf Joj;fosf xs lxtsf] 

nflu x'g]5 . 7"nf Jofj;fosf] 

sf6]lnªsf] sf/0f ;fgf tyf 

demf}nf lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] sfd 

kfpg] ;Defjgf sd 5 . d]/f] 

ljhokZrft\ ;a} Jofj;foLx?n] 

sfd kfpg] cj;/ ;[hgf 

ug]{ 5' . d && lhNnfdf g} 

e|d0f u/L ;fgf tyf demf}nf 

Jofj;foLx?nfO{ ;dfg?kdf 

sfd ug]{ jftfj/0f ;[hgf ug]{ 

5' . !)) s/f]8sf] nfut / ! 

uf}/Lk|;fb pk|]tL 

sf]iffWoIf kbsf pDd]bjf/ 

k|aGw lgb]{zs, d[t;~hLagL 

lgdf{0f ;]jf 

d ;d[4 g]kfn / ;'vL g]kfnL 

eGg] d'n dGqnfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ 

sfd ug]{ 5' . Joj;foL ;+u7gsf] 

;f+u7lgs sfdx? Jojl:yt ug]{ 

5' . o;sfnflu lgjf{lrt ePsf] 

Ps dlxgfleqdf ;f+u7lgs 

ultljlwnfO{ ;lqmo?kdf 

cuf9L a9fO{ && j6} lhNnfdf 

;+u7g dha'b agfpg k|of; 

ug]{ 5' . lgdf{0f If]qdf sfd 

/ldnf nfdf, k|b]z g+ # 

pkfWoIfsf pDd]bjf/ 

o; If]qdf dlxnf Joj;foLx?sf] 

;+nUgtf Psbd} sd 

/x]sf] s'/f ;j{ljlbt} 5 . dlxnf 

Joj;foLx?sf] cfjfhnfO{ d 

lgjf{lrt ePkl5 hf]bf/8f/ ?kdf 

p7fg ub}{ dlxnf xslxtsf] 

laifodf d sfd ug]{5' . dlxnf 

Jofj;foLx?nfO{ k'?if Jofj;foL 

;/x sfd ug]{ jftfj/0f ;[h{gf 

ug]{ d]/f] k|ltj4tf /x]sf] 5 . 7'nf] 

;+Vofdf k'?if Jofj;foLx?sf] 

eL8df hDdf @$@ hgf dlxnf 

6f]kaxfb'/ /fodfemL, pkfWoIf 

kb\sf pDd]bjf/, k|b]z g+ % 

g]kfndf lgdf{0f Jofj;foLx?sf] 

dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg x'bfF x'Fb} 

klg /fHon] o;sf] dxTjnfO{ 

gh/cGbfh ul//x]sf] 5 . ;Dk"0f{ 

Jofj;foLx?sf] 5ftf ;+u7g 

dxf;+3sf] pkfWoIfdf lgjf{lrt 

ePkZrft d]/f] ;Dk"0f{ ;do 

o; If]qsf] Jofj;foxLx?sf] 

xslxt / Jofj;foLs 

;'lglZrttfsfnflu e/dhb'/ 

k|of; ug]{ 5' . sfg"gL k|fjwfgn] 

ubf{ xfdLn] w]/} ;d:ofx? 

s/f]8 nfut ePsf] cfof]hgf 

klg Pp6} 7"nf sDkgLn] 7]Ssf 

cf]u6\g] / ;fgf Jofj;foLx?n] 

cj;/ g} gkfpg] sf/0fn] ;fgf 

tyf demf}nf Joj;foLx? df/df 

k/]sf 5g\ . o; ljifodf d 

dxf;+3df lgjf{lrt ePkl5 

;/sf/ ;dIf juL{s/0fsf] nflu 

cg'/f]w u/L ;a}nfO{ sfd kfpg] 

cj;/ l;h{gf ug{ d]/f] k|lta4tf 

/xg] 5 . o;sf ;fy} ;/sf/n] 

ebf} ! ut]af6 hf/L u/]sf] d'n'sL 

P]gdf lgdf{0f Jofj;foLnfO{ 

ck/fwLsf] ?kdf x]g]{ul/ lgdf{0f 

ePsf] P]gnfO{ kl/dfh{g ug{ 

e/dhb'/ k|of; ug]{5' . ;fgf 

tyf dem\of}nf Joj;foLsf] g]t[Tj 

u/]/ d'n'sL P]gsf] ;+;f]wg ug{ 

1fkgkq k]z ug]{b]lv ;DjlGwt 

lgsfodf 8]nLs];g hfg] sfd 

;d]t ug]{ 5' . sfnf] ;'rLdf 

/ h]n xfNg] ;/sf/L lg0f{o 

c;fGble{s ePsf]n] of] x6fpg' 

kg]{ 5 / lgdf{0f sfo{df ePsf 

l9nfO{x?nfO{ Go"lgs/0f ug]{ 5' . 

;a} lhNnfsf ;fgf Jo;foLx?nfO{ 

klg Jofj;fosf] jftfj/0f 

agfpg] 5' . 

u/]sf Joj;foLx?sf] eljiosf] 

;'lglZrttfsf] nflu xfdLn] 

Jojl:yt ug]{ 5f}+ . o;df 

7'nf 3/fgfsf Jofj;foLx?n] 

;fgf Jofj;foLx?n] ug{ kfpg] 

sfd ;d]t lnO{ k'gM ;fgf 

Joj;foLx?nfO{ g} sfd u/fpg] 

k|j[lQsf] cGTo ug]{ 5' . ;a} eGbf 

dxTjk'0f{ laifo d lgdf{0f If]qsf] 

Joj;foL ePsf] gftfn] ;a} 

If]qdf /x]sf ;d:ofx? ;dfwfg 

ug]{ / sf]ifnfO{ Joj:yLt 

tl/sfn] alnof] agfpg] sfd 

ul/g] 5 . o;df laleGg Snf;sf 

7]s]bf/x? 5g\ . lt ;a}sf] 

;Ddfg hgs ?kdf Joj:yfkg 

ul/g] 5 . :yfgLo :t/df /x]sf 

Jofj;foLx?sf] ;+/If0fdf ;a} 

k|sf/sf k|of;x? ug]{ 5' . 

cGtdfM ;Dk"0f{ Jofj;foLHo"x?nfO{ 


cTolws ax'dtsf;fy 

ljhoL u/fO{lbg'x'g o;} ;+rf/ 


cg'/f]w ub{5' . 

Jofj;foLx? dfq of] If]qsf 

cfj4 ePsf 5g\ . t/ oL dWo] 

clwsf+z dlxnf ;lqmo ?kdf 

cuf8L cfpg ;s]sf 5}gg . /, 

hlt ;lqmo 5g\ tL klg g]t[Tj 

bfoL e'ldsfdf 5}gg\ . To;}n] 

d]/f] pDd]bjf/L o; If]qdf ePsf 

dlxnfsf] xs lxt / ;'/Iffsf] 

;'lglZrttfsf] nflu xf] . To;} 

n], cjsf] g]t[Tj dlxnfn] ug{ 

;S5g\ eGg] pbfx/0fsf] nflu 

klg d]/f] pDd]bjf/L xf] . o;} 

sf ;fy} dxf;+3sf] dlxnf 

pkfWoIf, sf]iffWoIf nufotsf] 

sf]6f lgwf{/t ug{ klg d 

ljhoL x'g' cfjZos 5 . ;fgf 

Joj;foLsf] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] 

nflu, k|b]z g+ # sf] ;d:of 

;dfwfgsf] nflu klg d]/f] 

g]t[Tj lbPsf] 5' . cGtdfM 






ef]Ug' k/]sf] 5 . /fHonfO{ 

xfdL Jofj;foLx?n] w]/} 

;xof]u ul//x]sf 5f}+ t/ klg 

/fHon] xfd|f] ;xL d'Nofªsg 

eg] ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . :yfgLo 

pkef]Qmf ;ldlt / ;a} eGbf 

sd bfddf lal8ª ug]{ h:tf 

k|a[tLn] ;d:of ;[hgf ePsf] 

5 . o:tf k|a[tLx? aGb ug{ 

d]/f] k|of; /xg] 5 . pkef]Qmf 

;ldltx? tyf cGo sf/0fn] 

ubf{ klg Joj;foLx?n] ;d:of 

em]Ng' k/]sf] cj:yf 5 . laut 

#) jif{ b]lv d}n] of] If]qdf 

sfd ul//x]sf] 5' . xfdL ;fgf 

Joj;foLx?n] olt w]/} sfd 

ul//xFbf klg xfd|f] d'Nofªsg 

/fd|f];+u ePsf] 5}g o; ljifodf 

Jofj;foLs xslxtsf]nflu 

h'g;'s} d'No r'sfpg klg d 

kl5kg]{ 5}g . cGtdfM ;Dk"0f{ 






/f]zg bfxfn, dxf;lrj 

kbsf pDd]bjf/ 

d]/f] pDd]b\jf/L ;fgf tyf 

demf}nf Joj;foLsf] xs lxtsf] 

nflu xf] . d ljut nfdf] 

;dob]lv oxL k]zfsf] xs 

lxtsf] nflu nl8/x]sf] 5' . d 

lj;+ @)$* ;fnb]lv lgdf{0f 

Joj;foL;Fu cfa4 ePsf] 5' 

. d pkTosf lgdf{0f Joj;foL 

;+3sf] ;+:yfks ;lrj eP/ 

o; If]qsf] xs lxt / ;+/If0fsf] 

nflu k/]sf] lyP . To:t}, g]kfn 

lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3sf] 

;xsf]iffWoIf, sf]iffWoIf eP/ 

sfd ul//x]sf] 5' . d u 

ju{sf] lgdf{0f Joj;foL ePsf 

sf/0f klg ;fgf Joj;foLsf] 

kL/ dsf{ /fd|/L a'em]sf] 5' . 

oL ju{sf] lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] 

;d:of ;dfwfgsf] nflu cfkm\ 

gf] cffjfh a'nGb ug{ klg 

dxf;lrj kbsf] pDd]bjf/L 

lbPsf] x'F . lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] 

xs lxt, ;'/Iff tyf k|a{4gsf] 

nflu P]g gLlt, lgod agfpg' 

cfaZos 5 . To:t}, d'n'sL P]g 

@)&$ / v/Lb Pg] ;+zf]wg 

ug'{ cfjZos 5 . of] ;+zf]wg 

geO{ ;fgf lgdf{0f Joj;fosf] 

/f]hL /f]6L x'g ;Sb}g\ . To:t}, 

;/sf/n] ;fgf ;fgf cfof]hgf 

hf]8]/ Kofs]hdf cfof]hgf lbFbf 

7"nf Joj;fonfO{ t kmfObf g} 

x'G5 t/ ;fgf Joj;fo dsf{df 

k/]sf 5g\ . o:t}, ! s/f]8sf] 

sfd ug{ %) nfv sf] a}Fs 

Uof/]G6L eP k'Ug] Joj:yf ug'{ 

k5{ . o:t}, 

lgdf{0f 

J o j ; f o L n ] 

Ps rf]6Ldf 

tLg cf]6f 

eGbf a9L 

cfof]hgfsf] 

7]Ssf ljt/0f 

aGb ug{ klg 

d}n]dxf;lrjsf] 

n f l u 

pDd]bjf/ 

lbPsf] x'F . 

o;f] eof] eg] 

;a} Joj;fon] 

sfd kfpg] 

5g\ . o:t}, 

; / s f / n ] 

7]Ssf lbFbf ;a}s'/f ;N6fP/ lbFbf 

/fd|f] x'G5 . h:t}, af6f] agfpg] 

7]Ssf lbg] af6f]df kg]{ 6]lnkmf]g, 

ljB'tsf] kf]n Jojl:yt ug]{, 

9n lgdf{0f ug]{, af6f]df kg]{ 3/ 

hUufsf] d'cfAhf lbg] tyf 3/ 

eTsfpg] u/\of] eg] 7]s]bf/n] 

klg ;dodf sfd ug]{ ;S5g\ / 

sf/jfxL cf/f]k nufpg] ca:yf 

l;h{gf x'Fb}g\ . 

o:t}, d}n] dxf;lrjsf] kbdf 

ljhoL ePdf dxf;+3sf] 

yfgsf]6df /x]sf] hUufdf 

d]6]l/on 6]li6ª Nofj lgdf{0f 

ug]{5' . o:t}, g]kfnsf] & cf]6} 

k|b]zdf klg d]6]l/on 6]li6ª 

Nofj lgdf{0fsf] nflu of]hgf 

cufl8 a9fpg]5' . o:t}, k|To]s 

lhNnfdf tflndsf] Joj:yf 

ug]{5' . /fhgLlts ?kdf lgdf{0f 

Joj;foLnfO{ s'g} klg k|>o 

x'g] u/]sf] 5}g\ . ef]6 xfNgsf] 

nflu jLk hf/L ug]{ sfd 

lbgsf] nflu s]xL klg k|oTg 

gug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/, 

/fhgLlts bn of] k]zf k|lt 

slxNo} klg OdfGbf/ b]lvPsf] 

5 . ;/sf/nfO{ emsemsfpgsf] 

nflu klg cfjfh a'nGb kfg{sf] 

nflu d]/f] dxf;lrjsf] kbsf] 

pDd]bjf/L cfjZos 5 . cGtdfM 

;Dk"0f{ Jofj;foLHo"x?nfO{ 


cTolws ax'dtsf;fy ljhoL 



cg'/f]w ub{5' . 

6+sk|;fb rf}nfufO{, 

gLltut pk–dxf;lrj 

kbsf pDd]bjf/ 

-k|aGw lgb]{zs, w'lnv]n lgdf{0f 

;]jf k|fOe]6 lnld6]8_ 

dxf;+3sf] of]hgf tyf o;sf] 

nIo tyf p2]Zo k|fKtLsf] 

nflu gLlt tyf lgod agfpg 

cfjZos 5 . cfGtl/s 

?kdf xfdL Jofj;foLx?n] 

klg cfTdfg'zf;gsf] lglDt 

Jofj;flos cfrf/;+lxtfleq /xL 

gd/fh v8|sf, ;x–sf]iffWoIf 

;+rfns, bnrf]sL lgdf{0f ;]jf 

k|fOe]6 lnld6]8 

d / d]/f] ;d"xn] Joj;foLs xs 

lxtsf] nflu sfd ug]{ k|ltj4tf 

hfx]/ ub{5' . lgjf{rgsf] ;dodf 

dfq geO{ ;bfjxf/?kdf 

lg/Gt/ of] Ifqsf] ljsf; / 

pHjn eljiosf]lglDt of]hgfj4 

tl/sfn] cufl8 al9g] 5 . 

cu|h Jofj;foLx?sf] ;'emfj 

;Nnfx / ;xof]u lnO{ o'jf 

k':tfn] of] dxf;+3sf] g]t[Tj 

u/]/ cuf8L hfg' k5{ . of] 

k|utLlzn Joj;foLx?sf] ;d'x 

ePsf]n] xfdLn] sfd klg ;f]xL 

cfwf/df u5f}+{ . j}rfl/s lx;fjn] 

sfd ug'{kg]{ 5 . sfg'gsf] 

ljBfyL{ ePsfn] klg d 

gLlt tyf lgod agfpgsf] 

nflu ;Ifd 5' h:tf] nfU5 

o;} sf/0fn] ubf{ lgdf{0f 

Jofj;foL dxf;+3df 

gLltut ;'wf/sf] nflu 

d]/f] pDd]b\jf/L /x]sf] 5 

. To;}n] d}n] gLltut pk 

dxf;lrjsf] nflu pDd]bjf/L 

lbPsf] x'F . To:t} d}n] ;a} 

df sfdsf] ;/n / ;xh 

kx'Frsf] nflu klg pDd]bjf/ 

lbPsf] x'F . ;a} Joj;foLn] 

sfd ug{ kfpg] / Joj;fo ug{ 

kfpg] Joj:yf ug]{5' . g]kfnsf 

sd{rf/Lx?, /fhlglts bnx? 

;a}n] cf–cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L k'/f 

ug]{ xf] eg] klg lgdf{0f If]qsf] 

sfd ;xh x'g] 5 . cGtdfM 






xfld;Fu glhs kfl6{n] 

;/sf/ g]t[Tj ul//x]sf] 

cj:yfdf o; Joj;fodf 

;+nUg Jofj;foLx?sf] 

xs lxt / ;'/Iffsf] lglDt 

P]g lgod ;+;f]wg Pj+ 

kl/dfh{gsf]nflu ;d]t d]/f] 

j[xQ/ kxn /xg] 5 . 7'nf 

Joj;foLx?n] sfd lng] / 

;fgf Joj;foLx?n] ;f]xL 

sfd ljgd| cg'/f]w u/L 

lng] / k'/f ug]{ k|rng 5 

To;nfO{ xfdL, sfdug]{s} 

clwsf/ :yfkLt ug]{ul/ 

Joj:yLt ug]{ 5f} . dxf;+3sf] 

sf]ifsf] cj:yf bolgo 5 To;nfO{ 

Jojl:yt / j}1flgs tl/sfn] 

Joj:yfkg ug]{5' . Joj;foL 

leqsf] sf6]{lnª / Psflwsf/ 

vf/]h u/L Ps Joj;foL Ps 

sfdsf] Joj:yf ug]{5' . :ki6 / 

kf/bzL{ tl/sfn] xfdL sfd u5f}+ 

. ;a} Joj;foLx?sf] ladfsf] 

Joj:yf ul/lbG5f}+ . cw'/f / 

nfdf] ;do ;Dd afFsL /x]sf 

sfdx? k'/f u5f}+{ . cGtdfM 






xl/k|;fb 9sfn, 

cfGtl/s pk–dxf;lrj 

kbsf pDd]bjf/ 

d]/f] pDd]bjf/L eg]sf] ;fgf] 

Joj;foLsf] xs lxt, ;'/Iff / 

k|a{4gsf] nflu xf] . g]kfndf 

;fgf tyf demf}nf Jofj;foLx? 

7'nf Jofj;foLx?sf sf/n] 

knfog x'g'k/]sf] b'Mvb 

jfWotfx?nfO{ d cfTd;ft ub}{ 

Go"lgs/0fsf]nflu cTolws k|of; 

ug]{ 5' . b]zsf] ;+j[l4sf] nflu 

lgdf{0f Joj;fodf ;fgf tyf 

lr/GhLlj kf]v/]n, 


-u08sL k|b]z_ 

k|aGw lgb]{zs, cGgk"0f{ 

sG:6«S;g k|fln 

xfdL ;fgf tyf demf}nf 

Joj;foLsf] k|ltlgwTj ub}{ 5f}+ 

. Joj;fodf xfdL Jofj;foLleq 

klg unt dg;fo /fv]/ 

Joj;fo ug]{x? klg w]/} 5g\, 

o;sf] k|efj ;a}eGbf a9L ;fgf 

tyf demf}nf Jofj;foLx?nfO{ g} 

k/]sf] 5 . ;fgf Joj;foLx?nfO{ 

hg;jfn klAns]zg k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt, sfof{noM b/af/dfu{, sf7df8f}+, kmf]g÷k\mofS;M )!–$@^%^(&÷$@@!*$(, d'b|sM PS;k|]; sn/ k|]; k|f=ln=, E-mail: janasawalnews@gmail.com, cWoIf÷;DkfbsM /fdhL aufn] 

demf}nf Joj;fosf] ;+nUg 

x'g' cTofjZos /x]sf] 5 

. To:t}, 7"nf Joj;foLsf] 

sf6]{lnª / Psflwsf/ 

/f]Sg klg d]/f] Kofgnsf] 

pDd]bjf/L cfjZos 

ePsfn] d}n] pDd]bjf/L 

lbPsf] x'F . o;sf] ;fy} d 

ljhoL ePdf $ b]lv % 

s/f]8 ;Ddsf] sfd lhNnf 

:t/Lo lgdf{0f sDkgLn] 

kfpg'kg]{ gLltut lgod 

agfpgsf] nflu e/k'/ kxn 

ug]{5' . lgdf{0f If]qdf 7'nf 

Joj;foLx?n] dfq 7]Ssf k6\6f 

kfpg] k|rngnfO{ cGTo u/L ;fgf 

tyf demf}nf Jofj;foLx?sf] 

;d]t k|ToIf ;xeflutf x'g] 

u/L :yfgLo Jofj;foLx?nfO{ 

;/n / ;xh?kdf Joj;fo ug{ 

kfpg] Joj:yf ug]{ 5' . cGtdfM 






lgltut ;d:of 

pN6} emg ;d:ofdf 

kf/]sf 5g . o:tf] 

cj:yfdf k|b]zdf 

/x]sf Joj;foLx?sf] 

;'/Iffsf] nflu 

sfd ug]{5' . /fHo 

;+l3o ;+/rgfdf 

uO{ ;s]sf] x'Fbf 

xfdL Joj;folx? 

klg ;f]xL ;+/ 

rgfdf hfg'kb{5 . 

Joj;foLx?sf cg]s 

k|sf/sf ;d:ofx? 

5g\ . 

To:tf k|sf/ 

sf ;d:ofx? 

;dfwfgsf] nflu xfdL b}lgs 

?kdf nflu kg]{ 5f}+ . ;a} eGbf 

dxTjk'0f{ s'/f eg]sf] Joj;foLsf] 

;'/Iff g} xf] . ;a} Joj;foLx?nfO{ 

;dfg ?kdf sfdsf] cj;/ 

k|bfg ug]{ / ;dfgtfsf] laifodf 

xfd|f] hf]8 /xg] 5 . cGtdfM 





xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5' .




& 

æk]zfut xs lxt, ;dfg cj;/, ;jn g]t[Tj, ;d[4 g]kfnÆ 

g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3sf] @)cf}+ 

;fwf/0f ;ef sfo{ ;ldlt lgjf{rgsf nflu 

oIfWjh sfsL{ -Y.D. Karki_ ;d"xsf] 

k|lta4tf kq 

k[i7e"ld 

cfb/0fLo lgdf{0f Joj;foL ldqx? 

xflb{s gd:sf/ ¤ 

g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3sf] 

;+:yfks ;b:o eO{ :yfkgf sfnb]lv g} 

dxf;+3 Pj+ Joj;foLx?sf] xs lxt / 

u/Ldfsf nflu lg/Gt/ nflu k/]sf >L 

oIfWjh sfsL{ g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL 

dxf;+3sf] d'w{Go JolQmTj ePsf] Joxf]/f 

cjut} 5 . jt{dfg kl/j];df lgdf{0f 

Joj;foLk|lt ;/sf/L lgsfo gful/s 

;dfh nufot ;+k"0f{ If]qaf6 abgfd / 

gs/fTds ;f]r eO{ ;dfhdf :yflkt 

x'g sl7gfO{ eO{/x]sf] ;Gb{edf o; 

Joj;fo / Joj;fok|lt g}lts ;+s6df 

km:g' k/]sf] 5 . o;sf] pbfx/0f xfdLn] 

;+:yfsf] cWoIfnfO{ ;d]t u'dfpg k'u]sf 

5f}+ . o:tf] kl/l:yltdf dxf;+3sf] @) cf}+ 

;fwf/0f ;ef Pj+ !! cf}+ cl3j];gaf6 

gofF g]t[Tj rog ug'{kg]{ ePsf] x'Fbf 

;Dk"0f{ ju{sf lgdf{0f Joj;fox?n] :jLsf/ 

ug{;Sg] ;/n :jefjsf ;xof]uL efjgf 

P]g, lgod, gLlt, of]hgfnfO{ a'em\g ;Sg] 

;sf/fTds kl/dfh{gsf] lglDt ;/sf/L 

Pj+ u}/ ;/sf/L lgsfodf lg/Gt/ nflu 

kg{;Sg] ;femf pDd]bjf/sf] ?kdf >L 

oIfWjh sfsL{ nfO{ cTolws ax'dtn] 

laho u/fO{ lbg' x'g xflb{s cg'/f]w Pj+ 

clkn ub{5f}+ . 

oIfWjh sfsL{nfO{ cTolws 

ax'dtn] ljho u/fpg xfdL xflb{s 

clkn klg ub{5f}+ . 

k|lta4tfx? 

-s_ gLltut ;jfnaf/] M 

!_ pkef]Qmf ;ldltaf6 ul/g] 

sfd÷of]hgfx? lg?T;flxt ug{ 

kxn ug]{ . 

@_ 

ljgf Sjflnlkms]zgsf] ? @ s/f]8 

jf6 j[lå ug{ kxn ug]{ / oL 

af]nkqx?df OhLkL 

-Olal8ªsf]_ k|fjwfg x6fpg] . 

#_ ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g / lgodfjnLdf 

ePsf cJojxfl/s / cldNbf 

k|fjwfgnfO{ ;+zf]wg u/fpg] . 

!%% eGbf a9L 36L af]nkqdf yk 

w/f}6Lsf] Joj:yfnfO{ vf/]h ug{ 

;/sf/ ;dIf kxn ug]{ . 

%_ ;fj{hlgs lgdf{0f k'l:tsf Standard 

Bidding Document (SBD) / 

Standard Prequalification 

Document (SPD) df 

ePsf] qmfO6]l/ofx?, 6g{ cf]e/, 

;l6{lkms]6x?nfO{ sd ug]{ / Key 

production rate x6fpg kxn 

ug]{ . 

^_ lgdf{0f Joj;foL P]g @)%% / 

lgodfjnL @)%^ nfO{ ;+zf]wg u/L 

Joj;foLsf] ;+/If0f Pj+d ;Da4{g 

ug{ ;/sf/ ;dIf kxn ug]{ . …sÚ, 

…vÚ …uÚ …3Ú ju{sf] l;df a9fO{ ju{ 

sfod ug]{ . …3Ú ju{sf] Ohfht kq 

k|bfg ug{ / gljs/0f ug]{ Joj:yf 

cWoIf kbsf pDd]bjf/ 

oIfWjh sfsL{sf] kl/ro 

gfdM oIfWjh sfsL{ (Y.D. Karki) 

lzIff M k|df0fkq tx -l8Knf]df, l;len OlGhlgol/ª_ lq=lj=lj= . 

M la=P= -cy{zf:q /fhgLlt zf:q_ lq=lj=lj=. 

M Pd=P= -cGt/f{li6«o /fhgLlt zf:q,cWoog_ . 

M l8=lk=P= -cWoog_, la=Pn= -cWoog_ . 

M P=Pd=cfO{=O{= -:gfts tx, l;len OlGhlgol/ª cWoog_ . 

hGd:yfg M ;flas vf/] uf=lj=; j8f g+–@ bf]nvf, xfn uf}/Lz+s/ ufpFkflnsf–* 

vf/] bf]nvf . 

hGd ldlt M @)!@.)(.@) 

g]t[Tj cg'ej 

k"j{ ;lrj M -@)$&–@)$(,@)$(–@)%! b'O{ k6s_,g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL 

dxf;+3 . 

k"j{ dxf;lrj M -@)%!–@)%$_, g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3 . 

k"j{ k|yd pkfWoIf M -@)%^–@)%(_, g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3 . 

k"j{ ;Nnfxfsf/ M -@)%$–@)%^_, g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3 . 

k"j{ cWoIf M -@)^%–@)^*_, g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3 . 

;Nnfxfsf/ M g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3 . 

Joj;foLs lxtsf nflu k|fKt pknAwLx? M 

!= lk58LPsf] If]q, dw]z, hghflt, ljsf; If]q -xfn k|b]z_,lhNnfsf] k|ltlglwTj 

x'g]u/L g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3sf] ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf] nflu dxTjk"0f{ 

e"ldsf v]n]sf] . 

@= k|rlnt af]nkqdf ePsf] k|fjwfgnfO{ lgDgfg';f/sf] ;/nLs/0f ug{ ;kmntf 

k|fKt u/]sf] M 

s_ 6g{cf]e/ @=% u'0ffaf6 !=% u'0ff dfq sfod ePsf] . 

v_ ;]d g]r/ ;l6{lkms]6 !))%af6 *)% df sfod ePsf] . 

u_ ;]d g]r/ ;l6{lkms]6 # j6f rflxg]df ! j6f eP k'Ug] u/L sfod 

ePsf] . 

#= lgdf{0f lbj; dgfpg] / fcan cjf8{sf] ;'?jft u/]sf] . 

$= Ola8 ;DaGwL tflnd u/fpg ;'? u/fPsf] . 

%= lhNnf -tTsfnLg If]q_ k|b]zx?df sfof{no Joj:yfkgsf] nflu sDKo'6/ ;]6 

pknAwu/fpg ;'?jft u/]sf] . 

^= lhNnf lgdf{0f Joj;foL ;+3x?sf] ejg lgdf{0fsf] nflu cg'bfg lbg] 

Joj:yfsf] ;'?jft u/]sf] . 

&= Joj;flos zflGt ;'/Iff k|aGw u/]sf] /, ;fy} dxf;+3sf] x/]s k|ToIf,ck|ToIf 

lqmofsnfkx?df lg/Gt/ nflu k/]sf] . 

*= ?=@ s/f]8;Ddsf] af]nsaf]n v'Nnf ug{ g]kfn lgdf{0f Joj;foL dxf;+3sf] 

tkm{af6 ;'qfwf/ . 

Jojl:yt ug{ :fDalGwt lgsfo;+u 

;dGjo ug]{ . lghL If]qsf cGo 

lgdf{0f sfo{x? ;d]t Ohfht k|fKt 

lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?af6 ug{ u/fpg 

P]gdf Joj:yf ug{ k|oTg ug]{ . 

cfjZostfg';f/ ju{x? kl/dfh{g 

P+j yk ug{ kxn ug]{ . 

&_ World Bank, ADB / cGo bft[ 

;+:yf;+u ;dGjo u/L ltgLx?sf 

Procurement 

Criteria nfO{ g]kfnL Joj;foLx?sf] 

kIfdf ;a} ju{x?n] sfd kfpg ;Sg] 

qmfO6]l/ofx? agfpg k x n 

ug]{ . 

*_ d'n'sL ck/fw -;+lxtf_ P]g @)&$ 

sf] bkmf @%) nfO{ vf/]hL ug{ kxn 

ug]{ . 

(_ g]kfn lgdf{0f Jojf;foL 

dxf;+3nfO{ ljs[lt / lj;+ult 

/lxt kljq dlGb/sf] ?kdf ;Dk"0f{ 

lgdf{0f Joj;foL ;b:ox?sf] 

cf:yf / ljZjfzsf] w/f]x/ 

agfpg] . 

!)_ P;f]lzo6, k|b]zx? / 

lhNnfx?÷:yflgo tx ljr ;dGjo 

u/L cfk;L ;DaGw ;'dw'/ u/L 

;a} ju{,ljz]if u/L tNnf] ju{ / 

lk5l8Psf lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?sf] 

nfuL sfd kfpg ;Sg] Kofs]lhªsf] 

nflu lgltut ;'wf/ ug]{ . 

!!_ !@ dlxgf eGbf sd cjlw / ;fgf 

lgdf{0f sfo{df d"No j[l4 kfpg] 

Joj:yfsf nfuL kxn ug]{ . 

!@_ ljleGg ;d:ofaf6 u|l;t /lx /x]sf 

cw'/f k|f]6]S6x?sf] ;d:ofx? klxrfg 

u/L tL k|f]h]S6x? ;DkGg 

/ km/kmf/s ug{sf] nfuL casf] 

lbgaf6 Ps jif{ ;Dd Dofb yk u/L 

;dfwfg ug{ ;DalGwt lgsfodf 

kxn ug]{ . 

!#_ lgdf{0f Joj;foL sf]ifsf] /sd 

)=!)% NCB / ICB b'j} 7]Ssfaf6 

clgjfo{ ?kdf p7fpg] . s]Gb|sf ;fy} 

k|b]z tyf lhNnf÷:yflgo txdf 

klg pQm /sdsf] kx'r k'¥ofpg] 

lglt tof/ ug]{ . lgdf{0f 

Joj;foL sf]ifsf] /sd ;+rfngdf 

dxf;+3 sf] dftxtdf lnO{ ;+rfng 

ug{ ÷u/fpg lgodfjnLdf 

;+;f]wg ug{ kxn ug]{ pQm sf]ifdf 

;/sf/L lgsfo÷txaf6 ;tk|ltzt 

yk ul/ lbg] Joj:yf ldnfpg 

kxn ug]{ . 

!$_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?sf] Ifdtf 

clea[4L ug{ tflnd, lgdf{0f k|ljlw, 

cWoog, cg';Gwfgsf] Joj:yf ug]{ . 

!%_ ;+l3o cjwf/0f ckgfO{ s]Gb|, 

k|b]z, lhNNffsf]÷:yflgotx clwsf/ 

;'–:ki6 kfg]{ . 

!^_ dxf;+3, ;ftj6} k|b]z dxf;+3df 

;'ljwf ;DkGg cfw'lgs Lab Test 

s]Gb«sf] :yfkgf ug{ bxrf]sdf 

/x]sf] dxf;+3sf] hUufdf cfg} 

Nofj :yfkgf ug]{ / k|b]zx?df klg 

:yfkgf ub}{ hfg] . 

!&_ ;DalGwt If]qsf] 1fg k|fKt ug{ tt\ 

If]qsf ljz]if1x?af6 ;Nnfx lnO{ 

cfjZos sbd rfNg] . 

!*_ cu|h lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?sf] 

e"ldsfnfO{ :yflkt u/L 1fg, l;k, 

cg'ej lng] / cGt/fli6«o :t/df 

k|j4{g ug{ ;/sf/ ;+u ;dGjog ug]{ 

Joj:yf ldnfpg] . 

!(_ lgdf{0f klqsfnfO{ lgoldt tyf 

u'0f:t/o'Qm u/L k|sfzg ug]{ . 

@)_ sfo{ ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L tyf 

;b:ox?nfO{ lhDd]jf/L ;fy} / 

k|efjzfnL agfpg] . 

@!_ Associates Members nfO{ 

Think Tank sf] lgltnfO{ k|efjsf/L 

agfpg] . 

@@_ VAT tyf cfo s/sf] ;d:of 

;dfwfg ug{ kxn ug]{ . 

@#_ sfo{ ;ldltsf] a}+7s k|b]z÷ 

lhNnfx?df ug]{ k/Dk/fsf] Joj:yf 

ldnfpg] . 

@$_ /fli6«o lgdf{0f lbj; k|efjsf/L 

jgfpg] . FCAN Award nfO{ cem} 

kl/:s[t u/L OHhtbf/ / cfsif{0f 

agfpg] . 

@%_ Joj;foLsf 5f]/f5f]/Lx?nfO{ 

OlGhlgol/Ë cWoogsf nfuL 

O{lGhlgol/Ë sn]hx?;Fu cWoog 

sf]6f lng k|oTg ug]{ . 

@^_ lgdf{0f Joj;foL / lgdf{0f If]qsf] 

zflGt ;'/Iff sfod ug{ kxn ul/g] 

5 . 

@&_ g]kfnL lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?nfO{ 

cGt/fli6«o af]nkqdf efu lnO{ 

Joj;foL / Ifdtf ljsf;sf] nfuL 

kxn ug]{ . 

@*_ cGt/fli6«o If]qdf sfd 

u/LPsf] lgdf{0f Joj;foL / 

hgzlQmx?sf] klxrfg u/L 

cg'ejsf] cfbfgk|bfg ug]{ . 

@(_ g]kfnL lgdf{0f Joj;foLx?nfO{ 

cGt/fli6«o af]nkqdf efu lnO{ 

Joj;foLs Ifdtf ljsf;sf nfuL 

kxn ug]{ . 

-v_ cGt/b]zLo ;DaGwaf/] M 

#&_ g]kfn l:yt ;a} ;+3 ;+:yfx?;Fu 

;DaGw lj:tf/ ug]{ . 

#*_ /fli6«o ljsf; kl/ifbdf dxf;+3 sf] 

k|ltlglwTj u/fpg kxn ug]{ ;fy} 

cGo o:t} ;+3 ;+:yfx? l;t 

;DaGw sfod u/L k|ltlglwTj 

u/fpg] . 

#(_ cGo ;/sf/L tyf u}/ ;/sf/L 

lgsfox? ;+u ;Dks{ u/L ;DaGw 

lg:tf/ ug]{ / lgdf{0f sfdsf] 

cj;/ kfpg] jftfj/0f tof/ ug]{ . 

$)_ 

g]kfn pBf]u k|lzIf0f s]Gb|nfO{ k'gM 

Jojl:yt u/L ;a} lgdf{0f ;DaGwL 

tflnd lbg] . 

$!_ g]kfn pwf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3sf] 

;b:otfsf] ;DaGwdf Jofks 5nkmn 

u/L cfjZos lg0f{o lng] . 

-u_ sf]ifsf] Joj:yf M 

$@_ lgdf{0f Joj;foL enfO{ sf]if 

k|efjsf/L agfpg] . 

$#_ elatJo tyf b}ljk|sf]k sf]ifsf] 

Joj:yf ug]{ . 

$$_ lgDg :t/sf lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf 

5f]/f–5f]/Lx?nfO{ 5fqa[lQsf] nflu 

sf]ifsf] Joj:yf ;'? ug]{ . 

-3_ cGt/f{li6«o ;DaGwaf/] M 

$%_ IFAWPCA sf] e"ldsfsf] kmfObf lng] 

tkm{ k|oTg ug]{ . 

$^_ g]kfndf ePsf /fhb'tfjf; ljz]if 

u/L k"jf{wf/ ljsf;df cfly{s ;xof]u 

ug]{ b]z sf] /fhb'tfjf; ;+u ;dGjo 

u/L lgdf{0fsf] cj;/ a9fpg / 

nufgL leq\ofpg k|oTg ug]{ . 

$&_ l5d]sL /fi6«x? rLg / ef/tsf 

Associations l;t ;'dw'/ ;DaGw 

agfO{ J/V sf] cfsif{0f a9fpg 

k|oTg ug]{ . 

$*_ xfn ;DjGw e} /x]sf / cGo 

cGt/fli6«o lgdf{0f Joj:ffoL 

;+3x?÷dxf;+3x? ;+u ;Dks{ u/L 

;DaGw lj:tf/ ug]{ . 

$(_ cGt/fli6«o lgdf{0f Joj;foL kl/;+3 

-CICA_ l;t ;Dks{ a9fO{ lgdf{0f 

Joj;foLsf] lxtsf af/]df 

;xof]u lng] . 

%)_ UNDP/ILO/JICA/SDC / 

cGo o:t} ;+:yfx? l;t ;Dks{ tyf 

;dGjo u/L ;xof]u lng] . 

%!_ WTO sf] lgod cg';f/ !) nfv 

8n/ a/fa/sf lgdf{0f sfo{x? ljgf 

of]Uotf g} efu lng kfpg] u/fpg 

kxn ug]{ . 

7"nf;fgf ;a}sf] ;fem]bf/L, ljs[lt / 

lj;+ultk|lt va/bf/L . 

/fhgLlts xf]Og, Jofj;flos 

Pstfsfnflu xfd|f] ;dembf/L . 

ho lgdf0f{ Joj;foL ¤ 

;d[4 g]kfn 

;'vL g]kfnL, ;fdflhs ;]jf 

;a}sf] ] lhDd]jf/L 

g]kfn ;/sf/ 

;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno 

;"rgf ljefu

1st page-merged (2)

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?