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5g\ . bLkfondf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 

Ps sfo{qmddf pgn] /fhgLlts 

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5 . s"n &%# :yfgLo txsf 

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ul/Psf] lyof] . kbk"lt{ x'g 

afFsL /x]sf /f]huf/ ;+of]hssf 

xsdf s]xL lbgleq lg0f{o lnOg] 

k|wfgdGqL /f]huf/ sfo{qmdsf 

;+of]hs Pj+ >d dGqfnosf 

;x;lrj k|sfz bfxfn] hfgsf/L 

lbP . pgn] eg], ækmflhndf /x]sf 

g]kfn ;/sf/sf sd{rf/LnfO{ 

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af/]df s]xL lbgleq} dGqfnon] 

lg0f{o lnG5 .Æ 

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sf7df8f}F -h;_– lqe'jg 

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lgj{frg kmfu'gdf gx'g] ePsf] 5 . 

kmfu'g !* ut] :jljo'sf] sfo{sfn 

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lqljn] lgjf{rg ug{ g;Sg] ePsf] 

5 . lqljn] kmfu'gdf lgjf{rg 

ug] { tof/L u/] klg kof{Kt tof/L 

gk'u]sfn] lgjf{rg ;fg{ yfn]sf] 

xf] . lj;+ @)&# kmfu'g !* ut] 

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lgjf{rg k|0ffnLdfkm{t lgjf{rg 

æd k|wfgdGqL x' Fbf lrlgofF 

sDkgL;Fu klZrd ;]tL agfpg] 

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g]tfx?n] lvrftfgL tyf c8\rg 

u/]sf sf/0f Tof] sfd ue{d} 

t'lxof] .Æ k"j{k|wfgdGqL e§/fO{n] 

bLkfonaf6 k|b]z /fhwfgL s}nfnL 

;fl/g' oxfFsf hgtfnfO{ 7"n} 

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lgjf{rg ug{ g;lsg] atfP . 

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nufgLstf{nfO{ ;]jf k|jfx tyf 

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pknAw u/fpg ;xhLs/0f 

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cg'?k cfkm"n] /f]h]sf] :yfgLo 

kbk"lt{sf nflu ut df3 $ b]lv 

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cfj]bg dfu ul/Psf] lyof] . ;f] 

cjlwdf k|fKt ePsf @# xhf/ 

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pDd]bjf/ k|f/lDes of]Uotf 

qmddf 5flgPsf lyP . 

k|f/lDes of]Uotf qmddf 

5flgPsf pDd]bjf/aLr clGtd 

5gf]6sf nflu zlgaf/ / 

cfOtaf/ cgnfOg k|0ffnLdf 

cfwfl/t sDKo'6/ ;Lk k/LIf0fsf] 

k/LIff lnOPsf] ;+of]hs bfxfnn] 

atfP . k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ 

cf]nLn] oxL kmfug' ! ut] 

pDd]bjf/n] k|fKt u/]sf] cª\s txdf sfd ug{ 5gf]6sf] a]/f]huf/ o'jfnfO{ cfGtl/s 

b]lvg] u/L lj:t[t ljj/0f 

k|wfgdGqL /f]huf/ sfo{qmdsf] 

cj;/ lbO{ ;ft lbgleq 

s/f/ ;Demf}tf u/L v6fOg] 

>d ahf/df Ps cfly{s jif{df 

slDtdf !)) lbgsf] /f]huf/L 

j]j;fO6df /flvPsf] dGqfnon] sfo{qmddf ;+of]hs bfxfn pknAw u/fpg] p2]Zon] … 

hgfPsf] 5 . /f]huf/ ;+of]hssf] 

5gf]6sf nflu >d dGqfnosf 

atfP . /f]huf/ sfo{qmdnfO{ 

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k|wfgdGqL /f]huf/ sfo{qmdÚsf] 

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nf]s ;]jf cfof]u / ;ª\3Lo 

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dGqfnosf ;x;lrj ;+nUg 

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;ª\Vof, /f]huf/L pknAwtfsf] 

ug{ g;Sg] a]/f]huf/ o'jfnfO{ 

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kfl/>lds a/fa/sf] %) k|ltzt 

/sd lgjf{x eQf pknAw u/fpg] 

3f]if0ff ul/;s]sf] 5 . 

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;DklQ 5fglag ug{'k5{ M cWoIf yfkf 

sf7df8f}F -h;_– /fli6«o 

k|hftGq kf6L{sf cWoIf sdn 

yfkfn] e|i6frf/ lgoGq0fsf nflu 

pRr:t/Lo 5fglag cfof]u u7g 

u/L lj;+ @)$& kl5sf /fhgLlt1, 

k|zf;snufotsf] ;DklQ 5fglag 

ug{'kg]{ atfPsf 5g\ . l/kf]6{;{ Sna 

g]kfnn] ;f]daf/ oxfF cfof]hgf 

u/]sf] cGtlqm{of sfo{qmddf pQm 

cfof]unfO{ :jtGq / lgikIfsf 

;fy sfd ug{ ;/sf/n] ;xof]u 

;f]daf/b]lv r}t !! 

ut];Dd x'g] kl/ifb\sf] pb\3f6g 

;qdf pgL ;xefuL x'g] tyf 

ef]ln dª\unaf/ kl/ifb\ a}7snfO{ 

;Daf]wg ug]{ sfo{qmd /x]sf] 

pQm lgof]un] hgfPsf] 5 . 

xfn g]kfn /fi6«;ª\3Lo dfgj 

clwsf/ kl/ifb\sf] ;b:o xf] . 

dGqL 1jfnLn] ;+o'Qm 

/fi6«;ª\3Lo dfgj clwsf/ 

pRrfo'Qm ldr]n a]r]n]6;Fu 

kmfu'g !% ut] låkIfLo 

e]6jftf{ ug]{ sfo{qmd 

5 . k//fi6«dGqL g]t[Tjsf] 

k|ltlglwd08ndf ;ª\3Lo 

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sfg"g, Gofo tyf dfgjclwsf/ 

;ldltsf ;efklt s[i0feQm 

kf]v/]n, k|wfgdGqL tyf 

dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no, sfg"g, 

Gofo tyf ;+;bLo dfldnf 

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clwsf/L 5g\ . 

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5fglagsf qmddf g]kfnLn] 

ljb]zdf n'sfP/ /fv]sf] ;Dklt 

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sf/jfxL ug{'kg]{df hf]8 lbP . 

;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] 

cfb]z adf]lhd Pg;]nn] 

ltg' {kg] { k" FhLut nfes/nufot ;a} 

s/ ;/sf/n]c;'n ug{ 'kg] {df hf]8 lbFb} 

pgn] jfO8 a8L 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:ynsf] sfnf]kq km]l/Fb} 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–a;f{tsf] 

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ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og 

dGqfnonfO{ ;w}F Pp6} lrGtfn] 

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cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:ynsf] 

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;dodf kfgL kbf{ ljdfg:ynsf] 

wfjgdfu{sf] sfnf]kq pKsg], 

wfFhf kmf6\g] / hxfh p8fg 

tyf cjt/0fdf ;d:of cfpg] 

sf/0f ;a} e'Qmef]uL lyP . 

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g]kfn cfO/x]sf hxfhnfO{ stf 

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hxfhnfO{ stf cjt/0f u/fpg] 

eGg] lrGtfdf x'Gy] ljdfg:ynsf 

sd{rf/L . wfjgdfu{ dd{tsf 

nflu ljdfg:yn sfof{non] … 

b|'t dd{tstf{ 6f]nL tof/L 

cj:yfdf /fv] klg ;d:of k/L 

g} /xGYof] . ca eg] Ps dfq 

ljdfg:ynn] pQm ;d:ofaf6 

d'lQm kfpg] ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] 

cfufdL r}t !* ut]b]lv d'n'ssf] 

Ps dfq lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o 

ljdfg:ynsf] k"0f{?kdf dd{t ug]{ 

ePsf] 5 . ljut rf/ bzsb]lv 

;fdfGo dd{t 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

Psjif]{ sfo{sfn ;kmn 

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sf7df8f}+-h;_–u[xdGqL 

/fdaxfb'/ yfkf afbnn] cfÎgf] 

Ps jif]{ sfo{sfnsf] ;ldIff 

u/]sf 5g\ . pgn] cfÎgf] 

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sfo{sfn, ;+u;+u} ;kmn ePsf] 

pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . u[xdGqL 

yfkfn] s]kL zdf{ cf]nL g]t[Tjsf] 

;/sf/sf] u[xdGqfnosf] g]t[Tj 

;Dxfn]sf] Ps jif{ k'u]sf] cj;/df 

dGqfnodf /x]/ u/]sf sfdsf] 

;dLIff ;fj{hlgs u/]sf x'g\=. 

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k7fOPsf] u[xdGqLsf] Ps 

jif{sf sfdsf] ;dLIffdf klxnf] 

jif{ ePsf]n] w]/} l;sfO{ / yf]/} 

dfq eP klg /fd|f] sfd u/fO{ 

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k|zf;gsf] ;'wf/ / ljsf;sf] 

b[li6sf]0fn] cfwf/ jif{sf] 

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sfddf ;kmn ePsf] pNn]v 

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g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, sfg'g / g]kfn 

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tj/n] sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg u[x 

k|zf;g ;'wf/ sfo{of]hgfsf] 

sfof{Gjog ug{ dGqfno ;kmn 

ug{ z"Go ;xgzLntfsf] 

gLltnfO{ Jojxf/df NofOPsf], 

u[x k|zf;gdf ljutb]lv h/f] 

uf8]sf] k|zf;lgs ljs[ltx¿sf] 

pNn]Vo dfqfdf Go"lgs/0f ePsf], 

;+l3otf sfof{Gjogsf qmddf 

b]lvPsf sltko ;d:ofx?nfO{ 

lg/fsf/0f ub}{ ;'/Iff Joj:yfdf 

s'g} cfFr cfpg glbO{Psf] pNn]v 

ul/Psf] 5 . zflGt ;'/Iff, ck/fw 

lgoGq0f / ;'zf;gsf If]qdf 

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ub}{ u[xdGqLn] Psjif]{ ;dLIff 

;fj{hlgs u/]sf 5g\ . 

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k|ult ljj/0fdf u[xdGqLsf] 

dGtJob]lv u[x k|zf;gs 

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ePsf d'Vo !) pknlAwx? 

a'Fbfut ?kdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 

5 . a'Fbf gDa/ $ df rlr{t 

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ePsf] 5 . ;'g t:s/Ldf ;+nUg 

&% hgf k|ltjfbLdWo] $^ hgf 

kqmfp k/]sf], #! hgf km/f/ /x]sf] 

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nflu y'gfdf k7fOPsf] 5 . #^ hgf 

cleo'Qmx?sf] rn÷crn ;DklQ 

/f]Ssf ul/Psf] pNn]v 5 .Ú 

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ljkb\kl5sf] vf]h tyf p4f/, 

sf/fuf/ ;'wf/, cWofudg tyf 

;Ldf Joj:yfdf ;'wf/, /fli6«o 

kl/rokq Joj:yfkg, nfu'cf}ifw 

lgoGq0f, zflGt k|j4{g tyf /fxt 

ljt/0f, P]g sfg'g th{'df, ;+u7g 

;+/rgf, hgzlQm Joj:yfkg 

/ zf;sLo ;'wf/, cGt/fli6«o 

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b]pjfdf ax'dtsf] bDe b]lvof] M z]v/ 

lj/f6gu/-h;_– sf+u|]; 

s]Gb|Lo ;b:o z]v/ sf]O/fnfn] 

kf6L{ ;efklt z]/axfb'/ b]pjf 

cfÎgf] sfo{sfn yKg] tof/Ldf 

/x]sf] cf/f]k nufPsf 5g\ . 

ax'dtsf] bDedf kf6L{sf] !$ 

cf+} dxflwj]zg lgwf{l/t ;dodf 

gu/L b'O{ jif{ nDAofP/ cfkm\gf] 

sfo{sfn yKg] tof/Ldf /x]sf] 

pgn] cf/f]k nufP . lj/f6gu/ 

l:yt sf]O/fnf lgjf;df 

;f]daf/ cfof]lht kqsf/ 

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Ps jif{dfq afFsL /x]sf] cj:yf 

pNn]v ub}{ t/ ax'dtsf] bDedf 

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u/]/ cl3 a9] kf6L{ emg\ sdhf]/ 

x'g] atfP . 

kf6L{sf] !$ cf+} 

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pDd]bjf/ x'g] xf] ls eGg] 

;~rf/sdL{sf] lh1f;fdf 

sf]O/fnfn] :ki6 hjfkm 

lbPgg\ . o;af/] ;fyLx?;Fu 

cfkm"n] k/fdz{ ul//x]sf] pgsf] 

egfO lyof] . dxflwj]zg 

cfpg ;do afFsL /x]sfn] a]nf 

ePkl5 o;af/] af]Ng] pgn] 

pNn]v u/] . kf6L{ sdhf]/ 

ePsf] / ;+u7g z'Gosf] 

cj:yfdf /xFbf dxflwj]zg 

;dodf gu/L sfo{sfn yk 

ug{' gx'g] pgn] atfP . kf6L{n] 

:yfgLo / ;+3Lo lgjf{rgdf 

nfhdbf]{ xf/ Joxf]g{'k/]sf] pNn]v 

ub}{ xf/sf] lhDdf g]t[Tjn] lng'k5{ 

eGbf cg'zf;g / sfjf{xLsf] 

s'/f ul/Psf] eGb} sf]O/fnfn] 

eg], …t/ o;df d]/f] s]xL 

eGg' 5}g . 

pgn] sf+u|]; kf6L{ 

sf]O/fnfx?sf] dfq gePsf] 

a? ;a}sf] of]ubfg / /ut 

kl;gfaf6 :yflkt ePsf] kf6L{ 

/x]sf] pNn]v u/] . ;efklt 

b]pjfn] …sf+u|]; sf]O/fnfx?sf] 

akf}tL gePsf] / z]v/ sf]O/fnf 

sf] x'g\Ú egL jL/uGhdf s]xL 

lbgcl3 cfof]lht sfo{qmddf 

k|Zg u/]sf lyP . b]pjfsf] 

pQm egfOaf/] sf]O/fnfn] 

s8f l6Kk0fL u/] . …d sf] x'F 

eGg] dnfO{ /fd|/L x]Ssf 5, d 

d]/f] /fhgLlts ;+:sf/ 5f8\g 

;lSbg a? sf]O/fnf kl/jf/sf] 

;+:sf/nfO{ cem dha't t'Nofpg] 

sfd u5{' .Ú b]pjfn] cfkm" / 

sf]O/fnf kl/jf/af/] To:tf] 

af]n]/ Tof] pgs} /fhgLlts 

;+:sf/ k|:t't u/]sf] x'g ;Sg] 

l6Kk0fL sf]O/fnfn] u/] . jLkL 

sf]O/fnfn] n]v]sf] ljwfg 

6]s]/ oxf“;Dd cfPsf] sf+u|];n] 

lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] ;+;b 

k'g:yfkgf u/fpFbf ljZjn] 

k|z+;f ubf{ ;d]t kf6L{sf] ljwfg 

;+zf]wg ul/+bf /fhgLlts 

k|:tfjgfdf o;nfO{ a]jf:tf 

ul/Psf] pgn] u'gf;f] u/] .

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@)&% kmfu'g !$ ut], d+unaf/ 

Tuesday 26, February 2019 

;dfrf/ 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–/fi6«klt 

ljBfb]jL e08f/Ln] ;/n / ;fbuL 

JolQmTjsf] wgL :j dx]Gb|gf/fo0f 

lglw ;a}sf nflu k|]/0ffsf] 

;|f]t ePsf] atfPsL 5g\ . 

dx]Gb|gf/fo0f lglw k|lti7fgn] 

:j lglwsf] (&cfF} hGdhoGtLsf] 

cj;/ kf/]/ ;f]daf/ oxfF 

cfof]hgf u/]sf] sfo{qmddf pgn] 

:j lglw g]kfnsf] k|hftflGqs 

cfGbf]ngdf Oltxf;s} Ps … 

lglwÚsf ?kdf /x]sf 5g\ 

elgg . /fi6«kltn] elgg, ælglwn] 

cª\ufNg'ePsf] lgi7fsf] /fhgLlt 

;a}sf nflu :d/0fLo 5 . clx+;f, 

zflGt, ;b\efj, ;fdflhs Gofo 

/ nf]stGqsf cys cleoGtf 

:j lglw ;bfrf/ hLjg / pRr 

hLjgsf cg'kd pbfx/0f lyP .Æ 

:j lglw g]kfnsf] 

k|hftflGqs cfGbf]ngsf …o'u 

k'?ifÚ ePsf] pNn]v ub}{ pgn] 

hgtfsf] xsclwsf/ k|flKtdf 

;w}F cu|kª\lQmdf /x]/ n8]sf 

lglwn] k|fKt k|hftGq, hgtfsf] 

xslxtsf] ;+/If0f Pj+ ;+j4{gdf 

;d]t cfkm"nfO{ ;dlk{t u/]sf] 

atfP . /fi6«kltn] elgg, ækb / 

kf6L{eGbf dfly b]z / hgfnfO{ 

7"nf] 7fGg] :j lglwsf d"NodfGotf 

cg's/0fLo / cg';/0fLo 

tLg=== 

:j dx]Gb|gf/fo0f k|hftflGqs 

cfGbf]ngs} …lglwÚ M /fi6«klt 

Pj+ ;+:s[ltljb\ ;Todf]xg hf]zL 

/ :jf:Yo If]qdf pNn]Vo of]ubfg 

lbg'ePsf 8f uf}/Lzª\s/nfn 

bf;nfO{ ;+o'Qm ?kdf k|bfg 

u/] . pQm k'/:sf/sf] /flz ? 

Ps nfv Ps xhf/ /x]sf] 

5 . @)&$ ;fnsf] …k|]d;fu/Lb]jL 

lglw k'/:sf/Ú dlxnf r]tgf 

lj:tf/ / hfu/0fdf ;lqmo 

s'df/LnIdL /fO{nfO{ k|bfg 

ul/of] . pQm k'/:sf/sf] /flz 

? %! xhf/ /x]sf] 5 . To:t} 

/fi6«klt e08f/Ln] @)&% 

;fnsf] …dx]Gb|gf/fo0f lglw 

5 .Æ ljrf/cg'/;f/sf] Jojxf/ /fli6«o Pstf / ;b\efjsf] /fli6«o k'/:sf/Ú k|hftflGqs 

/ jrgcg';f/sf] sd{sf] ljlzi6 efjgfnfO{ alnof] agfpg :j of]4f tLy{/fd 8ª\uf]n / 

k|ltlaDasf ?kdf /xg'ePsf lglwn] /fli6«o /fhgLltdf v]n]sf] dfgjclwsf/jfbL /fdgf/fo0f 

:j lglwaf6 clxn]sf /fhgLlts e"ldsf jt{dfg / eljiosf b]jnfO{ ;+o'Qm ?kdf k|bfg 

k':tfn] ;d]t l;Sg'kg] { atfP . nflu;d]t ;fGble{s x'g] u/] . @)&% ;fnsf] … 

/fi6«kltn] elgg, æ;Tosf] af6f]df atfOg . sfo{qmddf /fi6«klt k|]d;fu/Lb]jL lglw k'/:sf/ 

PSn} eP klg lxF8\g] lglwsf] :jefj e08f/Ln] :j lglwsf] ;Ddfgdf dlxnf hfu/0fsf ;fy} ;fdflhs 

/ ;ª\3if{ pgsf pbfx/0fLo kf7sf :yflkt …dx]Gb|gf/fo0f lglw ;'wf/ cleofgdf ;+nUg zflGt 

?kdf /x]sf] 5 . kb Ifl0fs x'G5 /fli6«o k'/:sf/Ú tyf pgsL sfsL{ / dfgjclwsf/sf 

t/ k|lti7f xfl;n ug{ nfdf] wd{kTgLsf] ;Ddfgdf :yflkt … nflu Psn dlxnfsf] ;+/If0f ;d'bfosfaLr 

tk:of, ;ª\3if{ / ;Tsd{sf] vfFrf] k|]d;fu/Lb]jL lglw k'/:sf/Ú ;+/If0fsL cWoIf d}gf sfsL{nfO{ 

kb{5 eGg] lglwsf] cfbz{ efjgf @)&$ / @)&% af6 ;dfhsf k|bfg ul/of] . ;f] cj;/df 

dggof]Uo 5 .Æ 

ljleGg If]qdf ljlzi6 of]ubfg k"j{;efd'v bdggfy 9'ª\ufgfn] 

:j lglwnfO{ k|hftlGqs ug]{ JolQmTjnfO{ k|bfg ul/g . cf:yf / clx+;fk|ltsf] c8fg g} 

cfGbf]ng;Fu hf]8\g] /fli6«o /fi6«kltn] @)&$ ;fnsf] lglwsf] cfbz{ ePsf] atfP . :j 

b[li6sf]0fsf] g]tf / cfd g]kfnLsf] …dx]b|gf/fo0f lglw /fli6«o lglwsf] JolQmTjsf] df}lnstf 

g]tf ePsf] :d/0f ub}{ pgn] k'/:sf/Ú jfª\do ztfAbL k'?if c;fwf/0f kfPsf] pNn]v ub}{ 

hf]lvdk"0f{ ofqfdf 

gful/ssf clwsf/ 

s'l07t x'g'x'Fb}g M 8f dxt 

sf7df8f} -h;_– 

g]kfnL sfª\u| ];sf ;xdxfdGqL 

8f k|sfzz/0f dxtn] s'g} klg 

axfgfdf cfdgful/ssf clwsf/ 

s'l07t x'g gx'g] atfPsf 5g\ . 

g]kfn k| ]; o'lgogn] ;f]daf/ oxfF 

cfof]hgf u/]sf] …;fOa/ sfg"g 

/ o;n] ldl8ofdf kfg{] k|efjÚ 

ljifos cGtlqm{of sfo{qmddf 

pgn] hgtfsf] cleJolQm 

:jtGqtf tyf :jtGq k|];sf] 

clwsf/nfO{ s'l07t x'g] s'g} klg 

sfg"g cfÎgf] kf6L{nfO{ dfGo gx'g] 

wf/0ff JoQm u/] . 

g]tf 8f dxtn] ;+;b\df 

xfn} btf{ ePsf] ;"rgf k|ljlw 

;DaGwL ljw]ossf s]xL a' Fbfn] 

;"rgf k|ljlwsf] If]qnfO{ lgodg 

ug] { gfddf cleJolQm :jtGqtf 

/ k| ]; :jtGqtfnfO{ g} c;/ 

kfg] { eGb} To:tf cg'bf/ a' Fbf 

;Rofpg dfu ug{ 'eof] . cfd 

gful/sn] d'n'ssf] zflGt ;'/Iff 

/ hgrf;f]sf ljifodf ;fdflhs 

;~hfndfkm{t cfÎgf ljrf/ 

k|s6 u/]sf] ljifonfO{ lgdog 

ug{ ] gfddf lgoGq0f ug{ gx'g] 

pgsf] egfO lyof] . g]kfn kqsf/ 

dxf;ª\3sf k"j{ cWoIf 8f ;'/]z 

cfrfo{n] ;"rgf k|ljlw ljw]os 

d:of}bfsf] Joj:yf / o;n] ;~rf/ 

If]qdf kfg{;Sg] k|efjsf af/]df 

sfo{kq k|:t't u/]sf lyP . pgn] 

;fdflhs ;~hfnnfO{ lgdog ug{ 

sfg"gn] ;~rf/dfWodnfO{ lgodg 

ug{ gx'g]df hf]8 lbP . 

egL ;?jf ug] { k|fjwfg 5 . ;f] cjlweGbf 

a9L d'2f x]bf{ ljs[lt cfpg ;Sg] x' Fbf ;?jf ug' {kg] 

Joj:yf 5 . ;f]xL k|fjwfgcg';f/ sfh ;?jf ul/Psf] 

Gofo kl/ifb\n] hgfPsf] 5 . 

lqe'jg=== 

u/]/ ;~rfngdf NofO{ /flvPsf] ljdfg:ynsf] 

wfjgdfu{sf] sfnf]kq k"0f{?kdf km]/]/ gofF /fVg 

vf]lhPsf] xf] . wfjgdfu{sf] sfnf]kq ;fdfGo ?kdf 

pKsbf;d]t xjfOhxfh p8fg tyf cjt/0fdf 

;d:of x'Fb} cfPsf] lyof] . d'n'ssf] k|lti7f;Fu 

hf]l8Psf] ljdfg:ynnfO{ ;d:of/lxt agfpg] 

nIosf ;fy ;/sf/n] k"0f{?kdf dd{t ug{ nfu]sf] 

xf] . ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8ogdGqL 

/jLGb| clwsf/Ln] /f;;;Fu eg], ægofF sfnf]kq u/L 

ljdfg:ynnfO{ b'?:t agfpg] p2]Zosf ;fy sfd 

z'? ePsf] 5 .Æ dGqL clwsf/L;lxtsf] 6f]nLn] 

;f]daf/ sfnf]kqsf nflu eO/x]sf] k|ultsf af/]df 

:ynut lg/LIf0f u/L hfgsf/L lnPsf lyP . 

ljdfg:ynsf] sfnf]kqnfO{ km]// gofF 

g]kfn k|]; o'lgogsf cWoIf 

ab|L l;Ub]nn] ;~rf/dfWodn] 

:jtGq ?kdf ;dfrf/ ;ª\sng 

/ ;Dk| ]if0f ug{ kfpg'kg{ ] eGb} 

o;df cj/f]w jf afwf k'¥ofpg] 

s'g} klg sfg"g cfkm"x¿nfO{ 

dfGo gx'g] atfP . g]kfn k| ]; 

o'lgog tyf /f;;sf k"j{ cWoIf 

s'nrGb| jfUn]n] ;~rf/dfWon] 

;+ljwfgcg';f/ hgrf;f]sf 

ljifonfO{ :jtGq ?kdf k| ]if0f ug{ 

kfpg'kg{ ] wf/0ff JoQm ub{ } cGo s'g} 

klg sfg"gn] To:tf] :jtGqtfnfO{ 

s'l07t ug{ g;Sg] lhls/ u/] . 

…k|m]8]l/s Oa6{ Ol:6Î6'ªÚ 

-PkmOP;_sf /fli6«o ;+of]hs 8f 

rGb|b]j e§n] ;fdflhs ;~hfnnfO{ 

lgodg ug{] ljifo ljZjJofkL 

?kdf r'gf}tL ag]sf] pNn]v ub{ 

;~rf/dfWodn] hgrf;f]sf 

ljifonfO{ lgjf{w ?kdf p7fpg 

kfpg'kg{ ] atfP . …8]df]qm]l6s 

no;{ Pzf]l;ozgÚ -l8PnP_ sf 

dxf;lrj clwjQmf nIdL bfxfn 

/fjnn] ljB'tLo sf/f]jf/ P]gn] 

;~rf/ If]qdf kf/]sf] k|efjsf 

af/]df sfo{kq k|:t't u/]sf lyP . 

pgn] ;~rf/dfWod k| ]; sfplG;n 

P]gdfkm{t dfq lgodg x'g'kg{ ]df 

hf]8 lbP . sfo{qmddf uf]/vfkq 

b}lgssf kqsf/ /fwf rfln;] / 

cGgk"0f{ kf]i6 b}lgs kqsf/ od 

lj/xLn] b'a} sfo{kqdfly l6Kk0fL 

u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf k| ]; 

sfplG;n g]kfnsf ;b:o O{Zj/L 

cf]emf, dxf;ª\3sf pkfWoIf lbnLk 

yfkfdu/, g]kfn k|]; o'lgogsf 

pkdxf;lrj eLid/fh cf]emf / 

lb lxdfno 6fO{D;sf ;Dkfbs 

k|sfz l/dfnn] ;~rf/dfWodn] 

:jtGq k| ];sf] clwsf/cGtu{t 

lgjf{w ?kdf ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f 

ug{ ] clwsf/nfO{ s'g} klg sfg"gn] 

afwf k'¥ofpg g;Sg] wf/0ff 

/fv]sf lyP . 

sfnf]kq /fVg] tof/L ul/Psf] 5 . ;f] sfo{sf 

nflu rfOgf g]zgn Pu|f] 6]Sgf]nf]hL OG6/g]zgn 

OlGhgLol/ªnfO{ 7]Ssf lbOPsf] 5 . s/La &) 

k|ltzteGbf a9L lgdf{0f ;fdu|L hDdf ePkl5 

gofF sfnf]kqsf] sfd z'? x'g]5 . lrlgofF sDkgLn] 

? rf/ ca{ @& s/f]8 nfutdf ljdfg:ynsf] 

wfjgdfu{ dd{tsf] lhDdf kfPsf] 5 . ;+:s[lt, 

ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfnon] tof/ 

kf/]sf] sfo{tflnsfcg';f/ cfufdL r}t !* ut]b]lv 

wfjgdfu{sf] :t/f]Ggltsf nflu gofF sfnf]kqsf] 

sfd z'? x'Fb}5 . ;f] sfo{ cfufdL h]7df ;DkGg 

x'g]5 . uf}r/0f ljdfg:ynsf] gfdaf6 lj;+ @))^ 

b]lv gful/s p8\8og ;]jf z'? u/]sf] xf] . lj;+ 

@)!@ df tTsfnLg /fhf dx]Gb|n] cfÎgf lktf 

lqe'jgsf] gfdaf6 ljdfg:ynsf] gfd /fVg 

nufPsf] atfOG5 . ut h]7 & ut]b]lv b}lgs @! 

306f ;~rfngdf cfPsf] xf] . 

7]s]bf/ sDkgLn] s/La () lbgleq k"0f{?kdf 

gofF sfnf]kq ul/;Sg] hgfPsf] 5 . ljdfg:yn 

dd{tsf] sfd c;fWo} hf]lvdk"0f{ sfd ePsfn] 

b}lgs bz 306f dfq} ;~rfngdf NofOg]5 . 

bz 306f ljdfg:yn aGb u/]/ dd{t ul/g]5 . 

ljz]ifu/L /ftsf] ;dodf wfjgdfu{ eTsfP/ dd{t 

ug]{ / ljdfg p8fgsf nflu of]Uo agfOg]5 . dGqL 

clwsf/Ln] eg], æljdfg:yn / hxfhsf] ;d]t 

;'/IffnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ sfd ug]{ u/L sfo{of]hgf 

agfOPsf] 5 .Æ wfjgdfu{;Fu} 6\ofS;L kfls{ª:yn 

/ hxfh kfls{:ynsf] ;d]t dd{t ul/g]5 . 

ljz]ifu/L sf]6]Zj/tkm{sf] wfjgdfu{df a9L dfqfdf 

sfnf]kq pKsg] ;d:of /x]sf] 5 . hfgsf/x?sf 

cg';f/ ljz]ifu/L hxfh cjt/0f x'g] d'Vo ljGb' 

sf]6]Zj/tkm{sf] wfjgdfu{df a9L ;d:of b]lvPsf] 

5 . ;f]xL :yfgdf klxn] dd{t ug]{ of]hgf agfOPsf] 

5 . ljdfg:yndf xfn b}lgs !)) eGbf a9L 

cGt/f{li6«o;lxt ;/b/ $)) p8fg x'g] u/]sf] 5 . 

ljdfg:yndf ;d:of cfpFbf nfdf] ;do hxfh 

cfsfzdf …xf]N8Ú ug'{kg]{ / OGwgsf] gfz tyf 

ofq'n] ;d]t tgfj ef]Ug k/]sf] 5 . 

kmfu'gdf=== 

k/LIffsf] sfo{tflnsf dfu u/]sf] 5 . 

æxfdLn] ;a} l8g sfof{no / k/LIff lgoGq0f 

sfof{nodf 5nkmn u/L k/LIffsf] sfo{tflnsf 

dfu u/]sf 5f}FÆ, pgn] eg], æk/LIffsf] sfo{tflnsf 

pgn] :j lglw g]tfsf] klg g]tf 

lyP eg] . 

sfo{qmddf :j lglwsf 

;'k'q Pj+ k"j{pkk|wfgdGqL 

ljdn]Gb| lglwn] k'/:s[t 

cltljlzi6 JolQmTjn] ;dfh 

;'wf/df yk k|]/0ff lbg] 

ljZjf; JoQm u/] . k'/:sf/ 

5gf]6 ;ldltsf ;+of]hs 8f 

ladn sf]O/fnfn] :j lglwsf] 

cfbz{;Fu d]n vfg] / ;dfhdf 

ljlzi6 of]ubfg k'¥ofpg'ePsf 

JolQmTjnfO{ 5gf]6 ul/Psf] 

atfP . k'/:sf/ 5gf]6 ;ldltdf 

8f sf]O/fnf, k|f8f s'df/ 

sf]O/fnf, k|f gj]Gb| lglw / b'uf{ 

l3ld/] ;xefuL lyP . k|lti7fgsf 

cWoIf k'?iff]Qd bfxfnn] 

:j lglwsf hLjgsf ljleGg 

kIfdfly cg';Gwfg u/L 

k':tssf ?kdf s[lt k|sfzg 

ul/g] atfP . clx+;f, zflGt, 

nf]stGq, ;fdflhs Gofo tyf 

;b\efjgfsf 

cleofgsdL{ :j lglwsf] 

;Ddfgdf @)&) ;fnb]lv 

;dfhdf hfu/0f Nofpg e"ldsf 

v]Ng'x'g] ljlzi6 JolQmTjnfO{ 

;Ddfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . 

k|lti7fg lj;+ @)%* df :yfkgf 

ePsf] xf] . 

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/x]sf !( dlxnf lkmtf{ 

/fFemf -h;_– g]kfnu~h g]kfnu~hl:yt sfof{nodf /fv]/ g]kfnu~hsf ;+of]hs sf]O/fnf 

gfsfaf6 ef/ttkm{ hf]lvdk"0f{ k/fdz{ / kfl/jfl/s k'g/ldngsf] atfpF5g\ . 

ofqfdf /x]sf g]kfnL !( nflu kxn eO/x]sf]dfOtL g]kfnsf a'6jn, bfª / 

dlxnfnfO{ lkmtf{ u/fOPsf] 5 . 

g]kfnu~haf6 lbNnL hfg] a;df 

;jf/ pgLx¿nfO{ g]kfnu~hl:yt 

;+of]hs s]zj/fh sf]O/fnfn] 

atfP . æljleGg lhNnfsf dlxnf 

bfª k'u]/ lbNnLsf] a; r9\g' 

g]kfnu~haf6 b}lgs tLgj6f 

hlt d}qLk"0f{ a; ;Lwf lbNnLsf] 

nflu g]kfnu~h gfsf x' Fb} ef/t 

;LdfIf]q hd'gfxaf6 lkmtf{ cfkm} Fdf zª\sf:kb s'/f xf], To;}n] k|j]z ug] ub{5g\ . a'6jn, bfª / 

ul/Psf] Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no 

hd'gfxsf O~rfh{ k|x/L gfoj 

xfdLn] pgLx¿nfO{ /f]s]/ k/fdz{ 

ul//x]sf 5f} FÆ sf]O/fnfn] eg], 

g]kfnu~haf6 ef/tsf] /fhwfgL 

lbNnLsf nflu ;~rfng x'g] 

lg/LIfs j;Gt a:g]tn] hfgsf/L æk/fdz{kl5 w]/}h;f]n] cfÎgf] a;df hfFrsf qmddf zª\sf:kb 

lbP . pgsf cg';f/ z'qmaf/ /flt 

!) / zlgaf/ /flt gf} hgf u/L 

!( dlxnfnfO{ lkmtf{ ul/Psf] xf] . 

oyfy{tf atfO;Sg'ePsf] 5, pgsf] 

kl/jf/;Fu ;Dks{ u/L kfl/jfl/s 

k'g/ldng u/fpFb}5f}F. Æ 

dlxnf km]nf kg{ yfn]kl5 Onfsf 

k|x/L sfof{no hd'gfx, afFs] / 

dfgj a]rlavg lj?4 lqmofzLn 

ælbNnL hfg] a;df hfFr ubf{ d}qLk"0f{ a;;]jf k|of]u ;+:yfn] ;ts{tf ckgfPsf 

zª\sf nfu]kl5 dfOtL g]kfn / dfgj bnfnn] hd'gfx 5g\ . zª\sf:kb dlxnf km]nf 

;fgf xft ;+:yf;Fusf] ;xsfo{df 

;f]wk'5 / k/fdz{sf nflu /f]Sg] 

u/]sf 5f} FÆ, O~rfh{ a:g]tn] eg], 

gfsfnfO{ ljleGg dfWodaf6 

k|of]u ug] u/]sf 5g\ . kl5Nnf] 

k6s ;Lwf a; ;]jfdfkm{t 

k/]sfn] s]xL lbgotf lbNnL 

hfg] a;df cfjZos hfFr / 

;f]wk'5nfO{ k|fyldstf lbOPsf] 

æsltkon] vf8Ld'n's / O/fs o;nfO{ k|of]u u/]sf] x'g;Sg] ONffsf k|x/L sfof{no hd'gfxsf 

hfg];Ddsf s'/f u/]sfn] cfjZos sf]O/fnfsf] egfO 5 . ;LdfjtL{ O~rfh{ a:g]tn] hfgsf/L 

k/fdz{sf nflu dfOtL g]kfnsf] 

lhDdf nufpg] u/]sf 5f}F . Æ 

ef/tLo ahf/ ?k}l8xfdf lsgd]n, 

3'd3fd, cf}iflw pkrf/ nufotsf 

lbP . ;g\ @)!* sf] hgj/Lb]lv 

l8;]Da/;Ddsf] cjlwdf dfOtL 

;Ldf gfsfaf6 lkmtf{ x'g]df lgx' agfP/ ljutdf gfsf kf/ ug] g]kfnn] hd'gfx gfsfaf6 

df]/ª, g'jfsf]6, wflbª, dsjfgk'/, sf]l;; x'g] u/]sf]df clxn] /fltsf] hf]lvdk"0f{ ofqfdf /x]sf (@) 

lrtjg, u'NdLsf dlxnf /x]sf 

5g\ . pgLx¿nfO{ dfOtL g]kfnsf] 

;dodf lbNnL hfg] a; k|of]u 

ug] u/]sf] kfOPsf] dfOtL g]kfn 

hgfnfO{ p4f/ u/L kl/jf/sf] 

lhDdf nufPsf] lyof] . 

k|b]z /fhwfgLsf nflu ;'emfj ;ª\sng 

k/f;L -h;_– k|b]z g+ 

% sf] gfd s] cfwf/df /fVg] / 

:yfoL /fhwfgL sxfF / s:tf] 

x'g] eGg] ljifodf k|b]zsf 

gful/s;Fu ;'emfj ;ª\sng 

yflnPsf] 5 . k|b]z;efåf/f ul7t 

ljz]if ;ldltn] cfOtaf/ o;} 

ljifodf klZrd gjnk/f;Ldf 

;'emfj ;ª\sng tyf cGtlqm{of 

u/]sf] 5 . k|b]z;ef ;b:o 

tyf ljz]if ;ldltsf ;b:oåo 

t]haxfb'/ cf]nL /;/:jtL uf}tdsf] 

6f]nLn] lhNnfsf /fhgLlts bn, 

hgk|ltlglw, gful/s ;dfh, 

;~rf/sdL{, cflbjf;L hghflt 

;d'bfonufot;Fu lnlvt ;'emfj 

lnPsf] 5 . k|b]z /fhwfgLsf 

nflu k|zf;lgs ;'udtf s:tf] 

x'g'kg{ ], e"ld Joj:yfkg s;/L 

ug{ ], /fhwfgL If]qsf] hg3gTj / 

jftfj/0fLo cg's"ng s:tf] x'g'kg{ ], 

;fdl/s ;'/Iff Joj:yf s:tf] 

x'g'kg{ ], ef}uf]luns cg's"ntf s:tf] 

x'g'kg{ ] / /fhwfgL sxfF pko'Qm 

x'G5 eGg]af/] hfgsf/L lnOPsf] 

lyof] . k|b]zsf] gfd P]ltxfl;s, 

;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts / ef}uf]lns 

dWo] s'g cfwf/df /fVg] eGg]af/] 

;d]t ;'emfj ;ª\sng ul/Psf] 

ljz]if ;ldltsf ;b:o cf]nLn] 

hfgsf/L lbP . lnlvt ;'emfjdf 

clwsf+zn] k|b]zsf] gfd n'lDagL 

/ :yfoL /fhwfgL a'6jn x'g'kg{ 

;'emfj lbPsf 5g\ . lhNnfaf6 

k|ltlglwTj ug{ ] k|b]z;ef ;b:o 

j}hgfy ho;jfn eG5g\ , 

æk|b]z g+ % eujfg uf}tda'4sf] 

hGd:yn ePsfn] gfd n'lDagL / 

ef}uf]lns ;'udtfsf] lx;fan] ;a} 

lhNnfnfO{ kfos kg{ ] :yfg a'6jn 

xf], t;y{ :yfoL /fhwfgL a'6jn 

g} pko'Qm x'G5 . Æ 

k|]; :jtGqtfdfly x:tIf]k 

ug{ gx'g]M ;efklt b]pjf 

/ ; ' j f - h ; _ – 

g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf ;efklt 

z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] ;/sf/n] k|]; 

:jtGqtfdfly x:tIf]k ug{ gx'g] 

atfPsf 5g\ . ;f]daf/ oxfF 

cfof]lht kf6L{ k|j]z sfo{qmddf 

pgn] eg], æk|]; tyf cleJolQm 

:jtGqtf / ;+ljwfgåf/f k|bt 

clwsf/dfly ;/sf/n] x:tIf]k 

ug{ nfu]sfn] o;sf lj?4 ;a} 

Psh'6 eP/ cufl8 a9\g'kb{5 .Æ 

;efklt b]pjfn] lrlsT;f lzIff 

ljw]osdf ;/sf/n] 7"nf] x:tIf]k 

u/]sf] pNn]v ub}{ /;'jfb]lv z'? 

ePsf] sfª\u|]; k|j]zsf] 

cleofgnfO{ b]zJofkL ?kdf 

nlug] / cGo kf6L{af6 sfª\u|]; 

k|j]z ug]{nfO{ plrt :yfg lbg] 

atfP . 

kf6L{sf jl/i7 g]tf 

/fdrGb| kf}8]nn] zflGt ;'/Iff 

/ d'n'ssf] cfly{s ljsf;df 

;/sf/n] sfd ug{ g;s]sf] 

cf/f]k nufpFb} ;d[l4sf] ofqf 

sDo'lgi6sf] g]t[Tjdf k"/f x'g 

;Sb}g eg] . jfO8a8L, Pg;]n, 

;'gsf08 / lgd{nf kGt sf08df 

;/sf/ df}g a;]sf] klg pgn] 

pNn]v u/] . kf6L{sf dxfdGqL 

8f zzfª\s sf]O/fnfn] kf6L{ 

Pstf cleofgnfO{ d'n'ssf] 

;a} lhNnfdf n}hfg'kg]{ atfpFb} 

nxfg -h;_– cbfntaf6 

d'2fsf] clGtd km};nf gx' Fb} 

x'nfsL /fhdfu{ cGtu{t ;Kt/Lsf] 

sNof0fk'/–a/;fOg–:j0f{k§L ;8s 

v08df ;f]daf/b]lv sfnf]kq ug{ 

yflnPsf] 5 . :j0f{k§L l:yt b]p/L 

( -v_ sf] If]qdf ;e] {If0f gu/L 

gS;fª\sg ePsf] If]qnfO{ 5f]8]/ 

( -s_ df dfq ;8s lgdf{0f ug{ 

yflnPsf] eGb} hUufwgL lhj5 

elgg] wd] {Gb| ;fxn] ut @)&$ 

df3df hgsk'/ pRr cbfntsf] 

/fhlj/fh Ohnf;df bfo/ u/]sf] 

l/6 lgj]bgdf pQm Ohnf;n] ;f] 

7fpFdf tTsfnsf nflu sfdsfh 

gug{ cfb]z hf/L u/]sf] lyof] . 

pQm ;8s lgdf{0fsf] 

7]Ss]bf/ sDkgL lj?4 cbfntdf 

km/s ÷km/s JolQmåf/f tLg j6f 

d'2f bfo/ ul/Psf] lyof] . bfo/ 

ul/Psf tLgj6} d'2fdf cbfntaf6 

clGtd km};nf gx' Fb} 7]Ss]bf/ sDkgL 

lbjf lgdf{0f k|fln sf7df8f} Fn] ;f] 

x]/]/ s;}sf] k/LIff gkg]{ u/L xfdLn] lgjf{rgsf] 

sfof{tflnsf k|sflzt u5f{}F . Æ lqljn] o;cl3 ;a} 

cfª\lus / ;DaGwg k|fKt SofDk;df lgjf{rgsf] 

tof/L ug{ lgb]{zg lbO;s]sf] 5 . lqljsf cfª\lus 

/ ;DaGwg k|fKt u/L s/La Ps xhf/ SofDk;df 

:jljo' lgjf{rg x'g] u/]sf] 5 . b'O{÷b'O{ jif{df ul/g] 

lgjf{rg @)^% otf lqljdf ljBfyL{ ;ª\u7gsf 

sf/0fn] k"0f{¿kdf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . 

@)$& kl5sf=== 

k|s/0fdf ;+nUg tyf s/ 5nL k|s/0fdf 

;+nUgnfO{ klg bl08t ug{'kg]{ atfP . b]z 6'qmØfpg 

vf]Hg] tTjnfO{ s8f sf/jfxL x'g'kg] { cfjZostf 

cf}NofpFb} cWoIf yfkfn] sfnfkfgL, lnk'n]s / 

;':tfnufot If]qdf cltqmldt g]kfnL e"ld lkmtf{ lng 

s\ "6gLlts kxn ug{ / ;g\ !(%) sf] zflGt tyf d}qL 

;lGw k'g/fjnf]sg u/L v'nf ;Ldf Jojl:yt / lgodg 

ug{ klg dfu u/] . /fh;+:yf;lxt ;a} /fhgLlts 

zlQm c6fpg] Joj:yf sfod ug{ cljnDa ;j{kIfLo 

uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng ug{ / ;ª\3Lotfaf/] hgtfsf] k|ToIf 

cledt a'em\g /fli6«o hgdt ;ª\u|x ug{ 'kg] {df klg 

pgn] hf]8 lbP . 

cfpFbf] lgjf{rgdf sfª\u|]; Ps 

gDa/ kf6L{ aGg] ljZjf; JoQm 

u/] . æsfª\u|]; clxn] klg alnof] 

5, cfufdL lbgdf klg alnof] 

/xG5,Æ pgn] eg], ækf6L{leq 

b]lvPsf] u'6–pku'6 cGTo u/L 

ca kf6L{ Psh'6 eP/ cufl8 

a9\5 .Æ s f ª \ u | ] ; s f 

;xdxfdGqL 8f k|sfzz/0f 

dxtn] hgck]Iff cg';f/ jt{dfg 

;/sf/n] sfd ug{ g;s]sf] 

cf/f]k nufP . kf6L{sf k|jQmf 

ljZjk|sfz zdf{n] d'n'snfO{ 

k|hftflGqs af6f]df n}hfg 

sfª\u|];sf] 7"nf] of]ubfg /x]sf] 

rrf{ ub}{ ca kf6L{nfO{ gjLg 

9ª\un] cufl8 a9fpg' h?/L 

/x]sf] atfP . ;/sf/ ck/fwL 

vf]Hg'eGbf ck/fwL hGdfpg 

nfu]sf] cf/f]k nufpFb} pgn] 

cfufdL lgjf{rg lhTg] u/L kf6L{ 

;ª\u7g lj:tf/ ug'{kg]{df hf]8 

lbP . kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo 

;b:o uugs'df/ yfkfn] ;/sf/ 

ug'{kg]{ sfd gu/L gug'{kg]{ 

sfd ul//x]sf] atfpFb} ;/sf/n] 

k|hftflGqs rl/q u'dfPsf] 

cf/f]k nufP . 

æk|wfgdGqLsf] ;kgfdf 

kfgLhxfh, xjfO{hxfh / 

/]n 5, hgtf 5}gg\,Æ pgn] 

eg] . g]kfnL sfª\u|]; /;'jfsf 

;8sdf sfnf]kq]sf] sfd z'? 

u/]sf] xf] . pQm Ohnf;af6 

clGtd km};nf gePsfn] ljjflbt 

;+:yfgnfO{ 5f]8]/ cGo efudf 

sfnf]kq z'? ul/Psf] ;8ssf … 

sG6«ØfS6/ Dofg]h/Ú ljgf]b 

uf}tdn] hfgsf/L lbP . ef/tLo 

l;df;Fu hf]l8Psf] ;Kt/Lsf] af]b] 

a;fOg gukflnsfsf] :j0f{k§Lb]lv 

v8s gu/kflnsfl:yt la;gk'/ 

rf}s;Ddsf] ;f] ;8sdf 

sfnf]kq]sf] sfd z'? ePsf] 

pgn] atfP . 

s/La !& bzdnj @* 

lsnf]ld6/sf] ;f] ;8sdf kg{ 

ahf/ If]qdf !! / ahf/ aflx/ 

;ft ld6/ rf}8fO sfnf]kq] 

ug] { of]hgf adf]lhd :j0f{kl§ 

glhs}af6 sfnf]kq]sf] sfd z'? 

ul/Psf] / r}tdlxgfleq sfd 

;s]/ x:tfGt/0f ul/g] u/L 

sfd eO/x]sf] Dofg]h/ uf}tdsf] 

egfO lyof] . lj;+ @)&^ c;f/ 

;f+;b df]xg cfrfo{n] /;'jfsf] 

ljsf; / ;d[l4sf nflu 

cfkm" nflukg]{ ljZjf; JoQm 

u/] . gofF zlQm g]kfn /;'jfsf 

;+of]hs km'j'{ jfª\bL tfdfªn] 

/;'jfdf x'g] t:s/L, 3';vf]/L / 

e|i6frf/sf] cGTo ub}{ /;'jfsf] 

;du| ljsf;sf nflu cfkm"x?n] 

sfª\u|];;Fu Pstf u/]sf] atfP . 

g]kfnL sfª\u|]; /;'jfsf ;efklt 

k]Dafl5l/ª tfdfª, /;'jf k|b]z 

-v_sf ;f+;b k|eft tfdfª, 

sfª\u|]; /;'jfsf k"j{;efklt 

nfdf sfk'{ tfdfª nufotn] 

g]kfnL sfª\u|]; alnof] eP 

dfq d'n's aGg] atfP . 

sfo{qmddf gofF zlQm kf6L{sf 

lhNnf ;+of]hssf] g]t[Tjdf 

rf/ xhf/eGbf a9L g]tf tyf 

sfo{stf{ sfª\u|]; kf6L{df k|j]z 

u/]sf] lyof] . 

clGtd cfb]z gx'Fb} x'nfsL ;8sdf sfnf]kq] 

wGojfb k|:tfj 

kfl/t 

wgu9L -h;_– ;'b"/klZrd 

k|b]z;efsf] a}7sn] k|wfgdGqL 

s]kL zdf{ cf]nLn] k|b]z;efdf 

u/]sf] ;Daf]wgsf nflu 

wGojfb k|:tfj kfl/t u/]sf] 

5 . k|b]z;ef ejg wgu9Ldf 

;f]daf/ a;]sf] a}7sdf 

k|b]z;ef ;b:o tf/fnfdf 

tfdfªn] ;f] ;DaGwL k|:tfj 

k|:t't u/]sf lyP . k|b]z;ef 

;b:o jL/dfg rf}w/Ln] pQm 

k|:tfjnfO{ ;dy{g u/]sf lyP . 

pBf]u, ko{6g, jg tyf 

jftfj/0fdGqL dfof e§n] 

k|b]zsf] jftfj/0f ;+/If0f 

;DaGwdf Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] 

ljw]os @)&% nfO{ bkmfjf/ 

5nkmnsf nflu cy{ ljsf; 

tyf k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;ldltdf 

k7fOof];\ egL k|:t't u/]sf] 

k|:tfjnfO{ a}7sn] :jLs[t u/]sf] 

5 . k|b]z;efsf] csf]{ a}7s oxL 

kmfu'g !^ ut] laxfg !!M#) 

ah] a:g] 5 . 

@) ut];Dd ;8s lgdf{0f sfo{ 

;DkGg ug{ ] ;Demf}tf eP klg 

@)&% r}tleq} sfd ;lsg] u/L 

tLj| ?kdf ;8s lgdf{0fsf] sfd 

eO/x]sf] 5 

ut )&$ ;fn dª\l;/b]lv 

lgdf{0f z'? ePsf] ;f] ;8sdf 

sfnf]kq] afx]ssf] sfd ;lsPsf] 

5, Dofg]h/ uf}tdn] eg], 

æ;8sdf lgdf{0f ug{ 'kg{ ] ## j6} 

sNe{8 lgdf{0f eO;Sof] clxn] 

Ps xhf/ $)) ld6/ bfFofafFof 

km'6kf6;Fu} gfnf lgdf{0fsf] ;d]t 

clGtdr/0fdf k'u]sf] 5 . Æ tL 

sfd ;s]/ df3 !% ut]b]lv 

;8ssf] sfnf]kq]sf] sfd z'? 

ug{ ] nIo /x]klg cbfntdf k/]sf] 

d'2fsf sf/0f sfnf]kq] ug{ ] sfo{ 

s]xLkl5 ws]lnPsf] Dofg]h/ 

uf}tdsf] egfO lyof] . pQm ;8s 

Eof6 afx]s ? %* s/f]8 tLg 

nfv (& xhf/sf] ] nfutdf lgdf{0f 

ug{ nfluPsf] xf] . 

g]kfn ;/sf/ 

pBf]u dGqfno 

sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{nosf] 

xsbfjL ug{ cfpg] af/]sf] ;"rgf 

o; sfof{nodf ldlt @)^*÷)(÷@! df btf{ ePsf] k|f=ln= g+=*($)$ sf] 

;]k|mf]g Ph's]zgn sG;N6]G;L k|f=ln= gfds sDkgLn] btf{ vf/]hL ul/kfpF elg 

o; sfof{nodf lgj]bg k]z u/]sf] x'Fbf pQm sDkgLn] s;};Fu C0f lnPsf] 

jf ;f] sDkgLsf] s'g} ltg' { a'emfpg' kg] { bfloTj eP k|df0f ;lxt xsbfjLsf] 

nflu #% lbg leq o; sfof{nodf bfjL ug{ cfpg' x'g ;DalGwt ;a}sf] 

hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . tf]lsPsf] Dofb leq 

xsbfjL ug{ gcfPdf pQm sDkgLsf] btf{ lgodfg';f/ vf/]h ul/g]5 . 

g]kfn ;/sf/ 

pBf]u dGqfno 



o; sfof{nodf ldlt @)&#÷)&÷)% df btf{ ePsf] k|f=ln= g+=!%&$(( sf] 

cfp6 8f]/ g]kfn 6«feN;\ k|f=ln= gfds sDkgLn] btf{ vf/]hL ul/kfpF elg o; 

sfof{nodf lgj]bg k]z u/]sf] x'Fbf pQm sDkgLn] s;};Fu C0f lnPsf] jf ;f] 

sDkgLsf] s'g} ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{ bfloTj eP k|df0f ;lxt xsbfjLsf] nflu #% 

lbg leq o; sfof{nodf bfjL ug{ cfpg' x'g ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] 

nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . tf]lsPsf] Dofb leq xsbfjL ug{ 

gcfPdf pQm sDkgLsf] btf{ lgodfg';f/ vf/]h ul/g]5 . 

g]kfn ;/sf/ 

pBf]u dGqfno 



o; sfof{nodf ldlt @)^#÷)!÷!% df btf{ ePsf] k|f=ln= g+=#(@%@ sf] 

lzj zlQm PlShd k|f=ln= gfds sDkgLn] btf{ vf/]hL ul/kfpF elg o; 

sfof{nodf lgj]bg k]z u/]sf] x'Fbf pQm sDkgLn] s;};Fu C0f lnPsf] jf ;f] 

sDkgLsf] s'g} ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{ bfloTj eP k|df0f ;lxt xsbfjLsf] nflu #% 

lbg leq o; sfof{nodf bfjL ug{ cfpg' x'g ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] 

nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . tf]lsPsf] Dofb leq xsbfjL ug{ 

gcfPdf pQm sDkgLsf] btf{ lgodfg';f/ vf/]h ul/g]5 . 

g]kfn ;/sf/ 

pBf]u dGqfno 


sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]hL ul/Psf] ;"rgf 

o; sfof{nodf ldlt @)&!÷)*÷@% df btf{ ePsf] 

k|f=ln=g+=!@($%( sf] Pg=l;=Pr= kmfd]{;L k|f=ln= gfds sDkgL o; 

sfof{nosf] ldlt @)&%÷!)÷@% sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ sDkgL P]g, @)^# 

sf] bkmf !#^-s_ adf]lhd btf{ vf/]h ul/Psf] Aoxf]/f ;DalGwt ;a}sf] 

hfgsf/Lsf nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

pkTosf 

cfwf ;lsof] b/af/ xfO:s"n k'gMlgdf{0f 

sf7df8f}F -h;_– lgwf{l/t 

;dod} sfd ;Sg] u/L 

/fgLkf]v/Ll:yt P]ltxfl;s b/af/ 

xfO:s"n -efg' dfWolds ljBfno_ 

sf] k'gMlgdf{0f %) k|ltzt 

;lsPsf] 5 . rLg ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ 

;xof]udf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] o; 

ejgsf] 7]Ssf lrlgofF sDkgL 

;ª\3fO{ sG;6«S;gn] lnPsf] 

5 . ? *% s/f]8sf] nfutdf 

gf} /f]kgL hdLgdf lgdf{0f ug{ 

nfluPsf] of] ljBfnosf] ejg 

rf/ tn] / $) sIffsf]7f] x'g] 

ePsf] 5 . o; ejgsf] gd"gf 

…rfOgf PleP;g Knflgª P08 

l8hfOlgª OlG:6Ro'6Ún] u/]sf] 

xf] . lgdf{0f Joj:yfks /fh]Gb| 

s];Ln] lgdf{0f z'? ePsf] !( 

dxLgfd} g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ejg 

x:tfGt/0f ug]{ u/L sfd cl3 

al9/x]sf] atfP . 

lj;+ @)&@ df uf]/vf 

e"sDkn] k"0f{?kdf Iflt k'¥ofPsf] 

pQm xfO:s"n sf] k'gMlgdf{0fsf] 

lznfGof; ut ;fpg !* 

ut] ePsf] lyof] . lj;+ !(!) 

df /f0ffsf 5f]/f5f]/L k9fpg 

tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL hª\uaxfb'/ 

/f0ffsf] kfnfdf ;f] ljBfno 

:yfkgf ul/Psf] lyof] . lj;+ 

!(^$ df ;+:s[t k9\gsf nflu 

dfq ;j{;fwf/0fsf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ 

klg v'nf ul/Psf] ;f] ljBfnodf 

@)$* ;fnb]lv cGo ljifo klg 

kfpg] ePsf lyP . lj;+ @)#) 

df /fli6«o lzIff k4lt P]g nfu" 

ePkl5 pQm ljBfno lhNnf 

lzIff sfof{nodfkm{t ;~rfng 

xF'b} cfPsf] 5 . clxn] ljBfno 

lgdf{0f ubf{ aflx/L cfj/0f 

o;cl3sf] h:t} b]lvP klg leq 

cfw'lgs ;fdu|L k|of]u ul/g] 

atfOPsf] 5 . s]xL rLgsf / 

s]xL g]kfnsf ;fdu|L lgdf{0fdf 

k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 . 

z'?df lgdf{0f ubf{ df6f], 

OF6f / ;'vL{, df6f] / r'gf k|of]u 

ePsfdf dd{tdf eg] l;d]G6 

k|of]u ul/Psf] lyof] . k'/fgf] 

ljBfno eP klg kl5Nnf] ;do 

klxn] hltsf] dxTj clxn] 

gePsf] ljBfnon] :jLsf/]sf] 5 . 

klxn] ;DkGg kl/jf/sf 5f]/f5f]/L 

cWoog ub}{ cfP klg kl5Nnf] 

;do >ldssf 5f]/f5f]/L dfq 

ljBfnodf cWoog ug{ cfpg] 

u/]sf] ;+:s[t dfljsf k|fWofks 

ab|L bfxfnn] atfP . ;f] ejgdf 

;+:s[t dflj klg ;~rflnt 

lyof] . xfn tL b'j} ljBfnodf 

u/L #)) ljBfyL{ cWoog/t 

/ #% lzIfs sfo{/t 5g\ . tL 

ljBfyL{nfO{ clxn] jfNdLls 

ljBfkL7sf] vfnL :yfgdf 6x/f 

agfP/ k7gkf7g u/fOPsf] 5 . 

nfdf] 

;do 

sf7df8f}F dxfgu/kflnsf / 

k'/ftTj ljefuaLr gS;fkf;sf] 

pkTosfdf xg{ sf/jfxL M Ps} 

lbg !&! ;jf/L;fwg sf/jfxLdf 

sf7df8f}F -h;_– 6«flkms 

k|x/Ln] hyfefjL?kdf xg{ ahfP/ 

u'8\g] ;jf/L ;fwgdfly sf/jfxL 

a9fPsf] 5 . dxfgu/Lo 6«flkms 

k|x/L dxfzfvfn] pkTosfleq 

Wjlg k|b"if0fsf] ;d:of 

uDeL/?kn] a9]kl5 hyfefjL xg{ 

ahfP/ u'8\g] ;jf/L ;fwgdfly 

sf/jfxL a9fPsf] xf] . dxfzfvfn] 

cfOtaf/ dfq !&! ;jf/ 

L;fwgnfO{ sf/jfxL u/]sf] 5 . 

Wjlg k|b"if0fn] >j0f zlQmdf x|f; 

x'g], /Qmrfk a9\b} hfg], x[bo3ft 

x'g], kIf3ft x'g], Zjf;k|Zjf; 

g]kfn lkmkmf–!( 

RoflDkoglzk laxLaf/b]lv 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–u]ldª 

Uof/]h g]kfnsf] cfof]hgfdf 

k|ljlwsf] ;xfotfn] v]lng] 

lel8of] u]d …g]kfn lkmkmf–!( 

RoflDkoglzkÚ o;} 

xKtfb]lv ;~rfng x'g] 

ePsf] 5 . oxL kmfu'g !^ 

b]lv !( ut];Dd cfof]hgf 

x'g] pQm k|ltof]utfdf 

s/La kfFr ;o v]nf8Ln] 

k|lt:kwf{ ug]{ ;f]daf/ 

oxfF cfof]lht kqsf/ 

;Dd]ngdf cfof]hssf 

bLkGs/ 8ª\uf]nn] hfgsf/L 

lbP . pQm k|ltof]utfsf] 

ljh]tfn] ? Ps nfv %) 

xhf/ tyf pkljh]tfn] ? &% 

k|0ffnLdf c;/ x'g], :d/0f 

zlQmdf sdL cfpg], czQm, 

afnaflnsf, Ho]i7 gful/s / 

ue{jtL dlxnfnfO{ a9L c;/ 

x'g] ePsfn] sf/jfxLnfO{ tLj|tf 

lbPsf] xf] . dxfzfvfsf k|d'v 

Pj+ k|x/L jl/i7 pk/LIfs j;Gt 

kGtn] pkTosfjf;Lsf] :jf:YonfO{ 

Wofgdf /fvL vt/fgfs 3'DtLafx]s 

cGo :yfgdf xg{ k"0f{?kdf lgif]w 

ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lbP . æWjlgsf] 

u'0f:t/;DaGwL /fli6«o dfkb08 

@)^( ljk/Lt Wjlg k|b"if0f 

ug] { ;jf/L;fwgnfO{ cfoftdf 

xhf/ kfpg]5g\ . To:t} t];|f] 

x'g]n] ? #) xhf/ / rf}yf]n] 

? bz xhf/ k'/:sf/ k|fKt 

ug]{5g\ eg] Sjf6{/kmfOgndf 

k'Ug] 6f]nLn] ? kfFr xhf/ 

/ lk|Sjf6{/ kmfOgndf 

k'Ug]n] ? b'O{ xhf/ k'/:sf/ 

kfpg]5g\ . pQm k|ltof]lutf 

sf7df8f}Fl:yt l;len dndf 

;~rfng x'g]]5 . 

o:t} cf7f}F /fli6«o 

v]ns"b k|ltof]utfsf nflu 

k|b]z g+ # af6 ;xefuL 

x'g] k'?if af:s]6an 

6f]nLsf] 6'ª\uf] nfu]sf] 

5 . 5gf]6 x'g] afx| ;b:oLo 

6f]nLdf sf7df8f}Fsf 5, 

g} /f]s nufpg cg'/f]w;d]t 

u/]sf 5f} FÆ, pgn] eg] . o;cl3 

pkTosfdf lj;+ @)&$ j}zfv 

! b]lv pkTosfnfO{ xg{ lgif]w 

If]q 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm 

3f]if0ff w]/}dfqfdf nfu" eP klg 

k"0f{?kdf eg] nfu" ePsf] 5}g . 

dxfzfvfn] xfn;Dd pkTosfdf 

hyfefjL xg{ ahfpg] #) xhf/ 

$^* ;jf/L;fwgnfO{ sf/jfxL 

ul/;s]sf] 5 . dxfzfvfn] Wjlg 

k|b"if0f u/]afkt Pp6f ;jf/ 

L;fwgaf6 ? %)) sf/jfxL:j?k 

lnFb} cfPsf] 5 . 

nlntk'/sf rf/ tyf 

eQmk'/ / sfe|]sf Ps–Ps 

v]nf8L 5gf]6 ePsf k|b]z # 

v]ns"b kl/ifb\sf sfof{no 

k|d'v nLnf/fd a:g]tn] 

hfgsf/L lbP . 5gf]6 x'g]df 

sf7df8f}Fsf ;bLz k|wfg, 

ljqmd 8ª\uf]n, djLGb| 

e08f/L, ljgf]b >]i7, ljqmd 

hf]zL / dgLif s];L 5g\ . 

To;}u/L nlntk'/af6 sdf{ 

u'?ª, clgn v8\uL, ;~ho 

Jo~hGsf/ -s_ / ;~ho 

Ao~hGsf/ -v_ 5gf]6 ePsf 

5g\ eg] eQmk'/sf dg]z 

/fhf]kfWofo tyf sfe|]sf 

dgf]h s];L 5g\ . 

ljifodf s'/f gldn]sfn] e"sDk 

uPsf] tLg jif{kl5dfq} o; 

ljBfnosf] k'gMlgdf{0fsf] sfd 

z'? ePsf] xf] . clxn]sf] 

k'gMlgdf{0fsf] k|ultnfO{ x]g]{ xf] 

eg] lgwf{l/t ;dodf g} sfd 

;Sg] kSsf ePsf] Joj:yfks 

s];Ln] hfgsf/L lbP . pgsf 

cg';f/ lgdf{0fsf nflu clxn] 

g]kfnL / lrlgofF u/L b}lgs 

!@) n] sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . 

b'O{ efudf ljefhg u/L lgdf{0f 

sfo{ ul/Psfdf xfn;Dd tLg 

j6f 9nfgsf] sfd ;lsPsf] / 

ca s]xL 9nfg / ;fh;Hhfsf] 

sfd afFsL ePsf] pgsf] egfO 

lyof] . 

ufleg] tof/Ldf efg' / 

;+:s[lt dflj 

sfdkfsf lzIff ljefu 

k|d'v ;Ltf/fd sf]O/fnfsf 

cg';f/ efg' / ;+:s[lt dfljnfO{ 

Psfk;df ufeL efg'–;+:s[lt 

dfWolds ljBfno -b/af/ xfO 

:s"n_ agfpg] tof/L ul/Psf] 

5 . Pp6f dflj ;~rfng 

x'gsf nflu u|fdL0f If]qsf] 

k|To]s sIffdf $) / zx/df %% 

ljBfyL{ /xg'kg]{ sfg"gL Joj:yf 

/x] klg oL b'j} ljBfnodf 

o; lsl;dsf] ;do:of 5}g . 

o;cl3 klg Pp6} ejgdf 

k7gkf7g u/fO/x]sf oL 

b'O{ ljBfnodf sd ljBfyL{] 

;ª\Vof / cGo Joj:yfkgsf] 

kf6f]nfO{ ;d]t b[li6ut u/L 

o; lsl;dsf] cEof; ug{ 

nfluPsf] xf] . k|d'v sf]O/fnfn] 

o; ljifodf dGqfno;Fu klg 

;sf/fTds 5nkmn eO/x]sf] 

klg atfP . lrlgofF ;/sf/;Fu 

e"sDksf sf/0f cltk|efljt 

!$ lhNnfsf Ps–Ps / cGo 

tLg lhNNffdf u/L !& ljBfno 

lgdf{0f ug]{ ;xdlt ePsf] 

lyof] . uf]vf{ e"sDksf sf/0f 

;ft xhf/ %)) ljBfnodf 

Iflt k'u]sf] / xfn;Dd tLg 

xhf/ ^)) ljBfno ejg 

lgdf{0f eO;s]sf] /fli6«o 

k'gMlgdf{0f k|flws/0fn] 

hgfPsf]] 5 . 

kf]v/]nsf] lgwgn] g]kfnL efiff, 

;flxTo / /fi6«nfO{ Iflt 

sf7df8f}F -h;_– g]kfn k|1f–k|lti7fgn] g]kfnL efiff ;flxTosf 

d"w{Go JolQmTj k|f afns[i0f kf]v/]nsf] lgwgn] g]kfnL efiff, ;flxTodf 

/ /fi6«nfO{ g} ck"/0fLo Iflt k'u]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . k|lti7fgsf s'nklt 

uª\ufk|;fb pk|]tLn] cfOtaf/ k|]; lj1lKt hf/L u/L k|lti7fgsf 

k"j{k|f1 kl/ifb\ ;b:o Pj+ xfn cfhLjg ;b:o kf]v/]nsf] lgwgn] 

k|lti7fg kl/jf/ cToGt b'MvL ePsf] pNn]v ub}{ pgLk|lt >4f~hln 

ck{0fsf ;fy zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf ;dj]bgf JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . 

efiffzf:qLo cWoog–cg';Gwfgsf ;fy} ;flxlTos l;h{gf, ;dfnf]rgf 

tyf dfjgzf:qLo Oltxf; / ;+:s[ltsf] cGj]if0fsf If]qdf dxTjk"0f{ 

of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf kf]v/]nsf] cfOtaf/ lj/f6gu/l:yt gf]a]n 

c:ktfndf pkrf/sf qmddf lgwg ePsf] lyof] . 

lk|o+sf / cfo'zdfg cleofgsdL{df lgo'Qm 

sf7df8f}F -h;_– gflosf lk|o+sf sfsL{ / gfos cfo'idfg 

b]z/fh hf]zL :jR5 jftfj/0f dxfcleofgsf] cleofgsdL{ lgo'Qm 

ePsf 5g\ . jg tyf jftfj/0f dGqfnosf] oxL kmfu'g & a;]sf] 

dlGq:t/Lo lg0f{on] pgLx¿nfO{ cleofgsdL{ lgo'Qm u/]sf] hgfOPsf] 

5 . b]ze/ :jR5 jftfj/0f agfpg hgr]tgfsf] sfo{qmd ug'{kg]{ 

lhDd]jf/L kfPsf cleofgsdL{åonfO{ dGqfnon] Ps jif{sf nflu ;f] 

lgo'lQm lbPsf] xf] . s]xL ;ftfcl3 dfq ;fdflhs sfddf of]ubfg 

k'¥ofpg] p2]Zosf ;fy cfoª\sf kmfpG8]zg btf{ u/]sf pgLx¿n] pQm 

dxfcleofgsf] cleofgsdL{sf] ?kdf cfkm"nfO{ kfpFbf v'zL nfu]sf] 

atfpFb} lbOPsf] lhDd]jf/L lgi7fk"j{s ;DkGg ug]{ k|lta4tf;d]t 

JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . 

kmfu'g !( ut]b]lv cZjd]w dxfo1 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–jL/u~hsf] cfbz{gu/ /ª\uzfnfdf oxL kmfu'g 

!( ut]b]lv cZjd]w ufoqL dxfo1 cfof]hgf x'g] ePsf] 5 . cZjd]w 

ufoqL dxfo1 d"n cfof]hs ;ldltn] ;f]daf/ oxfF kqsf/ ;Dd]ng 

u/]/ of] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] xf] . clvn ljZj ufoqL kl/jf/ / 

jL/u~h dxfgu/kflnsfsf] ;xof]udf wfld{s, cfWoflTds, ;fdflhs 

;ª\3÷;+:yfx?sf] ;xeflutfdf @%! s'08Lo o1zfnf :yfkgf u/L 

dxfo1 x'g] cfof]hsn] hgfPsf] 5 . kmfu'g @! ut] cZjd]w o1 

tyf ;fFem Ps nfv aQLsf] bLk dxfo1 x'g]5 . oxL kmfu'g @@ ut] 

o1 ;+:sf/ tyf cZjd]w k"0ff{x'lt lbg] sfo{qmd 5 . d"n cfof]hs 

;ldltsf cWoIf tyf u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;ª\3 -Pgcf/PgP_ sf 

;+:yfks cWoIf 8f pk]Gb| dxtf]n] of] o1 cfof]hgf ug'{sf d'Vo 

p2]Zo tkf]e"ld tyf b]j e"ldsf ?kdf kl/lrt g]kfnnfO{ ljZjdf 

lrgfpg' /x]sf] atfP . pgn] g]kfn cWoflTds tyf ;f+:s[lts ?kdf 

wgL 5 eg] . 

@)&% kmfu'g !$ ut], d+unjf/ 


5 :yfgdf cfsfz] k'n c;f/;Dd ;lsg] 

sf7df8f}F -h;_– lrlgofF 

;/sf/n] lgdf{0f ;DkGg u/]sf] 

sf]6]Zj/–snª\sL ;8sdf yk 

5 :yfgdf cfsfz] k'n lgdf{0f 

cfufdL c;f/;Dddf ;DkGg 

ug{] nIosf ;fy sfd eO/x]sf] 

5 . lrlgofF lgdf{0f sDkgLn] 

tLg 7fpFdf k'n lgdf{0f ;DkGg 

u/]sfdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] yk 

5 7fpFdf cfsfz]k'nsf] lgdf{0f 

ul//x]sf] xf] . lrlgofF lgdf{0f 

sDkgLn] sf]6]Zj/, afu8f]n / 

Ujfsf{] u/]/ tLg :yfgdf k'n 

lgdf{0f ;DkGg u/]sf] sf7df8f}F 

rqmky ;'wf/ of]hgfn] atfPsf] 

5 . ;8s ljefun] afns'df/L, 

;ftbf]af6f], PsfGts'gf, ;fg]kf, 

aNv' / dxfnIdL:yfgdf 7]Ssf 

;Demf}tfdfkm{t\ cfsfz] k'n 

lgdf{0f ug{ nfu]sf] of]hgfn] 

atfPsf] 5 . 

;/sf/n] cfsfz] k'n lgdf{0f 

ug{ nfu]sf] 5 7fpFdWo] kfFr 

7fpFdf 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf eO;s]/ 

sfd eO/x]sf] Ol~hgLo/ 

lg/~hg zdf{ cof{nn] 

atfP . pgsf cg';f/ kfFr 

7fpFdf sfd eO/x]sf] 5 eg] 

dxfnIdL:yfgdf l5§} 7]Ssf 

;Demf}tf x'g]5 . pgn] eg], 

æsfd eO/x]sf 7fpFdf s'g} 

klg cj/f]w gePsfn] ;dodf 

g} ;lsPnf . Æ bz lsnf]ld6/ 

nDafOsf] of] ;8sdf lrlgofF 

;/sf/n] lgdf{0f u/]sf] tLg 

cfsfz] k'n kof{Kt gePsf] 

pTs[i6 rnlrqsf] cjf8{ ‘8fOª Sof08n’ nfO{ 

sf7df8f}+-h;_– …bf];|f] 

g]kfn cGt/f{li6«o rnlrq 

dxf]T;jÚ ;f]daf/ oxfF 

;DkGg eof] . g]kfn rnlrq 

tyf ;f+:s[lts k|lti7fgsf] 

cfof]hgfdf ut laxLaf/af6 z'? 

ePsf] dxf]T;jdf pTs[i6 syf 

rnlrqsf] cjf8{ …8fOª Sof08nÚ 

-lgAbf] d}gjQL_ n] xft kf/]sf] 

5 . g/]zs'df/ s];Låf/f lgb]{lzt 

pQm rnlrqnfO{ pkk|wfg tyf 

/IffdGqL O{Zj/ kf]v/]nn] gub 

? %) xhf/;lxt pQm cjf8{ 

k|bfg u/]sf x'g\ . o;}u/L s];Ln] 

g} pTs[i6 syf lgb]{zssf] ;d]t 

cjf8{ kfpg' ePsf] lyof] . pTs[i6 

:qmLg rnlrq cjf8{ lzjd\ 

clwsf/Låf/f lgb]{lzt …k~rfotÚ 

rnlrqn] k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . 5f]6f] 

rnlrqdWo]af6 z]gfª\u UofDhf] 

tfdfªåf/f lgb]{lzt rnlrq 

…;'k/df]ªsÚ pTs[i6 ePsf] 

5 . o:t} 5f]6f] rnlrqaf6 

pTs[i6 lgb]{zssf] cjf8{ …db/Ú 

rnlrqsf lgb]{zs kl/R5]b 

;]gn] k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . 

o;}u/L cGt/f{li6«otkm{ 

5f]6f] rnlrqdf aª\unfb]zsf] … 

ldg cNofkÚ pTs[i6 ePsf] 5 . 

;'j0f{ ;]Gh'l6 t'N;Låf/f lgb]{lzt 

pQm rnlrqn] gub ? %) xhf/ 

k|fKt u/]sf] lyof] . o:t} pTs[i6 

syf rnlrq l;ª\ufk'/sf] …b 

Nof08 Od]hÚn] k|fKt u/]sf] 

5 . dxf]T;jsf] ;dfkg cj;/df 

pkk|wfg tyf /IffdGqL kf]v/]nn] 

dxf]T;jn] d'n'ssf] /fli6«o Pstf 

/ ljljwtfnfO{ hf]8\g] atfP . 

pgn] o:tf dxf]T;jn] ljleGg 

d'n'ssf] ;f+:s[lts / s'6gLlts 

If]qnfO{ glhs Nofpg ;xof]u 

k'¥ofpg] atfpFb} ;dfhdf st} 

g;'lgPsf / gb]lvPsf s'/fnfO{ 

rnlrqn] snfsf] dfWodaf6 

k|:km'6g u/fpg'kg]{ wf/0ff JoQm 

u/] . pkk|wfgdGqL kf]v/]nn] 

# 

eGb} ;/sf/n] 5 7fpFdf k'n 

lgdf{0f z'? u/]sf] lyof] . oL 5 

cfsfz] k'n lgdf{0f ;lsPkl5 

rqmkysf] o; v08df d'Vod'Vo 

;a} rf]sdf cfsfz]k'n x'g] 

cfof]hgfn] atfPsf] 5 . 

rf/ jif{ klxn] lgdf{0f 

z'? ePsf] of] ;8s ut 

dª\l;/ @( df lgdf{0f ;DkGg 

ePsf] lyof] . sf7df8f}Fl:yt 

lrlgofF b"tfjf;n] ut df3df 

;/sf/nfO{ ;8s x:tfGt/0f 

u/]sf] lyof] . rqmkys} 

bf];|f] v08 snª\sLb]lv 

dxf/fhu~h;Ddsf] lj:t[t 

kl/of]hgf k|ltj]bg -l8lkcf/_ 

lrlgofF kIfn] tof/ ul/;s]sf] 

cof{nn] atfP . 

b]z / >dsf] ;Ddfg, cfkm\gf] 

;+:s[ltsf] klxrfg / d'n'snfO{ 

Pstfdf afWg] vfnsf rnlrq 

x'g'kg]{df hf]8 lbb}+ ;/sf/n] 

sfg"g / ;+/rgf lgdf{0fdf 

l9nf] gx'g] u/L sfd ul//x]sf] 

hfgsf/L lbP . g]kfnsf nflu 

aflh|nsf /fhb"t dfl/of 6]/];f 

d]:s'/f k];f]cfn] o:tf dxf]T;jn] 

ljleGg b]zsf] ;f+:s[lts 

PstfnfO{ glhs Nofpg] atfP . 

kfFr lbg;Dd /fli6«o ;efu[xdf 

;~rfng ePsf] dxf]T;jdf 

g]kfn;lxt aª\unfb]z, rLg, 

ef/t, cd]l/sf, hfkfg, l;ª\ufk'/, 

dn]l;of, lkmlnlkG;nufot #) 

b]zsf 5f]6f / nfdf rnlrqn] 

efu lnPsf] k|lti7fgsf cWoIf 

s]kL kf7sn] hfgsf/L lbP . 

pgn] ljleGg ^)) rnlrqaf6 

^) j6f pTs[i6 rnlrqnfO{ 

k|bz{gdf /flvPsf] hfgsf/L 

lbP . 

‘aL’ l8lehg lnu M rf/ Sna clGtd rf/df 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–clvn 

g]kfn km'6an ;ª\3 -PGkmf_sf] 

cfof]hgfdf eO/x]sf] zxLb 

:df/s …aLÚ l8lehg lnusf] 

klxnf] r/0fsf v]n ;f]daf/b]lv 

;lsPsf 5g\ . klxnf] r/0fsf] 

v]nkl5 ;d"x …PÚaf6 b'O{ / ;d"x 

…aLÚaf6 b"O{ u/L s"n rf/ Sna 

clGtd r/0fdf 5gf]6 ePsf 

5g\ . ;f]daf/ PGkmf d}bfgdf 

ePsf] v]ndf gofFj:tL o'jf 

SnanfO{ #–! n] k/flht ub}{ 

;ftbf]af6f] o'y Sna ;d"x …PÚ sf] 

ljh]tf aGb} csf]{ r/0fdf k'u]sf] 

5 . ;d"x …PÚ df ;ftbf]af6f]n] 

!! cª\s hf]8\bf cf/l;6L cf7 

cª\s;lxt bf];|f] x'Fb} csf]{ r/0f 

k'u]sf] 5 . 

;ftbf]af6f]sf nflu lg/h 

dxh{g, ljdn s];L, /d]z 

s'df/ /fhj+zLn] uf]n u/] . 

gofFa:tLsf nflu ;fhg /fO{n] 

uf]n u/]sf lyP . ;f]daf/} 

ePsf] csf]{ v]ndf v'dn6f/n] 

afF;af/LnfO{ @–! n] k/flht 

u¥of] . ;d"x …aLÚaf6 6';fn 

!! cª\s;lxt klxnf] / >L 

eujtL !) cª\s hf]8]/ bf];|f] 

x'Fb} clGtd r/0fdf k'u]sf 

5g\ . ca clGtd r/0fdf rf/ 

SnaaLr lnu v]n x'g]5 . 

h;df k|To]s Snan] tLg v]n 

v]Ng]5g\ . o;af6 w]/} cª\s 

hf]8\g] Sna RoflDkog aGg]5 . 

klxnf] r/0fsf] cª\s clGtd 

r/0fdf ghf]l8g] PGkmfn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . afx| …aLÚ Sna] 

;xeflutf ghgfPsf] pQm 

k|ltof]lutfdf ;d"x ÚPÚ df 

emlD;v]n o'jf Sna, cf/l;6L, 

>Ls'df/L Sna, ;ftbf]af6f] 

o'y Sna, gofFa:tL o'jf Sna 

/ AjfOh o'lgog Sna /x]sf 

5g\ .o:t} ;d'x ÚaLÚ df 6';fn, 

k'Nrf]s, dWok'/ o'y Pzf]l;Pzg, 

v'dn6f/ o'jf Sna / >L eujtL 

Sna 5g\ . lnusf] ljh]tfn] ? 

cf7 nfv kfpg] 5 . pkljh]tfn] 

? kfFr nfv, t];|f] x'g]n] ? tLg 

nfv / rf}yf] x'g] 6f]nLn] ? b'O{ nfv 

kfpg]5g\ . lnu /]lnu]zglagfsf] 

x'g] lnu lgb]{zs ;l~hj 

ld>n] hfgsf/L lbP . …PÚ 

l8lehg lnu u/]nuQ} PGkmfn] 

…laÚ l8lehg km'6an lnu 

cfof]hgf ug{ nfu]sf] xf] . …PÚ 

l8lehg lnu;d]t /]lnu]zg 

lagfsf] u/]sf] PGkmfn] …laÚ 

l8lehg klg /]lnu]zglagfs} 

ug{ nfu]sf] 5 .


Tuesday 26 February 2019 

;DkfbsLo 

hgtfnfO{ ;f:tL gxf]; 

s]xL jif{otf sf7df8f}+ w"nf]d}nf] / k|b"if0fsf] pRr rk]6fdf 

5 . b]zsf] /fhwfgL / dxfgu/sf] cj:yf kl5Nnf] ;do d]nDrL 

vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfsf] kfOk uf8g] qmd rn];Fu} yk ljs/fn ag]sf] xf] . 

hgtfn] d]nDrLsf] kfgL pkef]u ug{ kfpFnfg gkfpFnfg Tof] clxn];Dd 

clglZrt 5 . t/, d]nDrLn] ;[hgf ePsf] k|b'if0fn] eg] nfvf}+ hgtf 

g/fd|/L k|efljt ePsf 5g\ . o:tf]df ljB'tLo b'3{6gfsf] hf]lvd Go"g 

ub}{, zx/sf] ;f}Gbo{ a9fpg] nIosf ;fy g]kfn ljB't\ k|flws/0fn] 

sf7df8f}F pkTosfsf] k|zf/0f k|0ffnLnfO{ e"ldut ug]{ eg]sf] 5 . o;;Fu} 

sf7df8f}+af;Lx?df yk w'nf] / k|b"if0fsf] rk]6fdf kl/g] xf] ls eGg] 

lrGtf klg a9]sf] 5 . ;+;f/e/ g} zx/L If]qdf ljB't\ ljt/0f tyf 

k|;f/0f k|0ffnL e"ldut ul/Psf] 5 . zx/sf] cfÇg} ;f}Gbo{ x'G5 . 

htftt} ljB't\ / 6]lnkmf]gsf tf/sf sf/0f zx/ s'?k dfq} ag]sf] 5}g, 

b'3{6gfsf] hf]lvd ;d]t plQs} a9fPsfn] k|;f/0f tyf ljt/0f k|0ffnL 

e"ldut ug{ nfu]sf] k|flws/0fsf] egfO 5 . 

kSs} klg of] k|z+zfof]Uo sfd xf] . t/, of] sfd ubf{ hgtfn] clxn] 

ef]lu/x]h:tf] ;f:tL gkfpg eGg]df k|flws/0fn] Wofg k'/\ofpg'k5{ . 

x'g t k|flws/0fn] ;8s vGbf ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ w]/} ;f:tL v]Kg gk/f];\ 

eg]/ …xf]/fOh]G6g 8fO/]S;gn l8«lnªÚ k|ljlw ckgfOg] eg]sf] 5 . of] 

k|ljlw ckgfpFbf s]xL ld6/sf] b"/Ldf b'O{ vfN8f vg]/ aLrdf e"ldut 

t/Lsfn] g} tf/;lxtsf] kfOk xfNg ;lsGf] k|flws/0fsf]= egfO 5 . kSs} 

klg o;n] sf7df8f}+nfO{ yk k|b'lift aGg sd ug]{ cfzf ug{ ;lsG5 . 

clxn] k|flws/0fn] klxnf] r/0fdf sf7df8f}Fsf] dxf/fhu~h / /Tgkfs{ 

ljt/0f s]Gb|cGtu{tsf If]qdf lah'nLsf] tf/nfO{ e"ldut tyf ljt/0f 

k|0ffnLnfO{ :jrflnt ug{ lgdf{0f Joj;foL 5gf]6 u/]sf] 5 . tL 

ljt/0f s]Gb|cGtu{tsf] ljB't\sf] tf/nfO{ e"ldut ug{ ;a}eGbf sd /sd 

af]nsaf]n ug]{ ef/tLo sDkgL s]OcfO OG8«li6«h lnld6]8 5gf]6 ePsf] 

5 . k|flws/0fn] oxL kmfu'g ^ ut] af]nkqsf] gtLhf ;fj{hlgs ub}{ 

5gf]6 ePsf] sDkgLnfO{ sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt;lxt v/Lb ;Demf}tfsf 

nflu cfpg kqfrf/ u/]sf] 5 . sDkgLn] ;"rgf hf/L ePsf] @* lbgleq 

sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt;lxt 7]Ssf ;Demf}tfsf nflu cfpg' kg]{ Joj:yf 

5 . sDkgL;Fu dxf/fhu~h ljt/0f s]Gb|cGtu{tsf] sfdsf s/La ? 

tLg ca{ ^) s/f]8df 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf x'g]5 . sDkgLn] /Tgkfs{ ljt/0f 

s]Gb|cGtu{tsf] sfd s/La ? tLg ca{ !@ s/f]8 !% nfvdf ;DkGg 

ug]{5 . dWo tyf pQ/ sf7df8f}F -dxf/fhu~h_sf cfof]hgfdf sDkgLn] 

sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt NofPkl5 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf x'g]5 . cfof]hgfsf cg';f/ 

7]Ssf ;Demf}tfsf ;Dk"0f{ k|lqmof k"/f u/L cfufdL h]7b]lv sfd ug]{ 

nIo to ul/Psf] / sDkgLn] 7]Ssf sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] #) dlxgfleq 

sfd ;Sg' kg]{5 . 

k|flws/0fn] o;cl3 cg'dflgt nfuteGbf dxFuf] b/ cfPkl5 

k'/fgf] 7]Ssf /2 u/L gofF k|lqmof z'? u/]sf] lyof] . klxnf] r/0fdf 

sf7df8f}Fsf] k"j{ tyf blIf0fdf kg]{ afuahf/, c;g, b/af/dfu{ nufot 

/Tgkfs{ ljt/0f s]Gb|n] ;d]6]sf If]q / dWo tyf pQ/sf afn'jf6f/, 

uf]ª\ua', ;fdfv';L nufotsf dxf/fhu~h ljt/0f s]Gb| cGtu{tsf 

If]qdf kg]{ ljB't\ ljt/0f k|0ffnLnfO{ e"ldut tyf :jrflnt agfpg 

nfluPsf] k|flws/0fn] hgfPsf] 5 . 7]s]bf/ sDkgLn] e"ldut ljt/0f 

k|0ffnLsf] l8hfOg, ;dfg cfk"lt{, h8fg / ;~rfng ug'{ kg]{5 . klxnf] 

r/0fdf dxf/fhu~h / / Tgkfs{ ljt/0f s]Gb|sf d'Vo ;8sdf !! 

s]eL / $)) ef]N6sf k|0ffnLnfO{ e"ldut / :jrflnt …c6f]d];gÚ ul/g] 

/ k|;f/0f nfOg e"ldut ul/P;Fu} tL ljt/0f s]Gb|cGtu{tsf s/La () 

xhf/ u|fxssf 3/df :df6{ ld6/ h8fg ul/g] pNn]v . :df6{ ld6/ 

h8fg ePkl5 ld6/ l/8/ ;d]t grflxg] / u|fxsn] s] slt dfqfdf 

ljB't\ k|of]u ug]{ xf] cfkm}F lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . ljt/0f k|0ffnLnfO{ 

e"ldut ug{'sf ;fy} clK6sn kmfOa/ laR5fpg] / lah'nL ljt/0fsf] 

tYofª\s /fVg a]Un} s]Gb| :yfkgf x'g] tyf ;f]xL s]Gb|n] u|fxssf] ;Dk"0f{ 

ultljlwsf af/]df hfgsf/L /fVg]5 . bf];|f] r/0fdf cGo dxfgu/kflnsf 

/ pkdxfgu/kflnsfdf ;d]t e"ldut nfOg lj:tf/ ul/g] elgPsf] 5 . 

kSs} klg of] ;sf/fTds / ;fdlos sfo{ xf] . o;df k|flws/0fnfO{ 

;kmntf k|fkt xf]; . t/, of] sfd x'Fb} ubf{ hgtfn] eg] ;f:tL / ;s; 

em]Ng gk/f]; . ;DalGwtsf] Wofg k'uf]; . 

/flzkmn 

d]if 

j[if 

ldy'g 

ss{6 

l;+x 

sGof 

t'nf 

j[lZrs 

wg' 

ds/ 

s'De 

dLg 

Hof]= k+= s]bf/k|;fb e08f/L 

(*$!(##)$%÷(*!*#@%&#% 

sLlt{k'/, sf7df8f}+ 

kfl/jfl/s emd]nf 

;fdflohs sfo{ 

jfbjLafb 

dg cl:y/ 

z}lIfs sfo{df ;kmn 

Jofkf/df 3f6f 

sfd aGg] 

ckJoo 

af]lndf k|efj 

nufgLsf] ;do 

z'e ;dfrf/ 

dgM wgvr{ 

cg'/f]w 

xfd|f] k|of; tkfO{+nfO{ s:tf] nflu/x]sf] 5 < tkfO{sf u'gf;f], cfnf]rgf 

/ ;'emfjn] hg;jfnnfO{ :t/Lo aGg / ;xL af6f]df lxF8\g ;xof]u ug]{5 . 

To;}n] xfdL tkfO{+sf] /rgfTds cfnf]rgf / cd"No ;'emfjsf] ck]Iff 

u5f}{+, s[kof n]v]/ xfdLnfO{ k7fpg'xf];\ . n]Vg'xf];\, d'n'ssf ;d;fdlos 

36gfqmdk|ltsf] cfk\mgf] k|ltlqmof, n]v /rgf;Fu} cfk\mgf] :ki6 kl/ro / 

tl:a/ klg tnsf] 7]ugfdf k7fpg' xf]nf . 

E-mail : janasawalnews@gmail .com 

s]Gb|af6 sfof{no k|d'v eP/ s0ff{nL 

cfpg] /fi6«;]js sd{rf/Lx¿ oxfF k'u]/ 

;]jf lbg'nfO{ …k]lnP/ cfpg'k/]sf]Ú 7fG5g\ . 

s0ff{nL cfpg] /fi6«;]js sd{rf/L zlSt 

/ kx'Fr gePsf sdhf]/ x'g\ eGg] w]/}sf] 

a'emfO 5 . of] e|d cfh klg 5 . . Psy/Ln] 

s0ff{nLdf cfpg] sd{rf/Lx¿ ;hfo sf6\g 

cfPsf xf]nfg\ egL c8\sn sf6\5g\ t 

csf]{y/Ln] lxdfnL lhNnfdf ;]jf u/] gDa/ 

a9\5 / cGttM j[lt ljsf;df ;xof]u k'U5 

eGg] 7fG5g\ . s0ff{nL hfg] lgb]{zg kfpg] 

lalQs} w]/} /fi6«;]js sd{rf/L x/]z vfG5g\ . 

;s];Dd s0ff{nL hfg' gk/f];\ eGg] pgLx¿sf] 

dgf]sfª\Iff x'G5 h'g tYonfO{ ;ª\3Lo 

;+/rgf;Dd d'n's cfOk' \Ubf klg s0ff{nL 

k|b]zsf] cefju|:t hgzlStsf] tYofª\sn] 

bzf{O/x]sf] 5 . 

s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] dGqfnout 

hgzlStdfly lgofNbf pknAw b/aGbLdf 

%) k|ltzt eGbf a9L sd{rf/Lsf] clxn] 

cefj b]vfk5{ . emg} ;dfof]hgdf :yfgLo 

txsf sd{rf/Ln] klg klxnf] ;ª\3, bf];|f] # 

g+ k|b]z / t];|f]df ;ª\3 cGtu{ts} k|b]z / 

lhNnf /f]Hg] dgf]j[ltn] s0ff{nL k|fyldstfdf 

gk/]sf] k|i6 x'G5 . o;n] s] a'emfpF5 eg] 

oxfF sfd ug]{ x/]ssf nflu s0ff{nL ;hfo 

e'Stfg ug]{ ynf] xf], hxfF g bfd 5 g 

gfd 5 . oBlk oxL x]/fO / ;f]r ljk/Lt 

u[x dGqfnoaf6 ;?jf eO{ d'u' lhNnfsf] 

k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] e"ldsf lgjf{x 

ug'{ePsf /fi6«;]js sd{rf/L pdfsfGt 

clwsf/L eg] o; ljs6 lhNnfdf pbfx/0fLo 

aGg'ePsf] 5 . 

k|lhc clwsf/Lsf] !* dxLg] sfo{sfn 

d'ufnL hgtfsf nflu lgs} pknlAwd"ns 

/Xof] . OR5fzlStsf cl3 ljs6 e"uf]n / 

r'gf}tLsf kxf8 uf}0f x'g\ eGg] 5fk pxfFn] 

5f]8\g'ePsf] 5 . lhNnfdf ;?jf eO{ h]gt]g 

sfo{sfn s6fP/ kmls{g] clwsfFz sfof{no 

k|d'vx¿nfO{ …u/] s] x'Fbf] /xg]5 /

df]km;n 



afFs]df l8k 

af]l/ªsf] cj:yf hL0f{ 

• hg;jfn ;+jfbbftf 

g]kfnu~h– afFs] lhNnfsf 

ljleGg :yfgdf /x]sf ;a} l8k 

af]l/ª clxn] cToGt} hL0f{ 

cj:yfdf 5g\ . aL; jif{ cl3 

lhNnfsf ljleGg :yfgdf 

h8fg ul/Psf !)@ l8k 

af]l/ªdWo] k|foM ;a} ;/sf/L 

pbf;Lgtfsf sf/0f 6'6km'6 / 

lau|]sf] cj:yfdf k'u]sf 5g\ . 

l8k af]l/ª ;~rfngsf nflu 

clxn] klg vf;} st}af6 s'g} 

kxn ul/Psf] 5}g . g]kfnu~h 

pkdxfgu/kflnsfn] eg] 

gu/ If]qleqsf] l8k af]l/ª 

;~rfngsf nflu k|fljlws 

af]nfP/ dd{t ug{ yfn]sf] 5 . 

s/La @) jif{ cufl8 l8k 

af]l/ª ;~rfng xF'bf ls;fgsf] 

v]tdf kfgLsf] sdL lyPg . 

ls;fg ;xh} afnLgfnL l;FrfO 

ul//x]sf lyP . l8k af]l/ªsf] 

plrt ;'/Iff, Joj:yfkg / 

;dodf dd{t;Def/df Wofg 

gk'¥ofpFbf ls;fgsf v]taf/Ln] 

km]l/ ;'Vvf /xg'sf] lgolt ef]Ug' 

kl//x]sf] 5 . 

afx|}df; s[lif pTkfbg ug{ 

l8k af]l/ª ;~rfngdf NofOPsf] 

lyof] . l8k af]l/ª ;~rfngsf] 

z'?cftL s]xL jif{ ls;fgn] 

To;sf] k|of]u u/] . qmdzM 

l8k af]l/ª lau|g yfn], t/ 

tTsfn dd{t, ;Def/df Wofg 

glbFbf o:tf] cj:yf cfPsf] 

vh'/f–@ ufj3f6sf ls;fg b]jL 

clwsf/Ln] atfP . 

l8k af]l/ªsf] ljsNkdf 

cfly{s cj:yf /fd|f] ePsf 

ls;fgn] kfgL tfGg] df]6/sf] 

k|of]u ul//x]sf 5g\ eg] g;Sg] 

ls;fg cfsfz] kfgLsf] e/df 

v]tL ug{ afWo 5g\ . æl8k 

af]l/ª dd{t / ;~rfngsf 

nflu clxn] klg ;/sf/af6 s'g} 

7f]; of]hgf nfu" ePsf] 5}g . 

jiff}{Fb]lv aGb cj:yfdf /x]sf] 

l8k af]l/ª dd{t u/]/ ;~rfng 

ug{ caf}{+ ?k}ofF nfUg] cg'dfg 

ul/Psf] 5 . clxn] clwsf+z 

l8k af]l/ªsf] dxTjk"0f{ ;fdu|L 

x/fPsf 5g\ . ljB't\ k|flws/0fsf] 

aSof}tf /sd klg ltg{ ;lsPsf] 

5}gÆ, g]kfnu~hl:yt e"ldut 

hn;|f]t tyf l;FrfO ljsf; 

l8lehg sfof{nosf Ol~hgLo/ 

/fhs'df/ eutsf] egfO 5 . 

afFs]sf] vh'/f 

ufpFkflnsf–@ ;Ltfk'/df dfq} 

!( j6f l8k af]l/ª 5g\ . h;dWo] 

tLg j6fdfq ;~rfngdf 5g\ . 

o; If]qsf ls;fgn] ;a} l8k 

af]l/ª ;~rfng ug'{kg]{ dfu 

ufpFkflnsf;dIf k|:t't u/]sf 

5g\ . aGb ePsf l8k af]l/ªdWo] 

sltkosf] 6«fG;kmd{/ rf]/L ePsf] 

5, sltkosf] df]6/ hn]sf] 5 t 

t]x| k|ltztdf xfQLkfOn] 

/f]usf] ;ª\qmd0f 

g]kfnu~h -h;_– afFs] 

lhNnfdf oxL kmfu'g !% ut]b]lv 

xfQLkfOn] /f]u lj?4sf] cf}iflw 

v'jfOFb}5 . gjf}+ r/0fdf v'jfpg 

nfluPsf] ;f] cf}iflw o;k6s 

eg] :jf:YosdL{n] g} v'jfpg] 

ePsf 5g\ . oxL kmfu'g !% 

ut] x/]s j8fdf tf]lsPsf 

a'ydf cf}iflw v'jfOg] 5 eg] 

!^ ut]b]lv @^ ut];Dd 3/b}nf] 

cleofg u/]/ cf}iflw v'jfOg] 

g]kfnu~h pkdxfgu/kflnsf 

:jf:Yo zfvf k|d'v s]zj/fh 

uf}tdn] atfP . 

cl3Nnf jif{df dlxnf 

:jf:Yo :jd+;]ljsfaf6 

cf}iflw v'jfpg] ul/Psfdf ;f] 

cleofgnfO{ yk k|efjsf/L 

agfpg of] jif{ :jf:YosdL{af6} 

cf}iflw v'jfpg] /0fgLlt 

agfOPsf] pgn] atfP . :jf:Yo 

zfvf k|d'v uf}tdsf cg';f/ 

afFs]df o;jif{ kfFr nfv 

** xhf/ @&*nfO{ cf}iflw 

v'jfpg #^* :jf:YosdL{ vl6g] 

hgfOPsf] 5 . :jf:YosdL{nfO{ 

;3fpg &*( dlxnf :jf:Yo 

:jod\;]ljsf vl6g] ePsf 5g\ . 

:jf:Yo sfof{nosL b'uf{ uf}tdn] 

cf7f}+r/0f;Dd cf}iflw v'jfpbf 

ck]lIft pknlAw xfl;n gePsf 

sf/0f of] k6s :jf:YosdL{af6} 

cf}iflw v'jfpFbf :yfgLojf;L 

ljZj:t / cfZj:t x'g] 

;f]r]/ gofF /0fgLlt ckgfOPsf] 

atfP . 

cl3Nnf cleofgdf 

cf}iflw ;]jgaf/] unt wf/0ff, 

zx/L If]qdf cf}iflw ;]jg 

k|ult Go"g x'g]nufot r'gf}tL 

;fdgf ug{'k/]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . 

afFs]sf] s"n kfFr nfv 

** xhf/ @&* hg;ª\Vof 

/x]sfdf s/La !# k|ltztdf 

xfQLkfOn] /f]usf] ;ª\qmd0f 

/x]sf] cg';Gwfgn] b]vfPsf] 

5 . …So'n]S; Sofª\lskm]l;P6;Ú 

gfds nfdv'§]n] xfQLkfOn] 

/f]u ;fg]{ u5{ . /f]u lgjf/0fsf 

nflu …l8O;LÚ / …cna]08fhf]nÚ 

gfds cf}iflw v'jfpFb} cfOPsf] 

5 . bL3{/f]uL, ue{jtL tyf ;ft 

lbgsf] ;'Ts]/L dlxnf / b'O{ 

jif{d'lgsf afnaflnsf afx]s 

;a}n] of] cf}iflw ;]jg ug{ ldNg] 

hgfOPs]f 5 . 

k|x/Låf/f clkmdsf la?jf gi6 

;'v]{t -h;_– lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ;'v]{tn] cfOtaf/ Ps nfv 

nfu'cf}ifw clkmdsf la?jf gi6 u/]sf] 5 . n]saF];L gu/kflnsf–* 

nfld8fF8f ;'v]{tdf v]tL ul/Psf Ps nfv a9L clkmdsf la?jf 

k|x/Ln] gi6 u/]sf] xf] . lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ;'v]{tsf k|x/L lg/LIfs 

lg/~hg l3ld/]sf] g]t[Tjdf vl6Psf] !* hgf / Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no 

n]sa]F;L ;'v]{taf6 k|x/L gfoj lg/LIfs df]xgnfn s'dfO{sf] g]t[Tjdf 

vl6Psf] ^ hgf;lxt @$ hgfsf] 6f]nLn] clkmdv]tL gi6 u/]sf] 

lhk|sf ;'\v]{tsf k|jQmf Pj+ k|x/L gfoj pk/LIfs k|bLkaxfb'/ If]qLn] 

hfgsf/L lbP . 

lxGb"–d'l:nd o'jfo'jtLsf] ljjfx 

an]jf -h;_– ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] k|of]us} qmddf ;Dks{ 

a9]kl5 afun'ªsf a|fDx0f ;d'bfosf o'jfn] kfls:tfgL d'l:nd 

o'jtL;Fu ljjfx u/]sf 5g\ . afun'ª gu/kflnsf– !@ cdnfrf}/sf 

@# jifL{o ;'lbg cfrfo{n] kfls:tfgsL @@ jifL{of cfDgf ;lkms;Fu 

afun'ª lhNnf cbfnt cfOtaf/ btf{ ljjfx u/]sf lyP . kfls:tfgsf] 

/fjnlk08Ldf …cfO6L Ol~hgLol/ªÚ cWoog/t ;lkmsn] ;fdflhs 

;~hfndfkm{t cfrfo{;“u ;Dks{df cfPkl5 g]kfnL efiff ;d]t l;s]/ 

ljjfx u/]sf x'g\ . b'O{jif{ cl3b]lv lrghfg ePkl5 pgn] g]kfnL 

efiff l;Sg yfn]sf x'g\ . g]kfnsf] u|fdL0f afl;Gbf em} af]Ng / 

n]Vg;Sg] ePkl5 pgn] ljjfxsf nflu tof/L u/]sf lyP . 

sltkosf] ljB't\ dx;'n aSof}tf 

/x]sf] 5 . aSof}tf ga'emfP;Dd 

ljB't\ k|flws/0f ljB't\ h8fg 

ug]{ kIfdf 5}g t/, ;dGjo 

u/]df l8k af]l/ª ;~rfngsf 

nflu cfjZos ;xof]u ug{ 

;lsg] g]kfn ljB't\ k|flws/0f 

g]kfnu~h ljt/0f zfvf k|d'v 

/fdb'nf/ ofbjsf] egfO 5 . 

g ] k f n u ~ h 

pkdxfgu/kflnsfn] eg] 

gu/ If]qsf ljleGg :yfgdf 

k|of]uljxLg cj:yfdf 

/x]sf s/La #* j6f l8k 

af]l/ªsf] dd{t sfo{ clxn] z'? 

u/]sf] 5 . l8k af]l/ª dd{t ug{ 

pkdxfgu/kflnsfn] ef/tsf] 

ax/fOraf6 bIf d]sflgs 

af]nfP/ sfd z'? u/]sf] 5 . 

af]l/ª dd{t / ;~rfngsf nflu 

pkdxfgu/kflnsfn] ? !) nfv 

ah]6;d]t 5'6ØfPsf] 5 . gu/ 

k|d'v 8f wjnzDz]/ /f0ffn] klxnf] 

r/0fdf tLg j6f l8k af]l/ª 

dd{t u/L ;~rfngdf NofOg] / 

To;sf] kl/0ffd x]/]/ dfq cGo 

af]l/ª dd{t u/]/ ;~rfngdf 

Nofpg] atfP . dd{t ug{ 

nfluPsf] clwsf+z l8k af]l/ªsf] 

6«fG;kmd{/ / dxTjk"0f{ kf6{k'hf{ 

rf]/L ePsf] cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 . 

pkdxfgu/kflnsfn] l8k af]l/ª 

;~rfng u/]kl5 s[ifs ;d"xnfO{ 

x:tfGt/0f ug]{ hgfOPsf] 5 . 

…xfOj] 6«df 3'DtL 

c:ktfnÚ ;~rfng x'g] 

kf]v/f -h;_– u08sL 

k|b]zn] cfÏgf] k|b]zcGtu{tsf] 

d'Vo /fhdfu{df ;8s b'3{6gfsf] 

tTsfn pkrf/ ;]jf k|bfg ug{ 

tLg lhNnfsf tLg c:ktfnnfO{ 

…xfOj] 6«df 3'DtL c:ktfnÚ 

sf ¿kdf ljsl;t ug{] ePsf] 

5 . :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf bdf}nL 

c:ktfn tgx'F, k|fylds :jf:Yo 

s]Gb| jflnª :ofª\hf / ltnf/ 

:jf:Yo s]Gb| l8d'jf kj{t /x]sf 

5g\ . tL :jf:Yo ;+:yfnfO{ xfOj] 

6«df 3'DtL c:ktfnsf ¿kdf 

ljsl;t ug{ ;fdflhs ljsf; 

dGqfnon] o; rfn" jif{df 

x/]s c:ktfnnfO{ ? %)÷%) 

nfvsf b/n] ? Ps s/f]8 %) 

nfv /sd ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] 

;fdflhs ljsf; dGqfnosf 

;"rgf clws[t jl/i7 :jf:Yo 

lzIff clws[t k|sfz/fh zdf{n] 

hfgsf/L lbP . 

c:ktfnn] cTofw'lgs 

PDa'n]G; klg ;~rfng ug{]5g\ . 

;"rgf clws[t zdf{sf cg';f/ 

;8s b'3{6gfdf k/]sfsf] 

tTsfn pkrf/ ug{ PDa'n]G;leq 

clgjfo{ PdlalaP; pQL0f{ 

lrlsT;s, g;{ tyf Ps hgf 

:jf:YodL{ cf}iflw tyf cfjZos 

pks/0f;d]t /xg]5 . tL 

PDa'n]G;df …lhlkP;Ú k|ljlw 

h8fg x'g] pgn] atfP . 

ljZj :jf:Yo ;ª\u7gsf] Ps 

k|ltj]bgcg';f/ g]kfndf ;8s 

b'3{6gfdf k/L csfndf d[To' 

x'g]dWo] cfwfa9Lsf] ;ª\Vof 

36gf:ynaf6 pkrf/ ug{ :jf:Yo 

;+:yfdf n}hfg] qmddf af6f]df g} 

d[To' x'g] ub{5 . g]kfndf ;8s 

b'3{6gfdf k/L d[To' x'g]sf] ;ª\Vof 

lbgk|ltlbg j[l4 x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . 

c:ktfnnfO{ xfOj] 6«df c:ktfn 

;~rfng ug{ dGqfnon] k|:tfj 

cfXjfg;d]t ul/;]s]sf] 5 . 

æu08sL k|b]znfO{ ;8s 

b'3{6gfaf6 d[To'ljxLg agfpg] 

cleofgcGtu{t klxnf] r/0fdf 

tLg lhNnf c:ktfnnfO{ xfOj] 

6«df 3'DtL c:ktfnsf ¿kdf 

ljsl;t ug{ nfluPsf] xf]Æ, 

;"rgf clws[t zdf{n] eg] . p;f] 

t u08sL k|b]z k"0f{vf]k k|b]zsf 

¿kdf 3f]if0ff eO;s]sf] 5 . 

ljz]ifu/L o; k|b]zdf 

jif{]gL slthgf ;8s b'3{6gfdf 

k/L d[To' x'G5 eGg] olsg 

tYofª\s s'g} lgsfol;t 

5}g . o;}u/L ;fdflhs ljsf; 

dGqfnosf] cfly{s Pj+ k|fljlws 

;xof]udf wf}nflul/ c~rn 

c:ktfn afUn'ªdf clS;hg 

KnfG6 :yfkgf ePsf] 5 . lj;+ 

@)!^ df :yfkgf ePsf] ;f] 

c:ktfn %) zØofsf] /x]sf] 5 . 

;fdflhs ljsf; dGqfnosf] ? 

&) nfvsf] cg'bfgdf clS;hg 

KnfG6 :yfkgf u/L ;~rfngdf 

NofOPsf] ;"rgf clws[t zdf{n] 

atfP . ;f] c:ktfndf ut jif{ 

#) xhf/ la/fdLn] ;]jf lnPsf 

lyP . afnd[To' tyf dft[d[To' 

ut jif{ c:ktfndf z"Go ePsf] 

lyof] . 

:jf:Yo lzlj/df dlxnfsf 

;d:of aflx/ cfpg yfn] 

a]emf8 -h;_– ufpF 

ufpFdf cfof]hgf x'g] :jf:Yo 

lzlj/n] dlxnfsf ;d:of aflx/ 

Nofpg 7"nf] ;xof]u ldn]sf] 

5 . dlxnf ;s];Dd :jf:Yo 

;+:yfdf k'u]/ cfÏgf ;d:of 

atfpg lxrlsrfpg] u5{g\ . 

o;n] ubf{ klg pgLx¿ leqleq} 

/f]u;Fu n8]/ afFlr/x]sf x'G5g\ . 

leqleq} /f]un] kLl8t aG5g\ t/ 

;DalGwt 7fpFdf ;d:of lnP/ 

hfg] ub}{gg\ . o:tf dlxnfsf 

nflu ufpF ufpFdf a]nfa]nfdf 

cfof]hgf x'g] :jf:Yo lzlj/df 

;d:of lnP/ k'Ug] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 

5 . kfNkfsf] /Def ufpFkflnsf–@ 

kmf]lS;ªsf]6df ;~rfng ePsf] 

Pslbg] dlxnf k|hgg :jf:Yo 

hfFr lzlj/df ufpFsf dlxnfn] 

cfÏgf ;d:of lnP/ k'u]sf] 

kfOof] . 

:jf:Yo ;+:yfsf] 

xftfdf k'u]/ cfÏgf ;d:of 

:jf:YosdL{;Fu atfpg nfh 

dfGg], 8/fpg] dlxnf oxfF 

cfof]hgf ePsf] lzlj/df eg] 

dHhfn] ;d:ofaf/] hfgsf/L 

u/fPsf 5g\ . lzlj/df 

;]jf lnPsf !^% dlxnfdWo] 

^@ dlxnfdf ;]tf] kfgL aUg], 

tLg hgfdf l/ª k|];/ b]lvPsf] 

/ b'O{nfO{ yk pkrf/sf nflu 

n'lDagL d]l8sn sn]h k|efif 

k7fOPsf] 5 . lzlj/df @% 

dlxnfdf clgoldt dxLgfjf/L 

x'g], %) df afy;DaGwL ;d:of, 

!% hgfdf n'tf], kfFr hgfdf 

cfª v:g] ;d:of b]lvPsf] 

/Def ufpFkflnsf :jf:Yo 

zfvf ;+of]hs dx]z cfrfo{n] 

atfP . ;fy} lzlj/sf cj;/df 

;ft dlxnfn] kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf 

;fwg ODKnfG6 tyf cfo'l;8L 

;]jf lnPsf 5g\ . 

ufpFkflnsfsf] cfly{s 

;xof]u, n'lDagL d]l8sn sn]h 

k|efif, lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no 

/ g]kfn kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;ª\3 

kfNkfsf] k|fljlws ;xof]udf 

lzlj/ cfof]hgf ul/Psf] xf] . 

dlxnfsf] cfª v:g] ;d:of, 

clgoldt dxLgfjf/L x'g] h:tf 

;d:ofnfO{ ;dodf g} klxrfg 

u/L /f]u lg/fs/0f ug{ lzlj/n] 

dxTjk"0f{ ;xof]u k'Uf]sf] :jf:Yo 

sfof{no kfNkfsf clws[t 

sNkgf kf}8]nn] atfP . æ:jf:Yo 

rf}sLdf hfg lxrlsrfP/ 

/f]u n'sfP/ a;]sf dlxnf 

o;/L ufpF ufpFdf cfof]hgf x'g] 

lzlj/df cfP/ cfÏgf ;d:of 

atfpg ;Sg]ePsf 5g\Æ, pgn] 

eg] . ufpFufpFdf lgMz'Ns 

:jf:Yo lzlj/ cfof]hgf ul/g 

yfn]kl5 u|fdL0f e]udf a;f]af; 

ug]{, :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] kx'Frb]lv 

6f9f /x]sf gful/snfO{ 7"nf] 

;xof]u k'u]sf] 5 . ufpFkflnsfsf] 

gLlt tyf sfo{qmdcg';f/ 

ufpFufpFdf :jf:Yo ;]jf k'¥ofpg] 

p2]Zon] lzlj/ cfof]hgf 

ul/Psf] ufpFkflnsf cWoIf 

lji0f'k|;fb e08f/Ln] hfgsf/L 

lbP . lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no, 

n'lDagL d]l8sn sn]h 

k|efif, lhNnf c:ktfn, g]kfn 

kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;ª\3 kfNkf, 

tfx'F k|fylds :jf:Yorf}sL / 

:yfGfLo :jf:Yo PsfOdf sfo{/t 

!& :jf:YosdL{;lxtsf] 6f]nLn] 

lzlj/df ;]jf lbPsf] xf] . 

ljb]z 

leotgfddf lsdsf nflu s8f 

;'/Iff, ;j{;fwf/0fsf nflu /]n;]jf aGb 

bf]ªbfª -PPkmkL_– pQ/ sf]l/ofnL g]tf 

lsd hf]ª pgsf] cfudgsf nflu ;f]daf/ 

leotgfd–rLgsf] ;LdfjtL{ zx/ bf]ªbfªdf 

;'/Iff Joj:yf s8f agfOPsf] 5 . pgL 

;f]daf/ leotgfdsf] ;LdfjtL{ zx/ bf]ªbfª 

k'Ub} 5g\ . pgsf] ;'/Iffy{ ;j{;fwf/0fsf 

nflu oxfFsf s]xL lglZrt If]qdf /]n ;]jf 

aGb ul/Psf] 5 . lsd cfpg] /]ndfu{ tyf 

/]n :6];gdf ljz]if ;'/Iff Joj:yf ul/Psf], 

tL If]qnfO{ ;]gfn] 3]/f xfln/x]sf] 5 . pgL 

cd]l/sL /fi6«klt 8f]gfN8 6«Dk;Fu e]6jftf{sf 

nflu leotgfd k'Ub} 5g\ . 

pQ/ sf]l/ofnL g]tf lsd pQ/ 

sf]l/ofb]lv g} /]ndfu{af6 leotgfd k'Ub} 5g\ . 

bf]ªbfªaf6 lsdnfO{ ;8s dfu{af6 sl/a !&) 

lsnf]ld6/ df]6/df /fv]/ leotgfdsf] /fhwfgL 

xgf]O{ NofOg]5 . xgf]O{ ofqfsf qmddf pSt 

;8sv08 k"/} aGb ul/g]5 . lsd zlgaf/ 

g} /]n r9]/ leotgfdtkm{ nfu]sf 5g\ . pgL 

rLgsf] /fhwfgL a]Olhª xF'b} /]ndf leotgfd 

k'Ug]5g\ . leotgfdsf clwsf/Ln] hgfPcg';f/ 

pgL dª\unaf/ laxfg;Dddf leotgfdsf] 

bf]ªbfª zx/df k'Ug]5g\ . 

pgn] ;f9] b'O{ lbgsf] ofqf / sl/a rf/ 

xhf/ lsnf]ld6/ ofqf u/]/ leotgfd k'Ug 

;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ 

j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] nflu 

xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];\ . 

nfu]sf x'g\ . pQm bf]ªbfª zx/ rLg;Fusf] 

;Ldf If]qdf kb{5 . To;}n] kl5Nnf s]xL lbgotf 

o; If]qdf s8f ;'/Iff Joj:yf ckgfOPsf] 

clwsf/Lx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . pgL leotgfd 

;/sf/sf] ljz]if ;'/Iff;lxtsf] ;jf/L ;fwgdf 

ck/fGx @ ah] leotgfdsf] /fhwfgL xgf]O{ k'Ug] 

sfo{qmd /x]sf] 5 . bf]ªbfª zx/sf] /]n;]jf 

;j{;fwf/0f gful/ssf] nflu aGb ul/Psf] 

b[Zo cfkm"n] b]v]sf] PPkmkLsf ;dfrf/bftfn] 

hgfPsf 5g\ . pgn] cfkm"n] pQm If]qdf /]n 

;]jf aGb ul/Psf] / 7"nf] ;+Vofdf ;'/IffsdL{ 

t}gfy ul/Psf] b]v]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . 

;fy} pgn] t/ Tof] /]n;]jf slxn];Ddsf 

nflu aGb x'g] eGg] af/]df ;/sf/L clwsf/Ln] 

s]xL geg]sf / ;Dejt dª\unaf/;Dd aGb 

x'g ;Sg] klg atfPsf 5g\ . pQ/ sf]l/ofnL 

g]tf lsd cd]l/sL /fi6«klt 6«Dk;Fusf] bf];|f] 

r/0fsf] pRr:t/Lo jftf{sf nflu xgf]O hfg 

nfu]sf x'g\ . pgLx?aLr of] bf];|f] k6s e]6jftf{ 

x'g nfu]sf] xf] . xgf]Odf oxL km]a|'c/L @& / @* 

df e]6jftf{ x'g]5 . cd]l/sL /fi6«klt 6«Dk klg 

dª\unaf/ g} xgf]O{ k'Ug] sfo{qmd /x]sf] 5 . 

pgLx?aLrsf] klxnf] a}7s ut jif{sf] h'g !@ 

df l;+ufk'/df ePsf] lyof] . l;+ufk'/kl5sf] of] 

lgs} rlr{t e]6jftf{ xf] . 

So'afdf gofF ;+ljwfgsf 

af/]df hgdt;ª\u|x 

xjfgf -PPkmkL_– ;+o'Qm/fHo cd]l/sfsf] 

lg/Gt/sf] bafa Pj+ e]g]h'Pnfsf] ;dfhjfbL 

;/sf/nfO{ ;dy{g u/]sf sf/0f ;d:ofdf 

k/]sf] So'afdf gofF ;+ljwfgsf nflu cfOtaf/ 

hgdt;ª\u|x ePsf] 5 . r'gfjsf] kl/0ffd 

cfOtaf/ k|fKt x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 . æxfdL 

So'afnLn] gofF ;+ljwfg, blIf0f cd]l/sf / 

Sof/]laog If]qdf pbfx/0f k|:t't ug{sf nflu 

dtbfg ub}{5f}+,Æ /fi6«klt ldu]n 8fofh–sg]nn] 

dtbfgsf qmddf atfP . æxfdL e]g]h'Pnfsf 

nflu klg dtbfg ub}{5f}+, xfdL e]g]h'Pnfsf] 

kIfdf 5f}F lsgeg] e]g]h'Pnfdf o; dxfb]zs} 

;a}eGbf 7"nf] gf6s d~rg eO/x]sf] 5 .Æ 

/fi6«klt 8fofhn] lrnL, sf]nlDaof / 

kf/fUj]sf /fi6«kltx?n] e]g]h'Pnfsf ljkIfL g]tf 

x' Fjf u'PObf]sf] ;dy{g u/]sfk|lt klg cfqmf]z 

kf]v] . æsf]nlDaofsf] ;Ldfdf s]xL /fi6«klt 5g\ / 

ltgLx? xf;f]sf kfqh:tf b]lvPsf 5g\ .ÆSo'afn] 

e]g]h'Pnfsf nflu cGt//fli6«o ;dy{g h'6fpg] 

k|of; ul//x]sf] 5 . So'afn] cd]l/sL ;}lgs 

cltqmd0fsf] lj/f]w ul//x]sf] 5 . e]g]h'Pnfsf 

/fi6«klt lgsf]nf; db'/f]n] e]g]h'Pnfsf] 

;Ldfdf NofOPsf] dfgjLo ;xfotfnfO{ cfkm\gf] 

b]zlj?4sf] cd]l/sL sbdsf] ;+1f lbPsf 5g\ . 

o:tf] ;xfotf clwsf+z cd]l/sfaf6} e]g]h'Pnf 

;Ldfdf k'¥ofOPsf] 5 . 

So'afnL clwsf/Ln] sl/a *) k|ltztn] 

dtbfg u/]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . ;Qf?9 sDo'lgi6 

kf6L{sf k|yd ;lrjsf] zlQmzfnL kbdf cfl;g 

k"j{/fi6«klt /fpn Sof:6«f]n] klg laxfg} dtbfg 

u/]sf lyP . cd]l/sL l;g]6/ dfsf]{ ?laof]n] 

So'afsf] tyfslyt hgdt;ª\u|x ;Qfdf cfkm\gf] 

ks8 cem alnof] agfpg] s'lT;t dg;foaf6 

ul/Psf] eGb} cfqmf]z JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . ;g\ 

!(&^ sf] ;+ljwfgnfO{ k|lt:yfkg ug]{ gofF 

;+ljwfgn] klg :jtGq ahf/ / lghL nufgLnfO{ 

;Lldt ug]{5 . oL b'a} sfo{ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] 

dfq ;~rfng ug{ kfpg]5 . 

;fy}, ;+ljwfgn] ;dfhjfb d'n'ssf] 

Psdfq ljrf/wf/f x'g] kl/sNkgf u/]sf] 

5 . of] wf/0ffdfly Sofyf]lns rr{n] cfklQ 

hgfPsf] 5 . So'afsf k|ltalGwt ljkIfLn] eg] 

o;k6s dtbfg alx:sf/ u/]sf lyP . o; 

hgdt;ª\u|xdf b'O{j6f ljsNk dfq lbOPsf] 

lyof]M gofF ;+ljwfgsf] kIf jf ljkIf cyf{t\ 

x'G5 jf x'Gg . 

lrgLof ;fdfgdfly s/a[l4 

:yug ug]{ 6«Dksf] 3f]if0ff 

jfl;ª\6g -PPkmkL_– ;+o'Qm/fHo 

cd]l/sfsf /fi6«klt 8f]gfN8 6«Dkn] rLg / 

cd]l/sfaLrsf] Jofkf/ jftf{df æ;Gtf]ifhgs 

k|ultÆ ePsf] eGb} lrgLof ;fdfgsf] cfoftdf 

o;cl3 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] s/a[l4sf] k|:tfj :yug 

ug{ nfu]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . b'O{ d'n'saLrsf] 

Jofkf/ ;Demf}tfsf nflu lrgLof /fi6«klt ;L 

lrglkmª;Fu lzv/ jftf{ x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 

klg /fi6«klt 6«Dkn] hfgsf/L lbP . csf]{ 

b'O{ ;ftfleq} ælgs} 7"nf] ;dfrf/Æ cfpg]5, 

/fi6«klt 6«Dkn] eg] . jftf{df yk k|ult ePdf 

cd]l/sfsf] km\nf]l/8fl:yt /fi6«klt 6«Dksf] 

df/–P–n]uf] l/;f]6{df lrgLof /fi6«klt ;LnfO{ 

e]6\g] of]hgf /x]sf] klg 6«Dkn] atfP . 

cfOtaf/ ;DkGg ePsf] t/ rf/ 

lbgb]lv jfl;ª\6gdf hf/L jftf{df b'O{ d'n'ssf 

jl/i7 clwsf/Ln] efu lnPsf lyP . ;+o'Qm/fHo 

cd]l/sfn] jftf{df ;xdlt geP cfufdL dfr{ 

! tfl/vb]lv g} nfu" x'g]u/L sl/a @)) ca{ 

cd]l/sL 8n/ a/fa/sf lrgLof ;fdfgdf @% 

k|ltzt s/ nufpg] /fi6«klt 6«Dkn] 3f]if0ff 

ul/;s]sf 5g\ t/ /fi6«klt 6«Dkn] jftf{ 

lgs} ;Gtf]ifhgs?kdf cl3 a9]sfn] dfr{ ! 

tfl/vsf] ;LdfnfO{ a9fpg cfkm" tof/ /x]sf] 

hfgsf/L lbP . 

ærLg;Fu hf/L Jofkf/ jftf{ 

;sf/fTds?kdf cl3 a9]sfdf dnfO{ v'zL 

nfu]sf] 5 . vf;u/L, rLgn] af}l4s ;DklQsf] 

;+/If0f, k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f, s[lif, ;]jf, d'b|f tyf 

c? ljljw ljifo ;d]tsf dxTjk"0f{ ;+/rgfut 

d'2fdf ;sf/fTds hjfkm lbPsf] 5,Æ 6«Dkn] 

6\jL6 ub}{ eg]sf 5g\ . rLgsf] ;/sf/L ;dfrf/ 

;+:yf l;GXjfn] klg jftf{df lgs} ;sf/fTds 

k|ult ePsf] hgfPsf] 5 . lrgLof Jofkf/ jftf{ 

k|ltlglwd08nsf] g]t[Tj pkk|wfgdGqL lnp x] 

n] u/]sf 5g\ . æjftf{ lgs} ;sf/fTds?kdf 

cl3 a9]sfn] ;Demf}tfnfO{ clGtd ?k lbg 

km\nf]l/8fdf lzv/ a}7ssf] tof/Ldf nfu]sf 

5f}+,Æ 6«Dkn] eg]sf 5g\ . æcd]l/sf / rLgsf 

nflu lgs} ;Gtf]ifhgs ;KtfxfGt .Æ 

lk; g]kfn cf]e/l;h k|f=ln= 

>d Ohfht g+= ^%*÷)^#÷)^$ 

wfkf;L, sf7df8f}+ 

kmf]g M )!–$#*@@%!



v]ns'b÷dgf]/~hg 

v]n ;ª\3sf] ljjfb cGTo x'Fb} 

• hg;jfn ;+jfbbftf 

sf7df8f}F– nfdf] ;dob]lvsf] 

k]G6fyng ;ª\3sf] ljjfb cGTo ePsf] 5 . 

/fli6«o v]ns"b kl/ifb\ -/fv]k_sf pkfWoIf 

lktfDa/ ltlD;gfsf] ;+of]hsTjdf /x]sf] 

v]n ;ª\3df b]lvPsf] ljjfb ;dfwfg ug{ 

ul7t ;ldltn] df]8{g k]G6fyng ;ª\3 / 

df]8{g k]G6fyng dxf;ª\3sf] PsLs/0f 

u/L ljjfb cGTo u/]sf] xf] . 

;ldltsf] ;+of]hs /x]sf ltlD;gfn] 

cfkm" cWoIf /x]sf] pQm ;ª\3nfO{ 

df]8{g k]G6fyng dxf;ª\3 g]kfn;Fu 

PsLs/0f u/L ljjfb cGTo u/fPsf] 

atfP . pkfWoIf ltlD;gf g]t[Tjdf 

@)&) ;fndf /fv]kdf df]8{g k]G6fyng 

;ª\3 u7g ePsf] lyof] . nuQ} @)&@ 

;fndf /fh]Gb| >]i7sf] g]t[Tjdf df]8{g 

k]G6fyng km]8]/]zg g]kfn u7g ePsf] 

lyof] . pkfWoIf ltlD;gfn] eg], æcfÏgf] 

cWoIftfdf /x]sf] ;ª\3nfO{ >]i7 

g]t[Tjsf] dxf;ª\3;Fu PsLs/0f u/]sf 

5f}F, ljjfbsf sf/0f ;ª\3sf] ultljlw 

cl3 a9\g g;s]sfn] PsLs/0f u/L Pp6} 

;ª\3 agfPsf 5f}F . Æ 

PsLs[tkZrft df]8{g k]G6fyng 

dxf;ª\3 g]kfn gfdfs/0f u/L cWoIfdf 

/fh]Gb| >]i7nfO{ rog ul/Psf] 5 . 

To:t} jl/i7 pkfWoIfdf nfnrGb| 

/fgfef6 / df]xgs'df/ 8fFuL rog 

ePsf 5g\ . pkfWoIfdf zs'Gtnf 

gu/sf]6L, c?0fk|;fb >]i7, eujtL 

lji6, /fh' bz{g, uf]kfn Gof}kfg] 

5g\ . dxf;lrjdf ofbjaxfb'/ a:g]t, 

pkdxf;lrjdf OlGb/f lg/f}nf, ;lrjdf 

/fdxl/ l;njfn, ob's'df/ a:g]t / 

gf/fo0f kf}8]n, sf]iffWoIfdf gf/fo0f 

kf}8]n / ;xsf]iffWoIfdf z}n]Gb|dfg >]i7 

/x]sf 5g\ . ;b:odf wfjf ?Daf, ls/0f 

lu/L, lgif]z rfkfufO{+, /rgf nfv]df]?, 

d's'Gbxl/ >]i7, l/t]z >]i7, dx]z >]i7, 

;'Gb/ k|hfklt, /fh]z >]i7 / eLdk|;fb 

;'j]bL /x]sf 5g\ . 

ltlD;gf g]t[Tjsf] pQm ;ldltn] 

o;cl3 lhDGofli6s ;ª\3sf] ljjfb 

;dfwfg ub}{ tby{ sld6L u7g 

u/]sf lyof] . ;ª\3x¿sf] ljjfbsf sf/0f 

dxTjk"0f{ v]nsf ultljlw cl3 a9\g 

;s]sf 5}gg\ . p;', s/fFt] / t]SjfGbf] 

h:tf v]nsf] ljjfb cem} ;dfwfg x'g 

;s]sf] 5}g . ;ldltn] pQm ;ª\3;Fu 

klg lg/Gt/ 5nkmn ul//x]sf] / s]xL 

;ftfleq ljjfb ;dfwfg x'g] ;ldltsf 

csf{ ;b:o o'jf tyf v]ns'b dGqfnosf 

;x;lrj c0fk|;fb Gof}kfg]n] hfgsf/L 

lbP . æpgLx¿;Fu ePsf] 5nkmn 

;sf/fTds¿kdf cufl8 a9]sf] 5, s]xL 

lbgdf xfdL k'gM 5nkmn u5f}{F / ljjfb 

;dfwfg u5f}{FÆ pgn] eg] . 

o'jf tyf v]ns"bdGqL hutaxfb'/ 

ljZjsdf{n] kl5Nnf] ;do v]n ;ª\3x¿df 

b]lvPsf] ljjfb ;dfwfg ug{ ut dª\l;/ 

!& ut] dGqL:t/Lo lg0f{oaf6 /fli6«o 

v]ns'b kl/ifb\sf pkfWoIf lktfDa/ 

ltlD;gfsf] ;+of]hsTjdf Ps ;ldlt 

u7g u/]sf lyP . dGqfnon] pkfWoIf 

ltldlN;gfsf] ;+of]hsTjdf dGqfnosf 

;x;lrj c0fk|;fb Gof}kfg] / /fv]ksf] 

v]ns"b ljsf; ljefu k|d'v s'naxfb'/ 

yfkf ;b:o /x]sf] tLg ;b:oLo ;ldlt 

u7g u/]sf] lyof] . Pp6} v]nsf b'O{j6f 

v]n ;ª\3 x'Fbf ljz]ifu/L cGt/f{li6«o 

k|ltof]lutfx¿df g]kfnsf] ;xeflutf 

s;n] ug]{ eGg] a9L ljjfb x'g] u/]sf] 

5 . ;ldltn] v]n ;ª\3sf] 5nkmnkl5 

cf]nlDks sld6L;Fu klg 5nkmn ug]{ 

tof/L u/]sf] 5 . 

Pp6} k|s[ltsf v]n ;ª\3x¿ 

leGgleGg x'Fbf v]nf8LnfO{ klg cK7]/f] 

k/]sfn] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu 

dGqfnon] cfkm"nfO{ lhDd]jf/L lbPsf] 

ltlD;gfsf] egfO 5 . 

g]kfnåf/f rLg k/flht 

sf7df8f}F -h;_– g]kfnn] 

rLgnfO{ k/flht ub}{ cfO;L;L dlxnf 

ljZjsk lqms]6 k|ltof]lutfcGtu{t 

Plzof 5gf]6df rf}yf] lht btf{ 

u/fPsf] 5 . yfONof08sf] a}+ssl:yt 

6«]8yfO{ lqms]6 d}bfgdf ;f]daf/ 

ePsf] kfFrf}F v]ndf g]kfnn] rLgnfO{ 

kfFr /gn] x/fPsf] xf] . 

6; xf/]/ Aofl6ª u/]sf] g]kfnn] 

lgwf{l/t @) cf]e/df ( ljs]6 u'dfpFb} 

&& /g agfPsf] lyof] . c7xQ/ /gsf] 

ljho nIo k5\ofpg] qmddf rLgn] 

@) cf]e/ v]Nb} ^ ljs]6 u'dfP/ &@ 

/g agfof] . rLgsf nflu emfg d]O{n] 

kfFrf}F dlxnf ;fkm 

km'6an k|ltof]lutfsf] 

tof/L clGtd r/0fdf 

lj/f6gu/ -h;_– blIf0f PlzofnL 

km'6an k|ltof]lutf -;fkm_ / clvn 

g]kfn km'6an ;ª\3åf/f ;+o'Qm?kdf 

cfof]hgf x'g] kfFrf}F dlxnf ;fkm km'6an 

k|ltof]lutfsf] tof/L clGtd r/0fdf 

k'u]sf] 5 . lj/f6gu/df kmfu'g @* b]lv 

r}t * ut];Dd x'g] ;f] k|ltof]lutfdf 

g]kfn;lxt ef/t, aª\unfb]z, e'6fg, 

>Lnª\sf / dflbE;sf] ;xeflutf 

/xg]5 . :yfgLo zxLb /ª\uzfnfdf x'g] 

k|ltof]lutfsf] tof/L clGtd cj:yfdf 

k'u]sf] PGkmfsf pkfWoIf tyf v]n 

tof/L ;ldltsf ;+of]hs kª\sh ljqmd 

g]Djfªn] atfP . ;fkm dlxnf km'6ansf 

nflu lj/f6gu/ dxfgu/kflnsfn] ? 

Ps s/f]8 / k|b]z g+ ! n] ? %) nfv 

;xof]u u/]sf] PGkmfsf pkfWoIf ls/0f 

/fO{n] atfP . 

æcfufdL lbgdf sf7df8f}F aflx/ 

kf]v/f, a'6jn, g]kfnu~h h:tf zx/df 

k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf ug]{ of]hgf 5Æ, 

PGkmf cWoIf sdf{ l5l/ª z]kf{n] eg] . 

v]nf8LnfO{ cEof;sf nflu lj/f6gu/ 

h'6 ldn, :yfgLo lbNnL klAns :s"n / 

;'g;/Lsf] b'xaL gu/kflnsfl:yt d}bfg 

pknAw u/fOPsf] 5 . k|ltof]lutfsf] 

;d"x …PÚ df g]kfn, e'6fg / aª\unfb]z 

tyf ;d"x …jLÚ df ef/t, >Lnª\sf / 

dfnlbE; 5g\ . k|ltof]lutf ;DkGg ug{ 

s/La ? Ps s/f]8 %) nfv vr{ nfUg] 

cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . 

;jf{lws ## /g tyf l;of]g emf}n] 

!* /g hf]l8g\ . 

alnªtkm{ g]kfnnsL ;Ltf /fgf 

du/n] tLg tyf s[i0f sF'j/n] ! 

ljs]6 lnOg . To;cl3 Aofl6ª ub}{ 

g]kfnsf nflu sfhn >]i7n] ;jf{lws 

!* /g, ;Ltf /fgf du/n] !!, laGb' 

/fjnn] !), OGb' adf{n] *, g]/L yfkfn] 

cljlht & /g tyf ;l/tf du/n] ^ 

/g hf]l8g . alnªtkm{ rLgsL jfª 

d]ª / xfg lnnLn] b'O{÷b'O{ ljs]6 

lnOg\ . hLt;Fu} g]kfn * cª\s;lxt 

t];|f] :yfgdf 5 . g]kfnn] a'waf/ 

s'j]t;Fu v]Ng]5 . 

s0ff{nL k|b]z:t/Lo 

v]ns"b k|ltof]lutf hf/L 

;'v]{t -h;_– s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] /fhwfgL 

;'v]{tdf k|yd s0ff{nL k|b]z:t/Lo v]ns"b 

k|ltof]lutf hf/L /x]sf] 5 . k|b]z v]ns"b kl/ifb\ 

s0ff{nL k|b]zn] /fhwfgL jL/]Gb|gu/ ;'v]{tdf 

kmfu'g !! ut]b]lv ;~rfng u/]sf] …k|yd s0ff{nL 

k|b]z:t/Lo v]ns"b k|ltof]lutf @)&%Ú cGtu{t 

;'v]{tdf cf7 v]ndf k|lt:kwf{ eO/x]sf] k|b]z 

v]ns"b kl/ifb\ s0ff{nL k|b]zsf k|rf/k|;f/ ;ldlt 

;+of]hs ch'{ghª\u zfxLn] hfgsf/L lbP . 

æ;'v]{tdf km'6an, lqms]6, PYn]l6S;, vf]vf], 

af:s]6an, Aof8ldG6g, Xof08an / t]SjfGbf] 

v]nsf] k|lt:kwf{ eO/x]sf] 5Æ, ;+of]hs zfxLn] 

eg], ætL v]n oxL !& ut];Dd ;~rfng x'g]5g\ .Æ 

To:t}, sa8L / t]SjfGbf] dlxnf tyf k'?if v]n 

b}n]vdf, 6]an6]lg;, k'?if elnan / a'l4rfn 

;Nofgdf, dlxnf elnan hfh/sf]6df, alS;ª 

s~rgk'/df / p;' bfª lhNnfdf ;~rfng eO{ 

oxL kmfu'g @% ut];Dd ;DkGg ul/g] pgn] 

atfP . 

;'v]{tdf ePsf] v]ndf dlxnf km'6andf 

h'Dnf ljh]tf / ;'v]{t pkljh]tf ePsf] 5 . 

PYn]l6S; Ps xhf/ %)) bf}8df dlxnftkm{ 

h'Dnfsf /fddfof a'9f k|yd, ;Ltf Gof}kfg] låtLo 

/ sfnLsf]6sf dldtf a'9f t[tLo ePsf] ;+of]hs 

zfxLn] hgfP . To:t}, PYn]l6S; Ps xhf/ 

%)) bf}8df k'?iftkm{ h'Dnfsf g/]z a'9f k|yd, 

sfnLsf]6sf ;Gtf]ifgfy of]uL låtLo / ;'v]{tsf 

;'zLn /DhfnL t[tLo ePsf] pgn] hfgsf/L 

lbP . pgsf cg';f/ PYn]l6S; !)) ld6/ 

bf}8df dlxnftkm{ ;'\v]{tsf ;]/gf l;/kfnL k|yd, 

sfnLsf]6sf /;'bf zfxL låtLo / ;Nofgsf lvdf 

cfrfo{ t[tLo ePsf 5g\ . PYn]l6S; Ps;o ld6/ 

bf}8df k'?iftkm{ hfh/sf]6sf ofd;fhg ;'gf/ 

k|yd, ;Nofgsf ;'zLn s];L låtLo / ;'v]{tsf 

kjgs'df/ la;L t[tLo ePsf lyP 

To;}u/L, ;6km'6df k'?iftkm{ ;'v]{tsf ltns 

ljs k|yd, ;'v]{ts} kbd kl/of/ låtLo / ?s'd 

klZrdsf xs{ ljZjsdf{ t[tLo ePsf 5g\ eg] 

;6km'6 dlxnftkm{ sfnLsf]6sf lg?tfs'df/L zfxL 

k|yd, ;'v]{tsf k|ltdf yfkf låtLo / sfnLsf]6sf 

/;'bf zfxL t[tLo ePsf lyP . nªhDk k'?iftkm{ 

;Nofgsf ;'zLn s];L k|yd, hfh/sf]6sf 

ofd;fhg ;'gf/ låtLo / ?s'd klZrdsf x]dGt 

ljs t[tLo ePsf 5g\ eg] nªhDk dlxnftkm{ 

;'v]{tsf cfzf ljs k|yd, x'Dnfsf honIdL 

xdfn låtLo / ;Nofgsf ;'zLnf /fgf t[tLo 

ePsf lyP . …k|yd s0ff{nL k|b]z:t/Lo v]ns"bÚ 

k|ltof]lutfdf !) j6f lhNnfsf Ps xhf/ @$! 

v]nf8Ln] @! v]n tyf @^$ :j0f{, @^$ /ht / 

$)@ sfF:o kbsdf k|lt:kwf{ ug]{ atfOPsf] 5 . 

DofGr]:6/ l;6Ln] lhTof] lnu sksf] pkflw 

sf7df8f}F -Ph]G;L_– 

DofGr]:6/ l;6Ln] r]N;LnfO{ 

k/flht ub}{ s/fafcf] sk -lnu 

sk_ sf] pkflw lht]sf] 5 . 

cfOtaf//ftL ePsf] kmfOgn 

v]ndf l;6Ln] r]N;LnfO{ 

k]gfN6L ;'6cfp6df k/fhlt 

ub}{ lnu sksf] pkflw lht]sf] 

xf] . lgwf{l/t ;dodf v]n lagf 

s'g} uf]n ;lsPkl5 v]nsf] 

lg0f{o k]gfN6L ;'6cfp6af6 

ePsf] xf] . k]gfN6L ;'6cfp6df 

r]N;Lsf nflu hlh{gf] / 8]le8 

n'Ohn] k]gfN6L ld; u/]sf lyP 

eg] l;6Lsf ln/f]o ;fg]n] k]gfN6L 

ld; u/]sf lyP . l;6Lsf /lxd 

:6/lnªn] lg0ff{os k]gfN6LnfO{ 

uf]ndf kl/0ft ub}{ l;6LnfO{ 

lnu sksf] pkflw lhtfPsf 

lyP . of] ;lxt l;6Ln] 5}7f} 

k6s lnu sksf] pkflw lht]sf] 

5 . k|ltof]luofsf] Oltxf;df 

l;6Ln] eGbf a9L lne/k'nn] * 

k6s of] pkflw lht]sf] 5 . 

æu|Lg a"sÆn] lhTof] cf]:sf/ k'/:sf/ 

xlnp8 -PPkmkL_– gful/s 

clwsf/sf] kIfdf n]lvPsf] xlnp8 

rnlrq æu|Lg a"sÆn] o; jif{sf] cf]:sf/ 

:j0f{kbs lht]sf] 5 . o; rnlrqdf 

;g\ !(^) sf] bzsdf ;+o'Qm/fHo 

cd]l/sfsf] blIf0f If]qdf a;f]af; ug]{ 

Pshgf uf]/f 8«fOe/ / sfnf hfltsf 

lkofgf] afbsaLrsf] k|]ddo ;DaGwnfO{ 

syfj:t'df ;d]l6Psf] 5 . cNkmf]G;f] 

s'cf/f]gsf] plQs} k|efjzfnL rnlrq 

æ/f]dfÆnfO{ kl5 kfb}{ u|Lg a"snfO{ cf]:sf/ 

k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . 

u|Lg a"ssf lkofgf]afbssf] 

e"ldsfdf /x]sf dfx]/zfnf clnn] pTs[i6 

;xof]uL kfq tyf 8«fOe/sf] e"ldsf lgjf{x 

ug]{ leUuf] df]6{;]gn] pTs[i6 gfossf] 

k'/:sf/ kfP . o; rnlrqn] kfFr j6f 

ljwfdf k'/:sf/ k|fKt u/]sf] lyof] . æof] 

rnlrqsf] k"/} syfj:t' k| ]d;Fu hf]l8Psf] 

5 . xfdLaLr dtfGt/ /x]klg o;df 

Pscsf{k|lt :g]xefj 5 / xfdL sf] xf}+ 

eGg] ;To pb\3fl6t 5 . xfdL ;a} Ps 

xf}+,Æ xlnp8df cfof]lht k'/:sf/ ljt/0f 

;df/f]xdf lgb]{zs lk6/ kmf/]nLn] atfP . 

syfdf ;d]l6Psf zn]{ / nLk b'a} c;fWo} 

ldNg] ;fyL lyP, / pgLx? b'a}sf] ;g\ 

@)!# df lgwg ePsf] lyof] . 

pTs[i6 rnlrqsf] dgf]gogdf …u|Lg 

a'sÚ / …/f]dfÚ afx]s …ANofsSnfG;DofgÚ, 

…ANofs KofGy/Ú, …b km]j/]6Ú, …af]x]ldog 

of{k;f]8LÚ, …c :6f/ Oh ag{Ú / …efO;Ú 

/x]sf lyP . pTs[i6 rnlrqsf] cjf8{ 

glht] klg …/f]dfÚn] pTs[i6 lgb] {zs, pTs[i6 

l;g]d]6f]u|fkmL / ljb]zL efiffsf] pTs[i6 

rnlrq;lxt tLgj6f ljwfdf cf]:sf/ 

lhTg ;kmn ePsf] 5 . …/f]dfÚsf lgb] {zs 

/ l;g]d]6f]u|fkm/ b'j} d]lS;sg lkmNdd]s/ 

cNkmf]Ghf] s'jf/f]g /x]sf lyP . 

lk6/ Ïof/]nLn] lgb]{zg u/]sf] …u|Lg 

a'sÚ clk|msL-cd]l/sL Hofh lkoflgi6 8g 

;/nL / cd]l/sL cleg]tf 6f]gL lnksf] 

hLjgLdf cfwfl/t /x]/ agfOPsf] lyof] . 

lkmNddf 6f]gL lnk Joj;flos snfsf/ 

aGg' cl3 8g ;/nLsf ;jf/Lrfns /xFbf 

pgLx¿sf] ldqtfnfO{ lrq0f ul/Psf] 

lyof] . t/ ;/nLsf] kl/jf/n] rnlrqdf 

;/nL / 6f]gLsf] ;DaGwnfO{ unt ?kdf 

lrq0f u/]sf] cf/f]k nufPkl5 rnlrq 

ljjfbdf tflgg k'u]sf] lyof] . t/ 

lkmNdsf lgdf{tfn] ;/nLsf] d[To' cufl8 

pgL;Fu lkmNd agfpg] cg'dlt lnPsf] 

/ ;/nL cfkm}+n] lkmNdsf nflu c? 

s;}sf] cg'dlt cfjZos g/xg] atfPsf] 

:kli6s/0f lbPsf lyP . cf]:sf/df …u|Lg 

a'sÚn] cf]l/lhgn :qmLgKn] / pTs[i6 

;x–cleg]tfsf] cf]:sf/ klg lht]sf] 

5 . 8g ;/nLsf] e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf 

dfx]/;fnf clnn] pTs[i6 ;x–cleg]tfsf] 

cf]:sf/ lht]sf lyP . dfx]/;fnf clnn] 

o;cl3 …d'gnfO{6Ú rnlrqsf nflu 

klg pTs[i6 ;x–cleg]tfsf] cf]:sf/ 

lht]sf lyP . 

To;}u/L pTs[i6 cleg]tfsf] cf]:sf/ 

cjf8{ …af]x]ldog of{k;f]8LÚsf nflu 

/fdL dlnsn] lht]sf 5g\ . …af]x]ldog 

of{k;f]8LÚdf pgn] lSjg Aof08sf ufos 

k|m]8L d/So'/Lsf] e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf lyP . 

To:t} pTs[i6 cleg]qLsf] cf]:sf/ …b km]j/]6Ú 

rnlrqdf j]nfotsL dxf/fgL Pgsf] 

e"ldsf lgefPsL cf]lnleof sf]NDofgn] 

lht]sL l5g\ . …/f]dfÚ;Fu} ;a} eGbf w]/} 

bz ljwfdf dgf]lgt ePsf] …b km]j/]6Ún] 

pTs[i6 cleg]qLsf] cjf8{ dfq lhTg ;kmn 

eof] . o;kN6sf] cf]:sf/df …af]x]ldog 

of{k;f]8LÚn] ;a}eGbf w]/} cjf8{ lhTg ;kmn 

ePsf] 5 . kfFr ljwfdf dgf]lgt ePsf] 

…af]x]ldog of{k;f]8LÚn] rf/ ljwfdf cf]:sf/ 

lht]sf] lyof] . pQm rnlrqn] pTs[i6 

cleg]tf;Fu} ;fp08 ldlS;+u, ;fp08 

Pl8l6+u / lkmNd Pl8l6+udf cf]:sf/ lhTg 

;kmn eof] . To;}u/L …ANofs KofGy/Ú, 

…u|Lg a'sÚ / …/f]dfÚn] tLg ljwfdf cf]:sf/ 

lht]sf 5g\ . 

cf]:sf/sf cGo ljwfx¿df 

…Okm laon l:6«6 s'8 6sÚ sf nflu 

/]lhgf ls+un] pTs[i6 ;x–cleg]qL, 

…ANofsSnfG;DofgÚn] pTs[i6 P8\ofk6]8 

:qmLgKn], …:kfO8/ Dofg\; OG6' b 

:kfO8/–e;{Ún] pTs[i6 Plgd]6]8 lkmr/, 

…k|mL ;f]nf]Ún] pTs[i6 8s'd]G6«L lkmr/, 

…lkl/o8 OG8 ckm ;]G6]G;Ún] pTs[i6 

8s'd]G6«L ;6{ ;Ah]S6, …l:sgÚn] pTs[i6 

nfO{e PS;g ;6{ lkmNd, …afcf]Ú n] pTs[i6 

Plgd]6]8 ;6{ lkmNd, …ANofs KofGy/Ún] 

pTs[i6 cf]l/lhgn :sf]/, …c :6f/ Oh 

ag{Úsf] …:ofnf]Ú af]nsf] uLtn] pTs[i6 

cf]l/lhgn;Fu, …ANofs KofGy/Ún] pTs[i6 

k|f]8S;g l8hfOg / s:6\o'd l8hfOg, 

…efO;Ún] pTs[i6 d]sck / x]o/ :6fOln+u 

/ …km;{\6 DofgÚn] pTs[i6 leh'cn 

Pkm]S6\;sf] cf]:sf/ cjf8{ lht]sf 5g\ . 

cf]:sf/sf] d"n ;df/f]xsf] ;'?jft 

cd]l/sL ufos P8d NofDa6{ / j]nfotL 

Aof08 s'O{gsf] ;f+u]lts k|:t'ltaf6 

ePsf] lyof] . To;}u/L …c :6f/ Oh 

ag{Úsf a|f8nL s'k/ / n]8L ufufn] 

klg ;df/f]xdf ;f+u]lts k|:t'lt lbPsf 

lyP . s'g} xf]:6lagf ;+rfng ul/Psf] 

d"n ;df/f]xdf %# hgfn] ljhoLx¿nfO{ 

cjf8{ k|bfg u/]sf lyP . 

gflosf ;f]gfIfL l;Gxfdfly 7uLsf] cf/f]kdf d'2f btf{ 

d'DaO{ -Ph]G;L_– k};f lnP/ 

sfo{qmddf pkl:yt gePsf] eGb} alnp8 

cleg]qL ;f]gfIfL l;Gxf / cGo $ hgfnfO{ 

ef/tsf] d'/fbfjfbdf 7uLsf] d'2f btf{ 

ul/Psf] 5 . ef/tLo ;+rf/dfWodx¿n] 

hgfPcg';f/ lbNnLdf cfof]hgf x'g] pQm 

sfo{qmdsf nflu clu|d e'QmfgL lnP klg 

l;Gxfn] kl5 k|:t'tL lbg c:jLsf/ u/]sL 

lyOg\ . hfx]/L b/vf:tdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 

5 ls l;Gxfn] @)!* sf] ;]K6]Da/ #) 

df k|:t'tL lbg]5' eg]/ #& nfv ef? 

cfof]hsaf6 e'QmfgL lnPsL lyOg\ . t/ 

clGtd 38Ldf cfP/ pgn] sfo{qmddf 

pkl:yt x'g c:jLsf/ ul/g\ . 

o;n] ubf{ cfkm"n] 7"nf] 3f6f ;xg' 

k/]sf] eGb} cfof]hsåf/f d'2f bfo/ 

ul/Psf] xf] . sj'n ul/Pcg';f/ cfkm"n] 

;f]gfIfLnfO{ sfo{qmddf k|:t'tL lbg 

cg'/f]w u/]sf] / pgL gcfP cfkm"nfO{ 

7"nf] 3f6f x'g] atfPsf] t/ klg pgL 

sfo{qmddf k:t'tL lbg gcfPsf] eGb} 

d'2fsf jfbLn] ef/tLP ;+rf/dfWodnfO{ 

atfPsf 5g\ . l;Gxf / c? $ JolQmnfO{ 

7uLsf] cleof]udf PkmcfOcf/ btf{ 

ul/Psf] d'/fbfjfbsf k|x/L clwsf/Ln] 

;+rf/dfWodnfO{ hgfPsf 5g\ .

eLdbQgu/ -h;_– 

;Demf}tf ubf{ @)&# c;f]hd} 

;Sg'kg]{ s~rgk'/sf] s[i0fk'/ 

gu/kflnsf–! bf]ldNnfl:yt 

wf/fkfgL l;FrfO cfof]hgf cem} 

;DkGg x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . b'O{ 

Kofs]hdf 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf ul/Psf] 

eP klg kfgLsf] d'xfg -OG6]s_ 

tkm{sf] lgdf{0fsf] lhDdf kfPsf] 

…cflzif sG6«S;g wgu9LÚn] b'O{ 

k6s ;dofjlw yk ubf{ klg 

sfddf l9nf;':tL u/]sf] kfOPsf] 

5 . kl5Nnf] ;do lgdf{0f kIf 

;Dk{sdf gcfP klg l;FrfOsf] 

kfOk la5Øfpg] sfd ul//x]sf] 

5 . 

bf];|f] k6s sfd ug{ ;do 

yk u/] klg jif{ lbg lalt;s]sf] 

ljsf; lgdf{0fdf 7]s]bf/sf] a]jf:tf 


l8lehg sfof{no eLdbQgu/n] 

hgfPsf] 5 . l;FrfO cfof]hgfsf] 

gx/, sNe6{nufot k"jf{wf/ 

lgdf{0fsf nflu pQm lgdf{0f 

sDkgLl;t @)&@ c;f/ @% 

df ? rf/ s/f]8 !% nfvsf] 

;Demf}tf ePsf] lyof] . 

sfof{noaf6 lnlvt?kdf tfs]tf 

x'Fbf klg 7]s]bf/ sDkgLn] a]jf:tf 

ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . æxfn;Dd u/]sf] 

sfdafktsf] ? b'O{ s/f]8 ^& 

nfv e'Qmfg lnO;s]sf] 5Æ, 


l8lehg sfof{nosf k|d'v 

clhts'df/ >Ljf:tjn] 

eg] . s[i0fk'/ gu/kflnsfsf] 

#)) x]S6/ hdLgdf l;FrfO 

k'Ug] u/L ;f] cfof]hgf lgdf{0f 

yflnPsf] lyof] . 

To;}u/L si0fk'/ 

gu/kflnsfs} a+s–gfon– a'8/ 

;8sv08cGtu{t vf/ vf]nf 

/ cf]bfnL vf]nfdf k'n lgdf{0f 

;Demf}tf ;lsPsf] Ps jif{ 

lalt;Sbf klg k'n lgdf{0f x'g 

;s]sf] 5}g . k'n lgdf0f{sf] lhDdf 

kfPsf]… y]lud ufNjf sG;6«S;gÚn] 

lgdf{0fdf u/]sf] a]jf:tfsf 

sf/0f k'n slxn] alg;Sg] 

eGg]df :yfgLoajf;L lrlGtt 

5g\ . xfn;Dd k'nsf] lkNn/ 

lgdf{0fafx]s c? s'g} sfd ePsf] 

5}g . lj;+ @)&# ebf}df 7]Ssf 

;Demf}tf ePsf] k'n lgdf0f{sf] 

sfd @)&$ kmfu'gdf ;Sg'kg]{ 

z'ef/De gx'“b} 3/af;df cfGtl/s ko{6s 

bdf}nL -h;_– cf}krfl/s 

z'ef/De gx'Fb} tgx'Fsf] ledfb 

gu/kflnsf–( kfybL{l:yt 

3/af; -xf]d:6]_ df cfGtl/s 

ko{6ssf] cfsif{0f a9\g yfn]sf] 

5 . 3/af;;DaGwL tfnLd lnP/ 

a;]sf :yfgLo cfGtl/s 

ko{6ssf] cfsif{0f a9\g yfn]kl5 

v'zL ePsf 5g\ . kmfu'gleq} 

cf}krfl/s ?kdf pb\3f6g ug]{ 

tof/L ul/Psf] 3/af;df b]zsf 

ljleGg 7fpFaf6 cfGtl/s ko{6s 

cfpg yfn]sf] kfybL{ 3/af; 

Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf 

lzjs'df/ cfn]n] atfP . 

ætfnLd;d]t ;DkGg 

eO{ cf}krfl/s pb\3f6gsf] 

tof/Ldf /x]sf 5fF}Æ, pgn] eg], 

æt/ olta]nf b]zsf ljleGg 

lhNnfaf6 cfGtl/s ko{6s oxfF 

cfpg yfln;Sg'ePsf] 5 . Æ 

;~rf/dfWodaf6 k|rf/k|;f/ 

ePkl5 emfkfb]lvsf cfGtl/s 

ko{6s s]xL lbgcl3 dfq} cfP/ 

3/af;df /ft latfPsf] cfn]n] 

hfgsf/L lbP . pgsf cg';f/ 

emfkfsf ljleGg kfFr j6f 

;xsf/Lsf ;b:on] Ps /ft 

3/af;df latfPsf lyP . To:t} 

wflbª, :ofª\hf / tgx'Fs} ljleGg 

7fpFaf6 ;d]t ko{6s 3/af;df 

cfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . cfn]sf 

cg';f/ ljb]zLsf] Ps 6f]nLn] 

;d]t oxfF af; al;;s]sf] 5 . 

lqe'jg ljZjljBfnoaf6 jg 

lj1fg cWoog/t ljBfyL{sf] 

Ps 6f]nL Ps xKtfsf] nflu 

oxfF cfpg] tof/L u/]sf] cfn]n] 

hfgsf/L lbP . oxfFsf] !) 3/df 

3/af;sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . 

3/af;df cfpg] ko{6snfO{ 

:jfut ;Tsf/b]lv vfgfsf] 

kl/sf/ agfpg]nufotsf tfnLd 

:yfgLon] lnO;s]sf 5g\ . s]xL 

lbgcl3 dfq} vfB k|ljlw tyf 

u'0flgoGq0f ljefun] ;d]t vfB 

:jR5tf;DaGwL tfnLd ;DkGg 

ul/;s]sf] 5 . o; 7fpFdf Ps} 

lbgdf #) ;Ddn] af; a:g 

;Sg] Ifdtf 5 . oxfF cfpg] 

ko{6snfO{ k|fª\ufl/s vfgf 

v'jfpg] ul/Psf] 5 . cWoIf 

cfn]sf cg';f/ ko{6snfO{ e§, 

sf]bf]sf] /f]6L, l98f], nf]sn 

s'v'/f, lgp/f]nufotsf vfg]s'/f 

lbOG5 . Ps 5fs ;fbf vfgf 

/ Ps 5fs df;' vfgf / af; 

a;]sf] ? Ps xhf/ @)) lnOg] 

pgn] atfP . ko{6snfO{ /ftsf] 

;dodf :yfgLon] ;f+:s[lts 

sfo{qmd;d]t k|:t't ug]{ u/]sf 

5g\ . ledfb gu/kflnsf–( sf 

j8fWoIf Odfg yfkfn] j8fnfO{ 

ko{6g / s[lifaf6 ;d[4 agfpg] u/L 

of]hgf agfOPsf] hfgsf/L lbP . o; 

7fpFdf /x]sf l;4u'kmf, r'ln8fF8f, 

OGb| em/gfnufotnfO{ Pp6} dfu{df 

hf]8\b} ko{6g k"jf{wf/sf] nflu 

cWoog;d]t ul/Psf] 5 . lqe'jg 

ljZjljBfnosf jGohGt'ljb\ 8f xl/ 

zdf{ / jg:klt Pj+ h8La'6L lj1 

8f l/k' s'Fj/sf] g]t[Tjdf oxfF cWoog 

ul/Psf] lyof]. ;f]xL 7fpFdf /x]sf] OGb| 

em/gfdf Jofj;flos Sofgf]lgª 

;~rfngsf nflu;d]t tfnLdsf] 

cfof]hgf ug{ nfluPsf] 5 . 

3/af; Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf 

cWoIf cfn]sf cg';f/ 

g]kfnel/sf k|lzIfs af]nfP/ 

oxfF tfnLd ug]{ tof/L 

ul/Psf] 5 . 

cfGtl/s ko{6sdf lge{/ ;f}/fxf 

e/tk'/ -h;_– g]kfnsf] 

k|d'v ko{6sLo uGtJosf] 

?kdf kl/lrt lrtjgsf] 

;f}/fxf …jfON8nfOkmÚ 

ko{6gsf nflu k|l;4 5 . 

;f}/fxfsf] ko{6g lrtjg 

/fli6«o lgs'~h, hgfj/, kIfL 

/ yf? ;+:s[ltdf cl8Psf] 

5 . xfQL r9]/ hª\un 

3'Dg], jGohGt' x]g{, /fKtL 

gbLdf 8'ª\uf ;o/ ug{, 

;"of{:t x]g{ / yf? ;+:s[ltsf] 

cjnf]sg ug{ cfGtl/s tyf 

afXo ko{6s ;f}/fxf cfpg] 

u/]sf 5g\ . s'g} ;do 

ljb]zL ko{6sn] el/e/fp 

x'g] ;f}/fxfdf kl5Nnf] ;do 

:jb]zL ko{6sdf lge{/ 

5 . e"sDkkl5 ;':tfPsf] 

;f}/fxfsf] ko{6gnfO{ clxn] 

cfGtl/s ko{6sn] rxnkxn 

a9fPsf] If]qLo xf]6n ;ª\3 

;f}/fxf lrtjgsf cWoIf 

;'dg l3ld/] atfpF5g\ . 

cfGtl/s ko{6s a9]/ 

$) k|ltzt k'u]sf 5g\ . 

pgn] eg], æ;g\ @)@) ;Dd 

%) k|ltzt k'¥ofpg] nIo 

/fv]sf 5f}+ . Æ ;g\ @)!& 

;Dd #) k|ltzt /x]sf] 

cGtl/s ko{6ssf] cfudg 

b'O{ jif{df !) k|ltztn] 

a9]sf] xf] . cWoIf l3ld/]n] 

cfGtl/s ko{6s;Fu} afXo 

ko{6s leqØfpg Wofg 

lbg'kg{] atfP . æjfON8nfOkm 

ko{6gdf cem} ;f]r]cg';f/ 

afXo ko{6s Nofpg ;lsPsf] 

5}g, o;sf nflu xfd|f] kx'Fr 

klg sd 5Æ, pgn] eg] . 

lgs'~h 3'Dg]df ljb]zL ko{6s 

a9L eP klg ;du|df lrtjg 

cfpg] ljb]zL ko{6ssf] 

;ª\Vofdf sdL cfpg' lrGtfsf] 

ljifo ag]sf] pgsf] egfO 

lyof] . k"jf{wf/ tyf xjfO{ 

;~hfnsf] sdLn] g]kfndf 

ljb]zL ko{6ssf] cfudgdf 

sdL x'g uPsf] atfOPsf] 5 . 

e"sDk;Fu} gf/fo0fu9–d'lUng 

;8s v08 lgdf{0fdf ePsf] 

sl7gfO{n] w/f;oL oxfFsf] 

ko{6g clxn] ljb]zL eGbf 

cfGtl/s ko{6sn] psf;]sf] 

Joj;foLsf] cg'ej . 

;f}/fxf cfpg] clwsf+z 

ko{6s :jb]zL 5g\ . ef/t, 

rLg;Fu} ;fs{ /fi6«sf s]xL 

ko{6s dfq} oxfF cfpg] u/]sf 

5g\ . lrtjg cfpg] ljb]zL 

ko{6ssf] /f]hfOFdf lrtjg 

/fli6«o lgs'~h kb{5 . t/ oxfF 

cfpg] clwsf+z :jb]zL ko{6s 

;f] lgs'~h sd} 3'D5g\ . 

:jb]zL ko{6ssf] /f]hfOdf 

gbLdf 8'ª\uf r9\g], ;fd'bflos 

jgdf xfQL / lhk ;kmf/L kg]{ 

u/]sf] 5 . lgs'~h k|j]zsf 

nflu 5'§} z'Ns nfUg] / xfQL 

;kmf/L gePsfn] lgs'~h 

3'Dg] g]kfnLdf sdL cfPsf] 

ko{6g Joj;foL bLks e§/fO{ 

atfppF5g\ . csf{ Joj;foL 

lbk]z rf}w/L kfl/jfl/s, 

z}lIfs, ;xsf/L nufotsf 

;ª\3 ;+:yfsf] e|d0f / tfnLd 

uf]i7Ln] xf]6n Joj;fo wfg]sf] 

atfpF5g\ . df};d z'? ePkl5 

afXo ko{6ssf] cfjfudg 

a9\g] cg'dfg 5 . 

cfly{s jif{ @)&%÷&^ 

sf] k'; d;fGt ;Dddf 

%( xhf/ &( ljb]zL, !) 

xhf/ ##* ;fs{ / !* 

xhf/ &#$ :jb]zL ko{6sn] 

lrtjg /fli6«o lgs'~h 

cjnf]sg u/]sf 5g\ . Ps 

l;ª\u] u}F8f oxfFsf] k|d'v 

cfsif{0f xf] . lgs'~h 

dfq} b]vfP/ ko{6ssf] 

a;fOF nDAofpg g;lsg] 

ePkl5 ljleGg sfo{qmd 

;d]t cfof]hgf ub}{ 

cfO/x]sf] /]jfg ;f}/fxfsf 

cWoIf uf]s0f{ lu/L 

atfpF5g\ . pgL eG5g\ 

,æjflif{s of]hgf cg';f/ 

g} cfGtl/s ko{6snfO{ 

nlIft u/] ljleGg sfo{qmd 

;~rfng u/]sf 5f}+ . Æ 

;f}/fxfdf g]kfnL tyf 

cª\u|]hL gofF jif{, k|0fo 

lbj; nufotsf cj;/ 

kf/]/ sfo{qmd cfof]hgf 

ul/G5 . Ps ;o bz 

xf]6n / ^) /]i6'/]G6 

/x]sf] ;f}/fxfdf :jb]zL 

ko{6s dfq} %) k|ltzt 

k'u]df oxfFsf] ko{6g 

Joj;fo 9'Ssn] rNg;Sg] 

Joj;foLsf] egfO 5 . 

cy{÷/f]huf/ 

lyof] . tf]lsPsf] ;doeGbf Ps 

jif{ a9L lalt;Sbf klg lgdf{0f 

sDkgL df}g 5 . jiff{t\sf] a]nf 

k'n gx'Fbf lxF88'n ug{ ;d:of 

x'g] u/]sf] :yfgLojf;L ;'lgn 

e08f/Ln] atfP . k'n lgdf{0fdf 

lgs} l9nf;':tL ePsf] 5 . sfd 

gug]{nfO{ 5'6 lbg gx'g] pgsf] 

egfO 5 . 

cf]bfnL vf]nfsf] aLr 

efudf Pp6f dfq} lkNn/ 

ufl8Psf] 5 . vf/ vf]nfdf 

lkNn/ p7fpg] sfd ;':t 

ultdf 5 . l8lehg ;8s 

sfof{no s~rgk'/n] k'n 

lgdf{0fdf a]jf:tf ug]{ pQm 

lgdf{0f sDkgLdfly sf/jfxL 

k|lqmof cl3 a9fOPsf] hgfPsf] 

5 . vf/ vf]nfsf] ^) k|ltzt 

sfd ;lsPsf] 5 . cf]bfnL 

vf]nfsf] @% k|ltzt dfq} sfd 

ePsf] 5 . l8lehg ;8s 

sfof{no s~rgk'/sf k|d'v 

nIdLbQ e§n] k'n lgdf{0f 

sDkgLnfO{ ;dod} sfd ;Sg 

k6s÷k6s kqfrf/ ul/Psf] 

atfP . pgn] sDkgLnfO{ 

cfufdL r}t d;fGtleq 

sfd ;Sg ;dofjlw lbOPsf] 

atfP . vf/ vf]nfdf k'n 

lgdf{0fsf nflu ? ^ s/f]8 

%( nfv ^& xhf/df 7]Ssf 

;Demf}tf ePsf] lyof] eg] 

cf]bfnL vf]nfdf ? kfFr s/f]8 

$& nfv rf/ xhf/df 7]Ssf 

;Demf}tf ePsf] lyof] . 

ko{6ssf] cfsif{0f aGb} dfgx'“sf]6 

bdf}nL -h;_– tgxF'sf] ;b/d'sfd bdf}nL ghLs} /x]sf] dfgx'Fsf]6 

s'g} ;do …aQLd'lgsf] cFWof/f]Ú sf] ?kdf kl/lrt lyof] . bdf}nLaf6 

s/La cf7 lsnf]ld6/ b"/Ldf /x]sf] o; 7fpF k'Ug s]xL jif{ cl3;Dd 

k}bn afx]s c? ljsNk lyPg . k}bndfu{ x'Fb} dfgx'Fsf]6;Dd k'Ug 

b'O{ 306f eGbf a9L ;do nfUYof] . ;b/d'sfdaf6 ghLs} /x]/ klg 

cf]em]ndf kb}{cfPsf] dfgx'Fsf]6 clxn] eg] ko{6ssf] cfsif{0f aGb}5 . 

clxn] dfgx'Fsf]6 k'Ug] ko{6snfO{ k}bn lxF8\g'kb}{g, ;jf/L;fwgaf6 

s/La @%÷#) ldg]6d} k'Ug ;Sg] ePsf] 5 . Ps lsnf]ld6/ af6f] 

sfnf]kq eO;s]sf] o; 7fpFdf sfnf]kq ug]{ sfd eO/x]sf] 5 . 

cfly{s jif{ @)&%÷&^ df cn}r]af6 dfgx'Fsf]6;Dd g} ;8s 

sfnf]kq ug]{ tof/L eO/x]sf] 5 . s]Gb| ;/sf/sf] bz s/f]8 ah]6af6 

;8s sfnf]kq ug{ af6f] lgdf{0fsf] sfd yflnPsf] xf] . dfgx'Fsf]6af6 

bdf}nL ahf/ 5n{ª\u b]lvG5 . o;n] ubf{ kl5Nnf] ;dodf oxfF 

ko{6ssf] 3'OFrf] g} nfUg] u/]sf] 5 . dfgx'Fsf]6df cGo lbgeGbf 

zlgaf/ / ;fj{hlgs labfsf] lbg cTolws eL8 x'g] u/]sf] 5 . 

bdf}nL ahf/ / lxdfnsf z[ª\vnfx¿ dgdf]xs b]lvg] ePsfn] cfkm" 

a]nf–a]nfdf oxfF cfpg] u/]sf] atfpF5g\ Jof; gu/kflnsf–! sf 

z}n]z x8\vn] . 

pgL eG5g\ – ædfgx'Fsf]6 b[Zofjnf]sgsf nflu lgs} dgdf]xs 

5 . bdf}nL ahf/ cf;kf;sf If]q s'lx/f]n] 3]/]sf] x]bf{ lgs} cfgGb 

nfU5 .Æ hf8f] df};ddf Gofgf] 3fd / laxfg ;"of]{bo / a]n'sfsf] 

c:tfpFbf] ;"o{ ghLsaf6 lgofNg kfpFbf cfgGb nfUg] atfpF5g\ 

l/l;ª ufpFkflnsf–! sL a;GtL cfn] . pgsf cg';f/ dfgx'Fsf]6af6 

b]lvg] lxdfn tyf ;dy/ kmfF6, gbLgfnfn] lgs} dgdf]xs agfpF5 . 

ljz]if u/]/ cfGtl/s ko{6ssf] /f]hfOsf] s]Gb|sf] ?kdf ljsf; x'Fb} 

uPsf] dfgx'Fsf]6 tgx'Fsf] ko{6sLo ;Defjgf af]s]sf] ko{6sLo 

:yn ;d]t /x]sf] atfpF5g\ Jof; gu/kflnsf j8f g+ % sf cWoIf 

df]xgs'df/ >]i7 . b[Zofjnf]sgsf] nflu dxTjk"0f{ uGtJosf] ?kdf 

/x]sf] dfgx'Fsf]6sf] k|rf/k|;f/ x'g ;s]s} sf/0f oxfF cfGtl/s 

ko{6ssf] 3'OFrf] nfUg] u/]sf] >]i7n] atfP . Jof; gu/kflnsf–% 

/ DofUb] ufpFkflnsf–! nfO{ ;d]6]sf] of] du/ ;d'bfosf] a;f]af; 

/x]sf] If]q xf] . du/ ;d'\bfosf] ;+:s[lt of] 7fpFsf] csf]{ cfsif{0f 

xf] . dfgx'Fsf]6af6 df5fk'R5«], cGgk"0f{ nufotsf lxdz[ª\vnf ;fy} 

;b/d'sfd bdf}nL ahf/, dfbL gbL, ;fFu] vf]nf, tgx'F hnljB't\sf] 

8\ofd lgdf{0f :yn Pj+ dgf]/d b[Zox¿ b]Vg ;lsG5 . dfgx'Fsf]6 

k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tfn] wgL ePklg kof{Kt k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f gx'Fbf cem} 

;f]r] hlt ljsf; x'g g;s]sf] atfpF5g\ :yfgLo uf]kL/fd yfkf . 

dfgx'Fsf]6sf] k|rf/k|;f/sf nflu r08Lk"l0f{dfsf] cj;/df 

sf}/fxf pT;j ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . ;d'b|L ;txb]lv Ps xhf/ !)) 

ld6/ prfOdf /x]sf] dfgx'Fsf]6df zlgaf/ / ljbfsf] lbgdf %)) 

eGbf a9L ko{6s k'Ug] u/]sf 5g\ . dfgx'Fsf]6sf] ljsf;sf nflu Jof; 

gu/kflnsfn] k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fdf ;d]t Wofg lbPsf] 5 . gu/kflnsfn] 

dfgx'Fsf]6sf] u'?of]hgf lgdf{0f u/L o;sf] ljsf;sf nflu sfd yfn]sf] 

atfpF5g\ gu/ k|d'v a}s'07 Gof}kfg] . pgsf cg';f/ dfgx'Fsf]6sf] 

ko{6g k|j4{gsf nflu Eo'6fj/ agfpg] tof/L ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf 

nflu gu/kflnsfn] #) nfv ah]6 ;d]t ljlgof]hg ul/;s]sf] 5 . 

Eo'6fj/ ag]kl5 oxfFaf6 dfbL / ;]tL gbLdf agfOg] 8\ofd, ljleGg 

lxdz[ª\vnf, tgx'F, sf:sL, gjnk/f;L, uf]/vf nufotsf lhNnfsf 

dgf]/d b[Zosf] ;fy} kmfF6x¿ ;lhn} b]Vg ;lsG5 . gu/kflnsfn] 

dfgx'Fsf]6df s]a'nsf/ ;~rfngsf nflu ;DefJotf cWoog;d]t 

yfn]sf] 5 . dfgx'Fsf]6sf] d'Vo ;d:of eg]sf] vfg]kfgLsf] xf] . 

r}t] wfgsf] aLp ;'Sg yfNof] 

wDaf]hL -h;_– b'O{ afnL wfgv]tL ug{ ;lsg] eGb} xf}l;Psf 

alb{of /fhfk'/sf ls;fg Rf}t] wfgsf] aLp dg{ yfn]kl5 lrlGgt ag]sf 

5g\ . ef}/f If]qsf] /fhfk'/ gu/kflnsf / u]?jf ufpFkflnsfnfO{ wfg 

pTkfbgsf] b[li6n] pko'Qm dfg]/ /fhfk'/ If]qnfO{ k|wfgdGqL s[lif 

;'k/hf]g;d]t 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] xf] . /fhfk'/df r}t] wfgsf] aLpdf 

9';LhGo /f]u nfu]sf] :yfgLojf;L zflGt yf¿n] atfP . /fhfk'/df 

b'O{ afnL wfgv]tL ug{ ;lsg] k|z:t ;Defjgf b]lvPkl5 ls;fgnfO{ 

s[lif ;]jf s]Gb|af6 wfgsf] aLp cg'bfgdf ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . 

æwfgsf] aLp /fd|/L t pld|of] t/ a]gf{ dg{ yfn]sf] 5Æ, yf¿n] eg] . 

k|fljlwsn] eg]em}F d]xgt u/L !) sÝfdf aLp /f]Kg /fv] klg aLp 

d/]/ ;lsg yfn]sf] pgsf] egfO 5 . æahf/af6 ljiffbL NofP/ t 

5l/of] t/ aLp x'g] gx'g]df cfkm" bf]wf/df k/]sL 5'Æ, yf¿n] eg] . 

wfgsf] a]gf{df /f]u nfu]sf] u'gf;f] lnP/ cfPsf ls;fgsf] v]tdf 

k|fljlws 6f]nL k7fOg] / cfkm" :jo+ klg hfg] u/]sf] k|wfgdGqL s[lif 

cfw'lgsLs/0f kl/of]hgf wfg ;'k/hf]g sfo{qmd /fhfk'/sf jl/i7 

s[lif clws[t jL/]Gb| k/fh'nLn] atfP . 

dxTjk"0f{ 6]lnkmf]g gDa/x¿ 



Uff]bfj/Ldf hUUff ljjfbsf ph"/L cTolws 

Uff]bfj/L -h;_– uf]bfj/L 

gu/kflnsfdf rfn" cfly{s jif{ 

@)&%÷&^ sf] kmfu'g % ut] 

;Dddf #) eGbf a9L hUuf 

ljjfbsf ph"/L k/]sf] 5 . 

;/sf/n] :yfgLo lgsfonfO{ 

Goflos ;ldltsf] lhDd]jf/L 

lbPkl5 hUUff ljjfbsf a9L 

ph"/L gu/kflnsfdf k/]sf x'g\ . 

gu/kflnsfdf rfn" cfjsf] 

z'?cftb]lv kmfu'g % ut];Dd 

s"n ^) ph"/L k/]sf] 5 . uf]bfj/L 

gu/kflnsfsf Goflos ;ldlt 

;lrjfno ;b:o ;Gtaxfb'/ 

b];f/sf cg';f/ gu/kflnsfdf 

k/]sf s"n ^) ph"/LdWo] #) 

hUUff ljjfbsf 5g\ . pgn] eg], 

æafFsL cGo ph"/L lgdf{0f /f]Ssf, 

Gofo lbnfpg] ;DalGw, cfjZos 

sf/jfxL tyf af6f] sfod / 

hUUff lkmtf{ ug]{ ljifosf /x]sf 

5g\ . Æ uf]bfj/Ldf clxn];Dd 

;DaGw ljR5]b ;DalGw ph"/L 

eg] k/]sf] 5}g . 

;]jf tyf ;'ljwfsf] dfu 

uf]bfj/L gu/kflnsfsf] 

:Jff:Yo zfvfn] gu/kflnsf;Fu 

cfjZos ljleGg ;]jf tyf 

;'ljwfsf] dfu u/]sf] 5 . 

ljleGg j:t'sf] cefj /x]sfn] 

Gfu/kflnsf;Fu dfu ul/Psf] 

uf]bfj/L gu/kflnsfsf :jf:Yo 

zfvf k|d'v dw'/fd s];Ln] atfP . 

ægu/kflnsfaf6 k|To]s dxLgf 

a}7s a;]afktsf] oftfoft 

vr{ kfpg ;s]sf 5}gf}FÆ, pgn] 

eGGf'eof] . gu/kflnsfsf] :jf:Yo 

zfvfn] oxfFsf] !$ j6} j8fdf 

ljleGGf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ub}{ 

cfPsf] 5 . 

gu/kflnsfn] :jf:Yo 

zfvfdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lsf] 

z]o/ ahf/ M ;ft cª\sn] a9Øf] 

sf7df8f}F -h;_– nuftf/ 

cf]/fnf] nfUb} cfPsf] z]o/ ahf/df 

;f]daf/ eg] ;'wf/ b]lvPsf] 5 . 

g]kfn :6s PS;r]~hsf cg';f/ 

sf/f]jf/ dfks g]K;] kl/;"rs 

&=$! laGb'n] a9]/ Ps xhf/ !) 

(=&# laGb'df k'u]sf] 5 . o:t} 

7"nf sDkgLsf] z]o/ sf/f]jf/ 

dfkg ug]{ ;]G;]l6e kl/;"rs 

!=%( laGb'n] a9]/ @#%=&* 

laGb'df k'u]sf] 5 . s"n !^^ 

sDkgLsf] ;ft nfv @) xhf/ 

*$% lsQf z]o/ ? @) s/f]8 

#* nfv #( xhf/ *^$ d"Nodf 

v/Lb laqmL eP . sf/f]jf/ ePsf 

bz pk;d"xdWo] ;f]daf/ ljQ 

If]qsf] dfq} z]o/ cf]/fnf] nfu]sf] 

lrtjg -h;_– cl3Nnf] 

jif{sf] t'ngfdf o; jif{ lhNnfdf 

;'Gtnf pTkfbg cfwf 36]sf] 5 . 

af]6df /f]u / yGSofpg] a]nfdf 

jiff{ eP kl5 oxfFsf] ;'Gtnf 

pTkfbgdf c:jefljs ?kdf 

sdL cfPsf] xf] . s[lif 1fg s]Gb| 

e/tk'/n] lbPsf] hfgsf/Lcg';f/ 

lhNnfdf o; jif{ Ps xhf/ @)) 

d]l6«s 6g ;'Gtnf pTkfbg ePsf] 

5 . ut jif{ b'O{ xhf/ d]l6«s 6g 

;'Gtnf pTkfbg ePsf] lyof] . 

sfof{nosf afujfgL ljsf; 

clws[t wgaxfb'/ yfkfsf 

cg';f/ lhNnfdf @@) x]S6/ 

If]qkmndf ;'Gtnf v]tL ul/G5 . 

hxfF cl3Nnf] jif{ s/La ? ;ft 

s/f]8sf] ;'Gtnf laqmL ePsf] 

lyof] . o; jif{ eg] ? tLg s/f]8 

&) nfv *) xhf/sf] ;'Gtnf 

5 . ;f] pk;d"x )=^% laGb'n] 

36\bf a}+lsª $=)&, xf]6n !=%@, 

ljsf; a}+s @=@&, hnljB't\ 

%=!#, lghL{jg aLdf &@=!&, 

pTkfbg @)=#&, cGo !)=%*, 

n3'ljQ !)=%!, hLjg aLdf 

^)=)@ laGb'n] a9]sf] 5 . 

a9]sf] ahf/df cfFv'vf]nf 

hnljB't\ sDkgLsf z]o/wgLn] 

^=$( k|ltzt sdfPsf 5g\ . 

o:t} k'|8]lG;on O:of]/]G; 

sDkgL %=*^, g]sf] OG:of]/]G; 

sDkgL, lxdfnog l8l:6«n/Lsf 

z]o/wgLn] #=&& k|ltzt 

sdfPsf 5g\ . o:t} ;xof]uL 

ljsf; a}+ssf z]o/wgLn] 

*=** k|ltzt, Unf]an 

;'Gtnf pTkfbg 36Øf] 

laqmL ePsf] 5 . 

lhNnfsf] OR5fsfdgf 

ufpFkflnsfdf dfq ;'Gtnf v]tL 

xF'b} cfPsf] 5 . ;f] ufpFkflnsfsf] 

sfpn], r08Le~Hofª, tfldg, 

bf/]rf]snufotsf] If]qsf $%) 

s[ifsn] ;'Gtnf v]tL ub{} cfPsf 

5g\ . bf/]rf]ssf ;'Gtnf s[ifs 

s[i0faxfb'/ u'?ªsf cg';f/ l6Kg] 

a]nfdf tLg lbg;Dd em/L k/]kl5 

w]/} ;'Gtnf s'lxP/ gf]S;fg 

ePsf] lyof] . o:t} ;'Gtnfsf] 

af]6sf] 6'Kkf]af6 km]b;Dd ;'Sb} 

hfg] ;d:ofn] lgs} gf]S;fg 

ePsf] pgn] atfP . ut jif{ ? 

@# nfvsf] ;'Gtnf laqmL u/]sf 

u'?ªn] o; jif{ ToxL af/Lsf] 

;'Gtnfaf6 ? !% nfv dfq 

sdfO ePsf] atfP . pgn] $) 

x]S6/df ;'Gtnf nufPsf 5g\ . 

;d:ofnfO{ ;odd} Wofg glbFbf 

k|To]s dxLgf kfpg'kg{] kfl/>lds 

kfpg l9nfO ePsf] 5 . 

ægu/kflnsfdf la/fdLsf] 

:jf:Yo k/LIf0fsf nflu y'k|} 

cfjZos ;fdu|L yKg'kg{] 5Æ, 

s];Ln] yk], æcf}iflwnufot cGo 

j:t' e08f/0fsf] nflu plrt 

e08f/0f sIfsf] Joj:yfkg ug{ 

;lsPsf] 5}g . Æ 

ut jif{ :jf:Yo zfvfdf 

sfo{/t sd{rf/Lsf] /sd 

lgsf;fsf] sfd l9nf] xF'bf () 

k|ltzt sfd dfq ;DkGg ePsf] 

s];Ln] atfP . k|b]z ;/sf/n] 

o; jif{b]lv jif{sf] Ps k6s 

:jf:Yo :jo+;]ljsfnfO{ lbOg] 

? b'O{ xhf/ %)) ;~rf/ 

vr{afktsf] /sdsf nflu 

gu/kflnsfdf k6sk6s 

tfs]tf ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . 

cfOPdO ;d'Gglt l:sd Ps 

%=^@, g]zgn xfO8«f]kfj/ 

sDkgL #=@@, ldlynf n3'ljQ 

ljQLo ;+:yfsf z]o/wgLn] 

#=!# k|ltztn] u'dfPsf 

5g\ . sf/f]jf/sf cfwf/df 

;f]daf/ glan a}+ssf] ? b'O{ 

s/f]8 %) nfv &! xhf/ 

@^(, glan a}+ssf] ;+:yfks 

z]o/ ? Ps s/f]8 $) nfv 

!@ xhf/ ^$#, dflyNnf] 

tfdfsf]zL hnljB't\ sDkgL 

lnld6]8 ? &* nfv *^ 

xhf/ %$@, Plzog nfOkm 

OG:of]/]G; sDkgLsf] ? ^* 

nfv ^* xhf/ **# d"Nodf 

v/Lb laqmL ePsf 5g\ . 

df3df kfgL k/]kl5 

;'Gtnfsf] d"No;d]t 36]sf] 

lyof] . u'?ªsf cg';f/ ? (% 

k|ltlsnf] laqmL ePsf] ;'Gtnf 

kfgL k/]kl5 ? @) ;Dd em/]sf] 

lyof] . ;'Gtnf pTkfbgdf j[l4 

x'g'kg]{ ;dodf 36\b} hfFbf 

s[ifs lrlGtt ag]sf 5g\ . 

afujfgL clws[t yfkfn] 

6'Kkf]af6 db}{ k"/} af]6 ;'Sg] 

;d:of b]zJofkL?kdf b]lvPsf] 

atfP . o;nfO{ Go"gLs/0fsf 

nflu s[ifsn] af]8f]ld>0f / 

af]8f]k]:6sf] k|of]u ug'{kg]{ pgn] 

atfP . sfof{nosf k|fljlws v]tL 

ePs} 7fpFdf uP/ s[ifsnfO{ ?v 

dg{ af6 arfpgsf nflu pkrf/ 

k4lQ l;sfpg] u/]sf] eP klg 

lgoGq0f x'g g;Sbf pTkfbgdf 

sdL cfPsf] yfkfn] atfP . 

s[ifs oflGqsLs/0ftkm{ 

tD3f; -h;_– u'NdLdf ds} … atfP . bjf8Lsf cg';f/ cg'bfgdf s[lifcf}hf/ ;~rfng;DaGwL k|of]ufTds 

hf]gÚ sfo{qmd nfu" eP;Fu} oxfFsf ljt/0f ul/Psf s[lif cf}hf/ cEof;df ;xhLs/0f u/]sf x'g\ . 

s[ifs oflGqsLs/0ftkm{ cfslif{t x' Fb} ;fdu|L ;~rfng ug{ s[ifsnfO{ cfˆg} 3/b}nf]df cfP/ cfˆgf ;–;fgf 

uPsf 5g\ . ;f] sfo{qmd cGt{ut ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] p2]Zon] kl/of]hgfn] kfvfaf/Ldf cf}hf/ pks/0f k|of]u ug{ 

ds}afnLdf oflGqss/0f k|j4{gsf :yfgLo txd} k'u]/ pgLx¿nfO{ / To;sf nflu cfjZos k|fljlws 

nflu xfn;Dd $& j6f s[ifs ;d"x 

/ ;xsf/L ;+:yfdf %) k|ltzt 

cg'bfgdf !(%yfg oflGqs ;fdu|L 

dd{t;Def/;DaGwL tfnLd lbFb} 

cfPsf] 5 . O:dfufpFkflnsfcGtu{t 

rf}/f;LkmfF6df ls;fgnfO{ pgLx¿sf] 

hfgsf/L kfFpbf ToxfFsf s[ifs lgs} v'zL 

ePsf 5g\ . ufpFdf g} ldlg l6«n/sf] 

k|of]uaf6 k|lt306f b'O{ /f]kgL;Dd hf]Tg 

ljt/0f ul/Psf] xf] . kl/of]hgfåf/f v]t afl/df cf}hf/ k|of]u P+j ;lsg] ePsf sf/0f xn uf]? clg 

s[ifsnfO{ pknAw u/fOPsf ;fdu|Ldf 

kfj/ l6«n/ b'O{ yfg, ldgL l6«n/ ^@ 

yfg, sg{ ;]n/ #&, HofjKnf06/ #*, 

;~rfng;DaGwL tfnLd lbOPsf] 

lyof] . pQm If]qsf @@ ls;fg 

;d"xsf ls;fgnfO{ ldgL l6«n/, 

v]tfnfsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g] dbfg]– 

& sf s[ifs uf]ljGb kGyLn] atfP . 

ds} hf]g u'NdLsf ;b:o nf]saxfb'/ 

emf/ uf]8\g] d]lzg !) / wfg /f]Kbf HofjKnf06/, l;8l8«n, ds} 5f]8fpg] s' Fj/sf cg';f/ sfo{qmdn] s[ifsnfO{ 

v]t lxNofpg] d]lzg $^ yfg /x]sf d]lzg, emf/ uf]8\g] d]lzg Pj+ aLp ds};DaGwL ljleGg cf}hf/ 

5g\ . s[lif oflGqs Pj+ cf}hf/sf] ;'sfpg] 8«fo/ ;~rfng tyf pks/0f pknAw u/fpg] / To:tf 

k|of]udfkm{t nfut 36fO pTkfbg 

/ pTkfbsTj a9fpg] p2]Zon] 

;fdfGo dd{t;Def/;DaGwL tfnLd 

k|of]ufTds ?kdf ;~rfng ul/Psf] 

cf}hf/sf] bL3{sfn;Dd k|of]usf nflu 

tfnLd;d]t ;~rfng ug]{ u/]sfn] 

s[ifsnfO{ kl/of]hgfsf] tkm{af6 ? $* lyof] . cfw'lgs s[lif ls;fg ;+;f/ s[ifsn] ;fdfGo ;d:of :jo+n] 

nfv d"Nosf] cf}hf/ tyf pks/0f 

pknAw u/fOPsf] k|wfgdGqL s[lif 

e/tk'/ lrtjgsf] k|fljlws ;xof]udf 

;~rfng ul/Psf] pQm ds} hf]g 

;dfwfg ug{ ;Ifd x'g'sf ;fy} 

To;sf] k|of]uaf6 pTkfbgdf j[l4 x'g] 

cfw'lgsLs/0f kl/of]hgf ds} hf]g ;~rfns ;ldltsf ;+of]hs s[i0fk|;fb u/]sfn] cfkm"x¿ s[lifoGqsf] k|of]utkm{ 

u'NdLsf k|d'v s'nk|;fb baf8Ln] l3ld/] nufotsf JolQmn] ;xefuLnfO{ cfslif{t ePsf] atfP . 

:jf:Yo ;]jf 

• aL/ c:ktfn )!–$@@!(** 

• lq=la= lzIf0f c:ktfn, dxf/fhu+h, )!– $$!@&)& 

• kf6g c:ktfn )!– %%@@@&* 

• k|z'tL u[x, yfkfynL, )!– $@%#@)&& 

• dfgl;s c:ktfn )!– %%@!### 

• sf7df8f}+ df]8]n c:ktfn,afuahf/, )!–$@$)*)%÷)^ 

• sflGtafn c:ktfn, dxf/fhu+h )!–$$@&$%@ 

• /Qm;+rf/ s]Gb|, afns'df/L, )!–%!*^)^% 

• g]kfn cfFvf a}+s )!–$$(#^*$ 

• la P08 la c:ktfn, Ujfsf]{ )!–%%##@)^ 

• ltnu+uf cfFvf c:ktfn )!–$@^!@%( 

• 6]s' c:ktfn )!–$@%##(^ 

• cNsf c:ktfn )!–%%%%%%% 

• sflGtk'/ 8]G6n x:kL6n, a;'Gw/f, )!–$#*%(!)÷!! 

• g]kfn afy /f]u pkrf/ s]Gb| )!–%%@!@)* 

• cGt/fli6«o afn d}qL c:ktfn, dxf/fhu+h 

)!–$$!%$^! 

• ;dfh 8]G6b c:ktfn )!–$$&!))# 

• lr/fo' g]zgn x:kL6n, a;'Gw/f )!–$#*@#*@ 

• u|f08L O{G6/g]zgn c:ktfn )!–%!%(@^^÷%!%(@^% 

PDa'n]G; ;]jf 

• g]kfn PDa'n]G; ;]jf !)@ 

• sflGtk'/ c:ktfn ltgs'g] )!–$!!!(%& 

• gle{s O{G6/g]zgn c:ktfn )!–$@%*%%$ 

• g]kfn cyf]{k]l8s c:ktfn )!–$(!!&@%÷$(!!@&$ 

• /fli6«o x[bo s]Gb|, afF;af/L, )!–$#&!#@@÷$#&!#&$ 

• ;'d]? PDa'n]G; )!–%))##** 

• eQmk'/ /]8qm; )!–^^!@@^^ 

;'/Iff, PDa'n]G; / sfo{fno 

• bdsn !)! 

• k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no ck/]zg 6f]n k|mL g+ !^^))!$!%!^ 

• k|x/L sG6«f]n !)) 

• 6«flkms k|x/L !)# 

• cfs:dLs k|x/L ;]jf )!–$@@^((( 

• lhNnf k|x/L sf7df8f}+ )!–$@^!($% 

• j}b]lzs /f]huf/ laefu )!–$&*@$%$ 

j}b]lzs /f]huf/ k|a4{g af]8{ M )!–$!)%)%*÷$!)%)^* 

6f]n k|mL g+ !^^))!%)))%



PgcfO{;L Pl;of a}+s / pBdzLn 

dlxnf dxf;+3aLr ;Demf}tf 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–PgcfO{ 

;L Pl;of a}+sn] dlxnfx¿nfO{ 

pBdzLn agfpg] gofF of]hgf 

;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . cfOtaf/ 

a}+sn] g]kfn pBdzLn 

dlxnf dxf;+3;Fu ;xsfo{ 

u/]/ …pBdzLn art vftfÚ 

of]hgf NofPsf] xf] . ;f];DaGwL 

;Demf}tfkqdf PgcfO{ ;L Pl;of 

a}+ssf] tkm{af6 gfoj k|d'v 

sfo{sf/L clws[t ;'wL/gfy 

PgcfO{;L Plzof a}+ssf] gofF 

zfvf kf]v/fsf] k;{\ofªdf 

kf]v/f-h;_–PgcfO{;L Plzof a}+snn] kf]v/f dxfgu/kflnsf 

j8f g+ % k:of{ªdf gofF zfvf sfof{no lj:tf/ u/]sf] 5 . k:of{ª 

zfvfsf] pb\3f6g ub}{ kf]v/f dxfgu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v dfg 

axfb'/ lh;Ln] b'u{d tyf 

u|fdL0f e]udf ;d]t cfˆgf 

pkl:ylt ;an agfpFb} 

uPsf] eGb} a}+ssf] k|z+;f 

u/] . pQm zfvfn] ut ef› @ 

ut]af6 g} sf/f]af/ ;'? u/]sf] 

lyof] . a}+s g]kfnsf] a}+lsª 

If]qdf 5'6\6} klxrfg agfpg ;kmn eO;s]sf] 5 . xfn;Dd 

o; a}+sdf u|fxssf] ;+Vof sl/a !$ nfv %) xhf/ /x]sf] 5 . 

;fy} ;+:yfut ;'zf;g, hf]lvd Joj:yfkg / cfGtl/s lgoGq0f 

k|0ffnLsf] pTs[i6 cEof;nfO{ o; a}+sn] kfngf ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . 

kf08] / g]kfn pBdzLn dlxnf 

dxf;+3sf] tkm{af6 dxf;+3sL 

cWoIf b]ljsf a'9fyf]sLaLr 

;Demf}tfkqdf x:tfIf/ ePsf] 

5 . 

;f] a}+s kl5Nnf] ;do 

ljleGg u|fxsd'vL of]hgf, 

cfˆgf] Joj:yfkg, j:t' tyf 

;]jfsf] u'0f:t/, pkef]Qmf 

;Gt'li6, ;'zf;g nufotdf 

s]lG›t eP/ lghL If]qaf6 

;~rflnt a}+sx¿dWo]s} 7"nf] 

a}+s aGg ;kmn ePsf] 5 . pQm 

;Demf}tf;Fu} ca dxf;+3sf] jflif{s 

of]hgfdf k/]sf sfo{qmdx¿df 

cfjZostfcg';f/ dxf;+3sf 

k|ltlglwx¿n] pknAw 

u/fPsf] sfuhft, sf/f]af/, 

dfkb08nufotsf cfwf/df 

a}+sn] shf{ k|jfx ug{ ;Sg] 

cj:yf /x]df JolQmut shf{ 

¿= @ nfvb]lv ¿=!) nfv;Dd 

pBdzLn k|fs[lts AolQmsf 

nflu pknAw u/fOg]5 . o; 

;Demf}tfn] g]kfn ;/sf/n] 

xfn} sfof{Gjog dfNofPsf] 

;x'lnotk'0f{ shf{ of]hgfsf 

nflu klg of]ubfg k'Ug] ljZjf; 

a}+sn] lnPsf] 5 . 

PgcfOaLPnsf] ## cf}“ jflif{sf]T;j 

s f 7 d f 8 f } + - 

h;_–g]kfn OGe]i6d]06 

a}+s ln=-PgcfOaLPn_n] ## 

cf}F jflif{sf]T;jsf] pknIodf 

;f]daf/af6 PgcfOaLPn qmlds 

d'BtL vftf z'ef/De u/]sf] 5 . 

a}+sdf s'g}klg art vftf vf]Ng] 

u|fxsn] qmlds d'2tL vftf 

vf]Ng ;Sg] 5g\ . x/]s dlxgf 

Go'gtd ### ?k}ofF hDdf u/]/ ## 

dlxgfsf] cjlwsf nflu pRrtd 

(=@% k|ltzt Aofh kfpg] a}+sn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . 

To:t} afnaflnsfx?df 

ljQLo ;fIf/tf lj:tf/ ug]{ 

p2]Zon] a}+s;Fusf] gftf, d]/f] 

cfˆg} art vftf gfddf 

lrqsyf ;fa{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . 

ljif]z u/L jfnjflnsfx?nfO{ 

;fg} pd]/b]lv g} a}+ssf] dxTj 

tyf kmfObf a'emfO{ pgLx?df 

art ug]{ afgLsf] ljsf; 

ug{sf nflu PgcfO{aLPnn] 

hfgsf/Ld"ns afn 

lrqsyf k|sfzgdf NofPsf] 

xf] . o:t} ##cf}+ jflif{sf]T;jsf] 

cj;/df PgcfO{aLPn leiff 

sf8{ k|of]ustf{sf nflu kLcf]P; 

d]l;g k|of]u ubf{ ## k|ltzt 

Sof; Aofs ckm/ ## lbgsf 

nflu k|bfg ul/g] a}+sn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . o;jif{b]lv 

a}+sn] cfˆgf sf8{ ;~hfndf 

df:6/sf8{sf] ;]jf ;+rfngdf 

NofPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ 

@)&$/&% sf] cGTo;Dddf 

a}+ssf] r'Qmfk"FhL!@ ca{ %* 

s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 eg] hu]8f tyf 

sf]ifsf] /sd ( ca{ && s/f]8 

k'u]sf] a}+sn] hgfPsf] 5 . 

a}+sn] @)&$/&% df $ ca{ 

(% s/f]8sf] ;~rfng d'gfkmf 

sdfPsf] 5 eg] v'bgfkmf # cj{ 

^% s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . a}+ssf] 

lgIf]k !!=$% k|ltztn] a9]/! 

va{ $) ca{ k'u]sf] 5 eg] shf{ 

nufgL! ;o @) ca{ k'u]sf] 

5 . a}+ssf] v/fashf{ -Pg=lk=P=_ 

cg'kft !=#^ k|ltzt /x]sf] a}+sn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . ## cf}+ a;Gtkf/ 

ubf{ cfly{s jif{ @)&%÷&^sf] 

bf];|f] q}df;;Dddf a}+sn] Ps 

va{ $@ ca{ lgIf]k ;+sng u/L 

Ps va{ @* ca{ shf{ nufgL 

u/]sf] 5 . pQm q}df;;Dddf 

a}+sn] $ ca{ & s/f]8 ;+rfng 

d'gfkmf sdfpg ;kmn ePsf] 5 

eg] ! ca{ (& s/f]8 v'b d'gfkmf 

sdfPsf] a}+såf/f k|sflzt 

lj1lKtdf pNn]v 5 . 

l;4fy{ a}+sn] ;x'lnotk"0f{ shf{ lbg yfNof] 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–l;4fy{ a}+sn] 

g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 hf/L lgb]{zg 

@)&% cg'?k Aofh cg'bfg 

;lxtsf] ;x'lnotk"0f{ shf{ 

cfˆgf] ;Dk"0f{ zfvfx? dfkm{t 

;]jfu|fxLnfO{ k|bfg ug{ ;'rf? 

u/]sf] 5 . h;df l;4fy{ dlxnf 

pBdlzntf shf{ !% nfv;Dd 

/x]sf] 5 . To;}u/L l;4fy{ 

ljb]zaf6 kms]{sf o'jf kl/of]hgf 

shf{ !) nfv;Dd, l;4fy{ pRr 

/ k|fljlws tyf Joj;fo shf{ % 

nfv;Dd, l;4fy{ blnt ;d'bfo 

Joj;fo shf{ !) nfv;Dd, 

l;4fy{ e'sDk lkl8t cfjf; 

lgdf{0f shf{ # nfv;Dd, l;4fy{ 

lzlIft o'jf :j/f]huf/ shf{ & 

nfv;Dd, l;4fy{ Joj;flos 

s[lif tyf kz'kG5L shf{ % 

s/f]8;Dd /x]sf] 5 . 

a}+sn] u|fxsx?sf] dfu 

adf]lhd gljgtd ljlQo ;]jfx? 

;/n / ;xh ?kdf pknAw 

u/fO{ u|fxsx?sf] ;Gt'li6 / 

;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] dg lhTb} 

b]zsf] cu|0fL a}+s aGg] kl/sNkgf 

u/]sf] 5 . a}+sn] xfn;Dd b]ze/ 

/x]sf !#( j6f zfvf -# PS:6]G;g\ 

sfpG6/ ;lxt_, (( zfvf/lxt 

a}+lsË tyf !%) j6f Pl6Pdx? 

dfkm{t ^ nfv @@ xhf/ eGbf 

al9 u|fxsx?nfO{ a}+lsË ;]jf 

k'¥ofpFb} cfO/x]sf] 5 . 

;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/Lsf] nflu xfdL sxfF l;wf} 

;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf, xfdL tkfO{sf] Ifdtf 

cg';f/sf] /f]huf/Ldf k7fpg] 5f}+ . 

skf]{/]6 

sfdgf ;]jfsf] ^& cf}+ zfvf xl/jgdf 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–sfdgf ;]jf ljsf; a}+s lnld6]8n] cfˆgf] 

;]jf lj:tf/sf] qmddf ;nf{xL lhNnfsf] xl/jg gu/kflnsf !!df 

^& cf}+ zfvf sfof{no ;+rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . a}+ssf ;+rfns 

an/fd a/fn tyf k|d'v sfo{sf/L 

clws[t k|lj0f a:g]tn] ;+o'Qm 

?kdf sf/f]af/ z'ef/De u/] . pQm 

sfo{qmddf a}+ssf k|b]z g+ @ sf 

k|d'v /fs]z l;+x tyf a}+ssf pRr 

kb:y sd{rf/Lx?sf] klg pkl:ylt 

/x]sf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmddf k|d'v 

sfo{sf/L clws[tn] pQm zfvf k|b]z g+ @ sf] nflu t];|f] zfvf 

ePsf] / yk zfvfx? klg zL3| ;~rfngdf Nofpg] ul/ lgdf{0f tyf 

;hfj6sf] sfd eO{/x]sf] atfP . 

g]kfn a·nfb]z a}+s / g]kfn SofG;/ 

c:ktfnaLr ;]jf ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–g]kfn aËnfb]z a}+s / g]kfn SofG;/ c:ktfn,xl/ 

l;4L nlntk'/aLr ;]jf cfbfgk|bfg ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf ePsf] xf] . 

;Demf}tfkqdf g]kfn aËnfb]z a}+ssf gfoj k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t 

;'/]G› e'if0f >]i7 / g]kfn 

SofG;/ c:ktfnsf sfo{sf/L 

cWoIf 8f= ;'lbk >]i7n] x:tfIf/ 

u/]sf x'g\ . ;Demf}tf cg';f/ 

g]kfn SofG;/ c:ktfnn] g]kfn 

aËnfb]z a} +såf/f hf/L ePsf 

8]lj6/qm]l86 sf8{ k|of]u ug]{ 

u|fxsx?nfO{ c:ktfnåf/f k|bfg ul/g] ljleGg ;]jfdf % k|ltzt b]lv 

!) k|ltzt ;Dd 5'6 k|bfg ug] { hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . pQm ;Demf} +tfn] b'j} 

;+:yfsf u|fxsx?nfO{ ;'ljwf k'Ug] a}+sn] hgfPsf] 5 . 

/]gf] ;le{; SofDk z'? 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–/]gf] g]kfnsf] nflu cflwsfl/s ljt/s P8\efG; 

c6f] df]jfON; k|flnn] pkef]Qmfsf] ;'ljwfsf nflu /]gf] ;le{; SofDk 

kmfu'g !@ ut] b]lv ;+rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . of] ;le{; SofDk r}q % 

ut];Dd g]kfnsf ljleGg zx/ 

x?df cfof]hgf x'g]5 . h;df 

pkef]Qmfn] cfˆgf] uf8Lsf] 

pTs[i6 ;le{; ;]jf kfpg] 5g\ . 

/]gf]n] of] ;le{; SofDksf] lyd 

…8«fOe a]6/, lne a]6/Ú /x]sf] 

5 . h;n] u|fxsnfO{ ;jf]{Qd 

/ cg's/0fLo ;]jf lbg'sf ;fy} dd{tsf] klg ;'ljwf k|bfg ug]{5 . 

of] ;le{; SofDkdf ;xefuL x'g] u|fxsn] ljleGg 5'6sf ;'ljwfx? 

kfpg] sDkgLn] hgfPsf] 5 . h;df lgMz'Ns n]a/ rfh{, !% k|ltzt 

n'la|s]G6df 5'6, P;Ldf @)) lhPd l/lkmlnª lgz'Ns, :k]o/ kf6{:df 

!) k|ltzt 5'6, lg:z'Ns e]Osn r]sck, w'nfO{ / sf]n]g lgMz'Ns 

lbOg] 5 . To;}n] glhs}sf] l8n/df uP/ uf8Lsf] ;lel{\;ª / dd{t ug{ 

sDkgLn] lj1lKt dfkm{t cfu|x cg'/f]w u/]sf] 5 . 

afN6«fsf] :df6{ $s] o'Pr8L 

6]lnlehg g]kfnL ahf/df 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–O{n]S6«f]lgs pTkfbg afN6«fn] km/s /]~hsf 

afN6«f :df6{ $s] o'Pr8L 

6]lnlehg ahf/df nGr u/]sf] 

5 . g]kfnL ahf/df afN6«fn] 

%% / %) OGrsf :df6{ $s] 

o'Pr8L 6]lnlehgsf ;fy} $) 

OGrsf ljleGg PkmPr8L :df6{ 

6]lnlehg klg lalqm–ljt/0f 

ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . gjLgtd 

k|ljlwx?åf/f pTkflbt ah]6 

;'xfpFbf] afN6«fsf 6]lnlehgdf 

pTs[i6 Sjfln6Lsf ;fy} @ jif{sf] k"0f{ jf/]06L /x]sf] 5 . 

O{n]S6«f]lgs tyf 3/]n' ;fdfgx?df ljljw / gjLg pTkfbgx? 

pTkfbg ub}{ cfPsf] afN6«f xf]d PKnfOG;]:n] ljut !) jif{b]lv g]kfnL 

pkef]Qmfx?sf] dg lhTb} cfPsf] 5 . %% / %) OGrdf pknAw 

6]lnlehgdf $s] o'Pr8L l;g]df l8:Kn], cN6«f l:Nd a8L, jfO{8 

l:qmg, xfO{ l/hf]n';g, xfO{ Snfl/6L, ld/f l:qmg, Pr8LPdcfO{ cflb 

ljz]iftfx? /x]sf 5g\ . 

kf“ry/ kfj/sf] cfOlkcf] laqmL z'? 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–kfFry/ kfj/ sDkgL lnld6]8n] cfhb]lv ;fwf/0f 

;]o/ -cfOlkcf]_ laqmL ;'? u/]sf] 5 . sDkgLn] ? !& s/f]8 %) nfv 

@% xhf/ a/fa/sf] !& nfv %) xhf/ @%) lsQf cfOkLcf] laqmL 

z'? u/]sf] xf] . cfof]hgf 

k|efljt :yfgLo afl;Gbfn] 

;d]t glsg]sf] ;ft nfv 

*& xhf/ &%) lsQf yk 

u/L ;fwf/0f z]o/ l56f]df 

kmfu'g !^ ut];Dd laqmL 

x'g]5 . s"n lgisf;gdWo] 

#% xhf/ kfFr lsQf 

sDkgLsf sd{rf/L / *& 

xhf/ %!@ lsQf ;fd"lxs nufgL sf]ifnfO{ ;'/lIft ul/Psf] 5 . 

sDkgLn] kfFry/df !$ bzdnj ( d]ufjf6sf] x]jfvf]nf hnljB't\ 

cfof]hgf ;~rfng ul//x]sf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf] s"n nfut ? b'O{ ca{ 

^! s/f]8 $& nfv /x]sf] sDkgLsf ;~rfns k'ikHof]lt 9'Ëfgfn] 

hfgsf/L lbP . s]o/ g]kfn lnld6]8n] u/]sf] /]l6ªdf sDkgLsf] cfly{s 

cj:yf sdhf]/ /x]sf] eGb} u|]8 rf/ lbPsf] 5 . sDkgLsf] z]o/ laqmL 

k|aGwsdf ;flgdf Soflk6n lnld6]8 /x]sf] 5 . 

sf=lh=k|=sf=b=g+= @*)÷)^$÷)^% 

d=If]=x'=lg=b=g+= )#÷)&)÷&! 

gf8]k n3'ljQ ljQLo 

;+:yfn] %# k|ltztn] gfkmf 36fof] 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–gf8]k 

n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yf lnld6]8n] 

bf];|f] q}df;df v'b d'gfkmf ! 

s/f]8 $@ nfv ?k}ofF sdfPsf] 

5 . h'g ut jif{sf] ;f]lxcjlwsf] 

t'ngfeGbf %# bzdnj $# 

k|ltztn] gfkmf 36]sf] xf] . 

cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]lxcjlwdf gfkmf 

# s/f]8 ^ nfv ?k}ofF sdfPsf] 

lyof] . !^ s/f]8 ?k}ofF r'Qmf k'FhL 

ePsf] gf8]kn] hu]8fsf]ifdf !( 

s/f]8 * nfv ?k}ofF 5'6fPsf] 

5 . h;n] lgIf]kdf (^ s/f]8 

*% nfv ?k}ofF ;+sng u/]sf] 

5 . shf{df $! bzdnj *) 

k|ltztn] j[l4 u/L # ca{ @* 

s/f]8 &$ nfv ?k}ofF nufgL 

u/]sf] 5 . 

gf8]ksf] v'b Jofh 

cfDbfgL & bzdnj @) 

k|ltztn] a9]/ !! s/f]8 (& 

nfv ?k}ofF k'u]sf] 5 . eg] 

;+rfng d'gfkmf %% bzdnj 

%% k|ltztn] 36]/ @ s/f]8 

?k}ofF k'u]sf] 5 . v'b Jofh 

cfDbfgL a9]klg ;+rfng 

d'gfkmf 36]sf] x'bfF gfkmf klg 

36]sf] xf] . h;n] k|f]lehgdf 

!# u'0ffn] a9]/ # s/f]8 ## 

nfv ?k}ofF 5'6fPsf] 5 . 

gf8]ksf] lgis[o shf{ $ bzdnj 

$# k|ltzt, hf]lvd o'Qm ;DklQ 

( bzdnj %$ k|ltzt, k|ltz]o/ 

cfDbfgL jflif{s !& bzdnj *$ 

?k}ofF, d"No cfDbfgL cg'kft 

$$ bzdnj *$ u'0ff, k|ltz]o/ 

g]6jy{ @!( bzdnj @( ?k}ofF 

/ t/ntf cg'kft ( bzdnj % 

k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . 

kmfu'g !^ / !& ut] ;fgf ls;fg ;Dd]ng 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–cfufdL 

kmfu'g !^ / !& ut] sf7df8f}+ 

;fgf ls;fg ;Dd]ng x'g] ePsf] 

5 . …;fgf ls;fgsf] ;d[l4 : 

s[lifdf ?kfGt/0f / pBdzLntf 

ljsf;Ú eGg] gf/fsf ;fy x'g] 

;Dd]ng ;fgf ls;fg ljsf; 

n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yf, g]kfn 

s[lif ;xsf/L s]G›Lo ;+3 / 

;fgf ls;fg ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] 

cfof]hgfdf x'g nfu]sf xf] . 

;Dd]ngdf b]ze/sf Ps 

xhf/ ;fgf ls;fg k|ltlglw 

Pjd\ ljleGg If]qsf /fli6«o 

tyf cGt/fl{\i6«o lj1, cGj]ifs, 

cWo]tf, cEof;stf{, ljBfyL{, 

of]hgfljb\ tyf gLlt lgdf{tf u/L 

s'n !@ ;o hgfsf] ;xeflutf 

/xg] ck]Iff cfof]hssf] 

5 . ;Dd]ngsf :yndf ;fgf 

ls;fgåf/f pTkflbt s[lif 

;fdu|Lsf] k|bz{gL Pjd\ laqmL 

:6n /xg] 5g\ . 

:6ndf ;fgf ls;fgåf/f 

pTkflbt lrof, df;, a];f/, 

cb'jf, l;:g'sf] kfp8/, 

k]lkgf]d]ng, lsaL, csa/] 

v';f{gL, clDn;f], s]/fsf] 

lrK;, df5fsf] ;'s'6Lnufot 

gjLs/0fLo pmhf{ k|ljlw, s[lif 

;fdu| /xg]5g\ . ;Dd]ngsf 

qmddf ul/aL lgjf/0f, vfB 

;'/Iff, ef]sd/Lsf] cGTo, 

pTkfbg ljsf; /f]huf/L 

l;h{gf tyf kof{j/0f ;+/If0f 

h:tf lbuf] ljsf; nIon] 

lglb{i6 u/]sf nIox? xfl;n 

ug]{ ;DaGwdf !$ ;qdf 

k|:t't x'g] @* j6f sfo{kq 

tyf !)cf}+ lel8of] Pj+ cg'ej 

s]lG›t x'g] ;fgf ls;fgn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . 

SofG;/;DaGwL hgr]tgf 

hufp“b} Unf]an cfOPdO{ a}+s 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–Unf]an 

cfOPdO{ a}+sn] SofG;/;DaGwL 

hgr]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd 

u/]sf] 5 . cfˆgf] ;fdflhs 

pQ/bfloTj cGtu{t SofG;/ 

sfplG;n g]kfn;Fusf] ;xsfo{df 

hgr]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd 

;+rfng u/]sf] a}+sn] hgfPsf] 

5 . sf7df8f}+sf] a;'Gwf/fl:yt 

x]/fN8 OG6/g]zgn sn]hdf 

cfof]lht pQm hgr]tgfd"ns 

sfo{qmddf kfFr ;o hgf 

ljByL{ / lzIfsx?sf] pkl:ytL 

/x]sf] lyof] . pQm hgr]tgfd"ns 

sfo{qmddf jl/i7 SofG;/ /f]u 

ljz]if1 k|f=8f=lji0f'bQ kf}8]nn] 

SofG;/ /f]usf] sf/0f, nIf0f 

/ /f]syfdsf pkfoaf/] :ki6 

kf/]sf lyP . o;sf ;fy} ;f]xL 

sfo{qmddf Unf]an cfOPdO{ a}+s 

lnld6]8;Fu xft]dfnf] u/L 

g]kfn k|x/Ln] ;fOa/ qmfOdsf] 

af/]df k|:t'tL klg lbPsf] 

lyof] . Unf]an cfOPdO{ a}+s 

lnld6]8n] :yfkgfsfn b]lv g} 

cfˆgf] ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTjnfO{ 

k|fyldstfdf /fv]/ ljleGg 

If]qdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpFb} cfPsf] 

5 . a}+sn] ljleGg ;dodf 

d'n'sdf cfO{kg]{ k|fs[lts 

ljklQx?; af9L, klx/f], e'sDk 

nufotsf ljktsf] ;dodf 

;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf] 5 eg] 

hgr]tgfd"ns sfo{qmdx?sf 

;fy} ;fdflhs sfo{x?df klg 

;b}j ;lqmo /xFb} cfPsf] 5 . 

Kof/f8fO{h OG6/g]zgn k|f=ln= 

av'N8f]n, nlntk'/, kmf]g M %%#$)$@, %%@@)^#, %%##$#% 

E-mail : pparadise@wilnk.com.np, 

Website : www.paradisemanpower.com 

hg;jfn klAns]zg k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt, sfof{noM b/af/dfu{, sf7df8f}+, kmf]g÷k\mofS;M )!–$@^%^(&÷$@@!*$(, d'b|sM PS;k|]; sn/ k|]; k|f=ln=, E-mail: janasawalnews@gmail.com, cWoIf÷;DkfbsM /fdhL aufn]

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