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Dehmel / Li / Sloane: Intercultural competence development in higher education study abroad
programs: A good practice example
velopment of intercultural competence in higher education.
The following parts provide background information and describe
the program’s systematic and integrated design that
builds on the re-conceptualisation and integration of selected
pedagogical approaches.
3. Defining the educational objective – intercultural
competence
The central objective of the ASBE program is to promote the
development of intercultural competence of students, based
on their short-term study abroad experience and on a comprehensive
accompanying program before, during and after
their stay abroad. The question what intercultural competence
is, i.e. how it can be defined, is difficult, but needs to
be addressed as the main starting point. Finding an accurate
definition of intercultural competence as well as approaches
to foster and assess it have always been essential concerns in
the field of research on intercultural education and learning
(Weidemann 2001, Bennett 2009, Bertelsmann Stiftung /
Fondazione Cariplo 2009). For decades, similar worries on the
lack of conceptual consensus have been echoed by researchers
and trainers (for example by Koester / Wiseman / Sanders
1994:3-7, Bradford et al. 1998:2, Lustig / Koester 2006:64).
Due to this complexity, the present chapter only provides a
very brief overview and outlines the definition that is used in
the ASBE program. For a detailed discussion on intercultural
competence and its conceptualisation as a teaching and
learning objective see Li (2009).
Although it is not possible to present a worldwide acknowledged
and commonly agreed definition of intercultural competence
[5], a distinguishing overlap among the various definitions
can be found. From a first literature study on the concept
of intercultural competence, it is derived that:
Intercultural competence
• comprises of affective, cognitive and behavioural aspects
[6] (among others: Gudykunst / Ting-Toomey / Wiseman
1991:276, Lustig / Koester 2006:69-71), which are interconnected
and cannot be fully differentiated from each
other for the purpose of learning and training,
• is multi-dimensional and domain-general; (inter)cultural
knowledge can be both culture-general and culturespecific
(Hesse 2008:48, Lustig / Koester 2006:69),
• consists – from an analytical perspective – of declarative,
procedural and strategic knowledge as well as interactive
and communicative components (Hesse 2008:48), and
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