Carrying Capacity Study of Teesta Basin in Sikkim - Affected ...

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(iii) At Jalpaiguri - 0.7 5. Catchment Area (in sq. km) 2.5 SOILS (a) Hilly Region : 8,051 (i) Sikkim : 6930 (ii) West Bengal : 1121 (b) In Plain : 4,108 (i) West Bengal : 2104 (ii) Bangladesh : 2004 Total in India : 0,155 Total in Bangladesh : 2,004 Total : 12,159 Based on the soil survey conducted by ‘National Bureau of Soil Survey of India & Land Use Planning (ICAR)’, the state has been classified into three main groups viz. i) Udalf : High base status soil of humid region ii) Orthants : Recent formed soil iii) Odhepts : Shallow blocks, brown and alluvial soil The characteristics of soil of the state vary from place to place due to topographical variations. The soil in general is loamy sand to silty clay loam with a depth of 30 cm to 100 cm and in some cases even more than 120 cm. It has less water holding capacity and is dry in nature. Chemically acidic soil abound resulting from the washing down of the salts in rain water and also on account of leaching effect. The pH value varies from 4.5 to 7.5. The soils are characterized by low to high organic matter (2-5 percent, in some 15 CISMHE
places even more than 5 percent) with low action exchange capacity and high lime requirement. Notwithstanding the relatively high organic matter content, the nitrogen content in the soil is low. Some of the plant nutrient like phosphate gets fixed in soils due to the high acidity and thus does not become available to the growing plants even on application. As such there is remarkable deficiency of micro-nutrients viz. zinc, boron, copper, calcium, magnesium, manganese etc in the soils. There is a great deal of variation in the physical properties of the soils of the state. The soils may be classified into following 5 categories: i) Soils on summit and ridge tops ii) Soils on side slopes of hills iii) Soils on valleys iv) Soils on cliff and precipitous slopes v) Soils on glacial drift moraines and boulders 2.6 DRAINAGE CHARACTERISTICS Unique in its complex and diverse drainage characteristics, the antecedent river Teesta offers a fascinating study for Himalayan drainage basin evolutionary processes under fluvial environment in particular. Studies of the Teesta drainage characteristics particularly of the river channel changes including river deposits and fluvial or fluvio- glacial processes in the Sikkim Himalayan terrain have been in progress for more than a decade. 16 CISMHE
Page 3 and 4: CARRYING CAPACITY STUDY OF TEESTA B
Page 5 and 6: Volume - I INTRODUCTORY VOLUME VOLU
Page 7 and 8: 3.6 CLIMATOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Page 9 and 10: 7.11.1 Paddy 137 7.11.2 Maize 140 7
Page 11 and 12: CHAPTER 11 CARRYING CAPACITY - PERS
Page 13 and 14: Table 5.1 Ultimate irrigation poten
Page 15 and 16: Table 11.4 Gross irrigation water r
Page 18 and 19: FACTS AT A GLANCE PART A - EXISTING
Page 20 and 21: PART B - DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE 1
Page 23 and 24: 1.1 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY INTRODUC
Page 25 and 26: (1) Socio-economic profile (2) Hydr
Page 27 and 28: important to ascertain not only the
Page 29: Subsequent to this, food and fiber
Page 32 and 33: In the context of the various exoge
Page 34 and 35: 2.2.4 East District The East distri
Page 36 and 37: Chhu sub-system, vi) Rangyong (Talu
Page 40 and 41: These landforms and drainage patter
Page 42 and 43: The Teesta drainage has been result
Page 44 and 45: economic conditions of the inhabita
Page 47 and 48: 3.1 GENERAL HYDRO-METEOROLOGY The r
Page 49 and 50: somewhat sub-tropical agro-climates
Page 51 and 52: In the hills, thunderstorms often d
Page 53 and 54: contribute to the ground water reso
Page 56 and 57: (a) Flat region of Mediterranean an
Page 58 and 59: 3.5 RAINFALL FEATURES In Teesta Bas
Page 60 and 61: stations has also been plotted and
Page 62 and 63: CISMHE
Page 64 and 65: CISMHE
Page 66 and 67: Where Ni is normal rainfall Pi is t
Page 68: Coefficent of Variance 0.7 0.6 0.5
Page 75: Table 3.6 Monthly Mean Wind Speed M
Page 78 and 79: The catchment area of Teesta basin
Page 80 and 81: Deadkhola 8. DikChhu Teesta At 14 t
Page 82 and 83: 3 DikChhu 1984-93 9580 2249 4 Khani
Page 84 and 85: Table 4.4 Comparison of Recurrence
Page 86 and 87: 50 Table 4.5(a) Details of Annual F
Page 88 and 89:
52 Table 4.5(b) Details of Annual F
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X = average of X values Z = average
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Runoff (cumec) 5500 5000 4500 4000
Page 94 and 95:
⎭ = P − E( p) var( p) where p =
Page 96 and 97:
function representing the probabili
Page 98 and 99:
Table 4.7(a) Return Period Flood by
Page 100 and 101:
Table 4.8(b) Return Period Flood by
Page 102 and 103:
4.5.2 Method of Observation and Col
Page 104 and 105:
Table 4.11 Yearwise percentage sedi
Page 106 and 107:
0.090 0.080 0.070 0.060 0.050 0.040
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68 CISMHE The annual silt load dist
Page 110:
sedimentation from site to site. No
Page 113 and 114:
wheat, barley, millets, etc. are gr
Page 115 and 116:
1998-99 0.300 0.250 1999-00 0.250 0
Page 117 and 118:
3. Antpd. exp. during IX th plan (i
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in the Planning Commission for the
Page 121 and 122:
80 CISMHE 3. Medium Farmers 216 35
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Agriculture Finance Corporation Ltd
Page 125 and 126:
5.6 PRESENT STATUS OF MINOR IRRIGAT
Page 127:
schemes. Though the minor irrigatio
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land of capability-II. Going by spe
Page 132 and 133:
3. Other uncultivated area excludin
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consists of (i) barren and uncultiv
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Total Fallow land 5.60 7.85 12.24 8
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(i) Land not available for cultivat
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(a) Scheme of soil conservation in
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area is available, it can be placed
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(a) Adoption of a project approach
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past, low productivity with negligi
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upon the local environment speciall
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7.3 LAND HOLDINGS Distribution of o
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Month Preparation Sowing and transp
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Buckwheat 0.11 0.38 0.75 0.41 1.65
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development involves substantial sc
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agro-climatalogical data viz. mean
Page 161 and 162:
Table 7.13 Monthly mean wind speed
Page 163 and 164:
ainfall. The effectiveness of the r
Page 165 and 166:
Table 7.18 Net irrigation requireme
Page 167 and 168:
Since field channels, water courses
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of 133440 tonnes in 1990-91 but has
Page 171 and 172:
Total food grain production in West
Page 173 and 174:
II. Strengthening the government fa
Page 175 and 176:
VIII. Strengthening of the database
Page 177 and 178:
7.10.1.3 Manures & Fertilizers In t
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eclamation are proposed to be carri
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prolonged sunshine and an assured s
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should be made in case of zinc defi
Page 185 and 186:
(iv) Seed rate and Spacing 22-22 kg
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7.11.2.6 Harvesting & Yield As the
Page 189 and 190:
(iii) Depth of Sowing Seed should b
Page 191 and 192:
vi) Dough stage. Of these period, a
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(ii) Seed Rate And Sowing About 18-
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Sl. No 1. Carda mom Table 7.27 Agri
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154 S. No 1. Ginger Table 7.28 Agri
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6. The irrigated area in the state
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ate in the state being higher than
Page 204 and 205:
8.1 GENERAL HORTICULTURE Land resou
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8.2.1 Present Status Horticulture p
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i) Strengths • Horticulture is a
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8.2.2.2 Objectives Taking cognisanc
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achieved due to hail storm damage o
Page 214 and 215:
35000 tonne, with annual growth rat
Page 216 and 217:
Table 8.3 Physical targets and achi
Page 218 and 219:
Budget Plan Xth Plan (2002-07) 174
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in public and Private sectors- is m
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scheme efforts will be made to expl
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Breeding farm of 5,000 layer and 10
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schemes both for the control of liv
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8.8.5 Development of Inland Fisheri
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DROUGHT PRONE AREAS IN THE STATE 9.
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9.3 REPORT OF THE SURVEY The survey
Page 235 and 236:
190 Table 9.2 Summary report of sur
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The committee recommended certain a
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Sl Programme (1995-96 to 1999-2000)
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IRRIGATION AND WATER MANAGEMENT - P
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10.3 IDENTIFICATION OF MINOR IRRIGA
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CISMHE distributed to field through
Page 248 and 249:
CISMHE to remain as it is... For th
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Fig. 10.1 Details of head work in a
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Fig. 10.3 Head works gabion drop st
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10.4.1.3 Drops Drops in the canal m
Page 256 and 257:
Fig. 10.5 Type design of vertical w
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command area development plan shoul
Page 260 and 261:
Fig. 10.7 Details of retaining wall
Page 262 and 263:
(v) Pump house (vi) Rising main (vi
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10.4.1.9 Other Engineering Measures
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(c) Water Harvesting Structure In d
Page 268 and 269:
Fig. 10.9 Typical section of small
Page 270 and 271:
10.5.1.3 Drinking Water Needs The p
Page 272 and 273:
two cutoff walls of 0.62 m to 0.92
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V = 0.55 mY 0.64 Where V = Velocity
Page 276 and 277:
As per information contained in Ten
Page 278 and 279:
development with utilized irrigatio
Page 280 and 281:
Although above criteria may not be
Page 282 and 283:
10.9 PARTICIPATORY IRRIGATION MANAG
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(iii) Determination of suitable mod
Page 286 and 287:
10.9.2.7 Training Training of farme
Page 288 and 289:
4. Dumi gaon - 25 households 5. San
Page 291 and 292:
11.1 GENERAL CARRYING CAPACITY - PE
Page 293 and 294:
Accordingly, planning for use of wa
Page 295 and 296:
(iii) The area under wheat cultivat
Page 297 and 298:
11. Potato 2 5 7 12. Large Cardamom
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(i) Communities with population upt
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projected for the years 2025 and 20
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Table 11.8 Actual ( 2001-02) and pr
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projected as 400 gm/day and 355 gm/
Page 308 and 309:
251 CISMHE Donkung on the Lachen Ch
Page 310 and 311:
� Average rate of sedimentation i
Page 312 and 313:
� As per information available, 1
Page 314 and 315:
� Since horticulture development
Page 316 and 317:
� For addressing the above issues
Page 318 and 319:
� Since encouragement to take up
Page 320 and 321:
263 CISMHE hectare of utilised and
Page 328 and 329:
Monthly / Annual Rainfall Normals f
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Annexure-3.3 (a) MONTHLY RAINFALL V
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Annexure-3.3 (c) MONTHLY RAINFALL V
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Annexure-3.3(d ) MONTHLY RAINFALL V
Page 336 and 337:
Annexure-3.3 ( f ) MONTHLY RAINFALL
Page 338 and 339:
Annexure-3.3 (h) MONTHLY RAINFALL V
Page 340 and 341:
Annexure-3.3( j ) MONTHLY RAINFALL
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Annexure-3.3 ( l ) MONTHLY RAINFALL
Page 344 and 345:
Annexure-3.3 (n) MONTHLY RAINFALL V
Page 346 and 347:
Annexure-3.3 ( p ) MONTHLY RAINFALL
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Annexure-3.4 (a) FILLED UP VALUES M
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MONTHLY RAINFALL VALUES FOR CHUNGTH
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Annexure-3.4 ( f ) MONTHLY RAINFALL
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Annex-3.4 (h) MONTHLY RAINFALL VALU
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Annex-3.4 ( j ) MONTHLY RAINFALL VA
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Annex-3.4 ( l ) MONTHLY RAINFALL VA
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Annex-3.4 (n) MONTHLY RAINFALL VALU
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Annex-3.4 ( p ) MONTHLY RAINFALL VA
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Annexure-3.5 Thiessen Weights of St
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The surface velocities obtained by
Page 371 and 372:
The more general criteria apply bot
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flow is normal to the prevailing wi
Page 375 and 376:
The other method of determination o
Page 377 and 378:
DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED DURING DIS
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occur due to difficult terrain, non
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Month wise sediment load and runoff
Page 383 and 384:
Page 385 and 386:
Page 387 and 388:
35 Mandir Jhora MIC at aho Yangtam
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115 Gangatey Jhora MIC Tareythang F
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196 Fengla to Genzing MIC Navey Fun
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276 Kholsa Luing MIC Ranka Function
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355 L/ Syari MIC Tathangchen Functi
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7 Zorrong kutcha channel Burfung Za
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80 Kaw kutcha kulo III Lingmo Kolth
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152 Middle Lingding MIC Ralong Naml
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224 Kuwapani Kulo at Nampok Sripata
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11 Diwani kulo MIC L/Fambong Functi
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82 Mem khola Dara kulo MIC Malbasey
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152 Matung khola MIC Linzchom Tikjy
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223 Labing MIC Gerethang Functionin
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25 Lepcha Kulo MIC at Mamring 1.50
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24 Const. /Extension of Khalbaley M
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4.13 TEESTA RIVER BETWEEN TEESTA-RA
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION VOLUME - III
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CHAPTER 5 IRRIGATION 5.1 GENERAL 5.
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ANNEXURES 12.2 HYDROMETEOROLOGY 12.
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2.5 PHYTOGEOGRAPHICAL AFFINITIES 2.
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VOLUME - VIII BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMEN
Page 431 and 432:
5.3 POULTRY DEVELOPMENT SCHEMES 5.4
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