Topics in Current Chemistry

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Topics in Current Chemistry Also Available Electronically For all customers who have a standing order to Topics in Current Chemistry, we offer the electronic version via SpringerLink free of charge. Please contact your librarian who can receive a password for free access to the full articles by registering at: http://www.springerlink.com If you do not have a subscription, you can still view the tables of contents of the volumes and the abstract of each article by going to the SpringerLink Homepage, clicking on “Browse by Online Libraries”, then “Chemical Sciences”, and finally choose Topics in Current Chemistry. You will find information about the – Editorial Board – Aims and Scope – Instructions for Authors – Sample Contribution at http://www.springeronline.com using the search function.
Preface For a long time, the properties of transition metal and rare earth compounds have fascinated chemists and physicists from a scientific point of view. Recently, also the enormous potential of these compounds as new materials has become evident. Applications in different fields are now established, such as new laser materials, IR to visible upconversion materials, systems involving photoredox processes for solar energy conversion, new photovoltaic devices, phosphorescent sensors, and in particular electroluminescent devices (OLEDs). The applications mentioned are directly related to the properties of the electronic ground state and the lower-lying excited states. Metal complexes with organic ligands or organometallic compounds exhibit outstanding features as compared to purely organic molecules. For instance, metal compounds can often be prepared and applied in different oxidation states. Furthermore, various types of low-lying electronic excitations can be induced by a suitable choice of the metal center and/or the ligands, such as metal-centered (MC, e.g. d-d* orf-f* transitions), ligand-centered (LC, e.g. p-p*), metal-to-ligand-charge transfer (MLCT, e.g. d-p*), intra-ligandcharge-transfer (ILCT) transitions, etc. In particular, the orbitals involved in the resulting lowest excited states determine the photophysical and photochemical properties and thus the specific use of the compound. It is also high interesting that the lowest excited electronic states can be shifted over the large energy range from the U.V. to the I.R. by chemical variation of the ligands and/or the central metal ion. Moreover, these excited states have mostly spin-multiplicities different from those of the electronic ground states. Thus, in contrast to organic molecules, spin-orbit coupling induced by the metal center is of crucial importance, for example, for the splitting and the population and decay dynamics of these multiplets as well as for transition probabilities and emission quantum yields. In summary, transition metal and rare earth compounds can be prepared with photophysical properties that are over a wide range user-definable. In view of the fascinating potential of these compounds, it is of substantial interest to develop a deeper understanding of their photophysical properties. In this volume 1 , 1 See also the preceding volumes, Electronic and Vibronic Spectra of Transition Metal Complexes I and II, edited by H. Yersin, Topics in Current Chemistry 171 (1994) and 191 (1997) and two companion volumes, Transition Metal and Rare Earth Compounds – Excited States, Transitions, Interactions I and II, edited by H. Yersin, Topics in Current Chemistry 213 (2001) and 214 (2001)
Page 1 and 2: 241 Topics in Current Chemistry Edi
Page 3 and 4: Transition Metal and Rare Earth Com
Page 5: Volume Editor Prof. Dr. Hartmut Yer
Page 9 and 10: Contents Triplet Emitters for OLED
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164 C. Daniel 127. Aarnts MP, Wilms
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70 A. Hauser et al. Fig. 4 Single c
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74 A. Hauser et al. and the finesse
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76 A. Hauser et al. Fig. 10 Mechani
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78 A. Hauser et al. k et D ¼ X A w
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80 A. Hauser et al. Fig. 14 FLN spe
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82 A. Hauser et al. The intrinsic l
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84 A. Hauser et al. Fig. 15 Quantum
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86 A. Hauser et al. Fig. 17 Scheme
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88 A. Hauser et al. Fig. 20 a Trans
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94 A. Hauser et al. below 2 K, the
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96 A. Hauser et al. 19. Sugano S, T
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168 P.A. Tanner 14 Conclusions ....
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170 P.A. Tanner ration, the stoichi
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172 P.A. Tanner Fig. 2 a Plot of la
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174 P.A. Tanner with smaller unit c
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176 P.A. Tanner Oh for elpasolites.
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178 P.A. Tanner Fig. 4a-g Infrared,
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180 P.A. Tanner Table 2 (continued)
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182 P.A. Tanner Table 3 Comparison
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184 P.A. Tanner belled. The unit ce
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186 P.A. Tanner sion curve for this
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188 P.A. Tanner so that B ð4Þ 0
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190 P.A. Tanner coordinates. One of
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192 P.A. Tanner
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194 P.A. Tanner where Wl ¼ ½Š l
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196 P.A. Tanner
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198 P.A. Tanner electric dipole mom
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200 P.A. Tanner respectively, where
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202 P.A. Tanner modified form in mo
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204 P.A. Tanner M00;f 1;q ¼ X n ½
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206 P.A. Tanner The sign of the int
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208 P.A. Tanner try notation of Gri
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210 P.A. Tanner Finally, it is note
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212 P.A. Tanner The actual assignme
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214 P.A. Tanner Fig. 13 35 K Raman
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216 P.A. Tanner terial, so that the
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218 P.A. Tanner Fig. 14a-c Electron
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220 P.A. Tanner 2 6 X 6 l;m;n 6 4
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222 P.A. Tanner allowed, and in var
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224 P.A. Tanner Table 7 Calculated
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226 P.A. Tanner Fig. 16 Lowest f-d,
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228 P.A. Tanner Fig. 18a, b 10 K f-
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230 P.A. Tanner It is interesting t
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232 P.A. Tanner Table 9 Selected en
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234 P.A. Tanner Fig. 20 Plots of Sl
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236 P.A. Tanner values are obtained
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238 P.A. Tanner X ½B k qCk q i ð
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240 P.A. Tanner their calculation h
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242 P.A. Tanner 13 Energy Transfer
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244 P.A. Tanner Table 11 (continued
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246 P.A. Tanner Fig. 24a-j Energy t
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248 P.A. Tanner Table 13 Structural
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250 P.A. Tanner s=6, although the c
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252 P.A. Tanner ask 2 ¼ 1 4 h es;a
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254 P.A. Tanner The HLO model has g
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256 P.A. Tanner Fig. 25a, b Lumines
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258 P.A. Tanner when excitation is
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260 P.A. Tanner Fig. 26 a Partial e
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262 P.A. Tanner 13.4.3 Upconversion
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264 P.A. Tanner ! 4 I15=2aG8½ŠD 0
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266 P.A. Tanner Fig. 27 a Power dep
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268 P.A. Tanner The study of f-d tr
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270 P.A. Tanner 41. Knudsen GP, Vos
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272 P.A. Tanner 119. Malta OL, Gouv
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274 P.A. Tanner 207. Tanner PA, Mak
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276 P.A. Tanner 290. Hehlen MP, Gü
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278 P.A. Tanner 379. Berry ME, May
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2 H. Yersin trix molecules with sub
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4 H. Yersin into substates, the tot
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6 H. Yersin Fig. 2 Example of an op
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8 H. Yersin 3 Exciton Formation and
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10 H. Yersin gram is simplified and
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12 H. Yersin to-matrix charge trans
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14 H. Yersin triplet excitons, are
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16 H. Yersin tions, but also induce
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18 H. Yersin 5 Photophysical Proper
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20 H. Yersin 5.3 Phosphorescence De
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22 H. Yersin 5.6 Electronic Charge
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24 H. Yersin 3. Tai WP, Inoue K, Oh
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26 H. Yersin 71. Wohlgenannt M, Tan
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280 Author Index Volumes 201-241 Br
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282 Author Index Volumes 201-241 Ga
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284 Author Index Volumes 201-241 Ko
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286 Author Index Volumes 201-241 Mu
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288 Author Index Volumes 201-241 Sh
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290 Author Index Volumes 201-241 Wu
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292 Subject Index DMCT 1, 12 DNA 56
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294 Subject Index Resonant energy t
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