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Fonix DECtalk: 5.01-E1 User Guide Average Pitch (ap) and Pitch Range (pr): The ap option in Hz, and the pr option as a percentage of the normal range, modify the computed fundamental frequency values using the following formula: 42 f0’ = ap + (((f0 - 120) * pr) / 100) If the ap option is set to 120 Hz and the pr option to 100 percent, no change occurs to the normal fundamental frequency contour computed for a typical male voice. The effect of a change in the ap option is simply to raise or lower the entire pitch contour independently by a constant number of Hz, whereas the effect of the pr option is to expand or contract the pitch swings about 120 Hz. Normally, a smaller larynx simultaneously produces fundamental frequency values that are higher in average pitch and in pitch range by about the same factor (the whole fundamental frequency contour is multiplied by a constant factor). Compare the values assigned to the ap and pr options for each DECtalk voice. The voices rank in average pitch from low (Harry) to high (Kit). Rankings for the pr option are similar. Frank, however, has a flat pitch range compared to his average pitch. The best way to determine a good pitch range for a new voice is by trial and error. Setting the pitch range to 0 creates a monotone voice. To make Harry speak in a monotone voice at exactly 90 Hz, use the following command: [:nh][:dv ap 90 pr 0] I am a robot. Reducing the pitch range reduces the dynamics of the voice, and produces emotions such as sadness in the speaker. Increasing the pitch range, but leaving the average pitch the same or slightly higher, suggests excitement. Due to constraints in the pitch-synchronous updating of other dynamically changing options, the fundamental frequency contour computed by the preceding formula is checked for values outside 500 (maximum) and 50 (minimum) Hz. Any value outside this range is adjusted accordingly. The Design Voice command automatically adjusts pitch options to fall within specified limits before execution.
Reference tables Index Topics: Reference tables Phonetic symbols NOTE: see Phoneme notifications US English Castilian Spanish Latin American Spanish Stress and syntactic symbols Tables Phonemes in unicode sequence Tones English Pitch and Duration Table Homographs Homograph Phonetics: A Homograph Phonetics: B-C Homograph Phonetics: D-H Homograph Phonetics: I-L Homograph Phonetics: M-P Homograph Phonetics: R Homograph Phonetics: S-W Abbreviations US English 43
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