MIGA : Mater-wave laser Interferometry Gravita7on Antenna

BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11
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P. Bouyer
Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanoscience, Bordeaux, France
on the behalf of the MIGA Study team

Design study proposal : France – Germany – Italy – UK – USA
Underground Infrastructure for
geophysics and fundamental
studies
An array of atom interferometers
allowing for correlated gravity
measurements at different
positions :
- Geophysics studies – resolutions
better than 10 -11 g, drifts below
10 -10 g/yr.
- Fundamental physics – strain
measurements below 10 -15 at low
frequency.
BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11
15 ins'tutes
External scien'fic comitee
Hans BACHOR Australia
Christian BORDÉ France
John CLOSE Australia
Eugenio COCCIA University of Rome "Tor Vergata"
Michel DIAMENT IPG Paris
Federico FERRINI EGO
Malcolm JOHNSTON USGS, USA
William H LEE USGS, USA
Harald LUECK Hannover
Vuk MANDIC University of minesota, USA.
Marie-Christine ANGONIN
Andrea BERTOLDI
Kai BONGS
Frédérick BOUDIN
Philippe BOUYER
Daniel BOYER
Alain BRILLET
Alain CAVAILLOU
Walid CHAIBI
Cédric CHAMPOLLION
Jean CHERY
Pacôme DELVA
Wolfgang ERTMER
Marco FATTORI
Christian FREIER
Stéphane GAFFET
Gianluca GUIDI
Matthias HAUTH
Mark KASEVICH
Brahim LAMINE
Arnaud LANDRAGIN
Nary MAN
Jörg NEUMANN
Franck PEREIRA DOS SANTOS
Achim PETERS
Nicola POLI
Ernst M. RASEL
Serge REYNAUD
Giorgio SANTARELLI
Wolfgang P. SCHEICH
Fiodor SORRENTINO
Guglielmo M. TINO
Flavio VETRANO
Andrea VICERE
Peter WEßELS
Andreas WICHT

Interference fringes : Nat~cos(2πaT 2 ∕λ+Φ)
BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11
Long term stability
< 4 10 -10 g
Landragin et al.
Observatoire Paris
arXiv:1008.2884v2
Peters et al.
Berlin gravimeter

BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11

Mirror
BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11

Mirror
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Mirror
BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11

BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11

BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11
Geiger et al., I.C.E.
project, in preparation
Correlated measurements allows to
extend accuracy to low frequency
thanks to atoms

MIGA : can we use atoms to extend GW detector sensiEvity to low frequency
BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11

MIGA : can we use atoms to extend GW detector sensiEvity to low frequency
BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11

MIGA : can we use atoms to extend GW detector sensiEvity to low frequency
BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11
L = 1+h.sin(Ω t)
Cavity length detection : x ~ h.sin(Ω t)

MIGA : can we use atoms to extend GW detector sensiEvity to low frequency
BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11
L = 1+h.sin(Ω t)
Cavity length detection : x ~ h.sin(Ω t)
MIGA-study: current state-of development technology for
compact sensors
.3 second interrogation time, L = 100 m, 4 recoil light
pulse splitter, atomic shot noise limited phase shift
sensitivity of 100 μrad
MIGA: shortterm enhanced design performances
.5 second interrogation time, L=1 km, 100 recoil.
MIGA-GW: ambitious design performance
3 second interrogation time, L=10 km, 1000 recoil, 1
μrad atomic phase shift sensitivity
S. Dimopoulos, et al. Phys. Rev. D 78, 122002 (2008)
Atom acceleration detection : a ~ h.L.Ω 2 sin(Ω t)

Free falling atom sensors
B. Canuel, et al. Phys. Rev.
Lett. 97, 010402, (2006). Paris
T. Muller et al., EPJD 53, 273
(2009). hannover
BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11
For .5 seconds, launch veloci'es of 3 m/s and single
atom interferometer beam size of 50 cm diameter.
Need full analysis of influence of op'cal aberra'ons
J. Fils et al., “Influence of optical aberrations in an atomic
gyroscope”, Euro. phys. J. D. 36, 257 (2005)
J. Hogan et al, arxiv :1009.2702

Free falling atom sensors
B. Canuel, et al. Phys. Rev.
Lett. 97, 010402, (2006). Paris
T. Muller et al., EPJD 53, 273
(2009). hannover
BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11
For .5 seconds, launch veloci'es of 3 m/s and single
atom interferometer beam size of 50 cm diameter.
Need full analysis of influence of op'cal aberra'ons
J. Fils et al., “Influence of optical aberrations in an atomic
gyroscope”, Euro. phys. J. D. 36, 257 (2005)
J. Hogan et al, arxiv :1009.2702
Possibility to use levita'on techniques in the future
Bloch oscillation (Tino et al.)
Trampoline techniques (F. Impens, et al.,
Applied Physics B, 84, 603-615, (2006)

ImplementaEon of MIGA in the underground laboratory in Rustrel, France
BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11
Two horizontal galleries with 1
km!"#$%&%!'()*+,'-)%.'/)*% length, (almost)
orthogonal
"01)*2)*34)1*5%#*'-61'730%$01)00'%
Possibility of third ver'cal
gallery
MIGA arms could be
«connected» via ultra-­‐high
stability laser link

BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11
Two horizontal galleries with 1
km!"#$%&%!'()*+,'-)%.'/)*% length, (almost)
orthogonal
"01)*2)*34)1*5%#*'-61'730%$01)00'%
Possibility of third ver'cal
gallery
MIGA arms could be
«connected» via ultra-­‐high
stability laser link

BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11
Possibility of «mul'-­‐sensor» antenna to monitor, gradients,
curvature ...
Geophysics applica'ons, monitoring ...
Two horizontal galleries with 1
km!"#$%&%!'()*+,'-)%.'/)*% length, (almost)
orthogonal
"01)*2)*34)1*5%#*'-61'730%$01)00'%
Possibility of third ver'cal
gallery
MIGA arms could be
«connected» via ultra-­‐high
stability laser link

!"#$%&%!'()*+,'-)%.'/)*%
"01)*2)*34)1*5%#*'-61'730%$01)00'%
FP7-Infrastructure design study proposal to build a new type of antenna.
There is hope that MIGA can close one of the sensitivity windows in regard to
gravitational spectrum and by offering a new technique also address the riddle
of gravitational waves. If MIGA succeed, it will complement already existing
antennas.
Beyond the study of gravitational waves, there is promise to advance
significantly the understanding of the Earth seismology, due in essence to
availibility of greatly improved sensitivity to seismic waves, this may lead to
advance warning about timing of great earth quakes by detecting and
learning more about probable weak precursors.
BOUYER - PQE 2011 - 01/03/11