LYMPHATIC SYSTEM consists of: 1. lymph capillaries 2. collecting ...

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$(Tabu\276ky_VV\212_2007- JLF UK v Martine.xls) - Jesseniova ...$

SPLEEN - placed in the left hypochondriac region between the gastric fundus and diaphragm - long axis lies in the plane of the 10th rib - posterior extremity lies 4 cm far from the median plane - anterior extremity reaches mid-axillay line - it is soft, friable in consistence, dark red in colour - irregularly ovoid – 12 cm long, 7 cm wide, 3-4 cm thick - has diaphragmatic and visceral surfaces superior and inferior margins anterior and posterior extremities relations: diaphragmatic surface – diaphragm which separates it from - pleural cavity - costodiaphragmatic recess visceral surface – stomach (gastric impression) - L kedney (renal impression) - pancreas (pancreatic impresiion) - left colic flexure (colic impression ) hilum – splenic a. and v. enter the spleen spleen – intraperitoneal organ (develops in the posterior mezogastrium) gastrosplenic and lienorenal ligaments accessory spleens – in the gastrosplenic lig. and greater omentum function: phagocytosis immune responses due to lymphocytes cytopoiesis (haemopoiesis and lymphopoiesis) storage place of blood Blood supply: splenic a. (coeliac a.) splenic v. (portal v.) Nerve supply: abdominal autonomic plexus 87
THE LYMPH VESSELS AND LYMPH NODES OF THE HEAD, NECK AND TRUNK THE LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE OF THE HEAD AND NECK Lymph drainage of the superficial tissues of the head and neck Most lymph vessels accompany branches of external carotid artery Terminate in small groups of lymph nodes •Occipital nodes (occipital vessels) • Retroauricular (posterior auricular vessels) • Parotid ( temporal superficial vessels) • Buccal (facial vessels) • Submandibular (facial vessels in digastric triangle) Receives afferents from parotid and buccal nodes and lymph from the oral cavity, tonsils, tongue, teeth) • Anterior cervical (along the anterior jugular vein) • Superficial cervical (along the external jugular vein) nodes represent outlying nodes of deep cervical lymph nodes the lymph is drained into the deep cervical lymph nodes Lymph drainage of deep tissues of the head and neck Directs to the deep cervical lymph nodes Outlying grops of nodes: Retropharyngeal – receive lymph from nasopharynx, nasal cavity, auditory tube Paratracheal nodes – (around trachea and oesophagus) receive the lymph from the larynx, trachea, oesophagus the deep cervical lymph nodes are regional lymph nodes of the head and neck receive lymph from the superficial and deep structures of the head and neck lie along the carotid sheath (internal jugular vein, carotid arteries) subdivided into the superior and inferior group ■ Superior deep cervical lymph nodes Lie close to the upper part of the internal jugular vein this group contains jugulodigastric node - near the tendon of digastricus m.- associated with lymph drainage of the tongue efferents terminate into the inferior deep cervical lymph nodes ■ inferior deep cervical lymph nodes around lower part of the internal jugular vein contain juguloomohyoid node (near the tendon of omohyoid m.) efferents unite to form jugular trunk 88
Page 1 and 2: LYMPHATIC SYSTEM consists of: 1. ly
Page 3: LYMPH ORGANS THYMUS lymphoid organ
Page 7 and 8: ■ parasternal lymph nodes on side
Page 9 and 10: THE LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE OF THE PELVI

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM consists of: 1. lymph capillaries 2. collecting ...

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