LYMPHATIC SYSTEM consists of: 1. lymph capillaries 2. collecting ...

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$(Tabu\276ky_VV\212_2007- JLF UK v Martine.xls) - Jesseniova ...$

THE THORACIC DUCT main lymph vessel conveying the lymph to the blood stream arises in the abdomen (at the level of the 12th thoracic vertebra) by union of right and left lumbar trunks and intestinal trunk – here dilated – cisterna chyli here it receives the lymph from • abdominal walls and organs • pelvic walls and organs • lower limbs traverses the diaphragm through the aortic hiatus ascends in the posterior mediastinum - behind the oesophagus on right side of aorta turns to the left behind aortic arch and subclavian a. leaves the thorax (3 – 4 cm above the clavicle) arches above the subclavian a. opens into the left brachiocephalic v. (angulus venosus) here it receives the tributaries • left subclavian trunk (left upper limb ) • left jugular trunk ( left half of head and neck ) • left bronchopulmonary trunk (left half of the thorax – the walls and organs) In conclusion: Thoracic duct drains the lymph from the lower limbs, pelvis (walls, organs), abdomen walls, organs), left half of the thorax (walls, organs), left upper limb, left half of the neck and head -------------------------------------------------------------------------- lymph from the right half of head and neck, right upper limb and right half of the thorax is drained into the right lymphatic trunk – terminates into the right angulus venosus right lymphatic trunk arises by union of right jugular, right subclavian and right bronchomediastinal trunks LYMPH DRAINAGE OF THE THORAX superficial tissues - skin, mammary gland, muscles connecting upper limb to the thorax- are drained to the axillary lymph nodes (see over there) deep structures – thoracic walls - ribs, intercostal muscles, diaphragm and thoracic organs are drained into the deep lymph nodes of the thorax lymph drainage of the thoracic walls parasternal, intercostal, diaphragmatic lymph nodes 89
■ parasternal lymph nodes on sides of internal thoracic vessels receive lymph from • anterior thoracic and abdominal wall • mammary gland • liver (upper surface) efferents terminate in the bronchomediastinal trunk ■ intercostal lymph nodes located near the necks of ribs receive lymph from • the posterolateral thoracic wall (ribs, intercostal muscles) efferents open into the thoracic duct and right lymphatic trunk ■ diaphragmatic lymph nodes lie around the periphery of the diaphragm receive lymph from • diaphragm • superior surface of the liver efferents pass into the parasternal nodes, anterior mediastinal and posterior mediastinal lymph nodes lymph drainage of the thoracic organs anterior mediastinal , posterior mediastinal and tracheobronchial lymph nodes efferents empty into the thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct ■ anterior mediastinal lymph nodes (brachiocephalic l. n.) are placed in front of the brachicephalic veins and branches of aortic arch receive lymph from the anterior mediastinum • thymus • thyroid gland • pericardium • diaphragmatic lymph nodes efferents terminate in the thoracic duct (and tracheobronchial lymph nodes) ■ tracheobronchial lymph nodes located near the trachea and tracheal bifurcation subdivided into the paratracheal – on sides of trachea superior tracheobronchial - above bifurcation inferior tracheobronchial – below the bifurcation outlying lymph nodes - bronchopulmonary – in the pulmonary hilum - pulmonary – in the lung substance receive lymph from • lungs and bronchi • trachea • heart efferent vessels unite to form bronchomediastinal trunks 90
Page 1 and 2: LYMPHATIC SYSTEM consists of: 1. ly
Page 3 and 4: LYMPH ORGANS THYMUS lymphoid organ
Page 5: THE LYMPH VESSELS AND LYMPH NODES O
Page 9 and 10: THE LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE OF THE PELVI

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM consists of: 1. lymph capillaries 2. collecting ...

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