AirSpring. - Firestone

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TABLE OF CONTENTS PLEASE NOTE The information contained in this publication is intended to provide a general guide to the characteristics and applications of these products. The material, herein, was develol0ed through engineering design and development, testing and actual applications and is believed to be reliable and accurate. However, Firestone makes no warranty, express or implied, of this information. Anyone making use of this material does so at his own risk and assumes all liability resulting from such use. It is suggested that competent professional assistance be employed for specific applications. 1 Advantages 2 Terms Air Springs & Suspensions 3 Types Of Air Springs 4 How To Use The Product Data Sheets Application Considerations 6 Basic Principles (Derivation of Formulas) 7 Sample Calculations- Air Springs & Suspensions 8 Sample CalculaUons: Using A Personal Computer 9 Warranty Considerations 23 33 37 49 63 71
HISTORY In the early 1930's, the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company began experiments to develop the potential of pneumatic springs. Between 1935 and 1939, several makes of U.S. automobiles were equipped with air springs and extensively tested to prove the potential of automotive air suspension systems. They were never put into production, however, because significant developments in steel spring design gave an improved ride at much lower cost than the air spring system at that time. In 1938, the country's largest manufacturer of motor coaches became interested in using air springs on a new design bus they were developing. Working with Firestone engineers, the first busses were tested in 1944 and the inherent ride superiority of air suspensions was clearly documented. In the early 1950's, after several years of intensive product development, the air sprung bus finally went into production. That was the beginning of the Airide (R) air spring success story. The success of air springs in bus applications spurred new interest in truck and trailer applications as well as industrial shock and vibration isolation uses. Consequently, almost all of the busses, most of the Class 8 trucks and many of the trailers on the road today now ride on air springs, and significant advances inthe design of control systems have opened the door to automotive applications as well.
Page 1: World's Number 1 Air Spring.
Page 7 and 8: Bumper. Usually, these are made of
Page 9 and 10: SUSPENSION RELATED TERMS Height Sen
Page 11 and 12: Although the two-ply air spring is
Page 13 and 14: U End Closure. This is made of stee
Page 15 and 16: Blind Nut. 3/8"-16 UNC thread x 5/8
Page 17 and 18: Clamp Ring. This ring is crimped to
Page 19 and 20: Nuts & Lock Washers. Included with
Page 21 and 22: D Piston. May be made of aluminum,
Page 23 and 24: iNSTALLATION Follow this technique
Page 25 and 26: The part description is shown in th
Page 27 and 28: The Maximum Rebound Height is the m
Page 29: Dynamic Characteristics at Various
Page 34 and 35: APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS Obtainin
Page 36 and 37: 35 :ASTENER ''IGHTENING SPECIFICATI
Page 38 and 39: BASIC PRINCIPLES iNTRODUCTION The f
Page 40 and 41: 39 SPECIAL CNANG|S O SAT| Non-flow
Page 42 and 43: 41 E o "5 : Lc L ALe ',- Ahe- Ah c-
Page 44 and 45: 43 ATURAE. REQU|NCY Since the air s
Page 46 and 47: T| R|IT|ONSH|P Balancing moments ab
Page 48: Polytropic Gas Law Dynamic Air Spri
Page 51 and 52: Then calculate the rate: K-Pal Ac c
Page 53 and 54:
Line H entries are determined as fo
Page 55 and 56:
Now calculate the values for Line D
Page 57 and 58:
TRAILING ARM SUSPENSION CALCULAT|ON
Page 59 and 60:
Note that with a given "B" dimensio
Page 61 and 62:
Air Spring Rate: Ks 104.7 [74.75- 6
Page 64 and 65:
SAMPLE CALCULATIONS USING A P|RSONA
Page 66 and 67:
65 (ib) (psig) (ib/in) spring pisto
Page 68 and 69:
67 Design Height Design piston Heig
Page 70 and 71:
69 Design Height Design piston Heig
Page 72 and 73:
WARRANTY CONSIDERATIONS 71 iNTRODUC
Page 74 and 75:
73 LOOSE GIRDLE HOOP Appearance Or
Page 76 and 77:
75 Appearance Or Condition Hole rub
Page 78 and 79:
77 OVER-EXTENSION Appearance Or Con
Page 80:
79 CLEANING APPROVED METHODS Approv
Page 83:
HISTORY In the early 1930's, the Fi
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AirSpring. - Firestone

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