The geology of the neighbourhoods of Flint, Mold, and Ruthin ...

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32 CARBONIFEROUS ROOKS. Alyn, where it crosses the river and runs into another north and south fault, on the line of which the Alyn issues after a subterranean course (p. 34). It cuts off the smaJl veins of Coed-du and shifts the Mwyn-bwll "Vein, but cannot be traced north of Hendre, though it is popularly reported.to have been proved at Pen-y-gelli, and to be the Caleb Bell Cross-course of Holywell. The Ffynnon Lleinw, which rises on the line of the fault, had lost the property of ebbing and flowing attributed to it by Camden, before 1810, when Pennant published his " Tours in "Wales."* Towards the east the limestones referred to pass beneath the series of alternating shales, sandstones, and limestones, which compose the upper part of the series. A shale and thin-bedded dark limestone (perhaps the " coral-bed " described above)r appears in the top of a shaft near Mwyn-bwll, and strikes towards the letter e of the word Coed-du on the one-inch map. Just behind Coed-du stables, ar north and south fault or cross-course throws down sandstone and sandy limestone on the east ; the sandstone, which seems to be the lowest of the Hendre section, being visible at the east end of the Mwynbwll mine, near Coed-du, and in the cliffs overlooking the Alyn, above the mill. About 100 yards below the mill the sandstone ends off in the bed of the river against a second cross-course which runs along the road nearly parallel to the first-named, but with a downthrow to the west. The two cross-courses thus form a trough-fault, introducing a narrow belt of the Hendre sandstone to the west of its true position ; the repetition of the sandstone-outcrops by this and a third cross-course near Llyn-y-pandy is referred to subsequently. The Coed-du Crosscourse cannot be -traced-northwards across the railway, but the second has been met with in the easternmost explorations on the old Garreg-boeth Vein (see p. 184), its range, as thus determined, indicating that it is probably the same as the North Hendre Vein, referred to on p. 31, as being visible near the west end of the quarry. Passing to the east of these faults we find the two sandstones of the Hendre section running up the south side of the gorge with a dip to the east of about 16°. The upper bed was formerly worked in a cave on the southern side of the road into grindingblocks for the Staffordshire potteries, but was found to contain too much lime. On this side of the gorge a white limestone comes in under the upper sandstone, while the shale-bed proved in the bore-hole in the quarry is exposed between the two bridges. To the southward the rocks are lost to sight beneath Drift until they emerge in the sides of the valley of the Alyn, up both sides of which the two sandstones and the shale underlying each of them may be traced, the upper bed, as before, containing a band of quartz-pebbles. Above them lies a limestone with Productus giganteus, about 20 feet thick, which is succeeded immediately by a shale of Coal-Measure type. The dip is from 10°— 12° a little north of east. * "Vol. ii., p. 60.
* CARBONIFEROUS LTMESTONE. 33 The shaft of the Erw Felin Mine, 250 yards west-south-west of Rhydymwyn Church, is stated to have passed through the following strata :— Erw Felin Shaft.
Page 1 and 2: co 'a £? m&m i » .'£ ¥> I VVy^:
Page 3 and 4: Cornell University Library QE 262.F
Page 5 and 6: MEMOIRS OP THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. E
Page 7: MEMOIRS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. =
Page 10 and 11: Vale of Eden. In both these tracts
Page 12 and 13: VI A general geological bibliograph
Page 14 and 15: V1U Page CHAP. XI. SUPERFICIAL DEPO
Page 17 and 18: THE GEOLOGY OP THE NEIGHBOURHOODS O
Page 19 and 20: TABLE OF STBATA. 3 The various rock
Page 21 and 22: . Machno WENLOCK SHALE, 5 the dip r
Page 23 and 24: — VALM OF CLWYD. CHAPTER III. CAR
Page 25 and 26: VALE OF CLWTD. In the description o
Page 27 and 28: VALE OF OLWYD. 11 infiltrated with
Page 29 and 30: VALE OF CLWYD. 13 distance, at the
Page 31 and 32: . YALE OF CliWTD.. > 15 to the Toll
Page 33 and 34: CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE. 17 CHAPTER
Page 35 and 36: CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE. 19 These s
Page 37 and 38: CARBONIFEROUS LTMESTONE. 21 to the
Page 40 and 41: 24 CARBONIlfEBOUS KOCKS. (3.) The B
Page 42 and 43: 26 CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. these overl
Page 44 and 45: 28 fJffAi't >-N ~ iffi L, ; - ? .'
Page 46 and 47: 30 CARBONIFEKOtJS ROCKS. the crown
Page 50 and 51: 34 CARBOHTFEBOUS EOCKS. Pradwctus.
Page 52 and 53: $6 CAEBONIFEEOTTS ROCKS. The Bwlch-
Page 54 and 55: Fig. 7. Comparative Sections of the
Page 56 and 57: 40 CABBONIFEBOUS ROCKS. i Ki *g Co
Page 58 and 59: -12 CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. more find
Page 60 and 61: 44 CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. character a
Page 62 and 63: 46 CABBOXIFEBOUS BOCKS. part of the
Page 64 and 65: 48 CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. replacement
Page 66 and 67: 50 CABBOKirEKOUS KOCKS. shafts. Sou
Page 68 and 69: — 52 CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. The Mil
Page 70 and 71: — 54 CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. (2.) Bh
Page 72 and 73: 56 CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. It was not
Page 74 and 75: 58 CAKBONIFEKOUS BOCKS. thin brittl
Page 76 and 77: 60 CARBONIFEROUS HOCKS. ness, and n
Page 78 and 79: 62 CARBONIFEROUS ROCK?, CHAPTER VI.
Page 80 and 81: 64 CARBONIFEROUS ROOKS. as Dyffryn
Page 82 and 83: 66 -CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. Rectory, a
Page 84 and 85: 68 CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. We now reac
Page 86 and 87: 70 .CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. tp be expl
Page 88 and 89: 72 CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. CHAPTER VII
Page 90 and 91: 74 GAjR-BQlUESROUS EOCBB. , . North
Page 92 and 93: 76 CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. sections at
Page 94 and 95: 78 CARBONIFEROUS BOCKS. overlying c
Page 96 and 97: — 80 CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. white r
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Feet.
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— 84 CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. in thes
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** 6 T3ARBONTFEROU6 ROCK&' The dark
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88 CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. At Buckley
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90 CAKBON1FEKOUS EOCKS. Mount Pleas
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CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. called the " N
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94 CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. Main Coal a
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96 CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. W - ti * .B
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98 CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. ecquently w
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100 CABBONIFEROUS KOCKS. CHAPTER VI
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102 CARBONIFEROUS BOCKS. The The gr
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104 CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. Measures.
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106 G&3B0NIFEK0US ROCKS. within a l
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108 "CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. The speci
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110 CAKBOKIF-EKOTJS fiOGKS. A small
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112; CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS. One of th
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THE NEW BED SANDSTONE. CHAPTER IX.
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THE NEW BED SANDSTONE. 115 is scarc
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VALE OF CLWYD. 117 than half the Ca
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SANDS AND FIKECLA.YS IN THE LIMESTO
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SANDS AND FIRECLAYS IN THE LIMESTON
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GLACIAL DRIFT. 127 under the Boulde
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GLACIAL DKIFT. 129 (1.) The Vale of
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GLACIAL DEIFT. 131 (3.) The Upper V
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GLACIAL DRIFT. 133 the gravel, abou
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. GLACIAW DRIFT. 1'35 generally on
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GLACIAL DEIFT. 137 that of the lowe
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— GLACIAL DRIFT. 139 plateau, sti
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GLACIAL DRIFT. 141 Measure sandston
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GLACIAL DEI FT. 143 and containing
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GLACIAL STBLX. 145 Fig. 17. Diagram
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BOULDERS. 147 well-known boulder ma
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K1VEE TERRACES. 149 CHAPTER XII. SU
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ESTUARY OF THE DEE» 15 L Tufa occu
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• ft - ? ESTUABY OF THE DEE. 153
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ESTUART OF THE DEE. J 55 buried und
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ESTUARY OF THE DEE. maintained by t
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Oeotoptrab Survey of£nglastd/ S Wa
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160 METALLIFEROUS MINES. of hills e
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162 METALLIFEROUS MINES. from a var
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164 LEAD AND ZINC MINES. stratum be
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166 LEAD AND ZINC MINES the western
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168 LEAR AXD ZINC MINES. crossed th
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17-0 LEAD AND ZINC MINES. They seem
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172 LEAD AND ZINC MINES. ing wall,
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lT4t LEAD AND ZINC MINES. 1 The —
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— 176 LEAD AND ZINC MINES. The fi
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178 LEAD AND ZINC MINES. The chert
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180 LEAD AND ZINC MINES. direction
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*82 . LEAD AND ZINC MINEri. thereby
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1°4 — LEAD AND ZINC MINES. syste
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186 LEAD AND ZINO MINES. Near the t
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188 LEAD AND ZINC MINES. A second c
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KHYDYMWYN TO GWEKX-Y-MYNYDK? 189 co
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UWJSBN-Y-MYNYDD TO MAES-Y-SAFN. 191
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GWKBN-Y-MYNYDD TO MAES-Y-SAFN. 193
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MAES-Y-8AFN TO NEAR LLANARMON. 195
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MAES-T-SAFN TO KEA.R LLANABMON. 197
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COLLIfcEIES AND liOKEHOLES. 199 APP
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Grey shale Hard stone Grey shale Bl
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Measures Bbassv Coal Measures Coal
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Soil — COLLIERIES AND BOEEHOLE8.
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COLLIE KIES AND BOREHOLES. 207
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z?:?/Z COLLIERIES "AND BOREHOLES. 2
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: rk Measures Bine Goal - Measures
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Measures Hollin Coal Measures Main
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BOKINGS IN THE ESTUABT OF THE DEE.
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— BOEINGS IN THE ESTTJABY OF THE
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BOEINGS IN THE ESTUARY OF THE DEE.
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WELLS NEABC THE WELSH BOEDER. 221:
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ECONOMIC GEOLOGY. 223 AwdytU^of the
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ECONOMIC GEOLOGY. 225 Chwarel Pen-y
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— CARBONIFEROUS. 227 TABLE II. Ca
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cabbojtifebouss, 211 3 2g . £g ED
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_^— CARBONIFEROUS. 231
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Aberdine, 36, 41, 192. " Aberdo" li
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Chwarel-las Veins, 177. Chwarel Pen
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Greenfield, Drift at, 140; tides at
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. ; Morton, Mr. 6. H., on the limes
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River Dee Company, 156. River Terra
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Missing Page
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The geology of the neighbourhoods of Flint, Mold, and Ruthin ...

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